Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Cowichan--Malahat--Langford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Cowichan--Malahat--Langford British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Cowichan--Malahat--Langford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	108,052	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	99,195r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	8.9	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	47,717	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	44,616	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	23.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	4,556.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	108,050	52,980	55,075
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	17,200	8,800	8,400
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	5,580	2,835	2,745
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	5,895	3,020	2,880
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	5,720	2,945	2,775
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	69,715	33,995	35,720
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	5,955	3,045	2,915
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	5,185	2,630	2,555
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	5,615	2,760	2,850
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	6,535	3,160	3,375
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	6,625	3,255	3,375
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	6,620	3,215	3,400
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	7,110	3,435	3,675
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	8,565	4,165	4,395
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	9,055	4,290	4,765
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	8,450	4,040	4,410
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	21,140	10,180	10,955
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	7,710	3,895	3,815
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	5,105	2,455	2,655
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	3,500	1,705	1,800
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	2,395	1,160	1,235
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	2,425	965	1,455
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	1,495	670	830
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	710	240	470
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	190	50	135
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	30	10	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	15.9	16.6	15.3
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	64.5	64.2	64.9
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	19.6	19.2	19.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.2	1.8	2.6
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	43.1	42.5	43.7
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	45.2	44.4	45.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	44,615	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	28,025	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	330	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	14,195	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	1,920	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	2,110	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	4,435	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	5,545	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	195	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	2,065	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	44,615	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	11,730	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	17,785	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	6,635	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	5,500	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	2,965	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	105,955	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	90,855	44,180	46,675
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	55,170	27,525	27,655
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	43,870	21,880	21,990
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	11,300	5,640	5,665
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	35,685	16,660	19,025
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	20,835	11,430	9,405
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	2,825	1,240	1,580
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	7,055	2,850	4,205
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	4,965	1,135	3,830
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	32,100	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	18,830	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	6,340	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	5,100	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	1,830	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	32,100	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	27,035	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	21,390	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	5,655	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	5,060	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	3,810	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	1,250	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	27,040	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	15,615	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	11,420	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	4,970	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	4,745	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	1,705	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	5,065	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	3,210	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	1,375	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	19,015	9,085	9,930
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	44,615	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	30,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	14,800	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	15,420	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	915	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	13,475	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	11,730	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	1,750	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	107,180	52,615	54,565
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	99,955	49,305	50,650
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	35	5	20
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	6,840	3,145	3,695
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	350	150	200
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	107,180	52,610	54,565
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	105,320	51,705	53,615
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	1,395	710	680
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	135	60	75
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	330	140	190
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	1,465	740	720
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.4	1.4	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	107,180	52,615	54,565
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	106,190	52,145	54,050
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	98,195	48,435	49,765
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	96,705	47,665	49,040
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	1,495	765	725
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	7,995	3,710	4,280
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	300	145	155
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	5	0	5
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	5	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	0	0	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	260	130	135
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	255	125	130
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	20	15	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	7,690	3,560	4,125
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	145	85	65
Berber languages	220	130	90	5	0	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	5	0	0
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	5	0	5
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	140	80	60
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	0	0	0
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	115	60	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	0	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	10	5	5
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5	5	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	205	95	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	20	15	10
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	180	85	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	620	215	400
Bikol	470	210	260	0	0	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	45	10	30
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	5
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	10	5	10
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	45	15	30
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	15	0	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	490	180	310
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	5	0	5
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	75	35	35
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	5	5	0
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	30	15	15
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	20	10	10
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	5,135	2,475	2,660
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	20	10	10
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	785	370	415
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	20	15	10
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	15	5	5
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	10	5	0
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	765	360	405
Belarusan	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	10	10	5
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	20	10	5
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	65	30	35
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	80	35	50
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	5	0	0
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	210	105	105
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	160	55	95
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	10	10	5
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	25	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	10	5	5
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	140	75	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	10	0	5
Celtic languages	460	210	250	25	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	10	5	5
Welsh	150	65	85	15	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	2,220	1,050	1,170
Afrikaans	985	475	510	65	35	30
Danish	1,570	710	855	160	80	80
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	710	315	395
Frisian	135	60	75	10	5	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	1,150	550	600
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	5	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	50	25	20
Swedish	1,140	485	660	45	20	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	15	5	10
