Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Surrey Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Surrey Centre British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Surrey Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	120,172	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	111,486	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	44,202	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	41,054	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	2,978.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	40.34	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	120,170	60,975	59,200
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	20,115	10,435	9,680
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	6,645	3,365	3,285
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	6,860	3,575	3,285
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	6,610	3,500	3,115
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	85,135	43,445	41,685
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	7,500	3,995	3,510
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	9,340	4,895	4,450
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	9,635	4,915	4,720
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	9,570	4,795	4,775
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	8,395	4,215	4,175
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	8,010	3,915	4,095
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	8,390	4,265	4,125
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	9,090	4,650	4,440
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	8,380	4,310	4,075
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	6,820	3,495	3,325
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	14,920	7,090	7,835
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	5,430	2,725	2,705
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	3,635	1,735	1,900
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	2,570	1,215	1,350
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	1,760	810	950
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	1,530	600	930
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	940	435	505
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	415	125	290
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	140	30	110
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	30	10	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	16.7	17.1	16.4
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	70.8	71.3	70.4
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	12.4	11.6	13.2
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.3	1.0	1.6
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	38.4	37.9	38.9
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	37.2	36.6	37.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	41,055	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	9,030	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	5,355	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	26,560	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	545	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	2,730	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	10,425	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	12,825	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	41,050	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	10,635	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	10,985	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	6,370	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	6,000	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	7,070	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	118,465	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	100,060	50,540	49,520
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	54,130	27,110	27,015
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	47,670	23,880	23,800
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	6,455	3,235	3,215
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	45,930	23,425	22,505
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	31,980	18,240	13,740
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	3,050	1,360	1,690
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	6,115	2,795	3,325
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	4,780	1,025	3,755
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	31,675	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	13,830	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	7,260	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	7,120	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	3,465	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	31,675	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	25,810	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	22,580	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	3,230	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	5,865	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	4,670	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	1,195	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	25,810	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	10,240	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	15,570	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	5,710	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	6,615	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	3,240	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	5,865	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	3,590	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	1,545	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	730	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	22,010	12,010	9,995
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	41,055	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	24,625	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	7,360	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	17,260	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	3,290	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	13,140	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	10,635	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	2,505	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	118,785	60,190	58,600
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	104,695	53,990	50,705
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	95	65	30
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	4,520	2,190	2,340
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	9,475	3,950	5,525
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	118,790	60,190	58,595
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	107,785	55,435	52,350
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	920	510	410
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	730	350	380
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	9,350	3,890	5,460
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	1,285	690	600
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.1	1.1	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	118,785	60,190	58,595
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	113,140	57,395	55,745
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	49,855	26,345	23,510
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	48,995	25,865	23,130
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	860	480	375
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	63,285	31,050	32,240
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	50	15	35
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	25	10	20
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	20	5	15
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	15	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	5	0	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	63,235	31,030	32,205
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	3,630	1,925	1,705
Berber languages	220	130	90	5	0	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	185	90	100
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	5	5	5
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	175	85	90
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	3,435	1,835	1,605
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	150	75	70
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	2,535	1,350	1,185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	285	145	140
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	315	180	135
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	15	10	5
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	0	0	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	80	50	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	60	30	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	2,270	1,055	1,210
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	245	115	130
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	2,025	940	1,085
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	7,570	3,320	4,255
Bikol	470	210	260	15	10	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	345	145	200
Fijian	55	25	25	110	60	50
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	100	45	55
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	470	200	270
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	180	85	100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	55	25	30
Pangasinan	450	185	270	30	15	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	6,165	2,690	3,475
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	85	40	45
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	105	55	50
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	50	30	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	50	25	25
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	445	240	205
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	5	0	5
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	205	110	95
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	190	105	85
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	45	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	40,050	20,050	20,005
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	100	55	40
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	20	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	2,210	1,120	1,095
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	10	5	5
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	0	0	0
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	5	5	5
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	2,200	1,115	1,085
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	0	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	50	25	25
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	30	15	20
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	170	95	80
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	120	60	60
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	5	0	0
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	800	420	375
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	590	275	315
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	145	85	60
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	20	10	15
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	80	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	10	10	5
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	170	75	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	5	5	0
Celtic languages	460	210	250	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	5	5	0
Welsh	150	65	85	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	1,015	485	525
Afrikaans	985	475	510	20	10	10
Danish	1,570	710	855	75	40	35
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	200	95	105
Frisian	135	60	75	5	0	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	645	305	345
Icelandic	85	40	45	10	5	5
Norwegian	380	170	210	30	20	15
Swedish	1,140	485	660	30	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	5	0	0
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	120	70	55
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	33,510	16,755	16,750
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	32,355	16,140	16,215
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	315	170	150
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	315	165	150
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	4,490	2,160	2,335
Kashmiri	275	140	140	0	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	15	5	10
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	25	15	5
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	210	105	105
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	25,865	12,945	12,920
