Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Zone 4 - Central [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Zone 4 - Central Nova Scotia [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Zone 4 - Central [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia  Map : Zone 4 - Central [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	424,037	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	411,117	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	197,091	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	182,145	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	61.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	6,901.70	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	424,040	205,350	218,690
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	63,720	32,550	31,165
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	20,805	10,605	10,200
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	21,800	11,205	10,595
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	21,115	10,740	10,375
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	292,820	142,700	150,125
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	23,530	11,940	11,590
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	31,105	15,450	15,655
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	31,160	15,660	15,505
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	28,505	13,990	14,515
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	26,845	12,820	14,025
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	28,020	13,445	14,580
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	29,140	13,860	15,280
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	34,420	16,730	17,685
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	32,355	15,645	16,710
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	27,740	13,150	14,585
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	67,495	30,100	37,395
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	23,955	11,340	12,615
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	16,595	7,765	8,835
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	11,215	5,060	6,160
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	8,015	3,410	4,605
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	7,720	2,530	5,190
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	4,730	1,705	3,025
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	2,275	660	1,615
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	645	155	495
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	70	10	60
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	15.0	15.9	14.3
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	69.1	69.5	68.6
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	15.9	14.7	17.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.8	1.2	2.4
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.3	40.1	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	182,145	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	93,770	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	21,000	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	63,005	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	11,965	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	6,725	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	6,370	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	37,680	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	270	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	4,365	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	182,145	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	53,435	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	67,960	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	28,610	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	22,110	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	10,030	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	417,815	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	360,320	172,800	187,520
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	203,560	101,585	101,975
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	162,855	81,295	81,560
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	40,705	20,290	20,415
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	156,760	71,215	85,545
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	106,070	54,825	51,250
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	10,280	4,390	5,885
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	21,690	8,075	13,620
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	18,720	3,930	14,790
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	120,010	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	66,340	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	26,180	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	20,245	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	7,250	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	120,010	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	100,155	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	79,810	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	20,350	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	19,855	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	16,025	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	3,830	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	100,160	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	53,770	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	46,390	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	20,650	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	18,875	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	6,860	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	19,855	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	12,570	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	5,525	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	1,760	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	87,225	40,760	46,465
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	182,145	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	115,095	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	51,760	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	63,335	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	2,435	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	64,615	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	53,435	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	11,180	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	419,905	203,645	216,260
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	366,660	180,350	186,310
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	345	160	185
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	50,675	22,105	28,570
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	2,225	1,020	1,200
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	419,905	203,640	216,260
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	406,445	197,065	209,380
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	10,115	5,030	5,090
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	1,215	570	645
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	2,125	980	1,150
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	10,725	5,310	5,415
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.6	2.6	2.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	419,905	203,645	216,265
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	414,695	201,075	213,620
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	383,545	185,260	198,280
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	373,145	180,140	193,005
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	10,400	5,120	5,275
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	31,150	15,810	15,340
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	80	40	35
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	60	30	25
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	5	5	5
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	5	5	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	55	30	25
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	50	30	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	31,075	15,770	15,305
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	7,040	3,855	3,185
Berber languages	220	130	90	10	10	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	120	60	55
Bilen	80	45	35	5	5	5
Oromo	1,005	490	515	55	35	25
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	50	20	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	6,915	3,795	3,125
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	105	45	60
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	6,445	3,555	2,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	195	105	90
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5	0	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	140	65	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	405	200	205
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	5	0	0
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	395	195	200
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	1,675	730	945
Bikol	470	210	260	5	5	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	110	45	60
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	20	10	10
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	50	15	35
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	40	20	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	15	5	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	1,425	630	795
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	15	10	10
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	70	45	25
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	30	20	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	30	20	15
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	885	515	370
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	30	15	10
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	310	165	145
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	270	160	110
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	265	165	105
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	5	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	12,830	6,480	6,345
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	245	125	125
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	35	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	2,810	1,360	1,455
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	55	15	45
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	25	10	15
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	30	5	30
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	2,750	1,345	1,410
Belarusan	355	170	185	10	5	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	115	60	55
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	40	15	20
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	190	90	95
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	145	70	70
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	10	5	5
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	595	285	310
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,160	565	590
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	110	50	60
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	80	40	40
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	85	45	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	25	10	15
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	195	90	100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	0	5	5
Celtic languages	460	210	250	45	25	20
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	30	10	15
Welsh	150	65	85	15	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	2,170	1,035	1,135
Afrikaans	985	475	510	80	40	40
Danish	1,570	710	855	100	65	40
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	530	255	270
Frisian	135	60	75	5	5	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	1,250	570	675
Icelandic	85	40	45	35	20	15
Norwegian	380	170	210	75	40	35
Swedish	1,140	485	660	65	25	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	20	10	10
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	0	5
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	660	335	325
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	4,300	2,350	1,950
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	2,945	1,645	1,300
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	435	265	170
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	170	110	60
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	660	395	265
Kashmiri	275	140	140	10	5	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	5	0	0
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	60	35	30
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	525	255	270
