Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kingston [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and New Bandon, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kingston Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			New Bandon, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Kingston [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Map : Kingston [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : New Bandon, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	161,175	...	...	1,214	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	159,561	...	...	1,190^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	77,173	...	...	794	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	67,915	...	...	581	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	83.1	...	...	3.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,938.81	...	...	359.11	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	161,175	78,465	82,710	1,215	620	595
0 to 14 years	23,910	12,260	11,645	100	50	60
0 to 4 years	7,625	3,920	3,705	15	10	10
5 to 9 years	8,280	4,200	4,080	35	15	20
10 to 14 years	8,005	4,145	3,865	50	20	30
15 to 64 years	105,990	52,160	53,830	770	400	365
15 to 19 years	8,940	4,530	4,415	55	30	20
20 to 24 years	11,335	5,625	5,710	35	20	15
25 to 29 years	10,835	5,455	5,370	20	10	10
30 to 34 years	10,245	5,135	5,110	45	25	25
35 to 39 years	9,575	4,815	4,755	40	20	25
40 to 44 years	9,115	4,550	4,560	70	40	30
45 to 49 years	10,300	5,035	5,265	75	35	40
50 to 54 years	12,645	6,200	6,445	135	75	60
55 to 59 years	12,045	5,645	6,395	150	75	80
60 to 64 years	10,965	5,170	5,795	140	75	65
65 years and over	31,270	14,045	17,230	340	175	170
65 to 69 years	10,045	4,695	5,345	120	70	50
70 to 74 years	7,480	3,545	3,940	75	35	45
75 to 79 years	5,395	2,510	2,890	55	30	25
80 to 84 years	4,090	1,760	2,325	45	20	25
85 years and over	4,260	1,530	2,730	35	10	25
85 to 89 years	2,640	1,060	1,580	25	10	15
90 to 94 years	1,245	380	870	10	0	5
95 to 99 years	330	80	250	0	0	0
100 years and over	40	5	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	15.6	14.1	8.2	8.1	10.1
15 to 64 years	65.8	66.5	65.1	63.4	64.5	61.3
65 years and over	19.4	17.9	20.8	28.0	28.2	28.6
85 years and over	2.6	1.9	3.3	2.9	1.6	4.2
Average age of the population	42.5	41.4	43.6	51.8	51.8	51.8
Median age of the population	43.2	41.6	44.8	55.8	55.7	55.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
Single-detached house	39,180	...	...	535	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	8,690	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,740	...	...	30	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,365	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	4,245	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,100	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,895	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	145	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	300	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
1 person	19,870	...	...	185	...	...
2 persons	25,525	...	...	250	...	...
3 persons	10,140	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	8,360	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	4,015	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	156,465	...	...	1,215	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	137,265	66,205	71,060	1,110	575	540
Married or living common law	78,500	39,580	38,915	660	330	330
Married	63,540	32,170	31,375	535	265	265
Living common law	14,960	7,415	7,550	125	60	65
Not married and not living common law	58,765	26,625	32,140	450	240	205
Never married	36,405	18,985	17,415	280	170	105
Separated	4,505	2,075	2,430	30	15	15
Divorced	9,365	3,655	5,710	45	35	10
Widowed	8,495	1,905	6,590	95	20	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	45,555	...	...	385	...	...
2 persons	25,590	...	...	255	...	...
3 persons	9,365	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	7,745	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	2,845	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	45,550	...	...	380	...	...
Total couple families	38,035	...	...	325	...	...
Married couples	30,560	...	...	265	...	...
Common-law couples	7,480	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,520	...	...	55	...	...
Female parent	5,890	...	...	40	...	...
Male parent	1,625	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	38,035	...	...	330	...	...
Couples without children	20,865	...	...	215	...	...
Couples with children	17,170	...	...	115	...	...
1 child	7,230	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	7,225	...	...	40	...	...
3 or more children	2,715	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,515	...	...	55	...	...
1 child	4,725	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	2,135	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	655	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	31,155	13,850	17,310	245	135	105
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
One-census-family households	43,695	...	...	375	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	20,065	...	...	215	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	23,635	...	...	160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	920	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	23,295	...	...	200	...	...
