Census Profile, 2016 Census
5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	5050038.00 Ontario [Census tract]			Drummond Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , 5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario Map : 5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,883	...	...	103,397	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,995	...	...	98,681	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	17.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,381	...	...	47,581	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,943	...	...	45,334	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13,583.5	...	...	64.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.43	...	...	1,600.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,880	2,960	2,920	103,395	51,560	51,835
0 to 14 years	315	165	150	17,610	9,080	8,530
0 to 4 years	140	65	75	5,700	2,895	2,805
5 to 9 years	105	55	50	6,245	3,245	3,000
10 to 14 years	70	45	25	5,665	2,945	2,725
15 to 64 years	4,835	2,465	2,360	66,045	33,500	32,545
15 to 19 years	125	65	60	5,690	2,885	2,805
20 to 24 years	615	270	345	5,645	2,910	2,735
25 to 29 years	1,045	490	550	5,630	2,935	2,695
30 to 34 years	795	440	360	6,140	3,150	2,990
35 to 39 years	515	280	240	7,345	3,730	3,615
40 to 44 years	385	190	200	6,185	3,190	2,995
45 to 49 years	330	195	135	6,180	3,205	2,975
50 to 54 years	370	205	165	7,595	3,795	3,800
55 to 59 years	355	185	175	8,005	3,915	4,090
60 to 64 years	295	155	145	7,625	3,790	3,835
65 years and over	735	330	405	19,740	8,980	10,760
65 to 69 years	235	130	110	6,900	3,360	3,540
70 to 74 years	190	75	120	5,160	2,465	2,695
75 to 79 years	140	50	90	3,180	1,480	1,700
80 to 84 years	95	40	50	2,205	910	1,295
85 years and over	75	30	45	2,295	760	1,535
85 to 89 years	55	20	35	1,425	530	895
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	660	185	470
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	185	35	150
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	10	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5.4	5.6	5.1	17.0	17.6	16.5
15 to 64 years	82.2	83.3	80.8	63.9	65.0	62.8
65 years and over	12.5	11.1	13.9	19.1	17.4	20.8
85 years and over	1.3	1.0	1.5	2.2	1.5	3.0
Average age of the population	40.3	40.1	40.5	42.1	41.1	43.1
Median age of the population	35.4	35.7	35.0	42.8	41.6	44.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,940	...	...	45,335	...	...
Single-detached house	50	...	...	24,885	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,145	...	...	240	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	750	...	...	19,680	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...	2,085	...	...
Row house	70	...	...	805	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	3,540	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	610	...	...	13,025	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	225	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	535	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,940	...	...	45,335	...	...
1 person	2,575	...	...	15,325	...	...
2 persons	1,100	...	...	16,585	...	...
3 persons	180	...	...	5,770	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	5,110	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	2,555	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,710	...	...	100,095	...	...
Average household size	1.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,565	2,795	2,765	85,785	42,480	43,305
Married or living common law	1,925	995	925	49,650	24,840	24,810
Married	1,055	535	515	26,700	13,395	13,305
Living common law	870	460	405	22,945	11,440	11,505
Not married and not living common law	3,640	1,795	1,845	36,135	17,645	18,495
Never married	2,735	1,435	1,305	23,420	13,130	10,285
Separated	185	90	95	1,040	515	525
Divorced	515	240	280	6,545	2,810	3,730
Widowed	205	35	170	5,135	1,180	3,955
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,095	...	...	28,780	...	...
2 persons	890	...	...	16,150	...	...
3 persons	145	...	...	5,475	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	4,940	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	2,215	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,090	...	...	28,780	...	...
Total couple families	920	...	...	24,210	...	...
Married couples	480	...	...	12,745	...	...
Common-law couples	435	...	...	11,465	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	175	...	...	4,570	...	...
Female parent	150	...	...	3,270	...	...
Male parent	25	...	...	1,295	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	920	...	...	24,210	...	...
Couples without children	745	...	...	13,400	...	...
Couples with children	165	...	...	10,820	...	...
1 child	115	...	...	4,115	...	...
2 children	35	...	...	4,580	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	2,125	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	4,565	...	...
1 child	140	...	...	2,755	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	1,360	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,225	1,620	1,600	19,755	10,255	9,500
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,945	...	...	45,335	...	...
One-census-family households	1,075	...	...	28,325	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	745	...	...	13,205	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	330	...	...	15,125	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	225	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,860	...	...	16,780	...	...