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	5	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	5	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	35	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	1,095	545	550
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	1,015	500	515
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	10	5	5
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	20	15	5
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	65	35	30
Kashmiri	275	140	140	0	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	5	0	0
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	0	0	0
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	845	405	440
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	20	10	10
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	35	20	20
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	85	45	40
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	0	0	0
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	10	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	70	40	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	945	455	490
Catalan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	215	120	95
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	170	80	95
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	55	30	20
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	505	230	275
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	0	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	135	30	110
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	250	120	125
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	0	0	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	35	20	15
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	5	5	5
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	0	0
Ga	440	200	245	0	0	0
Ganda	515	245	270	0	0	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	5	5	0
Lingala	375	175	200	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	0	5	0
Shona	680	325	355	5	0	0
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	10	5	0
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	0	0	5
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	5	5	0
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	35	20	10
American Sign Language	470	250	220	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	20	15	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	730	315	415
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	715	305	410
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	240	110	135
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	5	5	0
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	380	165	220
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	65	25	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	15	5	0
Burmese	1,005	450	555	5	0	0
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	35	10	30
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	5	0	0
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	35	10	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	30	20	10
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	5	5	0
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	20	15	5
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	250	110	140
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	10	5	10
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	90	30	60
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	150	75	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	5	0	5
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	990	470	515
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	205	100	110
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	710	340	375
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	107,180	52,615	54,565
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	105,575	51,855	53,720
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	103,215	50,745	52,465
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	102,895	50,605	52,285
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	320	145	180
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	2,360	1,110	1,250
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	30	10	15
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	25	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	2,335	1,095	1,235
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	60	25	30
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	0	0	0
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	0	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	60	30	30
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	0	0	0
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	55	25	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	0	0	0
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	110	50	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	10	5	5
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	100	45	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	180	80	100
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	10	5	0
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	5	0	0
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	10	5	5
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	5	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	155	65	90
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	35	15	15
Kannada	830	415	410	0	0	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	20	10	10
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	5	0	0
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	1,230	575	655
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	5	5	5
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	140	70	75
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	0	0	0
Latvian	600	245	355	0	0	0
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	0	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	145	70	75
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	0	0	0
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	5	5	0
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	5	0	0
Czech	1,415	685	730	10	5	5
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	0	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	50	25	20
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	50	25	30
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	5	5	0
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	0	0	5
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	5	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	220	105	115
Afrikaans	265	125	145	20	10	10
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	5
Dutch	655	300	350	50	25	25
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	135	65	70
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	5	5	0
Swedish	220	100	120	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	585	270	310
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	560	255	305
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	5	5	0
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	0	5	0
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	30	15	15
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	0	0	0
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	485	220	265
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	10	5	0
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	30	10	15
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	25	15	10
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	0	0	0
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	260	120	140
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	20	10	10
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	30	15	10
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	15	10	10
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	195	85	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	50	15	35
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	185	85	95
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	10	5	10
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	0	0	0
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	5	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	40	25	15
American Sign Language	720	375	345	10	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	30	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	380	185	195
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	370	175	190
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	110	50	55
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	0	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	220	110	115
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	30	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	10	10	5
Burmese	575	260	310	0	0	0
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	10	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	5	5	5
Lao	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Thai	575	255	320	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	0	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	5	0	5
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	30	15	15
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	10	5	5
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	20	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	0	0	5
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	1,605	755	845
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	135	70	65
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	1,425	670	755
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	35	15	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	107,175	52,615	54,565
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	101,545	50,000	51,545
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	1,200	560	640
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	1,185	575	615
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	3,125	1,425	1,700
Aboriginal	480	205	275	290	135	155
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	2,835	1,285	1,545
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	10	5	10
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	40	20	25
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	75	35	40
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	88,835	43,260	45,575
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	85,675	41,725	43,950
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	34,605	43,082	28,650
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	85,800	41,810	43,985
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	31,070	37,583	26,517
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	77,495	38,270	39,225
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	31,910	40,868	25,166
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	60,900	26,640	34,260
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	7,169	7,892	6,794
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	63,570	32,375	31,200
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	31,411	39,468	25,688
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	88,790	43,265	45,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	85,590	41,780	43,805
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	43,465	52,032	35,294
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	85,700	41,845	43,860
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	36,764	42,834	30,973
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	77,295	38,220	39,075
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	41,560	50,792	32,530
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	60,770	26,500	34,270
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	8,352	8,782	8,020
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	63,580	32,305	31,265