One-person households	19,870	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,425	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	157,190	75,745	81,445	1,210	620	595
English only	136,990	66,735	70,255	410	215	200
French only	290	120	170	325	160	165
English and French	19,240	8,615	10,625	475	245	230
Neither English nor French	675	275	400	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	157,195	75,740	81,445	1,210	620	595
English	150,880	72,770	78,115	530	260	260
French	5,100	2,450	2,650	685	355	330
English and French	575	270	305	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	635	255	380	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5,385	2,585	2,800	685	355	330
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.4	3.4	3.4	56.6	57.3	55.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	157,190	75,740	81,450	1,215	620	595
Single responses	155,225	74,835	80,390	1,210	615	590
Official languages	141,405	68,335	73,075	1,205	615	590
English	136,340	65,900	70,440	515	260	260
French	5,065	2,435	2,635	685	355	330
Non-official languages	13,815	6,500	7,310	5	5	0
Aboriginal languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,785	6,490	7,295	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	915	480	440	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	890	460	425	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	835	440	395	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	230	110	120	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	80	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	525	165	360	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	10	35	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	5	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	410	135	280	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	240	130	115	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	95	50	50	0	0	0
Tamil	105	55	45	0	0	0
Telugu	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,905	4,245	4,660	5	0	0
Albanian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,325	590	735	0	0	0
Baltic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Czech	140	60	80	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	490	210	280	0	0	0
Russian	265	120	140	0	0	0
Serbian	70	30	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	45	25	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	150	65	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	15	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,080	925	1,155	5	0	0
Afrikaans	35	20	20	0	0	0
Danish	105	55	55	0	0	0
Dutch	805	375	425	0	0	0
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	1,030	435	595	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	350	175	180	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,720	905	815	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,250	665	585	0	0	0
Bengali	195	105	90	0	0	0
Gujarati	175	85	90	0	0	0
Hindi	210	120	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	5	10	0	0	0
Marathi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	40	20	25	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	205	105	95	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Urdu	340	185	155	0	0	0
Iranian languages	450	240	215	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	425	225	200	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,350	1,615	1,730	0	0	0
Catalan	15	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	625	315	305	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,725	845	880	0	0	0
Romanian	95	35	60	0	0	0
Spanish	885	410	480	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	110	35	75	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	415	175	235	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	125	70	60	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	5	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	15	0	5	0
American Sign Language	25	15	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,850	865	980	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,815	850	965	0	0	0
Cantonese	455	220	235	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,185	550	630	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	105	45	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	85	50	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	75	45	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	260	105	150	0	0	5
Estonian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Finnish	65	20	45	0	0	0
Hungarian	160	75	80	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,965	910	1,060	5	5	0
English and French	720	325	390	5	0	5
English and non-official language	1,080	510	570	0	0	0
French and non-official language	100	40	55	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	30	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	157,190	75,745	81,445	1,215	620	595
Single responses	154,245	74,390	79,860	1,205	615	585
Official languages	149,070	71,955	77,115	1,200	610	585
English	146,640	70,770	75,870	540	270	270
French	2,435	1,185	1,245	655	345	315
Non-official languages	5,175	2,430	2,745	5	5	0
Aboriginal languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,165	2,425	2,735	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	455	220	235	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	455	220	235	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	450	215	230	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	50	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	40	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	65	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	55	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,855	1,345	1,510	0	0	0
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	395	175	215	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	380	175	205	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	145	65	85	0	0	0
Russian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	195	85	110	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	55	25	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	95	40	55	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	145	75	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	845	420	430	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	580	280	300	0	0	0
Bengali	115	60	60	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	35	45	0	0	0
Hindi	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	50	50	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	155	75	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	265	135	130	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	245	130	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,265	580	685	0	0	0
Catalan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	145	60	85	0	0	0
Portuguese	695	325	370	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	390	175	210	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	255	115	140	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	20	10	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,050	500	550	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,040	495	545	0	0	0
Cantonese	215	100	115	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	760	365	390	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,945	1,355	1,590	10	5	5
English and French	500	245	260	10	5	5
English and non-official language	2,310	1,060	1,245	5	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	100	40	60	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	157,190	75,740	81,445	1,210	620	595
None	144,885	70,055	74,825	1,125	575	550
English	3,645	1,755	1,890	45	25	20
French	3,355	1,465	1,890	30	15	15
Non-official language	5,025	2,335	2,685	5	5	0
Aboriginal	45	25	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,975	2,310	2,665	0	5	0
English and French	80	35	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	60	30	35	0	0	5
French and non-official language	140	60	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	132,580	63,235	69,345	1,110	575	535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	127,915	60,940	66,970	1,070	555	515
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,174	42,073	31,687	26,912	34,432	20,864
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	127,960	60,945	67,015	1,070	555	515
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,607	37,418	28,784	25,056	30,912	20,045
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	115,700	55,735	59,970	865	470	400
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,979	40,581	28,443	21,312	27,712	15,392
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,705	41,580	52,125	915	485	435
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,506	5,710	6,846	11,866	13,600	10,464
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,545	46,835	46,710	695	390	305
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,041	36,064	28,727	20,416	24,384	16,640