One-person households	2,575	...	...	15,325	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	285	...	...	1,460	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,840	2,920	2,920	101,950	50,875	51,070
English only	3,360	1,730	1,635	160	80	75
French only	70	30	45	73,645	35,225	38,420
English and French	2,220	1,090	1,130	27,870	15,420	12,450
Neither English nor French	185	70	120	280	155	130
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,840	2,920	2,920	101,950	50,880	51,075
English	4,810	2,450	2,360	1,285	650	635
French	740	355	385	99,990	49,860	50,130
English and French	105	45	60	410	225	185
Neither English nor French	185	65	115	265	140	125
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	790	375	415	1,495	765	725
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	13.5	12.8	14.2	1.5	1.5	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,840	2,920	2,920	101,950	50,880	51,075
Single responses	5,615	2,815	2,795	101,240	50,510	50,725
Official languages	4,160	2,180	1,985	99,105	49,395	49,710
English	3,515	1,865	1,655	1,240	625	615
French	650	315	330	97,865	48,770	49,095
Non-official languages	1,450	635	815	2,135	1,115	1,015
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,440	635	810	2,125	1,110	1,010
Afro-Asiatic languages	255	125	135	350	205	140
Berber languages	5	5	5	10	5	0
Kabyle	10	0	5	10	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	70	30	45	0	0	0
Bilen	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	65	30	35	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	90	85	340	205	140
Amharic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	135	65	70	340	200	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	25	10	15
Vietnamese	35	15	15	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	5	35	15	0	5
Bikol	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malay	10	5	10	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	20	5	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	15	40	25	15
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	40	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	10	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	590	285	305	1,290	665	625
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	170	75	95	150	65	80
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	165	75	95	145	65	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	30	15	20
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	20	10	10
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	25	10	5	10
Russian	55	30	30	15	5	15
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	40	20	25
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	25	15	155	90	65
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	25	15	10	135	80	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	170	85	85	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	50	5	0	0
Bengali	35	15	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	5	5	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	35	40	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	35	35	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	95	100	940	480	460
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	10	35	30	10
Portuguese	30	15	10	30	10	10
Romanian	25	10	15	35	15	15
Spanish	115	50	65	850	430	420
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	5	0	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	25	45	185	85	100
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	30	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	5	10	30	15	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	5	5	5
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	5	35	15	20
Wolof	0	5	5	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	60	30	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	30	15	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	325	125	195	90	45	40
Chinese languages	320	125	195	90	45	45
Cantonese	120	50	70	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	60	100	75	40	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	35	20	15
Lao	0	0	0	35	20	15
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	0	5	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	5	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	225	105	120	715	370	345
English and French	85	35	50	455	235	225
English and non-official language	105	55	50	5	5	5
French and non-official language	25	10	15	220	115	105
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,840	2,920	2,920	101,955	50,875	51,075
Single responses	5,550	2,800	2,755	100,885	50,320	50,565
Official languages	4,895	2,520	2,375	99,690	49,715	49,975
English	4,480	2,325	2,155	825	425	405
French	415	200	220	98,860	49,295	49,570
Non-official languages	660	280	385	1,200	600	595
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	650	275	380	1,195	605	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	60	70	180	105	80
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bilen	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	45	40	180	100	80
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	70	30	35	180	100	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	25	10	15	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	95	120	745	365	380
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	30	85	40	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	20	35	90	40	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	10	5	5	5	5	5
Russian	15	10	15	5	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	25	15	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	45	25	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	35	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	15	20	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	20	20	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	40	590	295	300
Catalan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	5	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	20	10	10
Spanish	50	25	30	565	280	285
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	90	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	10	5	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	15	5	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	5	25	10	15
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	30	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	85	135	75	40	35
Chinese languages	215	85	135	80	45	35
Cantonese	85	35	55	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	45	75	65	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	10
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	5	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	125	160	1,070	560	505
English and French	60	25	35	435	225	200
English and non-official language	185	75	110	25	15	15
French and non-official language	20	10	10	555	285	265
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	60	40	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,840	2,920	2,920	101,955	50,875	51,070
None	4,505	2,305	2,205	96,875	48,220	48,655
English	380	170	210	3,445	1,850	1,595
French	335	160	175	950	465	485
Non-official language	545	255	290	545	275	270
Aboriginal	5	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	540	250	285	540	270	270
English and French	15	5	15	35	20	20
English and non-official language	15	10	5	80	40	45
French and non-official language	40	15	25	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,395	2,670	2,720	82,495	41,175	41,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,325	2,650	2,680	80,360	40,225	40,140
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,819	42,012	31,403	30,560	35,638	25,754
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,330	2,650	2,680	80,375	40,225	40,150
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,704	37,248	29,019	27,697	31,336	24,029
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,515	2,275	2,240	70,150	36,115	34,040
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,624	49,408	37,504	27,407	33,420	22,256
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,585	1,655	1,930	64,115	30,440	33,675
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,017	703	1,468	8,073	7,077	8,847
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,075	2,080	2,000	57,230	30,380	26,850