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	39,536	47,327	31,486
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	88,790	43,265	45,525
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	27,305	15,270	12,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	52,425	59,918	45,399
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	57,431	64,271	48,754
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	86.4	89.4	82.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	67.8	70.9	63.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	13.6	10.6	17.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	88,835	43,265	45,575
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	3,155	1,535	1,625
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	85,680	41,725	43,950
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.4	96.4	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	11,555	4,820	6,735
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	14,315	5,480	8,840
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	11,955	4,640	7,320
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	10,500	4,615	5,885
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	9,175	4,270	4,905
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	7,245	3,780	3,465
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	5,625	3,460	2,170
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	4,270	2,755	1,515
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	3,370	2,260	1,110
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	2,275	1,565	715
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	5,385	4,085	1,300
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	4,070	3,070	995
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	1,310	1,010	300
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	88,835	43,260	45,575
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	3,035	1,450	1,590
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	85,800	41,810	43,985
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.6	96.6	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	12,140	5,100	7,040
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	15,100	5,915	9,185
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	14,215	5,695	8,520
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	12,225	5,530	6,695
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	10,255	5,100	5,155
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	7,415	4,485	2,930
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	5,265	3,440	1,830
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	3,645	2,440	1,205
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	5,540	4,115	1,425
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	2,030	1,485	550
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	1,225	920	305
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	2,280	1,710	570
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	88,835	43,260	45,575
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	25,265	10,890	14,375
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	63,570	32,375	31,200
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	71.6	74.8	68.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	11,420	5,545	5,875
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	4,370	1,815	2,555
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	8,045	3,240	4,800
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	6,985	2,980	4,010
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	6,460	2,735	3,730
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	6,000	2,745	3,260
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	4,940	2,605	2,335
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	3,855	2,435	1,420
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	3,325	2,190	1,130
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	8,160	6,085	2,075
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	2,610	1,775	840
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	1,745	1,255	490
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	3,805	3,055	745
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	44,615	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	69,954	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	61,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	11,730	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	34,956	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	31,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	32,885	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	85,811	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	74,759	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	44,605	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	83,406	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	70,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	11,690	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	43,335	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	36,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	32,910	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	97,639	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	82,714	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	44,615	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	655	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	540	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	1,170	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	1,690	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	1,930	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	1,685	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	1,890	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	1,910	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	1,965	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	1,925	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	3,625	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	3,335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	3,135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	2,945	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	2,545	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	13,670	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	5,150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	3,395	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	3,260	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	1,860	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	44,615	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	700	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	550	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	1,185	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	1,765	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	2,240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	2,005	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	2,285	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	2,310	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	2,345	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	2,145	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	4,175	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	3,955	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	3,545	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	3,145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	2,580	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	9,675	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	4,675	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	2,450	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	2,555	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	31,630	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	85,307	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	74,190	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	14,500	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	79,533	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	69,461	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	11,515	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	109,234	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	93,617	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	4,645	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	48,348	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	44,297	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	31,695	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	96,695	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	81,799	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	14,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	91,395	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	77,167	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	11,475	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	119,928	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	100,608	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	4,670	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	55,319	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	49,002	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	16,490	7,985	8,505
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	31,765	34,317	29,820
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,672	30,697	27,260
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	16,415	7,920	8,490
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	39,931	43,757	36,364
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	34,007	36,378	31,796
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	105,950	52,020	53,935
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	53,465	25,455	28,010
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	11,575	5,620	5,955
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	10,645	4,795	5,850
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	10,195	4,790	5,405
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	10,395	4,995	5,400
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	10,655	5,255	5,400
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	52,485	26,565	25,925
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	11,185	5,590	5,600
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	11,540	5,780	5,755
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	11,130	5,655	5,475
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	10,775	5,520	5,255
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	7,855	4,015	3,840
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	102,635	50,325	52,310
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	19,665	10,085	9,580
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	6,295	3,190	3,105
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	63,225	30,590	32,640
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	19,745	9,655	10,090
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	14,285	6,650	7,630
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	3,640	1,885	1,750
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	1,185	605	575
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	8,275	3,770	4,510
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	2,370	1,000	1,370
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	13.9	13.2	14.6
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	18.5	18.7	18.3
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	18.8	19.0	18.5
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	13.1	12.3	13.8
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	12.0	10.4	13.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	7,060	3,510	3,555
