Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Regina, City [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Regina, CY Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Regina, City [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	215,106	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	193,150r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	93,197	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	87,417	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,195.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	179.97	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	215,105	105,915	109,190
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	39,675	20,340	19,330
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	14,040	7,120	6,920
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	13,650	7,100	6,545
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	11,985	6,120	5,865
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	145,685	72,915	72,770
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	12,170	6,225	5,950
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	15,150	7,680	7,475
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	17,745	9,060	8,685
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	17,505	8,855	8,645
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	15,785	7,965	7,820
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	13,625	6,815	6,805
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	12,770	6,375	6,390
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	14,645	7,100	7,545
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	14,175	7,000	7,170
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	12,120	5,835	6,280
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	29,750	12,665	17,085
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	9,300	4,370	4,930
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	6,450	2,940	3,515
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	5,160	2,180	2,980
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	4,140	1,615	2,525
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	4,695	1,560	3,140
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	2,840	1,060	1,785
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	1,450	425	1,030
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	340	65	275
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	60	5	55
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	18.4	19.2	17.7
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	67.7	68.8	66.6
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	13.8	12.0	15.6
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.2	1.5	2.9
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	38.4	37.2	39.6
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	36.6	35.5	37.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	87,420	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	56,425	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	4,240	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	26,580	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	2,140	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	5,540	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	1,645	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	17,230	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	25,905	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	29,185	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	13,385	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	11,930	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	7,015	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	211,780	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	175,435	85,575	89,860
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	98,710	49,605	49,100
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	82,770	41,635	41,140
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	15,930	7,975	7,960
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	76,725	35,965	40,760
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	52,645	28,480	24,165
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	3,885	1,590	2,295
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	10,740	4,195	6,540
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	9,460	1,700	7,760
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	58,445	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	29,345	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	12,655	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	11,305	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	5,150	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	58,445	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	47,925	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	39,960	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	7,965	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	10,525	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	8,360	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	2,160	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	47,925	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	23,025	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	24,895	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	9,865	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	10,360	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	4,670	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	10,520	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	6,315	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	2,790	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	1,415	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	42,095	20,950	21,145
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	55,325	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	22,050	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	33,280	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	1,500	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	30,585	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	25,905	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	4,680	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	212,700	104,945	107,750
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	196,885	97,870	99,015
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	200	90	105
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	12,950	5,815	7,140
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	2,660	1,170	1,490
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	212,700	104,950	107,755
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	207,145	102,375	104,770
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	2,405	1,170	1,240
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	570	280	290
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	2,580	1,125	1,455
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	2,690	1,305	1,385
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.3	1.2	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	212,700	104,945	107,755
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	208,195	102,705	105,485
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	171,020	84,025	86,990
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	168,580	82,870	85,710
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	2,445	1,155	1,290
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	37,175	18,675	18,490
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	460	200	260
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	390	170	220
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	290	120	170
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	70	25	45
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	10	5	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	20	15	5
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	195	80	115
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	100	50	50
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	100	50	50
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	5	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	5	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	15	5	10
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dakota	5	0	0	30	10	20
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	36,715	18,475	18,235
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	2,620	1,405	1,215
Berber languages	220	130	90	10	5	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	580	275	305
Bilen	80	45	35	25	10	10
Oromo	1,005	490	515	45	25	20
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	500	235	265
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	10	5	10
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	2,035	1,125	905
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	125	70	60
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,565	885	675
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	25	10	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	0	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	35	20	15
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	0	0	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	280	140	145
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	1,185	585	595
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	45	25	20
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	1,140	565	580
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	6,230	2,985	3,240
Bikol	470	210	260	15	10	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	480	225	255
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	65	30	35
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	335	160	175
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	50	20	25
Pangasinan	450	185	270	15	5	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	5,155	2,480	2,675
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	10	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	65	35	35
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	65	35	30
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	35	20	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	25	10	20
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	625	350	270
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	20	10	10
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	305	160	145
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	150	85	60
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	145	90	55
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	18,330	9,360	8,970
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	190	90	100
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	3,575	1,630	1,945
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	55	25	30
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	20	10	10
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	35	20	20
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	3,520	1,600	1,915
Belarusan	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	65	30	35
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	20	10	5
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	190	90	95
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	35	15	20
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	10	0	5
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	480	210	275
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,005	500	505
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	135	60	75
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	25	15	10
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	30	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	35	10	20
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	1,480	635	840
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	10	5	0
Celtic languages	460	210	250	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	0	0	0
Welsh	150	65	85	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	2,615	1,175	1,445
Afrikaans	985	475	510	125	70	60
Danish	1,570	710	855	35	20	15
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	225	110	120
Frisian	135	60	75	5	5	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	2,145	950	1,200
Icelandic	85	40	45	10	5	10
Norwegian	380	170	210	35	15	20
Swedish	1,140	485	660	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	5	0	5
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	535	280	255
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	9,395	5,180	4,220
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	8,515	4,690	3,830
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	995	525	465
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	1,220	695	525
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	745	430	320
Kashmiri	275	140	140	10	5	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	20	10	10
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	65	35	25
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	395	200	195
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	2,445	1,360	1,090
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	15	15	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	40	20	20
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	2,555	1,395	1,165
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	780	435	350
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	70	40	35
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	215	130	85
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	490	265	225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	100	60	45
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	1,995	995	1,000
Catalan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	370	190	180
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	120	55	65
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	260	110	145
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,245	635	610
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	95	25	70
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	560	250	305
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	0	5	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	1,000	520	480
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	55	35	25
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	30	10	15
Ewe	370	185	190	30	20	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	10	5	5
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	0
Ganda	515	245	270	25	10	15
Igbo	1,520	775	750	120	65	55
Lingala	375	175	200	15	10	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	95	50	45
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	45	20	25
Shona	680	325	355	25	20	5
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	200	100	100
Wolof	160	90	80	20	15	5
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	165	85	75
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	165	85	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	130	75	50
Dinka	45	25	15	55	35	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	70	40	30
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	30	10	20
American Sign Language	470	250	220	10	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	20	5	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	4,975	2,465	2,510
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	4,475	2,220	2,255
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	1,305	625	685
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	15	5	5
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	2,680	1,340	1,345
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	100	55	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	25	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	350	185	160
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	500	245	250
Burmese	1,005	450	555	55	30	20
Karenic languages	265	125	140	425	200	215
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	25	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	235	110	125
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	170	90	80
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	70	25	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	155	80	80
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	0	5	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	135	65	70
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	10	5	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	5	5	0
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	435	195	245
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	5	0	0
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	25	10	20
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	410	185	225
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	40	20	20
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	4,505	2,240	2,270
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	490	225	265
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	3,845	1,930	1,915
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	90	45	45
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	80	35	45
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	212,700	104,945	107,750
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	203,210	100,155	103,055
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	182,890	89,755	93,135
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	181,900	89,265	92,635
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	990	495	500
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	20,320	10,400	9,920
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	45	20	30
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	40	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	15	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	5	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	20,275	10,375	9,895
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	1,825	940	885
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	395	185	215
Bilen	40	15	20	15	10	10
Oromo	545	250	290	25	15	15
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	350	160	185
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	10	0	5
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	1,430	755	675
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	70	35	30
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	1,145	620	525
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	15	10	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	10	5	5
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	190	90	100
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	860	430	430
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	15	5	5
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	845	420	420
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	3,600	1,830	1,765
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	205	100	105
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	25	10	10
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	100	55	45
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	25	10	10
Pangasinan	80	35	40	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	3,205	1,635	1,575
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	30	15	15
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	35	10	25
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	20	0	15
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	350	185	165
Kannada	830	415	410	5	0	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	180	90	90
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	85	45	40
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	85	45	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	8,835	4,625	4,210
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	110	55	55
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,370	685	685
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	15	10	10
Latvian	600	245	355	0	5	0
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	10	5	10
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,355	675	680
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	20	10	10
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	15	5	5
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	75	35	35
Czech	1,415	685	730	5	5	5
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	0	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	140	65	75
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	695	350	340
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	50	20	25
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	10	5	5
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	0	0	0
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	345	175	170
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	235	110	130
Afrikaans	265	125	145	70	35	35
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	15	5	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	145	65	80
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	5	0
Swedish	220	100	120	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	5	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	225	110	115
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	6,070	3,250	2,820
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	5,540	2,970	2,575
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	670	345	325
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	740	410	330
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	430	240	190
Kashmiri	50	25	25	5	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	5	5	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	25	10	10
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	315	160	160
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	1,615	875	740
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	25	10	10
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	1,715	910	805
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	465	245	220
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	25	15	10
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	135	80	60
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	300	150	150
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	60	35	25
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	815	420	395
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	90	45	50
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	70	30	40
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	70	40	35
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	585	305	280
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	35	10	25
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	395	190	205
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	365	170	205
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	20	10	10
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	5	0	5
Ewe	95	40	55	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	10	5	5
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	5	0	5
Igbo	410	205	205	30	15	20
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	75	40	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	20	5	10
Shona	235	115	125	10	10	5
Swahili	1,225	540	690	110	45	65
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	35	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	40	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	65	30	30
Dinka	15	5	5	35	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	25	15	15
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	50	25	20
American Sign Language	720	375	345	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	45	25	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	3,575	1,785	1,790
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	3,225	1,620	1,605
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	815	390	425
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	0	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	2,095	1,065	1,035
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	40	20	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	265	135	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	350	160	185
Burmese	575	260	310	35	20	20
Karenic languages	215	105	110	310	145	165
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	90	40	50
Lao	1,050	505	540	60	30	30
Thai	575	255	320	30	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	100	50	50
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	0	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	95	45	45
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	5	5	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	65	30	30
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	0	0	0
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	65	30	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	25	15	10
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	9,490	4,795	4,700
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	295	140	160
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	8,970	4,525	4,445
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	45	30	20
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	180	100	75
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	212,700	104,945	107,755
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	190,430	93,765	96,665
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	9,540	4,915	4,620
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	2,265	965	1,300
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	9,895	4,995	4,900
Aboriginal	480	205	275	350	155	200
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	9,540	4,840	4,705
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	70	30	35
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	340	185	155
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	155	80	75
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	172,195	84,370	87,825
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	165,615	81,365	84,250
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	42,676	49,538	37,068
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	165,635	81,365	84,270
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	37,801	42,805	33,466
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	152,970	76,175	76,790
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	41,664	49,229	34,727
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	106,800	45,075	61,730
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,092	2,161	5,010
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	130,465	67,125	63,340
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	42,536	49,195	36,570
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	172,195	84,385	87,805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	165,535	81,400	84,140
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	53,458	62,354	44,851
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	165,550	81,405	84,145
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	43,860	50,036	37,884
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	153,035	76,275	76,760
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	52,725	62,627	42,886
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	106,370	44,905	61,465
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,338	6,653	7,838
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	130,465	67,140	63,320
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	51,686	59,924	42,951
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	172,195	84,390	87,810
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	66,545	36,695	29,855
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	60,421	66,861	54,642
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	70,534	78,184	61,130
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	91.2	94.2	87.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	75.9	79.0	71.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	8.8	5.8	12.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	172,195	84,370	87,825
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	6,580	3,005	3,570
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	165,615	81,365	84,255
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.2	96.4	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	18,180	8,185	9,995
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	20,570	8,140	12,430
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	20,285	7,990	12,300
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	18,525	8,110	10,415
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	18,650	8,635	10,010
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	15,575	7,905	7,670
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	12,045	6,530	5,515
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	9,645	5,420	4,220
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	7,930	4,605	3,325
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	6,150	3,555	2,595
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	18,050	12,280	5,775
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	12,895	8,430	4,465
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	5,155	3,850	1,305
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	172,195	84,370	87,825
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	6,555	3,005	3,555
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	165,635	81,365	84,270
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.2	96.4	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	18,700	8,315	10,385
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	21,680	8,580	13,095
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	23,845	9,625	14,220
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	24,105	11,000	13,105
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	22,245	11,090	11,155
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	16,565	8,885	7,685
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	12,375	7,140	5,240
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	8,905	5,085	3,820
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	17,215	11,650	5,565
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	5,755	3,495	2,260
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	3,635	2,475	1,155
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	7,825	5,675	2,150
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	172,195	84,370	87,825
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	41,730	17,245	24,485
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	130,460	67,125	63,335
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	75.8	79.6	72.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	12,925	5,785	7,145
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	8,050	3,510	4,535
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	14,285	6,170	8,120
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	13,255	5,940	7,320
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	13,225	6,195	7,030
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	13,520	6,460	7,055
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	11,910	6,230	5,685
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	9,250	5,135	4,115
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	7,730	4,455	3,280
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	26,310	17,250	9,055
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	6,715	3,900	2,815
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	5,205	3,125	2,075
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	14,390	10,220	4,170
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	87,420	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	81,832	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	70,229	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	25,900	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	44,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	38,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	61,515	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	103,222	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	87,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	101,232	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	83,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	25,915	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	54,383	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	44,606	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	61,505	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	120,972	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	99,267	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	1,125	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	675	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	1,310	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	2,720	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	3,390	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	2,685	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	2,965	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	3,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	3,355	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	3,225	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	6,325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	5,960	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	5,710	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	5,395	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	4,860	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	34,535	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	10,145	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	7,710	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	9,290	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	7,390	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	87,415	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	1,175	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	705	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	1,340	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	2,835	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	3,655	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	3,175	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	3,655	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	4,135	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	4,050	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	3,980	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	7,570	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	7,280	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	6,725	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	5,920	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	5,260	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	25,960	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	10,290	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	6,625	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	9,045	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	58,185	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	102,955	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	87,552	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	21,625	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	98,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	82,964	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	24,925	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	130,150	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	109,098	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	9,740	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	58,172	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	53,559	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	58,275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	121,017	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	99,023	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	21,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	116,335	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	94,272	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	24,940	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	146,336	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	119,082	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	9,745	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	70,225	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	60,610	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	36,635	18,295	18,345
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	40,467	42,811	38,360
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	35,684	37,258	34,331
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	36,420	18,315	18,100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	49,339	52,481	46,159
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	40,922	42,872	38,948
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	211,780	104,660	107,120
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	88,235	41,940	46,290
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	17,200	8,550	8,655
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	17,805	7,840	9,965
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	16,660	7,705	8,950
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	17,650	8,535	9,110
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	18,920	9,305	9,610
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	123,550	62,720	60,825
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	20,710	10,320	10,390
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	22,190	11,160	11,025
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	25,335	12,780	12,550
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	27,750	14,110	13,640
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	27,570	14,350	13,220
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	211,780	104,660	107,120
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	46,675	23,890	22,785
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	16,820	8,590	8,225
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	137,795	68,845	68,945
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	27,315	11,930	15,390
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	24,940	11,545	13,395
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	8,380	4,245	4,135
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	3,380	1,705	1,680
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	13,820	6,445	7,370
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	2,740	850	1,890
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	11.8	11.0	12.5
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	18.0	17.8	18.1
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	20.1	19.8	20.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	10.0	9.4	10.7
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	10.0	7.1	12.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	14,195	7,210	6,985
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	4,135	2,100	2,040
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	1,730	855	875
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	9,580	4,930	4,655
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	470	185	290
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	6.7	6.9	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	8.9	8.8	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	10.3	10.0	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	7.0	7.2	6.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	1.7	1.6	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	211,780	104,660	107,120
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	209,105	103,445	105,665
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	208,830	103,305	105,525
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	13,110	5,830	7,280
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	45,430	22,670	22,760
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	755	350	400
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	620	285	340
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	530	240	290
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	90	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	40	10	25
Woods Cree	15	10	0	45	15	25
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	365	160	205
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	120	50	65
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	115	50	65
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	10	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	10	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	25	15	10
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	75	35	40
Dakota	10	0	0	50	25	25
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	44,700	22,320	22,375
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	3,605	2,005	1,600
Berber languages	245	135	110	25	20	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	10	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	20	15	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	795	400	390
Bilen	85	50	35	35	15	20
Oromo	1,390	590	800	50	30	20
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	720	365	355
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	2,940	1,685	1,250
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	235	115	125
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	2,260	1,375	885
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	50	30	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	315	145	170
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	220	120	95
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	25	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,480	760	720
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	95	40	50
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,385	715	665
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	7,815	3,680	4,130
Bikol	580	260	325	20	10	15
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	785	390	395
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	110	50	60
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	405	195	215
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	70	25	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	75	40	30
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	7,505	3,545	3,960
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	25	15	10
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	165	80	90
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	40	25	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	125	55	65
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	820	440	380
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	50	30	25
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	410	195	210
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	230	120	110
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	190	135	55
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	22,365	11,345	11,020
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	290	140	150
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	25	10	20
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	3,795	1,795	2,000
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	60	40	20
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	45	25	20
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	15	10	0
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	3,760	1,775	1,985
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	0	10
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	115	60	55
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	20	15	10
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	240	135	100
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	30	10	25
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	10	10	0
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	550	250	300
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,570	790	780
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	225	115	110
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	0	10	10
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	35	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	40	20	20
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	1,590	675	910
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	0	0	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	35	25	10
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	10	15	0
Welsh	235	115	125	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	20	15	15
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	3,085	1,450	1,635
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	285	115	170
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	40	20	15
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	265	95	170
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	2,375	1,175	1,200
Icelandic	130	55	75	25	15	10
Norwegian	960	460	500	40	15	20
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	15	0	10
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	55	25	35
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	10
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	865	445	420
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	11,335	6,160	5,170
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	10,505	5,690	4,820
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	1,295	665	625
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	1,465	805	660
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	3,670	2,085	1,580
Kashmiri	475	240	235	25	20	10
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	30	15	10
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	95	55	35
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	485	250	240
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	3,625	2,055	1,565
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	60	35	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	80	45	40
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	3,490	1,815	1,675
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,000	560	435
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	40	30	15
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	320	195	130
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	655	360	295
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	95	40	55
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	3,445	1,600	1,845
Catalan	315	165	150	0	0	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	550	275	270
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	155	70	90
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	260	100	165
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	2,560	1,200	1,355
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	15	10	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	415	185	230
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	645	265	380
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	10	0	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,965	1,025	940
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	175	95	85
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	20	0	20
Ewe	520	270	250	30	10	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	20	10	15
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	400	185	210
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	60	35	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	205	120	85
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	45	20	30
Shona	1,175	515	655	55	40	15
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	495	300	200
Wolof	415	185	230	20	10	10
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	395	190	200
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	320	180	140
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	85	50	35
Dinka	85	65	25	40	25	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	50	25	20
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	260	90	170
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	85	25	65
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	175	70	110
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	5,445	2,665	2,785
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	4,990	2,440	2,555
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	1,680	800	875
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	20	0	15
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	3,305	1,615	1,690
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	140	70	70
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	0	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	480	250	230
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	455	225	230
Burmese	1,325	600	720	140	80	55
Karenic languages	245	115	135	335	160	175
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	320	125	190
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	225	95	135
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	120	50	70
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	240	160	80
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	0	0	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	220	140	75
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	0	0	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	505	215	290
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	0	0	0
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	25	0	20
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	475	205	270
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	155	110	45
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	211,780	104,665	107,115
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	188,160	92,330	95,825
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	41,880	21,330	20,550
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	146,280	71,000	75,280
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	23,625	12,335	11,290
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	211,785	104,660	107,120
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	171,335	84,040	87,300
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	36,145	18,135	18,010
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	4,960	2,420	2,540
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	1,805	890	910
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	2,955	1,410	1,545
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	10,345	5,145	5,195
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	2,875	1,440	1,435
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	7,460	3,705	3,755
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	16,080	8,265	7,820
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	4,305	2,490	1,815
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	36,140	18,135	18,005
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	3,735	1,980	1,755
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	6,345	3,240	3,110
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	6,710	3,220	3,495
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	16,450	8,180	8,270
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	2,905	1,520	1,385
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	36,145	18,135	18,010
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	2,750	1,320	1,430
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	30	15	15
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	45	25	25
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	170	85	85
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	100	50	45
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	20	20	0
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	400	190	210
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	210	110	100
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	55	20	40
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	90	45	50
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,065	470	595
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	555	290	265
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	6,065	2,965	3,095
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	170	75	90
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	195	110	85
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	65	25	40
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	530	250	280
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	310	175	145
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	140	65	75
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	200	110	85
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	265	130	135
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	215	100	110
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	355	160	190
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	30	15	10
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	185	75	110
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	230	100	135
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	95	50	45
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	820	405	415
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	1,550	770	780
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	710	355	365
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	4,145	2,160	1,980
Algeria	1,240	650	595	40	30	10
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	165	90	70
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	300	145	150
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	180	95	85
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	65	45	20
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	790	380	405
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	455	260	195
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	435	195	235
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,720	920	800
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	23,060	11,620	11,440
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	305	155	150
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	870	460	410
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	2,630	1,220	1,415
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	320	145	175
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	4,255	2,330	1,920
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	200	115	85
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	200	130	70
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	85	30	60
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	395	150	240
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	65	60	0
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	2,565	1,355	1,205
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	7,280	3,455	3,825
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	135	65	70
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	450	225	220
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	75	40	35
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	1,100	545	555
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	2,125	1,135	990
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	130	65	60
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	16,080	8,265	7,820
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	515	260	260
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	0	0	0
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	10	0	10
Cuba	1,200	535	660	20	10	15
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	145	80	60
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	70	35	40
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	160	95	70
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	95	40	60
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,415	725	690
France	1,400	675	725	25	10	15
Germany	915	490	420	20	10	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	110	70	40
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	40	25	20
Romania	1,490	590	900	10	10	0
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	80	30	45
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	320	140	185
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	250	150	100
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	555	285	265
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	1,810	980	830
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	110	55	55
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	30	20	15
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	85	45	40
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	100	60	35
Morocco	365	145	220	25	20	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	490	245	235
Somalia	1,155	555	600	235	140	100
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	105	40	65
Tunisia	125	90	40	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	590	330	255
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	12,310	6,270	6,040
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	115	40	75
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	520	280	240
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	1,275	605	670
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	30	15	15
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	2,855	1,555	1,300
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	75	45	30
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	125	75	45
Israel	1,665	880	785	75	45	30
Japan	965	265	700	20	10	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	170	60	105
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	20	20	0
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	135	70	60
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	1,235	655	580
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	4,395	2,145	2,250
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	50	35	15
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	30	15	15
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	440	225	215
Taiwan	760	300	460	25	10	15
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	50	30	15
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	55	35	20
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	305	140	165
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	315	160	155
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	30	30	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	35	30	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	211,780	104,660	107,120
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	41,010	20,905	20,110
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	29,430	14,130	15,300
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	141,335	69,630	71,705
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	31,445	15,865	15,585
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	20,935	10,875	10,055
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	8,630	5,670	2,960
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	12,305	5,205	7,100
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	5,445	2,240	3,210
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	4,990	2,725	2,270
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	85	30	50
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	211,780	104,660	107,120
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	20,925	9,645	11,280
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	20,520	9,460	11,060
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	12,905	5,940	6,965
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	7,540	3,490	4,045
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	80	30	45
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	215	100	120
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	190	80	105
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	190,855	95,020	95,835
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	211,780	104,665	107,120
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	12,150	5,430	6,715
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	199,635	99,235	100,400
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	211,780	104,660	107,115
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	8,435	3,845	4,595
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	8,040	3,635	4,410
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	6,500	2,980	3,525
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	1,520	650	875
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	395	205	190
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	385	195	190
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	12,915	6,075	6,840
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	12,180	5,780	6,405
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	6,755	3,205	3,545
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	5,350	2,545	2,805
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	75	30	45
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	735	300	435
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	735	300	435
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	190,425	94,745	95,680
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	211,780	104,660	107,120
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	40,745	20,960	19,780
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	12,330	6,660	5,670
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	5,545	2,735	2,815
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	6,330	3,320	3,005
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	8,405	4,020	4,390
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,180	635	545
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	1,535	930	605
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	2,655	1,330	1,330
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	740	400	345
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	600	220	375
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	285	115	165
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	350	170	185
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	790	430	360
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	171,035	83,695	87,335
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	211,780	104,665	107,115
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	21,350	9,920	11,435
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	14,380	6,685	7,695
Inuit	1,360	645	710	100	40	55
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	8,005	3,695	4,310
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	41,915	20,655	21,260
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	95	65	35
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	2,680	1,265	1,410
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	39,895	19,695	20,200
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	30	20	15
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	10	0	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	10	10	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	70	20	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	20	10	15
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	147,345	71,965	75,380
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	84,350	41,555	42,800
Channel Islander	445	235	210	0	0	0
Cornish	205	105	95	0	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	48,725	23,910	24,815
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	32,365	15,415	16,950
Manx	815	475	345	50	15	30
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	38,775	19,170	19,605
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	4,075	2,010	2,065
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	4,330	2,155	2,175
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	22,210	10,710	11,500
Alsatian	355	140	215	10	0	10
Breton	60	35	20	10	0	10
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	22,190	10,705	11,485
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	67,365	32,670	34,700
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	6,145	3,005	3,145
Bavarian	155	65	85	30	25	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	1,695	760	935
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	5,735	2,805	2,925
Flemish	910	430	475	140	85	55
Frisian	400	230	165	25	20	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	59,420	28,685	30,735
Luxembourger	305	145	155	90	70	20
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	705	360	340
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	18,530	8,770	9,755
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	2,185	1,055	1,120
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	785	400	390
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	1,395	650	740
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	10,115	4,860	5,255
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	5,445	2,455	2,995
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	645	300	345
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	50,185	24,295	25,890
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	95	50	45
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	140	65	70
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	1,055	555	500
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	510	230	280
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	30	20	10
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	8,115	3,905	4,210
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	135	80	55
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	265	130	140
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	80	30	45
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	12,465	5,735	6,735
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	4,645	2,280	2,370
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	7,185	3,525	3,660
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	325	180	150
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	26,590	12,820	13,775
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	105	50	55
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	8,470	4,200	4,270
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	300	145	155
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	175	100	75
Catalan	160	105	60	15	10	10
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	675	330	345
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	20	20	0
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	1,360	740	620
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	3,295	1,685	1,610
Kosovar	485	255	225	15	0	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	20	10	10
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	15	10	0
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	35	15	15
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	335	140	195
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	530	230	300
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	0	0	10
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	195	60	135
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	1,625	760	865
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	335	175	165
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	25	0	25
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,100	605	490
Basque	815	400	415	0	0	0
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	635	325	305
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	30	15	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	30	15	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	415	260	155
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	1,455	735	715
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	0	0	0
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	40	20	20
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	10	0	10
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	55	35	15
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	30	20	10
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	35	10	25
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	25	20	0
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	910	465	445
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	0	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	15	0	15
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	15	10	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	140	75	65
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	20	15	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	130	35	95
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	65	40	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	1,765	920	835
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	60	25	30
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	45	20	25
Belizean	355	170	185	10	10	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	0	0	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	95	50	45
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	380	235	140
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	80	40	45
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	10	0	10
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	20	10	10
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	105	55	50
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	45	35	15
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	60	40	25
Honduran	1,750	810	940	20	10	15
Maya	1,135	555	575	30	20	10
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	465	230	235
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	45	15	35
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	0	0	0
Paraguayan	305	140	160	15	10	10
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	65	20	45
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	240	115	130
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	10	10	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	25	10	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	110	65	50
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	6,610	3,455	3,150
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	2,065	1,045	1,020
Akan	700	395	305	105	70	40
Angolan	1,030	490	535	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	10	10	0
Beninese	370	190	180	10	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	15	10	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	35	15	25
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	275	125	150
Edo	935	490	445	10	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	205	105	95
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	240	115	125
Ivorian	615	285	330	40	20	25
Liberian	335	140	200	35	10	20
Malian	260	140	125	15	10	10
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	955	495	460
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	15	15	10
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	205	105	105
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	120	70	50
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	850	495	355
Algerian	1,700	835	870	60	45	15
Berber	680	365	315	35	30	10
Coptic	1,815	935	885	0	0	0
Dinka	35	25	10	15	10	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	225	140	85
Libyan	1,275	685	600	140	85	60
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	65	35	30
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	290	150	135
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	50	25	25
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	0	10	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,510	1,260	1,250
Afrikaner	340	175	170	15	0	10
Amhara	500	240	260	10	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	20	15	0
Burundian	710	385	325	180	90	85
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	365	190	170
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	275	135	140
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	90	30	50
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	55	25	30
Oromo	830	370	460	30	20	10
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	60	15	45
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	830	445	385
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	250	100	150
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	15	0	10
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	10	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	55	20	35
Zambian	385	195	190	75	35	35
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	105	80	25
Zulu	205	100	110	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	195	105	95
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,335	735	590
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	135	70	65
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,210	670	535
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	33,350	17,035	16,315
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	2,940	1,680	1,260
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	395	220	170
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	495	295	200
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	70	25	50
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	15	10	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	0	0	0
Hazara	515	280	235	20	10	15
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	355	190	165
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	210	135	75
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	40	25	15
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	25	10	10
Kazakh	975	445	530	10	0	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	85	55	35
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	10	10	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	20	10	10
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	270	140	135
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	15	10	0
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	75	40	30
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	60	60	10
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	555	315	235
Tajik	1,425	670	755	10	10	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	25	15	10
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	305	160	140
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	25	15	10
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	15	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	75	50	25
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	12,100	6,520	5,580
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	730	370	360
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	225	120	105
Bhutanese	150	80	65	105	50	60
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	7,610	4,170	3,435
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	0	0	0
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	75	35	40
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	60	40	25
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	340	190	145
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	2,535	1,345	1,185
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	610	345	265
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	155	80	80
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	60	25	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	360	185	175
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	18,540	8,960	9,580
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	205	80	120
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	145	80	65
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	6,515	3,215	3,300
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	8,885	4,260	4,625
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	50	25	25
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	370	155	210
Karen	265	115	145	330	160	170
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	670	275	400
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	350	150	200
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	45	25	20
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	70	45	25
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	0	0	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	110	55	55
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	195	70	125
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	10	0	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,545	780	765
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	30	10	20
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	180	100	80
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	180	95	85
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	225	115	120
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	160	80	85
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	35	20	15
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	40	25	20
Fijian	1,185	495	690	10	0	0
Hawaiian	225	115	115	0	0	0
Maori	200	105	90	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	25	10	10
Samoan	90	45	50	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	59,340	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	28,075	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	12,565	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	74,850	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	340	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	10,460	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	22,095	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	29,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	24,600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	87,420	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	24,025	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	13,420	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	12,540	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	11,265	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	26,170	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	87,420	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	85,280	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	2,140	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	87,420	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	82,780	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	4,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	87,420	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	19,055	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	32,465	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	12,040	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	5,595	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	3,725	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	5,230	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	9,305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	81,060	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	6,360	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	87,415	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	50,505	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	34,305	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	2,605	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	87,420	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	3,800	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	16,665	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	16,295	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	15,985	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	15,970	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	9,955	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	6,080	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	2,680	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	87,355	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	67,285	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	20,065	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	17,590	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	59,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	62.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	12.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,254	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,325	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	340,568	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	363,071	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	28,075	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	19.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	46.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,091	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,161	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	172,195	84,385	87,805
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	26,030	13,140	12,890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	55,035	27,305	27,725
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	91,135	43,945	47,190
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	14,595	10,485	4,105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	6,090	3,415	2,675
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	8,505	7,070	1,430
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	26,665	10,445	16,225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	6,270	2,395	3,875
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	43,610	20,620	22,985
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	31,520	14,690	16,830
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	2,135	1,030	1,105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	1,175	610	570
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	7,575	3,535	4,045
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	1,200	760	440
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	117,685	58,940	58,745
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	9,710	5,510	4,200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	34,780	18,115	16,665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	73,195	35,315	37,880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	10,865	8,025	2,840
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	4,385	2,570	1,810
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	6,480	5,455	1,030
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	21,045	8,535	12,505
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	4,570	1,735	2,840
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	36,710	17,025	19,690
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	26,555	12,225	14,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	1,655	805	855
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	955	435	520
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	6,645	3,015	3,625
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	905	540	365
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	172,190	84,390	87,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	81,060	40,445	40,615
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	7,845	2,220	5,625
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	7,845	2,220	5,625
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	2,495	1,255	1,240
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	560	395	165
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	1,935	855	1,075
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	3,795	1,585	2,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	335	100	230
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	1,015	325	690
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	840	320	520
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	370	185	185
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	640	345	300
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	450	270	175
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	140	40	100
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	8,835	3,490	5,345
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	160	30	130
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	900	435	465
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	1,375	90	1,285
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,565	685	880
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	105	20	85
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	1,675	480	1,195
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	3,055	1,750	1,305
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	21,985	8,020	13,965
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	55	30	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	1,870	525	1,345
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	20,060	7,465	12,595
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	2,840	1,505	1,330
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	1,155	495	655
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	555	325	230
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	25	10	15
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	905	645	265
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	205	40	165
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	4,200	2,905	1,295
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	3,480	2,540	935
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	210	50	165
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	435	260	175
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	75	55	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	18,505	16,860	1,645
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	550	370	185
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	4,660	3,835	820
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	2,980	2,710	270
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	4,650	4,500	155
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	3,595	3,495	100
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	2,070	1,955	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	1,385	995	390
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,010	730	275
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	375	260	115
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	14,420	3,050	11,370
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,025	510	520
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	13,015	2,330	10,685
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	375	210	165
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	4,820	2,055	2,765
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	3,175	755	2,420
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	35	30	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	925	640	285
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	680	630	45
Other	335	95	235	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	117,685	58,940	58,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	44,490	23,620	20,865
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	5,465	1,480	3,985
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	5,465	1,480	3,985
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	2,035	1,020	1,010
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	430	305	120
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	1,610	715	890
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	3,065	1,225	1,840
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	290	85	200
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	800	250	555
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	720	260	460
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	300	145	160
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	490	240	245
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	355	215	140
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	105	25	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	7,390	2,855	4,535
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	140	25	110
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	790	370	415
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	1,090	80	1,010
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,370	560	810
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	85	20	65
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	1,325	335	990
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	2,600	1,465	1,135
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	18,155	6,610	11,545
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	35	15	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	1,585	400	1,185
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	16,530	6,195	10,335
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	2,195	1,125	1,070
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	900	375	520
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	430	245	190
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	705	460	250
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	130	35	95
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	3,755	2,625	1,130
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	3,205	2,365	835
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	160	40	120
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	320	175	145
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	75	50	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	14,795	13,370	1,420
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	450	280	170
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	3,940	3,210	730
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	2,460	2,225	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	3,730	3,610	120
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	2,605	2,520	85
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	1,610	1,530	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,130	775	350
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	780	535	245
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	345	235	110
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	11,435	2,525	8,910
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	885	460	425
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	10,270	1,935	8,335
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	285	130	150
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	3,765	1,695	2,075
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	2,475	665	1,805
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	720	500	225
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	540	495	45
Other	285	80	205	15	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	15	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	172,195	84,385	87,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	81,060	40,440	40,615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	91,135	43,945	47,185
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	74,660	35,545	39,110
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	61,240	28,485	32,755
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	13,420	7,065	6,355
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	16,470	8,395	8,080
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	1,835	1,000	840
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	3,895	1,775	2,115
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	2,940	1,565	1,380
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	970	525	445
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	950	485	465
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	75	45	30
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	5,810	3,005	2,805
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	117,685	58,940	58,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	44,490	23,625	20,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	73,195	35,320	37,880
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	58,880	28,055	30,825
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	48,095	22,405	25,685
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	10,790	5,645	5,145
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	14,315	7,265	7,050
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	1,340	700	640
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	3,665	1,695	1,975
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	2,640	1,425	1,215
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	615	350	270
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	865	435	425
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	70	45	25
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	5,120	2,620	2,495
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	172,195	84,385	87,805
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	121,425	63,445	57,985
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	114,145	59,455	54,695
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	7,280	3,995	3,290
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	50,770	20,945	29,825
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	70.5	75.2	66.0
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	66.3	70.5	62.3
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	6.0	6.3	5.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	172,190	84,390	87,805
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	46,050	18,745	27,305
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	126,140	65,645	60,500
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	68,030	37,695	30,340
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	58,110	27,950	30,160
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	43.4	43.9	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	121,425	63,445	57,980
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	1,880	830	1,045
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	119,550	62,615	56,935
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	109,440	56,275	53,165
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	10,110	6,340	3,770
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	121,425	63,445	57,980
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	1,880	830	1,045
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	119,545	62,615	56,935
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	12,555	7,740	4,820
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	21,380	6,500	14,880
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	8,830	6,835	1,995
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	8,675	1,715	6,955
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	13,955	4,735	9,225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	3,030	1,460	1,565
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	28,640	12,715	15,920
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	18,200	17,270	925
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	1,410	1,135	275
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	2,880	2,505	370
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	121,425	63,445	57,980
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	1,880	830	1,050
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	119,550	62,615	56,935
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,200	925	275
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	1,260	1,055	200
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	1,830	1,020	805
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	9,815	8,710	1,110
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	5,830	4,880	950
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	4,895	3,810	1,095
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	13,680	7,020	6,660
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	4,840	3,935	905
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	4,000	2,265	1,730
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	7,065	2,775	4,295
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	2,020	1,075	945
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	6,925	3,990	2,935
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	265	150	120
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	4,090	2,455	1,640
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	8,075	2,690	5,380
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	15,410	3,010	12,400
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	2,680	1,390	1,285
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	9,045	3,780	5,265
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	5,460	2,475	2,985
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	11,175	5,205	5,965
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	114,145	59,455	54,695
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	4,665	2,165	2,505
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	245	165	80
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	11,960	9,460	2,500
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	97,275	47,665	49,610
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	97,275	47,665	49,610
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	89,145	41,625	47,520
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	6,690	5,125	1,565
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	1,065	695	370
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	370	220	150
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	109,235	57,125	52,110
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	88,850	49,045	39,800
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	7,575	2,315	5,260
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	6,010	2,355	3,655
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	4,585	2,105	2,480
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,275	855	420
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	940	440	495
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	109,235	57,125	52,110
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	40,495	19,885	20,610
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	55,485	29,525	25,960
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	8,715	4,805	3,910
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	2,330	1,450	875
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	2,215	1,460	750
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	109,235	57,125	52,110
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	5,765	4,230	1,530
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	18,500	11,370	7,130
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	39,835	20,170	19,670
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	19,210	8,550	10,660
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	9,810	4,365	5,440
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	16,120	8,435	7,680
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	129,930	67,325	62,600
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	129,140	66,925	62,220
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	128,345	66,475	61,870
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	127,710	66,265	61,445
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	635	215	425
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	795	450	345
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	790	450	345
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	80	75	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	15	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	65	70	0
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	45	45	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	20	20	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	95	45	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	90	45	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	45	15	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	170	80	90
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	20	10	10
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	20	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	10	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	0	0	0
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	15	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	10	10	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	95	40	55
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	90	40	55
Bengali	300	145	155	20	0	10
Gujarati	615	210	405	10	0	10
Hindi	740	355	385	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	15	10	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	30	15	10
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	0	0	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	35	15	15
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	10	10	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	40	10	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	10	10	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	350	205	145
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	320	185	130
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	105	70	35
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	170	90	75
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	50	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	30	20	10
Burmese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	10
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	785	400	390
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	215	75	135
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	565	320	245
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	129,930	67,325	62,600
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	125,775	65,275	60,500
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	750	305	450
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	1,140	510	630
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	2,215	1,210	1,005
Aboriginal	155	50	105	30	25	10
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	2,180	1,185	995
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	0	0	0
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	45	25	20
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	208,680	103,150	105,530
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	173,335	85,595	87,740
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	35,350	17,555	17,795
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	24,600	12,245	12,360
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	10,745	5,310	5,435
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	7,235	3,655	3,580
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	4,195	2,055	2,140
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	3,040	1,595	1,440
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	3,510	1,660	1,855
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	197,775	97,635	100,145
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	107,620	52,795	54,825
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	90,160	44,840	45,315
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	54,400	26,885	27,515
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	35,760	17,955	17,800
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	20,445	10,195	10,255
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	10,840	5,065	5,775
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	9,610	5,125	4,485
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	15,310	7,765	7,545