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,652	48,461	38,016	29,278	34,658	24,209
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	5,260	2,550	2,710	82,495	41,170	41,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,185	2,520	2,665	80,390	40,180	40,205
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,008	53,176	43,121	38,157	44,601	31,717
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,185	2,520	2,665	80,415	40,190	40,225
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,860	43,529	36,390	32,138	36,654	27,625
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,410	2,175	2,235	70,170	36,155	34,015
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,880	57,657	46,265	35,500	42,569	27,988
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,410	1,545	1,865	63,995	30,280	33,715
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,897	5,626	6,121	9,008	8,366	9,584
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,990	1,980	2,010	57,235	30,345	26,885
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,254	56,365	46,211	34,639	39,341	29,332
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	5,260	2,555	2,710	82,495	41,170	41,325
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,170	1,140	1,025	25,970	14,800	11,170
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	63,253	66,722	60,233	40,853	44,373	37,122
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	68,795	73,329	63,749	47,119	51,500	41,313
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.5	94.3	89.7	80.6	85.2	74.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	82.4	84.3	79.6	66.2	69.8	61.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.5	5.6	10.2	19.4	14.8	25.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	5,395	2,675	2,720	82,495	41,170	41,325
Without total income	65	20	40	2,135	950	1,185
With total income	5,325	2,650	2,680	80,360	40,225	40,135
Percentage with total income	98.7	99.1	98.5	97.4	97.7	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	610	290	315	9,280	3,915	5,365
$10,000 to $19,999	1,165	510	655	16,470	6,500	9,970
$20,000 to $29,999	595	260	335	13,750	6,240	7,505
$30,000 to $39,999	460	215	245	12,205	6,260	5,950
$40,000 to $49,999	460	225	240	10,600	5,785	4,815
$50,000 to $59,999	380	195	185	6,610	3,990	2,620
$60,000 to $69,999	370	185	185	3,985	2,565	1,425
$70,000 to $79,999	295	160	135	2,795	1,665	1,135
$80,000 to $89,999	255	140	115	1,570	1,050	520
$90,000 to $99,999	160	90	70	910	625	290
$100,000 and over	580	380	200	2,180	1,635	550
$100,000 to $149,999	435	280	155	1,500	1,105	395
$150,000 and over	145	100	40	680	530	150
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,395	2,675	2,720	82,495	41,175	41,325
Without after-tax income	60	25	40	2,120	945	1,175
With after-tax income	5,330	2,650	2,680	80,375	40,230	40,150
Percentage with after-tax income	98.8	99.1	98.5	97.4	97.7	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	615	290	325	9,590	3,995	5,595
$10,000 to $19,999	1,195	525	670	17,350	6,905	10,450
$20,000 to $29,999	690	310	385	17,045	8,085	8,965
$30,000 to $39,999	565	270	290	15,535	8,435	7,100
$40,000 to $49,999	555	265	290	9,975	5,870	4,110
$50,000 to $59,999	480	255	230	5,160	3,140	2,020
$60,000 to $69,999	385	210	175	2,685	1,640	1,045
$70,000 to $79,999	265	155	105	1,215	830	390
$80,000 and over	565	365	200	1,820	1,335	480
$80,000 to $89,999	210	135	80	595	435	160
$90,000 to $99,999	125	85	45	360	255	100
$100,000 and over	225	150	75	865	645	220
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	5,390	2,675	2,720	82,495	41,175	41,325
Without employment income	1,315	590	725	25,265	10,790	14,475
With employment income	4,080	2,080	2,000	57,235	30,380	26,850
Percentage with employment income	75.7	77.8	73.5	69.4	73.8	65.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	360	160	200	7,180	3,540	3,640
$5,000 to $9,999	260	125	140	4,670	2,025	2,640
$10,000 to $19,999	530	230	290	8,995	3,815	5,180
$20,000 to $29,999	415	195	220	8,390	3,815	4,570
$30,000 to $39,999	355	180	175	8,555	4,495	4,065
$40,000 to $49,999	370	175	195	6,865	4,125	2,745
$50,000 to $59,999	335	180	155	4,380	2,980	1,405
$60,000 to $69,999	330	160	170	2,780	1,835	950
$70,000 to $79,999	260	140	115	2,170	1,320	850
$80,000 and over	865	530	335	3,245	2,435	815
$80,000 to $89,999	225	120	105	1,095	775	315
$90,000 to $99,999	145	85	55	655	490	165
$100,000 and over	490	325	165	1,500	1,170	330
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,940	...	...	45,330	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,584	...	...	52,580	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,672	...	...	46,816	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,575	...	...	15,320	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,710	...	...	26,994	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,499	...	...	25,104	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,370	...	...	30,015	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,923	...	...	69,929	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,424	...	...	61,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,880	...	...	45,335	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,144	...	...	67,664	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,257	...	...	57,007	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,590	...	...	15,295	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,301	...	...	32,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,808	...	...	28,496	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,295	...	...	30,040	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,775	...	...	85,334	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,111	...	...	71,527	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,945	...	...	45,335	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	340	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	845	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	360	...	...	1,920	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	335	...	...	2,750	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	205	...	...	2,710	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	170	...	...	2,165	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	2,930	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...	2,810	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...	2,610	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...	2,420	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	295	...	...	4,285	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	250	...	...	3,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	240	...	...	3,205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...	2,600	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	165	...	...	2,250	...	...
$100,000 and over	805	...	...	7,845	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	310	...	...	3,740	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	165	...	...	1,855	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	180	...	...	1,430	...	...
$200,000 and over	145	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,940	...	...	45,335	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	370	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	855	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	360	...	...	1,940	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	345	...	...	2,895	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	210	...	...	3,075	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...	2,685	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	210	...	...	3,570	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	175	...	...	3,385	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	175	...	...	2,870	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	2,705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	360	...	...	4,835	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...	4,125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	235	...	...	3,220	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	200	...	...	2,515	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	140	...	...	1,875	...	...