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	132,580	63,245	69,335	1,080	535	545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	127,870	60,930	66,940	1,040	530	510
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,125	54,311	40,584	39,591	51,275	27,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	127,905	60,930	66,975	1,040	530	515
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,455	44,778	34,612	33,237	41,587	24,657
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	115,780	55,725	60,055	855	470	390
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,612	53,799	38,014	35,335	43,642	25,328
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,615	41,325	52,290	930	490	440
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,958	7,531	8,296	11,816	13,597	9,838
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,545	46,840	46,710	730	410	320
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,805	47,318	36,276	34,144	40,063	26,460
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	132,580	63,245	69,335	1,080	535	545
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	44,065	23,690	20,380	165	65	95
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,023	59,347	49,627	43,315	39,884	43,343
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,859	67,135	55,726	52,450	56,130	49,888
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.4	90.2	84.0	72.9	75.0	67.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.5	67.4	63.2	57.9	58.6	56.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.6	9.8	16.0	27.0	24.2	32.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	132,575	63,235	69,345	1,110	575	535
Without total income	4,665	2,300	2,370	45	20	20
With total income	127,910	60,935	66,975	1,065	555	515
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.6	95.9	96.5	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,190	7,160	9,035	140	50	95
$10,000 to $19,999	21,450	8,570	12,885	250	100	150
$20,000 to $29,999	17,085	6,955	10,130	190	85	105
$30,000 to $39,999	14,730	6,460	8,270	160	95	60
$40,000 to $49,999	13,285	6,115	7,170	105	60	40
$50,000 to $59,999	10,835	5,395	5,440	50	30	15
$60,000 to $69,999	8,835	4,975	3,855	35	25	5
$70,000 to $79,999	6,570	3,790	2,780	30	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	5,255	3,025	2,230	30	15	15
$90,000 to $99,999	3,840	2,155	1,680	20	15	5
$100,000 and over	9,835	6,335	3,500	55	55	5
$100,000 to $149,999	6,885	4,275	2,610	40	35	5
$150,000 and over	2,950	2,055	890	20	20	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	132,580	63,235	69,340	1,110	575	535
Without after-tax income	4,625	2,295	2,330	40	20	25
With after-tax income	127,955	60,945	67,015	1,070	555	510
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.4	96.6	96.4	96.5	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,970	7,310	9,665	145	45	95
$10,000 to $19,999	22,470	8,985	13,485	265	110	160
$20,000 to $29,999	19,800	8,230	11,565	240	115	125
$30,000 to $39,999	17,535	7,925	9,615	160	100	60
$40,000 to $49,999	15,330	7,315	8,015	85	60	30
$50,000 to $59,999	11,645	6,535	5,110	45	30	15
$60,000 to $69,999	8,375	4,900	3,475	40	30	15
$70,000 to $79,999	5,805	3,275	2,530	30	20	10
$80,000 and over	10,030	6,470	3,565	50	45	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,455	2,015	1,440	15	15	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,910	1,240	670	5	10	0
$100,000 and over	4,665	3,215	1,450	25	30	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	132,580	63,235	69,340	1,110	575	535
Without employment income	39,030	16,400	22,630	415	180	235
With employment income	93,550	46,835	46,710	695	390	305
Percentage with employment income	70.6	74.1	67.4	62.6	67.8	57.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	15,310	7,595	7,710	105	55	45
$5,000 to $9,999	7,825	3,500	4,320	80	35	40
$10,000 to $19,999	12,105	5,370	6,735	160	85	75
$20,000 to $29,999	9,595	4,380	5,215	90	50	45
$30,000 to $39,999	8,985	4,080	4,910	80	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	8,570	3,925	4,645	40	25	20
$50,000 to $59,999	7,185	3,580	3,605	25	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	6,095	3,540	2,555	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	4,620	2,725	1,895	30	15	15
$80,000 and over	13,265	8,150	5,115	80	60	20
$80,000 to $89,999	3,895	2,210	1,685	25	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,960	1,605	1,350	20	15	5
$100,000 and over	6,410	4,335	2,075	40	35	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,195	...	...	50,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,652	...	...	45,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	19,865	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,960	...	...	25,536	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,320	...	...	23,573	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	48,045	...	...	395	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,128	...	...	67,925	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,794	...	...	61,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	88,727	...	...	70,874	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,306	...	...	59,499	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	19,840	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,542	...	...	30,598	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,960	...	...	26,859	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	48,075	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,307	...	...	91,346	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,065	...	...	76,089	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	67,915	...	...	585	...	...
Under $5,000	905	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	940	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,045	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,425	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,770	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,660	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,785	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,820	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,765	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,770	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,425	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,065	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,660	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,375	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,895	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	21,610	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,515	...	...	45	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,055	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5,315	...	...	35	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,725	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
Under $5,000	970	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	960	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,065	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,550	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,080	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,965	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,280	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,315	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,410	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,315	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,445	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,955	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5,305	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,735	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,925	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,655	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,910	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,045	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,700	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	45,235	...	...	390	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,381	...	...	67,925	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,737	...	...	61,696	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	19,635	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,230	...	...	60,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,049	...	...	54,016	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	17,370	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,444	...	...	102,144	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,745	...	...	88,064	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,055	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,512	...	...	47,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,415	...	...	42,816	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	45,335	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,021	...	...	92,562	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,189	...	...	76,956	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	19,700	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,937	...	...	89,921	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,493	...	...	72,888	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	17,330	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,688	...	...	116,106	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,701	...	...	97,041	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,050	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,046	...	...	50,531	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,474	...	...	46,735	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	28,260	12,670	15,590	210	120	95
