Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and West Vancouver--Sunshine Coast--Sea to Sky Country [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			West Vancouver--Sunshine Coast--Sea to Sky Country British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : West Vancouver--Sunshine Coast--Sea to Sky Country [Federal electoral district], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	119,113	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	112,875	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	61,419	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	48,843	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	9.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	13,008.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	119,115	58,000	61,115
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	17,410	8,870	8,545
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	4,925	2,465	2,460
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	6,180	3,240	2,940
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	6,305	3,160	3,145
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	75,735	37,055	38,680
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	6,645	3,450	3,195
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	5,990	3,205	2,780
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	5,795	3,005	2,795
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	6,665	3,205	3,465
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	7,030	3,260	3,765
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	7,905	3,760	4,150
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	8,725	4,140	4,580
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	9,020	4,345	4,670
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	9,040	4,350	4,690
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	8,925	4,330	4,595
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	25,965	12,080	13,890
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	8,360	4,070	4,295
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	6,460	3,175	3,285
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	4,290	2,025	2,265
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	3,170	1,445	1,725
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	3,690	1,370	2,315
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	2,275	905	1,370
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	1,085	390	700
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	290	70	215
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	40	10	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	14.6	15.3	14.0
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	63.6	63.9	63.3
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	21.8	20.8	22.7
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	3.1	2.4	3.8
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	44.4	43.4	45.3
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	46.2	45.3	47.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	48,845	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	29,120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	4,660	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	13,980	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	1,835	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	3,865	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	3,110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	5,125	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	50	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	1,080	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	48,845	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	13,555	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	17,925	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	7,320	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	6,665	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	3,375	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	116,650	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	101,700	49,130	52,570
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	61,590	30,625	30,960
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	50,590	25,130	25,460
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	11,000	5,500	5,500
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	40,115	18,505	21,610
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	24,935	13,645	11,290
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	2,585	1,095	1,495
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	6,865	2,605	4,260
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	5,725	1,165	4,560
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	34,290	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	18,995	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	6,925	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	6,400	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	1,970	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	34,290	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	29,785	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	24,285	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	5,495	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	4,505	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	3,460	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	29,785	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	16,180	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	13,605	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	5,605	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	6,100	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	1,900	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	4,505	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	2,810	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	1,320	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	21,995	10,015	11,980
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	48,845	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	32,285	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	15,225	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	17,060	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	975	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	15,585	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	13,555	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	2,025	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	118,300	57,715	60,590
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	103,395	51,015	52,380
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	55	30	30
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	12,775	5,680	7,095
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	2,075	995	1,080
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	118,305	57,715	60,585
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	113,275	55,310	57,965
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	2,320	1,140	1,180
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	680	295	380
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	2,030	965	1,060
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	2,660	1,290	1,370
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.2	2.2	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	118,305	57,715	60,585
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	116,420	56,850	59,570
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	91,540	45,535	46,000
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	89,170	44,375	44,795
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	2,370	1,160	1,205
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	24,885	11,315	13,565
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	220	110	110
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	10	0	10
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	10	0	10
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	10	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	5	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	190	105	80
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	115	65	50
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	10	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	24,660	11,200	13,455
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	305	170	135
Berber languages	220	130	90	5	0	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	0	0	0
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	300	170	135
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	10	5	5
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	245	140	110
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	10	5	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	0	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	25	20	5
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	10	5	5
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	105	50	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	5	0	5
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	105	50	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	1,325	460	860
Bikol	470	210	260	0	0	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	40	10	25
Fijian	55	25	25	10	5	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	15	0	15
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	45	15	30
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	60	10	45
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	10	5	0
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	1,110	395	710
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	30	10	20
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	50	25	20
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	0	0	0
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	20	10	10
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	20	10	10
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	13,700	6,525	7,180
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	5	0	0
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	75	35	35
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	2,090	960	1,130
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	55	15	35
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	35	10	20
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	15	5	15
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	2,035	940	1,090
Belarusan	355	170	185	10	5	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	15	5	5
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	35	20	20
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	110	50	55
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	360	175	185
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	5	5	0
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	475	215	265
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	530	240	295
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	80	45	40
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	10	0	10
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	160	70	90
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	45	20	25
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	190	90	95
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	5	5	5
Celtic languages	460	210	250	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	10	0	5
Welsh	150	65	85	10	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	5	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	3,480	1,625	1,860
Afrikaans	985	475	510	135	70	65
Danish	1,570	710	855	260	130	130
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	575	275	305
Frisian	135	60	75	5	0	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	2,205	1,015	1,185
Icelandic	85	40	45	5	0	10
Norwegian	380	170	210	115	55	55
Swedish	1,140	485	660	160	60	95
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	20	10	10
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	0	5
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	135	80	55
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	6,130	3,015	3,110
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	1,595	805	795