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	475	250	220
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	145	70	70
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	435	245	195
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,330	690	640
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	115	65	45
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	70	40	25
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	1,150	585	560
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	2,565	1,235	1,325
Catalan	165	90	75	10	5	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	565	295	265
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	400	195	210
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	185	90	95
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,400	650	750
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	255	65	185
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	920	390	530
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	5	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	535	275	260
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	35	15	20
Bamanankan	60	30	30	5	5	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	10	5	5
Ewe	370	185	190	30	20	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	5	5	0
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	5
Ganda	515	245	270	20	5	15
Igbo	1,520	775	750	30	20	15
Lingala	375	175	200	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	20	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	45	15	30
Shona	680	325	355	25	15	10
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	120	60	65
Wolof	160	90	80	0	5	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	50	30	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	120	65	60
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	65	35	30
Dinka	45	25	15	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	55	30	25
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	120	60	60
American Sign Language	470	250	220	55	25	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	65	30	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	5,525	2,765	2,765
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	5,510	2,755	2,755
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	935	435	500
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	20	10	15
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	3,955	1,980	1,975
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	95	45	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	45	25	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	445	260	185
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	20	10	10
Burmese	1,005	450	555	5	0	5
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	10	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	90	40	55
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	10	0	5
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	85	35	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	390	210	180
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	10	10	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	255	135	115
Uyghur	385	195	195	5	0	5
Uzbek	595	300	295	110	60	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	10	5	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	245	105	140
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	25	15	15
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	45	15	30
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	175	80	100
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	25	5	15
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	5,210	2,565	2,645
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	1,810	830	975
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	3,065	1,570	1,495
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	175	95	85
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	160	75	85
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	419,905	203,645	216,265
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	411,550	199,435	212,115
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	395,035	191,045	203,995
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	391,305	189,215	202,095
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	3,730	1,835	1,900
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	16,510	8,390	8,120
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	20	10	5
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	15	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	15	10	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	15	10	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	16,495	8,380	8,115
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	4,205	2,215	1,990
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	75	35	40
Bilen	40	15	20	5	5	5
Oromo	545	250	290	45	25	20
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	25	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	4,135	2,180	1,950
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	55	25	25
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	3,860	2,045	1,810
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	115	65	50
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	100	40	55
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	255	130	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	0	0	0
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	255	125	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	900	435	465
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	50	20	30
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	5	5	5
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	10	5	5
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	825	405	425
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	30	15	15
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	20	5	10
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	400	225	170
Kannada	830	415	410	10	5	5
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	130	75	55
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	130	70	55
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	125	75	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	5,535	2,785	2,755
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	110	55	50
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,280	630	650
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	20	10	15
Latvian	600	245	355	5	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	10	5	10
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,260	620	635
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	65	35	30
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	20	15	10
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	55	25	35
Czech	1,415	685	730	40	20	15
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	0	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	180	80	100
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	740	365	370
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	60	30	30
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	30	15	15
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	25	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	0	0	0
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	45	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	20	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	15	10	5
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	5	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	365	175	190
Afrikaans	265	125	145	20	15	10
Danish	135	65	75	5	5	5
Dutch	655	300	350	45	20	25
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	245	120	125
Icelandic	20	5	15	25	10	15
Norwegian	45	15	20	10	5	5
Swedish	220	100	120	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	250	125	125
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	2,545	1,330	1,215
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	1,650	890	765
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	230	125	105
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	95	65	30
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	280	180	105
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	25	15	15
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	475	235	235
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	205	100	105
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	80	40	40
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	250	125	120
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	895	445	450
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	85	45	40
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	35	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	780	380	400
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	955	450	510
Catalan	80	40	45	5	0	5
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	135	55	70
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	160	75	85
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	60	30	30
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	600	285	315
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	85	25	55
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	620	275	345
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	145	70	75
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	5	0	10
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	15	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	5
Igbo	410	205	205	10	5	5
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	15	10	10
Shona	235	115	125	0	5	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	50	25	30
Wolof	80	45	35	5	5	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	20	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	25	10	15
Dinka	15	5	5	0	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	25	10	15
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	160	75	85
American Sign Language	720	375	345	70	35	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	90	45	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	3,845	1,970	1,870
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	3,835	1,970	1,870
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	530	280	250
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	0	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	2,940	1,480	1,465
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	40	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	300	180	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	5	0	0
Burmese	575	260	310	0	0	0
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	25	10	15
Lao	1,050	505	540	0	5	0
Thai	575	255	320	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	190	100	90
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	0	0	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	125	65	60
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	70	40	30
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	55	25	30
Estonian	650	240	410	5	0	5
Finnish	510	220	290	5	0	5
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	5	5	5
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	8,355	4,210	4,145
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	1,170	540	635
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	6,860	3,505	3,360
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	65	40	25
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	260	130	135
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	419,905	203,640	216,260
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	390,635	189,495	201,140
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	9,295	4,745	4,550
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	8,620	3,775	4,850
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	10,730	5,345	5,385
Aboriginal	480	205	275	110	50	60
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	10,620	5,290	5,325
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	120	50	70
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	190	90	100
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	310	145	165
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	0	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	354,230	170,175	184,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	340,060	163,325	176,735
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	35,805	42,631	30,683
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	340,175	163,345	176,830
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	31,545	36,730	27,598
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	307,490	150,440	157,045
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	34,619	41,532	28,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	235,620	98,990	136,630
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,739	4,313	4,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	254,540	127,560	126,975
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	34,041	40,039	29,331