$100,000 and over	515	...	...	4,405	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	225	...	...	2,515	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...	980	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...	910	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,125	...	...	28,930	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,632	...	...	70,314	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,789	...	...	61,513	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	740	...	...	13,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,000	...	...	60,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,496	...	...	53,700	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	10,860	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,992	...	...	95,526	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,712	...	...	81,733	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	4,475	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,384	...	...	47,067	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	31,808	...	...	43,456	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,060	...	...	28,895	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,226	...	...	86,119	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,055	...	...	72,048	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	695	...	...	12,955	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	107,465	...	...	79,149	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,987	...	...	65,995	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	10,915	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,275	...	...	109,673	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,905	...	...	90,719	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	4,400	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,566	...	...	50,741	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,616	...	...	45,187	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,130	1,580	1,550	18,250	9,595	8,660
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,088	36,480	30,784	25,620	29,208	23,021
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,436	33,152	28,523	24,114	26,481	22,229
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,140	1,540	1,595	18,230	9,665	8,560
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,863	48,636	43,190	31,774	33,537	29,784
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,190	40,114	36,335	27,572	28,716	26,281
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,705	2,840	2,870	100,095	50,240	49,850
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,105	1,455	1,650	66,490	32,875	33,615
In the bottom decile	1,330	615	710	9,710	4,790	4,915
In the second decile	685	315	370	13,335	6,095	7,240
In the third decile	410	210	205	15,095	7,450	7,645
In the fourth decile	335	155	175	15,025	7,660	7,370
In the fifth decile	350	160	190	13,325	6,880	6,440
In the top half of the distribution	2,610	1,385	1,225	33,600	17,365	16,240
In the sixth decile	360	185	175	11,315	5,885	5,420
In the seventh decile	440	215	220	8,985	4,645	4,340
In the eighth decile	490	250	240	6,295	3,240	3,060
In the ninth decile	575	315	260	4,120	2,135	1,990
In the top decile	740	420	325	2,890	1,460	1,430
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,710	2,835	2,870	100,095	50,240	49,845
0 to 17 years	360	185	175	20,970	10,750	10,225
0 to 5 years	160	80	80	6,875	3,510	3,365
18 to 64 years	4,680	2,360	2,325	62,040	31,335	30,700
65 years and over	670	295	370	17,080	8,160	8,920
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,670	775	895	16,045	7,500	8,540
0 to 17 years	155	80	75	3,050	1,575	1,470
0 to 5 years	65	30	30	970	510	450
18 to 64 years	1,150	540	615	9,115	4,390	4,725
65 years and over	360	155	210	3,880	1,530	2,345
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	29.2	27.3	31.2	16.0	14.9	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	43.1	43.2	42.9	14.5	14.7	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	40.6	37.5	37.5	14.1	14.5	13.4
18 to 64 years (%)	24.6	22.9	26.5	14.7	14.0	15.4
65 years and over (%)	53.7	52.5	56.8	22.7	18.8	26.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,540	715	820	7,110	3,605	3,500
0 to 17 years	125	65	60	1,245	670	575
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	425	235	185
18 to 64 years	1,155	550	605	5,445	2,770	2,675
65 years and over	265	100	160	410	165	250
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	27.0	25.2	28.6	7.1	7.2	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	34.7	35.1	34.3	5.9	6.2	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	34.4	37.5	31.3	6.2	6.7	5.5
18 to 64 years (%)	24.7	23.3	26.0	8.8	8.8	8.7
65 years and over (%)	39.6	33.9	43.2	2.4	2.0	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,545	2,700	2,845	100,095	50,240	49,850
Official languages	5,375	2,640	2,735	99,790	50,115	49,670
English	5,310	2,610	2,695	27,880	15,470	12,415
French	2,275	1,085	1,190	99,610	50,035	49,580
Non-official languages	1,820	880	935	4,510	2,135	2,370
Aboriginal languages	25	0	15	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	25	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,800	880	920	4,495	2,125	2,365
Afro-Asiatic languages	335	195	145	420	255	160
Berber languages	25	0	15	10	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	95	45	50	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	220	135	75	410	250	160
Amharic	25	15	0	0	0	0
Arabic	175	105	65	405	245	160
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	40	50	85	30	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	60	15	45
Vietnamese	85	40	45	20	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	25	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	35	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	70	40	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	65	35	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	850	425	420	3,380	1,530	1,850
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	185	90	90	255	130	125
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	95	90	255	130	125
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	55	20	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	0	10	0
Czech	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	35	20	55	45	10
Russian	80	40	35	55	30	25
Serbian	15	0	10	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	50	30	335	180	150
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	10	35	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	45	25	295	170	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	0	15	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	190	105	85	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	30	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	40	30	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	70	40	25	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	410	190	215	2,860	1,240	1,620
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	30	45	155	80	75
Portuguese	20	15	10	70	45	25
Romanian	20	0	10	30	15	10
Spanish	300	145	160	2,720	1,155	1,565
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	10	10	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	45	65	200	100	105
Akan (Twi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	15	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	10	15	30	20	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	20	25	70	30	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	25	20	45	25	20
Wolof	10	0	10	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	65	40	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Sign languages	10	0	0	80	40	40
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	45	25	20
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	140	175	160	85	70
Chinese languages	310	140	170	160	90	75
Cantonese	130	60	70	10	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	85	110	160	85	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	35	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	30	10	15
Thai	10	0	15	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	25	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	20	10	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	30	10	20
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,550	2,700	2,845	100,090	50,240	49,850
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,120	2,500	2,615	98,755	49,580	49,175
Canadian citizens aged under 18	300	165	140	20,665	10,640	10,025
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,815	2,340	2,480	78,090	38,940	39,150
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	425	200	225	1,335	660	675
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,545	2,700	2,845	100,090	50,240	49,850
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,985	1,980	2,000	97,050	48,720	48,335
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,410	635	780	2,905	1,440	1,465
Before 1981	175	85	85	475	285	195
1981 to 1990	255	145	115	280	135	145
1991 to 2000	410	185	225	435	185	250
2001 to 2010	375	140	235	1,025	495	525
2001 to 2005	205	105	105	480	230	250
2006 to 2010	170	35	130	545	265	285
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	195	75	120	685	335	350
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	145	80	65	130	80	45
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,410	630	780	2,905	1,435	1,470
Under 5 years	140	70	70	440	200	240
5 to 14 years	220	120	100	610	345	265
15 to 24 years	265	140	125	470	220	255
25 to 44 years	530	210	320	1,130	545	590
45 years and over	255	95	160	255	130	120
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,415	630	780	2,905	1,440	1,470
Americas	160	75	85	930	455	470
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	505	240	270
El Salvador	15	10	0	20	0	10
Guyana	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	80	55	25
Jamaica	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	30	20	140	75	75
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	30	140	60	80
Europe	310	140	170	890	460	425
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	10	25	95	45	50
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	390	180	210
Germany	10	10	0	65	20	45
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	15	10	20	20	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	25	15	10
Poland	15	10	15	15	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	15	10	10	10	10	10
Russian Federation	20	0	10	20	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	110	60	55	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	25	30	225	145	80
Africa	315	150	165	595	330	265
Algeria	10	0	0	45	30	15
Egypt	25	15	10	25	15	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	80	45	35
Nigeria	20	10	15	10	0	0
Somalia	60	35	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	150	70	80	430	230	195
Asia	625	275	355	495	195	310
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	170	55	115	180	60	115