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	35	20	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	165	80	80
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	920	470	450
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,100	590	510
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	75	45	30
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	150	80	75
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	875	460	410
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	55	30	20
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	3,070	1,545	1,520
Catalan	165	90	75	10	5	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	200	120	80
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	380	185	200
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	165	85	85
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	2,310	1,155	1,155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	0	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	235	70	160
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	1,495	725	765
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	5	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	420	220	200
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	55	35	25
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	30	20	5
Ewe	370	185	190	10	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	0	0
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	0
Ganda	515	245	270	5	5	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	15	10	5
Lingala	375	175	200	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	35	10	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	15	5	10
Shona	680	325	355	5	0	5
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	95	50	45
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	40	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	100	45	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	65	30	35
Dinka	45	25	15	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	60	25	40
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	45	30	20
American Sign Language	470	250	220	15	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	35	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	6,175	2,940	3,235
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	5,610	2,645	2,965
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	1,830	885	940
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	50	20	25
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	3,155	1,460	1,695
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	220	105	120
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	55	30	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	300	145	155
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	570	295	275
Burmese	1,005	450	555	230	130	100
Karenic languages	265	125	140	280	135	145
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	45	20	20
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	215	100	115
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	135	70	65
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	80	30	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	5	0	5
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	145	85	65
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	15	10	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	65	45	25
Uyghur	385	195	195	45	20	25
Uzbek	595	300	295	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	20	10	10
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	295	150	145
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	5	0	5
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	55	30	30
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	230	120	110
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	55	30	25
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	5,645	2,800	2,850
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	190	110	80
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	5,300	2,610	2,690
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	100	50	50
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	65	35	30
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	118,785	60,190	58,600
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	104,340	53,035	51,305
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	62,180	32,345	29,830
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	61,890	32,180	29,710
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	285	160	125
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	42,170	20,695	21,475
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	42,165	20,695	21,470
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	2,695	1,395	1,305
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	100	40	55
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	0	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	95	40	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	5	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	2,595	1,350	1,245
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	60	30	30
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	2,000	1,030	965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	200	105	95
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	245	135	105
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	5	5	5
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	40	20	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	45	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	1,580	735	845
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	170	85	85
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	1,405	650	755
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	3,765	1,735	2,035
Bikol	85	35	45	5	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	145	65	75
Fijian	10	10	5	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	35	15	20
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	170	75	95
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	60	30	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	5	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	3,275	1,505	1,770
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	5	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	20	10	10
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	60	35	25
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	30	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	25	10	10
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	230	125	105
Kannada	830	415	410	0	0	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	100	50	55
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	110	65	45
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	15	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	27,235	13,540	13,695
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	60	30	30
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,050	530	515
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	0	0	0
Latvian	600	245	355	0	0	0
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	0	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,050	535	520
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	30	15	15
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	10	5	5
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	50	25	30
Czech	1,415	685	730	40	20	20
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	0	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	350	185	170
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	365	180	185
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	60	35	25
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	5	5	5
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	30	20	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	5	5	0
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	85	45	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	85	35	50
Afrikaans	265	125	145	5	0	0
Danish	135	65	75	5	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	15	0	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	60	30	35
Icelandic	20	5	15	5	5	5
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	60	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	24,365	12,085	12,280
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	23,580	11,685	11,890
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	185	95	95
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	180	90	90
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	2,555	1,220	1,330
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	5	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	10	5	5
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	120	60	65
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	19,820	9,855	9,965
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	70	40	30
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	620	315	310
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	720	365	355
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	40	25	15
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	85	40	50
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	590	300	290
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	70	40	35
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,605	815	785
Catalan	80	40	45	5	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	45	25	20
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	160	85	75
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	90	45	50
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,305	660	645
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	95	35	60
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	1,255	605	650
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	5	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	10	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	165	70	90
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	25	15	10
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	10	5	5
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	5	0	5
Lingala	95	40	55	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	20	5	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	20	10	10
Shona	235	115	125	5	5	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	50	15	35
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	25	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	35	15	20
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	35	15	20
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	50	25	30
American Sign Language	720	375	345	15	5	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	35	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	4,680	2,225	2,455
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	4,200	1,975	2,225
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	1,295	610	690
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	20	10	10
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	2,565	1,200	1,360
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	95	45	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	205	100	100
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	475	245	230
Burmese	575	260	310	195	110	80
Karenic languages	215	105	110	260	125	135
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	135	65	65
Lao	1,050	505	540	90	50	45
Thai	575	255	320	45	20	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	65	40	25
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	0	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	40	25	15
Uyghur	225	120	105	15	10	5
Uzbek	315	165	145	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	5	0	5
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	85	40	50
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	10	5	5
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	75	35	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	25	10	15
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	14,445	7,155	7,290
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	145	65	80
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	14,130	6,995	7,135
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	35	20	15
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	135	70	60
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	118,785	60,190	58,595
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	88,970	45,275	43,695
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	15,025	7,565	7,460
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	575	285	285
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	13,740	6,815	6,930
Aboriginal	480	205	275	40	15	25
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	13,705	6,800	6,900