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,661	30,356	30,870	25,376	29,632	21,675
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,309	27,896	28,626	23,136	26,336	21,632
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	27,915	12,515	15,400	220	110	115
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,053	43,291	41,047	29,576	34,899	24,645
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,929	36,758	35,256	26,098	29,499	22,947
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	156,470	75,490	80,975	1,215	620	595
In the bottom half of the distribution	73,490	34,450	39,040	740	365	375
In the bottom decile	15,645	7,385	8,260	95	50	50
In the second decile	14,080	6,280	7,800	200	90	110
In the third decile	13,885	6,470	7,410	185	90	90
In the fourth decile	14,700	7,015	7,690	130	70	65
In the fifth decile	15,180	7,295	7,885	130	70	65
In the top half of the distribution	82,975	41,040	41,935	475	255	220
In the sixth decile	16,425	7,980	8,440	115	60	55
In the seventh decile	16,575	8,165	8,410	105	60	50
In the eighth decile	17,755	8,850	8,910	90	50	40
In the ninth decile	17,600	8,740	8,860	100	55	50
In the top decile	14,615	7,305	7,315	65	35	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	156,465	75,485	80,980	1,210	620	595
0 to 17 years	28,925	14,870	14,055	145	70	75
0 to 5 years	9,240	4,780	4,465	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	98,525	47,390	51,135	725	380	345
65 years and over	29,015	13,225	15,790	340	170	170
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	20,790	9,440	11,350	230	105	120
0 to 17 years	4,485	2,280	2,200	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	1,665	840	820	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	13,700	6,250	7,455	100	55	50
65 years and over	2,605	910	1,695	100	45	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.3	12.5	14.0	19.0	16.9	20.2
0 to 17 years (%)	15.5	15.3	15.7	17.2	14.3	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	17.6	18.4	20.0	0.0	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	13.2	14.6	13.8	14.5	14.5
65 years and over (%)	9.0	6.9	10.7	29.4	26.5	35.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	12,485	5,965	6,515	45	25	20
0 to 17 years	2,110	1,060	1,055	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	795	390	410	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,855	4,685	5,170	40	20	15
65 years and over	520	225	295	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	7.9	8.0	3.7	4.0	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	7.3	7.1	7.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.2	9.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.0	9.9	10.1	5.5	5.3	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.7	1.9	1.5	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	156,465	75,490	80,975	1,215	580	630
Official languages	155,790	75,190	80,600	1,210	580	635
English	155,510	75,035	80,475	895	430	465
French	19,465	8,885	10,580	810	380	430
Non-official languages	19,010	8,890	10,120	25	15	0
Aboriginal languages	85	20	60	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	55	15	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	30	0	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	15	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	0	15	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,930	8,870	10,065	25	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,335	715	615	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,320	710	615	0	0	0
Amharic	20	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	1,175	625	545	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	105	60	45	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	305	145	160	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	70	30	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	120	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	640	200	445	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	15	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	70	35	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	555	155	400	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	30	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	335	185	150	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	40	50	0	0	0
Tamil	185	105	75	0	0	0
Telugu	60	35	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,860	6,045	6,810	20	15	10
Albanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Armenian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,665	720	940	0	0	0
Baltic languages	50	15	35	0	0	0
Latvian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,625	715	910	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Czech	220	100	125	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	640	270	370	0	0	0
Russian	430	210	230	0	0	0
Serbian	100	40	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slovak	75	40	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	165	75	95	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	25	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	25	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,245	1,450	1,795	10	0	10
Afrikaans	75	35	40	0	0	0
Danish	130	60	70	0	0	0
Dutch	900	410	490	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	0	0	0	0
German	2,120	950	1,170	10	0	10
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	85	35	50	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	465	240	225	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,220	1,185	1,035	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,715	910	810	0	0	0
Bengali	245	140	105	0	0	0
Gujarati	280	145	135	0	0	0
Hindi	780	405	375	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nepali	25	10	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	350	190	160	0	0	0
Sindhi	50	30	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Urdu	535	305	235	0	0	0
Iranian languages	530	280	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	30	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	470	255	220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,590	2,610	2,985	10	10	0
Catalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	1,105	540	565	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,180	1,090	1,085	0	0	0
Romanian	90	45	45	10	0	0
Spanish	2,460	1,040	1,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Japanese	180	85	95	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	495	240	255	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	270	120	145	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	80	30	50	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	20	0	10	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	60	35	30	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	15	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	20	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	270	105	165	0	0	0
American Sign Language	200	65	135	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,185	1,040	1,140	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,155	1,020	1,135	0	0	0
Cantonese	650	295	355	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,485	700	785	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	20	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	155	70	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Burmese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	15	30	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	175	95	80	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	165	90	80	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	295	120	170	0	0	0
Estonian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Finnish	130	55	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	135	60	75	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	15	25	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	156,465	75,490	80,975	1,215	580	635
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	150,945	72,825	78,115	1,210	575	635
Canadian citizens aged under 18	28,350	14,590	13,760	165	55	110
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	122,590	58,235	64,355	1,045	520	525
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,525	2,665	2,865	0	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	156,465	75,490	80,980	1,215	580	635
