Census Profile, 2016 Census
5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Williams Lake [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	5050038.00 Ontario [Census tract]			Williams Lake British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , 5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario Map : 5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Williams Lake [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,883	...	...	18,277	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,995	...	...	18,490	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	17.8	...	...	-1.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,381	...	...	8,379	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,943	...	...	7,620	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13,583.5	...	...	6.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.43	...	...	2,657.80	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,880	2,960	2,920	18,275	9,235	9,040
0 to 14 years	315	165	150	3,050	1,600	1,450
0 to 4 years	140	65	75	995	540	455
5 to 9 years	105	55	50	1,030	525	495
10 to 14 years	70	45	25	1,025	530	495
15 to 64 years	4,835	2,465	2,360	11,900	6,010	5,880
15 to 19 years	125	65	60	1,040	545	495
20 to 24 years	615	270	345	1,055	560	500
25 to 29 years	1,045	490	550	1,100	555	540
30 to 34 years	795	440	360	1,170	605	565
35 to 39 years	515	280	240	1,100	540	560
40 to 44 years	385	190	200	1,055	505	550
45 to 49 years	330	195	135	1,220	630	590
50 to 54 years	370	205	165	1,305	635	665
55 to 59 years	355	185	175	1,465	745	720
60 to 64 years	295	155	145	1,385	695	695
65 years and over	735	330	405	3,330	1,625	1,705
65 to 69 years	235	130	110	1,210	625	585
70 to 74 years	190	75	120	785	430	360
75 to 79 years	140	50	90	510	235	275
80 to 84 years	95	40	50	390	165	225
85 years and over	75	30	45	430	175	255
85 to 89 years	55	20	35	210	120	95
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	200	55	150
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	10	0	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5.4	5.6	5.1	16.7	17.3	16.0
15 to 64 years	82.2	83.3	80.8	65.1	65.1	65.0
65 years and over	12.5	11.1	13.9	18.2	17.6	18.9
85 years and over	1.3	1.0	1.5	2.4	1.9	2.8
Average age of the population	40.3	40.1	40.5	41.9	41.2	42.6
Median age of the population	35.4	35.7	35.0	43.0	42.0	43.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,940	...	...	7,620	...	...
Single-detached house	50	...	...	4,530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,145	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	750	...	...	1,965	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...	260	...	...
Row house	70	...	...	365	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	555	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	610	...	...	770	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,120	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,940	...	...	7,620	...	...
1 person	2,575	...	...	2,135	...	...
2 persons	1,100	...	...	2,945	...	...
3 persons	180	...	...	1,105	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	900	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	520	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,710	...	...	17,835	...	...
Average household size	1.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,565	2,795	2,765	15,230	7,640	7,585
Married or living common law	1,925	995	925	9,000	4,535	4,460
Married	1,055	535	515	6,810	3,445	3,365
Living common law	870	460	405	2,190	1,090	1,095
Not married and not living common law	3,640	1,795	1,845	6,225	3,105	3,125
Never married	2,735	1,435	1,305	3,895	2,235	1,660
Separated	185	90	95	530	250	280
Divorced	515	240	280	905	435	470
Widowed	205	35	170	900	190	710
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,095	...	...	5,300	...	...
2 persons	890	...	...	3,095	...	...
3 persons	145	...	...	1,010	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	830	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	365	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,090	...	...	5,305	...	...
Total couple families	920	...	...	4,365	...	...
Married couples	480	...	...	3,275	...	...
Common-law couples	435	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	175	...	...	940	...	...
Female parent	150	...	...	695	...	...
Male parent	25	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	920	...	...	4,365	...	...
Couples without children	745	...	...	2,515	...	...
Couples with children	165	...	...	1,855	...	...
1 child	115	...	...	750	...	...
2 children	35	...	...	755	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	940	...	...
1 child	140	...	...	585	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	260	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,225	1,620	1,600	3,350	1,790	1,560
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,945	...	...	7,620	...	...
One-census-family households	1,075	...	...	5,020	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	745	...	...	2,420	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	330	...	...	2,600	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	145	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,860	...	...	2,460	...	...