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	20	25	0	0	0
India	60	15	40	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	65	40	30	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	70	20	50
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	15	20	10	20
Lebanon	20	10	20	15	10	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	60	25	30	15	10	10
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	0	65	35	30
Taiwan	10	10	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	60	30	30	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	45	20	25	100	40	55
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	200	75	120	685	335	350
Americas	25	0	15	110	50	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	45	10	35
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	10	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	25	0
Europe	20	0	10	75	40	35
France	0	0	0	55	30	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	70	25	45	325	165	165
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	45	30	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigeria	15	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	10	205	95	110
Asia	75	35	45	180	85	95
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	45	30	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	30	0	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	65	35	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,545	2,700	2,845	100,090	50,240	49,850
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,680	790	890	3,135	1,550	1,585
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,030	555	470	3,075	1,655	1,420
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,840	1,355	1,485	93,880	47,035	46,845
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,255	555	705	2,460	1,175	1,285
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	565	260	305	750	405	350
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	235	105	135	370	245	130
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	325	155	170	385	155	230
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	340	120	225	645	270	370
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	345	175	170	1,060	500	555
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,545	2,700	2,845	100,090	50,240	49,850
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	225	100	130	1,145	600	545
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	220	90	130	1,080	580	505
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	115	45	70	520	270	250
Métis	75	35	40	525	280	245
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	20	40	30	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,315	2,600	2,715	98,945	49,640	49,305
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,545	2,700	2,845	100,090	50,240	49,850
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	70	40	35	280	145	130
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,475	2,665	2,810	99,810	50,095	49,715
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,550	2,700	2,845	100,090	50,245	49,850
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	50	20	30	885	465	415
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	50	20	30	865	460	405
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	10	15	740	380	370
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	110	70	40
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	265	115	150	2,850	1,335	1,515
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	255	105	150	2,805	1,310	1,490
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	70	95	2,635	1,225	1,410
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	40	45	160	70	80
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	15	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,230	2,570	2,670	96,360	48,440	47,920
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,545	2,700	2,845	100,090	50,240	49,850
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,490	690	800	2,385	1,190	1,200
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	205	90	115	20	10	10
Chinese	305	135	165	235	80	155
Black	400	180	220	700	390	310
Filipino	65	25	40	15	10	10
Latin American	95	45	50	700	330	370
Arab	135	85	45	420	255	160
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	115	50	60	175	65	110
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	75	50	30	20	10	15
Korean	10	0	10	35	20	15
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	0	15	30	15	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	20	30	30	10	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,055	2,010	2,045	97,705	49,060	48,650
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,545	2,700	2,845	100,090	50,240	49,850
North American Aboriginal origins	315	135	180	3,730	1,800	1,930
First Nations (North American Indian)	190	80	110	3,440	1,635	1,805
Inuit	30	10	20	40	30	10
Métis	100	55	55	310	165	145
Other North American origins	1,335	655	685	80,150	40,015	40,135
Acadian	30	20	10	390	185	205
American	85	40	40	540	230	310
Canadian	1,280	625	660	77,420	38,690	38,730
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	2,725	1,315	1,410
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	3,680	1,830	1,845	30,150	15,335	14,815
British Isles origins	2,470	1,235	1,230	6,440	3,050	3,395
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,300	700	610	1,415	700	715
Irish	1,235	595	645	4,420	2,040	2,380
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,060	555	505	1,310	605	710
Welsh	115	55	60	35	0	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	215	75	140	50	35	20
French origins	1,125	540	585	24,105	12,275	11,830
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	125	65	65
Corsican	0	0	0	20	20	0
French	1,125	545	585	23,975	12,195	11,780
Western European origins (except French origins)	720	335	385	2,045	1,075	970
Austrian	25	15	10	15	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	35	10	25	485	260	225
Dutch	180	70	110	125	70	55
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	475	220	255	1,140	600	545
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swiss	30	10	15	395	205	190
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	215	120	95	155	60	90
Danish	55	35	20	25	10	15
Finnish	25	15	10	35	10	20
Icelandic	15	10	10	25	10	20
Norwegian	55	30	25	25	15	10
Swedish	70	40	30	45	25	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	15	10	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	565	265	305	440	230	215
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	0	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	30	40	50	20	25
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	0	0	10	10
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	225	120	100	160	100	55
Romanian	60	35	25	55	25	35
Russian	115	45	65	55	25	30
Slovak	0	10	0	25	10	10
Ukrainian	185	65	125	120	60	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins	575	290	285	1,500	815	680
Albanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	0	20	55	25	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	20	15	10	10
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	25	30	110	65	50
Italian	295	180	120	850	500	355
Kosovar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	15	0	10	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	30	25	135	75	65
Serbian	30	10	20	40	30	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovenian	0	0	10	10	0	0
Spanish	75	45	35	275	125	145
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	50	15	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins	60	25	35	105	65	35
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	45	10	30	50	35	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	50	30	20
Caribbean origins	110	40	70	330	200	130
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	10	15	50	10	35
Dominican	0	0	0	55	35	15
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	230	155	75
Jamaican	25	0	25	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	95	35	50	945	495	450
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	25	15	10
Colombian	10	0	10	655	340	315
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	10	10
Guatemalan	10	0	10	55	30	20
Guyanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	10	10	0	85	45	45
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peruvian	10	0	0	15	10	0
Salvadorean	10	10	10	35	20	15
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	20	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	10	0	10
African origins	510	260	250	860	465	395
Central and West African origins	75	35	40	210	130	80
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	10	20	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	30	15	15	85	55	35
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	15	0	15
Senegalese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	30	20	0
North African origins	120	75	45	350	210	135
Algerian	0	0	0	110	60	50
Berber	40	20	20	45	30	15
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	30	10	55	25	30
Libyan	10	10	0	15	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	125	75	45
Sudanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	40	40	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	270	140	135	145	65	75
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	75	25	45	100	50	55
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	10	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mauritian	10	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	110	55	55	0	0	0
South African	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	20	30	165	70	100
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	15	30	165	70	95
Asian origins	1,045	505	540	920	420	505
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	285	180	100	400	225	175
Afghan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	15	15	115	70	40
Armenian	15	10	0	45	20	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	45	35	10	0	15
Iraqi	10	10	0	30	10	20
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	55	20	35	60	40	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	10	80	50	30
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	40	30	10	50	35	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	225	105	120	25	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	140	60	85	25	15	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	40	20	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	540	225	315	500	180	320
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	15	105	45	70
Chinese	325	145	185	240	80	165
Filipino	80	30	55	15	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	30	15	15
Laotian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	25	10	20	10	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	45	45	45	15	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	20	15	10
Australian	10	0	10	15	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,885	...	...	45,335	...	...