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	136,360	65,905	70,450	1,180	565	615
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	18,400	8,690	9,715	30	10	20
Before 1981	9,065	4,245	4,825	15	0	0
1981 to 1990	2,045	960	1,085	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	2,255	1,110	1,150	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	3,315	1,565	1,750	10	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,590	765	830	10	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,720	800	920	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,720	805	915	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,710	900	815	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	18,400	8,690	9,715	30	15	20
Under 5 years	2,380	1,150	1,230	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	3,810	1,920	1,885	10	0	10
15 to 24 years	4,155	1,745	2,410	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	6,940	3,345	3,600	10	0	0
45 years and over	1,115	525	595	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	18,405	8,685	9,715	30	10	15
Americas	2,790	1,260	1,530	10	0	10
Brazil	110	50	60	0	0	0
Colombia	70	20	55	0	0	0
El Salvador	180	85	95	0	0	0
Guyana	80	30	55	0	0	0
Haiti	35	15	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	185	95	90	0	0	0
Mexico	135	60	70	0	0	0
Peru	40	10	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	95	45	50	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,485	655	830	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	375	195	180	0	0	0
Europe	9,395	4,415	4,975	20	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	15	25	0	0	0
Croatia	30	25	15	0	0	0
France	135	70	65	0	0	0
Germany	830	300	525	10	0	10
Greece	185	115	70	0	0	0
Hungary	80	45	35	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	140	65	70	0	0	0
Italy	450	235	215	0	0	0
Netherlands	800	400	400	0	0	0
Poland	375	185	195	0	0	0
Portugal	1,325	675	650	0	0	0
Romania	75	40	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	120	30	90	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	70	35	40	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	45	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,805	1,785	2,020	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	850	355	490	0	0	0
Africa	1,150	585	565	0	0	0
Algeria	40	15	25	0	0	0
Egypt	265	150	115	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	60	30	35	0	0	0
Morocco	60	25	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	35	30	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	165	85	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	465	225	240	0	0	0
Asia	4,900	2,330	2,570	0	0	0
Afghanistan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	115	75	45	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	970	425	550	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	135	60	75	0	0	0
India	790	395	400	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	295	170	125	0	0	0
Iraq	90	55	30	0	0	0
Japan	85	25	60	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	350	175	175	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	45	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	375	190	185	0	0	0
Philippines	560	185	375	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	145	70	70	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	75	35	40	0	0	0
Viet Nam	160	75	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	610	315	300	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	170	100	70	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,720	805	915	0	0	0
Americas	280	145	135	0	0	0
Brazil	60	30	30	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	20	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	55	60	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	30	20	0	0	0
Europe	245	110	135	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	130	65	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	30	35	0	0	0
Africa	210	105	105	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	30	10	20	0	0	0
Egypt	50	30	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	20	0	0	0
Asia	970	445	530	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	190	80	110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	145	65	75	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	110	55	60	0	0	0
Iraq	30	20	15	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	45	20	25	0	0	0
Philippines	140	45	95	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	15	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkey	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	35	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	10	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	156,465	75,490	80,980	1,215	580	635
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	21,405	10,220	11,185	35	15	20
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	24,905	12,175	12,730	20	15	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	110,155	53,100	57,060	1,155	545	605
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	9,590	4,550	5,040	20	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,460	2,730	2,730	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,140	1,410	730	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,315	1,320	2,000	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,970	1,190	1,780	0	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,130	605	525	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	156,465	75,490	80,980	1,215	580	635
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,585	2,645	2,940	30	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,340	2,510	2,835	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,440	1,605	1,835	0	0	0
Métis	1,850	875	975	20	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	105	65	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	140	70	65	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	150,880	72,845	78,030	1,185	560	625
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	156,465	75,490	80,975	1,215	580	635
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,475	745	730	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	154,995	74,750	80,245	1,200	575	630
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	156,465	75,485	80,975	1,210	575	635
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,045	505	540	20	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,025	495	530	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	785	360	425	15	0	0
Métis single ancestry	220	130	95	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,705	3,695	4,010	20	10	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,530	3,625	3,905	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,630	2,645	2,985	15	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,840	945	895	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	180	75	105	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	65	100	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	147,715	71,290	76,430	1,175	560	620
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	156,465	75,490	80,975	1,215	580	635
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	12,340	6,165	6,170	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,590	1,385	1,205	0	0	0
Chinese	2,595	1,245	1,350	0	0	0
Black	1,945	1,035	910	0	0	0
Filipino	820	325	500	0	0	0
Latin American	945	405	535	0	0	0
Arab	1,020	560	465	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	560	255	305	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	465	255	210	0	0	0
Korean	525	265	260	0	0	0
Japanese	210	85	130	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	175	95	85	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	480	255	225	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	144,125	69,325	74,810	1,215	575	635
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	156,465	75,485	80,975	1,215	575	635
North American Aboriginal origins	8,750	4,200	4,545	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,595	3,085	3,510	30	20	10
Inuit	90	45	50	0	0	0
Métis	2,255	1,155	1,100	10	10	0
Other North American origins	60,105	29,150	30,960	785	355	425
Acadian	420	220	195	70	45	25
American	2,265	1,120	1,140	0	0	0
Canadian	58,435	28,320	30,115	740	330	410
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	155	85	75	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	80	50	30	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	117,800	56,055	61,740	600	310	295
British Isles origins	91,960	43,520	48,435	405	200	200
Channel Islander	30	15	15	10	0	0
Cornish	20	10	15	0	0	0
English	51,555	24,100	27,460	80	35	45
Irish	44,405	20,540	23,870	365	190	175
Manx	50	15	40	0	0	0
Scottish	39,150	18,335	20,815	200	110	95
Welsh	3,730	1,670	2,050	10	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	5,695	2,625	3,065	0	0	10
French origins	22,660	10,730	11,925	225	125	100
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	22,645	10,725	11,920	225	125	95