One-person households	2,575	...	...	2,140	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	285	...	...	320	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,840	2,920	2,920	17,895	9,065	8,825
English only	3,360	1,730	1,635	17,090	8,710	8,385
French only	70	30	45	30	5	25
English and French	2,220	1,090	1,130	700	330	375
Neither English nor French	185	70	120	70	25	50
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,840	2,920	2,920	17,895	9,070	8,825
English	4,810	2,450	2,360	17,595	8,930	8,665
French	740	355	385	220	110	110
English and French	105	45	60	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	185	65	115	65	20	45
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	790	375	415	225	115	110
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	13.5	12.8	14.2	1.3	1.3	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,840	2,920	2,920	17,895	9,070	8,825
Single responses	5,615	2,815	2,795	17,680	8,955	8,725
Official languages	4,160	2,180	1,985	16,275	8,285	7,990
English	3,515	1,865	1,655	16,015	8,160	7,855
French	650	315	330	255	120	135
Non-official languages	1,450	635	815	1,410	675	730
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	270	120	150
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	135	45	85
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	135	45	90
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	130	40	85
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	125	70	55
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	120	70	50
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,440	635	810	1,135	550	580
Afro-Asiatic languages	255	125	135	5	5	5
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	70	30	45	0	0	0
Bilen	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	65	30	35	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	90	85	5	0	5
Amharic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	135	65	70	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	15	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	5	35	95	30	60
Bikol	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	10	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	20	80	25	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	30	10	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	590	285	305	890	450	440
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	75	95	90	50	40
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	165	75	95	90	45	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	5	0	5
Croatian	10	5	5	15	5	5
Czech	10	5	5	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Polish	40	20	25	10	5	5
Russian	55	30	30	20	10	10
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	25	15	385	190	190
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	25	20
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	5	5	5	55	35	20
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	25	15	10	255	120	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	85	85	320	165	155
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	50	320	165	155
Bengali	35	15	20	0	5	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	5	10	10	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	295	145	145
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	15	5	5	5	0	5
Iranian languages	75	35	40	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	95	100	95	45	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	10	20	15	5
Portuguese	30	15	10	20	10	15
Romanian	25	10	15	5	0	0
Spanish	115	50	65	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	30	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	25	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	325	125	195	60	25	35
Chinese languages	320	125	195	60	25	30
Cantonese	120	50	70	30	10	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	60	100	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	20	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	15	5	5
Hungarian	10	0	10	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	225	105	120	215	110	100
English and French	85	35	50	30	20	15
English and non-official language	105	55	50	185	95	90
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,840	2,920	2,920	17,895	9,070	8,825
Single responses	5,550	2,800	2,755	17,630	8,945	8,685
Official languages	4,895	2,520	2,375	17,155	8,715	8,445
English	4,480	2,325	2,155	17,090	8,690	8,400
French	415	200	220	65	20	45
Non-official languages	660	280	385	475	230	245
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	25	15	15
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	650	275	380	445	220	230
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	60	70	5	0	5
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bilen	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	45	40	5	0	5
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	70	30	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	35	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	95	120	340	170	170
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	30	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	20	35	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Polish	10	5	5	5	5	0
Russian	15	10	15	5	0	5
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	75	35	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	20	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	40	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	35	240	120	125
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	15	240	120	120
Bengali	30	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	0	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	235	115	120
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	40	5	5	5
Catalan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	50	25	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	85	135	25	10	15
Chinese languages	215	85	135	25	10	15
Cantonese	85	35	55	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	45	75	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	290	125	160	260	120	135
English and French	60	25	35	15	10	10
English and non-official language	185	75	110	240	110	130
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,840	2,920	2,920	17,895	9,065	8,825
None	4,505	2,305	2,205	17,030	8,665	8,365
English	380	170	210	195	90	105
French	335	160	175	115	55	55
Non-official language	545	255	290	555	255	295
Aboriginal	5	0	0	210	95	110
Non-Aboriginal	540	250	285	345	160	180
English and French	15	5	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	25	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,395	2,670	2,720	14,795	7,450	7,340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,325	2,650	2,680	14,335	7,255	7,075
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,819	42,012	31,403	34,659	48,628	26,323
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,330	2,650	2,680	14,345	7,265	7,080
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,704	37,248	29,019	31,308	42,052	24,759
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,515	2,275	2,240	12,775	6,650	6,125
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,624	49,408	37,504	33,231	47,907	23,706
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,585	1,655	1,930	9,950	4,440	5,505
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,017	703	1,468	7,276	8,093	6,812
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,075	2,080	2,000	10,970	5,810	5,155
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,652	48,461	38,016	34,610	52,109	24,739
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	5,260	2,550	2,710	14,790	7,460	7,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,185	2,520	2,665	14,315	7,265	7,050