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	354,230	170,190	184,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	340,300	163,300	177,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	46,070	54,603	38,196
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	340,415	163,330	177,085
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	37,263	43,158	31,827
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	307,560	150,550	157,010
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	45,567	54,662	36,847
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	236,230	98,725	137,505
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,039	6,962	7,094
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	254,555	127,710	126,840
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	43,762	51,472	35,998
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	354,230	170,190	184,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	130,560	70,455	60,100
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	51,392	57,820	45,446
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	61,069	68,552	52,297
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	89.3	92.2	85.6
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	71.1	73.8	67.5
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	10.7	7.8	14.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	354,235	170,175	184,055
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	14,175	6,850	7,325
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	340,060	163,330	176,730
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.0	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	46,450	20,360	26,090
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	52,970	20,135	32,835
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	45,695	18,030	27,665
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	42,405	18,365	24,040
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	36,995	17,215	19,780
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	28,385	14,985	13,395
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	21,900	12,685	9,210
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	18,150	10,495	7,660
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	14,305	8,405	5,905
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	8,955	5,800	3,155
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	23,865	16,860	7,010
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	16,405	11,300	5,105
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	7,460	5,560	1,900
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	354,230	170,175	184,055
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	14,055	6,835	7,225
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	340,175	163,345	176,830
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	48,645	20,765	27,880
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	56,605	21,775	34,830
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	56,160	22,875	33,280
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	53,175	23,885	29,290
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	41,290	21,455	19,835
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	29,665	17,295	12,370
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	21,890	12,815	9,075
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	12,105	7,850	4,255
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	20,645	14,625	6,015
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	6,685	4,535	2,150
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	4,035	2,795	1,240
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	9,925	7,295	2,630
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	354,235	170,175	184,050
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	99,690	42,620	57,075
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	254,540	127,560	126,980
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	71.9	75.0	69.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	32,210	14,755	17,455
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	20,460	8,825	11,640
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	33,750	14,690	19,055
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	29,380	12,990	16,395
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	28,525	12,475	16,045
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	24,990	11,560	13,435
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	19,455	10,405	9,055
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	15,705	9,250	6,455
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	14,205	8,200	6,005
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	35,855	24,420	11,435
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	11,605	6,850	4,755
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	6,930	4,700	2,230
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	17,315	12,865	4,450
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	182,145	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	69,015	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	58,884	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	53,435	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	35,675	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	31,319	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	128,710	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	86,953	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	73,485	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	182,155	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	86,068	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	69,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	53,490	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	44,363	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	36,214	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	128,665	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	103,407	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	83,537	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	182,145	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	3,860	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	3,215	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	5,225	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	6,720	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	7,215	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	6,900	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	7,955	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	7,880	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	7,870	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	7,670	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	14,420	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	13,430	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	12,835	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	11,560	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	9,935	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	55,445	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	19,430	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	13,155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	13,510	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	9,350	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	182,145	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	4,015	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	3,280	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	5,310	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	7,220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	8,430	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	8,630	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	9,875	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	9,760	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	9,575	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	9,245	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	17,665	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	16,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	14,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	11,920	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	9,925	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	36,665	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	17,250	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	9,160	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	10,255	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	119,590	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	88,425	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	74,392	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	50,560	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	82,703	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	69,620	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	46,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	115,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	95,094	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	18,495	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	50,572	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	46,045	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	119,505	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	105,338	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	84,754	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	50,540	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	97,716	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	78,433	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	47,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	131,566	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	104,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	18,380	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	61,450	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	52,254	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	78,650	37,265	41,385
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	31,221	32,025	30,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,039	28,420	27,729
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	78,585	37,100	41,485
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	39,312	40,340	38,393
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	32,535	32,830	32,271
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	417,815	202,645	215,165
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	212,620	99,950	112,675
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	47,460	22,865	24,600
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	39,590	17,490	22,100
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	40,245	18,630	21,615
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	41,810	19,810	22,000
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	43,515	21,155	22,360
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	205,190	102,700	102,490
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	43,550	21,680	21,875
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	44,920	22,475	22,445
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	44,705	22,295	22,410
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	39,925	20,080	19,850
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	32,085	16,170	15,910
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	417,550	202,530	215,020
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	76,750	39,140	37,615
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	25,075	12,780	12,295
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	277,125	134,470	142,655
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	63,675	28,915	34,755
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	62,490	29,040	33,450
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	14,600	7,430	7,170
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	5,405	2,705	2,700
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	39,920	18,695	21,230
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	7,965	2,915	5,050
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	15.0	14.3	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	19.0	19.0	19.1
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	21.6	21.2	22.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	14.4	13.9	14.9
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	12.5	10.1	14.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	39,485	19,315	20,165
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	8,100	4,130	3,970
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	3,100	1,565	1,530
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	29,755	14,550	15,205
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,625	630	995