Western European origins (except French origins)	26,255	12,320	13,940	20	10	20
Austrian	895	415	485	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	565	280	280	0	0	0
Dutch	9,750	4,550	5,195	10	0	10
Flemish	55	30	20	0	0	0
Frisian	45	15	25	0	0	0
German	16,560	7,820	8,735	15	0	15
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	590	305	285	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	4,720	2,295	2,430	0	0	0
Danish	1,280	620	660	0	0	0
Finnish	860	420	440	0	0	0
Icelandic	305	160	145	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,205	630	580	0	0	0
Swedish	1,210	505	700	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	210	130	80	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	11,565	5,300	6,265	10	10	10
Bulgarian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	660	310	350	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	175	60	115	0	0	0
Estonian	155	60	95	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,210	620	590	10	0	10
Latvian	200	65	140	0	0	0
Lithuanian	300	160	140	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	4,620	2,120	2,500	0	0	0
Romanian	565	275	295	0	0	0
Russian	1,350	575	775	0	0	0
Slovak	365	175	190	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,510	1,585	1,925	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins	12,055	6,020	6,035	0	0	0
Albanian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	300	195	110	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	15	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,005	530	475	0	0	0
Italian	5,240	2,560	2,680	0	0	0
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Maltese	155	85	70	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,935	2,060	1,870	0	0	0
Serbian	195	90	105	0	0	0
Sicilian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Slovenian	115	50	60	0	0	0
Spanish	1,235	540	695	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	165	70	90	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	810	410	400	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	425	225	200	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	320	155	160	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,305	680	625	0	0	0
Antiguan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	135	70	70	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	105	50	55	0	0	0
Dominican	40	25	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Jamaican	610	340	270	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	140	55	85	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	90	60	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,510	720	790	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	70	25	45	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	155	75	75	0	0	0
Chilean	35	15	20	0	0	0
Colombian	125	30	90	0	0	0
Costa Rican	40	10	40	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	65	30	35	0	0	0
Guyanese	135	70	60	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	0	25	0	0	0
Honduran	40	20	20	0	0	0
Maya	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mexican	330	185	140	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	50	10	40	0	0	0
Salvadorean	185	95	90	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	75	55	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	110	30	70	0	0	0
African origins	2,300	1,125	1,175	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	410	190	225	0	0	0
Akan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	85	35	55	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	15	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	20	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	45	25	15	0	0	0
North African origins	820	395	425	0	0	0
Algerian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Berber	55	15	30	0	0	0
Coptic	25	20	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	450	230	225	0	0	0
Libyan	45	20	30	0	0	0
Maure	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	115	40	70	0	0	0
Sudanese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	20	25	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	520	275	245	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	65	35	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	45	35	0	0	0	0
South African	260	120	145	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ugandan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	590	280	315	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	530	255	280	0	0	0
Asian origins	9,980	4,985	4,995	0	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,115	1,190	925	10	0	0
Afghan	75	40	35	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	400	220	180	0	0	0
Armenian	100	45	55	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	580	340	235	0	0	0
Iraqi	95	60	35	0	0	0
Israeli	65	25	35	0	0	0
Jordanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	345	195	150	0	0	0
Palestinian	120	75	50	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	105	50	60	0	0	0
Syrian	115	65	55	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	170	100	70	0	0	0
Turkmen	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	25	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,820	1,510	1,305	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	95	40	50	0	0	0
Bengali	45	15	30	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,985	1,075	905	0	0	0
Goan	35	20	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	35	10	25	0	0	0
Nepali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	420	220	200	0	0	0
Punjabi	65	30	35	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	160	90	75	0	0	0
Tamil	40	35	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	75	40	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,180	2,395	2,790	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	115	40	70	0	0	0
Chinese	3,015	1,440	1,580	0	0	0
Filipino	930	375	555	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Japanese	275	120	150	0	0	0
Karen	25	15	10	0	0	0
Korean	560	275	280	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	35	30	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	20	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	310	160	145	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	10	45	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	15	45	0	0	0
Oceania origins	320	185	130	0	0	0
Australian	205	130	70	0	0	0
New Zealander	75	45	35	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	10	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
Owner	44,525	...	...	510	...	...
Renter	23,385	...	...	70	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
Condominium	3,685	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	64,225	...	...	570	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
No bedrooms	270	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	7,575	...	...	70	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,440	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	26,225	...	...	225	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	17,400	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	67,915	...	...	585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	16,010	...	...	115	...	...
5 rooms	9,720	...	...	110	...	...
6 rooms	10,260	...	...	80	...	...
7 rooms	9,940	...	...	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	21,985	...	...	205	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
One person or fewer per room	67,605	...	...	575	...	...
More than 1 person per room	310	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
Suitable	66,055	...	...	575	...	...
Not suitable	1,860	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
1960 or before	15,805	...	...	205	...	...
1961 to 1980	21,355	...	...	225	...	...
1981 to 1990	10,785	...	...	80	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,890	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,335	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,255	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,480	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	67,915	...	...	585	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	63,790	...	...	505	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,125	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	67,915	...	...	585	...	...
1 household maintainer	38,970	...	...	400	...	...
2 household maintainers	27,375	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,570	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	67,915	...	...	580	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,220	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	9,815	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,780	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,880	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	13,250	...	...	145	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,565	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,920	...	...	95	...	...