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,008	53,176	43,121	43,769	54,950	32,256
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,185	2,520	2,665	14,325	7,270	7,065
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,860	43,529	36,390	37,128	45,364	28,653
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,410	2,175	2,235	12,810	6,730	6,080
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,880	57,657	46,265	42,296	53,394	30,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,410	1,545	1,865	9,965	4,370	5,595
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,897	5,626	6,121	8,509	9,097	8,049
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,990	1,980	2,010	10,970	5,895	5,070
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,254	56,365	46,211	42,571	53,497	29,864
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	5,260	2,555	2,710	14,795	7,460	7,330
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,170	1,140	1,025	4,710	2,780	1,930
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	63,253	66,722	60,233	55,484	67,885	41,012
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	68,795	73,329	63,749	60,094	70,034	45,759
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.5	94.3	89.7	86.4	89.9	80.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	82.4	84.3	79.6	74.8	79.2	67.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.5	5.6	10.2	13.6	10.1	19.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	5,395	2,675	2,720	14,790	7,450	7,340
Without total income	65	20	40	455	195	265
With total income	5,325	2,650	2,680	14,335	7,260	7,075
Percentage with total income	98.7	99.1	98.5	96.9	97.4	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	610	290	315	1,945	755	1,190
$10,000 to $19,999	1,165	510	655	2,380	890	1,485
$20,000 to $29,999	595	260	335	2,050	790	1,265
$30,000 to $39,999	460	215	245	1,715	710	1,005
$40,000 to $49,999	460	225	240	1,280	560	720
$50,000 to $59,999	380	195	185	1,060	590	470
$60,000 to $69,999	370	185	185	990	675	320
$70,000 to $79,999	295	160	135	790	565	225
$80,000 to $89,999	255	140	115	595	440	150
$90,000 to $99,999	160	90	70	470	385	80
$100,000 and over	580	380	200	1,065	900	160
$100,000 to $149,999	435	280	155	880	750	130
$150,000 and over	145	100	40	185	150	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,395	2,675	2,720	14,790	7,450	7,340
Without after-tax income	60	25	40	445	185	255
With after-tax income	5,330	2,650	2,680	14,350	7,270	7,080
Percentage with after-tax income	98.8	99.1	98.5	97.0	97.6	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	615	290	325	2,010	790	1,215
$10,000 to $19,999	1,195	525	670	2,530	970	1,555
$20,000 to $29,999	690	310	385	2,395	930	1,465
$30,000 to $39,999	565	270	290	1,915	805	1,110
$40,000 to $49,999	555	265	290	1,485	760	720
$50,000 to $59,999	480	255	230	1,315	895	420
$60,000 to $69,999	385	210	175	965	700	265
$70,000 to $79,999	265	155	105	720	565	155
$80,000 and over	565	365	200	1,030	860	170
$80,000 to $89,999	210	135	80	445	370	75
$90,000 to $99,999	125	85	45	265	230	35
$100,000 and over	225	150	75	320	260	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	5,390	2,675	2,720	14,795	7,450	7,340
Without employment income	1,315	590	725	3,825	1,640	2,180
With employment income	4,080	2,080	2,000	10,970	5,810	5,155
Percentage with employment income	75.7	77.8	73.5	74.1	78.0	70.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	360	160	200	1,675	715	960
$5,000 to $9,999	260	125	140	820	345	470
$10,000 to $19,999	530	230	290	1,285	500	775
$20,000 to $29,999	415	195	220	1,190	460	730
$30,000 to $39,999	355	180	175	1,110	430	680
$40,000 to $49,999	370	175	195	880	375	505
$50,000 to $59,999	335	180	155	790	445	340
$60,000 to $69,999	330	160	170	785	540	245
$70,000 to $79,999	260	140	115	645	475	170
$80,000 and over	865	530	335	1,795	1,520	280
$80,000 to $89,999	225	120	105	505	395	105
$90,000 to $99,999	145	85	55	400	340	65
$100,000 and over	490	325	165	890	780	105
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,940	...	...	7,620	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,584	...	...	72,338	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,672	...	...	62,931	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,575	...	...	2,140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,710	...	...	36,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,499	...	...	32,273	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,370	...	...	5,480	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,923	...	...	88,144	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,424	...	...	76,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,880	...	...	7,620	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,144	...	...	82,225	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,257	...	...	69,811	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,590	...	...	2,135	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,301	...	...	45,092	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,808	...	...	38,507	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,295	...	...	5,480	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,775	...	...	96,709	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,111	...	...	82,021	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,945	...	...	7,620	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	85	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	105	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	360	...	...	185	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	335	...	...	310	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	205	...	...	355	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	170	...	...	305	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	315	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...	315	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...	305	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...	305	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	295	...	...	545	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	250	...	...	555	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	240	...	...	530	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...	510	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	165	...	...	470	...	...
$100,000 and over	805	...	...	2,420	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	310	...	...	975	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	165	...	...	610	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	180	...	...	565	...	...
$200,000 and over	145	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,940	...	...	7,620	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	90	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	105	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	360	...	...	185	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	345	...	...	315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	210	...	...	415	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...	365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	210	...	...	365	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	175	...	...	340	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	175	...	...	380	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	345	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	360	...	...	710	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...	665	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	235	...	...	665	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	200	...	...	565	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	140	...	...	510	...	...
