Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Saskatoon Saskatchewan [Population centre]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	245,181	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	220,546r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	106,637	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	98,155	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,953.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	125.50	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	245,180	119,990	125,190
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	44,135	22,660	21,475
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	15,560	7,945	7,615
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	14,915	7,680	7,235
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	13,655	7,030	6,630
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	167,835	83,325	84,505
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	14,360	7,245	7,110
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	19,415	9,635	9,780
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	21,635	10,910	10,730
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	20,085	9,965	10,125
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	17,240	8,660	8,580
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	15,220	7,585	7,635
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	14,660	7,350	7,310
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	16,205	8,000	8,210
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	15,630	7,575	8,055
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	13,375	6,405	6,970
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	33,215	14,005	19,210
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	10,080	4,720	5,355
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	6,940	3,170	3,770
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	5,760	2,370	3,390
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	4,800	1,920	2,880
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	5,640	1,820	3,820
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	3,385	1,215	2,170
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	1,655	485	1,170
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	515	105	405
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	85	15	75
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	18.0	18.9	17.2
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	68.5	69.4	67.5
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	13.5	11.7	15.3
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.3	1.5	3.1
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	38.2	37.0	39.3
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	35.8	34.8	36.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	98,155	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	55,060	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	4,270	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	38,460	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	3,860	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	6,555	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	5,395	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	22,605	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	40	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	98,155	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	28,405	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	33,040	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	14,915	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	13,135	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	8,660	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	240,340	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	201,045	97,330	103,715
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	111,070	55,655	55,410
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	93,250	46,725	46,525
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	17,820	8,935	8,890
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	89,980	41,680	48,300
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	62,955	33,305	29,650
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	4,390	1,880	2,510
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	11,865	4,555	7,310
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	10,770	1,945	8,830
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	64,990	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	32,445	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	13,685	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	12,505	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	6,350	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	64,990	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	53,990	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	45,080	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	8,905	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	10,995	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	8,760	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	2,240	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	53,990	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	25,950	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	28,045	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	10,675	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	11,515	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	5,850	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	11,000	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	6,495	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	3,010	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	1,490	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	50,260	24,490	25,770
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	98,155	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	61,495	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	24,770	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	36,725	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	1,695	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	34,960	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	28,405	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	6,560	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	241,715	118,585	123,130
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	222,115	109,815	112,305
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	135	60	70
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	16,010	7,150	8,860
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	3,455	1,560	1,900
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	241,715	118,585	123,125
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	234,555	115,275	119,275
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	3,000	1,405	1,600
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	815	400	415
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	3,345	1,505	1,845
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	3,405	1,605	1,805
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.4	1.4	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	241,715	118,585	123,130
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	236,250	116,005	120,250
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	190,460	93,730	96,735
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	187,230	92,215	95,015
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	3,235	1,515	1,725
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	45,790	22,275	23,510
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	1,265	525	740
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	1,015	415	600
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	855	345	510
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	5	5	5
Plains Cree	10	0	5	250	105	145
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	50	20	30
Woods Cree	5	0	0	70	30	35
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	485	190	300
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	155	75	85
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	155	70	85
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	190	80	110
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	190	80	110
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	190	80	110
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	25	10	15
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dakota	5	0	0	15	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	44,525	21,755	22,770
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	3,360	1,730	1,630
Berber languages	220	130	90	0	0	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	385	180	200
Bilen	80	45	35	25	10	10
Oromo	1,005	490	515	140	75	70
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	205	85	115
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	15	10	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	2,955	1,530	1,430
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	140	60	80
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,940	1,025	915
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	280	145	135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	150	75	75
Harari	930	435	490	0	5	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	25	15	15
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	10	5	5
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	290	140	150
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	130	65	60
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	20	15	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	1,115	545	575
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	65	40	30
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	1,045	510	540
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	7,815	3,680	4,135
Bikol	470	210	260	30	15	20
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	505	225	285
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	70	35	35
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	240	115	125
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	55	25	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	55	20	30
Pangasinan	450	185	270	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	6,735	3,185	3,550
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	25	15	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	90	45	45
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	65	30	35
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	45	20	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	20	10	5
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	510	275	235
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	30	15	20
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	230	125	105
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	150	85	65
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	90	45	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	22,445	10,935	11,515
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	80	45	40
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	45	25	20
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	5,550	2,455	3,100
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	55	30	25
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	40	20	20
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	15	5	5
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	5,495	2,420	3,075
Belarusan	355	170	185	0	0	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	115	55	60
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	25	15	15
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	135	70	60
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	55	25	30
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	45	20	20
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	585	255	325
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,020	470	550
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	170	95	75
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	70	30	35
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	30	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	15	5	10
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	3,155	1,325	1,830
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	70	35	40
Celtic languages	460	210	250	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	0	0	0
Welsh	150	65	85	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	5	5
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	3,645	1,605	2,040
Afrikaans	985	475	510	150	70	80
Danish	1,570	710	855	65	30	30
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	320	155	165
Frisian	135	60	75	5	5	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	2,965	1,295	1,670
Icelandic	85	40	45	15	5	10
Norwegian	380	170	210	75	25	50
Swedish	1,140	485	660	35	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	15	5	10
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	5
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	205	110	100
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	10,215	5,375	4,845
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	8,960	4,700	4,260
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	1,660	900	765
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	735	395	340