85 years and over	2,480	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	67,440	...	...	575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	49,885	...	...	520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	17,555	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	15,435	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	44,130	...	...	505	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.8	...	...	42.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.2	...	...	8.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,211	...	...	394	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,298	...	...	517	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,503	...	...	70,050	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	355,797	...	...	87,272	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,360	...	...	75	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	995	...	...	433	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,060	...	...	588	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	132,575	63,245	69,335	1,075	535	545
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,440	9,605	8,835	375	175	195
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	37,460	18,960	18,500	240	125	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	76,675	34,675	42,000	465	235	230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,410	6,155	2,255	100	75	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,805	2,325	1,480	65	40	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,605	3,830	780	40	30	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	32,850	12,540	20,310	235	120	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,975	740	1,240	25	10	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	33,445	15,250	18,195	100	30	70
Bachelor's degree	19,820	8,205	11,615	65	20	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,735	735	1,000	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,535	845	690	10	0	0
Master's degree	7,230	3,385	3,840	20	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	3,130	2,075	1,050	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	83,535	39,920	43,615	695	345	350
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,420	3,720	2,695	190	100	90
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,110	11,315	9,795	155	80	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,005	24,885	31,125	350	170	175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,550	4,035	1,515	75	55	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,555	1,525	1,030	55	35	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,000	2,515	485	20	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,720	9,660	15,065	195	95	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,145	475	670	15	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,585	10,710	13,875	70	20	55
Bachelor's degree	14,310	5,695	8,615	40	10	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,170	470	695	10	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,295	655	645	10	0	10
Master's degree	5,600	2,535	3,070	15	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,205	1,355	850	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	132,580	63,245	69,335	1,075	540	545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	55,905	28,565	27,335	615	300	315
Education	5,060	1,265	3,795	40	10	25
13. Education	5,065	1,265	3,795	40	15	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,575	1,040	1,535	10	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	410	335	80	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,170	710	1,460	10	0	10
Humanities	4,805	2,020	2,790	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	385	110	275	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	1,360	385	975	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	925	390	535	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	60	30	30	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	350	175	175	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	470	295	180	0	0	0
54. History	1,015	605	410	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	235	35	205	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,365	3,480	6,885	15	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	170	50	115	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	730	275	455	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,890	185	1,705	0	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,470	550	920	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	765	150	620	0	0	0
42. Psychology	2,050	565	1,485	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,290	1,705	1,585	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	12,390	4,495	7,900	60	0	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,635	380	1,250	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,735	4,100	6,635	55	0	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,905	2,015	1,890	10	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,040	825	1,210	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	395	175	220	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,320	955	360	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	125	45	80	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,735	1,755	980	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,960	1,360	600	20	10	10
25. Library science	180	25	150	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	570	355	220	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,180	12,195	980	155	155	0
04. Architecture and related services	395	275	120	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,260	2,705	555	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,060	2,865	195	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,135	3,105	30	25	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,445	2,405	35	50	55	0
48. Precision production	875	830	40	45	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,060	685	370	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	585	395	190	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	475	295	180	0	0	0
Health and related fields	15,135	2,870	12,265	80	0	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,060	525	535	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	13,490	1,990	11,505	75	0	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	580	355	230	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,455	2,860	2,590	45	35	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,700	790	1,910	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	205	180	20	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	175	165	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,835	1,215	615	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	535	505	30	20	20	0
Other	10	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	83,535	39,920	43,615	695	350	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	27,525	15,035	12,490	345	175	170
Education	3,185	810	2,375	25	0	20
13. Education	3,185	810	2,375	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,865	695	1,165	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	285	225	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,580	465	1,110	0	10	0
Humanities	3,025	1,315	1,710	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	245	65	180	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	800	215	585	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	570	255	315	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	10	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	250	140	110	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	295	185	110	0	0	10
54. History	700	430	275	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	145	20	125	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,015	2,535	5,480	15	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	120	40	80	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	590	250	345	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,465	120	1,345	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,195	390	800	10	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	615	110	505	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,555	405	1,155	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,480	1,225	1,255	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	9,325	3,310	6,010	60	0	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,270	275	995	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,035	3,025	5,010	50	0	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,760	1,275	1,485	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,560	590	965	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	290	115	175	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	815	545	275	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	20	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,140	1,395	745	10	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,655	1,140	515	15	10	10
25. Library science	90	15	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	365	220	140	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,325	8,485	835	120	115	0
04. Architecture and related services	300	205	95	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,330	1,850	485	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,255	2,090	160	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,135	2,110	25	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,695	1,665	35	40	40	0
48. Precision production	595	565	30	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	800	490	310	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	420	265	155	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	380	220	160	0	0	0
Health and related fields	11,280	2,265	9,010	50	0	50
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	780	425	360	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	10,040	1,595	8,445	50	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	460	250	210	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,290	2,305	1,985	35	30	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,000	600	1,400	10	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	170	150	15	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	135	130	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,545	1,010	530	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	435	405	30	25	20	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	132,580	63,245	69,335	1,075	535	545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55,900	28,565	27,335	620	300	315