$100,000 and over	515	...	...	1,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	225	...	...	805	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...	415	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...	375	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,125	...	...	5,265	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,632	...	...	86,741	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,789	...	...	75,365	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	740	...	...	2,370	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,000	...	...	82,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,496	...	...	71,406	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	1,875	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,992	...	...	110,490	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,712	...	...	94,447	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.5	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	860	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,384	...	...	48,320	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	31,808	...	...	44,416	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,060	...	...	5,250	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,226	...	...	94,985	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,055	...	...	80,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	695	...	...	2,390	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	107,465	...	...	90,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,987	...	...	76,345	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	1,880	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,275	...	...	118,993	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,905	...	...	100,310	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	855	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,566	...	...	56,245	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,616	...	...	49,737	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,130	1,580	1,550	2,915	1,585	1,325
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,088	36,480	30,784	33,463	40,960	27,968
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,436	33,152	28,523	30,066	36,181	25,421
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,140	1,540	1,595	2,925	1,575	1,345
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,863	48,636	43,190	43,652	51,243	34,775
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,190	40,114	36,335	37,286	42,717	30,933
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,705	2,840	2,870	17,840	9,045	8,790
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,105	1,455	1,650	8,860	4,255	4,605
In the bottom decile	1,330	615	710	1,830	865	965
In the second decile	685	315	370	1,800	825	975
In the third decile	410	210	205	1,705	820	890
In the fourth decile	335	155	175	1,720	840	880
In the fifth decile	350	160	190	1,800	900	900
In the top half of the distribution	2,610	1,385	1,225	8,980	4,790	4,185
In the sixth decile	360	185	175	1,845	950	890
In the seventh decile	440	215	220	1,995	1,060	935
In the eighth decile	490	250	240	2,020	1,070	950
In the ninth decile	575	315	260	1,905	1,050	860
In the top decile	740	420	325	1,215	655	560
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,710	2,835	2,870	17,305	8,750	8,555
0 to 17 years	360	185	175	3,535	1,845	1,695
0 to 5 years	160	80	80	1,170	635	535
18 to 64 years	4,680	2,360	2,325	10,855	5,455	5,405
65 years and over	670	295	370	2,910	1,455	1,460
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,670	775	895	2,390	1,085	1,305
0 to 17 years	155	80	75	635	320	310
0 to 5 years	65	30	30	245	135	110
18 to 64 years	1,150	540	615	1,315	585	735
65 years and over	360	155	210	435	175	260
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	29.2	27.3	31.2	13.8	12.4	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	43.1	43.2	42.9	18.0	17.3	18.3
0 to 5 years (%)	40.6	37.5	37.5	20.9	21.3	20.6
18 to 64 years (%)	24.6	22.9	26.5	12.1	10.7	13.6
65 years and over (%)	53.7	52.5	56.8	14.9	12.0	17.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,540	715	820	995	465	530
0 to 17 years	125	65	60	250	115	135
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	85	40	45
18 to 64 years	1,155	550	605	705	330	375
65 years and over	265	100	160	35	20	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	27.0	25.2	28.6	5.7	5.3	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	34.7	35.1	34.3	7.1	6.2	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	34.4	37.5	31.3	7.3	6.3	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	24.7	23.3	26.0	6.5	6.0	6.9
65 years and over (%)	39.6	33.9	43.2	1.2	1.4	1.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,545	2,700	2,845	17,835	9,050	8,790
Official languages	5,375	2,640	2,735	17,785	9,040	8,745
English	5,310	2,610	2,695	17,785	9,035	8,745
French	2,275	1,085	1,190	650	300	355
Non-official languages	1,820	880	935	1,915	900	1,020
Aboriginal languages	25	0	15	510	250	260
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	10	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	250	100	155
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	250	95	155
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	235	90	145
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	250	145	100
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	250	150	100
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,800	880	920	1,405	650	760
Afro-Asiatic languages	335	195	145	20	0	10
Berber languages	25	0	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	95	45	50	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	220	135	75	15	10	10
Amharic	25	15	0	10	10	0
Arabic	175	105	65	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	40	50	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	40	45	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	95	25	75
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	35	90	20	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	850	425	420	1,115	565	555
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	90	90	155	85	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	95	90	155	85	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	20	15	10
Czech	0	10	0	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	35	20	30	15	10
Russian	80	40	35	55	20	35
Serbian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	80	50	30	410	190	220
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	35	20	10
Dutch	0	0	10	80	40	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	45	25	280	125	155
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	190	105	85	350	185	165
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	60	350	185	160
Bengali	25	10	15	0	10	0
Gujarati	15	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	30	60	35	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	10	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	315	170	150
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	10	25	25	0
Iranian languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	70	40	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	410	190	215	220	105	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	30	45	55	30	25
Portuguese	20	15	10	40	15	20
Romanian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	300	145	160	135	60	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	10	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	75	20	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	45	65	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	15	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	10	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	25	20	0	0	10
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	35	10	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	140	175	30	10	20
Chinese languages	310	140	170	30	10	20
Cantonese	130	60	70	20	10	10
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	85	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	25	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	25	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,550	2,700	2,845	17,840	9,050	8,790
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,120	2,500	2,615	17,340	8,860	8,480
Canadian citizens aged under 18	300	165	140	3,625	1,890	1,735
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,815	2,340	2,480	13,710	6,965	6,740
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	425	200	225	500	190	310
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,545	2,700	2,845	17,835	9,045	8,790
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,985	1,980	2,000	16,275	8,325	7,945
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,410	635	780	1,470	685	780
Before 1981	175	85	85	795	420	370
1981 to 1990	255	145	115	165	60	110
1991 to 2000	410	185	225	140	55	85
2001 to 2010	375	140	235	135	70	70
2001 to 2005	205	105	105	85	45	40
2006 to 2010	170	35	130	55	25	35
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	195	75	120	230	90	140
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	145	80	65	95	35	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,410	630	780	1,470	690	780
Under 5 years	140	70	70	170	95	70
5 to 14 years	220	120	100	310	140	175
15 to 24 years	265	140	125	450	205	235
25 to 44 years	530	210	320	425	185	235
45 years and over	255	95	160	115	50	60
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,415	630	780	1,470	685	780
Americas	160	75	85	335	150	185
Brazil	10	0	0	0	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	15	0	15	10	10	0
Mexico	10	0	10	10	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	30	20	280	125	150
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	30	10	0	10
Europe	310	140	170	615	325	285
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	10	25	0	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	20	15	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	125	60	60
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Italy	20	15	10	15	15	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	65	40	25
Poland	15	10	15	15	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0	30	15	20
Romania	15	10	10	10	10	0
Russian Federation	20	0	10	15	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	110	60	55	190	95	95