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	540	300	235
Kashmiri	275	140	140	10	5	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	5	5	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	55	35	25
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	325	165	160
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	15	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	1,955	1,065	895
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	95	50	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	215	105	105
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	3,340	1,670	1,670
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,110	595	510
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	55	35	20
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	280	155	130
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	770	410	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	150	80	70
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	2,690	1,325	1,365
Catalan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	200	100	95
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	340	135	205
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	355	185	170
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,795	900	895
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	0	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	150	50	95
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	5	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	445	200	245
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	30	10	20
Mongolian	345	155	190	35	15	25
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	855	455	400
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	75	50	30
Bamanankan	60	30	30	5	0	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	5	0	5
Ewe	370	185	190	20	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	10	5	5
Ga	440	200	245	10	10	5
Ganda	515	245	270	5	0	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	60	40	25
Lingala	375	175	200	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	35	25	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	50	20	30
Shona	680	325	355	45	20	25
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	160	90	75
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	210	105	105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	155	80	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	135	70	60
Dinka	45	25	15	40	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	95	50	40
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	85	40	40
American Sign Language	470	250	220	35	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	45	20	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	6,700	3,345	3,360
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	6,375	3,170	3,205
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	1,840	905	925
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	15	10	10
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	4,070	2,035	2,035
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	90	40	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	35	20	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	325	155	170
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	325	170	155
Burmese	1,005	450	555	95	60	30
Karenic languages	265	125	140	215	105	115
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	10	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	200	80	110
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	130	65	70
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	65	20	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	175	95	85
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	25	10	10
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	130	75	55
Uyghur	385	195	195	5	5	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	15	5	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	5	0	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	395	185	205
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	10	5	10
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	35	10	20
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	350	170	180
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	45	20	25
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	5,460	2,585	2,880
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	570	255	315
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	4,675	2,225	2,455
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	80	40	45
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	125	65	60
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	241,715	118,585	123,125
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	229,995	112,865	117,125
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	205,880	100,825	105,055
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	204,970	100,380	104,585
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	915	440	470
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	24,115	12,045	12,070
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	345	165	185
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	265	120	140
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	235	105	135
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	5	5	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	65	25	40
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	10	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	145	65	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	30	20	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	30	20	15
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	75	40	35
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	75	35	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	75	40	40
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	5	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	23,765	11,875	11,890
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	2,295	1,155	1,145
Berber languages	65	30	30	5	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	250	120	130
Bilen	40	15	20	10	5	10
Oromo	545	250	290	110	60	60
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	115	50	65
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	5	5	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	2,040	1,035	1,010
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	65	35	35
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	1,400	720	680
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	210	100	110
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	120	60	60
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	10	5	10
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	170	80	90
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	755	360	395
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	25	10	15
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	730	350	380
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	4,170	2,025	2,140
Bikol	85	35	45	5	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	190	95	100
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	40	25	15
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	65	35	35
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	20	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	5	5	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	3,790	1,835	1,960
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	10	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	30	20	15
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	30	15	20
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	20	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	10	5	10
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	255	135	125
Kannada	830	415	410	15	5	5
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	145	80	70
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	60	35	25
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	35	15	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	10,310	5,245	5,065
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	40	25	20
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	35	20	15
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,875	925	950
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	35	10	20
Latvian	600	245	355	25	10	15
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	5	5	5
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,840	915	930
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	60	30	30
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	15	5	10
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	40	20	20
Czech	1,415	685	730	5	5	0
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	35	20	20
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	200	90	105
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	590	300	290
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	130	70	60
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	25	10	15
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	15	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	0	0	0
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	680	335	350
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	40	20	20
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	320	165	155
Afrikaans	265	125	145	75	40	35
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	20	10	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	215	105	110
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	5	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	100	40	55
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	6,655	3,425	3,225
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	5,870	3,030	2,845
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	1,180	610	565
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	515	265	245
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	295	155	135
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	30	15	15
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	215	110	105
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	1,320	715	605
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	45	20	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	110	55	50
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	2,170	1,075	1,095
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	705	355	345
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	35	20	15
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	175	85	85
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	495	245	245
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	80	40	40
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,285	645	635
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	40	25	20
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	115	55	60
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	185	95	85
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	945	475	470
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	55	20	30
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	275	125	150
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	20	10	10
Mongolian	200	100	95	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	225	110	115
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	25	10	15
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	5	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	5
Lingala	95	40	55	0	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	15	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	10	5	5
Shona	235	115	125	15	5	10
Swahili	1,225	540	690	60	30	30
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	50	25	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	40	15	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	60	25	35
Dinka	15	5	5	20	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	35	20	20
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	95	55	45
American Sign Language	720	375	345	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	65	35	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	4,925	2,450	2,475
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	4,675	2,325	2,345
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	1,200	570	630
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	0	0	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	3,215	1,635	1,585
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	40	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	20	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	200	95	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	255	125	130
Burmese	575	260	310	55	30	25
Karenic languages	215	105	110	185	90	100
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	85	40	45
Lao	1,050	505	540	50	25	25
Thai	575	255	320	30	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	90	45	45
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	10	5	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	75	40	30
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	110	60	55
Estonian	650	240	410	10	0	5
Finnish	510	220	290	0	0	0
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	105	60	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	20	5	10
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	11,720	5,720	6,000
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	405	190	215
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	11,055	5,405	5,650