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.5	9.5	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	10.6	10.6	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	12.4	12.2	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	10.7	10.8	10.7
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.6	2.2	2.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	417,830	202,675	215,155
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	415,645	201,740	213,905
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	415,380	201,625	213,755
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	50,785	22,230	28,555
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	44,240	22,015	22,225
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	195	85	110
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	160	60	100
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	155	60	95
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	155	60	90
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	15	15	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	10	15	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	10	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	44,050	21,930	22,120
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	9,845	5,305	4,540
Berber languages	245	135	110	25	15	15
Kabyle	80	40	40	30	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	145	55	90
Bilen	85	50	35	25	10	10
Oromo	1,390	590	800	35	20	20
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	75	20	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	9,765	5,285	4,480
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	260	135	125
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	8,865	4,775	4,090
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	580	345	240
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	10	10	10
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	140	70	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	35	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	460	205	255
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	20	10	15
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	440	200	240
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	2,275	985	1,290
Bikol	580	260	325	0	0	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	110	50	60
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	40	15	30
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	55	10	40
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	10
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	45	0	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	200	255	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	2,160	945	1,220
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	20	0	15
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	220	105	115
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	90	45	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	120	60	60
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	1,210	690	515
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	75	40	35
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	490	260	230
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	365	225	140
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	330	205	130
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	21,110	10,445	10,670
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	380	175	195
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	75	45	30
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	3,210	1,525	1,685
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	65	20	45
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	20	10	20
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	45	15	30
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	3,165	1,510	1,655
Belarusan	945	495	450	0	0	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	120	50	70
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	40	20	25
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	225	85	145
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	160	80	80
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	65	40	30
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	645	290	360
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,670	850	825
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	140	60	80
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	100	60	45
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	90	45	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	20	0	15
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	260	125	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	0	0	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	310	150	160
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	205	95	110
Welsh	235	115	125	15	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	115	55	60
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	4,460	2,145	2,315
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	245	115	135
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	140	75	65
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	770	325	445
Frisian	195	75	115	10	10	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	3,120	1,545	1,580
Icelandic	130	55	75	65	30	40
Norwegian	960	460	500	85	65	20
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	175	70	100
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	0	0	0
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	25	15	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	1,190	605	590
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	5,665	3,165	2,495
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	4,225	2,410	1,820
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	540	300	240
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	195	130	70
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	2,005	1,150	855
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	20	15	10
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	110	70	40
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	615	315	305
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	20	0	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	815	455	360
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	210	115	95
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	880	540	340
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,450	780	670
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	180	105	80
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	55	40	15
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,245	655	585
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	60	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	6,745	3,115	3,630
Catalan	315	165	150	20	10	10
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	1,270	645	615
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	695	385	310
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	210	125	90
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	4,910	2,155	2,755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	50	35	15
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	645	245	400
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	10	10	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	1,220	520	700
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,150	625	525
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	35	20	15
Bamanankan	200	110	90	10	0	10
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	10	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	70	40	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	25	15	15
Ganda	865	410	455	55	20	40
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	75	45	30
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	35	10	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	120	55	70
Shona	1,175	515	655	60	35	25
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	335	185	150
Wolof	415	185	230	30	10	20
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	215	110	110
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	235	135	100
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	40	25	15
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	35	25	10
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	965	335	630
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	565	180	390
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	400	160	240
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	5,855	2,990	2,865
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	5,835	2,990	2,850
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	1,255	600	650
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	50	25	25
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	4,540	2,280	2,265
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	150	60	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	45	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	420	260	160
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	20	0	15
Burmese	1,325	600	720	0	0	0
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	170	80	90
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	20	10	15
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	155	75	85
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	535	280	260
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	20	20	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	400	190	210
Uyghur	490	225	265	10	10	10
Uzbek	815	440	375	100	65	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	10	0	10
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	260	125	125
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	45	20	20
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	60	20	35
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	145	85	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	40	10	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	417,835	202,675	215,160
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	396,230	191,370	204,865
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	73,355	37,395	35,965
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	322,880	153,975	168,895
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	21,600	11,305	10,295
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	417,835	202,675	215,155
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	372,235	179,375	192,855
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	37,770	18,715	19,055
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	10,420	5,080	5,335
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	3,070	1,540	1,530
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	4,975	2,415	2,565
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	9,825	4,965	4,865
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	3,795	1,905	1,885
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	6,035	3,055	2,975
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	9,475	4,715	4,755
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	7,830	4,585	3,245
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	37,765	18,715	19,055
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	4,755	2,295	2,460
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	7,075	3,580	3,500
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	6,725	3,215	3,505
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	16,430	8,165	8,265
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	2,785	1,460	1,325
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	37,770	18,715	19,050
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	5,630	2,640	2,995
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	130	65	70
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	115	65	50
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	80	40	35
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	145	70	75
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	45	15	25
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	350	135	210
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	225	110	115
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	80	25	55
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	175	95	75
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	3,315	1,520	1,795
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	985	500	480
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	12,615	6,420	6,195
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	200	100	95
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	130	45	80
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	365	210	155
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	1,180	585	590
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	450	235	215
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	80	35	45
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	285	105	180
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	390	230	165
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	495	205	290
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	470	195	270
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	185	120	65
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	150	90	60
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	505	250	255
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	60	35	30
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	270	130	140
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	6,120	3,240	2,880
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	1,280	615	665
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	3,025	1,570	1,460
Algeria	1,240	650	595	15	10	0
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	725	375	355
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	170	90	85
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	120	70	45
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	65	45	25
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	290	145	145
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	60	35	30
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	355	150	200
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,220	655	570
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	16,250	7,925	8,325
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	100	40	60
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	250	140	110
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	2,350	975	1,380
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	255	115	135
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	1,875	990	890
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	840	465	375
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	530	245	280
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	175	60	115
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	740	295	445
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	1,210	665	550
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	450	220	230
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	2,035	860	1,170
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	265	120	145
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	1,045	505	540
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	180	95	85
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	355	165	185
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	3,600	1,970	1,630
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	245	160	85
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	9,475	4,720	4,755
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	1,000	455	550
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	85	35	45
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	10	0	15
Cuba	1,200	535	660	65	40	30
Haiti	865	415	450	15	10	10
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	130	65	65
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	90	45	40
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	370	170	200
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	230	90	140
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,425	750	675
France	1,400	675	725	85	45	40
Germany	915	490	420	85	40	40
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	35	15	20
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	20	10	15
Romania	1,490	590	900	35	20	15
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	160	65	100
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	135	55	75
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	570	350	220
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	295	140	155
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	960	510	445
Algeria	205	95	115	10	0	10
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	50	25	25
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	190	100	90
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	65	35	25
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	35	30	10
Morocco	365	145	220	25	15	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	150	70	80
Somalia	1,155	555	600	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	70	30	45
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	350	205	150
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	6,075	2,995	3,080
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	25	10	15
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	60	40	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	855	395	460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	0	0	10
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	760	415	340
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	245	130	115
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	245	125	120
Israel	1,665	880	785	265	175	95
Japan	965	265	700	60	25	35
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	195	70	125
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	75	30	45
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	180	95	85
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	95	50	45
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	1,160	520	645
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	120	65	55
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	85	50	40
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	790	370	425
Taiwan	760	300	460	0	0	0
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	70	40	30
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	60	35	25
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	45	15	35
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	675	355	320
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	20	10	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	10	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	417,835	202,675	215,155
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	48,575	24,730	23,840
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	39,745	19,525	20,225
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	329,515	158,425	171,090
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	27,695	13,795	13,905
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	16,590	8,630	7,955
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	6,385	4,365	2,020
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	10,205	4,270	5,935
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	6,830	2,955	3,880
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	4,090	2,115	1,975
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	185	90	95
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	417,830	202,675	215,155
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	16,530	7,780	8,750
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	15,940	7,505	8,425
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	8,295	3,945	4,345
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	7,230	3,370	3,860
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	410	190	225
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	310	145	165
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	285	125	155
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	401,300	194,895	206,410
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	417,835	202,675	215,155
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	4,210	1,980	2,230
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	413,620	200,690	212,930
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	417,830	202,675	215,155
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	2,710	1,215	1,495
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	2,615	1,185	1,435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	1,765	815	950
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	725	335	390
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	125	30	90
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	95	30	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	70	20	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	25,260	11,535	13,725
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	24,320	11,090	13,235
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	17,120	7,770	9,355
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	6,570	3,015	3,550
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	630	300	325
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	935	445	490
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	760	360	400
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	110	45	60
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	389,865	189,925	199,940
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	417,835	202,675	215,160
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	45,975	23,075	22,900
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	6,555	3,690	2,865
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	6,990	3,465	3,525
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	15,645	7,580	8,065
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	2,595	1,135	1,460
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,225	625	605
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	7,350	3,955	3,390
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	870	375	495
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,390	725	670
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	1,260	535	725
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	500	225	275
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	505	235	275
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,095	540	555
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	371,860	179,595	192,260
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	417,830	202,675	215,155
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	27,970	12,750	15,215
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	19,840	9,015	10,825
Inuit	1,360	645	710	955	430	520
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	8,205	3,775	4,430
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	174,875	83,705	91,175
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	10,380	4,675	5,705
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	4,135	2,000	2,135
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	163,815	78,680	85,145
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	25	10	20
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	915	410	505
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	800	370	430
Ontarian	645	370	275	25	10	15
Québécois	1,570	780	785	230	120	120
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	15	10	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	288,710	139,060	149,650
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	239,755	114,825	124,935
Channel Islander	445	235	210	40	10	30
Cornish	205	105	95	60	30	25
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	128,095	61,505	66,590
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	99,325	46,185	53,135
Manx	815	475	345	80	45	35
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	118,515	55,875	62,640
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	9,280	4,410	4,875
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	11,795	5,570	6,235
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	68,405	31,825	36,580
Alsatian	355	140	215	10	10	0
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	10	10	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	68,385	31,815	36,575
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	59,690	28,325	31,365
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	1,030	555	480
Bavarian	155	65	85	10	10	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	1,055	520	535
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	13,885	6,315	7,565
Flemish	910	430	475	65	50	15
Frisian	400	230	165	15	0	15
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	47,645	22,640	25,010
Luxembourger	305	145	155	15	10	10
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,405	725	685
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	95	60	30
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	8,305	3,965	4,335
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	2,025	950	1,075
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	620	260	360
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	415	180	235
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	2,855	1,420	1,435
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	1,990	910	1,085
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	705	385	320
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	16,490	8,195	8,295
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	180	85	95
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	135	70	65
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	715	390	320
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	160	70	85
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	255	130	125
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,430	745	685
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	255	100	160
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	605	275	330
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	10	10	10
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	5,995	2,945	3,045
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	715	360	365
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	3,045	1,435	1,610
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	365	220	145
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	5,295	2,705	2,590
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	190	85	105
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	17,105	8,165	8,945
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	255	140	120
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	120	55	65
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	470	215	250
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	25	20	10
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	2,435	1,240	1,195
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	8,380	4,075	4,300
Kosovar	485	255	225	240	115	130
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	95	55	45
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	245	105	145
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	15	0	0
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	2,385	1,130	1,255
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	190	85	105
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	10	10	10
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	105	45	60
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	2,750	1,195	1,555
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	200	95	105
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	65	35	25
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	3,720	1,885	1,830
Basque	815	400	415	100	40	60
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,515	735	775
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	70	50	15
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	20	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	2,045	1,050	995
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	3,660	1,785	1,880
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	80	45	35
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	195	90	100
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	415	215	200
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	155	85	75
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	45	35	10
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	275	125	150
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	120	60	55
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	20	10	10
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	85	25	65
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	1,335	655	680
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	30	10	20
Martinican	160	50	105	10	10	10
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	55	20	35
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	60	20	40
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	250	145	110
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	30	20	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	495	250	235
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	285	135	145
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	2,080	1,055	1,020
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	145	75	75
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	50	30	20
Belizean	355	170	185	10	10	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	40	25	15
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	215	115	100
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	80	55	30
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	235	125	110
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	30	10	20
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	30	15	10
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	55	40	20
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	270	125	145
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	55	35	25
Honduran	1,750	810	940	35	25	10
Maya	1,135	555	575	60	35	25
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	465	230	240
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	40	15	25
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	10	0	15
Paraguayan	305	140	160	0	0	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	145	65	75
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	85	55	30
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	15	0	15
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	60	40	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	150	80	70
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	12,850	6,195	6,660
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	1,075	560	515
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	15	10	10
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	10	0	10
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	25	20	0
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	170	80	85
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	10	10	10
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	140	80	65
Guinean	680	335	340	30	15	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	90	50	45
Ivorian	615	285	330	0	10	0
Liberian	335	140	200	20	10	0
Malian	260	140	125	10	0	10
Malinké	220	105	120	15	10	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	355	185	175
Peulh	60	40	20	10	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	40	35	10
Togolese	315	205	105	65	35	35
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	70	25	45
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	110	65	50
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	1,715	900	815
Algerian	1,700	835	870	35	25	10
Berber	680	365	315	55	35	20
Coptic	1,815	935	885	25	10	20
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	1,175	630	545
Libyan	1,275	685	600	185	90	95
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	115	55	60
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	110	45	70
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	40	20	20
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	40	25	20
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	1,580	770	815
Afrikaner	340	175	170	25	0	20
Amhara	500	240	260	10	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	10	10	0
Burundian	710	385	325	0	0	0
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	145	75	70
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	250	105	145
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	140	85	60
Malagasy	180	75	100	20	0	20
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	10	0	0
Oromo	830	370	460	30	15	15
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	95	50	50
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	165	80	85
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	400	185	220
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	55	35	15
Tigrian	410	210	200	15	0	10
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	60	20	35
Zambian	385	195	190	75	35	45
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	85	55	30
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	110	65	50
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	8,655	4,055	4,600
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	1,500	695	805
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	7,235	3,400	3,840
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	33,785	17,155	16,625
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	13,905	7,205	6,700
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	230	75	150
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	1,385	720	665
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	225	130	90
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	20	20	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	20	15	10
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,195	680	515
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	585	260	325
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	220	115	100
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	255	145	110
Kazakh	975	445	530	35	20	15
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	225	115	115
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	205	105	100
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	5,265	2,650	2,610
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	925	500	425
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	675	445	235
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	1,695	830	870
Tajik	1,425	670	755	20	10	10
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	35	10	30
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	570	270	300
Turkmen	405	205	200	10	0	10
Uighur	545	255	290	10	10	10
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	90	60	25
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	205	110	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	770	405	370
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	6,885	3,880	3,005
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	210	125	85
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	55	35	20
Bhutanese	150	80	65	205	85	120
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	5,035	2,855	2,180
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	10	10	0
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	10	0	0
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	10	10	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	425	215	210
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	470	290	175
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	165	80	90
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	290	135	155
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	55	25	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	395	240	150
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	12,955	6,085	6,870
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	15	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	55	15	40
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	7,625	3,715	3,910
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	2,700	1,205	1,495
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	95	50	50
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	610	255	360
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	1,315	555	755
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	15	10	10
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	50	20	30
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	30	10	25
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	0	0	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	180	85	95
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	180	60	120
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	10	0	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	585	260	325
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	50	35	20
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	295	140	155
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	300	140	155
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	565	275	290
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	290	135	150
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	195	110	85
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	90	30	55
Fijian	1,185	495	690	10	10	0
Hawaiian	225	115	115	15	0	15
Maori	200	105	90	40	15	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	15	10	10
Samoan	90	45	50	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	182,155	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	111,170	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	70,955	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	182,150	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	10,530	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	171,625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	182,155	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	895	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	25,860	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	47,320	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	66,985	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	41,090	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	182,150	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	47,590	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	26,605	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	26,595	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	23,760	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	182,150	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	180,790	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,355	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	182,150	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	176,005	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	6,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	182,150	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	37,925	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	51,930	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	28,250	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	25,830	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	13,580	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	13,175	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	11,460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	182,155	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	169,765	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	12,385	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	182,150	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	103,645	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	73,860	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	4,650	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	182,150	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	9,200	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	28,935	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	30,230	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	36,285	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	35,650	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	24,835	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	12,865	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	4,150	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	181,345	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	136,375	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	44,970	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	38,165	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	110,995	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	63.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	13.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,162	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,248	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	259,699	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	302,104	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	70,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	8.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	43.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	954	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,028	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	354,225	170,190	184,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	53,465	27,290	26,180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	89,585	44,985	44,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	211,175	97,910	113,265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	28,290	19,485	8,805
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	15,640	8,825	6,815
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	12,650	10,660	1,990
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	73,890	30,900	42,995
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	8,245	3,345	4,905
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	100,745	44,180	56,565
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	67,485	28,870	38,610
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	5,275	2,310	2,965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	2,840	1,500	1,340
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	21,155	9,010	12,150
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	3,990	2,495	1,495
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	236,440	114,100	122,340
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	20,475	11,515	8,960
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	52,345	26,860	25,485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	163,625	75,725	87,895
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	19,880	14,080	5,800
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	10,905	6,390	4,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	8,975	7,685	1,285
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	56,965	24,550	32,420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	5,530	2,235	3,295
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	81,245	34,865	46,385
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	54,470	23,190	31,280
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	4,130	1,685	2,445
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	2,350	1,130	1,220
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	17,445	7,235	10,210
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	2,860	1,630	1,230
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	354,230	170,185	184,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	143,055	72,275	70,775
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	13,280	3,425	9,855
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	13,285	3,425	9,860
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	6,960	3,280	3,680
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	1,350	995	355
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	5,610	2,280	3,325
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	11,095	4,260	6,840
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	760	235	525
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	3,295	990	2,300
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,380	780	1,600
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	50	15	35
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	725	390	335
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	935	560	375
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	2,335	1,165	1,175
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	610	115	490
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	24,430	7,820	16,615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	440	90	350
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	2,345	860	1,480
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	4,220	320	3,905
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	3,695	1,220	2,475
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	400	100	295
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	5,160	1,345	3,810
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	8,170	3,880	4,295
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	49,055	16,895	32,160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	75	25	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	3,000	710	2,290
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	45,975	16,165	29,815
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	10,095	4,875	5,220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	4,705	1,925	2,780
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	2,060	810	1,250
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	95	30	70
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	2,905	2,035	870
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	330	85	245
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	9,905	6,310	3,600
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	7,950	5,405	2,550
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	730	105	620
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	1,095	695	395
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	135	100	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	40,230	37,165	3,060
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	1,015	650	360
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	8,010	6,810	1,205
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	8,945	8,175	770
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	9,345	9,100	250
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	8,865	8,530	330
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	4,045	3,895	150
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	2,430	1,310	1,120
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,185	590	590
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	1,250	720	530
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	30,345	5,510	24,835
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,950	915	1,035
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	27,435	4,010	23,420
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	955	580	375
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	13,305	7,055	6,250
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	7,530	2,005	5,525
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	190	185	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	520	480	40
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	2,105	1,655	445
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	2,965	2,730	230
Other	335	95	235	40	10	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	40	10	30
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	236,440	114,100	122,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	72,815	38,375	34,440
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	9,180	2,205	6,970
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	9,180	2,205	6,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	5,465	2,580	2,885
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	995	750	245
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	4,470	1,830	2,635
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	8,560	3,200	5,360
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	615	180	435
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	2,595	790	1,800
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,880	620	1,260
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	50	15	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	580	300	280
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	600	360	250
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,795	855	940
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	440	85	360
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	20,135	6,200	13,935
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	370	70	300
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	2,015	715	1,295
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	3,445	260	3,185
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	3,220	940	2,280
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	310	70	235
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	4,150	1,070	3,080
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	6,630	3,065	3,560
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	37,700	13,195	24,505
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	70	15	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	2,445	570	1,875
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	35,185	12,600	22,580
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	7,495	3,575	3,915
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	3,670	1,500	2,170
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	1,500	615	890
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	90	30	60
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	2,030	1,405	625
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	195	35	165
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	8,710	5,665	3,045
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	7,295	5,005	2,295
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	500	80	420
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	800	495	305
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	115	90	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	30,615	28,010	2,605
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	765	460	305
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	6,000	5,005	1,000
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	7,050	6,365	685
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	7,115	6,870	240
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	6,745	6,500	255
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	2,930	2,815	120
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	2,000	1,075	925
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	970	485	485
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	1,030	590	440
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	23,285	4,405	18,875
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	1,555	765	785
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	20,965	3,205	17,760
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	765	435	330
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	10,435	5,595	4,835
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	5,940	1,680	4,260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	175	165	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	315	285	30
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	1,655	1,300	355
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	2,355	2,170	185
Other	285	80	205	40	10	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	40	10	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	354,230	170,190	184,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	143,055	72,275	70,775
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	211,175	97,910	113,265
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	192,810	88,605	104,205
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	147,950	66,620	81,325
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	44,860	21,985	22,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	18,370	9,305	9,060
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	3,925	2,085	1,840
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	1,110	395	720
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,470	770	700
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	3,285	1,915	1,365
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	815	320	495
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	255	150	110
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	7,500	3,675	3,830
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	236,440	114,100	122,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	72,815	38,375	34,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	163,625	75,725	87,900
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	149,485	68,810	80,670
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	114,215	51,595	62,620
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	35,270	17,220	18,050
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	14,140	6,915	7,225
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	2,595	1,325	1,265
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	1,030	370	660
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,170	605	565
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	2,115	1,215	900
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	660	260	400
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	205	115	90
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	6,365	3,025	3,345
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	354,230	170,190	184,040
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	235,960	120,265	115,695
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	218,510	110,535	107,975
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	17,445	9,730	7,720
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	118,265	49,920	68,345
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	66.6	70.7	62.9
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	61.7	64.9	58.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.4	8.1	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	354,230	170,190	184,040
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	108,570	45,810	62,755
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	245,660	124,375	121,285
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	134,480	73,085	61,390
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	111,180	51,290	59,890
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	43.1	43.5	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	235,960	120,270	115,695
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	4,260	2,195	2,065
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	231,700	118,070	113,630
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	210,420	105,185	105,235
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	21,280	12,885	8,390
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	235,960	120,265	115,695
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	4,260	2,195	2,065
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	231,700	118,070	113,630
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	25,285	15,095	10,190
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	38,180	11,180	27,005
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	18,045	14,465	3,580
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	18,195	3,500	14,700
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	31,460	12,385	19,070
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	7,735	3,640	4,095
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	57,220	25,135	32,085
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	28,445	26,995	1,445
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	3,000	2,515	490
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	4,135	3,165	965
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	235,960	120,265	115,690
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	4,265	2,195	2,065
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	231,700	118,070	113,630
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,730	1,270	460
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	1,185	1,040	145
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	1,665	1,095	570
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	15,050	13,385	1,660
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	10,805	7,865	2,940
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	7,435	5,350	2,085
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	27,715	12,545	15,170
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	10,445	7,970	2,485
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	6,420	3,670	2,760
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	10,655	4,320	6,335
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	4,495	2,515	1,975
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	18,085	10,145	7,940
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	240	90	150
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	12,170	7,130	5,040
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	18,295	6,200	12,100
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	30,350	5,595	24,760
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	5,020	2,575	2,445
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	16,680	6,990	9,695
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	9,290	4,020	5,270
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	23,955	14,300	9,655
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	218,510	110,535	107,970
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	14,310	6,930	7,380
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	1,065	735	325
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	23,515	17,350	6,160
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	179,620	85,520	94,105
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	179,620	85,520	94,105
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	168,125	79,330	88,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	1,800	630	1,170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	7,790	4,285	3,500
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	1,905	1,275	630
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	203,135	102,870	100,265
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	144,445	76,875	67,560
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	14,795	5,460	9,335
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	23,050	9,990	13,055
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	16,220	7,630	8,595
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,970	1,315	660
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	2,660	1,600	1,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	203,135	102,875	100,265
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	51,020	23,240	27,785
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	81,170	41,980	39,185
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	44,635	23,715	20,925
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	15,315	7,805	7,515
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	10,995	6,140	4,860
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	203,135	102,870	100,265
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	10,270	6,710	3,555
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	39,920	23,880	16,035
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	61,595	30,710	30,880
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	43,285	18,470	24,815
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	20,100	8,775	11,330
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	27,960	14,325	13,645
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	252,185	127,380	124,805
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	250,660	126,745	123,915
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	249,920	126,345	123,575
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	248,370	125,945	122,425
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	1,545	395	1,150
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	735	400	340
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	740	400	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	150	115	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	150	110	40
Amharic	55	20	35	10	0	10
Arabic	1,165	760	405	125	100	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	20	10	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	200	110	90
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	30	20	15
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	10	0	10
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	25	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	25	20	0
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	40	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	10	10	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	25	15	15
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	45	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	20	20	0
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	20	15	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	10	10	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	30	10	15
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	30	10	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	75	35	40
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	10	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	30	10	20
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	40	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	30	10	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	30	0	25
American Sign Language	245	80	170	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	15	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	280	155	125
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	280	150	130
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	60	35	25
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	200	105	100
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	15	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,525	640	890
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	930	335	595
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	560	285	275
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	35	15	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	252,185	127,380	124,805
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	241,600	122,230	119,365
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,355	465	890
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	7,135	3,625	3,515
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	1,930	970	965
Aboriginal	155	50	105	35	15	25
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	1,890	950	945
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	10	0	0
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	155	95	65
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	413,850	200,730	213,120
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	353,205	171,235	181,975
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	60,640	29,495	31,145
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	42,565	20,730	21,830
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	18,080	8,765	9,320
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	13,070	6,270	6,800
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	4,950	2,230	2,715
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	8,115	4,040	4,080
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	5,015	2,495	2,515
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	397,045	192,165	204,875
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	241,255	116,455	124,805
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	155,785	75,720	80,070
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	101,680	49,285	52,395
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	54,110	26,430	27,675
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	39,330	18,720	20,610
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	14,330	6,530	7,800
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	25,005	12,190	12,815
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	14,775	7,715	7,065