Other places of birth in Europe	60	25	30	95	45	50
Africa	315	150	165	55	30	35
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	15	10	10	0
Somalia	60	35	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	40	20	25
Other places of birth in Africa	150	70	80	10	10	0
Asia	625	275	355	445	185	260
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	170	55	115	30	20	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	20	25	0	0	10
India	60	15	40	225	95	130
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	65	40	30	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	15	40	10	25
Lebanon	20	10	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	10	10	0
Philippines	60	25	30	90	20	65
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	30	30	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	45	20	25	20	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	200	75	120	230	90	140
Americas	25	0	15	15	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	10	15	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	0	10	40	20	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	15	15	0
Africa	70	25	45	40	20	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	15	10	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	10	0	0	0
Asia	75	35	45	135	45	95
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	25	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	25	10	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	75	25	50
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,545	2,700	2,845	17,835	9,050	8,790
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,680	790	890	1,620	755	865
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,030	555	470	2,735	1,375	1,360
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,840	1,355	1,485	13,480	6,915	6,565
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,255	555	705	705	280	425
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	565	260	305	385	165	225
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	235	105	135	150	75	80
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	325	155	170	240	90	150
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	340	120	225	300	100	195
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	345	175	170	20	15	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,545	2,700	2,845	17,840	9,045	8,790
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	225	100	130	3,625	1,770	1,855
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	220	90	130	3,560	1,735	1,830
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	115	45	70	2,800	1,360	1,445
Métis	75	35	40	750	370	380
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	20	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	20	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,315	2,600	2,715	14,215	7,280	6,935
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,545	2,700	2,845	17,835	9,045	8,790
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	70	40	35	2,400	1,155	1,245
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,475	2,665	2,810	15,440	7,890	7,545
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,550	2,700	2,845	17,840	9,045	8,790
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	50	20	30	1,560	790	770
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	50	20	30	1,555	790	765
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	10	15	1,455	740	715
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	100	50	50
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	265	115	150	2,295	1,125	1,165
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	255	105	150	2,180	1,100	1,080
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	70	95	1,585	800	785
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	40	45	570	280	290
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	115	30	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	110	25	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,230	2,570	2,670	13,985	7,130	6,855
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,545	2,700	2,845	17,840	9,050	8,790
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,490	690	800	890	405	490
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	205	90	115	425	235	190
Chinese	305	135	165	30	0	20
Black	400	180	220	75	20	50
Filipino	65	25	40	105	25	75
Latin American	95	45	50	15	0	15
Arab	135	85	45	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	115	50	60	35	25	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	75	50	30	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	60	20	40
Japanese	15	0	10	45	15	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	0	15	35	10	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	20	30	65	35	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,055	2,010	2,045	16,945	8,645	8,300
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,545	2,700	2,845	17,835	9,050	8,790
North American Aboriginal origins	315	135	180	3,850	1,915	1,935
First Nations (North American Indian)	190	80	110	3,160	1,565	1,595
Inuit	30	10	20	30	15	10
Métis	100	55	55	785	365	425
Other North American origins	1,335	655	685	5,240	2,675	2,565
Acadian	30	20	10	10	0	0
American	85	40	40	420	220	200
Canadian	1,280	625	660	4,985	2,540	2,445
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,680	1,830	1,845	12,925	6,585	6,335
British Isles origins	2,470	1,235	1,230	9,050	4,605	4,450
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	10	0	0
English	1,300	700	610	5,585	2,830	2,755
Irish	1,235	595	645	3,270	1,670	1,600
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,060	555	505	4,255	2,050	2,210
Welsh	115	55	60	545	275	270
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	215	75	140	265	145	120
French origins	1,125	540	585	2,255	1,050	1,205
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,125	545	585	2,255	1,045	1,205
Western European origins (except French origins)	720	335	385	4,455	2,290	2,165
Austrian	25	15	10	215	115	100
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	35	10	25	105	30	70
Dutch	180	70	110	1,040	575	465
Flemish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	475	220	255	3,265	1,675	1,590
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	30	10	15	165	85	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	0	10	0	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	215	120	95	1,630	865	765
Danish	55	35	20	190	115	80
Finnish	25	15	10	125	65	60
Icelandic	15	10	10	125	75	50
Norwegian	55	30	25	720	365	355
Swedish	70	40	30	590	285	300
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	15	10	65	40	20
Eastern European origins	565	265	305	2,425	1,205	1,225
Bulgarian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	25	15	0	85	30	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hungarian	70	30	40	200	95	110
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	0	15	10	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	225	120	100	550	265	290
Romanian	60	35	25	185	85	100
Russian	115	45	65	515	255	260
Slovak	0	10	0	20	10	15
Ukrainian	185	65	125	1,185	620	570
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	575	290	285	715	315	400
Albanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	20	100	55	45
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	25	30	20	0	15
Italian	295	180	120	415	195	220
Kosovar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	15	0	10	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	30	25	65	30	35
Serbian	30	10	20	10	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	75	45	35	115	35	75
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	60	25	35	110	65	40
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	45	10	30	20	20	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	90	50	40
Caribbean origins	110	40	70	55	30	25
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	25	0	25	15	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	10	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	95	35	50	140	85	55
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	30	15	15
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	0	10	0	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	10	0	85	50	35
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	10	0	0
African origins	510	260	250	85	35	55
Central and West African origins	75	35	40	20	0	15
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	10	20	10	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	10	0	10
North African origins	120	75	45	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	40	20	20	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	270	140	135	25	15	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	75	25	45	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	110	55	55	0	0	0
South African	15	10	10	15	15	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	20	30	45	15	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	15	30	40	10	30
Asian origins	1,045	505	540	875	390	485
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	285	180	100	60	15	45
Afghan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	45	35	10	0	10
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	55	20	35	40	10	35
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	10	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	30	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	225	105	120	425	220	200
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	140	60	85	390	205	185
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pakistani	40	20	10	15	15	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhalese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	540	225	315	395	155	240
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	15	10	0	0
Chinese	325	145	185	80	30	50
Filipino	80	30	55	110	30	75
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	15	80	30	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	80	25	55
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	45	45	30	25	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	160	85	80
Australian	10	0	10	60	25	40
New Zealander	0	0	0	45	30	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	50	25	25
Fijian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,885	...	...	7,620	...	...
Owner	870	...	...	5,420	...	...
Renter	3,015	...	...	2,125	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,885	...	...	7,620	...	...
Condominium	1,340	...	...	390	...	...
Not condominium	2,535	...	...	7,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,880	...	...	7,620	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	2,525	...	...	600	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,060	...	...	2,070	...	...
3 bedrooms	140	...	...	2,475	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	2,460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,880	...	...	7,620	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,275	...	...	1,770	...	...
5 rooms	345	...	...	1,200	...	...
6 rooms	145	...	...	1,040	...	...
7 rooms	60	...	...	990	...	...
8 or more rooms	50	...	...	2,620	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.4	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,880	...	...	7,620	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,840	...	...	7,555	...	...
More than 1 person per room	40	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,880	...	...	7,620	...	...
Suitable	3,710	...	...	7,375	...	...
Not suitable	165	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,880	...	...	7,620	...	...
1960 or before	700	...	...	620	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,025	...	...	4,010	...	...
1981 to 1990	390	...	...	1,090	...	...
1991 to 2000	410	...	...	1,115	...	...
2001 to 2005	335	...	...	265	...	...
2006 to 2010	345	...	...	320	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	670	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,880	...	...	7,620	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,565	...	...	7,070	...	...
Major repairs needed	320	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,880	...	...	7,620	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,020	...	...	4,645	...	...
2 household maintainers	785	...	...	2,815	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	75	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,885	...	...	7,620	...	...
15 to 24 years	375	...	...	345	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,285	...	...	985	...	...
35 to 44 years	610	...	...	1,275	...	...
45 to 54 years	565	...	...	1,400	...	...
55 to 64 years	530	...	...	1,655	...	...
65 to 74 years	325	...	...	1,180	...	...
75 to 84 years	150	...	...	610	...	...
85 years and over	30	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,875	...	...	7,325	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,520	...	...	6,220	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,355	...	...	1,100	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,160	...	...	950	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	870	...	...	5,265	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.3	...	...	55.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	27.7	...	...	8.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,780	...	...	721	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,845	...	...	901	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	390,774	...	...	229,979	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	425,525	...	...	247,958	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,015	...	...	2,085	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	32.7	...	...	14.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.0	...	...	32.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	970	...	...	821	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	973	...	...	852	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,260	2,555	2,705	14,790	7,460	7,335
No certificate, diploma or degree	445	200	235	3,590	2,010	1,575
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,070	525	545	5,035	2,305	2,730
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,745	1,825	1,920	6,170	3,140	3,030
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	200	85	110	1,875	1,490	385
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	125	40	80	775	475	305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	45	30	1,100	1,020	85
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	780	335	445	2,215	810	1,405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	35	20	540	150	385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,710	1,375	1,335	1,540	690	855
Bachelor's degree	1,530	745	785	1,045	450	600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	55	60	85	35	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	25	30	90	45	45
Master's degree	875	465	410	265	125	140
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	130	85	45	50	30	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,900	1,935	1,965	9,630	4,810	4,825
No certificate, diploma or degree	190	95	95	1,680	970	710
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	650	320	335	3,410	1,565	1,845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,060	1,525	1,540	4,545	2,275	2,270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	65	105	1,380	1,095	285
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	100	30	70	555	340	220
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	65	35	30	820	750	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	640	275	365	1,640	585	1,050
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	25	15	365	105	260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,220	1,160	1,060	1,160	490	675
Bachelor's degree	1,180	595	585	820	355	465
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	60	55	15	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	30	25	75	35	35
Master's degree	775	425	355	195	65	130
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	105	65	40	25	20	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,260	2,550	2,705	14,795	7,460	7,330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,515	725	790	8,620	4,315	4,305
Education	85	15	70	490	110	375
13. Education	85	15	70	485	110	375
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	55	110	105	45	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	20	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	35	110	90	30	60
Humanities	330	180	155	190	90	105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	20	25	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	80	40	45	55	20	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	35	30	55	25	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	50	40	15
54. History	60	40	20	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,020	480	535	435	140	300
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	20	10	10	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	50	90	25	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	10	10	120	10	115
22. Legal professions and studies	190	85	105	85	35	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	10	0	10
42. Psychology	105	35	75	50	15	35
45. Social sciences	515	280	230	135	70	65