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	45	25	20
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	215	100	120
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	241,715	118,585	123,130
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	214,735	105,555	109,175
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	10,900	5,475	5,430
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	2,635	1,110	1,530
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	12,880	6,185	6,695
Aboriginal	480	205	275	1,110	480	630
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	11,770	5,700	6,075
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	65	30	30
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	325	165	165
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	170	70	100
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	196,320	95,590	100,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	188,755	92,135	96,620
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	39,694	47,342	33,736
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	188,780	92,135	96,640
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	35,570	41,263	30,906
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	174,280	86,445	87,835
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	38,346	46,713	31,067
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	125,345	52,970	72,375
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	3,613	1,847	4,430
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	148,890	76,135	72,760
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	38,295	45,938	31,525
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	196,375	95,605	100,775
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	188,740	92,195	96,550
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	51,746	61,712	42,229
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	188,760	92,200	96,565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	42,566	49,487	35,958
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	174,310	86,465	87,855
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	51,036	61,901	40,343
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	125,600	53,350	72,250
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,930	6,325	7,377
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	148,970	76,170	72,805
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	49,163	58,637	39,251
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	196,375	95,600	100,775
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	69,535	38,795	30,745
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	58,068	64,894	50,723
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	69,289	78,233	58,002
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	91.1	94.1	86.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	75.0	78.6	70.0
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	8.9	5.9	13.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	196,320	95,590	100,735
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	7,565	3,455	4,110
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	188,755	92,135	96,620
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.1	96.4	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	22,675	9,925	12,750
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	25,965	9,935	16,030
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	24,275	9,420	14,860
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	22,200	9,590	12,615
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	20,720	9,585	11,140
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	16,635	8,650	7,985
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	12,680	7,045	5,635
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	9,895	5,740	4,150
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	8,155	4,750	3,405
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	6,120	3,635	2,490
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	19,440	13,870	5,570
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	13,275	9,145	4,135
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	6,165	4,730	1,435
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	196,320	95,590	100,735
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	7,540	3,450	4,095
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	188,780	92,140	96,640
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.2	96.4	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	23,280	10,080	13,200
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	27,180	10,450	16,735
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	28,365	11,370	16,995
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	28,050	12,570	15,480
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	24,060	12,165	11,895
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	17,095	9,360	7,735
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	12,775	7,470	5,305
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	9,125	5,340	3,790
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	18,850	13,335	5,520
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	5,765	3,740	2,030
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	3,870	2,675	1,190
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	9,215	6,920	2,295
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	196,320	95,590	100,730
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	47,425	19,455	27,975
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	148,895	76,135	72,760
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	75.8	79.6	72.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	16,270	7,190	9,080
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	10,850	4,515	6,340
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	18,250	7,765	10,485
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	15,765	6,850	8,920
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	15,920	7,340	8,580
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	14,910	7,180	7,730
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	12,370	6,635	5,735
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	9,630	5,420	4,210
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	7,765	4,615	3,145
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	27,155	18,625	8,530
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	6,780	4,025	2,755
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	5,105	3,110	1,995
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	15,270	11,495	3,775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	98,155	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	78,859	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	68,359	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	28,405	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	41,652	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	36,730	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	69,755	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	99,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	85,554	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	98,165	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	99,495	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	81,853	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	28,415	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	51,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	42,491	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	69,745	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	118,938	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	97,889	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	98,155	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	1,505	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	945	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	1,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	3,345	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	3,885	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	3,095	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	3,520	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	3,880	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	3,955	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	3,710	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	7,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	6,740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	6,255	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	5,880	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	5,365	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	37,160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	11,165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	8,135	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	9,855	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	8,000	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	98,155	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	1,590	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	960	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	1,615	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	3,490	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	4,190	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	3,665	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	4,320	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	4,840	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	4,655	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	4,530	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	8,600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	7,915	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	7,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	6,575	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	5,865	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	28,000	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	11,085	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	7,200	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	9,710	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	65,125	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	99,113	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	85,081	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	24,405	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	95,124	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	80,931	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	28,090	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	124,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	105,431	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	10,170	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	54,532	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	50,786	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	65,070	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	119,189	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	97,770	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	24,415	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	115,191	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	93,232	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	28,020	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	144,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	117,725	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	10,280	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	66,570	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	58,007	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	43,415	21,145	22,270
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	36,962	39,899	34,487
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	33,354	35,314	31,511
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	43,560	21,275	22,285
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	46,177	49,927	42,596
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	38,414	40,954	35,989
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	240,340	118,175	122,165
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	107,505	50,645	56,860
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	22,275	10,855	11,420
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	21,905	9,520	12,385
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	20,360	9,480	10,880
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	20,945	10,065	10,885
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	22,025	10,730	11,295
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	132,835	67,535	65,300
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	23,055	11,580	11,470
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	24,730	12,355	12,370
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	26,550	13,490	13,065
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	29,150	14,880	14,270
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	29,350	15,225	14,125
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	240,340	118,180	122,165
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	52,175	26,745	25,430
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	18,565	9,525	9,040
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	158,315	78,425	79,890