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	1,630	825	800
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	495	260	230
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	5,035	2,480	2,560
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	395	205	190
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	6.9	7.0	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	8.3	8.2	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	7.9	8.2	7.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	8.0	8.1	7.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.0	2.1	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	105,920	52,075	53,840
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	105,530	51,890	53,640
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	105,495	51,890	53,605
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	6,800	3,140	3,655
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	11,600	5,285	6,315
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	615	290	325
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	10	10	0
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	10	10	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	500	230	265
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	445	210	235
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	35	15	20
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	65	35	35
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	35	20	20
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	20	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	11,000	4,995	6,000
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	180	100	75
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	0	0	0
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	180	105	75
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	0	0	0
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	165	100	70
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	10	0	10
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	10	0	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	280	120	160
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	10	10	10
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	270	110	160
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	775	280	500
Bikol	580	260	325	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	45	10	40
Fijian	50	20	30	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	15	0	10
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	60	20	40
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	45	15	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	200	255	15	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	685	240	440
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	10	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	0	0	0
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	30	10	20
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	20	10	15
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	95	45	55
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	0	0	0
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	45	25	20
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	35	15	20
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	25	10	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	7,920	3,730	4,190
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	15	15	10
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	0	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	990	475	515
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	25	15	10
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	15	10	0
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	15	0	0
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	965	460	505
Belarusan	945	495	450	0	0	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	10	0	0
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	25	15	10
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	80	35	45
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	160	95	70
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	15	10	10
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	265	135	130
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	255	90	165
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	10	0	0
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	35	25	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	10	0	0
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	130	65	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	0	0	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	35	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	30	20	10
Welsh	235	115	125	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	0	0	10
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	3,055	1,435	1,615
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	150	70	80
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	170	75	95
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	895	400	500
Frisian	195	75	115	10	10	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	1,765	875	885
Icelandic	130	55	75	10	10	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	40	30	15
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	130	55	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	15	0	10
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	60	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	1,530	760	770
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	1,395	700	695
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	10	10	0
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	10	10	10
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	320	170	150
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	10	0	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	0	0	0
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	15	15	0
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	1,115	540	575
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	20	10	15
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	120	60	60
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	145	70	75
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	0	0	0
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	140	65	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	2,595	1,170	1,430
Catalan	315	165	150	10	0	10
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	365	155	210
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	290	120	170
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	60	35	25
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	2,000	895	1,105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	10	10	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	215	60	155
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	210	100	110
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	75	40	35
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	0	0	0
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	0	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	10	0	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	0	0	10
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	0	0	0
Shona	1,175	515	655	15	10	0
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	55	25	35
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	20	0	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	10	0	10
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	10	0	10
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	195	60	130
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	80	10	70
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	115	50	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	850	380	470
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	850	380	470
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	265	110	155
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	0	0	0
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	605	270	335
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	50	20	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	55	30	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	0	0	0
Burmese	1,325	600	720	0	0	0
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	75	15	60
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	10	0	10
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	65	15	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	85	35	45
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	25	15	10
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	75	35	45
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	0	0	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	230	105	125
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	10	0	10
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	90	35	55
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	130	70	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	15	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	105,915	52,075	53,845
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	102,040	50,300	51,740
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	20,310	10,480	9,830
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	81,730	39,820	41,905
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	3,875	1,775	2,105
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	105,915	52,075	53,845
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	91,870	45,575	46,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	13,325	6,145	7,175
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	7,295	3,465	3,835
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	1,425	625	800
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	1,275	560	715
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	1,950	795	1,150
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	820	335	485
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	1,130	460	665
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	1,375	705	670
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	730	355	375
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	13,325	6,145	7,180
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	1,870	935	935
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	2,780	1,320	1,460
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	3,135	1,450	1,685
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	4,660	2,045	2,610
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	880	395	485
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	13,325	6,145	7,180
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	2,075	910	1,170
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	35	10	25
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	40	10	30
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	25	10	15
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	10	10	0
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	10	0	10
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	60	30	30
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	175	80	100
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	35	20	20
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	55	35	25
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,380	595	780
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	250	115	135
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	7,575	3,635	3,935
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	25	15	10
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	55	25	25
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	115	45	70
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	865	435	430
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	40	25	20
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	95	40	50
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	100	50	50
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	170	85	80
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	735	360	380
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	195	70	125
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	120	50	65
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	60	35	30
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	100	55	45
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	10	0	10
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	60	30	35
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	4,150	2,015	2,135
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	670	290	380
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	460	200	255
Algeria	1,240	650	595	0	0	0
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	15	10	0
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	10	10	0
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	40	20	25
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	20	15	10
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	15	10	10
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	230	80	150
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	130	60	70
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	2,855	1,210	1,645
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	0	0	0
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	320	115	200
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	95	35	65
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	730	355	375
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	95	50	45
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	10	0	0
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	55	15	40
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	165	90	85
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	10	10	10
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	100	45	60
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	610	220	390
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	25	10	15
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	65	35	30
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	65	25	45
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	190	85	105
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	305	120	180
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	365	190	175
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	1,370	705	670
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	245	120	125
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	0	0	0
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	10	0	10
Cuba	1,200	535	660	10	0	10
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	10	0	0
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	40	20	25
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	145	70	70
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	35	25	10
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	325	175	145
France	1,400	675	725	25	0	20
Germany	915	490	420	25	10	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	0	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	20	15	0
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	10	0	0
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	10	0	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	195	115	80
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	50	30	20
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	95	50	40
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	10	10	0
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	0	0	0
Morocco	365	145	220	10	10	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	0	0	0
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	40	20	20
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	35	15	25
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	680	335	340
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	0	0	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	70	35	30
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	10	10	10
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	100	60	40
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	15	10	0
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	0	0	0
Israel	1,665	880	785	0	0	0
Japan	965	265	700	25	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	45	15	30
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	0	0	0
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	0	0	0
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	45	25	25
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	255	120	130
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	50	20	30
Taiwan	760	300	460	10	0	10
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	0	0	0
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	30	20	15
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	35	15	15
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	35	20	15
Australia	1,005	615	390	20	15	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	15	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	105,920	52,075	53,845
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	14,905	6,910	7,990
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	20,760	10,275	10,480
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	70,260	34,890	35,370
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	6,245	2,775	3,470
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	3,235	1,515	1,715
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	1,285	735	550
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	1,950	785	1,170
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	2,515	955	1,565
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	460	280	175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	40	20	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	105,915	52,075	53,845
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	10,160	5,035	5,125
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	9,905	4,915	4,990
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	7,105	3,565	3,545
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	2,755	1,310	1,440
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	45	35	15
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	160	90	75
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	95	35	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	95,755	47,040	48,715
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	105,920	52,075	53,845
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	6,120	2,980	3,140
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	99,795	49,095	50,705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	105,915	52,075	53,840
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	4,560	2,280	2,280
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	4,530	2,265	2,260
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	4,250	2,120	2,125
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	265	130	130
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	15	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	6,885	3,325	3,565
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	6,485	3,135	3,350
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	4,100	2,050	2,050
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	2,330	1,040	1,290
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	50	40	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	405	190	210
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	405	190	215
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	94,470	46,470	48,000
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	105,915	52,075	53,845
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	7,105	3,330	3,775
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	2,160	1,115	1,045
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	1,380	615	770
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	510	260	255
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	935	365	570
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	520	220	305
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	150	90	60
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	505	215	295
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	100	45	55
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	215	105	110
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	325	145	175
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	100	50	45
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	210	105	100
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	98,810	48,745	50,070
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	105,915	52,075	53,845
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	11,450	5,605	5,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	8,780	4,380	4,405
Inuit	1,360	645	710	70	55	10
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	3,030	1,375	1,655
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	31,485	15,825	15,660
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	100	35	65
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	2,090	1,070	1,020
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	29,870	15,045	14,825
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	80	50	25
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	0	0	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	10	0	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	100	35	65
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	15	10	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	83,195	40,480	42,715
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	64,075	31,030	33,045
Channel Islander	445	235	210	25	20	10
Cornish	205	105	95	15	10	10
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	42,090	20,040	22,050
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	20,105	9,240	10,865
Manx	815	475	345	60	35	25
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	29,215	13,970	15,245
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	3,840	1,820	2,020
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	3,955	1,810	2,140
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	11,605	5,485	6,125
Alsatian	355	140	215	0	0	0
Breton	60	35	20	10	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	11,605	5,480	6,125
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	22,150	10,865	11,285
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	1,085	565	525
Bavarian	155	65	85	10	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	715	340	370
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	6,405	3,075	3,335
Flemish	910	430	475	80	40	45
Frisian	400	230	165	30	15	15
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	15,185	7,485	7,700
Luxembourger	305	145	155	0	10	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	680	335	340
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	25	15	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	10,660	4,910	5,750
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	2,145	975	1,165
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	1,025	470	555
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	970	510	455
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	3,980	1,780	2,200
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	3,200	1,480	1,720
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	430	205	225
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	12,695	6,070	6,615
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	50	30	25
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	55	25	25
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	565	255	310
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	270	135	135
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	85	35	50
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,190	570	615
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	135	60	75
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	170	80	85
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	30	0	20
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	3,645	1,845	1,805
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	565	295	270
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	2,090	965	1,130
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	185	80	100
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	5,665	2,590	3,075
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	70	30	35
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	6,185	2,915	3,265
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	25	15	0
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	10	10	10
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	370	210	160
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	0	0	0
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	350	160	185
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	3,345	1,595	1,750
Kosovar	485	255	225	0	0	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	35	10	25
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	70	30	35
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	0	0	0
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	815	365	455
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	155	80	75
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	40	15	30
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	65	30	30
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	1,085	490	590
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	120	70	55
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	10	10	0
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	625	305	320
Basque	815	400	415	10	0	0
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	305	155	150
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	30	10	20
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	275	135	140
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	475	235	245
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	0	0	0
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	25	15	10
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	10	0	10
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	40	10	30
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	30	20	10
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	0	0	10
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	210	110	105
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	0	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	30	20	15
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	65	35	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	75	30	45
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	30	20	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	1,050	470	580
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	75	45	30
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	0	0	10
Belizean	355	170	185	15	0	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	0	0	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	85	25	60
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	90	25	65
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	100	40	60
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	30	20	0
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	0	0	0
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	10	0	10
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	45	15	30
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	0	10	0
Honduran	1,750	810	940	30	10	20
Maya	1,135	555	575	15	10	10
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	455	200	260
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	45	25	15
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	15	15	0
Paraguayan	305	140	160	0	10	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	35	25	10
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	45	15	25
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	0	0	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	15	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	35	25	10
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	855	405	450
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	90	40	50
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	10	0	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	10	0	10
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	10	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	0	0	0
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	0	10	0
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	15	0	10
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	0	0	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	10	0	10
Liberian	335	140	200	10	10	0
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	20	10	10
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	10	0	10
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	15	10	10
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	95	60	35
Algerian	1,700	835	870	15	0	10
Berber	680	365	315	0	0	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	0	0	0
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	35	25	10
Libyan	1,275	685	600	0	0	0
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	10
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	40	25	10
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	0	0	0
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	335	110	225
Afrikaner	340	175	170	10	10	0
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	0	0	0
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	10	10	0
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	40	0	35
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	0	0	10
Oromo	830	370	460	0	0	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	0	0	0
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	0	0	0
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	250	70	180
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	0	0	0
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	0	0	0
Zambian	385	195	190	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	30	20	10
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	10	0	10
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	345	200	150
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	40	30	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	305	170	135
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	6,840	3,195	3,640
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	670	330	340
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	15	0	10
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	40	15	30
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	20	15	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	10	0	10
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	180	80	100
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	10	10	0
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	35	25	10
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	10	0	10
Kazakh	975	445	530	0	0	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	145	80	65
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	10	0	0
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	10	0	0
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	100	55	40
Tajik	1,425	670	755	0	0	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	0	0	0
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	75	30	50
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	25	10	15
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	2,300	1,200	1,100
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	10	10	0
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	10	0	0
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	2,035	1,060	980
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	35	20	15
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	0	0	0
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	0	0	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	25	20	0
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	75	15	55
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	100	65	35
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	30	10	20
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	20	20	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	3,855	1,670	2,190
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	15	10	15
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	1,725	795	930
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	1,045	410	630
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	135	35	100
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	420	195	225
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	215	105	105
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	10	0	10
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	65	10	50
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	25	10	10
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	0	0	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	45	20	25
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	90	20	70
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	0	0	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	335	150	190
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	0	0	10
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	40	20	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	40	20	20
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	715	355	365
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	365	160	200
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	175	115	60
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	190	85	105
Fijian	1,185	495	690	25	15	10
Hawaiian	225	115	115	135	50	80
Maori	200	105	90	15	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	0	0	0
Samoan	90	45	50	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	44,600	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	33,235	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	11,235	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	44,600	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	5,225	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	39,380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	44,600	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	160	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	4,480	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	11,790	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	16,405	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	11,770	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	44,605	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	10,305	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	7,280	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	7,015	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	5,910	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	14,095	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	44,600	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	44,190	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	44,600	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	43,175	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	1,430	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	44,600	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	5,640	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	11,610	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	5,860	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	7,985	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	3,190	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	6,130	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	4,180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	44,600	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	41,815	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	2,785	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	44,605	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	24,710	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	18,720	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	1,170	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	44,600	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	940	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	5,365	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	6,640	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	8,805	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	9,930	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	7,685	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	3,800	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	1,435	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	43,210	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	32,710	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	10,505	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	9,225	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	32,210	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	62.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	18.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,158	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,268	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	400,844	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	450,982	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	11,045	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	9.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	42.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,002	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,063	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	88,790	43,265	45,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	14,910	7,960	6,950
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	27,075	13,090	13,980
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	46,805	22,205	24,595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	10,200	7,695	2,505
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	3,945	2,315	1,630
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	6,260	5,380	875
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	18,695	6,835	11,855
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	3,085	1,100	1,985
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	14,825	6,575	8,245
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	9,615	4,015	5,600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	1,245	535	705
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	415	240	175
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	3,080	1,480	1,605
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	465	305	165
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	57,745	27,820	29,935
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	6,305	3,700	2,610
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	17,255	8,580	8,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	34,190	15,535	18,645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	7,065	5,360	1,705
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	2,605	1,545	1,065
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	4,455	3,815	645
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	14,140	5,080	9,055
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	2,175	775	1,405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	10,810	4,320	6,490
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	7,270	2,850	4,420
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	900	325	575
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	295	135	160
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	2,120	905	1,215
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	220	105	120
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	88,790	43,265	45,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	41,985	21,055	20,930
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	3,390	935	2,450
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	3,390	940	2,450
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	1,515	605	915
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	280	220	55
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	1,240	385	860
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	2,000	845	1,155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	220	55	165
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	530	155	375
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	505	205	300
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	125	75	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	250	165	80
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	275	165	115
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	80	20	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	4,880	1,615	3,265
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	90	40	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	395	180	210
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	985	60	930
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	800	200	600
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	80	25	50
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	925	275	655
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	1,605	830	770
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	8,120	2,650	5,470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	775	190	580
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	7,335	2,455	4,880
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	1,370	735	640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	625	290	335
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	255	120	135
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	385	285	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	105	35	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	1,260	830	430
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	1,050	710	340
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	55	15	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	145	90	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	10	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	10,645	9,970	675
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	210	125	90
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	1,075	945	135
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	1,890	1,635	255
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	3,155	3,065	85
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	2,745	2,695	55
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	1,565	1,510	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	1,380	910	465
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	750	475	280
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	625	435	190
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	8,820	1,360	7,460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	445	195	250
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	8,265	1,100	7,165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	110	70	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	3,415	1,750	1,665
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	2,085	675	1,410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	20	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	85	70	10
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	465	310	160
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	765	680	85
Other	335	95	235	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	57,745	27,820	29,930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	23,560	12,280	11,285
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	2,060	440	1,620
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	2,055	440	1,615
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	1,095	395	700
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	155	115	35
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	940	275	665
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	1,340	585	755
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	150	30	115
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	350	105	250
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	390	175	215
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	75	60	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	135	90	50
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	180	110	75
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	55	10	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	3,755	1,100	2,655
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	60	20	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	315	135	180
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	800	40	760
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	635	115	515
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	75	25	45
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	645	180	465
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	1,225	575	650
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	6,140	1,945	4,205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	575	105	465
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	5,560	1,830	3,730
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	970	430	540
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	480	190	295
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	205	85	125
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	220	155	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	55	10	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	1,020	665	355
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	915	620	295
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	35	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	55	25	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	7,650	7,085	565
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	175	90	85
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	730	630	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	1,345	1,130	215
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	2,450	2,370	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	1,860	1,825	40
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	1,085	1,040	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	985	610	375
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	525	320	210
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	460	290	165
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	6,645	1,025	5,620
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	335	125	210
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	6,235	860	5,375
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	75	35	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	2,525	1,265	1,260
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	1,615	560	1,050
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	55	45	10
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	340	210	125
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	500	425	75
Other	285	80	205	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	88,790	43,265	45,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	41,985	21,055	20,930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	46,805	22,205	24,595
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	41,245	19,510	21,740
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	30,630	14,055	16,575
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	10,615	5,450	5,165
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	5,555	2,705	2,855
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	1,380	700	680
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	360	125	240
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	285	145	135
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	1,620	820	800
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	105	35	70
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	45	20	30
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	1,765	865	895
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	57,750	27,815	29,930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	23,560	12,280	11,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	34,190	15,535	18,645
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	30,895	14,065	16,830
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	23,815	10,550	13,260
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	7,085	3,520	3,565
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	3,290	1,465	1,815
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	810	380	440
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	340	115	225
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	200	95	105
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	675	320	360
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	100	35	65
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	35	20	15
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	1,125	515	615
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	88,790	43,265	45,530
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	55,760	28,495	27,260
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	52,115	26,475	25,640
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	3,645	2,025	1,625
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	33,030	14,765	18,265
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	62.8	65.9	59.9
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	58.7	61.2	56.3
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	6.5	7.1	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	88,790	43,265	45,525
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	30,585	13,430	17,160
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	58,200	29,835	28,370
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	28,140	15,820	12,315
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	30,060	14,010	16,050
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.6	42.8	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	55,760	28,495	27,260
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	1,055	500	555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	54,705	27,995	26,705
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	46,510	23,200	23,315
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	8,190	4,800	3,400
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	55,760	28,495	27,260
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	1,055	505	550
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	54,705	28,000	26,710
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	6,185	3,680	2,510
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	7,950	1,825	6,125
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	3,085	2,415	665
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	4,095	735	3,360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	6,380	2,190	4,185
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	1,495	620	880
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	13,065	5,125	7,935
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	9,200	8,720	475
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	1,760	1,425	335
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	1,490	1,250	240
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	55,760	28,495	27,260
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	1,055	505	555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	54,705	27,995	26,710
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,805	1,295	510
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	370	330	40
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	205	165	35
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	5,420	4,835	585
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	3,175	2,560	610
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	1,230	920	310
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	7,165	3,160	3,995
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	1,920	1,460	455
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	815	485	330
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	1,795	540	1,260
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	925	500	425
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	3,130	1,570	1,565
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	55	25	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	2,500	1,475	1,025
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	3,455	1,000	2,460
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	7,170	1,300	5,870
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	1,295	580	705
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	4,260	1,800	2,460
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	2,585	1,045	1,540
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	5,435	2,940	2,495
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	52,115	26,475	25,635
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	4,725	2,125	2,595
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	145	105	45
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	7,895	6,125	1,770
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	39,350	18,120	21,230
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	39,350	18,120	21,230
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	10,765	4,825	5,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	22,545	9,855	12,685
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	5,685	3,145	2,545
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	360	300	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	47,245	24,245	23,005
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	38,555	19,995	18,560
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	2,640	1,260	1,380
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	1,875	710	1,165
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	2,340	1,025	1,315
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	835	595	245
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,000	665	335
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	47,250	24,245	23,000
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	14,165	6,295	7,870
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	13,965	7,135	6,830
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	9,475	5,350	4,125
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	5,080	2,730	2,355
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	4,555	2,740	1,820
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	47,245	24,245	23,000
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	3,390	2,455	935
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	10,610	6,580	4,025
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	12,225	6,190	6,035
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	9,245	3,475	5,765
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	4,995	1,865	3,125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	6,785	3,675	3,110
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	59,985	30,630	29,355
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	59,805	30,550	29,250
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	59,705	30,505	29,200
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	59,595	30,490	29,105
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	105	10	95
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	105	55	55
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	100	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	0	10	0
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	20	10	10
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	10	0	10
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	10	0	10
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	10	10	10
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	0	0	10
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	0	0	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	0	0	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	20	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	20	15	10
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	25	15	0
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	10	0	0
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	10	10	0
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	10	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	175	75	105
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	75	30	45
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	90	45	50
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	15	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	59,985	30,630	29,355
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	58,675	30,060	28,615
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	135	30	110
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	545	300	240
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	595	220	375
Aboriginal	155	50	105	115	40	80
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	480	180	300
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	0	0	0
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	30	25	15
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	104,925	51,545	53,375
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	89,335	43,935	45,400
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	15,590	7,615	7,975
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	7,940	3,915	4,020
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	7,655	3,695	3,955
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	6,995	3,325	3,665
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	5,260	2,490	2,770
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	1,730	830	895
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	660	370	290
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	100,455	49,300	51,160
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	58,780	29,125	29,655
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	41,685	20,175	21,510
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	20,705	10,125	10,585
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	20,975	10,050	10,925
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	19,015	9,055	9,960
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	13,775	6,565	7,205
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	5,240	2,490	2,750
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	1,960	990	960