Business, management and public administration	720	345	375	910	170	740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	65	35	105	20	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	615	280	335	805	155	655
Physical and life sciences and technologies	195	115	80	140	85	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	45	55	60	35	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	15	40	15	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	60	50	15	35	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	130	90	80	50	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	155	120	35	70	40	30
25. Library science	45	0	45	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	385	295	100	1,775	1,710	65
04. Architecture and related services	40	10	35	10	10	0
14. Engineering	220	170	50	120	110	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	55	50	0	145	135	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	30	0	495	475	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	15	10	710	685	25
48. Precision production	10	10	0	290	290	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	30	35	440	330	110
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	20	10	100	50	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	0	20	335	280	60
Health and related fields	375	100	270	1,080	185	900
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	10	25	55	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs	310	70	230	1,015	150	860
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	10	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	90	90	510	235	270
12. Personal and culinary services	105	40	65	310	65	250
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	60	40	25	45	30	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	145	140	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,900	1,935	1,965	9,630	4,805	4,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	840	415	425	5,090	2,530	2,560
Education	75	15	60	320	70	255
13. Education	80	15	60	320	70	250
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	135	55	85	85	35	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	10	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	115	30	85	75	30	40
Humanities	265	160	105	125	45	85
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	15	25	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	65	35	30	30	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	35	15	40	15	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	30	30	0
54. History	55	40	15	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	825	410	420	355	110	245
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	45	70	25	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	90	0	90
22. Legal professions and studies	170	70	100	65	15	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	10	10	0
42. Psychology	75	20	55	45	15	30
45. Social sciences	420	250	175	110	55	50
Business, management and public administration	610	290	325	665	120	540
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	60	25	80	15	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	515	225	295	585	110	475
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	90	60	75	35	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	40	30	25	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	10	30	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	35	10	10	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195	115	85	65	40	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	105	35	65	35	25
25. Library science	45	0	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	310	225	80	1,325	1,260	60
04. Architecture and related services	35	10	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	175	130	45	100	90	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	50	40	0	105	100	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	10	335	315	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	10	0	555	530	20
48. Precision production	15	15	0	225	225	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35	345	245	95
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	15	10	80	45	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	10	25	260	200	60
Health and related fields	295	95	205	785	130	660
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	0	20	55	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs	235	65	175	725	100	625
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	15	15	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	65	85	405	185	220
12. Personal and culinary services	90	35	55	260	55	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	45	20	30	40	25	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	10	105	95	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,260	2,550	2,705	14,790	7,460	7,330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,510	725	785	8,620	4,315	4,305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,745	1,830	1,920	6,170	3,145	3,025
Location of study inside Canada	3,130	1,495	1,630	5,725	2,925	2,800
Same as province or territory of residence	2,535	1,185	1,355	4,820	2,415	2,400
Different than province or territory of residence	590	315	280	905	510	395
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	620	330	290	450	215	230
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	70	45	165	85	80
Philippines	25	0	15	30	10	15
India	15	10	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	65	30	65	30	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	30	0	0	0
France	45	20	25	0	0	0
Other	270	140	135	170	90	80
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,900	1,935	1,965	9,635	4,805	4,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	840	415	425	5,090	2,535	2,555
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,060	1,520	1,540	4,545	2,275	2,270
Location of study inside Canada	2,550	1,250	1,295	4,240	2,145	2,090
Same as province or territory of residence	2,045	985	1,055	3,635	1,825	1,815
Different than province or territory of residence	500	265	235	600	325	280
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	515	270	245	305	130	175
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	50	40	90	30	55
Philippines	20	10	10	25	10	15
India	10	0	10	20	0	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	60	25	35	10	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	50	20	25	0	0	0
Other	245	125	120	135	70	65
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	5,260	2,555	2,710	14,790	7,455	7,330
In the labour force	3,830	1,925	1,905	9,690	5,330	4,360
Employed	3,565	1,805	1,760	8,845	4,745	4,100
Unemployed	265	120	140	840	590	255
Not in the labour force	1,430	625	800	5,105	2,130	2,975
Participation rate	72.8	75.3	70.3	65.5	71.5	59.5
Employment rate	67.8	70.6	64.9	59.8	63.6	55.9
Unemployment rate	6.9	6.2	7.3	8.7	11.1	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	5,260	2,555	2,705	14,790	7,460	7,335
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,370	600	770	4,615	1,925	2,695