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	29,850	13,005	16,845
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	30,915	14,135	16,775
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	10,095	5,145	4,945
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	3,855	1,970	1,885
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	17,470	7,990	9,485
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	3,345	1,000	2,350
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	12.9	12.0	13.7
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	19.3	19.2	19.4
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	20.8	20.7	20.9
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	11.0	10.2	11.9
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	11.2	7.7	14.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	18,650	9,210	9,435
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	5,305	2,725	2,575
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	2,095	1,065	1,030
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	12,725	6,250	6,475
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	620	235	390
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	7.8	7.8	7.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	10.2	10.2	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	11.3	11.2	11.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	8.0	8.0	8.1
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.1	1.8	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	240,410	118,195	122,220
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	236,855	116,615	120,240
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	236,730	116,555	120,170
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	16,025	7,280	8,745
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	57,465	27,575	29,890
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	2,550	1,040	1,515
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	2,165	915	1,245
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	1,985	855	1,135
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	570	225	345
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	115	45	70
Woods Cree	15	10	0	165	80	80
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	1,130	500	630
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	185	70	120
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	190	70	115
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	320	100	220
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	315	100	215
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	320	100	215
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	70	20	50
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	15	0	10
Dakota	10	0	0	20	10	15
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	54,970	26,550	28,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	4,065	2,055	2,005
Berber languages	245	135	110	15	15	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	10	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	430	175	255
Bilen	85	50	35	45	25	25
Oromo	1,390	590	800	105	40	70
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	295	115	180
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	3,720	1,915	1,810
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	275	120	155
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	2,680	1,440	1,240
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	445	210	240
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	200	95	105
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	95	45	50
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	375	165	210
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	230	115	115
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	20	20	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,465	725	740
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	80	45	35
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,395	685	710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	9,960	4,645	5,320
Bikol	580	260	325	60	25	30
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	690	295	400
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	85	40	50
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	255	120	135
Malagasy	90	45	45	10	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	100	50	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	70	30	40
Pangasinan	450	200	255	25	15	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	9,560	4,460	5,105
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	30	20	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	130	50	80
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	160	75	85
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	90	30	60
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	65	35	25
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	800	445	355
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	45	20	20
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	355	195	155
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	305	175	125
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	175	95	85
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	28,545	13,925	14,625
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	140	75	65
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	80	50	30
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	6,410	2,980	3,430
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	75	30	45
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	40	15	25
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	35	15	20
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	6,360	2,960	3,400
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	0	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	135	65	65
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	30	20	10
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	205	115	95
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	80	45	40
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	50	25	30
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	780	385	395
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,825	895	935
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	310	165	145
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	70	20	45
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	25	20	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	20	0	15
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	3,860	1,700	2,160
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	110	65	40
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	55	35	15
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	15	10	10
Welsh	235	115	125	15	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	25	20	10
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	4,375	1,970	2,410
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	305	160	145
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	100	65	35
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	325	160	165
Frisian	195	75	115	0	10	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	3,505	1,510	1,995
Icelandic	130	55	75	15	10	10
Norwegian	960	460	500	100	50	50
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	85	40	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	10	0	10
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	15	15	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	365	160	205
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	12,570	6,585	5,985
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	11,500	6,020	5,480
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	2,045	1,135	910
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	1,120	540	580
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	2,885	1,540	1,340
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	15	10	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	60	40	25
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	325	165	160
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	3,420	1,880	1,540
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	110	65	50
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	270	160	105
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	5,115	2,560	2,555
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,135	605	535
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	70	50	15
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	225	120	105
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	880	450	425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	135	65	70
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	5,265	2,455	2,805
Catalan	315	165	150	10	10	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	495	235	260
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	440	195	255
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	580	305	275
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	3,875	1,780	2,095
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	10	0	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	540	240	295
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	10	0	10
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	10
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	605	270	335
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	50	20	25
Mongolian	445	190	255	50	20	30
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,275	700	575
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	105	50	55
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	0	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	50	25	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	20	20	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	30	15	15
Ganda	865	410	455	0	0	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	205	125	80
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	35	20	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	65	30	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	35	15	20
Shona	1,175	515	655	45	30	15
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	275	160	115
Wolof	415	185	230	10	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	325	155	165
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	265	145	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	185	80	100
Dinka	85	65	25	55	30	25
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	130	50	75
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	640	195	445
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	340	100	240
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	300	90	205
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	7,175	3,495	3,690
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	6,905	3,360	3,545
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	2,210	1,065	1,150
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	0	0	0
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	5,020	2,430	2,590
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	105	45	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	40	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	315	160	160
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	270	130	145
Burmese	1,325	600	720	95	45	50
Karenic languages	245	115	135	165	75	90
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	30	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	195	70	125
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	125	55	75
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	80	25	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	360	180	180
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	20	10	10
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	295	155	140
Uyghur	490	225	265	10	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	15	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	25	0	20
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	445	215	235
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	10	0	10
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	75	25	50
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	365	185	180
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	120	60	60
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	240,410	118,190	122,215
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	213,800	104,875	108,925
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	46,240	23,680	22,560
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	167,560	81,195	86,370
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	26,610	13,315	13,295
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	240,410	118,190	122,220
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	193,510	94,745	98,765
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	42,530	21,125	21,405
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	5,190	2,565	2,625
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	2,120	1,070	1,045
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	3,960	2,045	1,920
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	13,320	6,570	6,755
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	3,820	1,825	1,990
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	9,505	4,740	4,760
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	17,935	8,875	9,055
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	4,365	2,320	2,050
