Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Victoria [Population centre], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Victoria British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Victoria [Population centre], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	335,696	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	314,596r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	158,734	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	149,903	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,555.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	215.88	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	335,690	161,285	174,405
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	43,395	22,075	21,315
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	14,235	7,165	7,075
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	14,630	7,525	7,105
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	14,525	7,385	7,140
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	220,495	107,375	113,120
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	16,570	8,270	8,300
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	22,920	11,545	11,380
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	22,615	11,270	11,345
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	22,410	11,205	11,200
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	20,830	10,345	10,485
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	19,820	9,590	10,235
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	21,565	10,445	11,125
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	23,895	11,530	12,370
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	25,100	11,730	13,365
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	24,765	11,450	13,310
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	71,805	31,840	39,970
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	23,155	10,820	12,335
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	16,280	7,655	8,625
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	11,470	5,230	6,240
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	9,095	4,000	5,090
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	11,810	4,135	7,675
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	6,685	2,575	4,115
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	3,895	1,260	2,630
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	1,080	275	810
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	150	25	130
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	12.9	13.7	12.2
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	65.7	66.6	64.9
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	21.4	19.7	22.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	3.5	2.6	4.4
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	44.1	42.9	45.3
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	44.8	43.1	46.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	149,900	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	54,625	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	10,395	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	83,645	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	5,470	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	9,930	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	24,185	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	43,785	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	270	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	1,240	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	149,905	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	51,335	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	55,595	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	19,790	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	15,610	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	7,575	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	325,940	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	292,295	139,210	153,090
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	160,820	80,175	80,645
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	129,410	64,470	64,940
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	31,410	15,705	15,710
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	131,480	59,040	72,440
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	81,640	43,455	38,190
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	8,045	3,485	4,560
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	24,340	8,580	15,760
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	17,450	3,520	13,930
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	91,795	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	54,800	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	18,170	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	14,570	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	4,250	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	91,790	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	78,100	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	62,395	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	15,700	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	13,695	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	10,715	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	2,985	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	78,095	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	45,555	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	32,540	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	14,565	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	13,875	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	4,100	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	13,695	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	9,245	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	3,605	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	81,185	36,595	44,595
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	149,905	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	87,395	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	43,395	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	44,000	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	2,170	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	60,335	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	51,330	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	9,005	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	330,320	158,840	171,485
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	293,490	142,450	151,040
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	140	55	80
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	33,630	15,060	18,570
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	3,060	1,265	1,790
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	330,320	158,835	171,485
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	321,080	154,555	166,525
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	5,350	2,640	2,710
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	915	425	490
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	2,975	1,220	1,760
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	5,805	2,850	2,955
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	330,325	158,835	171,485
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	325,395	156,535	168,860
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	279,115	135,810	143,305
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	273,610	133,105	140,505
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	5,510	2,710	2,795
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	46,280	20,720	25,560
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	230	100	125
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	35	15	20
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	25	15	15
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	10	10	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	5	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	10	5	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	15	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	5	0	5	5	0	5
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	130	65	65
Comox	0	0	0	5	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	40	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	70	35	35
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	25	5	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	46,045	20,615	25,430
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	1,655	905	750
Berber languages	220	130	90	10	5	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	80	40	40
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	20	15	10
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	60	30	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	1,560	860	705
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	105	45	60
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,235	695	545
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	5	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	110	55	50
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	25	15	10
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	75	35	40
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	1,085	490	595
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	135	65	70
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	950	425	525
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	3,890	1,475	2,420
Bikol	470	210	260	10	5	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	240	90	155
Fijian	55	25	25	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	45	25	25
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	190	70	115
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	95	30	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	10	5	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	10	10	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	3,230	1,225	2,005
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	15	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	40	10	30
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	40	20	20
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	20	15	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	15	5	10
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	345	185	160
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	25	10	10
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	90	45	40
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	135	70	70
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	95	55	45
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	22,545	10,485	12,060
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	130	70	60
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	40	25	15
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	4,010	1,785	2,220
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	100	55	45
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	50	30	25
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	50	25	20
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	3,910	1,730	2,180
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	5	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	30	10	20
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	110	50	60
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	385	190	190
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	320	145	175
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	15	5	10
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	1,005	455	550
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,010	415	590
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	185	85	95
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	90	40	45
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	125	55	65
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	75	30	40
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	550	225	325
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	15	15	5
Celtic languages	460	210	250	80	40	40
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	30	20	10
Welsh	150	65	85	40	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	10	0	10
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	6,540	2,900	3,640
Afrikaans	985	475	510	150	80	70
Danish	1,570	710	855	385	170	215
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	1,725	805	925
Frisian	135	60	75	20	10	10
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	3,810	1,640	2,165
Icelandic	85	40	45	25	10	10
Norwegian	380	170	210	190	90	100
Swedish	1,140	485	660	165	70	100
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	25	10	20
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	40	20	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	5	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	300	175	130
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	6,065	3,000	3,065
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	5,130	2,520	2,610