Worked	3,890	1,950	1,940	10,175	5,540	4,640
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,210	1,165	1,040	4,775	2,805	1,970
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,685	785	900	5,400	2,730	2,675
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.5	44.9	44.0	41.5	41.8	41.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,830	1,925	1,905	9,690	5,330	4,360
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	70	35	40	150	75	75
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,760	1,890	1,870	9,540	5,255	4,280
Employee	3,520	1,765	1,760	8,475	4,605	3,865
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	235	125	110	1,065	650	415
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,835	1,925	1,910	9,690	5,330	4,360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	35	40	145	70	75
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,760	1,890	1,865	9,540	5,255	4,285
0 Management occupations	370	205	165	835	440	395
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	785	365	420	1,065	205	860
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	455	355	100	420	320	95
3 Health occupations	200	55	145	515	60	460
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	865	390	480	875	245	630
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	85	125	130	70	60
6 Sales and service occupations	740	335	410	2,155	695	1,465
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	85	85	10	2,100	1,980	125
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	20	0	765	655	105
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	685	590	95
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,830	1,925	1,910	9,690	5,330	4,360
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	35	40	145	75	75
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,755	1,890	1,865	9,545	5,255	4,285
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	10	0	835	675	160
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	595	540	60
22 Utilities	0	0	10	70	55	15
23 Construction	85	80	10	705	620	85
31-33 Manufacturing	40	25	10	1,010	875	135
41 Wholesale trade	50	40	10	250	205	45
44-45 Retail trade	275	80	190	1,300	535	765
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	35	10	455	365	90
51 Information and cultural industries	160	100	55	85	45	40
52 Finance and insurance	120	70	50	210	60	150
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	0	145	65	85
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	500	260	235	370	140	225
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	175	105	70	320	155	170
61 Educational services	300	145	155	520	170	350
62 Health care and social assistance	300	90	205	950	130	825
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	75	20	55	115	35	75
72 Accommodation and food services	325	155	170	640	175	465
81 Other services (except public administration)	200	100	100	440	215	230
91 Public administration	1,070	555	515	525	210	315
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,565	1,800	1,765	8,850	4,740	4,105
Worked at home	150	90	65	490	250	245
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	20	15	0
No fixed workplace address	205	135	70	1,160	950	205
Worked at usual place	3,205	1,570	1,630	7,170	3,525	3,645
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,200	1,575	1,625	7,170	3,525	3,645
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,975	1,450	1,525	4,035	1,905	2,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	2,980	1,525	1,460
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	10	20	130	80	45
Commute to a different province or territory	205	110	90	30	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,410	1,710	1,700	8,330	4,475	3,850
Car, truck, van - as a driver	710	440	270	6,775	3,555	3,225
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	50	20	30	590	330	255
Public transit	820	385	435	365	275	90
Walked	1,620	770	850	405	180	230
Bicycle	180	90	90	90	65	25
Other method	25	10	20	105	70	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,405	1,705	1,700	8,330	4,480	3,855
Less than 15 minutes	1,025	500	530	4,990	2,390	2,600
15 to 29 minutes	1,515	790	725	1,935	990	940
30 to 44 minutes	540	265	270	420	250	175
45 to 59 minutes	185	80	105	325	290	40
60 minutes and over	145	80	65	655	560	95
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,405	1,710	1,700	8,330	4,480	3,855
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	40	20	865	730	140
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	275	140	130	1,160	820	340
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	790	370	425	2,215	1,180	1,035
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,315	660	660	1,900	650	1,255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	500	245	260	795	215	585
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	470	260	205	1,390	880	505
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,955	1,970	1,985	10,555	5,695	4,860
Single responses	3,760	1,905	1,860	10,530	5,685	4,840
Official languages	3,730	1,885	1,845	10,515	5,685	4,830
English	3,625	1,845	1,780	10,500	5,675	4,825
French	100	40	60	15	15	0
Non-official languages	30	20	15	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	15	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	190	70	125	30	10	20
English and French	190	65	120	15	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,950	1,975	1,980	10,560	5,700	4,860
None	2,815	1,435	1,385	10,475	5,680	4,795
English	110	50	65	0	0	10
French	955	455	505	15	0	10
Non-official language	40	20	15	60	15	45
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	10	25
Non-Aboriginal	40	20	20	30	10	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,505	2,680	2,825	17,680	9,000	8,685
Non-movers	4,115	1,970	2,145	15,075	7,795	7,280
Movers	1,390	715	675	2,605	1,200	1,405
Non-migrants	990	505	485	1,660	800	860
Migrants	405	210	190	950	405	545
Internal migrants	315	160	160	865	380	490
Intraprovincial migrants	180	105	75	725	305	420
Interprovincial migrants	135	55	85	145	75	70
External migrants	85	55	30	80	25	50
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,430	2,655	2,770	16,900	8,545	8,355
Non-movers	1,860	915	945	10,340	5,310	5,030
Movers	3,565	1,740	1,830	6,555	3,235	3,320
Non-migrants	2,095	1,020	1,075	3,770	1,900	1,875
Migrants	1,475	720	755	2,785	1,340	1,445
Internal migrants	1,135	525	605	2,530	1,235	1,295
Intraprovincial migrants	615	280	335	2,045	995	1,050
Interprovincial migrants	520	245	275	485	240	245
External migrants	340	195	150	255	100	155

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. 5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Williams Lake [Census agglomeration], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Williams Lake [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census 5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Williams Lake [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
5050038.00 [Census tract], Ontario and Williams Lake [Census agglomeration], British Columbia