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	55	30	25
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	310	160	155
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	100	55	45
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	98,365	49,620	48,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	93,225	47,195	46,035
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	25,359	30,351	21,603
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	93,345	47,305	46,040
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	23,808	27,192	20,973
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	77,660	40,810	36,850
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	26,746	32,205	21,630
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	71,500	32,975	38,530
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	2,814	1,218	4,281
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	69,605	37,215	32,390
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	28,523	33,526	23,582
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	98,310	49,610	48,695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	93,240	47,190	46,045
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	31,716	36,090	27,233
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	93,375	47,330	46,045
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	27,769	30,839	24,614
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	77,565	40,705	36,855
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	32,445	37,326	27,053
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	71,645	33,090	38,555
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,151	5,555	6,662
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	69,550	37,145	32,405
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	33,352	37,817	28,233
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	98,310	49,610	48,700
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	27,370	16,000	11,370
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	43,692	47,124	39,866
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	47,508	51,059	42,512
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	85.1	89.3	79.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	78.6	82.9	72.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	14.9	10.7	20.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	98,360	49,620	48,745
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	5,135	2,425	2,715
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	93,225	47,190	46,035
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	94.8	95.1	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	17,785	7,890	9,895
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	20,915	9,155	11,755
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	13,945	6,335	7,610
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	11,875	5,965	5,910
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	9,770	5,250	4,520
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	6,715	3,945	2,775
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	4,430	2,955	1,470
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	2,825	1,970	855
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	1,785	1,300	480
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	1,160	805	355
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	2,030	1,620	410
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	1,680	1,320	360
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	350	300	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	98,360	49,620	48,740
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	5,015	2,310	2,700
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	93,345	47,305	46,045
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	94.9	95.3	94.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	18,175	8,205	9,975
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	21,780	9,675	12,105
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	16,780	7,940	8,840
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	13,710	7,075	6,630
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	9,975	5,560	4,415
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	5,790	3,710	2,085
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	3,215	2,270	950
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	1,775	1,210	565
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	2,140	1,665	475
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	955	700	260
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	465	375	95
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	725	595	125
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	98,360	49,620	48,745
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	28,755	12,400	16,360
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	69,600	37,215	32,385
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	70.8	75.0	66.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	8,720	4,075	4,645
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	6,030	2,620	3,415
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	11,505	5,315	6,190
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	10,020	4,825	5,195
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	9,300	4,920	4,380
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	8,060	4,465	3,600
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	5,565	3,455	2,115
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	3,815	2,655	1,160
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	2,375	1,685	690
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	4,200	3,210	995
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	1,570	1,145	430
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	980	710	270
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	1,650	1,350	300
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	41,055	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	61,620	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	54,886	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	10,635	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	31,991	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	28,798	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	30,420	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	75,147	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	67,113	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	41,045	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	72,046	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	63,175	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	10,625	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	38,063	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	32,841	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	30,420	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	83,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	73,775	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	41,055	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	1,135	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	660	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	1,560	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	1,875	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	1,720	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	1,835	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	1,830	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	1,860	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	1,935	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	1,910	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	3,645	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	3,320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	2,930	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	2,725	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	2,210	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	9,900	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	4,165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	2,485	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	2,200	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	41,050	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	1,150	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	665	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	1,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	1,930	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	1,960	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	2,200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	2,225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	2,230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	2,370	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	2,185	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	4,060	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	3,585	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	3,185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	2,530	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	2,125	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	7,090	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	3,525	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	1,800	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	1,765	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	28,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	74,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	66,333	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	7,180	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	64,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	57,098	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	15,310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	88,897	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	79,232	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	4,935	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	47,442	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	43,724	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	28,890	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	82,725	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	72,651	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	7,235	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	70,952	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	61,089	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	15,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	97,161	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	85,569	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	4,990	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	54,912	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	49,194	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	17,165	10,125	7,040
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	26,233	28,143	24,251
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	24,588	25,911	23,345
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	17,080	10,025	7,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	33,208	34,420	31,488
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	28,931	29,706	27,829
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	118,465	60,050	58,420
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	75,115	37,605	37,505
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	17,530	8,980	8,550
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	14,815	7,255	7,560
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	14,555	7,220	7,335
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	14,335	7,130	7,205
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	13,885	7,025	6,855
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	43,355	22,445	20,910
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	12,355	6,245	6,110
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	11,300	5,880	5,420
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	9,320	4,840	4,480
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	6,985	3,655	3,330
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	3,390	1,820	1,565
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	118,470	60,050	58,420
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	24,210	12,610	11,595
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	7,945	4,050	3,900
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	80,200	40,705	39,495
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	14,065	6,735	7,325
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	23,690	11,805	11,885
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	6,490	3,375	3,115