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	20	10	10
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	130	55	75
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	120	60	55
Kashmiri	275	140	140	0	5	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	0	0	0
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	5	5	5
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	10	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	1,185	610	580
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	65	25	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	15	5	5
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	50	25	25
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	4,530	2,210	2,320
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	20	15	5
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	4,510	2,195	2,310
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	1,765	800	965
Catalan	165	90	75	10	5	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	500	245	255
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	195	85	110
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	120	50	75
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	945	415	525
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	5
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	790	265	525
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	915	400	515
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	0	0	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	30	10	20
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	0	0	0
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	0	0
Ga	440	200	245	0	0	0
Ganda	515	245	270	0	0	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	0	0	0
Lingala	375	175	200	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	0	0	0
Shona	680	325	355	0	0	0
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	10	0	5
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	15	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	5	5	0
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	5	5	5
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	15	10	5
American Sign Language	470	250	220	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	6,800	3,000	3,800
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	6,775	2,990	3,785
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	1,065	475	590
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	20	5	10
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	5,250	2,330	2,920
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	125	50	75
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	85	25	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	220	100	120
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	15	5	10
Burmese	1,005	450	555	5	0	5
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	10	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	70	15	55
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	5	0	0
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	65	15	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	5	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	170	95	75
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	30	20	10
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	135	75	60
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	370	165	210
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	45	20	20
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	115	40	70
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	215	105	115
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	10	5	5
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	1,885	865	1,015
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	365	180	190
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	1,395	625	765
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	60	30	35
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	60	25	30
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	118,300	57,715	60,585
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	114,400	55,935	58,465
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	101,245	49,720	51,530
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	100,395	49,275	51,120
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	850	440	410
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	13,155	6,220	6,935
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	20	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	5	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	13,135	6,210	6,920
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	120	65	60
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	0	0	0
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	0	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	125	65	60
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	0	0	0
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	110	60	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	10	5	5
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	55	40	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	0	0	0
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	55	35	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	480	230	250
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	10	5	5
Fijian	10	10	5	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	5	0	5
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	10	5	5
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	410	200	210
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	30	10	15
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	20	10	10
Kannada	830	415	410	0	0	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	10	5	5
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	5	5	0
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	6,195	3,005	3,190
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	5	0	0
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	45	20	25
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	680	350	330
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	5	0	5
Latvian	600	245	355	5	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	5	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	675	350	330
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	5	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	10	5	5
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	15	5	5
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	20	10	5
Czech	1,415	685	730	90	50	40
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	0	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	125	65	60
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	295	145	155
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	30	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	0	0	0
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	45	25	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	5	0	5
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	40	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	0	5
Celtic languages	65	35	30	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	515	245	265
Afrikaans	265	125	145	70	30	35
Danish	135	65	75	35	20	15
Dutch	655	300	350	85	45	45
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	280	135	145
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	5	5
Norwegian	45	15	20	15	10	10
Swedish	220	100	120	25	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	4,270	2,075	2,195
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	985	490	495
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	10	5	5
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	50	20	25
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	45	20	20
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	0	0	0
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	850	425	425
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	0	5	0
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	15	5	10
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	3,285	1,585	1,700
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	15	10	5
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	3,270	1,575	1,695
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	640	295	345
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	95	45	55
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	60	25	35
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	60	25	35
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	420	200	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	380	165	215
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	670	300	370
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	0	0	0
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	15	10	5
American Sign Language	720	375	345	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	5,065	2,325	2,740
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	5,050	2,325	2,730
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	555	260	295
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	0	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	4,285	1,965	2,320
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	35	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	50	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	115	55	60
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	10	5	5
Burmese	575	260	310	0	0	0
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	10	5	5
Lao	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Thai	575	255	320	10	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	55	30	30
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	5	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	45	25	20
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	65	35	35
Estonian	650	240	410	5	5	5
Finnish	510	220	290	20	10	10
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	40	25	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	0	0	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	3,905	1,780	2,125
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	210	90	125
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	3,605	1,655	1,950
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	70	30	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	118,300	57,715	60,590
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	103,585	50,945	52,640
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	5,605	2,715	2,900
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	1,790	815	980
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	7,040	3,120	3,920
Aboriginal	480	205	275	435	215	220
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	6,610	2,905	3,700
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	40	20	20
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	90	45	45
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	140	65	80
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	99,290	48,020	51,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	95,855	46,365	49,490
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	35,774	42,918	30,752
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	95,960	46,455	49,510
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	31,840	37,257	27,917
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	88,895	43,335	45,565
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	33,285	41,009	27,678
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	66,305	28,900	37,405
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,922	4,321	5,119
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	68,830	35,080	33,750
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	28,867	35,466	23,980
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	99,290	48,005	51,290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	95,840	46,335	49,500
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	65,168	84,159	47,391
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	95,940	46,425	49,510
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	50,389	62,428	39,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	89,090	43,440	45,650
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	64,760	84,962	45,536
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	66,240	28,775	37,465
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,189	7,263	7,132
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	68,900	35,240	33,660
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	54,836	72,097	36,765
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	99,290	48,005	51,290
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	25,200	14,480	10,720
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	55,196	62,864	47,671
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	85,621	105,312	59,025
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	92.1	94.4	88.4
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	61.2	65.7	53.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	7.9	5.6	11.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	99,295	48,015	51,280
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	3,440	1,650	1,785
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	95,855	46,365	49,490
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.5	96.6	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	15,090	6,580	8,510
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	14,395	5,925	8,475
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	12,350	5,080	7,265
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	10,165	4,325	5,840
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	8,925	4,160	4,765
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	6,965	3,400	3,570
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	5,685	3,060	2,625
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	4,215	2,330	1,885
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	3,435	1,885	1,550
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	2,500	1,455	1,045
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	12,135	8,180	3,955
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	6,280	4,005	2,275
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	5,855	4,175	1,680
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	99,295	48,015	51,280
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	3,335	1,565	1,770
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	95,960	46,450	49,505
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.6	96.7	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	15,955	6,995	8,965
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	15,325	6,460	8,865
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	14,465	6,060	8,405
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	11,755	5,125	6,630
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	9,725	4,740	4,985
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	7,250	3,800	3,450
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	5,245	2,860	2,380
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	3,825	2,180	1,650
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	12,415	8,240	4,175
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	2,770	1,665	1,105
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	1,855	1,195	660
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	7,795	5,385	2,410
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	99,295	48,015	51,275
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	30,465	12,940	17,530
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	68,830	35,080	33,750
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	69.3	73.1	65.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	13,070	6,060	7,010
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	5,490	2,460	3,030
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	9,060	4,055	5,005
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	7,570	3,380	4,195
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	6,370	2,815	3,550
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	5,400	2,590	2,815
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	4,250	2,140	2,115
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	3,465	1,995	1,475
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	2,685	1,550	1,140
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	11,465	8,040	3,420
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	2,230	1,310	925
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	1,575	1,010	560
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	7,655	5,725	1,935
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	48,845	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	75,449	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	65,442	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	13,555	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	37,478	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	33,318	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	35,285	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	95,963	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	82,563	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	48,810	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	127,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	99,041	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	13,515	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	58,062	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	46,461	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	35,295	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	154,721	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	119,176	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	48,840	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	1,205	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	705	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	1,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	1,900	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	1,960	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	1,820	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	1,860	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	1,880	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	1,790	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	1,840	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	3,350	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	3,265	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	2,895	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	2,565	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	2,360	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	18,240	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	4,765	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	3,505	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	3,980	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	5,985	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	48,840	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	1,395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	730	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	1,235	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	1,995	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	2,270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	2,180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	2,225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	2,185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	2,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	2,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	3,905	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	3,545	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	3,160	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	2,850	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	2,460	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	14,415	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	4,705	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	2,935	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	6,770	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	33,820	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	94,966	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	81,671	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	15,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	90,447	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	77,862	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	13,640	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	118,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	100,147	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	4,195	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	49,959	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	45,093	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	33,870	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	155,451	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	119,242	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	15,220	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	146,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	112,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	13,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	187,712	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	142,338	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	4,200	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	90,114	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	71,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	19,965	9,140	10,830
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	32,072	32,596	31,641
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,892	29,218	28,558
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	19,885	9,140	10,750
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	49,303	54,383	44,982
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	40,004	42,814	37,613
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	116,655	56,860	59,795
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	54,035	25,665	28,365
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	15,030	7,235	7,790
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	10,810	4,915	5,895
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	9,615	4,535	5,080
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	9,035	4,305	4,730
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	9,540	4,670	4,870
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	62,620	31,190	31,425
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	9,605	4,690	4,915
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	10,055	4,950	5,105
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	10,555	5,280	5,275
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	11,705	5,860	5,845
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	20,705	10,415	10,285
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	111,075	54,085	56,985
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	20,415	10,420	10,000
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	5,795	2,915	2,880
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	66,900	32,415	34,485
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	23,760	11,260	12,500
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	16,725	7,735	8,990
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	3,810	1,945	1,870
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	955	500	455
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	10,120	4,620	5,500
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	2,795	1,170	1,625
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	15.1	14.3	15.8
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	18.7	18.7	18.7
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	16.5	17.2	15.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	15.1	14.3	15.9
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	11.8	10.4	13.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	11,395	5,420	5,975
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	2,510	1,280	1,230
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	540	280	255
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	7,720	3,645	4,080
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,160	500	660
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	10.3	10.0	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	12.3	12.3	12.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	9.3	9.6	8.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	11.5	11.2	11.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	4.9	4.4	5.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	116,645	56,840	59,805
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	114,605	55,865	58,740
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	114,545	55,845	58,700
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	12,830	5,785	7,040
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	32,265	14,845	17,420
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	770	385	385
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	15	10	10
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	10	0	10
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	10	15
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	0	10
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	715	365	350
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	410	215	195
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	165	70	95
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	145	80	65
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	31,510	14,465	17,045
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	535	300	230
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	0	0	0
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	530	295	225
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	10	10	0
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	360	205	160
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	150	80	65
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	10	10	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	150	80	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	20	10	15
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	135	80	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	1,740	615	1,125
Bikol	580	260	325	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	80	20	50
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	35	10	30
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	75	25	45
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	100	40	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	25	10	15
Pangasinan	450	200	255	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	1,590	545	1,045
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	25	20	0
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	90	55	35
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	0	0	0
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	30	15	10
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	35	25	10
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	35	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	18,800	8,920	9,880
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	10	10	0
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	125	60	70
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	2,335	1,090	1,245
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	55	20	35
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	30	15	15
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	20	10	15
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	2,290	1,070	1,220
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	10	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	40	20	15
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	35	15	20
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	150	65	85
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	395	200	195
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	10	0	0
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	625	315	305
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	655	305	350
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	115	50	60
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	10	10	0
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	220	105	115
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	85	20	60
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	240	115	130
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	0	10	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	40	0	35
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	0	0	0
Welsh	235	115	125	15	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	25	10	15
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	5,175	2,450	2,730
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	420	210	210
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	295	130	155
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	660	340	325
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	10
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	3,575	1,715	1,860
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	140	60	75
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	310	130	175
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	15	10	15
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	20	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	15	10	10
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	205	115	90
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	6,870	3,365	3,505
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	1,995	980	1,010
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	20	0	15
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	225	80	145
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	390	190	200
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	0	0	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	15	10	0
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	1,360	715	650
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	115	40	75
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	50	20	30
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	130	65	65
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	4,890	2,390	2,500
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	40	35	15
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	4,890	2,385	2,500
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	5,030	2,300	2,730
Catalan	315	165	150	15	10	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	1,125	500	615
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	400	190	210
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	140	65	75
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	3,715	1,695	2,020
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	25	25	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	1,245	535	715
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	1,160	495	665
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	10	0	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	120	70	50
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	0	0	0
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	0	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	0	0	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	0	0	0
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	0	0	0
Shona	1,175	515	655	0	0	0
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	75	45	30
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	35	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	0	0	0
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	0	0	0
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	130	75	60
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	80	45	30
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	60	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	7,750	3,430	4,315
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	7,705	3,410	4,295
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	1,570	665	905
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	10	0	10
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	6,420	2,870	3,550
Min Dong	710	285	425	10	10	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	185	75	110
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	70	20	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	235	105	135
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	40	15	30
Burmese	1,325	600	720	10	0	10
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	35	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	75	20	55
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	10	0	0
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	70	20	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	355	200	155
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	80	50	35
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	270	145	125
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	10	10	10
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	375	170	205
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	55	40	15
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	100	35	70
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	210	95	120
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	15	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,645	56,840	59,810
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	103,400	50,360	53,030
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	19,435	9,870	9,560
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	83,965	40,495	43,475
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	13,250	6,475	6,775
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,645	56,835	59,805
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	80,000	39,725	40,275
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	33,415	15,460	17,960
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	11,050	5,050	5,995
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	2,985	1,380	1,610
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	5,230	2,385	2,845
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	8,585	3,895	4,685
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	3,490	1,520	1,970
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	5,085	2,375	2,720
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	5,575	2,750	2,825
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	3,235	1,655	1,575
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	33,415	15,455	17,960
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	3,280	1,605	1,670
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	5,160	2,555	2,605
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	6,390	2,780	3,610
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	15,005	6,705	8,305
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	3,580	1,810	1,775
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	33,415	15,460	17,960
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	3,190	1,500	1,690
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	85	35	50
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	70	45	30
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	10	10	0
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	15	15	0
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	10	0	0
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	65	20	45
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	335	135	195
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	45	15	35
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	40	25	20
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	2,160	1,020	1,135
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	370	190	180
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	12,335	5,820	6,515
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	50	30	20
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	55	20	35
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	310	170	140
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	1,350	585	760
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	70	45	25
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	135	60	75
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	220	105	115
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	345	190	150
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	405	225	180
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	500	255	250
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	70	35	40
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	100	60	40
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	195	75	120
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	60	25	30
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	195	95	105
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	6,460	3,060	3,395
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	1,820	785	1,035
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	1,420	640	780
Algeria	1,240	650	595	0	0	0
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	120	60	60
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	15	0	0
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	155	90	65
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	20	0	15
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	45	15	25
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	0	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	725	320	400
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	345	145	205
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	15,320	6,875	8,440
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	10	10	10
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	15	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	4,710	2,070	2,640
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	790	345	450
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	1,100	560	540
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	4,345	2,125	2,220
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	25	10	20
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	570	180	390
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	785	335	455
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	75	45	30
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	130	80	50
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	1,400	535	865
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	50	25	30
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	15	10	10
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	390	160	230
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	135	75	55
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	765	305	465
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	1,150	610	535
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	5,575	2,750	2,820
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	425	205	230
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	30	0	20
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	0	0	0
Cuba	1,200	535	660	0	0	0
Haiti	865	415	450	10	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	10	0	0
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	60	30	35
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	300	160	145
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	30	0	20
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,070	580	495
France	1,400	675	725	45	20	20
Germany	915	490	420	40	15	25
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	45	25	20
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	10	10	10
Romania	1,490	590	900	0	0	0
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	40	10	30
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	60	30	25
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	555	345	215
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	280	130	150
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	210	80	125
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	45	20	25
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	0	0	0
Morocco	365	145	220	10	0	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	40	15	20
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	105	40	65
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	15	10	10
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	3,515	1,665	1,850
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	0	0	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	1,350	640	710
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	40	25	15
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	160	80	80
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	1,085	560	520
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	0	0	0
Israel	1,665	880	785	10	0	0
Japan	965	265	700	60	20	40
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	110	55	55
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	10	0	0
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	0	0	0
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	35	25	10
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	515	200	315
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	15	10	10
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	0	10	10
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	0	0	0
Taiwan	760	300	460	45	25	20
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	15	0	15
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	50	10	40
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	345	220	130
Australia	1,005	615	390	295	175	120
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	55	40	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	116,645	56,840	59,810
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	38,170	17,915	20,255
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	25,255	12,255	13,000
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	53,225	26,670	26,550
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	22,760	10,605	12,155
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	16,330	7,830	8,495
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	6,585	4,180	2,410
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	9,745	3,655	6,085
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	5,390	2,185	3,200
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	820	480	345
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	220	105	115
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	116,650	56,840	59,810
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	6,630	3,240	3,390
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	6,470	3,165	3,310
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	5,155	2,535	2,620
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	1,290	615	675
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	20	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	30	15	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	130	65	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	110,020	53,600	56,420
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,650	56,840	59,810
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	4,390	2,180	2,210
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	112,255	54,660	57,600
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,645	56,840	59,810
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	3,160	1,540	1,615
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	3,125	1,535	1,590
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	3,015	1,475	1,540
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	110	60	50
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	35	10	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	4,615	2,215	2,400
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	4,490	2,170	2,315
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	3,230	1,540	1,685
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	1,205	615	595
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	55	15	35
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	130	45	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	120	45	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	108,875	53,080	55,795
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,650	56,840	59,810
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	22,940	10,485	12,455
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	2,820	1,480	1,335
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	8,665	3,860	4,805
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	465	235	230
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	2,010	735	1,275
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	635	265	370
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	350	190	160
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	440	185	255
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	4,410	2,150	2,260
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	1,260	535	725
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	1,320	575	740
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	155	80	75
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	420	200	220
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	93,710	46,350	47,360
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	116,645	56,840	59,810
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	7,775	3,760	4,015
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	6,380	3,065	3,315
Inuit	1,360	645	710	80	25	60
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	1,475	725	750
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	24,360	12,110	12,250
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	130	55	70
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	2,360	1,100	1,260
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	22,515	11,235	11,285
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	65	50	20
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	0	0	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	0	0	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	75	50	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	0	0	0
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	83,825	41,080	42,750
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	61,555	30,020	31,530
Channel Islander	445	235	210	40	10	30
Cornish	205	105	95	10	0	10
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	38,985	19,065	19,920
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	21,140	9,805	11,335
Manx	815	475	345	55	30	25
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	26,895	12,820	14,075
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	3,520	1,645	1,870
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	4,705	2,255	2,445
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	10,520	5,105	5,410
Alsatian	355	140	215	10	0	0
Breton	60	35	20	10	0	10
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	10,505	5,110	5,395
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	20,950	9,965	10,990
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	1,550	710	835
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	540	245	290
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	4,705	2,225	2,480
Flemish	910	430	475	50	25	25
Frisian	400	230	165	10	10	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	14,920	7,185	7,735
Luxembourger	305	145	155	25	15	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,180	580	605
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	25	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	9,600	4,545	5,055
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	1,740	820	920
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	970	465	505
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	775	405	375
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	3,480	1,600	1,885
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	3,145	1,400	1,745
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	390	225	160
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	14,395	6,830	7,570
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	85	30	60
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	80	35	50
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	915	445	465
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	120	45	75
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	270	150	120
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,255	600	655
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	240	120	115
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	255	115	140
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	45	20	30
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	4,300	2,065	2,235
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	630	330	300
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	3,050	1,435	1,615
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	490	210	275
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	4,935	2,305	2,630
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	80	40	40
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	8,615	4,130	4,485
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	60	40	15
Catalan	160	105	60	10	0	10
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	585	285	295
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	0	0	0
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	840	410	430
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	4,735	2,325	2,405
Kosovar	485	255	225	10	10	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	30	0	30
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	75	35	40
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	15	10	0
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	735	380	360
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	200	95	105
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	0	0	0
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	180	85	100
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	1,620	655	965
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	165	115	60
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	10	10	0
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,035	555	485
Basque	815	400	415	25	20	10
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	475	240	235
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	20	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	25	10	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	485	280	205
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	550	270	280
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	15	10	10
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	50	25	25
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	10	10	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	10	0	10
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	10	0	10
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	15	0	10
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	240	120	125
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	0	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	25	10	20
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	80	40	40
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	15	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	80	50	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	1,390	640	750
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	35	25	0
Arawak	710	315	395	15	10	15
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	100	40	60
Belizean	355	170	185	10	0	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	10	10	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	115	45	70
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	170	80	90
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	65	30	35
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	10	0	10
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	15	10	15
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	15	0	15
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	45	25	20
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	15	10	10
Honduran	1,750	810	940	30	20	10
Maya	1,135	555	575	20	10	15
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	640	290	350
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	0	0	0
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	0	0	10
Paraguayan	305	140	160	0	0	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	55	15	35
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	25	20	10
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	15	10	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	45	30	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	15	10	0
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	1,385	665	720
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	20	20	0
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	0	10	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	0	0	0
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	0	0	0
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	0	0	0
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	0	0	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	0	0	0
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	15	10	0
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	0	0	0
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	0	0	0
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	335	180	160
Algerian	1,700	835	870	0	0	0
Berber	680	365	315	0	0	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	35	10	20
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	240	125	115
Libyan	1,275	685	600	0	0	0
Maure	235	130	105	20	15	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	40	20	20
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	0	0	0
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	35	15	25
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	745	345	405
Afrikaner	340	175	170	30	15	20
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	0	0	0
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	10	0	0
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	0	0	0
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	30	20	10
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	50	25	25
Oromo	830	370	460	0	0	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	0	0	0
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	0	0	10
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	610	275	330
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	0	0	0
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	10	0	0
Zambian	385	195	190	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	20	15	0
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	10	10	0
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	280	125	155
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	65	25	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	235	105	125
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	23,500	10,790	12,710
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	6,210	3,030	3,180
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	25	20	10
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	80	60	25
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	215	115	105
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	40	25	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	35	25	15
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	5,140	2,500	2,640
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	20	10	15
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	85	55	30
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	15	0	10
Kazakh	975	445	530	10	0	10
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	35	25	10
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	260	125	140
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	85	35	50
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	0	0	0
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	65	20	45
Tajik	1,425	670	755	0	0	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	10	0	10
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	220	105	115
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	80	25	55
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	2,990	1,560	1,430
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	20	0	15
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	0	0	0
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	2,600	1,330	1,270
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	10	0	0
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	15	10	10
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	15	15	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	15	15	10
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	80	50	25
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	185	115	75
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	80	45	35
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	125	65	55
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	14,445	6,255	8,195
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	25	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	25	10	15
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	8,990	4,005	4,985
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	2,140	780	1,355
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	90	15	80
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	1,555	705	855
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	1,350	575	775
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	0	0	0
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	80	25	50
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	25	0	25
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	30	15	15
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	325	160	165
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	110	40	75
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	30	20	15
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	175	105	70
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	15	0	10
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	20	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	15	10	10
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	1,815	985	825
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	1,200	685	515
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	435	210	225
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	245	125	120
Fijian	1,185	495	690	45	30	15
Hawaiian	225	115	115	130	60	75
Maori	200	105	90	55	25	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	15	10	0
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	48,810	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	35,800	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	12,810	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	48,810	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	9,235	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	39,575	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	48,810	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	535	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	6,610	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	11,890	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	15,045	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	14,740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	48,815	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	13,715	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	7,055	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	6,525	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	5,840	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	15,670	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	48,810	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	48,105	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	705	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	48,810	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	46,690	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	2,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	48,810	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	6,325	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	15,290	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	7,660	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	8,600	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	3,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	4,540	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	2,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	48,810	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	45,775	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	3,035	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	48,810	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	28,460	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	18,880	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	1,470	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	48,810	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	760	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	4,420	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	7,445	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	9,695	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	10,380	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	8,920	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	4,885	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	2,315	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	46,225	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	31,690	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	14,540	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	11,140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	34,635	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	53.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	25.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,276	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,760	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	800,447	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	1,349,068	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	11,740	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	11.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	49.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,288	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,513	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	99,290	48,005	51,290
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	10,650	5,495	5,150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	25,705	12,215	13,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	62,935	30,290	32,650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	7,935	5,725	2,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	3,510	1,980	1,525
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	4,430	3,745	685
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	17,035	6,880	10,150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	4,150	1,575	2,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	33,815	16,110	17,705
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	20,745	9,470	11,280
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	2,685	1,145	1,540
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	1,565	930	635
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	7,475	3,740	3,740
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	1,350	835	515
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	62,235	29,940	32,295
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	3,625	2,040	1,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	14,415	7,140	7,275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	44,200	20,765	23,435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	5,335	3,945	1,385
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	2,420	1,420	1,005
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	2,915	2,525	390
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	11,775	4,845	6,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	2,780	1,055	1,720
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	24,310	10,910	13,400
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	15,235	6,640	8,590
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	1,795	710	1,085
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	1,150	600	550
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	5,295	2,535	2,765
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	830	425	405
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	99,290	48,005	51,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	36,355	17,715	18,640
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	4,595	960	3,630
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	4,595	960	3,630
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	3,505	1,330	2,175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	430	325	100
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	3,080	1,005	2,070
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	4,125	1,475	2,650
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	515	100	420
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	1,360	425	935
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	1,080	395	690
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	20	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	240	115	125
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	180	115	65
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	580	295	280
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	155	30	125
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	8,360	3,245	5,110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	115	30	80
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	770	220	550
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	1,020	90	935
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,715	845	870
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	165	40	125
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	1,340	320	1,015
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	3,245	1,700	1,545
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	13,260	5,805	7,455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	570	115	455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	12,680	5,680	6,995
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	2,690	1,500	1,195
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	1,160	490	670
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	435	230	210
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	30	15	15
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	960	715	245
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	100	45	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	1,880	1,105	775
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	1,260	845	415
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	200	15	180
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	410	235	165
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	10,795	9,720	1,080
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	860	580	280
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	3,545	3,105	445
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	1,400	1,220	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	2,300	2,235	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	1,800	1,745	55
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	890	840	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	1,660	1,050	610
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	660	350	315
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	995	700	295
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	8,800	2,235	6,570
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,130	525	605
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	7,150	1,365	5,785
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	520	345	180
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	3,255	1,860	1,395
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	2,045	790	1,260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	10	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	255	220	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	930	835	100
Other	335	95	235	15	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	15	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	62,235	29,945	32,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	18,035	9,180	8,860
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	2,785	600	2,185
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	2,780	595	2,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	2,620	1,000	1,620
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	320	235	80
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	2,300	760	1,535
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	2,705	975	1,735
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	315	50	270
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	875	285	590
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	730	265	470
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	155	65	85
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	140	90	45
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	375	195	180
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	100	20	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	6,150	2,210	3,940
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	105	25	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	645	185	465
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	750	65	685
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,155	460	695
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	110	35	75
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	955	215	735
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	2,425	1,220	1,210
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	9,660	4,070	5,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	15	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	390	65	330
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	9,250	4,005	5,250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	1,845	940	905
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	860	350	510
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	285	150	130
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	30	15	10
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	615	400	215
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	55	20	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	1,420	900	520
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	1,070	735	335
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	105	10	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	240	150	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	15	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	7,215	6,275	940
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	630	385	250
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	2,270	1,875	395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	960	795	165
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	1,615	1,560	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	1,200	1,165	35
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	535	495	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,250	730	525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	485	225	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	770	505	265
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	6,110	1,635	4,480
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	945	455	495
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	4,790	960	3,830
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	380	220	155
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	2,430	1,415	1,015
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	1,545	640	910
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	195	165	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	675	605	75
Other	285	80	205	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	99,290	48,000	51,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	36,355	17,710	18,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	62,940	30,290	32,645
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	44,365	21,275	23,090
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	30,295	14,355	15,945
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	14,065	6,920	7,145
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	18,580	9,015	9,560
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	3,125	1,620	1,505
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	850	250	600
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	315	190	130
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	3,995	2,120	1,875
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	1,945	815	1,130
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	270	135	135
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	8,080	3,890	4,185
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	62,235	29,940	32,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	18,040	9,175	8,860
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	44,200	20,765	23,435
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	31,395	14,850	16,540
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	21,630	10,040	11,585
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	9,770	4,810	4,960
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	12,805	5,915	6,895
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	1,895	955	935
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	755	215	540
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	270	155	115
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	2,185	1,155	1,030
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,830	765	1,070
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	205	100	100
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	5,670	2,575	3,095
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	99,295	48,005	51,290
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	61,330	32,450	28,890
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	57,730	30,460	27,270
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	3,605	1,985	1,620
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	37,955	15,555	22,405
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	61.8	67.6	56.3
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	58.1	63.5	53.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	5.9	6.1	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	99,290	48,000	51,290
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	33,845	13,685	20,160
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	65,450	34,320	31,130
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	26,720	15,475	11,245
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	38,725	18,840	19,885
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	40.8	41.4	40.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	61,335	32,450	28,890
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	765	345	420
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	60,570	32,105	28,465
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	46,060	23,335	22,725
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	14,510	8,770	5,740
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	61,335	32,445	28,885
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	765	340	420
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	60,570	32,105	28,470
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	9,605	6,050	3,555
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	8,565	2,795	5,775
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	3,925	3,045	875
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	3,830	1,020	2,805
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	6,625	2,250	4,375
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	3,715	1,870	1,850
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	14,530	6,450	8,080
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	7,250	6,740	510
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	1,605	1,205	405
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	920	680	240
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	61,335	32,450	28,885
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	765	345	420
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	60,570	32,105	28,465
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,255	920	335
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	525	435	90
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	260	195	65
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	5,560	4,925	635
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	2,350	1,675	675
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	1,445	985	460
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	6,235	2,850	3,385
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	2,295	1,620	675
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	1,600	995	610
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	2,440	1,260	1,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	2,245	1,180	1,065
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	7,025	3,985	3,040
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	145	90	50
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	2,860	1,495	1,370
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	4,185	1,290	2,900
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	5,790	1,350	4,435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	2,375	1,305	1,070
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	7,085	3,300	3,790
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	2,445	980	1,465
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	2,440	1,275	1,165
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	57,730	30,460	27,265
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	9,345	4,610	4,740
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	825	615	215
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	8,770	6,360	2,410
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	38,780	18,880	19,905
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	38,785	18,875	19,905
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	17,720	7,690	10,035
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	17,190	9,000	8,190
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	3,605	2,030	1,575
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	270	160	110
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	47,555	25,240	22,315
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	34,190	18,840	15,350
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	2,925	1,180	1,745
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	4,225	1,965	2,265
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	3,645	1,675	1,975
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,660	970	685
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	910	615	300
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	47,560	25,240	22,315
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	17,530	8,025	9,505
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	13,685	7,470	6,220
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	7,730	4,360	3,370
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	3,875	2,345	1,525
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	4,735	3,040	1,695
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	47,555	25,245	22,320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	2,595	1,795	800
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	6,420	4,315	2,100
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	12,185	7,155	5,030
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	12,730	5,535	7,195
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	7,870	3,355	4,510
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	5,760	3,080	2,680
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	67,430	35,260	32,170
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	66,435	34,710	31,720
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	65,135	33,910	31,220
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	64,860	33,855	31,010
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	270	55	210
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	1,305	800	505
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	1,300	800	500
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	10	10	10
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	30	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	30	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	335	210	125
Albanian	210	125	85	10	10	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	20	10	0
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	15	10	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	0	0	0
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	40	25	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	15	10	10
Dutch	60	40	25	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	15	15	10
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	10	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	225	140	80
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	30	10	15
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	25	15	15
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	195	130	65
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	195	130	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	45	20	25
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	20	10	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	25	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	50	20	30
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	80	50	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	0	10	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	790	500	295
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	785	495	290
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	55	20	40
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	715	465	255
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	995	550	450
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	160	70	85
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	825	475	350
French and non-official language	85	45	40	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	67,430	35,260	32,170
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	63,350	33,175	30,175
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	675	330	345
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	1,210	610	605
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	2,050	1,070	980
Aboriginal	155	50	105	65	25	40
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	1,985	1,045	940
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	15	0	10
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	130	70	60
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	115,725	56,370	59,360
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	96,045	46,590	49,455
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	19,680	9,780	9,905
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	9,915	4,870	5,045
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	9,765	4,905	4,860
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	7,155	3,560	3,595
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	5,705	2,830	2,875
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	1,455	730	725
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	2,610	1,345	1,260
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	111,785	54,350	57,435
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	62,120	30,010	32,115
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	49,660	24,340	25,320
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	21,640	10,555	11,085
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	28,020	13,785	14,235
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	19,855	9,675	10,180
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	15,745	7,595	8,150
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	4,110	2,080	2,030
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	8,165	4,115	4,050