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	145	65	75
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	145	70	70
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	510	270	240
Kashmiri	275	140	140	5	5	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	15	10	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	30	10	15
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	70	35	35
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	3,835	1,830	1,995
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	50	30	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	75	40	35
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	265	145	115
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	905	465	440
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	10	10	5
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	50	30	20
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	850	430	420
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	5,390	2,490	2,900
Catalan	165	90	75	5	0	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	985	480	500
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	1,320	605	715
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	290	135	150
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	2,785	1,270	1,520
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	5
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	1,400	380	1,020
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	5	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	5	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	1,580	655	930
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	0	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	275	140	140
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	20	10	10
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	5	5	0
Ga	440	200	245	0	0	0
Ganda	515	245	270	10	0	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	10	0	10
Lingala	375	175	200	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	30	15	20
Shona	680	325	355	15	5	10
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	65	35	35
Wolof	160	90	80	15	10	5
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	80	35	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	15	10	5
Dinka	45	25	15	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	10	5	5
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	95	55	40
American Sign Language	470	250	220	35	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	55	40	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	11,720	5,210	6,510
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	11,640	5,160	6,475
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	5,070	2,315	2,760
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	45	15	35
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	5,665	2,450	3,210
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	210	95	120
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	125	50	75
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	510	235	275
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	85	50	30
Burmese	1,005	450	555	35	20	10
Karenic languages	265	125	140	5	5	5
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	40	20	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	295	75	215
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	15	10	10
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	275	70	205
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	5	5	5
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	180	105	70
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	15	10	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	155	90	60
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	5	5	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	890	405	485
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	50	15	35
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	230	85	145
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	610	305	305
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	25	15	10
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	4,930	2,305	2,625
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	960	430	530
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	3,710	1,750	1,960
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	135	65	70
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	125	55	65
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	330,325	158,835	171,485
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	321,210	154,695	166,520
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	302,125	145,955	156,170
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	300,445	145,145	155,295
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	1,680	810	870
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	19,085	8,735	10,355
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	35	10	25
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	30	10	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	20	5	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	19,050	8,720	10,330
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	820	400	420
Berber languages	65	30	30	5	5	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	35	15	20
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	5	0	5
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	25	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	780	380	395
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	30	10	20
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	655	330	325
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	45	20	20
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	45	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	590	275	315
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	70	35	30
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	525	240	285
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	1,530	670	860
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	60	25	35
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	10	5	5
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	65	20	40
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	15	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	1,380	610	770
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	5	0	5
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	130	70	60
Kannada	830	415	410	10	0	5
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	40	20	20
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	45	25	20
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	35	20	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	6,680	3,150	3,535
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	70	30	40
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	15	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,085	500	585
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	0	0	0
Latvian	600	245	355	0	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	0	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,090	505	585
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	5	5	0
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	45	25	25
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	110	55	60
Czech	1,415	685	730	65	25	40
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	5	5	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	255	125	130
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	420	190	225
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	60	25	35
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	20	15	10
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	10	5	10
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	70	25	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	5	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	5	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	655	310	340
Afrikaans	265	125	145	40	20	20
Danish	135	65	75	20	10	15
Dutch	655	300	350	125	50	70
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	440	220	220
Icelandic	20	5	15	5	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	10	5	5
Swedish	220	100	120	15	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	5	5	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	50	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	3,050	1,455	1,590
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	2,590	1,230	1,360
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	70	35	35
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	30	20	20
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	180	90	90
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	15	5	5
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	35	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	2,060	960	1,095
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	25	15	10
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	155	75	75
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	450	225	225
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	25	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	420	210	215
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,745	805	945
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	150	60	85
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	440	200	240
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	105	45	60
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,060	500	560
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	495	190	305
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	5	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	5	5	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	1,010	440	570
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	75	30	45
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	15	5	5
Shona	235	115	125	10	5	5
Swahili	1,225	540	690	15	10	10
Wolof	80	45	35	0	5	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	20	5	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	130	70	55
American Sign Language	720	375	345	25	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	100	60	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	7,290	3,295	4,000
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	7,260	3,275	3,985
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	2,840	1,305	1,540
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	10	5	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	3,975	1,775	2,195
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	70	30	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	70	35	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	300	130	170
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	30	15	15
Burmese	575	260	310	15	10	5
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	90	35	50
Lao	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Thai	575	255	320	85	35	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	45	15	25
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	5	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	35	15	20
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	160	75	85
Estonian	650	240	410	5	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	30	10	20
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	125	60	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	5	5	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	9,110	4,145	4,965
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	615	290	325
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	8,255	3,745	4,515
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	40	20	25
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	190	95	95
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	330,320	158,840	171,485
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	299,930	145,115	154,820
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	9,120	4,250	4,870
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	4,415	1,980	2,440
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	16,230	7,220	9,015
Aboriginal	480	205	275	340	155	185
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	15,890	7,065	8,825
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	65	25	35
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	210	105	110
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	340	140	200
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	282,660	134,760	147,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	274,395	130,695	143,705
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	37,458	43,512	33,021
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	274,720	130,940	143,780
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	33,282	37,831	29,908
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	254,775	121,940	132,835
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	34,734	41,532	29,308
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	192,855	82,450	110,410
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	5,303	4,943	5,448
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	206,915	102,390	104,525