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	2,240	1,130	1,115
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	14,470	7,185	7,290
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	2,725	1,245	1,485
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	20.0	19.7	20.3
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	26.8	26.8	26.9
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	28.2	27.9	28.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	18.0	17.7	18.5
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	19.4	18.5	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	20,250	10,310	9,940
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	5,155	2,670	2,485
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	1,785	900	885
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	13,265	6,820	6,450
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,825	820	1,005
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	17.1	17.2	17.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	21.3	21.2	21.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	22.5	22.2	22.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	16.5	16.8	16.3
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	13.0	12.2	13.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	118,410	60,030	58,385
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	108,925	56,170	52,755
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	108,855	56,120	52,740
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	4,605	2,285	2,325
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	74,925	36,835	38,090
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	45	10	40
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	30	0	25
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	15	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	10	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	15	0	15
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	10
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	10
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	74,875	36,825	38,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	4,455	2,330	2,125
Berber languages	245	135	110	25	0	15
Kabyle	80	40	40	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	195	95	100
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	190	95	90
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	10	0	10
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	4,275	2,230	2,040
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	235	125	110
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	3,630	1,905	1,730
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	350	165	190
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	380	190	190
Harari	1,250	635	620	10	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	95	50	40
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	30	10	15
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	140	90	50
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	160	85	75
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	2,695	1,295	1,400
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	325	160	165
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	2,400	1,145	1,260
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	9,335	4,110	5,225
Bikol	580	260	325	20	10	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	500	175	325
Fijian	50	20	30	290	165	130
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	175	90	85
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	460	175	280
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	315	135	180
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	50	30	25
Pangasinan	450	200	255	20	15	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	8,420	3,680	4,740
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	60	40	20
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	150	85	65
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	180	95	85
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	110	60	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	80	40	35
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	695	380	310
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	30	15	15
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	350	185	170
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	305	170	130
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	55	40	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	48,025	24,185	23,840
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	165	100	60
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	45	35	10
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	2,475	1,265	1,215
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	0	0	0
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	0	0	0
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	0	0	0
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	2,475	1,265	1,215
Belarusan	945	495	450	0	0	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	90	40	50
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	45	15	30
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	245	125	120
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	100	50	50
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	0	0	0
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	910	485	425
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	745	380	365
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	155	85	70
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	30	10	20
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	90	65	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	10	10	10
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	295	120	170
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	0	0	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	10	0	10
Welsh	235	115	125	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	1,275	655	620
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	60	25	30
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	60	35	25
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	205	100	110
Frisian	195	75	115	10	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	895	460	430
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	35	20	20
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	65	45	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	0	0	0
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	215	110	105
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	39,995	20,085	19,915
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	38,725	19,435	19,295
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	395	185	210
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	455	250	205
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	11,220	5,640	5,580
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	10	10	10
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	55	40	15
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	200	90	110
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	30,780	15,545	15,245
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	45	35	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	230	110	120
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	1,595	805	790
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,325	690	640
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	135	80	50
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	190	100	90
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,135	585	555
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	95	50	50
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	4,295	2,175	2,120
Catalan	315	165	150	0	0	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	365	220	145
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	500	235	270
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	175	95	85
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	3,370	1,680	1,690
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	10	0	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	420	160	255
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	1,610	780	830
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	580	315	270
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	85	60	30
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	30	15	15
Ewe	520	270	250	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	10	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	0	10	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	25	15	15
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	30	20	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	40	15	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	20	10	20
Shona	1,175	515	655	15	10	0
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	160	95	65
Wolof	415	185	230	10	0	10
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	85	35	50
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	125	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	65	30	30
Dinka	85	65	25	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	50	20	30
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	150	50	100
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	85	15	70
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	75	30	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	7,260	3,405	3,855
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	6,575	3,045	3,535
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	2,540	1,185	1,360
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	75	35	40
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	4,435	2,000	2,435
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	275	120	155
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	80	45	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	340	140	200
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	715	375	340
Burmese	1,325	600	720	330	195	135
Karenic languages	245	115	135	365	170	195
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	35	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	40	10	30
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	285	120	160
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	165	70	90
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	150	60	95
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	205	115	85
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	15	10	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	145	85	60
Uyghur	490	225	265	25	15	20
Uzbek	815	440	375	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	15	10	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	390	215	180
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	10	0	10
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	70	30	40
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	310	185	125
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	115	65	50
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	118,415	60,030	58,380
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	97,605	49,675	47,935
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	21,600	11,310	10,290
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	76,010	38,365	37,645
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	20,805	10,355	10,445
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	118,415	60,030	58,385
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	58,230	30,610	27,620
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	57,015	27,610	29,405
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	7,120	3,735	3,390
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	6,945	3,450	3,490
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	13,730	6,600	7,125
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	18,505	8,630	9,875
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	8,115	3,705	4,410
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	10,390	4,930	5,460
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	10,715	5,195	5,525
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	3,165	1,810	1,360
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	57,015	27,610	29,405
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	3,665	1,940	1,725
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	7,730	3,960	3,775
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	14,675	6,950	7,725
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	21,715	10,585	11,135
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	9,225	4,180	5,045
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	57,020	27,610	29,405
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	3,065	1,495	1,575
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	90	40	55
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	175	95	75
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	595	345	250
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	65	35	35
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	15	10	10
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	205	105	100
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	170	55	115
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	95	45	55
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	120	60	55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	695	325	365
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	830	385	450
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	4,710	2,520	2,195
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	165	90	80
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	130	80	45
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	40	10	30
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	370	215	155
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	90	45	50
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	210	140	70
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	35	20	15
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	120	80	50
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	155	80	75
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	730	390	335
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	185	100	90
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	185	95	90
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	235	85	150
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	95	45	50
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	180	105	75
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	1,055	570	480
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	730	375	355
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	1,930	1,035	900
Algeria	1,240	650	595	30	15	0
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	60	35	25
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	215	130	90
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	115	70	45
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	60	25	40
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	225	125	95
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	115	50	65
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	85	40	45
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,030	545	480
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	43,525	20,780	22,745
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	575	290	285
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	275	125	145
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	3,425	1,565	1,855
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	495	220	270
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	19,845	9,755	10,085
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	260	165	95
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	1,825	925	895
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	150	45	105
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	1,205	610	590
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	230	125	105
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	990	460	535
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	8,420	3,685	4,740
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	300	160	140
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	585	280	310
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	565	265	305
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	1,655	775	880
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	2,735	1,325	1,410
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	3,780	1,785	1,995
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	10,715	5,195	5,520
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	345	205	140
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	15	10	10
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	50	35	15
Cuba	1,200	535	660	0	0	0
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	15	10	0
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	55	20	30
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	105	65	40
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	100	60	40
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	305	170	135
France	1,400	675	725	0	0	0
Germany	915	490	420	10	10	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	10	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	0	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	10	0	10
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	35	10	25
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	55	20	30
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	65	50	15
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	125	70	55
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	410	225	180
Algeria	205	95	115	10	10	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	20	15	10
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	15	15	0
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	40	20	20
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	25	20	10
Morocco	365	145	220	10	10	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	60	35	25
Somalia	1,155	555	600	20	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	0	0	10
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	190	85	105
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	9,375	4,460	4,910
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	100	50	50
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	40	10	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	570	250	325
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	25	0	20
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	3,795	1,905	1,890
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	30	15	15
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	950	480	470
Israel	1,665	880	785	10	10	0
Japan	965	265	700	20	0	20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	230	95	135
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	65	30	35
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	30	15	20
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	175	85	90
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	2,070	950	1,115
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	35	0	25
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	50	20	25
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	550	265	285
Taiwan	760	300	460	80	40	35
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	0	0	10
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	25	15	10
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	100	25	75
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	430	195	230
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	285	130	150
Australia	1,005	615	390	15	15	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	265	120	145
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	118,415	60,030	58,385
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	60,720	29,715	31,000
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	30,670	16,140	14,530
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	27,020	14,170	12,850
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	50,760	24,345	26,410
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	17,945	8,710	9,235
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	7,555	4,020	3,540
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	10,385	4,695	5,695
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	23,660	10,720	12,935
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	8,865	4,790	4,070
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	295	125	170
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	118,415	60,030	58,385
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	4,465	2,250	2,215
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	4,370	2,195	2,175
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	2,605	1,265	1,350
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	1,725	915	810
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	35	25	15
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	70	40	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	113,950	57,780	56,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	118,410	60,030	58,385
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	1,675	760	915
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	116,740	59,270	57,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	118,415	60,030	58,380
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	1,085	535	550
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	1,070	525	545
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	825	410	410
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	235	110	125
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	3,480	1,770	1,710
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	3,380	1,730	1,645
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	2,290	1,130	1,155
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	1,070	580	485
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	20	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	100	40	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	100	40	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	113,850	57,725	56,125
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	118,410	60,030	58,385
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	77,915	38,760	39,160
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	41,515	21,040	20,470
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	6,800	3,145	3,660
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	3,225	1,765	1,460
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	10,710	4,895	5,810
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	2,450	1,235	1,215
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	2,960	1,560	1,400
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	4,355	2,235	2,125
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,235	630	610
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	1,600	765	835
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	510	220	290
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	815	410	405
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,740	860	885
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	40,495	21,275	19,220
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	118,410	60,030	58,385
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	4,565	2,305	2,265
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	3,225	1,585	1,640
Inuit	1,360	645	710	30	25	15
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	1,420	740	685
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	15,260	8,065	7,190
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	45	20	25
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	1,035	570	465
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	14,525	7,665	6,860
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	25	25	0
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	0	0	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	0	0	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	25	15	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	15	10	0
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	36,890	19,060	17,830
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	21,460	11,110	10,350
Channel Islander	445	235	210	0	0	0
Cornish	205	105	95	10	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	12,530	6,445	6,085
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	8,165	3,920	4,245
Manx	815	475	345	10	0	0
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	9,260	4,765	4,500
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	1,175	555	625
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	1,415	760	655
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	4,900	2,430	2,470
Alsatian	355	140	215	15	0	10
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	4,885	2,425	2,455
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	9,925	4,980	4,945
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	420	190	235
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	165	100	65
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	2,370	1,115	1,255
Flemish	910	430	475	25	0	30
Frisian	400	230	165	0	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	7,480	3,775	3,700
Luxembourger	305	145	155	0	0	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	260	160	100
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	4,035	2,025	2,010
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	595	315	280
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	465	230	230
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	330	165	165
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	1,605	830	780
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	1,220	610	615
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	205	70	135
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	8,440	4,265	4,175
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	75	20	55
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	45	15	25
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	325	150	175
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	100	50	50
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	25	15	10
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	945	545	400
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	35	35	10
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	45	15	30
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	0	0	0
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	2,600	1,380	1,225
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	545	255	290
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	1,775	805	970
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	155	70	85
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	3,055	1,530	1,530
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	35	20	15
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	6,585	3,220	3,360
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	160	100	60
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	130	50	80
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	435	225	210
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	10	0	10
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	470	235	235
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	2,100	1,065	1,035
Kosovar	485	255	225	0	0	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	10	0	0
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	15	10	10
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	15	10	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	945	435	510
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	230	105	130
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	10	0	10
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	70	35	30
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	2,300	1,075	1,225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	80	50	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	10	0	10
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	415	195	220
Basque	815	400	415	0	0	0
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	195	90	110
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	15	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	15	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	190	95	95
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	990	535	455
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	0	0	0
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	50	25	30
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	10	10	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	35	20	15
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	40	25	10
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	35	10	25
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	470	275	195
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	0	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	10	0	0
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	15	0	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	170	110	65
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	45	20	25
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	55	25	30
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	105	50	55
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	2,735	1,400	1,330
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	85	50	30
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	10	10	0
Belizean	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	0	0	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	150	75	80
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	155	90	65
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	240	145	95
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	50	15	30
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	0	0	0
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	355	170	185
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	35	15	20
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	130	60	75
Honduran	1,750	810	940	115	70	45
Maya	1,135	555	575	105	45	60
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	345	155	190
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	125	60	65
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	0	0	0
Paraguayan	305	140	160	0	0	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	140	65	75
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	775	420	355
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	0	0	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	195	90	105
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	3,235	1,740	1,495
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	730	420	315
Akan	700	395	305	20	10	10
Angolan	1,030	490	535	10	10	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	10	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	0	10	0
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	100	65	30
Edo	935	490	445	10	15	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	10	10	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	160	75	90
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	20	15	10
Ivorian	615	285	330	15	0	10
Liberian	335	140	200	75	30	45
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	290	170	125
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	15	10	15
Togolese	315	205	105	25	20	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	45	35	15
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	510	275	235
Algerian	1,700	835	870	35	20	20
Berber	680	365	315	0	0	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	0	10	0
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	120	70	50
Libyan	1,275	685	600	10	10	0
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	110	55	55
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	230	120	115
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	0	10	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	985	520	470
Afrikaner	340	175	170	0	0	0
Amhara	500	240	260	15	15	10
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	40	15	30
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	170	105	65
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	235	125	110
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	25	20	10
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	55	30	25
Oromo	830	370	460	10	0	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	25	10	20
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	225	125	95
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	75	30	40
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	10	0	0
Tigrian	410	210	200	40	35	15
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	15	0	10
Zambian	385	195	190	0	0	10
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	30	15	10
Zulu	205	100	110	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	75	30	40
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,035	540	495
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	100	45	55
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	945	505	440
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	70,255	34,800	35,450
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	5,405	2,820	2,580
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	905	425	485
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	670	410	265
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	65	45	25
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	160	85	75
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	35	25	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	10	10	0
Hazara	515	280	235	15	10	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	360	210	150
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	1,570	790	775
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	10	10	0
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	10	10	0
Kazakh	975	445	530	10	10	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	140	80	55
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	40	25	15
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	330	185	145
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	320	180	140
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	10	0	10
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	0	0	0
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	605	270	330
Tajik	1,425	670	755	35	15	20
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	35	20	10
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	230	130	100
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	25	10	15
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	30	10	20
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	20	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	300	145	155
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	39,755	20,115	19,640
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	220	110	105
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	115	55	65
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	33,765	17,105	16,665
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	15	0	10
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	45	20	25
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	15	10	10
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	190	95	95
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	1,050	525	530
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	5,225	2,650	2,570
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	40	20	25
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	350	195	160
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	95	55	35
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	770	375	395
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	25,355	11,995	13,370
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	460	250	210
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	485	250	235
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	8,530	3,975	4,550
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	11,250	5,205	6,050
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	385	205	185
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	665	290	375
Karen	265	115	145	385	185	195
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	1,635	790	845
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	235	125	110
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	135	75	60
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	25	10	15
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	35	20	20
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	285	135	145
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	215	115	105
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	45	25	15
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	2,695	1,340	1,355
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	70	35	35
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	170	95	75
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	170	95	80
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	3,340	1,625	1,720
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	135	50	85
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	50	30	20
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	3,155	1,545	1,605
Fijian	1,185	495	690	3,020	1,490	1,530
Hawaiian	225	115	115	20	0	15
Maori	200	105	90	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	40	10	35
Samoan	90	45	50	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	65	30	30
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	41,045	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	22,325	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	18,720	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	41,045	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	12,075	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	28,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	41,045	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	500	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	8,600	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	12,980	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	8,540	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	10,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	41,045	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	19,650	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	5,895	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	3,915	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	3,270	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	8,320	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	41,045	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	37,635	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	3,405	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	41,045	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	35,125	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	5,925	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	41,045	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	4,725	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	13,115	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	6,680	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	6,635	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	2,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	3,900	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	3,575	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	41,045	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	38,320	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	2,720	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	41,045	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	23,700	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	14,315	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	3,030	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	41,045	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	1,585	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	6,530	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	7,970	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	9,600	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	8,390	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	4,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	1,920	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	600	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	41,020	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	27,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	13,805	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	11,725	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	22,325	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	71.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	28.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,361	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	598,608	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	592,468	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	18,725	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	11.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	40.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	914	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	974	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	98,310	49,610	48,700
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	22,395	11,060	11,335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	33,040	17,425	15,615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	42,875	21,125	21,750
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	7,255	5,215	2,040
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	3,390	1,985	1,405
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	3,870	3,230	635
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	15,050	6,330	8,720
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	3,640	1,670	1,975
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	16,925	7,910	9,020
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	11,980	5,475	6,505
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	1,100	540	560
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	355	170	185
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	3,175	1,510	1,665
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	315	215	105
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	67,515	33,970	33,545
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	11,885	6,080	5,810
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	21,010	11,175	9,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	34,625	16,720	17,900
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	5,565	4,010	1,555
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	2,650	1,535	1,115
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	2,920	2,475	440
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	11,890	4,935	6,955
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	2,775	1,210	1,570
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	14,390	6,565	7,825
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	10,010	4,475	5,540
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	910	445	465
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	290	145	145
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	2,890	1,320	1,575
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	280	185	100
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	98,310	49,610	48,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	55,440	28,485	26,950
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	2,035	430	1,600
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	2,035	435	1,605
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	1,410	755	655
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	310	265	45
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	1,095	490	610
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	3,130	1,265	1,865
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	365	90	280
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	505	170	335
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	1,640	695	945
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	25	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	100	75	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	205	115	85
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	275	105	170
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	4,180	1,415	2,765
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	45	20	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	300	115	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	780	60	720
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	635	215	420
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	55	10	35
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	605	180	430
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	1,760	810	955
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	8,370	3,380	4,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	30	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	405	115	290
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	7,935	3,260	4,675
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	1,770	875	895
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	620	275	345
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	610	265	340
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	435	295	140
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	90	40	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	2,210	1,420	795
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	1,795	1,230	570
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	65	10	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	315	160	155
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	25	20	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	9,670	8,795	870
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	200	160	45
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	2,345	1,910	430
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	1,495	1,315	180
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	2,255	2,160	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	2,130	2,065	60
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	1,240	1,185	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	565	340	225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	415	225	190
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	155	115	40
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	7,085	1,375	5,710
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	280	160	120
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	6,760	1,190	5,570
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	50	25	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	2,440	1,075	1,365
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	1,790	560	1,230
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	230	160	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	390	320	65
Other	335	95	235	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	10	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	67,515	33,970	33,550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	32,890	17,250	15,640
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	1,445	285	1,165
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	1,445	285	1,160
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	1,145	605	535
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	245	220	30
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	895	390	510
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	2,570	975	1,600
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	300	70	235
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	430	145	285
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,350	520	825
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	20	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	75	55	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	150	80	65
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	240	85	155
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	10	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	3,375	1,135	2,240
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	35	15	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	250	95	160
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	625	50	570
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	530	175	360
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	50	10	40
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	475	135	335
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	1,410	660	755
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	6,930	2,795	4,135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	20	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	350	100	245
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	6,555	2,685	3,870
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	1,295	585	710
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	490	210	275
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	425	150	275
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	325	215	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	1,915	1,185	730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	1,565	1,030	530
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	60	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	265	125	140
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	25	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	7,735	6,930	800
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	175	135	40
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	1,970	1,570	400
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	1,120	955	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	1,850	1,760	90
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	1,685	1,630	55
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	930	880	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	450	265	185
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	335	180	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	115	85	25
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	5,855	1,125	4,730
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	205	110	95
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	5,605	990	4,610
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	50	25	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	1,905	830	1,075
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	1,430	460	970
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	160	105	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	295	255	40
Other	285	80	205	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	98,310	49,610	48,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	55,435	28,485	26,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	42,875	21,125	21,750
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	26,400	13,050	13,350
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	23,195	11,270	11,925
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	3,210	1,785	1,425
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	16,470	8,075	8,400
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	710	395	310
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	3,785	1,530	2,260
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	5,130	2,585	2,540
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	455	315	140
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	1,255	560	690
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	45	20	25
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	5,095	2,670	2,430
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	67,520	33,970	33,545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	32,895	17,250	15,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	34,625	16,720	17,905
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	20,715	10,125	10,590
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	18,340	8,805	9,535
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	2,375	1,325	1,055
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	13,910	6,595	7,320
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	590	325	260
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	3,335	1,330	2,005
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	4,465	2,155	2,310
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	305	220	85
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,040	455	585
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	40	20	20
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	4,135	2,085	2,050
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	98,310	49,610	48,700
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	64,045	34,625	29,430
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	59,270	32,325	26,945
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	4,775	2,295	2,480
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	34,260	14,990	19,270
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	65.1	69.8	60.4
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	60.3	65.2	55.3
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.5	6.6	8.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	98,310	49,610	48,700
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	33,575	14,700	18,875
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	64,735	34,910	29,825
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	28,030	16,465	11,560
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	36,705	18,445	18,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	41.3	42.2	40.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	64,050	34,625	29,430
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	1,645	750	895
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	62,405	33,875	28,530
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	56,280	29,540	26,740
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	6,125	4,325	1,795
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	64,050	34,625	29,430
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	1,645	750	895
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	62,405	33,870	28,530
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	3,965	2,435	1,530
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	8,295	2,560	5,730
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	2,795	2,190	600
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	3,825	695	3,130
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	4,370	1,090	3,275
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	1,165	615	550
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	18,470	7,725	10,745
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	14,085	13,150	940
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	1,280	735	545
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	4,155	2,670	1,485
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	64,050	34,620	29,425
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	1,645	750	895
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	62,405	33,870	28,535
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,110	460	645
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	85	65	20
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	160	95	60
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	6,805	6,100	705
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	6,130	4,235	1,900
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	2,540	1,770	775
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	7,530	3,330	4,200
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	5,825	4,700	1,125
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	1,415	930	480
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	1,830	655	1,175
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	1,000	640	360
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	3,020	1,560	1,455
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	80	35	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	4,680	2,755	1,925
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	2,530	830	1,700
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	6,485	1,100	5,390
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	925	435	485
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	5,505	2,000	3,505
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	3,035	1,445	1,595
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	1,715	730	975
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	59,270	32,330	26,945
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	2,220	1,155	1,065
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	235	170	60
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	11,910	9,140	2,775
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	44,900	21,860	23,050
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	44,905	21,855	23,045
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	18,325	7,880	10,445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	25,795	13,495	12,295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	635	400	235
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	150	75	70
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	56,820	30,995	25,820
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	35,815	21,395	14,420
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	4,035	2,170	1,860
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	14,085	6,190	7,900
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	2,080	770	1,310
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	200	155	45
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	605	320	285
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	56,820	30,995	25,825
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	8,275	3,605	4,670
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	14,370	7,795	6,575
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	15,250	9,070	6,185
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	8,355	4,645	3,715
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	10,560	5,885	4,680
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	56,815	31,000	25,820
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	6,425	4,440	1,985
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	11,240	6,640	4,600
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	11,360	5,965	5,390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	8,750	4,195	4,560
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	7,240	3,285	3,960
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	11,800	6,475	5,330
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	67,945	36,505	31,440
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	64,870	34,830	30,035
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	60,740	32,565	28,175
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	60,645	32,520	28,125
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	95	45	50
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	4,125	2,265	1,860
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	4,125	2,265	1,860
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	50	40	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	50	35	10
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	45	35	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	195	80	115
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	10	10	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	185	65	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	60	30	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	60	30	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	2,880	1,665	1,215
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	40	15	25
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	40	15	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	10	0	10
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	20	10	15
Serbian	160	110	55	15	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	10	0	10
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	2,770	1,605	1,160
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	2,755	1,595	1,155
Bengali	300	145	155	10	10	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	10
Hindi	740	355	385	45	15	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	2,685	1,560	1,125
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	10
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	15	10	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	15	10	10
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	55	35	15
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	0	10	0
Romanian	245	105	140	10	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	45	30	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	10	10	10
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	135	65	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	790	380	405
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	775	375	400
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	305	135	165
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	435	215	215
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	35	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	15	10	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	10
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	3,075	1,670	1,405
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	85	30	55
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	2,990	1,640	1,350
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	67,945	36,505	31,440
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	60,540	32,420	28,125
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,530	870	655
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	300	150	150
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	5,510	3,040	2,470
Aboriginal	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	5,510	3,040	2,470
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	50	15	30
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	116,980	59,255	57,720
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	97,795	49,370	48,420
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	19,185	9,885	9,305
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	11,115	5,690	5,425
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	8,075	4,195	3,880
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	5,340	2,765	2,570
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	4,395	2,255	2,145
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	945	520	425
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	2,735	1,425	1,305
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	111,920	56,850	55,070
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	60,325	30,585	29,740
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	51,595	26,265	25,330
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	28,080	14,260	13,825
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	23,520	12,010	11,505
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	12,710	6,475	6,235
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	10,185	5,145	5,035
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	2,530	1,330	1,195
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	10,805	5,530	5,275