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	42,530	21,130	21,405
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	4,280	2,095	2,180
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	8,000	4,205	3,800
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	6,930	3,175	3,755
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	19,700	9,740	9,955
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	3,615	1,900	1,710
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	42,530	21,125	21,405
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	3,285	1,590	1,700
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	75	20	55
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	315	150	165
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	335	155	185
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	50	20	30
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	20	10	10
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	260	150	110
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	215	115	100
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	90	35	55
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	50	25	25
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,145	545	600
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	725	360	360
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	7,450	3,825	3,620
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	210	90	125
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	130	85	45
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	50	20	35
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	660	315	345
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	165	90	75
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	125	70	55
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	320	205	115
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	200	105	100
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	270	115	155
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	540	280	260
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	140	65	70
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	330	165	165
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	225	95	130
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	210	115	95
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	1,125	570	555
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	2,030	1,075	960
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	705	360	345
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	3,660	1,830	1,830
Algeria	1,240	650	595	10	10	10
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	170	90	85
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	270	105	165
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	195	100	90
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	95	45	50
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	570	280	295
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	140	55	85
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	445	230	215
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,765	925	840
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	27,910	13,775	14,135
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	190	60	130
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	1,570	835	730
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	3,765	1,765	2,000
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	355	180	175
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	3,365	1,775	1,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	525	310	215
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	910	465	455
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	130	35	100
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	320	140	180
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	70	40	35
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	3,720	1,905	1,810
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	9,090	4,265	4,830
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	290	160	130
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	620	340	275
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	85	35	55
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	1,245	640	600
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,640	820	825
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	230	110	120
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	17,935	8,875	9,060
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	845	410	440
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	30	0	25
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	45	30	20
Cuba	1,200	535	660	10	10	0
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	185	110	80
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	140	80	55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	165	75	90
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	245	100	150
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,600	810	790
France	1,400	675	725	20	0	20
Germany	915	490	420	35	25	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	220	145	80
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	55	30	30
Romania	1,490	590	900	45	15	30
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	75	30	45
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	425	200	230
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	215	130	90
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	505	235	270
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	1,500	730	770
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	60	30	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	45	30	15
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	10	10	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	60	25	35
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	150	60	90
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	90	45	45
Morocco	365	145	220	55	20	30
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	395	190	205
Somalia	1,155	555	600	50	25	25
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	145	75	65
Tunisia	125	90	40	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	425	210	215
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	13,920	6,895	7,025
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	10	0	10
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	910	465	445
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	1,835	895	940
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	35	15	20
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	1,885	990	895
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	235	130	105
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	275	125	150
Israel	1,665	880	785	20	10	10
Japan	965	265	700	10	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	175	80	95
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	15	10	10
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	95	60	30
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	1,960	990	970
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	4,805	2,245	2,565
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	65	45	15
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	110	60	45
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	590	330	265
Taiwan	760	300	460	30	15	15
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	30	20	15
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	15	20	0
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	465	225	235
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	360	170	195
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	65	30	35
Australia	1,005	615	390	25	15	15
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	40	20	20
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	240,410	118,190	122,220
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	47,785	23,875	23,910
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	33,305	15,950	17,355
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	159,320	78,365	80,950
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	37,730	18,800	18,930
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	25,545	13,090	12,455
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	9,935	6,605	3,330
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	15,605	6,485	9,120
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	6,075	2,475	3,595
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	5,915	3,120	2,795
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	200	105	95
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	240,410	118,190	122,220
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	27,220	13,030	14,190
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	26,685	12,755	13,930
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	14,405	6,710	7,690
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	12,215	6,020	6,195
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	70	25	45
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	360	175	180
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	180	100	80
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	213,190	105,160	108,030
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	240,415	118,195	122,215
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	13,280	6,240	7,040
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	227,130	111,950	115,180
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	240,415	118,195	122,215
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	10,285	4,825	5,460
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	9,645	4,520	5,125
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	7,750	3,635	4,115
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	1,880	885	995
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	640	305	340
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	640	305	335
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	17,670	8,575	9,095
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	16,460	8,035	8,420
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	8,115	3,870	4,240
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	8,280	4,135	4,145
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	65	30	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	1,215	535	680
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	1,175	520	650
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	20	0	15
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	212,455	104,790	107,660
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	240,410	118,195	122,220
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	47,640	23,955	23,685
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	13,315	7,035	6,280
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	7,660	3,725	3,935
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	5,395	2,855	2,540
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	10,845	5,135	5,715
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,895	910	985
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	2,305	1,215	1,090
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	2,205	1,115	1,090
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,145	585	565
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	570	240	325
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	410	180	230
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	445	230	210
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,455	735	720
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	192,770	94,240	98,535
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	240,410	118,190	122,220
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	27,955	13,400	14,555
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	17,720	8,345	9,375
Inuit	1,360	645	710	120	50	70
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	12,000	5,860	6,140
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	45,470	22,580	22,890
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	205	120	85
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	3,090	1,465	1,625
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	43,145	21,450	21,695
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	20	10	10
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	0	0	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	0	10	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	65	30	40
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	25	0	20
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	167,365	81,495	85,865
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	92,840	45,345	47,495
Channel Islander	445	235	210	0	0	0
Cornish	205	105	95	20	15	10
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	54,125	26,275	27,855
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	35,360	16,965	18,395
Manx	815	475	345	40	25	15
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	42,255	20,315	21,940
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	4,710	2,195	2,515
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	3,950	1,910	2,040
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	27,860	13,585	14,285
Alsatian	355	140	215	0	0	0
Breton	60	35	20	0	10	0
Corsican	60	30	30	10	10	10
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	27,860	13,580	14,275
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	71,215	34,525	36,690
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	3,380	1,535	1,845
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	1,725	810	915
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	8,380	4,060	4,315
Flemish	910	430	475	175	70	105
Frisian	400	230	165	20	10	10
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	62,825	30,595	32,230
Luxembourger	305	145	155	125	60	70
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,035	480	560
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	24,345	11,420	12,925
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	2,130	1,010	1,120
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	1,130	465	665
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	1,885	930	950
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	14,875	6,860	8,020
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	6,775	3,110	3,665
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	800	420	380
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	59,855	29,090	30,770
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	105	60	45
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	90	45	50
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	1,080	515	560
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	695	270	425
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	105	65	40
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	5,155	2,475	2,680
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	140	65	70
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	295	135	160
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	235	105	120
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	14,250	6,715	7,530
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	2,265	1,060	1,205
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	10,050	4,900	5,150
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	375	190	190
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	38,410	18,755	19,655
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	80	30	50
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	8,475	4,160	4,315
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	140	80	65
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	215	100	115
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	885	485	400
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	15	0	10
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	700	335	365
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	3,295	1,670	1,625
Kosovar	485	255	225	15	15	10
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	60	15	45
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	55	25	35
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	25	15	15
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	815	345	465
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	330	185	145
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	30	15	15
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	200	85	120
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	2,010	950	1,065
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	195	80	115
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	0	0	0
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,025	470	555
Basque	815	400	415	20	10	10
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	455	215	240
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	45	20	30
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	50	25	30
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	450	195	250
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	1,340	765	575
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	10	0	10
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	40	25	15
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	15	15	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	10	10	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	85	55	30
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	50	35	10
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	60	35	30
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	755	450	310
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	0	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	25	10	20
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	25	10	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	180	75	100
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	70	30	35
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	80	45	40
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	2,380	1,100	1,280
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	140	85	60
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	70	25	45
Belizean	355	170	185	30	15	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	10	10	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	105	40	65
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	310	125	185
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	385	170	220
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	25	0	20
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	65	50	20
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	70	30	45
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	85	45	40
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	45	25	25
Honduran	1,750	810	940	15	10	10
Maya	1,135	555	575	30	10	20
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	470	225	245
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	45	25	20
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	15	0	10
Paraguayan	305	140	160	15	15	10
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	190	85	105
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	330	160	175
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	15	10	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	25	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	75	40	35
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	5,765	3,035	2,730
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	1,505	840	670
Akan	700	395	305	0	10	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	10	0	10
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	145	65	75
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	120	80	45
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	10
Ewe	160	90	70	10	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	265	155	110
Guinean	680	335	340	30	15	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	235	145	85
Ivorian	615	285	330	10	10	0
Liberian	335	140	200	35	10	25
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	460	235	220
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	20	15	0
Togolese	315	205	105	30	20	10
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	145	85	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	55	20	35
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	975	545	430
Algerian	1,700	835	870	0	0	0
Berber	680	365	315	20	15	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	35	15	20
Dinka	35	25	10	25	0	20
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	210	110	100
Libyan	1,275	685	600	60	25	30
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	120	45	75
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	465	290	175
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	30	20	10
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	35	25	10
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,340	1,135	1,205
Afrikaner	340	175	170	10	10	10
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	10	10	0
Burundian	710	385	325	110	60	45
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	615	275	340
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	325	155	170
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	50	20	30
Malagasy	180	75	100	10	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	50	25	30
Oromo	830	370	460	100	40	55
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	10	0	10
Seychellois	165	65	95	10	10	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	350	145	205
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	365	190	175
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	20	10	10
Tigrian	410	210	200	40	30	15
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	0	0	0
Zambian	385	195	190	110	55	60
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	85	55	25
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	210	120	85
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,130	640	490
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	80	45	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,065	600	465
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	41,565	20,635	20,925
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	4,960	2,480	2,485
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	325	130	195
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	575	270	305
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	130	75	50
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	175	90	85
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	35	20	15
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	25	15	10
Hazara	515	280	235	10	10	10
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	875	480	395
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	1,060	540	525
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	25	0	20
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	40	20	20
Kazakh	975	445	530	20	0	15
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	75	45	35
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	10	10	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	10	0	15
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	495	220	280
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	100	50	45
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	85	50	40
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	40	15	25
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	585	310	275
Tajik	1,425	670	755	0	0	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	25	0	20
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	435	225	215
Turkmen	405	205	200	15	0	15
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	30	10	25
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	25	10	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	110	50	65
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	13,250	6,980	6,270
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	1,190	645	540
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	340	210	130
Bhutanese	150	80	65	105	60	40
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	7,505	3,985	3,515
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	25	20	10
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	65	30	35
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	50	30	20
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	210	105	100
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	3,215	1,605	1,610
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	675	355	320
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	40	20	15
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	340	200	140
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	40	20	15
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	595	295	295
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	23,315	11,135	12,185
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	160	70	90
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	100	55	45
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	9,245	4,510	4,730
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	11,505	5,480	6,025
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	90	45	45
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	540	235	305
Karen	265	115	145	125	60	65
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	590	250	335
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	245	105	135
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	80	30	45
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	70	30	40
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	0	0	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	110	45	65
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	120	45	80
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	25	10	15
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,700	835	860
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	55	25	25
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	410	185	225
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	405	180	225
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	445	240	210
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	255	165	95
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	120	60	60
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	80	20	55
Fijian	1,185	495	690	10	0	0
Hawaiian	225	115	115	0	0	0
Maori	200	105	90	30	0	30
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	10	10	0
Samoan	90	45	50	25	10	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	98,165	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	65,500	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	32,660	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	98,165	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	19,065	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	79,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	98,165	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	470	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	11,975	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	24,535	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	30,530	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	30,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	98,165	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	26,530	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	15,395	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	12,820	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	11,745	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	31,670	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	98,165	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	95,800	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	2,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	98,165	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	93,195	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	4,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	98,160	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	18,290	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	32,795	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	15,825	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	8,080	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	4,845	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	7,060	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	11,265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	98,160	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	93,540	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	4,615	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	98,165	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	56,475	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	38,555	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	3,135	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	98,160	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	5,420	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	19,345	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	17,675	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	18,020	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	17,535	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	10,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	6,715	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	2,945	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	98,060	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	73,835	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	24,230	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	21,140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	65,490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	63.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	14.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,323	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,373	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	349,907	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	382,048	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	32,660	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	16.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	45.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,062	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,127	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	196,375	95,600	100,775
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	28,350	14,670	13,680
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	57,135	29,860	27,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	110,895	51,075	59,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	16,870	11,975	4,895
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	6,840	3,665	3,170
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	10,035	8,305	1,725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	33,875	11,980	21,900
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	5,720	2,415	3,305
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	54,425	24,710	29,715
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	37,195	16,150	21,050
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	2,410	1,105	1,305
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	2,015	1,020	990
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	9,880	4,485	5,395
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	2,920	1,945	980
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	133,025	65,645	67,375
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	10,700	6,225	4,465
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	33,725	18,340	15,385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	88,595	41,070	47,525
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	12,705	9,315	3,390
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	5,045	2,890	2,155
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	7,655	6,425	1,230
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	26,715	9,915	16,800
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	4,140	1,805	2,335
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	45,040	20,040	25,000
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	30,525	13,150	17,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	1,905	830	1,070
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	1,685	795	895
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	8,590	3,785	4,810
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	2,335	1,485	850
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	196,375	95,600	100,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	85,485	44,530	40,955
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	10,080	2,915	7,170
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	10,085	2,910	7,170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	3,150	1,525	1,625
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	685	510	180
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	2,460	1,015	1,445
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	5,335	2,325	3,010
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	400	95	305
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	1,280	425	850
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	1,020	365	660
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	15	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	430	280	145
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	1,225	680	545
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	790	435	360
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	165	40	125
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	10,170	3,525	6,645
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	240	50	185
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	530	220	305
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	1,590	130	1,455
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,825	655	1,170
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	215	90	125
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	2,065	530	1,530
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	3,710	1,845	1,870
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	22,950	7,765	15,185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	60	10	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	2,005	420	1,585
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	20,885	7,335	13,550
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	5,260	2,730	2,530
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	3,110	1,380	1,730
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	395	195	200
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	30	10	20
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	1,440	1,030	410
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	285	115	170
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	3,815	2,330	1,485
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	2,930	2,005	930
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	420	25	395
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	395	260	135
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	70	40	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	21,175	19,295	1,880
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	550	360	190
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	5,225	4,375	850
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	3,520	3,035	485
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	5,120	4,970	150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	4,455	4,340	110
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	2,305	2,215	90
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	2,975	1,820	1,150
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	2,425	1,495	930
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	550	325	225
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	19,680	3,985	15,695
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,560	730	825
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	17,455	2,905	14,550
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	665	350	315
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	6,285	2,855	3,435
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	4,150	1,055	3,095
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	45	40	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	1,045	820	225
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,055	945	115
Other	335	95	235	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	15	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	133,020	65,645	67,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	44,425	24,570	19,855
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	7,250	1,965	5,285
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	7,255	1,970	5,285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	2,580	1,275	1,300
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	530	390	140
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	2,045	890	1,165
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	4,180	1,780	2,405
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	330	75	255
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	1,015	325	695
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	835	285	545
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	20	10	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	345	230	115
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	875	495	385
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	645	335	310
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	110	25	85
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	8,580	2,940	5,640
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	225	55	175
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	515	210	305
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	1,320	125	1,195
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,550	510	1,035
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	170	65	105
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	1,550	390	1,165
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	3,250	1,580	1,675
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	18,575	6,430	12,145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	50	0	45
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	1,675	345	1,330
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	16,855	6,085	10,765
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	4,170	2,180	1,985
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	2,440	1,095	1,340
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	305	140	160
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	30	10	20
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,170	830	340
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	220	105	115
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	3,320	2,055	1,270
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	2,670	1,815	855
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	315	15	300
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	275	190	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	65	35	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	17,010	15,410	1,600
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	450	295	150
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	4,380	3,620	760
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	2,940	2,505	430
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	3,950	3,840	110
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	3,540	3,465	80
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	1,745	1,685	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	2,490	1,485	1,005
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	2,005	1,195	810
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	490	290	200
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	15,410	3,150	12,260
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	1,200	560	640
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	13,625	2,285	11,340
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	585	300	285
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	5,015	2,390	2,625
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	3,225	875	2,350
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	25	30	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	860	670	195
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	900	815	80
Other	285	80	205	15	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	15	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	196,375	95,605	100,775
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	85,480	44,530	40,955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	110,895	51,075	59,820
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	91,970	41,635	50,335
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	75,565	33,280	42,285
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	16,405	8,350	8,055
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	18,920	9,440	9,485
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	1,990	1,065	920
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	4,495	2,000	2,495
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,925	985	935
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	1,085	640	445
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	1,565	685	880
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	105	55	45
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	7,770	4,015	3,755
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	133,025	65,645	67,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	44,425	24,570	19,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	88,600	41,070	47,525
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	71,980	32,870	39,105
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	58,830	26,150	32,685
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	13,145	6,725	6,420
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	16,620	8,200	8,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	1,400	715	685
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	4,290	1,905	2,385
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,715	855	860
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	710	440	265
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,440	610	830
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	90	50	40
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	6,970	3,610	3,360
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	196,375	95,600	100,770
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	138,225	71,805	66,425
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	128,785	66,405	62,380
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	9,440	5,395	4,040
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	58,145	23,800	34,350
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	70.4	75.1	65.9
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	65.6	69.5	61.9
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	6.8	7.5	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	196,375	95,600	100,775
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	51,955	20,885	31,070
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	144,420	74,715	69,705
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	71,550	40,145	31,405
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	72,870	34,570	38,300
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.4	43.0	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	138,230	71,805	66,425
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	2,185	1,030	1,160
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	136,040	70,775	65,265
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	122,840	62,795	60,045
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	13,205	7,980	5,220
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	138,225	71,805	66,425
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	2,185	1,030	1,155
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	136,045	70,775	65,265
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	13,255	8,285	4,970
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	19,680	5,760	13,920
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	9,365	7,145	2,225
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	11,470	2,205	9,265
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	17,635	6,240	11,395
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	3,300	1,355	1,950
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	33,090	14,260	18,825
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	21,655	20,330	1,325
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	2,795	2,295	500
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	3,810	2,905	900
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	138,225	71,800	66,425
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	2,185	1,030	1,160
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	136,045	70,775	65,265
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,905	1,265	640
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	3,855	3,195	660
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	685	530	160
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	12,275	10,850	1,425
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	7,230	5,510	1,720
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	5,345	4,010	1,335
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	15,620	7,535	8,085
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	5,640	4,490	1,150
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	2,595	1,280	1,320
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	4,060	1,465	2,595
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	2,465	1,480	980
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	8,820	4,825	3,995
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	780	395	380
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	4,405	2,560	1,845
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	13,940	5,140	8,795
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	18,240	3,400	14,840
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	2,655	1,255	1,400
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	11,425	4,645	6,780
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	6,655	2,995	3,660
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	7,460	3,960	3,500
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	128,790	66,405	62,385
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	6,770	3,035	3,740
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	300	185	115
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	15,650	11,940	3,710
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	106,065	51,250	54,820
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	106,070	51,245	54,820
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	97,525	45,450	52,080
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	4,640	3,110	1,530
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	3,105	2,155	950
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	795	535	265
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	121,715	63,185	58,525
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	97,860	53,180	44,680
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	7,510	2,390	5,125
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	6,205	2,315	3,895
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	5,550	2,545	3,005
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	2,735	1,725	1,015
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,845	1,030	815
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	121,720	63,190	58,530
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	42,490	20,045	22,445
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	61,760	32,650	29,115
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	11,140	6,565	4,565
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	2,710	1,525	1,185
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	3,615	2,400	1,215
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	121,715	63,185	58,530
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	5,690	4,120	1,570
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	19,335	12,785	6,555
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	39,765	20,695	19,070
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	26,095	11,085	15,015
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	12,620	5,315	7,295
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	18,210	9,185	9,025
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	148,770	76,655	72,115
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	147,815	76,225	71,595
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	146,690	75,655	71,040
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	146,195	75,510	70,685
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	490	145	350
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	1,125	570	555
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	15	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	15	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	1,105	560	550
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	35	30	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	35	25	10
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	20	25	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	155	85	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	155	90	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	80	45	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	70	40	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	10
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	10	0	10
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	165	65	105
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	45	20	30
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	45	20	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	15	10	10
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	75	35	40
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	50	25	30
Bengali	300	145	155	10	10	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	15	10	10
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	10	0	10
Urdu	985	480	505	15	10	10
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	25	10	15
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	20	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	45	10	35
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	0	0	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	35	10	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	35	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	35	20	15
American Sign Language	245	80	170	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	565	295	275
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	555	285	270
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	110	60	55
Hakka	35	10	25	10	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	410	205	210
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	35	25	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	10	10	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	10	0	10
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	10	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	955	430	525
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	185	65	120
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	765	365	400
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	148,770	76,655	72,115
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	143,970	74,455	69,510
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	735	275	460
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	1,070	450	620
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	2,925	1,435	1,495
Aboriginal	155	50	105	170	60	105
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	2,760	1,370	1,390
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	0	0	10
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	60	35	25
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	237,130	116,470	120,655
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	194,335	95,570	98,765
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	42,790	20,900	21,895
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	29,780	14,645	15,140
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	13,010	6,260	6,750
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	8,530	4,050	4,480
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	5,240	2,500	2,750
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	3,285	1,550	1,730
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	4,480	2,210	2,270
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	224,720	110,180	114,535
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	116,605	56,875	59,730
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	108,110	53,305	54,805
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	63,860	31,690	32,170
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	44,250	21,610	22,640
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	26,655	13,010	13,645
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	15,250	7,305	7,945
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	11,400	5,710	5,695
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	17,595	8,600	9,000