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	32,520	37,843	28,334
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	282,635	134,745	147,895
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	274,335	130,635	143,705
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	48,193	56,290	40,833
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	274,695	130,925	143,765
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	40,099	45,555	35,130
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	254,790	121,900	132,885
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	46,309	55,386	37,982
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	192,660	82,350	110,305
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,382	7,306	7,439
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	206,930	102,700	104,230
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	42,046	48,824	35,367
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	282,640	134,740	147,895
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	89,220	48,575	40,645
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	54,211	59,595	49,412
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	62,274	68,399	54,953
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	89.2	91.8	86.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	66.2	68.9	62.9
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	10.8	8.2	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	282,660	134,760	147,905
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	8,260	4,065	4,195
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	274,395	130,690	143,705
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	97.1	97.0	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	33,705	14,740	18,965
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	42,840	17,255	25,580
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	36,250	14,650	21,605
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	32,515	13,925	18,590
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	30,020	13,315	16,705
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	24,475	11,730	12,745
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	18,925	10,380	8,545
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	15,210	8,630	6,580
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	11,375	6,770	4,605
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	7,985	4,830	3,155
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	21,100	14,470	6,635
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	14,465	9,700	4,765
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	6,640	4,775	1,870
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	282,660	134,760	147,900
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	7,940	3,815	4,125
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	274,720	130,940	143,780
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	97.2	97.2	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	35,700	15,655	20,045
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	45,045	18,520	26,525
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	43,680	18,165	25,520
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	38,705	16,845	21,865
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	33,845	15,650	18,190
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	25,035	13,450	11,595
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	18,215	10,555	7,655
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	12,440	7,280	5,155
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	22,050	14,825	7,225
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	7,120	4,520	2,600
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	4,375	2,915	1,455
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	10,560	7,385	3,170
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	282,660	134,760	147,900
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	75,750	32,370	43,375
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	206,910	102,385	104,525
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	73.2	76.0	70.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	34,115	15,830	18,285
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	15,190	6,500	8,685
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	26,370	11,455	14,915
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	22,280	10,000	12,275
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	20,725	9,405	11,320
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	20,220	8,860	11,360
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	16,295	7,905	8,395
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	12,675	7,165	5,505
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	11,030	6,410	4,620
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	28,015	18,865	9,155
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	8,550	5,235	3,315
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	5,760	3,625	2,135
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	13,705	10,000	3,705
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	149,900	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	69,544	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	60,450	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	51,330	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	37,841	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	33,575	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	98,575	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	92,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	79,910	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	149,890	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	88,206	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	73,487	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	51,300	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	47,314	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	39,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	98,590	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	109,484	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	90,940	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	149,900	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	3,085	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	1,940	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	4,595	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	5,955	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	6,375	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	5,690	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	6,105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	6,350	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	6,330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	6,280	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	12,040	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	10,725	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	10,200	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	9,155	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	8,050	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	47,025	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	15,995	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	11,010	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	11,590	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	8,435	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	149,905	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	3,285	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	1,980	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	4,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	6,225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	7,475	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	7,000	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	7,505	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	7,655	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	7,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	7,545	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	13,445	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	12,380	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	11,025	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	9,530	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	8,050	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	34,610	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	14,910	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	8,760	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	10,940	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	91,335	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	93,342	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	80,683	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	42,975	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	87,882	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	76,044	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	32,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	118,369	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	101,219	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	13,030	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	54,806	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	49,405	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	91,415	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	110,826	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	91,674	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	43,065	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	107,074	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	87,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	32,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	134,646	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	111,225	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	12,935	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	64,469	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	56,004	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	74,755	33,990	40,770
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	32,507	32,699	32,345
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	29,254	29,213	29,284
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	74,550	33,935	40,615
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	41,446	43,023	40,128
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	35,337	36,161	34,649
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	325,940	156,775	169,165
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	151,110	70,265	80,845
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	35,645	17,145	18,505
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	28,235	12,500	15,735
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	27,455	12,610	14,850
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	28,680	13,260	15,425
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	31,095	14,755	16,340
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	174,830	86,505	88,320
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	32,705	15,705	16,995
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	34,620	17,040	17,580
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	36,210	18,010	18,200
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	37,375	18,750	18,625
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	33,915	16,995	16,920
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	321,420	154,615	166,805
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	51,675	26,250	25,425
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	16,745	8,395	8,350
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	205,380	99,150	106,230
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	64,370	29,215	35,145
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	42,405	19,510	22,900
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	7,840	4,095	3,740
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	2,460	1,270	1,190
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	27,625	12,780	14,835
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	6,945	2,630	4,320
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	13.2	12.6	13.7
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	15.2	15.6	14.7
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	14.7	15.1	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	13.5	12.9	14.0
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	10.8	9.0	12.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	30,195	14,635	15,560
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	4,845	2,490	2,360
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	1,355	695	655
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	23,290	11,305	11,980
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	2,060	845	1,220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.4	9.5	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	9.4	9.5	9.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	8.1	8.3	7.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	11.3	11.4	11.3
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	3.2	2.9	3.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	325,855	156,760	169,100
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	322,825	155,515	167,305
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	322,715	155,475	167,235
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	33,335	14,780	18,555
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	63,980	29,045	34,935
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	625	280	350
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	125	50	75
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	110	45	65
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	35	20	20
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	20	0	20
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	55	25	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	15	0	10
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	25	15	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	25	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	20	0	10
Salish languages	10	0	0	360	170	185
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	295	135	160
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	35	25	10
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	15	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	75	30	50
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	55	20	35
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	25	0	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	63,395	28,790	34,605
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	2,265	1,225	1,040
Berber languages	245	135	110	10	10	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	120	50	75
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	25	10	15
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	90	35	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	2,130	1,170	960
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	140	60	75
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	1,635	940	695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	10	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	310	140	170
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	40	20	15
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	65	30	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	20	15	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,365	630	730
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	160	85	70
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,210	550	665
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	5,190	1,860	3,330
Bikol	580	260	325	10	10	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	360	155	205
Fijian	50	20	30	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	95	35	70
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	285	105	175
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	300	115	185
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	25	10	15
Pangasinan	450	200	255	20	15	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	4,675	1,660	3,020
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	25	10	20
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	95	40	50
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	150	80	75
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	75	55	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	60	15	45
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	420	230	180
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	30	20	10
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	155	95	65
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	185	100	85
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	95	45	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	35,355	16,455	18,895
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	145	95	50
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	60	30	30
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	4,655	2,150	2,510
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	85	50	35
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	45	25	20
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	40	25	15
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	4,575	2,095	2,480
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	10	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	50	10	40
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	155	75	75
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	680	350	330
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	495	230	265
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	15	10	10
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	1,065	470	595
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,595	705	890
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	215	100	115
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	55	45	15
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	140	75	65
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	50	15	35
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	655	290	370
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	15	10	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	130	60	70
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	60	25	35
Welsh	235	115	125	40	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	30	15	20
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	10,215	4,710	5,500
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	525	265	265
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	570	260	310
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	1,905	940	965
Frisian	195	75	115	30	10	30
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	6,895	3,145	3,750
Icelandic	130	55	75	95	55	40
Norwegian	960	460	500	275	145	130
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	320	150	175
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	55	25	30
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	50	10	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	510	265	245
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	7,840	3,945	3,895
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	6,735	3,400	3,340
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	140	50	85
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	195	105	90
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	1,870	985	890
Kashmiri	475	240	235	10	10	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	15	10	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	45	25	25
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	95	25	70
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	5,220	2,590	2,635
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	70	30	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	70	30	35
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	525	300	225
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,105	540	560
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	20	10	10
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	35	25	0
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,070	515	550
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	75	50	20
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	13,460	5,965	7,495
Catalan	315	165	150	55	25	25
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	2,115	915	1,200
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	1,640	780	865
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	295	135	160
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	10,065	4,385	5,675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	50	25	30
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	2,720	1,125	1,590
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	10	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	1,845	810	1,035
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	10	0	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	635	315	320
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	10	0	0
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	10	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	20	15	10
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	45	10	30
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	15	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	50	25	25
Shona	1,175	515	655	70	50	25
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	260	130	135
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	85	35	50
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	130	65	65
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	25	15	15
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	30	10	20
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	790	295	500
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	400	130	270
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	390	165	225
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	12,720	5,800	6,915
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	12,675	5,785	6,885
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	5,810	2,755	3,050
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	35	10	20
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	7,495	3,320	4,165
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	250	90	155
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	130	50	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	460	175	280
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	40	20	25
Burmese	1,325	600	720	10	0	0
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	400	155	250
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	30	20	0
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	375	135	240
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	305	175	135
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	35	20	15
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	275	160	120
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	10	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	10	0	10
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	1,000	465	530
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	60	20	40
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	195	70	125
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	750	380	375
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	70	35	35
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	325,860	156,755	169,095
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	304,665	147,320	157,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	49,855	25,415	24,440
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	254,810	121,900	132,915
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	21,195	9,445	11,750
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	325,855	156,755	169,100
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	257,900	125,835	132,065
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	61,440	27,810	33,630
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	28,020	13,045	14,975
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	6,715	2,950	3,765
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	8,230	3,660	4,575
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	11,045	4,800	6,250
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	4,700	2,055	2,645
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	6,350	2,745	3,605
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	7,430	3,360	4,065
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	6,515	3,115	3,400
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	61,440	27,805	33,635
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	6,845	3,335	3,510
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	10,815	5,270	5,545
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	13,795	6,145	7,650
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	25,075	10,865	14,210
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	4,910	2,190	2,720
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	61,440	27,805	33,635
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	8,935	3,905	5,030
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	185	95	95
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	285	110	170
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	165	70	95
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	70	40	35
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	70	30	40
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	270	155	115
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	735	320	415
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	135	55	80
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	230	85	150
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	5,585	2,450	3,140
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,200	495	710
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	27,040	12,775	14,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	130	60	65