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	76,680	34,680	41,995	465	235	230
Location of study inside Canada	68,630	30,620	38,010	440	220	220
Same as province or territory of residence	60,910	27,185	33,720	350	185	165
Different than province or territory of residence	7,725	3,435	4,290	90	35	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,040	4,055	3,990	25	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,035	1,105	930	10	10	10
Philippines	340	70	270	0	0	0
India	445	215	230	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,595	955	640	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	410	215	200	0	0	0
France	130	70	55	0	0	0
Other	3,095	1,425	1,665	15	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	83,535	39,920	43,610	700	350	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,525	15,035	12,490	345	175	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	56,010	24,885	31,120	350	175	180
Location of study inside Canada	50,800	22,410	28,395	335	165	170
Same as province or territory of residence	45,325	20,045	25,280	280	145	135
Different than province or territory of residence	5,475	2,365	3,110	55	20	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,210	2,480	2,730	20	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,290	635	655	10	0	0
Philippines	250	50	200	0	0	0
India	320	140	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	720	440	280	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	355	190	165	0	0	0
France	80	50	30	0	0	0
Other	2,200	975	1,225	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	132,580	63,245	69,335	1,080	535	545
In the labour force	83,430	41,865	41,565	640	350	290
Employed	77,330	38,685	38,645	560	300	255
Unemployed	6,100	3,180	2,920	80	50	35
Not in the labour force	49,150	21,380	27,765	440	185	255
Participation rate	62.9	66.2	59.9	59.3	65.4	53.2
Employment rate	58.3	61.2	55.7	51.9	56.1	46.8
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.6	7.0	12.5	14.3	12.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	132,580	63,245	69,335	1,080	535	540
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	45,285	19,575	25,710	390	155	235
Worked	87,290	43,670	43,625	690	380	310
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	45,065	24,320	20,750	160	65	100
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	42,220	19,350	22,875	525	315	215
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.2	42.5	31.1	27.8	35.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	83,430	41,860	41,565	640	350	290
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,850	960	885	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	81,580	40,900	40,675	635	345	285
Employee	73,410	36,025	37,385	555	295	265
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	8,170	4,880	3,290	75	55	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	83,430	41,865	41,565	640	350	285
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,850	960	890	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	81,580	40,900	40,675	630	350	285
0 Management occupations	7,745	4,865	2,880	10	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,330	2,995	8,335	85	20	70
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,595	3,665	930	50	40	10
3 Health occupations	8,050	1,885	6,170	45	0	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	14,705	6,295	8,410	40	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,360	995	1,365	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	20,375	8,830	11,550	95	35	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,575	9,120	455	85	80	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,165	910	260	150	115	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,675	1,355	325	70	50	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	83,430	41,865	41,565	640	355	290
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,850	960	890	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	81,580	40,905	40,675	635	345	285
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	750	455	295	160	125	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	140	130	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	575	460	110	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,420	4,870	555	55	55	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,535	2,740	800	115	70	45
41 Wholesale trade	1,660	1,225	435	15	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	9,420	4,495	4,930	40	10	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,190	1,675	520	15	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,125	635	485	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,310	845	1,465	10	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,490	825	665	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,890	2,060	1,830	35	20	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	20	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,815	2,270	1,545	15	0	10
61 Educational services	10,220	4,040	6,180	40	15	30
62 Health care and social assistance	13,015	2,810	10,200	55	0	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,805	855	955	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	7,120	3,055	4,065	10	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,285	1,510	1,780	35	0	35
91 Public administration	9,765	5,935	3,830	15	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	77,330	38,685	38,645	560	305	255
Worked at home	5,010	2,400	2,610	25	10	15
Worked outside Canada	335	200	130	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,590	5,490	2,100	125	95	25
Worked at usual place	64,395	30,595	33,800	410	195	220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	64,395	30,595	33,800	410	195	215
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	46,775	21,720	25,050	60	40	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,275	3,455	3,820	315	130	180
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,090	5,265	4,825	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	255	150	100	25	15	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	71,985	36,075	35,905	530	290	240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	54,535	28,405	26,130	450	260	190
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,945	1,870	3,075	40	15	30
Public transit	4,895	1,960	2,935	10	10	10
Walked	5,470	2,610	2,865	10	0	10
Bicycle	1,355	835	525	0	0	0
Other method	780	405	380	20	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	71,980	36,075	35,905	530	295	240
Less than 15 minutes	23,775	11,530	12,245	155	90	65
15 to 29 minutes	32,355	16,360	15,995	225	100	125
30 to 44 minutes	11,215	5,635	5,585	105	80	30
45 to 59 minutes	2,400	1,180	1,215	35	15	20
60 minutes and over	2,235	1,370	865	15	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	71,985	36,080	35,905	530	290	240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,435	2,355	1,085	45	40	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,805	7,795	5,010	105	70	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	22,135	11,110	11,035	150	45	100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	16,065	6,760	9,300	60	15	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,410	3,120	4,285	35	15	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,125	4,940	5,185	145	110	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	89,545	44,680	44,860	710	390	320
Single responses	88,825	44,330	44,500	685	375	305
Official languages	88,555	44,180	44,375	680	375	305
English	87,760	43,940	43,825	335	205	130
French	795	240	550	345	170	175
Non-official languages	270	145	125	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	265	140	125	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	55	45	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	0	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	35	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	25	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	60	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	60	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	25	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	40	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	715	360	360	30	15	15
English and French	490	245	245	30	15	15
English and non-official language	205	105	100	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	89,545	44,685	44,860	710	390	320
None	84,605	42,245	42,360	550	305	250
English	695	245	445	70	45	30
French	3,565	1,815	1,745	80	45	35
Non-official language	620	345	275	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	610	345	270	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	50	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	154,925	74,705	80,225	1,210	580	635
Non-movers	131,650	63,350	68,295	1,125	530	595
Movers	23,275	11,355	11,925	90	50	40
Non-migrants	13,800	6,745	7,055	35	25	10
Migrants	9,475	4,605	4,870	50	25	25
Internal migrants	8,280	4,000	4,275	45	20	30
Intraprovincial migrants	6,510	3,135	3,375	25	0	20
Interprovincial migrants	1,765	860	900	20	10	0
External migrants	1,200	610	590	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	148,755	71,465	77,290	1,165	560	605
Non-movers	88,195	42,540	45,660	950	460	495
Movers	60,560	28,925	31,635	215	105	110
Non-migrants	32,115	15,395	16,715	50	35	15
Migrants	28,445	13,530	14,920	165	70	95
Internal migrants	24,820	11,740	13,070	160	65	95
Intraprovincial migrants	19,855	9,300	10,560	90	40	55
Interprovincial migrants	4,960	2,445	2,515	70	30	45
External migrants	3,630	1,780	1,845	10	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kingston [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and New Bandon, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 10, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kingston [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and New Bandon, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kingston [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and New Bandon, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kingston [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and New Bandon, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick