Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Edmonton [Population centre], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Edmonton Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Edmonton [Population centre], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	1,062,643	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	935,361r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	13.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	436,072	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	408,474	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,855.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	572.69	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	1,062,630	529,160	533,475
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	189,385	96,675	92,705
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	67,160	34,170	32,995
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	64,905	33,095	31,810
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	57,315	29,415	27,905
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	741,065	373,755	367,305
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	59,595	30,630	28,970
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	76,985	38,935	38,050
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	92,100	46,790	45,315
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	92,485	46,810	45,675
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	81,310	41,230	40,085
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	72,120	36,460	35,665
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	68,330	34,420	33,910
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	71,630	35,765	35,865
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	69,135	34,460	34,680
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	57,360	28,260	29,100
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	132,180	58,725	73,460
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	44,235	21,370	22,865
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	29,650	13,740	15,915
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	22,400	10,015	12,385
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	17,375	7,250	10,125
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	18,525	6,340	12,180
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	11,585	4,420	7,165
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	5,340	1,575	3,765
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	1,380	310	1,065
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	220	35	180
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	17.8	18.3	17.4
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	69.7	70.6	68.9
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	12.4	11.1	13.8
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.7	1.2	2.3
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	37.9	37.1	38.7
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	36.2	35.5	36.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	408,470	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	216,070	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	26,235	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	163,425	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	25,325	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	39,095	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	10,265	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	88,640	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	95	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	2,740	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	408,470	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	106,810	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	134,205	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	66,925	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	60,770	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	39,760	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	1,041,915	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	873,250	432,480	440,770
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	493,095	247,635	245,465
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	413,050	207,540	205,515
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	80,045	40,095	39,950
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	380,150	184,845	195,305
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	265,150	146,340	118,805
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	20,705	8,830	11,875
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	54,915	21,960	32,955
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	39,380	7,710	31,665
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	285,250	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	136,500	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	63,455	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	59,040	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	26,260	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	285,250	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	238,610	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	198,600	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	40,010	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	46,640	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	36,680	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	9,960	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	238,610	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	107,905	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	130,705	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	50,685	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	55,380	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	24,640	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	46,640	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	28,590	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	12,765	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	5,285	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	201,250	104,730	96,520
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	408,475	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	264,795	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	99,885	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	164,915	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	9,950	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	133,730	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	106,810	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	26,920	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,050,030	523,450	526,580
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	950,200	477,780	472,415
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	1,570	680	890
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	78,205	36,950	41,255
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	20,060	8,045	12,015
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,050,030	523,450	526,580
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	1,002,275	501,090	501,185
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	21,640	11,245	10,400
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	6,555	3,350	3,200
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	19,565	7,775	11,795
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	24,915	12,920	12,000
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.4	2.5	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	1,050,030	523,450	526,580
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	1,018,575	508,110	510,465
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	722,350	364,530	357,820
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	701,590	353,735	347,860
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	20,760	10,795	9,965
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	296,220	143,580	152,640
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	2,055	765	1,285
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	1,650	620	1,030
Blackfoot	5	10	0	35	10	25
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	1,530	580	950
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	5	0	5
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	15	10	10
Plains Cree	10	0	5	310	105	210
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	20	10	10
Woods Cree	5	0	0	135	55	80
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	1,045	405	640
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	80	25	55
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	75	25	50
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	5	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	200	65	135
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	200	70	130
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	5
Carrier	0	5	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	5	0
Dene	5	5	5	130	45	85
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	20	5	15
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	0	5
South Slavey	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	5
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages	35	15	20	50	15	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	30	10	20	25	10	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	30	15	15
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	90	30	55
Dakota	5	0	0	45	15	30
Stoney	0	0	0	45	15	30
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	294,170	142,815	151,350
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	30,850	16,095	14,760
Berber languages	220	130	90	130	70	60
Kabyle	105	60	50	75	40	30
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	55	30	25
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	7,900	3,965	3,935
Bilen	80	45	35	245	140	105
Oromo	1,005	490	515	1,125	580	540
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	6,510	3,235	3,275
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	20	10	15
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	22,755	12,015	10,740
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	2,495	1,210	1,290
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	17,155	9,165	7,990
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	75	40	35
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	40	20	15
Harari	930	435	490	170	90	85
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	395	215	180
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	25	10	10
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	2,320	1,220	1,100
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	80	50	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	65	40	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	9,460	4,365	5,095
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	750	355	395
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	8,705	4,010	4,695
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	39,730	17,365	22,365
Bikol	470	210	260	100	50	55
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	1,835	775	1,060
Fijian	55	25	25	50	25	20
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	505	225	280
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	1,745	745	1,000
Malagasy	25	15	15	10	0	5
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	485	215	270
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	315	150	165
Pangasinan	450	185	270	110	45	65
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	34,220	14,970	19,255
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	70	35	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	275	125	150
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	985	515	470
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	55	25	30
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	595	330	265
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	340	155	180
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	6,550	3,410	3,140
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	200	100	100
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	3,335	1,720	1,620
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	2,075	1,095	975
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	915	485	430
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	20	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	139,345	69,005	70,340
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	760	410	345
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	165	80	85
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	31,195	14,505	16,695
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	285	125	160
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	130	60	70
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	155	65	90
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	30,915	14,380	16,535
Belarusan	355	170	185	35	15	15
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	695	350	345
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	450	230	215
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	1,890	990	905
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	770	380	390
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	175	90	85
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	8,495	3,965	4,530
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	5,255	2,440	2,810
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	1,735	875	860
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	340	170	170
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	505	245	255
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	250	115	135
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	10,235	4,460	5,775
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	80	45	35
Celtic languages	460	210	250	100	60	40
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	45	25	20
Welsh	150	65	85	25	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	35	25	10
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	15,495	7,255	8,240
Afrikaans	985	475	510	440	235	210
Danish	1,570	710	855	555	265	290
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	3,010	1,450	1,560
Frisian	135	60	75	65	40	25
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	10,890	5,030	5,865
Icelandic	85	40	45	30	15	20
Norwegian	380	170	210	170	70	95
Swedish	1,140	485	660	215	95	115
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	55	20	30
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	55	30	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	10	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	1,000	540	460
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	61,955	31,800	30,155
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	55,480	28,405	27,070
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	2,300	1,210	1,085
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	5,650	2,930	2,720
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	8,190	4,115	4,075
Kashmiri	275	140	140	20	10	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	150	80	70
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	525	270	255
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	1,950	1,020	930
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	26,615	13,660	12,955
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	920	425	490
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	1,235	635	590
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	7,860	4,015	3,850
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	6,205	3,250	2,955
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	745	410	330
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	635	330	300
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	4,825	2,505	2,320
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	280	145	130
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	28,665	14,350	14,315
Catalan	165	90	75	25	15	15
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	4,595	2,260	2,335
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	4,210	2,045	2,165
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	2,415	1,205	1,210
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	17,410	8,830	8,585
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	15	5	10
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	995	325	670
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	60	35	25
Georgian	1,110	595	515	60	35	25
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	6,095	2,900	3,195
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	80	35	45
Mongolian	345	155	190	75	35	45
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	7,080	3,580	3,500
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	855	445	410
Bamanankan	60	30	30	20	10	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	135	65	65
Ewe	370	185	190	120	70	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	135	70	60
Ga	440	200	245	65	35	30
Ganda	515	245	270	200	100	100
Igbo	1,520	775	750	305	165	145
Lingala	375	175	200	155	80	80
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	390	190	195
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	605	300	305
Shona	680	325	355	520	255	270
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	1,220	590	625
Wolof	160	90	80	135	85	45
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	675	380	300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	1,555	735	820
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	740	375	360
Dinka	45	25	15	335	175	165
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	410	210	200
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	315	160	155
American Sign Language	470	250	220	150	70	85
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	160	90	75
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	47,070	22,265	24,810
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	46,385	21,900	24,490
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	22,360	10,460	11,900
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	610	285	320
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	19,570	9,305	10,265
Min Dong	765	370	395	70	30	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	1,230	560	665
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	230	120	120
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	2,290	1,130	1,160
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	30	10	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	690	365	320
Burmese	1,005	450	555	135	70	60
Karenic languages	265	125	140	430	230	195
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	20	15	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	95	50	55
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	945	365	580
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	370	185	190
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	560	180	385
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	15	5	10
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	2,015	1,125	890
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	115	70	45
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	1,690	935	755
Uyghur	385	195	195	55	35	20
Uzbek	595	300	295	110	60	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	45	20	20
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	1,615	765	850
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	35	15	20
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	185	75	110
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	1,390	675	715
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	220	125	90
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	31,455	15,340	16,120
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	3,140	1,545	1,600
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	26,595	12,940	13,655
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	1,135	565	575
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	580	295	285
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	1,050,030	523,450	526,580
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	982,250	490,335	491,925
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	814,680	408,025	406,655
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	805,715	403,460	402,255
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	8,965	4,570	4,395
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	167,575	82,305	85,265
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	420	190	230
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	350	165	190
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	330	150	175
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	15	10	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	50	25	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	250	120	135
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	20	5	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	20	5	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	10	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	5	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	30	10	15
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	15	5	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	15	10	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	167,155	82,115	85,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	20,215	10,255	9,960
Berber languages	65	30	30	95	45	50
Kabyle	35	15	15	50	25	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	40	20	25
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	5,845	2,930	2,920
Bilen	40	15	20	210	120	90
Oromo	545	250	290	885	450	435
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	4,740	2,350	2,385
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	10	5	10
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	14,250	7,265	6,985
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	1,695	805	890
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	10,485	5,390	5,090
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	40	20	25
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	20	10	5
Harari	520	235	285	110	55	60
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	190	100	90
Maltese	875	395	475	10	5	5
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	1,655	855	795
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	55	30	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	25	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	6,175	2,850	3,325
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	385	185	205
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	5,785	2,670	3,115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	21,440	10,075	11,370
Bikol	85	35	45	15	5	5
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	785	380	405
Fijian	10	10	5	25	15	15
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	185	85	105
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	580	275	305
Malagasy	10	5	5	5	5	5
Malay	1,455	705	750	130	60	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	125	60	65
Pangasinan	80	35	40	25	10	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	19,470	9,135	10,335
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	10	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	85	40	40
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	560	285	280
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	40	20	20
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	370	195	175
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	145	70	80
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	4,285	2,210	2,075
Kannada	830	415	410	75	35	40
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	2,265	1,165	1,105
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	1,385	730	650
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	555	280	280
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	10	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	71,665	35,925	35,745
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	365	195	170
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	75	40	35
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	12,045	5,850	6,195
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	115	50	60
Latvian	600	245	355	45	20	25
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	65	35	35
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	11,940	5,795	6,140
Belarusan	125	60	65	10	5	5
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	300	150	145
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	280	140	140
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	880	450	430
Czech	1,415	685	730	240	125	115
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	85	45	40
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	3,535	1,655	1,875
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	3,045	1,500	1,545
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	965	485	485
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	110	50	55
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	130	60	65
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	60	30	25
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	2,275	1,085	1,195
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	25	10	15
Celtic languages	65	35	30	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	5	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	5	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	2,010	960	1,045
Afrikaans	265	125	145	210	110	105
Danish	135	65	75	35	15	20
Dutch	655	300	350	170	85	90
Frisian	5	0	0	5	0	5
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	1,495	705	790
Icelandic	20	5	15	15	10	5
Norwegian	45	15	20	10	5	5
Swedish	220	100	120	55	25	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	15	5	5
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	340	175	170
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	41,860	21,245	20,615
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	37,795	19,195	18,605
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	1,435	740	695
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	3,605	1,830	1,775
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	4,955	2,520	2,435
Kashmiri	50	25	25	5	5	0
Konkani	440	215	230	40	20	15
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	325	165	155
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	1,365	715	650
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	35	15	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	19,905	10,125	9,775
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	450	225	230
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	745	390	360
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	4,930	2,445	2,490
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	3,950	2,000	1,945
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	370	195	175
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	410	220	195
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	3,160	1,585	1,580
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	115	55	65
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	14,960	7,460	7,500
Catalan	80	40	45	10	5	10
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	1,370	620	745
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	1,820	865	955
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	1,310	650	655
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	10,445	5,315	5,130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	5	5	5
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	450	180	270
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	50	25	25
Georgian	745	405	335	50	30	25
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	4,435	2,180	2,260
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	45	20	25
Mongolian	200	100	95	50	25	30
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	2,875	1,385	1,490
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	425	205	225
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	35	20	15
Ewe	95	40	55	40	25	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	55	30	25
Ga	150	65	85	15	10	5
Ganda	155	70	85	75	35	45
Igbo	410	205	205	85	35	45
Lingala	95	40	55	35	20	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	190	90	100
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	285	145	140
Shona	235	115	125	200	90	110
Swahili	1,225	540	690	585	275	310
Wolof	80	45	35	90	45	40
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	270	140	130
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	485	220	265
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	370	190	180
Dinka	15	5	5	205	110	90
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	165	75	90
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	405	235	170
American Sign Language	720	375	345	170	85	80
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	235	145	90
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	31,925	15,150	16,780
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	31,395	14,875	16,525
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	14,585	6,745	7,835
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	210	90	120
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	14,495	7,035	7,460
Min Dong	240	105	135	15	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	545	235	310
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	120	65	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	1,415	695	720
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	530	275	250
Burmese	575	260	310	90	50	40
Karenic languages	215	105	110	355	190	165
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	20	15	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	60	25	35
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	440	210	230
Lao	1,050	505	540	185	90	95
Thai	575	255	320	255	120	140
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	1,275	685	590
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	55	30	20
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	1,105	590	520
Uyghur	225	120	105	30	20	15
Uzbek	315	165	145	70	35	35
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	15	10	5
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	460	220	245
Estonian	650	240	410	0	5	5
Finnish	510	220	290	25	10	15
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	430	210	225
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	70	35	30
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	67,775	33,120	34,660
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	2,300	1,155	1,145
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	63,660	31,070	32,580
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	560	270	290
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	1,265	625	640
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,050,030	523,450	526,580
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	870,080	435,560	434,525
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	75,345	37,690	37,655
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	11,470	5,390	6,075
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	89,650	43,040	46,615
Aboriginal	480	205	275	1,840	720	1,120
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	87,815	42,320	45,500
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	670	345	325
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	1,815	940	875
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	955	465	485
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	40	25	15
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	852,860	423,585	429,270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	811,615	403,260	408,355
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	43,024	53,561	34,452
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	811,770	403,290	408,480
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	38,254	46,086	31,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	752,745	383,200	369,545
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	42,683	53,222	33,438
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	487,620	198,705	288,915
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	3,730	2,932	4,028
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	657,605	343,235	314,370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	43,881	53,827	35,291
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	852,995	423,740	429,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	811,950	403,325	408,625
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	59,230	73,693	44,955
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	812,130	403,360	408,770
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	48,426	58,795	38,195
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	752,945	383,070	369,870
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	59,300	74,007	44,069
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	486,940	198,235	288,705
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,069	6,925	7,168
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	657,655	342,600	315,055
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	56,430	68,547	43,255
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	852,990	423,745	429,250
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	306,500	173,705	132,800
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	63,938	72,450	55,329
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	76,896	87,968	62,413
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	92.8	95.4	88.8
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	77.2	79.3	73.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	7.2	4.6	11.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	852,855	423,590	429,270
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	41,245	20,325	20,920
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	811,615	403,265	408,355
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.2	95.2	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	100,185	39,225	60,965
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	103,365	40,100	63,270
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	96,250	37,655	58,600
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	81,605	35,220	46,385
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	78,880	36,550	42,335
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	70,395	34,955	35,440
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	58,550	32,055	26,485
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	46,640	27,735	18,905
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	36,700	22,520	14,180
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	31,325	19,160	12,160
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	107,710	78,085	29,630
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	71,420	49,705	21,710
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	36,295	28,380	7,915
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	852,855	423,590	429,270
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	41,090	20,300	20,790
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	811,770	403,290	408,480
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.2	95.2	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	102,355	39,795	62,560
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	108,050	42,050	65,995
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	111,125	44,180	66,945
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	102,575	46,140	56,435
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	98,135	48,065	50,070
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	78,785	43,280	35,515
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	57,785	34,785	23,005
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	43,805	27,025	16,780
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	109,145	77,970	31,180
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	32,800	21,185	11,615
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	21,290	14,790	6,500
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	55,055	41,990	13,060
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	852,855	423,585	429,270
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	195,250	80,355	114,895
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	657,605	343,235	314,375
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	77.1	81.0	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	64,985	28,815	36,165
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	43,115	17,945	25,165
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	73,260	30,900	42,360
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	61,955	26,065	35,890
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	61,195	27,585	33,610
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	61,490	29,050	32,440
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	57,085	28,580	28,510
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	47,390	26,480	20,910
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	39,015	23,790	15,225
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	148,120	104,030	44,095
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	31,320	19,765	11,555
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	28,030	17,295	10,735
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	88,770	66,970	21,800
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	408,475	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	90,874	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	77,855	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	106,810	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	48,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	42,081	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	301,665	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	110,071	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	93,804	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	408,555	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	117,711	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	96,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	106,875	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	60,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	49,778	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	301,680	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	137,865	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	112,729	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	408,470	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	6,240	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	3,875	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	5,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	9,355	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	13,480	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	10,875	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	11,430	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	12,585	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	12,640	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	12,960	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	26,545	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	26,825	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	25,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	24,265	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	23,225	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	183,010	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	49,970	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	38,495	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	48,450	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	46,100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	408,475	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	6,555	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	3,930	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	5,525	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	9,765	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	14,445	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	12,420	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	13,795	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	15,300	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	16,040	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	16,570	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	33,560	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	32,260	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	30,600	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	28,800	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	25,525	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	143,405	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	51,275	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	34,990	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	57,140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	282,440	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	109,047	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	92,897	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	97,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	102,965	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	87,275	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	130,990	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	131,410	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	110,892	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	42,780	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	64,843	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	58,514	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	282,220	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	138,209	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	112,697	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	97,700	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	135,498	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	109,227	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	131,105	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	161,470	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	131,176	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	42,490	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	78,488	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	67,522	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	170,210	90,315	79,890
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	42,481	46,599	38,381
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	37,563	40,384	34,607
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	170,225	90,355	79,875
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	53,381	57,946	48,217
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	44,196	47,142	40,863
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	1,041,915	520,080	521,830
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	403,965	194,720	209,245
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	80,300	39,225	41,075
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	73,410	33,680	39,730
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	77,050	36,645	40,410
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	82,595	40,425	42,170
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	90,610	44,750	45,860
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	637,950	325,360	312,590
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	98,120	48,665	49,450
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	106,520	53,600	52,920
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	120,710	61,490	59,220
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	141,440	72,395	69,050
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	171,160	89,210	81,950
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	1,041,915	520,085	521,835
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	223,455	114,220	109,230
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	80,150	40,800	39,350
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	699,620	351,345	348,275
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	118,845	54,510	64,335
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	104,820	49,430	55,385
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	32,950	16,885	16,065
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	12,755	6,540	6,215
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	62,610	29,240	33,370
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	9,260	3,310	5,950
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	10.1	9.5	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	14.7	14.8	14.7
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	15.9	16.0	15.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	8.9	8.3	9.6
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	7.8	6.1	9.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	95,835	46,655	49,180
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	26,675	13,630	13,050
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	10,340	5,290	5,050
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	64,000	31,085	32,915
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	5,160	1,945	3,210
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.2	9.0	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	11.9	11.9	11.9
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	12.9	13.0	12.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	9.1	8.8	9.5
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	4.3	3.6	5.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	1,042,145	520,150	522,000
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	1,022,335	512,215	510,120
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	1,020,840	511,585	509,250
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	79,270	37,370	41,900
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	372,490	181,415	191,075
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	3,730	1,500	2,230
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	3,165	1,220	1,945
Blackfoot	10	0	0	35	10	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	3,015	1,165	1,850
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	50	30	20	890	335	555
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	25	10	15
Woods Cree	15	10	0	230	100	130
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	1,845	710	1,135
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	10	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	10	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	130	45	90
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	125	40	85
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	10	10	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	280	115	165
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	280	115	165
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	25	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dene	10	0	10	180	70	115
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	40	20	20
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	15	10	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	60	25	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	15	0	0	30	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	15	20	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	10	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	50	25	20
Salish languages	10	0	0	25	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	10	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	155	85	70
Dakota	10	0	0	75	45	30
Stoney	0	0	10	85	45	40
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	20	10	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	368,890	179,980	188,910
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	44,015	22,805	21,205
Berber languages	245	135	110	205	105	95
Kabyle	80	40	40	85	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	120	60	60
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	9,780	4,980	4,800
Bilen	85	50	35	240	140	100
Oromo	1,390	590	800	1,205	645	555
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	8,385	4,215	4,165
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	30	15	15
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	35,215	18,350	16,860
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	4,080	2,070	2,005
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	27,545	14,495	13,055
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	65	40	30
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	20	20	10
Harari	1,250	635	620	240	100	140
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	1,425	750	680
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	60	30	30
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	3,130	1,585	1,540
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	160	85	75
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	150	85	60
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	12,605	5,885	6,725
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	1,080	510	565
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	11,580	5,400	6,180
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	10	10	10
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	49,920	21,975	27,945
Bikol	580	260	325	60	30	30
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	2,385	1,070	1,315
Fijian	50	20	30	135	90	50
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	510	210	300
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	2,325	970	1,350
Malagasy	90	45	45	15	10	10
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	1,125	515	610
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	480	215	270
Pangasinan	450	200	255	165	70	95
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	47,350	20,780	26,575
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	105	30	70
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	405	165	240
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	2,050	1,100	950
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	115	65	50
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	1,210	670	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	730	370	365
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	8,655	4,555	4,100
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	370	175	195
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	4,395	2,255	2,140
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	3,045	1,655	1,385
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	1,345	720	630
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	65	40	25
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	30	15	10
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	178,535	88,710	89,825
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	880	485	390
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	190	75	115
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	36,175	17,025	19,155
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	510	240	270
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	230	110	125
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	280	135	150
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	35,885	16,885	19,000
Belarusan	945	495	450	95	50	45
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	1,105	540	570
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	525	260	260
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	2,655	1,455	1,195
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	880	395	490
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	225	100	125
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	10,220	4,980	5,235
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	8,580	4,055	4,525
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	2,370	1,145	1,230
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	420	200	220
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	620	345	275
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	265	135	130
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	12,650	5,395	7,250
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	100	45	50
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	380	220	160
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	140	65	70
Welsh	235	115	125	80	50	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	160	100	65
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	22,075	10,825	11,245
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	975	495	475
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	595	270	330
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	3,535	1,715	1,820
Frisian	195	75	115	65	45	20
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	16,365	8,120	8,240
Icelandic	130	55	75	45	20	30
Norwegian	960	460	500	390	155	235
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	480	250	230
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	40	10	35
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	65	35	30
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	10	0	10
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	1,415	685	725
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	76,510	39,445	37,065
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	69,940	35,975	33,965
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	2,790	1,475	1,315
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	7,415	3,690	3,725
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	26,705	13,935	12,775
Kashmiri	475	240	235	45	30	20
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	160	70	95
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	825	455	365
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	1,935	1,045	885
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	100	55	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	34,665	17,875	16,790
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	1,720	795	930
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	1,740	885	845
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	11,960	6,215	5,745
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	7,070	3,715	3,355
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	830	510	325
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	810	440	370
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	5,650	2,915	2,740
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	450	245	205
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	45,070	22,115	22,955
Catalan	315	165	150	75	45	35
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	7,785	3,865	3,920
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	5,570	2,745	2,830
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	2,920	1,495	1,420
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	30,305	14,750	15,555
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	90	40	45
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	2,330	1,015	1,320
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	65	25	35
Georgian	1,465	740	725	60	25	40
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	6,785	3,205	3,575
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	145	65	85
Mongolian	445	190	255	145	65	85
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	12,765	6,480	6,280
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	1,390	690	700
Bamanankan	200	110	90	25	15	15
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	240	110	130
Ewe	520	270	250	150	85	70
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	155	80	80
Ga	1,005	490	515	185	100	90
Ganda	865	410	455	425	210	220
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	600	330	270
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	710	350	365
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	585	275	305
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	905	480	430
Shona	1,175	515	655	895	440	450
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	3,405	1,810	1,595
Wolof	415	185	230	225	130	90
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	1,580	825	755
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	3,195	1,575	1,630
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	920	450	470
Dinka	85	65	25	565	260	305
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	355	190	165
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	2,265	900	1,370
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	1,350	480	870
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	930	415	510
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	54,115	26,130	27,985
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	53,310	25,710	27,600
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	28,305	13,535	14,775
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	685	300	385
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	27,655	13,200	14,455
Min Dong	710	285	425	20	10	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	1,565	705	860
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	260	120	140
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	2,330	1,175	1,160
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	45	20	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	825	430	395
Burmese	1,325	600	720	235	120	115
Karenic languages	245	115	135	455	230	220
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	45	25	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	150	85	65
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	1,200	485	715
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	535	250	290
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	760	255	505
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	20	10	10
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	2,835	1,555	1,280
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	240	130	115
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	2,315	1,290	1,030
Uyghur	490	225	265	145	65	75
Uzbek	815	440	375	150	80	70
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	65	30	40
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	2,035	965	1,065
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	30	20	15
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	355	135	210
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	1,655	810	840
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	675	395	285
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,042,145	520,150	521,995
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	916,660	457,820	458,840
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	202,750	103,600	99,150
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	713,910	354,220	359,690
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	125,485	62,335	63,155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,042,145	520,150	521,995
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	727,520	365,455	362,070
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	288,100	140,870	147,235
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	53,865	26,830	27,035
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	31,835	15,605	16,225
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	44,470	20,895	23,575
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	83,430	41,000	42,420
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	34,750	16,925	17,825
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	48,675	24,080	24,595
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	74,510	36,535	37,980
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	26,525	13,830	12,695
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	288,105	140,870	147,235
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	26,685	13,855	12,835
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	48,915	25,285	23,625
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	59,330	27,165	32,165
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	129,000	63,305	65,690
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	24,175	11,265	12,915
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	288,105	140,870	147,235
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	28,480	13,780	14,700
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	735	305	435
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	2,515	1,280	1,235
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	2,985	1,530	1,460
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	1,330	605	730
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	510	280	230
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	2,615	1,185	1,430
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	2,195	1,105	1,095
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	500	195	305
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	1,495	740	755
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	7,015	3,330	3,685
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	6,575	3,235	3,345
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	55,875	27,655	28,225
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	1,835	935	905
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	1,350	720	630
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	640	280	360
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	5,555	2,745	2,815
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	590	335	255
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	860	435	425
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	1,330	700	635
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	3,265	1,715	1,545
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	2,740	1,490	1,255
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	7,225	3,475	3,750
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	2,355	1,165	1,190
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	2,245	1,140	1,105
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	2,075	895	1,180
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	835	370	460
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	3,595	1,560	2,030
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	13,230	6,740	6,490
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	6,155	2,950	3,205
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	36,040	18,620	17,420
Algeria	1,240	650	595	360	190	175
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	1,995	1,125	870
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	4,000	2,040	1,955
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	1,890	960	925
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	790	485	300
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	3,135	1,670	1,460
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	4,580	2,250	2,330
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	1,975	935	1,040
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	17,325	8,960	8,365
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	163,770	78,875	84,900
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	1,470	760	710
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	1,590	805	790
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	19,320	8,875	10,450
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	7,255	3,530	3,730
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	37,570	19,190	18,380
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	2,620	1,380	1,235
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	2,060	1,115	945
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	625	170	455
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	4,695	2,205	2,490
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	4,850	2,620	2,225
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	8,040	4,115	3,925
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	42,790	18,875	23,915
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	2,040	1,010	1,030
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	2,015	1,090	920
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	980	430	550
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	10,250	4,790	5,455
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	15,615	7,910	7,700
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	3,930	1,940	1,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	74,510	36,530	37,980
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	5,380	2,550	2,825
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	260	110	150
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	530	225	305
Cuba	1,200	535	660	200	90	115
Haiti	865	415	450	175	95	75
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	630	275	355
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	885	470	415
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	1,310	605	705
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	220	85	135
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	1,170	605	560
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	6,520	3,335	3,180
France	1,400	675	725	95	50	45
Germany	915	490	420	415	240	175
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	490	305	185
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	200	90	110
Romania	1,490	590	900	375	175	200
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	410	155	260
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	865	400	465
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	1,450	815	630
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	2,215	1,110	1,110
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	11,620	5,885	5,730
Algeria	205	95	115	40	15	30
Cameroon	805	355	450	365	175	195
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	515	240	280
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	285	125	155
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	730	395	330
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	990	520	470
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	1,215	630	585
Morocco	365	145	220	245	145	100
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	1,525	810	715
Somalia	1,155	555	600	1,390	685	705
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	475	230	245
Tunisia	125	90	40	150	80	70
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	3,685	1,835	1,845
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	50,335	24,415	25,925
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	225	115	105
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	555	270	285
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	3,615	1,635	1,980
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	310	110	195
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	13,270	6,925	6,345
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	860	465	400
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	700	360	345
Israel	1,665	880	785	250	135	115
Japan	965	265	700	190	60	130
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	1,455	735	720
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	755	385	370
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	1,085	565	515
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	1,960	980	985
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	19,715	9,050	10,665
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	365	205	160
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	750	350	395
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	1,390	740	645
Taiwan	760	300	460	125	40	85
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	200	125	80
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	305	165	140
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	745	295	455
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	1,520	705	820
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	660	345	315
Australia	1,005	615	390	230	115	110
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	435	225	210
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	1,042,145	520,150	521,995
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	320,430	157,615	162,810
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	218,315	109,860	108,450
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	503,405	252,675	250,730
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	238,680	116,320	122,360
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	127,700	64,680	63,020
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	51,935	32,160	19,775
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	75,765	32,520	43,245
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	68,265	28,350	39,915
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	41,115	22,455	18,665
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	1,595	835	760
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	1,042,145	520,150	521,995
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	55,365	25,815	29,550
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	53,950	25,175	28,780
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	24,270	11,000	13,265
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	28,870	13,750	15,120
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	810	420	390
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	855	395	460
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	560	245	315
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	986,780	494,335	492,440
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,042,145	520,150	521,995
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	21,095	9,350	11,745
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	1,021,050	510,795	510,250
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,042,150	520,150	521,995
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	16,530	7,485	9,045
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	15,695	7,110	8,585
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	10,830	4,845	5,985
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	4,695	2,190	2,505
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	175	75	95
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	835	375	460
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	780	345	435
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	25	15	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	48,640	23,220	25,420
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	45,990	22,095	23,895
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	25,365	12,180	13,185
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	19,930	9,560	10,375
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	690	355	335
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	2,655	1,130	1,525
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	2,510	1,080	1,430
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	75	25	50
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	55	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	976,975	489,440	487,530
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,042,145	520,150	521,995
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	348,895	173,370	175,530
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	88,255	45,580	42,680
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	58,805	28,620	30,190
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	55,435	28,415	27,020
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	56,970	25,840	31,125
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	17,645	8,995	8,650
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	24,845	13,235	11,610
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	16,625	7,985	8,635
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	6,515	3,360	3,155
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	7,140	3,425	3,715
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	2,190	830	1,355
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	3,740	1,760	1,985
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	10,720	5,325	5,395
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	693,250	346,780	346,465
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	1,042,145	520,150	521,995
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	65,175	30,710	34,465
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	39,605	18,495	21,105
Inuit	1,360	645	710	1,065	515	550
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	28,010	13,205	14,805
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	203,890	103,560	100,330
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	1,335	750	585
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	15,285	7,365	7,920
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	192,150	97,620	94,530
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	15	10	10
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	460	280	185
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	60	50	15
Ontarian	645	370	275	10	10	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	380	225	160
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	65	25	35
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	616,035	305,910	310,125
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	349,985	174,625	175,360
Channel Islander	445	235	210	60	10	50
Cornish	205	105	95	70	40	30
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	191,065	94,370	96,700
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	139,380	67,705	71,670
Manx	815	475	345	220	105	115
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	155,605	76,840	78,760
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	18,830	9,160	9,675
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	21,745	10,515	11,235
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	106,105	51,355	54,750
Alsatian	355	140	215	85	50	40
Breton	60	35	20	35	20	15
Corsican	60	30	30	85	50	35
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	105,970	51,275	54,695
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	196,730	96,695	100,035
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	10,595	5,055	5,535
Bavarian	155	65	85	35	15	25
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	4,615	2,185	2,425
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	40,850	20,120	20,735
Flemish	910	430	475	435	205	220
Frisian	400	230	165	95	75	20
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	152,870	74,915	77,960
Luxembourger	305	145	155	160	85	80
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	4,485	2,300	2,190
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	140	40	100
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	68,545	32,645	35,895
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	11,595	5,560	6,040
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	3,965	1,880	2,090
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	4,040	2,085	1,960
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	31,745	15,110	16,635
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	21,350	9,630	11,720
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	3,265	1,580	1,685
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	195,045	93,870	101,170
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	775	405	375
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	970	530	440
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	4,615	2,265	2,350
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	2,135	1,050	1,080
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	535	240	290
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	11,495	5,540	5,950
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	980	440	540
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	1,600	770	825
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	360	155	205
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	55,885	26,815	29,070
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	9,585	4,655	4,930
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	21,725	10,340	11,390
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	2,530	1,225	1,305
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	121,485	58,220	63,265
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	535	270	265
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	66,390	33,210	33,175
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	810	445	360
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	1,440	730	710
Catalan	160	105	60	35	30	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	4,630	2,575	2,055
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	60	40	20
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	4,215	2,175	2,040
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	28,070	14,175	13,900
Kosovar	485	255	225	175	90	90
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	380	195	185
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	400	220	180
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	105	70	40
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	9,515	4,885	4,630
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	3,110	1,510	1,595
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	85	45	40
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	1,105	560	550
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	14,945	6,880	8,065
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	1,355	655	690
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	60	35	30
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	6,140	3,275	2,865
Basque	815	400	415	95	35	60
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	3,245	1,765	1,485
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	100	50	45
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	210	100	105
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	2,530	1,345	1,185
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	13,920	6,920	7,000
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	130	65	60
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	100	70	35
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	780	375	410
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	30	20	15
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	30	20	15
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	790	420	370
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	320	170	150
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	335	180	160
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	820	465	360
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	6,855	3,365	3,485
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	25	0	20
Martinican	160	50	105	10	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	15	0	20
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	85	40	50
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	215	110	105
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	2,290	1,190	1,095
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	130	45	80
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	1,020	480	540
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	845	410	435
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	22,550	11,275	11,280
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	725	310	410
Arawak	710	315	395	15	15	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	305	180	125
Belizean	355	170	185	45	30	20
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	50	25	30
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	855	415	440
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	3,640	1,815	1,820
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	3,455	1,715	1,735
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	135	65	65
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	245	120	130
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	665	355	310
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	1,465	710	760
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	680	365	315
Honduran	1,750	810	940	155	90	60
Maya	1,135	555	575	220	110	115
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	4,520	2,305	2,215
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	495	260	235
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	100	50	50
Paraguayan	305	140	160	25	15	10
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	810	390	420
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	3,820	1,935	1,885
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	125	75	45
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	665	320	345
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	950	490	460
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	56,970	29,310	27,655
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	12,450	6,530	5,915
Akan	700	395	305	20	15	10
Angolan	1,030	490	535	120	70	50
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	30	20	15
Beninese	370	190	180	40	25	15
Burkinabe	100	45	55	55	30	25
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	725	345	375
Chadian	185	95	90	10	10	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	2,200	1,150	1,050
Edo	935	490	445	130	80	50
Ewe	160	90	70	55	30	25
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	35	25	10
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	2,010	1,050	960
Guinean	680	335	340	275	140	135
Ibo	1,495	775	720	385	220	165
Ivorian	615	285	330	395	210	185
Liberian	335	140	200	635	300	335
Malian	260	140	125	35	15	20
Malinké	220	105	120	70	40	30
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	3,495	1,810	1,685
Peulh	60	40	20	60	40	20
Senegalese	535	280	255	250	160	90
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	465	245	220
Togolese	315	205	105	45	15	25
Wolof	45	25	25	25	10	10
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	800	410	395
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	855	480	370
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	8,985	4,705	4,280
Algerian	1,700	835	870	465	210	260
Berber	680	365	315	240	155	85
Coptic	1,815	935	885	75	35	40
Dinka	35	25	10	205	105	100
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	3,265	1,710	1,555
Libyan	1,275	685	600	590	300	295
Maure	235	130	105	30	20	10
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	1,105	610	495
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	2,725	1,440	1,285
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	345	160	180
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	230	115	120
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	26,735	13,805	12,930
Afrikaner	340	175	170	65	40	25
Amhara	500	240	260	185	100	90
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	410	230	180
Burundian	710	385	325	665	365	305
Djiboutian	205	95	115	155	85	70
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	3,470	1,785	1,680
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	5,290	2,650	2,640
Harari	460	250	210	120	60	60
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	910	495	420
Malagasy	180	75	100	50	35	20
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	195	105	85
Oromo	830	370	460	550	350	205
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	1,120	590	530
Seychellois	165	65	95	10	10	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	9,785	4,990	4,795
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	1,525	750	770
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	465	290	175
Tigrian	410	210	200	255	130	125
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	625	345	280
Zambian	385	195	190	90	50	40
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	1,240	630	605
Zulu	205	100	110	175	80	95
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	1,420	725	695
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	9,985	4,935	5,055
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	1,100	550	545
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	9,065	4,470	4,600
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	276,105	136,010	140,090
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	38,435	20,155	18,280
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	2,455	1,300	1,160
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	4,345	2,370	1,975
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	540	275	260
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	150	65	85
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	295	145	145
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	90	45	45
Hazara	515	280	235	100	55	50
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	4,340	2,235	2,100
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	2,000	1,030	970
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	680	350	330
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	635	315	320
Kazakh	975	445	530	110	50	55
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	1,040	590	450
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	110	50	60
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	30	15	10
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	14,295	7,390	6,910
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	2,865	1,580	1,285
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	235	105	130
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	190	95	90
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	2,915	1,500	1,415
Tajik	1,425	670	755	65	45	20
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	135	55	75
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	2,580	1,410	1,175
Turkmen	405	205	200	50	15	30
Uighur	545	255	290	95	50	50
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	165	85	85
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	250	130	125
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	865	485	385
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	88,200	45,435	42,755
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	1,445	715	725
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	580	335	245
Bhutanese	150	80	65	75	45	35
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	69,460	35,650	33,810
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	80	45	40
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	485	250	230
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	100	55	40
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	1,805	970	835
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	8,060	4,175	3,885
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	5,910	3,130	2,775
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	230	135	100
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	2,235	1,125	1,110
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	465	240	225
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	1,910	995	920
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	150,865	71,100	79,765
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	415	210	205
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	1,490	770	720
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	69,800	33,660	36,140
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	60,175	27,410	32,765
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	825	385	435
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	3,310	1,390	1,920
Karen	265	115	145	395	220	170
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	7,515	3,600	3,915
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	695	360	335
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	1,340	635	710
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	330	145	185
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	120	55	75
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	625	275	345
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	915	335	580
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	45	25	20
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	13,850	6,660	7,185
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	370	190	175
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	910	490	425
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	915	490	425
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	4,230	2,190	2,045
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	1,515	820	700
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	610	335	275
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	2,190	1,085	1,110
Fijian	1,185	495	690	1,785	875	910
Hawaiian	225	115	115	130	60	70
Maori	200	105	90	145	70	75
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	50	25	25
Samoan	90	45	50	60	35	20
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	30	25	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	408,555	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	272,825	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	135,730	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	408,555	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	92,005	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	316,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	408,555	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	2,515	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	52,320	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	93,480	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	139,715	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	120,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	408,560	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	123,635	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	63,585	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	56,490	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	49,415	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	115,440	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	408,560	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	397,520	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	11,035	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	408,555	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	384,225	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	24,335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	408,560	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	55,720	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	128,050	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	50,615	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	47,365	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	38,770	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	41,365	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	46,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	408,560	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	386,380	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	22,175	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	408,560	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	232,135	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	160,225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	16,195	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	408,555	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	17,000	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	81,690	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	81,330	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	79,740	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	74,105	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	43,005	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	23,320	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	8,365	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	406,690	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	312,960	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	93,730	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	81,625	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	272,815	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	64.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,520	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,544	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	399,709	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	428,462	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	135,730	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	10.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	38.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,248	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,280	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	852,990	423,740	429,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	127,840	64,145	63,695
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	234,735	116,100	118,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	490,415	243,500	246,915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	74,335	58,800	15,535
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	22,405	13,605	8,800
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	51,930	45,190	6,740
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	158,800	67,260	91,540
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	28,610	11,520	17,090
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	228,675	105,920	122,755
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	156,370	68,875	87,495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	12,450	5,695	6,755
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	7,410	3,975	3,440
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	42,500	21,050	21,450
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	9,950	6,330	3,615
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	598,750	299,640	299,115
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	57,070	30,380	26,695
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	142,735	72,185	70,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	398,945	197,075	201,870
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	57,140	45,900	11,235
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	16,330	10,270	6,065
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	40,805	35,630	5,170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	128,265	54,935	73,330
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	22,215	9,060	13,150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	191,330	87,180	104,150
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	130,180	56,925	73,260
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	9,760	4,385	5,375
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	6,360	3,210	3,150
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	37,140	17,860	19,270
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	7,890	4,800	3,095
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	852,990	423,740	429,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	362,575	180,245	182,330
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	34,730	8,915	25,810
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	34,725	8,920	25,810
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	14,915	6,590	8,325
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	2,730	1,915	810
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	12,185	4,675	7,510
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	21,475	8,960	12,515
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	2,515	745	1,770
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	4,745	1,530	3,215
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	6,690	2,480	4,210
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	60	25	40
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	1,500	920	580
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	2,740	1,610	1,130
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	2,725	1,535	1,190
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	500	120	380
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	47,185	16,390	30,790
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	790	185	605
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	4,690	2,025	2,665
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	7,700	700	7,000
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	8,600	3,140	5,455
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	655	215	445
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	9,210	2,635	6,575
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	15,530	7,490	8,045
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	99,755	39,460	60,295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	155	45	110
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	5,835	1,275	4,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	93,770	38,145	55,630
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	23,250	11,785	11,460
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	9,170	4,020	5,155
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	5,500	2,455	3,050
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	125	25	100
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	6,835	4,550	2,285
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	1,615	740	870
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	19,315	11,950	7,365
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	15,215	10,220	4,990
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	1,585	220	1,365
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	2,380	1,410	970
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	130	90	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	120,065	107,755	12,310
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	3,650	2,385	1,265
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	31,285	25,565	5,720
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	22,935	20,045	2,890
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	26,825	25,740	1,085
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	20,515	19,820	695
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	14,845	14,185	660
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	7,950	4,565	3,385
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	4,850	2,650	2,200
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	3,095	1,910	1,185
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	78,780	16,085	62,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	4,925	2,325	2,600
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	71,405	12,385	59,020
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	2,455	1,375	1,080
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	22,960	11,015	11,940
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	14,155	4,235	9,920
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	45	40	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	260	240	25
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	4,630	2,955	1,680
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	3,860	3,545	315
Other	335	95	235	45	30	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	45	30	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	598,755	299,640	299,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	199,805	102,565	97,240
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	25,750	6,240	19,505
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	25,750	6,240	19,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	12,090	5,350	6,745
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	2,110	1,475	635
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	9,980	3,870	6,105
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	17,435	7,130	10,310
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	2,095	600	1,495
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	3,850	1,225	2,625
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	5,615	2,060	3,560
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	50	25	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	1,245	770	470
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	2,075	1,215	860
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	2,135	1,160	975
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	365	70	295
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	39,690	13,435	26,255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	670	165	505
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	4,085	1,705	2,380
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	6,320	575	5,750
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	7,440	2,460	4,985
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	545	180	365
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	7,440	2,060	5,385
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	13,180	6,300	6,880
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	82,955	32,685	50,270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	125	35	90
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	4,915	1,010	3,905
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	77,910	31,640	46,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	18,145	8,910	9,235
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	7,250	3,105	4,145
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	4,140	1,835	2,305
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	120	25	95
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	5,395	3,430	1,970
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	1,240	525	720
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	16,985	10,575	6,410
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	13,785	9,260	4,525
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	1,250	190	1,055
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	1,855	1,060	795
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	100	65	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	97,730	87,050	10,675
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	2,940	1,850	1,095
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	26,730	21,665	5,065
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	18,785	16,355	2,425
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	21,445	20,485	955
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	16,010	15,440	570
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	11,810	11,245	565
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	6,335	3,480	2,860
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	3,740	1,890	1,850
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	2,600	1,590	1,005
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	63,455	13,210	50,250
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	3,965	1,910	2,060
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	57,375	10,180	47,190
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	2,115	1,115	1,000
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	18,335	8,990	9,350
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	11,060	3,405	7,655
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	40	40	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	170	145	20
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	3,865	2,430	1,440
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	3,195	2,970	225
Other	285	80	205	40	25	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	40	25	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	852,990	423,745	429,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	362,575	180,245	182,335
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	490,420	243,495	246,920
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	380,765	189,910	190,855
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	303,460	150,540	152,920
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	77,305	39,370	37,935
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	109,655	53,590	56,065
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	10,370	5,935	4,435
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	23,635	9,205	14,435
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	17,830	9,080	8,750
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	6,770	3,895	2,870
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	6,045	2,805	3,240
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	580	355	225
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	44,425	22,315	22,110
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	598,750	299,640	299,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	199,805	102,565	97,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	398,945	197,075	201,870
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	305,450	152,315	153,140
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	242,965	120,600	122,370
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	62,485	31,715	30,770
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	93,495	44,765	48,730
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	7,840	4,305	3,540
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	21,745	8,390	13,360
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	15,820	7,900	7,915
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	4,555	2,650	1,910
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	5,275	2,425	2,855
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	500	310	195
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	37,755	18,790	18,970
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	852,995	423,740	429,250
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	612,465	325,205	287,255
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	560,535	294,450	266,090
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	51,925	30,755	21,170
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	240,530	98,535	141,995
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	71.8	76.7	66.9
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	65.7	69.5	62.0
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	8.5	9.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	852,990	423,745	429,250
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	219,690	88,800	130,885
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	633,305	334,940	298,360
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	314,975	179,710	135,270
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	318,325	155,235	163,090
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.6	43.2	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	612,460	325,205	287,255
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	11,185	5,210	5,980
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	601,275	319,995	281,275
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	545,570	284,175	261,395
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	55,700	35,820	19,880
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	612,460	325,205	287,255
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	11,190	5,210	5,980
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	601,275	319,995	281,275
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	60,760	37,515	23,245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	96,625	28,310	68,315
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	46,750	36,555	10,195
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	46,665	9,655	37,005
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	67,275	23,810	43,465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	14,860	6,320	8,545
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	137,405	59,710	77,695
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	105,125	97,590	7,535
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	8,660	7,295	1,370
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	17,145	13,240	3,905
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	612,460	325,205	287,260
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	11,190	5,205	5,980
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	601,270	319,995	281,280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	2,020	1,180	840
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	14,975	12,595	2,375
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	5,755	3,985	1,765
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	65,885	56,315	9,570
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	36,375	27,525	8,845
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	23,850	17,040	6,805
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	68,970	31,850	37,120
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	27,595	21,255	6,335
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	9,700	5,555	4,145
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	21,030	7,795	13,235
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	11,885	6,740	5,140
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	43,990	25,335	18,650
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	830	360	475
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	23,545	13,765	9,775
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	44,440	15,340	29,100
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	73,385	13,740	59,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	11,375	5,640	5,735
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	43,815	18,730	25,085
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	28,030	12,915	15,115
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	43,820	22,315	21,505
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	560,540	294,445	266,090
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	27,645	12,470	15,175
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	1,440	960	485
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	77,355	58,910	18,450
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	454,090	222,110	231,980
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	454,090	222,110	231,980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	362,295	165,935	196,355
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	80,510	48,080	32,430
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	9,440	6,930	2,510
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	1,845	1,170	680
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	531,450	281,020	250,430
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	398,410	224,510	173,900
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	27,915	10,555	17,355
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	71,180	28,610	42,570
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	20,705	8,935	11,770
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	5,970	3,870	2,105
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	7,270	4,540	2,740
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	531,450	281,020	250,430
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	107,615	48,000	59,610
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	219,945	117,590	102,360
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	133,270	74,725	58,545
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	39,970	22,225	17,750
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	30,645	18,480	12,170
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	531,445	281,020	250,430
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	37,360	27,610	9,755
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	103,015	63,515	39,500
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	160,265	81,685	78,580
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	92,875	41,440	51,435
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	55,800	23,985	31,815
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	82,130	42,775	39,355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	651,905	343,580	308,320
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	644,785	340,120	304,665
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	638,750	337,080	301,670
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	636,670	336,330	300,345
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	2,075	750	1,325
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	6,035	3,040	2,995
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	6,030	3,035	2,990
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	500	295	200
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	60	25	30
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	10	10	0
Somali	85	30	55	50	20	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	435	270	170
Amharic	55	20	35	35	15	20
Arabic	1,165	760	405	320	215	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	20	10	15
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	15	0	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	415	185	230
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	10	0	10
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	405	180	225
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	310	175	135
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	20	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	290	165	120
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	25	15	10
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	10	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	10	10	10
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	2,040	1,070	970
Albanian	210	125	85	10	0	10
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	285	145	140
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	290	145	140
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	10	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	10	0	10
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	115	60	55
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	70	25	45
Serbian	160	110	55	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	70	40	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	60	20	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	10
Dutch	60	40	25	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	35	20	20
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	10
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	1,250	700	545
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	1,180	655	525
Bengali	300	145	155	15	0	10
Gujarati	615	210	405	65	10	50
Hindi	740	355	385	105	55	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	955	565	390
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	40	15	25
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	65	50	25
Kurdish	85	75	10	15	15	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	55	35	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	440	195	240
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	15	0	10
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	45	25	20
Romanian	245	105	140	10	0	10
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	385	175	210
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	30	10	25
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	260	120	140
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	85	45	40
American Sign Language	245	80	170	70	30	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	20	20	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	2,280	1,080	1,200
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	2,270	1,070	1,200
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	1,470	725	745
Hakka	35	10	25	10	10	10
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	690	305	385
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	85	30	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	15	10	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	10	0	10
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	45	20	25
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	40	20	20
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	10	10	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	10	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	7,115	3,460	3,655
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	1,605	775	825
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	5,375	2,625	2,750
French and non-official language	85	45	40	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	115	55	65
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	651,900	343,580	308,320
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	622,550	328,930	293,615
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	3,970	1,750	2,220
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	7,215	3,550	3,670
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	17,700	9,120	8,585
Aboriginal	155	50	105	220	75	145
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	17,485	9,045	8,440
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	70	30	40
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	395	205	190
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	1,028,280	513,200	515,075
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	853,945	425,590	428,355
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	174,330	87,605	86,725
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	123,830	62,750	61,080
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	50,500	24,860	25,640
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	34,715	17,410	17,300
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	22,175	11,125	11,055
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	12,535	6,290	6,245
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	15,790	7,445	8,340
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	975,065	485,995	489,075
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	513,435	253,770	259,665
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	461,635	232,225	229,410
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	270,615	135,900	134,715
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	191,015	96,320	94,695
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	119,780	60,745	59,040
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	59,780	29,395	30,380
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	60,005	31,340	28,660
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	71,235	35,580	35,655