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	320	175	145
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	490	180	315
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	2,510	1,105	1,410
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	225	130	95
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	495	265	225
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	440	220	220
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	610	310	300
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	1,430	735	690
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	790	310	475
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	665	295	370
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	305	150	150
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	585	265	325
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	140	80	60
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	390	180	210
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	14,855	7,020	7,835
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	2,665	1,295	1,370
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	2,670	1,295	1,375
Algeria	1,240	650	595	15	10	0
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	180	120	60
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	175	75	100
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	185	65	120
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	105	65	40
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	125	65	65
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	55	20	30
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	1,060	500	565
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	770	375	395
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	21,580	9,255	12,330
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	70	35	30
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	70	35	35
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	5,470	2,325	3,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	1,225	585	640
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	3,590	1,800	1,795
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	745	360	390
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	100	55	45
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	790	155	635
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	1,135	495	635
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	135	80	60
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	390	215	185
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	4,235	1,530	2,705
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	125	55	75
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	150	80	70
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	590	220	365
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	920	405	515
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,830	820	1,005
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	1,220	585	640
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	7,425	3,360	4,070
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	970	395	570
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	50	35	15
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	50	10	40
Cuba	1,200	535	660	10	0	10
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	0	10	0
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	180	80	100
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	540	215	325
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	125	55	75
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,140	595	545
France	1,400	675	725	35	15	20
Germany	915	490	420	100	50	55
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	45	30	15
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	0	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	20	10	10
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	85	40	45
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	80	20	60
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	520	320	205
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	250	115	140
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	410	205	205
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	25	10	20
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	30	20	10
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	25	15	15
Morocco	365	145	220	25	10	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	60	40	25
Somalia	1,155	555	600	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	100	40	55
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	145	70	70
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	4,780	2,075	2,710
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	0	0	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	15	0	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	990	415	565
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	60	35	25
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	520	295	220
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	160	80	80
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	30	15	15
Israel	1,665	880	785	30	20	10
Japan	965	265	700	80	15	60
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	430	175	250
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	15	10	10
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	50	15	35
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	60	35	30
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	1,815	720	1,095
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	45	20	25
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	90	40	50
Taiwan	760	300	460	70	25	45
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	20	15	10
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	25	10	15
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	65	30	35
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	225	95	125
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	120	90	30
Australia	1,005	615	390	75	50	25
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	50	40	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	325,860	156,760	169,100
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	71,480	32,735	38,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	76,085	36,875	39,210
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	178,295	87,140	91,150
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	34,610	15,350	19,265
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	18,520	8,715	9,800
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	8,000	4,305	3,695
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	10,515	4,410	6,105
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	13,165	5,130	8,035
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	2,645	1,375	1,275
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	285	135	155
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	325,855	156,755	169,100
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	15,180	7,055	8,120
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	14,635	6,825	7,805
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	8,765	4,075	4,690
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	5,740	2,700	3,035
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	130	55	80
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	295	130	160
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	250	100	150
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	310,680	149,700	160,980
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	325,855	156,760	169,100
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	6,655	3,060	3,595
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	319,200	153,700	165,505
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	325,855	156,760	169,100
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	4,035	1,955	2,080
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	3,960	1,910	2,050
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	3,500	1,670	1,825
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	435	230	205
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	70	40	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	45	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	25	10	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	15,185	7,040	8,145
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	14,525	6,765	7,760
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	9,175	4,320	4,855
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	5,175	2,360	2,815
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	175	90	90
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	660	275	385
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	630	260	365
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	25	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	306,640	147,765	158,875
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	325,860	156,760	169,095
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	48,880	22,830	26,055
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	9,955	5,050	4,905
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	15,925	7,360	8,565
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	3,330	1,745	1,585
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	5,900	2,290	3,605
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	2,480	1,155	1,320
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	1,470	860	615
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	2,460	1,125	1,335
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,060	530	525
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	2,025	920	1,110
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	2,375	925	1,450
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	430	195	230
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,460	675	790
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	276,975	133,935	143,040
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	325,855	156,760	169,095
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	19,220	8,995	10,225
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	13,380	6,305	7,075
Inuit	1,360	645	710	260	115	145
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	6,310	2,895	3,420
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	82,635	40,665	41,975
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	475	250	225
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	7,650	3,595	4,060
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	77,140	37,985	39,165
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	135	90	40
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	10	0	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	30	0	30
Québécois	1,570	780	785	265	120	145
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	25	15	15
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	253,335	121,510	131,820
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	195,105	93,605	101,500
Channel Islander	445	235	210	90	45	45
Cornish	205	105	95	125	80	50
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	126,730	60,395	66,335
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	66,580	30,315	36,265
Manx	815	475	345	230	105	125
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	89,110	42,030	47,080
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	12,690	5,885	6,805
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	13,710	6,380	7,330
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	34,835	15,845	18,990
Alsatian	355	140	215	25	20	10
Breton	60	35	20	30	15	15
Corsican	60	30	30	15	10	10
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	34,790	15,820	18,970
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	64,190	30,495	33,700
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	3,960	1,815	2,145
Bavarian	155	65	85	55	15	40
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	1,825	895	935
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	15,925	7,595	8,335
Flemish	910	430	475	185	70	115
Frisian	400	230	165	70	30	40
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	45,480	21,550	23,925
Luxembourger	305	145	155	45	0	50
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	2,485	1,205	1,280
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	100	40	55
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	28,075	13,225	14,850
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	5,485	2,695	2,785
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	2,520	1,165	1,360
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	2,355	1,120	1,235
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	10,685	5,015	5,670
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	8,440	3,800	4,640
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	1,395	705	695
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	42,770	20,260	22,510
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	275	125	155
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	185	100	90
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	1,840	855	985
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	535	255	280
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	370	150	220
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	4,520	2,175	2,345
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	465	245	220
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	760	375	380
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	70	30	40
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	12,455	5,940	6,515
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	2,235	1,025	1,210
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	7,920	3,805	4,115
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	685	320	365
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	17,895	8,340	9,555
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	345	160	190
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	22,755	10,695	12,060
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	200	125	75
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	90	40	50
Catalan	160	105	60	30	15	10
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	1,590	830	755
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	35	10	30
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	1,880	865	1,015
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	10,680	5,080	5,605
Kosovar	485	255	225	10	10	10
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	100	50	50
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	265	135	130
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	35	20	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	3,155	1,470	1,685
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	550	265	280
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	70	35	30
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	425	215	215
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	4,360	1,895	2,465
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	525	250	275
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	65	45	20
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	3,120	1,580	1,540
Basque	815	400	415	110	55	55
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,575	795	780
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	100	40	60
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	60	35	30
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	1,300	670	630
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	2,130	975	1,155
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	15	0	10
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	0	10	0
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	160	60	95
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	65	30	35
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	10	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	135	50	90
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	55	10	45
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	60	20	40
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	100	60	40
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	975	475	500
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	10	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	55	25	30
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	250	120	135
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	20	15	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	205	80	125
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	110	65	45
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	4,750	2,140	2,605
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	215	95	120
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	140	60	85
Belizean	355	170	185	15	10	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	40	25	20
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	275	110	165
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	390	175	215
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	425	200	225
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	90	40	55
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	120	55	60
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	155	85	70
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	175	70	105
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	80	40	40
Honduran	1,750	810	940	55	30	30
Maya	1,135	555	575	80	30	50
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	1,770	830	935
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	145	85	65
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	20	10	20
Paraguayan	305	140	160	20	0	15
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	195	90	105
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	195	80	115
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	10	10	10
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	90	30	60
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	295	150	145
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	4,820	2,520	2,305
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	480	245	230
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	10	10	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	10	0	0
Chadian	185	95	90	25	10	10
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	45	20	25
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	65	40	25
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	15	10	10
Ivorian	615	285	330	10	0	10
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	10	15	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	215	115	100
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	30	20	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	20	0	15
Togolese	315	205	105	10	10	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	10	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	65	40	35
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	850	475	380
Algerian	1,700	835	870	20	15	10
Berber	680	365	315	20	15	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	0	0	0
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	395	220	175
Libyan	1,275	685	600	170	105	60
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	175	95	75
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	30	10	15
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	60	35	25
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	25	0	20
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,100	1,065	1,035
Afrikaner	340	175	170	120	60	55
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	10	10	0
Burundian	710	385	325	0	0	10
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	60	30	30
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	215	100	120
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	140	70	75
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	15	10	10
Oromo	830	370	460	20	10	15
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	70	35	30
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	125	65	60
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	1,075	555	520
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	25	15	10
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	10	10
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	45	30	15
Zambian	385	195	190	30	15	10
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	55	35	25
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	150	80	75
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,465	760	710
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	215	110	100
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,285	660	620
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	45,465	20,970	24,490
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	4,495	2,250	2,250
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	150	80	70
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	360	195	160
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	275	125	145
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	40	25	15
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	40	25	10
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,405	660	745
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	110	75	35
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	145	75	70
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	115	70	50
Kazakh	975	445	530	25	0	25
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	20	15	10
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	15	10	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	10
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	670	320	350
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	165	80	85
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	240	145	95
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	395	185	205
Tajik	1,425	670	755	15	10	10
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	45	15	35
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	375	195	180
Turkmen	405	205	200	25	10	15
Uighur	545	255	290	25	15	15
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	20	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	195	105	95
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	10,465	5,320	5,145
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	70	30	40
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	35	20	20
Bhutanese	150	80	65	15	10	10
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	8,890	4,500	4,390
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	75	55	25
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	60	25	40
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	0	0	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	100	25	75
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	450	265	185
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	755	385	370
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	165	65	100
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	65	30	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	190	100	95
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	30,810	13,580	17,235
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	60	15	40
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	205	105	100
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	17,370	7,985	9,380
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	6,475	2,575	3,900
Hmong	55	25	30	10	10	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	335	110	225
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	2,860	1,125	1,735
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	2,090	950	1,135
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	95	60	30
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	280	105	175
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	75	40	35
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	60	30	25
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	385	150	235
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	455	160	295
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	25	15	15
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,620	740	875
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	50	10	35
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	180	80	100
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	180	80	100
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	2,360	1,125	1,235
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	1,230	570	665
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	570	310	260
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	645	295	350
Fijian	1,185	495	690	125	75	50
Hawaiian	225	115	115	265	120	150
Maori	200	105	90	145	45	100
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	50	20	30
Samoan	90	45	50	55	35	25
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	35	30	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	149,890	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	91,780	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	58,050	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	149,890	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	29,490	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	120,405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	149,885	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	2,225	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	30,770	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	44,390	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	38,740	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	33,765	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	149,890	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	55,435	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	21,980	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	18,070	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	15,460	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	38,945	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	149,890	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	148,550	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,340	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	149,890	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	144,490	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	5,400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	149,890	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	37,990	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	48,740	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	21,960	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	17,280	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	6,900	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	9,880	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	7,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	149,890	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	141,970	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	7,920	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	149,890	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	85,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	59,385	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	4,640	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	149,890	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	6,780	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	21,340	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	21,685	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	26,710	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	29,730	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	24,450	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	13,230	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	5,965	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	147,495	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	104,920	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	42,575	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	36,295	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	89,985	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	56.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	18.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,186	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,408	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	598,136	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	638,651	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	57,730	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	12.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	44.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,003	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,116	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	282,635	134,740	147,895
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	33,050	17,080	15,975
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	79,945	38,015	41,930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	169,640	79,650	89,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	22,000	15,970	6,030
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	9,055	4,980	4,070
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	12,950	10,990	1,960
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	54,360	21,345	33,015
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	8,235	3,070	5,160
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	85,050	39,255	45,790
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	52,490	23,110	29,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	5,545	2,360	3,185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	2,530	1,540	990
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	19,500	9,085	10,415
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	4,990	3,160	1,830
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	178,165	85,745	92,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	12,480	7,505	4,980
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	43,510	21,840	21,670
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	122,170	56,405	65,765
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	14,820	11,025	3,795
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	6,000	3,395	2,600
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	8,820	7,625	1,190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	39,730	16,020	23,710
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	5,350	2,145	3,210
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	62,270	27,210	35,055
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	39,430	16,850	22,585
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	3,865	1,575	2,290
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	1,705	870	835
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	14,380	6,300	8,080
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	2,880	1,615	1,265
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	282,640	134,740	147,895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	113,000	55,095	57,900
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	12,800	3,445	9,355
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	12,800	3,445	9,360
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	7,485	3,135	4,350
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	825	670	155
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	6,660	2,465	4,190
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	11,175	4,570	6,605
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	1,500	415	1,085
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	3,600	1,165	2,430
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,010	775	1,230
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	120	45	80
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	720	460	260
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	760	485	275
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	2,005	1,130	870
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	465	100	375
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	24,440	9,495	14,945
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	535	145	395
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	1,885	680	1,205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	2,910	285	2,625
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	3,485	1,280	2,205
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	550	225	330
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	4,800	1,545	3,250
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	10,280	5,340	4,945
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	30,925	12,055	18,865
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	45	30	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	3,560	1,075	2,480
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	27,315	10,955	16,365
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	8,235	4,525	3,705
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	3,950	1,835	2,115
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,220	555	660
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	55	10	50
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	2,790	2,075	720
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	210	55	155
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	6,705	4,450	2,250
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	5,060	3,685	1,370
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	605	95	515
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	945	600	345
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	95	70	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	26,880	24,500	2,380
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	1,135	740	390
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	5,605	4,815	785
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	5,665	5,010	660
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	25	0	25
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	7,050	6,875	175
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	4,590	4,420	165
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	2,820	2,635	185
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	3,485	2,135	1,345
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,680	955	725
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	1,800	1,185	615
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	28,150	6,255	21,895
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,910	1,015	895
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	25,390	4,700	20,695
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	845	535	305
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	9,330	5,060	4,270
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	5,940	2,300	3,645
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	150	135	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	235	220	15
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	1,290	880	410
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,720	1,530	185
Other	335	95	235	35	20	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	35	20	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	178,165	85,750	92,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	55,995	29,345	26,650
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	7,630	1,940	5,690
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	7,635	1,935	5,690
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	5,560	2,285	3,280
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	555	430	125
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	5,005	1,850	3,155
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	7,615	2,990	4,630
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	1,045	250	790
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	2,455	765	1,695
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,470	565	905
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	70	30	40
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	450	280	165
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	470	265	205
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,395	795	600
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	265	40	225
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	18,375	6,765	11,605
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	395	100	295
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,580	550	1,030
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	2,230	215	2,010
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	2,595	785	1,810
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	475	210	265
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	3,285	965	2,315
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	7,820	3,935	3,885
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	22,930	8,765	14,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	30	20	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	2,485	660	1,825
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	20,415	8,085	12,330
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	5,745	2,955	2,785
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	2,975	1,340	1,640
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	855	390	465
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	35	0	30
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,755	1,195	560
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	120	30	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	5,495	3,760	1,740
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	4,525	3,320	1,200
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	355	70	290
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	540	315	230
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	70	50	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	19,010	17,095	1,910
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	780	460	310
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	4,005	3,330	675
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	3,885	3,385	500
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	15	0	15
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	5,150	5,010	145
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	3,215	3,095	125
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	1,955	1,820	135
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	2,660	1,515	1,145
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	1,240	670	565
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	1,420	845	580
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	20,260	4,570	15,695
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	1,545	800	745
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	18,185	3,480	14,700
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	530	285	245
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	6,855	3,755	3,100
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	4,395	1,810	2,585
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	95	80	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	140	135	10
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	960	630	330
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	1,260	1,105	155
Other	285	80	205	30	15	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	30	15	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	282,640	134,740	147,895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	112,995	55,095	57,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	169,640	79,645	89,990
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	142,120	66,620	75,500
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	99,660	45,950	53,700
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	42,460	20,665	21,795
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	27,520	13,025	14,495
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	6,885	3,545	3,335
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	2,500	780	1,715
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,115	585	530
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	6,055	3,220	2,830
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	1,580	625	950
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	240	110	135
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	9,155	4,160	4,995
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	178,165	85,750	92,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	55,995	29,345	26,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	122,170	56,400	65,770
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	104,635	48,795	55,835
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	76,875	35,255	41,620
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	27,755	13,545	14,215
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	17,540	7,605	9,930
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	3,880	1,835	2,045
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	2,250	680	1,565
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	845	385	460
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	2,545	1,270	1,275
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,335	540	795
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	180	75	100
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	6,515	2,825	3,690
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	282,635	134,740	147,895
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	181,160	91,155	90,005
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	170,965	85,650	85,315
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	10,200	5,510	4,690
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	101,475	43,585	57,895
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	64.1	67.7	60.9
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	60.5	63.6	57.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	5.6	6.0	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	282,635	134,740	147,895
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	92,605	39,510	53,100
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	190,030	95,235	94,800
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	91,570	50,075	41,500
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	98,455	45,160	53,300
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.5	43.0	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	181,160	91,160	90,000
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	2,825	1,350	1,475
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	178,340	89,810	88,530
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	154,575	75,995	78,585
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	23,765	13,815	9,950
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	181,165	91,160	90,000
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	2,820	1,345	1,475
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	178,340	89,810	88,530
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	19,645	11,610	8,030
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	28,655	8,415	20,240
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	14,045	10,985	3,060
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	14,315	3,500	10,815
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	25,960	9,895	16,070
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	6,880	2,985	3,895
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	44,805	20,535	24,265
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	18,935	17,865	1,070
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	2,920	2,285	635
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	2,195	1,740	455
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	181,160	91,155	90,005
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	2,825	1,350	1,475
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	178,340	89,810	88,530
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,400	940	465
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	480	420	60
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	395	325	75
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	11,265	10,150	1,110
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	6,040	4,530	1,515
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	3,225	2,245	980
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	20,915	10,110	10,805
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	6,820	5,085	1,735
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	3,835	2,215	1,625
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	5,630	2,405	3,225
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	3,765	1,945	1,820
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	15,140	8,725	6,405
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	195	65	130
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	7,770	4,515	3,250
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	14,860	5,430	9,430
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	24,650	5,660	18,985
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	4,840	2,330	2,510
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	16,855	7,865	8,985
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	7,695	3,065	4,625
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	22,580	11,775	10,805
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	170,960	85,650	85,315
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	14,020	6,865	7,150
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	700	455	240
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	19,940	14,330	5,615
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	136,305	63,995	72,310
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	136,310	63,995	72,310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	50,950	22,750	28,205
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	82,060	39,255	42,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	2,450	1,450	1,000
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	845	550	295
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	156,245	78,325	77,920
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	99,400	51,575	47,820
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	7,435	2,615	4,815
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	17,640	7,295	10,340
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	17,065	7,605	9,465
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	10,990	6,825	4,165
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	3,715	2,405	1,315
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	156,245	78,325	77,920
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	47,645	22,655	24,995
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	66,675	33,610	33,065
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	28,425	15,195	13,225
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	8,300	4,065	4,240
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	5,205	2,800	2,405
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	156,245	78,325	77,920
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	6,040	4,095	1,945
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	24,295	14,600	9,695
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	43,310	21,780	21,530
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	39,210	17,010	22,205
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	21,095	9,135	11,960
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	22,285	11,710	10,580
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	195,760	98,045	97,715
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	194,570	97,520	97,050
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	193,395	97,000	96,395
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	192,820	96,850	95,965
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	580	145	430
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	1,175	525	655
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	20	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	1,155	515	640
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	0	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	0	0	0
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	50	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	10	10	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	40	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	20	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	15	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	230	70	155
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	55	10	45
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	60	10	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	10
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	40	10	30
Serbian	160	110	55	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	35	10	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	20	0	20
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	50	20	30
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	50	25	25
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	40	10	25
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	0	0	10
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	85	25	60
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	0	10
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	0	0	10
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	70	20	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	75	20	55
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	100	60	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	50	10	45
American Sign Language	245	80	170	45	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	585	310	280
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	580	305	280
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	285	160	125
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	280	140	140
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	25	10	20
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	30	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	10	0	10
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,185	525	665
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	375	180	190
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	785	330	455
French and non-official language	85	45	40	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	25	10	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	195,760	98,050	97,715
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	188,755	94,885	93,875
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	985	335	650
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	2,745	1,360	1,385
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	3,100	1,380	1,720
Aboriginal	155	50	105	65	30	45
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	3,035	1,355	1,675
English and French	85	45	45	10	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	10	0	10
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	165	85	80
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	323,095	155,395	167,695
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	269,090	129,085	140,005
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	54,005	26,310	27,690
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	32,815	16,050	16,770
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	21,185	10,260	10,920
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	17,325	8,320	9,005
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	10,925	5,095	5,835
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	6,400	3,230	3,165
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	3,860	1,940	1,920
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	311,730	149,770	161,955
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	172,540	82,535	90,005
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	139,190	67,235	71,955
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	78,355	38,125	40,230
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	60,840	29,115	31,725
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	47,945	23,060	24,890
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	29,810	14,115	15,695
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	18,140	8,945	9,195
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	12,890	6,055	6,835