Owner	870	...	...	27,755	...	...
Renter	3,015	...	...	17,580	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,885	...	...	45,335	...	...
Condominium	1,340	...	...	2,430	...	...
Not condominium	2,535	...	...	42,905	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,880	...	...	45,335	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	215	...	...
1 bedroom	2,525	...	...	6,095	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,060	...	...	13,135	...	...
3 bedrooms	140	...	...	16,555	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	9,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,880	...	...	45,335	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,275	...	...	13,535	...	...
5 rooms	345	...	...	9,850	...	...
6 rooms	145	...	...	5,645	...	...
7 rooms	60	...	...	5,800	...	...
8 or more rooms	50	...	...	10,495	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.4	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,880	...	...	45,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,840	...	...	45,165	...	...
More than 1 person per room	40	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,880	...	...	45,335	...	...
Suitable	3,710	...	...	44,525	...	...
Not suitable	165	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,880	...	...	45,335	...	...
1960 or before	700	...	...	9,780	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,025	...	...	13,105	...	...
1981 to 1990	390	...	...	6,240	...	...
1991 to 2000	410	...	...	6,230	...	...
2001 to 2005	335	...	...	3,170	...	...
2006 to 2010	345	...	...	3,695	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	670	...	...	3,110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,880	...	...	45,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,565	...	...	43,070	...	...
Major repairs needed	320	...	...	2,260	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,880	...	...	45,330	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,020	...	...	28,845	...	...
2 household maintainers	785	...	...	16,160	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	75	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,885	...	...	45,335	...	...
15 to 24 years	375	...	...	1,825	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,285	...	...	6,250	...	...
35 to 44 years	610	...	...	7,955	...	...
45 to 54 years	565	...	...	8,245	...	...
55 to 64 years	530	...	...	9,565	...	...
65 to 74 years	325	...	...	7,690	...	...
75 to 84 years	150	...	...	2,920	...	...
85 years and over	30	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,875	...	...	44,765	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,520	...	...	36,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,355	...	...	7,980	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,160	...	...	7,400	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	870	...	...	27,290	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.3	...	...	63.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	27.7	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,780	...	...	843	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,845	...	...	889	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	390,774	...	...	180,207	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	425,525	...	...	204,690	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,015	...	...	17,520	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	32.7	...	...	7.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.0	...	...	30.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	970	...	...	602	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	973	...	...	621	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,260	2,555	2,705	82,495	41,170	41,320
No certificate, diploma or degree	445	200	235	20,165	10,705	9,455
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,070	525	545	18,560	8,545	10,015
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,745	1,825	1,920	43,770	21,920	21,855
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	200	85	110	17,970	11,390	6,580
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	125	40	80	13,095	7,500	5,595
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	45	30	4,880	3,895	985
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	780	335	445	14,680	5,915	8,765
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	35	20	2,230	835	1,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,710	1,375	1,335	8,885	3,785	5,105
Bachelor's degree	1,530	745	785	6,500	2,685	3,815
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	55	60	680	250	430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	25	30	300	190	115
Master's degree	875	465	410	1,245	580	670
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	130	85	45	155	80	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,900	1,935	1,965	54,130	26,965	27,165
No certificate, diploma or degree	190	95	95	9,340	5,345	4,000
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	650	320	335	10,915	5,015	5,900
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,060	1,525	1,540	33,870	16,610	17,260
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	65	105	14,200	8,700	5,500
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	100	30	70	10,550	5,865	4,685
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	65	35	30	3,655	2,830	820
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	640	275	365	11,055	4,420	6,640
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	25	15	1,365	525	840
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,220	1,160	1,060	7,245	2,965	4,280
Bachelor's degree	1,180	595	585	5,380	2,200	3,180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	60	475	140	335
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	30	25	250	145	105
Master's degree	775	425	355	1,010	425	580
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	105	65	40	130	50	70
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,260	2,550	2,705	82,495	41,170	41,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,515	725	790	38,725	19,250	19,475
Education	85	15	70	3,475	765	2,705
13. Education	85	15	70	3,475	765	2,700
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	55	110	1,210	575	635
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	240	185	50
50. Visual and performing arts	140	35	110	970	385	580
Humanities	330	180	155	1,880	855	1,025
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	20	25	170	45	120
23. English language and literature/letters	80	40	45	50	10	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	35	30	1,115	515	600
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	10	70	45	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	150	95	55
54. History	60	40	20	100	70	30
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	10	235	80	160
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,020	480	535	2,950	630	2,320
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	20	10	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	50	90	255	80	175
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	10	10	1,180	105	1,080
22. Legal professions and studies	190	85	105	420	100	320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	135	20	120
42. Psychology	105	35	75	510	85	425
45. Social sciences	515	280	230	420	240	175
Business, management and public administration	720	345	375	9,245	2,770	6,475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	20	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	65	35	370	65	300
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	615	280	335	8,865	2,690	6,170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	195	115	80	760	440	330
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	45	55	230	85	145
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	15	135	95	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	130	65	65
40. Physical sciences	60	50	15	215	170	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	50	25	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	130	90	1,035	705	335
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	155	120	35	905	650	260
25. Library science	45	0	45	80	25	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	35	15	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	385	295	100	12,105	11,385	725
04. Architecture and related services	40	10	35	160	115	45
14. Engineering	220	170	50	915	820	90
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	55	50	0	2,280	1,995	285
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	30	0	2,925	2,830	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	15	10	2,805	2,760	40
48. Precision production	10	10	0	3,040	2,870	170
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	30	35	1,500	925	570
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	20	10	1,270	740	525
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	0	20	230	185	45
Health and related fields	375	100	270	5,460	1,000	4,455
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	10	25	285	160	120
51. Health professions and related programs	310	70	230	5,115	800	4,310
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	10	55	35	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	90	90	4,115	1,855	2,260
12. Personal and culinary services	105	40	65	2,495	465	2,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	60	40	25	585	450	130
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	1,025	925	100
Other	0	0	0	20	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,900	1,935	1,965	54,130	26,965	27,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	840	415	425	20,260	10,355	9,905
Education	75	15	60	2,290	515	1,780
13. Education	80	15	60	2,290	515	1,780
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	135	55	85	915	455	465
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	190	155	30
50. Visual and performing arts	115	30	85	725	295	430
Humanities	265	160	105	1,195	555	640
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	15	25	125	20	100
23. English language and literature/letters	65	35	30	40	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	35	15	670	340	335
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	40	30	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	95	55	45
54. History	55	40	15	80	50	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	10	0	145	50	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	825	410	420	2,405	450	1,955
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	0	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	45	70	200	50	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	1,045	80	965
22. Legal professions and studies	170	70	100	340	85	255
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	105	10	100
42. Psychology	75	20	55	390	60	330
45. Social sciences	420	250	175	290	170	125
Business, management and public administration	610	290	325	7,475	2,050	5,420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	60	25	300	40	260
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	515	225	295	7,165	2,010	5,160
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	90	60	500	275	230
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	40	190	65	125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	10	90	60	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	15	20
40. Physical sciences	40	35	10	165	120	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	15	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195	115	85	910	610	300
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	105	35	820	580	235
25. Library science	45	0	45	65	15	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	310	225	80	9,320	8,680	640
04. Architecture and related services	35	10	25	130	95	35
14. Engineering	175	130	45	760	680	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	50	40	0	1,860	1,585	275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	10	2,075	2,010	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	10	0	2,190	2,145	45
48. Precision production	15	15	0	2,310	2,165	150
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35	1,275	765	510
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	15	10	1,075	610	460
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	10	25	200	150	45
Health and related fields	295	95	205	4,240	795	3,450
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	0	20	230	140	90
51. Health professions and related programs	235	65	175	3,965	620	3,345
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	15	15	45	30	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	65	85	3,325	1,450	1,875
12. Personal and culinary services	90	35	55	1,940	270	1,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	45	20	30	490	365	125
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	10	885	805	85
Other	0	0	0	20	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,260	2,550	2,705	82,495	41,170	41,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,510	725	785	38,730	19,255	19,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,745	1,830	1,920	43,765	21,920	21,850
Location of study inside Canada	3,130	1,495	1,630	43,010	21,475	21,530
Same as province or territory of residence	2,535	1,185	1,355	42,555	21,235	21,325
Different than province or territory of residence	590	315	280	455	245	205
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	620	330	290	765	440	320
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	70	45	100	70	35
Philippines	25	0	15	0	0	10
India	15	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	65	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	30	50	30	20
France	45	20	25	225	140	85
Other	270	140	135	385	200	180
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,900	1,935	1,965	54,130	26,965	27,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	840	415	425	20,255	10,355	9,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,060	1,520	1,540	33,870	16,610	17,260
Location of study inside Canada	2,550	1,250	1,295	33,250	16,275	16,975
Same as province or territory of residence	2,045	985	1,055	32,935	16,115	16,825
Different than province or territory of residence	500	265	235	315	165	150
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	515	270	245	620	330	290
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	50	40	60	30	25
Philippines	20	10	10	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	60	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	45	25	20
France	50	20	25	175	100	70
Other	245	125	120	340	165	165
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	5,260	2,555	2,710	82,495	41,170	41,320
In the labour force	3,830	1,925	1,905	52,925	28,115	24,810
Employed	3,565	1,805	1,760	49,320	25,980	23,340
Unemployed	265	120	140	3,605	2,130	1,470
Not in the labour force	1,430	625	800	29,570	13,060	16,510
Participation rate	72.8	75.3	70.3	64.2	68.3	60.0
Employment rate	67.8	70.6	64.9	59.8	63.1	56.5
Unemployment rate	6.9	6.2	7.3	6.8	7.6	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	5,260	2,555	2,705	82,495	41,170	41,325
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,370	600	770	27,735	12,085	15,650
Worked	3,890	1,950	1,940	54,765	29,085	25,675
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,210	1,165	1,040	26,350	15,060	11,290
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,685	785	900	28,410	14,030	14,380
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.5	44.9	44.0	43.0	43.2	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,830	1,925	1,905	52,925	28,110	24,810
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	70	35	40	1,180	555	625
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,760	1,890	1,870	51,745	27,555	24,190
Employee	3,520	1,765	1,760	45,890	24,045	21,845
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	235	125	110	5,855	3,510	2,345
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,835	1,925	1,910	52,925	28,115	24,810
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	35	40	1,180	560	625
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,760	1,890	1,865	51,745	27,555	24,190
0 Management occupations	370	205	165	4,825	3,120	1,710
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	785	365	420	6,755	1,965	4,790
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	455	355	100	2,495	1,905	585
3 Health occupations	200	55	145	3,300	525	2,770
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	865	390	480	5,430	1,280	4,150
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	85	125	1,045	485	560
6 Sales and service occupations	740	335	410	11,830	4,685	7,145
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	85	85	10	9,850	9,230	625
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	20	0	1,255	850	405
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	4,950	3,500	1,455
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,830	1,925	1,910	52,925	28,110	24,810
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	35	40	1,180	560	625
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,755	1,890	1,865	51,745	27,555	24,190
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	10	0	2,105	1,375	735
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	130	100	30
22 Utilities	0	0	10	195	160	35
23 Construction	85	80	10	3,555	3,155	405
31-33 Manufacturing	40	25	10	10,855	7,825	3,035
41 Wholesale trade	50	40	10	2,550	1,750	800
44-45 Retail trade	275	80	190	6,565	2,880	3,685
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	35	10	2,530	1,995	535
51 Information and cultural industries	160	100	55	420	270	150
52 Finance and insurance	120	70	50	1,265	395	870
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	0	410	245	170
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	500	260	235	2,150	1,135	1,015
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	175	105	70	1,475	875	595
61 Educational services	300	145	155	3,270	830	2,440
62 Health care and social assistance	300	90	205	5,795	840	4,960
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	75	20	55	675	380	295
72 Accommodation and food services	325	155	170	3,600	1,140	2,460
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	100	100	2,385	1,255	1,125
91 Public administration	1,070	555	515	1,810	955	850
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,565	1,800	1,765	49,325	25,980	23,340
Worked at home	150	90	65	3,225	1,650	1,575
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	55	45	10
No fixed workplace address	205	135	70	3,760	2,975	780
Worked at usual place	3,205	1,570	1,630	42,290	21,310	20,980
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,200	1,575	1,625	42,285	21,310	20,980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,975	1,450	1,525	26,455	12,820	13,630
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	9,565	5,015	4,550
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	10	20	6,235	3,445	2,790
Commute to a different province or territory	205	110	90	35	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,410	1,710	1,700	46,045	24,290	21,760
Car, truck, van - as a driver	710	440	270	41,300	21,950	19,350
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	50	20	30	1,570	710	860
Public transit	820	385	435	390	125	265
Walked	1,620	770	850	1,975	1,000	975
Bicycle	180	90	90	435	315	115
Other method	25	10	20	380	190	190
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,405	1,705	1,700	46,045	24,285	21,765
Less than 15 minutes	1,025	500	530	22,435	11,525	10,915
15 to 29 minutes	1,515	790	725	15,630	8,055	7,580
30 to 44 minutes	540	265	270	4,045	2,160	1,885
45 to 59 minutes	185	80	105	1,960	1,160	800
60 minutes and over	145	80	65	1,975	1,390	590
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,405	1,710	1,700	46,045	24,285	21,760
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	40	20	2,565	2,005	555
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	275	140	130	8,995	6,105	2,895
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	790	370	425	15,840	7,980	7,860
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,315	660	660	7,795	2,675	5,120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	500	245	260	3,405	1,120	2,280
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	470	260	205	7,450	4,400	3,055
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,955	1,970	1,985	56,125	29,805	26,320
Single responses	3,760	1,905	1,860	55,095	29,165	25,925
Official languages	3,730	1,885	1,845	55,040	29,155	25,880
English	3,625	1,845	1,780	875	555	320
French	100	40	60	54,160	28,600	25,560
Non-official languages	30	20	15	55	10	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	15	55	10	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	40	10	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	30	0	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	190	70	125	1,030	640	395
English and French	190	65	120	955	600	350
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	10	0	0	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,950	1,975	1,980	56,125	29,805	26,320
None	2,815	1,435	1,385	48,245	25,185	23,060
English	110	50	65	7,030	4,140	2,885
French	955	455	505	640	385	255
Non-official language	40	20	15	155	75	80
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	40	20	20	155	75	80
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	55	20	40
French and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,505	2,680	2,825	99,020	49,780	49,240
Non-movers	4,115	1,970	2,145	86,050	43,355	42,695
Movers	1,390	715	675	12,965	6,430	6,540
Non-migrants	990	505	485	8,100	4,010	4,090
Migrants	405	210	190	4,870	2,415	2,455
Internal migrants	315	160	160	4,600	2,280	2,315
Intraprovincial migrants	180	105	75	4,535	2,255	2,280
Interprovincial migrants	135	55	85	65	30	40
External migrants	85	55	30	270	135	140
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,430	2,655	2,770	94,395	47,420	46,980
Non-movers	1,860	915	945	59,695	30,125	29,575
Movers	3,565	1,740	1,830	34,695	17,290	17,405
Non-migrants	2,095	1,020	1,075	20,985	10,460	10,525
Migrants	1,475	720	755	13,720	6,840	6,880
Internal migrants	1,135	525	605	13,085	6,575	6,505
Intraprovincial migrants	615	280	335	12,845	6,445	6,400
Interprovincial migrants	520	245	275	245	135	105
External migrants	340	195	150	630	260	370

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. 5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census 5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec