Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Edmonton--Wetaskiwin [Federal electoral district], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Edmonton--Wetaskiwin Alberta [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Edmonton--Wetaskiwin [Federal electoral district], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	158,749	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	110,644	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	43.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	64,260	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	57,322	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	32.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	4,842.44	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	158,755	79,535	79,220
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	35,160	18,075	17,090
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	13,220	6,805	6,415
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	12,190	6,225	5,960
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	9,755	5,040	4,720
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	108,295	54,185	54,110
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	8,565	4,370	4,195
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	9,290	4,630	4,665
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	13,385	6,595	6,785
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	15,670	7,670	8,000
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	14,135	7,110	7,025
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	11,825	6,130	5,700
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	9,795	5,030	4,760
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	9,465	4,665	4,800
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	8,715	4,390	4,320
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	7,460	3,590	3,870
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	15,295	7,275	8,020
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	5,665	2,825	2,845
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	3,775	1,860	1,915
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	2,560	1,245	1,310
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	1,635	725	905
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	1,655	610	1,045
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	1,005	425	585
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	495	145	345
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	125	40	85
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	30	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	22.1	22.7	21.6
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	68.2	68.1	68.3
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	9.6	9.1	10.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.0	0.8	1.3
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	35.1	34.7	35.6
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	34.2	34.0	34.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	57,320	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	37,560	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	410	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	17,810	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	5,810	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	4,870	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	6,705	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	50	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	57,320	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	10,880	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	19,585	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	10,090	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	10,340	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	6,420	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	157,355	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	123,590	61,460	62,125
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	81,320	40,710	40,605
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	68,070	34,080	33,985
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	13,250	6,635	6,620
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	42,265	20,745	21,520
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	29,150	16,160	12,990
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	2,635	1,110	1,525
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	6,185	2,585	3,605
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	4,300	890	3,410
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	45,425	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	20,670	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	9,970	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	10,345	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	4,440	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	45,425	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	39,875	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	33,255	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	6,620	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	5,555	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	4,190	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	1,360	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	39,870	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	17,320	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	22,555	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	8,410	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	9,860	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	4,290	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	5,555	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	3,350	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	1,560	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	21,100	11,070	10,030
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	57,320	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	42,310	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	16,035	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	26,275	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	1,515	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	13,495	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	10,880	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	2,615	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	157,870	79,250	78,620
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	145,465	73,725	71,740
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	155	75	80
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	10,250	4,625	5,625
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	2,005	830	1,175
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	157,870	79,250	78,620
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	152,190	76,590	75,600
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	3,060	1,560	1,495
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	675	300	375
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	1,950	795	1,155
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	3,395	1,715	1,680
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.2	2.2	2.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	157,870	79,250	78,620
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	153,770	77,280	76,490
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	120,390	60,980	59,405
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	117,240	59,365	57,875
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	3,145	1,615	1,535
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	33,385	16,300	17,085
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	295	115	180
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	275	110	165
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	270	110	160
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	60	25	40
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	5	0	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	195	80	115
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	0	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	33,090	16,185	16,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	1,075	570	505
Berber languages	220	130	90	5	5	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	130	60	70
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	20	5	15
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	105	50	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	945	515	435
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	30	15	15
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	870	475	395
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	10	5	5
Harari	930	435	490	5	5	5
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	10	10	5
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	0	0	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	15	5	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	430	185	240
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	25	10	15
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	400	175	230
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	5,315	2,335	2,975
Bikol	470	210	260	10	0	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	285	125	165
Fijian	55	25	25	0	5	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	45	20	25
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	190	80	110
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	55	20	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	50	25	30
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	4,645	2,050	2,595
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	10	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	20	10	5
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	45	25	25
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	35	20	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	1,225	635	590
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	70	35	30
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	515	265	250
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	400	215	190
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	240	120	120
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	17,820	9,010	8,810
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	80	40	40
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	2,300	1,125	1,175
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	40	20	20
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	25	10	15
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	15	10	10
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	2,265	1,110	1,155
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	0	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	75	40	40
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	25	15	10
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	85	40	40
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	50	25	25
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	15	10	5
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	670	320	350
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	560	260	295
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	85	40	40
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	10	5	10
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	40	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	20	10	15
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	615	305	310
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	5	0	5
Celtic languages	460	210	250	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	5	0	0
Welsh	150	65	85	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	5	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	3,055	1,555	1,500
Afrikaans	985	475	510	95	45	45
Danish	1,570	710	855	70	40	30
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	520	260	265
Frisian	135	60	75	20	10	5
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	2,270	1,155	1,115
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	0	5
Norwegian	380	170	210	25	15	10
Swedish	1,140	485	660	50	20	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	5	5	0
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	35	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	10,020	5,110	4,905
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	9,560	4,870	4,690
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	265	135	125
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	1,445	745	705
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	1,195	590	605
Kashmiri	275	140	140	10	5	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	15	5	10
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	125	65	65
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	305	155	155
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	10	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	4,340	2,230	2,105
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	140	70	70
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	195	100	90
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	1,520	765	755
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	395	205	190
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	10	5	5
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	335	170	165
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	70	35	35
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	2,315	1,145	1,160
Catalan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	105	50	55
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	250	110	140
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	190	100	90
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,765	890	875
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	0	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	115	30	85
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	5	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	1,370	675	700
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	20	10	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	765	380	385
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	140	75	70
Bamanankan	60	30	30	5	5	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	5	5	5
Ewe	370	185	190	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	5	0	5
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	5
Ganda	515	245	270	20	10	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	60	25	25
Lingala	375	175	200	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	20	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	30	5	20
Shona	680	325	355	125	60	70
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	75	40	40
Wolof	160	90	80	10	5	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	115	60	50
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	135	60	75
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	10	5	0
Dinka	45	25	15	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	5	5	5
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	35	15	25
American Sign Language	470	250	220	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	4,540	2,155	2,390
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	4,485	2,125	2,360
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	1,690	805	885
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	20	5	15
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	2,535	1,205	1,330
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	65	35	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	140	65	75
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	50	25	30
Burmese	1,005	450	555	20	15	10
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	55	20	35
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	15	5	10
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	40	10	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	5	5	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	95	55	40
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	20	15	10
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	60	35	25
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	5	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	10	5	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	160	75	85
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	5	0	0
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	15	5	10
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	145	65	80
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	20	10	10
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	4,095	1,970	2,130
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	440	215	225
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	3,490	1,680	1,815
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	105	40	55
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	60	30	35
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	157,870	79,245	78,620
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	149,145	75,045	74,100
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	130,520	65,830	64,690
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	129,320	65,220	64,105
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	1,195	610	590
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	18,625	9,215	9,410
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	55	20	35
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	55	20	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	55	20	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	50	20	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	18,565	9,190	9,375
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	485	240	245
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	60	25	35
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	20	10	10
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	40	15	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	420	210	210
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	10	5	5
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	395	200	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	5	0	5
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	0	0	0
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	200	85	110
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	5	5	5
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	190	85	110
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	2,605	1,225	1,380
Bikol	85	35	45	5	5	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	110	50	55
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	10	5	10
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	45	25	25
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	25	10	10
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	2,395	1,125	1,270
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	5	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	785	400	385
Kannada	830	415	410	25	15	10
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	325	170	160
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	275	145	130
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	170	85	80
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	9,730	4,920	4,810
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	35	15	20
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	835	430	405
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	20	10	10
Latvian	600	245	355	15	10	10
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	5	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	820	420	400
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	30	15	15
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	10	5	5
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	20	5	10
Czech	1,415	685	730	15	5	5
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	5	5	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	250	130	125
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	275	140	130
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	0	0	0
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	10	0	5
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	165	90	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	5	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	750	385	360
Afrikaans	265	125	145	55	25	25
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	65	30	30
Frisian	5	0	0	5	5	5
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	610	315	295
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	5	5	0
Swedish	220	100	120	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	6,885	3,480	3,400
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	6,615	3,345	3,270
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	160	80	80
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	1,015	510	500
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	740	385	360
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	80	35	40
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	210	100	100
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	3,245	1,650	1,595
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	105	60	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	105	55	50
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	950	465	490
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	230	120	115
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	25	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	210	105	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,220	605	620
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	10	5	10
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	120	55	65
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	85	40	45
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,005	505	500
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	50	15	35
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	5	5	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	1,050	535	515
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	15	5	5
Mongolian	200	100	95	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	285	135	150
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	80	35	40
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	5	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	5	5	5
Igbo	410	205	205	10	5	5
Lingala	95	40	55	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	5	0	5
Shona	235	115	125	55	20	35
Swahili	1,225	540	690	20	10	5
Wolof	80	45	35	5	5	5
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	60	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	35	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	55	30	20
American Sign Language	720	375	345	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	35	25	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	3,160	1,520	1,645
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	3,130	1,505	1,625
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	1,050	510	535
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	0	0	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	1,960	945	1,015
Min Dong	240	105	135	5	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	80	35	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	35	15	25
Burmese	575	260	310	15	10	10
Karenic languages	215	105	110	5	5	5
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	10	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	10	10	5
Lao	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Thai	575	255	320	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	55	30	25
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	10	5	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	45	25	25
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	55	25	30
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	0	0	0
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	55	30	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	0	0	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	8,725	4,200	4,520
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	325	140	185
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	8,200	3,970	4,235
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	40	20	20
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	155	75	80
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	157,870	79,250	78,620
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	136,575	68,850	67,725
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	9,010	4,520	4,495
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	1,900	870	1,030
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	9,965	4,795	5,170
Aboriginal	480	205	275	375	180	205
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	9,585	4,620	4,970
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	45	25	25
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	265	140	120
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	105	45	60
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	122,265	60,985	61,285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	116,780	58,435	58,355
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	46,918	63,175	34,052
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	116,805	58,435	58,375
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	41,107	52,945	30,978
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	109,655	56,510	53,145
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	46,757	62,792	32,946
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	65,395	24,405	40,985
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	3,845	3,854	3,845
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	98,430	51,815	46,620
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	47,457	62,916	34,161
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	121,905	60,705	61,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	116,575	58,255	58,315
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	60,502	77,602	43,419
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	116,600	58,255	58,345
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	49,162	61,533	36,810
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	109,460	56,435	53,020
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	60,396	77,061	42,659
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	65,350	24,495	40,855
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,763	7,021	6,608
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	98,170	51,605	46,570
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	58,571	73,581	41,936
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	121,905	60,705	61,195
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	47,860	28,055	19,805
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	65,880	79,161	53,301
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	76,850	88,947	59,709
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	93.7	96.2	89.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	80.9	83.3	76.5
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	6.3	3.8	10.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	122,265	60,980	61,285
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	5,485	2,550	2,935
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	116,780	58,430	58,350
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.5	95.8	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	14,505	4,760	9,750
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	12,825	4,455	8,365
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	12,715	4,500	8,210
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	10,960	4,225	6,735
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	10,615	4,700	5,920
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	10,105	4,895	5,210
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	8,495	4,805	3,690
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	7,090	4,295	2,795
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	5,975	3,895	2,080
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	5,300	3,505	1,800
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	18,195	14,395	3,805
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	12,200	9,305	2,895
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	5,995	5,090	910
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	122,265	60,980	61,285
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	5,460	2,545	2,910
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	116,805	58,435	58,370
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.5	95.8	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	14,835	4,855	9,975
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	13,505	4,700	8,800
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	14,825	5,260	9,565
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	13,655	5,690	7,965
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	13,895	6,705	7,195
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	11,475	6,425	5,045
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	9,060	5,750	3,310
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	7,305	4,830	2,470
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	18,255	14,210	4,045
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	5,525	3,850	1,675
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	3,585	2,745	845
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	9,140	7,615	1,530
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	122,265	60,985	61,285
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	23,835	9,170	14,665
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	98,430	51,810	46,620
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	80.5	85.0	76.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	9,750	4,100	5,660
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	6,025	2,290	3,730
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	9,815	3,595	6,215
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	8,770	3,140	5,630
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	8,410	3,415	4,995
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	8,705	3,905	4,800
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	8,375	4,170	4,200
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	7,025	4,020	3,005
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	6,070	3,810	2,265
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	25,480	19,370	6,110
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	5,220	3,470	1,750
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	4,775	3,220	1,560
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	15,490	12,680	2,800
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	57,325	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	105,035	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	88,422	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	10,880	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	54,835	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	46,342	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	46,440	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	118,181	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	99,095	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	57,195	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	123,315	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	100,227	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	10,825	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	67,132	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	54,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	46,370	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	136,429	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	110,951	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	57,320	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	555	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	375	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	450	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	840	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	1,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	1,080	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	1,220	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	1,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	1,400	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	1,390	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	3,125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	3,270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	3,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	3,390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	3,515	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	30,410	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	8,085	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	6,545	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	8,545	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	7,240	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	57,325	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	620	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	385	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	475	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	890	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	1,680	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	1,235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	1,405	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	1,590	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	1,795	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	1,960	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	4,125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	4,145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	4,480	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	4,610	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	4,195	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	23,725	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	8,770	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	6,055	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	8,895	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	44,600	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	116,326	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	97,628	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	15,680	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	107,275	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	89,757	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	22,590	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	133,733	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	111,417	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	5,015	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	65,526	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	58,688	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	44,575	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	134,771	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	109,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	15,795	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	129,131	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	103,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	22,455	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	150,172	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	122,482	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	5,045	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	84,934	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	71,306	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	17,310	9,320	7,990
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	49,259	57,653	39,802
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	42,210	48,146	35,671
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	17,165	9,185	7,985
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	60,924	68,946	51,697
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	49,606	55,115	43,269
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	157,360	79,015	78,345
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	53,015	25,400	27,620
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	8,220	3,875	4,345
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	8,560	3,790	4,765
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	9,940	4,705	5,235
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	12,010	5,795	6,210
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	14,285	7,230	7,055
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	104,340	53,615	50,725
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	15,665	7,810	7,855
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	18,155	9,195	8,970
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	20,565	10,570	9,995
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	23,840	12,320	11,520
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	26,115	13,730	12,385
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	156,930	78,795	78,130
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	40,165	20,640	19,520
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	15,730	8,045	7,685
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	102,520	51,205	51,315
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	14,250	6,950	7,300
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	10,900	5,025	5,875
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	3,530	1,795	1,735
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	1,355	665	685
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	6,130	2,750	3,380
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	1,235	475	760
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	6.9	6.4	7.5
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	8.8	8.7	8.9
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	8.6	8.3	8.9
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	6.0	5.4	6.6
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	8.7	6.8	10.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	6,650	3,150	3,505
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	2,105	1,065	1,040
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	825	400	425
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	4,275	1,955	2,320
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	270	130	140
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	4.2	4.0	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	5.2	5.2	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	5.2	5.0	5.5
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	4.2	3.8	4.5
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	1.9	1.9	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	156,830	78,710	78,120
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	154,870	77,895	76,970
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	154,685	77,805	76,880
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	10,290	4,645	5,645
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	42,320	20,530	21,790
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	510	235	280
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	485	225	265
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	480	220	260
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	110	40	65
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	365	165	190
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	10	0
Stoney	0	0	10	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	41,810	20,295	21,515
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	1,730	895	830
Berber languages	245	135	110	25	15	15
Kabyle	80	40	40	15	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	10	10	10
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	210	115	100
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	20	0	20
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	200	110	90
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	1,510	795	715
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	15	15	0
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	1,410	740	665
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	15	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	20	0	15
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	60	35	25
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	0	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	15	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	570	260	310
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	25	15	10
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	540	245	295
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	6,800	3,025	3,775
Bikol	580	260	325	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	325	145	180
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	65	25	35
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	315	135	185
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	125	45	80
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	35	20	15
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	6,560	2,925	3,635
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	60	35	30
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	155	85	70
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	95	40	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	70	40	30
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	1,645	890	765
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	120	50	70
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	700	385	310
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	605	340	265
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	320	165	160
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	23,070	11,460	11,610
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	125	70	55
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	2,840	1,310	1,530
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	70	30	40
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	45	25	25
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	25	10	15
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	2,805	1,300	1,510
Belarusan	945	495	450	25	15	10
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	115	55	50
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	25	10	10
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	150	85	60
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	45	35	15
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	10	0	0
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	955	425	530
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	815	360	460
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	115	50	65
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	20	10	15
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	20	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	20	10	15
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	810	365	435
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	10	10	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	45	30	15
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	20	15	15
Welsh	235	115	125	15	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	10	10	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	3,615	1,720	1,900
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	140	75	70
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	80	35	45
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	705	325	380
Frisian	195	75	115	15	15	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	2,620	1,255	1,360
Icelandic	130	55	75	10	0	15
Norwegian	960	460	500	50	35	20
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	85	30	55
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	10	0	0
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	65	40	30
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	12,945	6,545	6,395
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	12,550	6,345	6,195
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	275	135	140
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	2,040	995	1,040
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	4,765	2,465	2,300
Kashmiri	475	240	235	30	15	10
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	20	10	10
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	195	110	80
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	320	150	170
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	30	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	5,915	2,975	2,940
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	280	135	140
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	280	140	145
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	2,395	1,220	1,175
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	445	215	225
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	15	10	10
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	35	15	20
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	405	200	205
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	95	50	40
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	3,895	1,985	1,915
Catalan	315	165	150	0	0	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	285	160	125
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	345	190	155
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	235	125	110
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	3,160	1,595	1,570
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	0	0	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	135	55	80
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	1,480	700	780
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	25	10	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	20	15	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,645	805	835
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	270	150	130
Bamanankan	200	110	90	10	0	10
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	20	10	10
Ewe	520	270	250	25	15	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	10
Ga	1,005	490	515	40	20	15
Ganda	865	410	455	60	25	35
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	90	50	40
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	45	40	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	30	20	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	20	10	15
Shona	1,175	515	655	250	125	125
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	325	155	165
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	280	145	135
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	375	150	225
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	25	20	10
Dinka	85	65	25	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	20	20	0
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	330	115	215
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	175	50	120
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	160	70	95
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	5,060	2,455	2,605
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	4,915	2,380	2,535
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	2,130	1,085	1,050
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	25	10	15
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	3,190	1,485	1,705
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	100	55	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	35	15	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	130	65	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	140	70	65
Burmese	1,325	600	720	40	15	20
Karenic languages	245	115	135	20	0	15
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	85	55	30
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	65	20	45
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	30	20	15
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	40	0	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	100	55	40
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	15	10	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	75	45	35
Uyghur	490	225	265	10	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	10	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	0	0	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	160	60	100
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	10	0	0
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	30	15	20
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	120	45	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	75	30	45
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	156,825	78,710	78,120
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	141,700	71,550	70,150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	37,530	19,370	18,165
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	104,165	52,175	51,990
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	15,135	7,160	7,965
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	156,830	78,710	78,120
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	120,425	61,090	59,335
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	34,075	16,525	17,545
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	4,220	2,015	2,205
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	2,595	1,190	1,405
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	4,950	2,395	2,550
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	12,645	6,270	6,375
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	5,365	2,645	2,720
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	7,280	3,630	3,660
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	9,660	4,650	5,015
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	2,330	1,090	1,235
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	34,075	16,525	17,545
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	3,330	1,765	1,565
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	6,230	2,985	3,245
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	6,185	2,745	3,430
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	15,580	7,700	7,880
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	2,750	1,325	1,420
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	34,075	16,525	17,550
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	3,120	1,400	1,720
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	85	45	45
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	275	140	140
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	185	100	80
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	135	75	65
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	25	15	10
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	260	90	170
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	280	145	130
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	40	25	15
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	125	75	55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	975	365	605
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	730	330	395
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	6,015	2,915	3,100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	140	80	60
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	85	40	45
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	45	10	30
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	765	435	330
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	25	15	10
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	25	0	30
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	130	65	65
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	55	45	15
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	565	275	285
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	715	295	420
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	60	30	30
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	180	90	90
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	240	100	140
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	70	30	40
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	325	170	160
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	1,975	980	995
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	605	260	345
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	2,810	1,450	1,360
Algeria	1,240	650	595	45	30	20
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	240	120	115
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	50	20	25
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	235	135	105
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	50	30	20
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	415	230	180
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	90	50	40
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	245	110	135
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,445	725	715
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	21,845	10,610	11,240
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	110	50	60
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	180	80	105
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	2,295	1,090	1,205
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	655	340	320
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	7,285	3,730	3,550
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	190	100	90
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	95	50	45
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	60	25	35
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	1,045	485	565
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	205	115	90
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	1,655	845	815
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	5,885	2,630	3,255
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	365	170	190
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	110	55	50
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	80	25	50
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	435	200	240
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,190	610	580
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	285	150	135
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	9,665	4,650	5,015
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	640	270	370
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	20	10	10
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	65	30	35
Cuba	1,200	535	660	30	15	15
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	110	30	85
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	105	60	50
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	165	60	105
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	35	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	115	60	50
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	970	465	500
France	1,400	675	725	0	0	0
Germany	915	490	420	110	65	45
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	60	40	25
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	30	10	25
Romania	1,490	590	900	20	0	10
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	60	20	45
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	120	70	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	365	160	205
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	205	105	100
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	750	315	435
Algeria	205	95	115	10	10	10
Cameroon	805	355	450	35	10	25
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	10	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	10	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	125	55	65
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	10	0	10
Morocco	365	145	220	0	0	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	160	75	85
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	45	25	20
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	355	140	215
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	7,245	3,560	3,690
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	0	10	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	25	10	15
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	635	290	345
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	90	40	50
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	2,260	1,170	1,090
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	85	50	30
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	20	10	10
Israel	1,665	880	785	20	10	10
Japan	965	265	700	15	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	455	230	225
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	35	15	20
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	120	55	65
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	310	165	140
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	2,725	1,290	1,430
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	110	55	55
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	85	45	40
Taiwan	760	300	460	10	0	0
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	15	0	0
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	30	15	10
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	40	20	20
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	155	50	100
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	50	30	20
Australia	1,005	615	390	20	0	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	35	25	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	156,830	78,710	78,120
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	37,080	17,970	19,110
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	27,935	14,040	13,890
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	91,820	46,695	45,125
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	30,195	14,670	15,525
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	19,220	9,870	9,355
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	7,580	5,030	2,550
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	11,640	4,845	6,800
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	8,450	3,495	4,955
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	2,295	1,185	1,110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	225	115	110
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	156,830	78,710	78,120
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	8,395	4,020	4,370
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	8,200	3,930	4,270
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	3,710	1,750	1,960
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	4,330	2,105	2,225
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	160	75	85
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	95	55	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	100	35	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	148,440	74,685	73,745
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	156,830	78,710	78,120
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	3,335	1,540	1,795
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	153,495	77,170	76,325
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	156,830	78,710	78,120
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	2,345	1,130	1,210
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	2,260	1,085	1,175
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	1,655	790	870
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	540	265	275
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	65	30	30
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	85	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	65	40	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	8,260	4,040	4,220
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	7,925	3,855	4,070
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	4,305	2,065	2,240
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	3,480	1,715	1,770
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	135	70	65
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	340	195	145
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	305	170	135
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	15	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	146,225	73,540	72,690
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	156,830	78,710	78,120
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	41,545	20,595	20,950
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	15,440	7,855	7,590
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	5,445	2,660	2,790
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	4,645	2,410	2,235
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	8,150	3,755	4,395
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,860	975	880
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	1,235	680	555
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	1,055	460	595
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	455	220	230
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	1,590	775	815
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	240	125	115
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	435	225	200
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,000	455	540
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	115,285	58,115	57,170
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	156,830	78,710	78,120
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	10,600	5,175	5,430
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	6,355	3,075	3,280
Inuit	1,360	645	710	240	135	105
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	4,420	2,205	2,215
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	38,425	19,560	18,865
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	175	90	80
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	2,460	1,240	1,225
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	36,575	18,630	17,950
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	75	40	35
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	10	0	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	0	0	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	40	15	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	20	10	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	98,725	49,370	49,355
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	58,225	28,880	29,345
Channel Islander	445	235	210	0	0	0
Cornish	205	105	95	0	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	32,210	15,945	16,265
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	22,320	10,815	11,510
Manx	815	475	345	55	35	15
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	25,470	12,350	13,120
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	2,955	1,425	1,530
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	3,470	1,775	1,695
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	17,280	8,355	8,920
Alsatian	355	140	215	15	10	10
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	17,260	8,350	8,915
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	38,300	18,995	19,300
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	1,225	620	610
Bavarian	155	65	85	10	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	915	390	520
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	7,420	3,690	3,730
Flemish	910	430	475	65	40	25
Frisian	400	230	165	0	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	30,890	15,280	15,605
Luxembourger	305	145	155	0	0	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	820	430	390
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	35	20	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	13,450	6,530	6,915
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	1,920	945	975
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	735	410	325
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	695	325	365
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	6,425	3,175	3,255
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	4,895	2,240	2,660
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	590	280	310
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	28,970	14,315	14,655
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	55	35	20
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	70	20	50
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	735	360	375
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	345	170	170
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	115	30	90
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,695	820	875
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	175	100	70
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	245	140	100
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	30	0	20
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	8,705	4,410	4,295
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	1,095	530	570
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	4,025	1,970	2,055
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	330	160	175
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	17,565	8,665	8,900
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	45	30	15
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	7,200	3,755	3,440
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	105	65	45
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	180	105	85
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	350	200	155
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	0	0	0
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	505	315	190
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	3,060	1,620	1,440
Kosovar	485	255	225	10	10	10
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	20	15	10
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	25	15	10
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	0	0	0
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	720	400	325
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	180	95	85
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	10	0	0
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	150	80	70
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	2,040	950	1,085
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	160	85	75
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	0	0	0
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	660	330	330
Basque	815	400	415	15	10	0
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	295	160	135
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	65	35	30
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	270	125	150
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	1,550	795	755
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	0	10	0
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	100	60	45
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	0	0	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	20	0	10
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	150	80	65
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	80	55	30
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	20	15	10
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	65	30	30
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	715	320	395
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	0	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	35	15	20
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	30	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	170	90	80
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	145	90	55
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	95	75	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	2,680	1,355	1,325
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	50	25	25
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	70	35	35
Belizean	355	170	185	10	10	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	40	25	15
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	125	65	65
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	570	270	305
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	405	205	200
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	20	10	10
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	25	15	10
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	30	15	15
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	145	75	75
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	70	35	35
Honduran	1,750	810	940	10	0	0
Maya	1,135	555	575	10	0	10
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	570	305	260
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	45	20	25
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	10	10	0
Paraguayan	305	140	160	0	0	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	85	55	30
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	345	165	180
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	15	10	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	130	60	70
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	60	30	35
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	4,775	2,490	2,280
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	1,530	840	690
Akan	700	395	305	15	15	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	10	0	10
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	15	10	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	15	15	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	160	85	70
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	150	95	55
Edo	935	490	445	50	40	15
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	460	255	205
Guinean	680	335	340	25	10	15
Ibo	1,495	775	720	20	10	10
Ivorian	615	285	330	30	20	15
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	10
Malian	260	140	125	15	10	10
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	510	285	220
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	20	10	15
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	105	45	55
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	25	10	10
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	690	350	340
Algerian	1,700	835	870	50	25	25
Berber	680	365	315	35	15	15
Coptic	1,815	935	885	20	10	10
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	410	205	205
Libyan	1,275	685	600	25	10	15
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	85	45	45
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	50	20	30
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	35	25	15
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	1,500	745	755
Afrikaner	340	175	170	10	0	0
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	30	15	15
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	10
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	20	10	10
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	85	25	55
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	175	90	85
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	20	0	20
Oromo	830	370	460	15	10	10
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	30	15	15
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	255	150	100
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	210	115	100
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	75	50	25
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	80	35	45
Zambian	385	195	190	35	20	10
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	330	150	180
Zulu	205	100	110	25	15	15
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	270	120	150
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,195	630	565
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	85	45	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,110	585	525
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	35,170	17,230	17,945
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	2,335	1,190	1,145
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	175	90	85
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	260	145	110
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	55	10	45
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	40	20	25
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	0	0	0
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	0	10	0
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	385	195	190
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	150	85	60
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	35	20	10
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	20	10	15
Kazakh	975	445	530	20	10	10
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	10	0	10
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	820	430	395
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	75	40	40
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	45	15	30
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	0	0	0
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	140	65	80
Tajik	1,425	670	755	0	0	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	10	0	0
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	165	80	90
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	10
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	10	10	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	15	0	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	35	15	20
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	15,625	7,915	7,710
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	140	60	80
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	25	10	15
Bhutanese	150	80	65	15	10	10
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	12,240	6,185	6,060
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	10	0	0
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	160	85	75
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	65	40	30
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	265	130	135
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	1,700	860	840
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	1,180	620	555
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	70	45	25
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	390	200	195
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	115	70	40
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	385	175	205
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	17,475	8,245	9,225
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	95	50	45
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	50	35	15
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	6,720	3,220	3,495
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	8,415	3,860	4,560
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	90	30	60
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	440	220	215
Karen	265	115	145	15	10	10
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	1,645	800	850
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	35	15	20
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	200	90	115
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	70	40	30
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	35	10	20
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	45	20	25
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	65	25	45
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	20	10	10
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	780	375	405
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	15	20	0
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	75	40	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	75	35	35
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	510	240	270
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	225	90	140
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	50	30	20
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	250	125	125
Fijian	1,185	495	690	150	70	85
Hawaiian	225	115	115	20	15	0
Maori	200	105	90	30	25	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	10	0	10
Samoan	90	45	50	25	15	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	57,195	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	45,595	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	11,510	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	57,195	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	8,925	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	48,270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	57,195	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	2,625	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	11,640	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	25,275	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	17,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	57,195	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	12,375	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	10,275	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	9,280	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	7,510	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	17,750	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	57,195	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	56,020	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	57,190	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	54,970	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	2,225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	57,195	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	3,500	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	9,300	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	4,180	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	4,385	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	6,715	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	11,515	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	17,600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	57,195	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	55,215	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	1,980	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	57,195	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	30,530	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	24,975	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	1,685	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	57,195	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	1,910	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	13,290	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	13,750	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	10,645	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	9,125	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	5,280	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	2,435	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	55,670	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	44,380	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	11,290	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	10,045	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	44,400	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	76.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	16.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,796	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,742	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	394,483	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	426,740	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	11,455	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	34.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,386	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,396	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	121,905	60,705	61,195
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	18,635	9,730	8,905
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	34,160	16,415	17,745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	69,105	34,565	34,545
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	13,765	11,020	2,740
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	3,610	2,070	1,540
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	10,155	8,950	1,200
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	24,115	10,135	13,990
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	3,895	1,600	2,300
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	27,325	11,810	15,515
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	19,830	8,110	11,720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	1,545	655	885
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	685	290	400
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	4,500	2,255	2,245
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	765	495	270
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	90,075	44,895	45,185
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	8,290	4,585	3,705
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	22,890	10,970	11,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	58,890	29,340	29,550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	11,175	9,085	2,090
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	2,765	1,680	1,085
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	8,410	7,405	1,010
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	20,265	8,555	11,710
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	3,180	1,365	1,815
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	24,270	10,335	13,930
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	17,600	7,140	10,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	1,215	485	720
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	625	260	365
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	4,130	2,000	2,125
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	695	450	245
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	121,905	60,705	61,195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	52,795	26,140	26,655
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	4,685	1,080	3,605
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	4,685	1,085	3,600
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	1,550	625	925
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	365	235	125
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	1,185	390	795
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	2,360	900	1,455
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	260	45	210
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	380	85	295
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	840	285	555
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	145	85	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	465	265	205
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	220	125	95
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	40	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	5,100	1,405	3,695
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	465	155	310
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	1,085	65	1,015
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	870	175	700
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	90	30	60
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	1,000	230	760
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	1,550	740	815
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	13,930	4,855	9,085
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	20	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	750	120	625
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	13,165	4,720	8,445
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	2,560	1,270	1,290
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	840	370	465
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	700	280	420
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	755	480	275
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	235	125	110
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	2,350	1,445	900
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	2,005	1,290	720
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	115	15	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	220	145	75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	20,165	18,285	1,880
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	340	210	130
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	4,200	3,435	760
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	3,705	3,225	480
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	4,440	4,245	200
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	4,075	3,915	160
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	3,410	3,255	160
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	1,605	1,035	575
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,215	785	430
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	390	250	145
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	10,845	1,825	9,015
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	645	340	310
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	10,010	1,420	8,590
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	185	70	120
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	3,955	1,840	2,115
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	2,245	510	1,735
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	830	540	290
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	865	775	95
Other	335	95	235	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	90,075	44,890	45,180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	31,185	15,555	15,630
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	3,730	745	2,980
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	3,725	745	2,980
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	1,275	490	785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	280	175	105
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	995	320	675
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	1,955	755	1,200
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	230	40	190
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	345	80	265
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	705	225	480
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	120	70	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	340	220	120
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	175	110	70
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	35	10	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	4,510	1,230	3,280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	45	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	400	130	270
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	940	50	895
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	790	150	645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	75	20	60
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	850	205	640
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	1,415	665	745
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	12,245	4,225	8,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	20	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	610	95	510
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	11,615	4,125	7,495
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	2,160	1,050	1,105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	715	315	405
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	565	225	340
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	25	10	15
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	670	415	255
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	185	90	95
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	2,160	1,330	830
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	1,860	1,205	660
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	110	10	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	180	110	70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	17,215	15,525	1,690
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	295	170	125
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	3,860	3,145	710
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	3,185	2,775	410
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	3,730	3,570	155
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	3,270	3,125	150
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	2,875	2,735	145
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,295	810	490
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	960	595	370
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	335	215	115
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	9,105	1,645	7,465
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	550	300	250
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	8,375	1,270	7,105
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	180	65	110
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	3,245	1,535	1,705
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	1,775	415	1,365
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	695	440	260
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	755	675	80
Other	285	80	205	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	121,905	60,705	61,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	52,795	26,140	26,655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	69,105	34,565	34,545
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	54,530	27,550	26,975
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	42,615	21,500	21,120
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	11,915	6,055	5,855
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	14,575	7,015	7,565
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	1,330	680	645
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	3,375	1,345	2,035
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	3,385	1,725	1,655
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	825	480	345
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	770	375	395
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	45	35	10
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	4,855	2,365	2,485
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	90,075	44,895	45,180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	31,185	15,550	15,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	58,895	29,345	29,555
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	45,645	23,025	22,620
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	35,470	17,905	17,565
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	10,180	5,125	5,055
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	13,245	6,315	6,930
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	1,110	565	545
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	3,230	1,280	1,945
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	3,120	1,575	1,545
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	670	400	265
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	710	355	355
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	40	30	10
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	4,370	2,110	2,260
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	121,900	60,705	61,200
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	92,250	49,550	42,700
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	84,345	44,630	39,715
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	7,905	4,920	2,990
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	29,655	11,155	18,495
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	75.7	81.6	69.8
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	69.2	73.5	64.9
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	8.6	9.9	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	121,905	60,705	61,195
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	26,520	9,660	16,860
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	95,385	51,040	44,335
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	49,270	29,025	20,250
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	46,110	22,025	24,090
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	43.0	43.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	92,250	49,550	42,700
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	1,255	515	740
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	90,995	49,030	41,960
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	80,465	42,380	38,085
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	10,530	6,655	3,875
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	92,250	49,550	42,700
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	1,255	515	740
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	90,995	49,035	41,960
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	11,110	7,175	3,935
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	14,030	3,270	10,755
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	7,170	5,680	1,485
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	6,180	990	5,190
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	8,635	2,635	6,000
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	1,405	505	900
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	18,480	7,175	11,305
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	18,525	17,145	1,380
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	2,825	2,355	470
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	2,655	2,100	550
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	92,250	49,550	42,700
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	1,255	520	740
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	90,995	49,035	41,960
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	2,300	1,500	800
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	5,490	4,495	995
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	795	585	210
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	11,650	9,580	2,065
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	6,145	4,620	1,525
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	3,785	2,640	1,140
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	10,065	4,540	5,530
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	4,745	3,350	1,400
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	1,045	620	430
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	2,755	900	1,860
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	1,665	870	800
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	5,980	3,330	2,655
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	85	45	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	3,110	1,700	1,415
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	5,195	1,350	3,845
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	9,680	1,300	8,380
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	1,190	560	630
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	6,005	2,335	3,675
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	4,430	2,205	2,225
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	4,860	2,510	2,350
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	84,345	44,630	39,715
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	5,955	2,685	3,270
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	225	175	55
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	12,040	9,320	2,720
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	66,120	32,450	33,670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	66,120	32,450	33,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	37,395	16,545	20,850
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	25,650	13,900	11,755
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	2,775	1,825	950
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	300	180	125
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	78,160	41,770	36,390
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	65,770	36,375	29,395
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	3,695	1,370	2,330
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	5,030	2,080	2,950
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	1,845	750	1,095
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	335	220	115
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,480	975	505
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	78,160	41,765	36,390
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	18,665	8,245	10,425
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	27,035	14,565	12,475
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	18,655	10,620	8,035
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	7,820	4,385	3,440
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	5,970	3,950	2,020
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	78,160	41,770	36,395
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	6,515	4,835	1,680
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	16,445	10,515	5,930
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	24,345	12,730	11,610
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	12,865	5,290	7,575
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	6,520	2,475	4,050
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	11,465	5,920	5,545
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	98,080	52,125	45,955
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	97,355	51,760	45,595
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	96,675	51,425	45,255
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	96,335	51,315	45,020
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	340	110	230
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	680	340	335
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	680	340	335
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	10	0	0
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	15	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	35	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	35	25	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	310	160	155
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	20	10	10
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	20	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	15	0	10
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	35	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	10	10	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	225	110	120
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	220	105	115
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	35	10	25
Hindi	740	355	385	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	155	90	65
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	15	0	15
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	10	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	30	15	15
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	0	0	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	60	15	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	10	0	10
American Sign Language	245	80	170	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	240	130	110
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	245	130	110
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	125	85	45
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	105	40	65
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	725	365	360
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	165	80	80
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	525	255	270
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	40	25	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	98,080	52,125	45,955
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	94,670	50,400	44,270
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	520	240	280
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	790	330	460
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	2,085	1,145	940
Aboriginal	155	50	105	110	45	70
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	1,975	1,100	875
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	0	0	0
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	154,160	77,400	76,760
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	125,480	63,275	62,205
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	28,680	14,125	14,555
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	17,780	8,865	8,915
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	10,900	5,265	5,640
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	9,340	4,615	4,720
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	7,350	3,635	3,715
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	1,990	980	1,010
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	1,560	645	915
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	143,570	71,770	71,795
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	65,470	33,240	32,230
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	78,100	38,535	39,570
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	39,560	19,700	19,860
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	38,540	18,830	19,710
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	30,710	15,155	15,555
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	20,325	9,975	10,355
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	10,380	5,180	5,200
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	7,830	3,675	4,155