Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Vancouver Island and Coast [Economic region], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Vancouver Island and Coast British Columbia [Economic region]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Vancouver Island and Coast [Economic region], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	799,400	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	759,366	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	383,244	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	352,716	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	9.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	84,231.61	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	799,400	388,510	410,890
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	108,085	55,205	52,875
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	34,070	17,360	16,710
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	37,270	19,065	18,200
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	36,740	18,775	17,960
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	504,685	245,775	258,905
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	39,980	20,245	19,735
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	43,840	22,405	21,435
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	43,765	21,880	21,885
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	46,020	22,735	23,285
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	44,960	22,035	22,930
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	44,865	21,780	23,085
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	49,560	23,925	25,630
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	59,140	28,275	30,865
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	65,605	30,990	34,615
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	66,945	31,505	35,435
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	186,635	87,530	99,105
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	63,495	30,870	32,625
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	45,055	21,950	23,110
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	30,810	14,900	15,910
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	22,390	10,475	11,915
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	24,880	9,330	15,540
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	14,935	6,240	8,695
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	7,620	2,530	5,090
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	2,045	520	1,530
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	275	50	225
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	13.5	14.2	12.9
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	63.1	63.3	63.0
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	23.3	22.5	24.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	3.1	2.4	3.8
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	45.3	44.4	46.2
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	47.8	46.6	49.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	352,720	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	196,305	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	11,955	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	133,990	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	15,035	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	18,695	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	34,830	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	64,650	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	780	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	10,465	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	352,715	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	110,495	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	141,325	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	46,025	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	36,170	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	18,700	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	779,595	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	691,315	333,310	358,010
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	403,135	201,150	201,990
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	323,585	161,500	162,085
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	79,555	39,645	39,910
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	288,180	132,160	156,020
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	168,775	91,900	76,880
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	20,080	8,875	11,205
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	56,370	21,965	34,405
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	42,950	9,420	33,530
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	230,590	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	143,165	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	42,540	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	33,345	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	11,535	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	230,590	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	196,580	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	156,805	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	39,775	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	34,010	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	26,090	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	7,920	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	196,580	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	120,960	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	75,625	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	33,495	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	31,240	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	10,880	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	34,005	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	22,205	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	9,045	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	2,760	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	170,850	79,390	91,455
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	352,715	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	219,680	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	115,925	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	103,760	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	5,365	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	127,675	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	110,495	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	17,180	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	789,005	384,050	404,950
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	718,300	352,455	365,845
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	275	110	165
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	66,055	29,645	36,415
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	4,365	1,840	2,525
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	789,000	384,050	404,950
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	771,075	375,540	395,530
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	12,250	6,060	6,190
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	1,475	700	770
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	4,205	1,745	2,455
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	12,990	6,410	6,580
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.6	1.7	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	789,000	384,050	404,950
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	780,020	379,845	400,170
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	699,285	343,130	356,155
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	686,255	336,700	349,555
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	13,025	6,425	6,600
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	80,735	36,720	44,020
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	1,635	765	870
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	110	45	65
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	90	30	50
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	5	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	15	5	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	15	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	50	20	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	20	10	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	20	10	10
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	45	20	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	40	15	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	20	5	10
Chilcotin	5	0	5	10	5	5
Dene	5	5	5	15	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	25	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	30	10	20	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	705	355	350
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	35
Halkomelem	0	0	0	395	190	205
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	5
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	80	65
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dakota	5	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	30	5	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	630	300	330
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	70	35	35
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	295	130	160
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	265	125	135
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	65	25	40
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	79,105	35,960	43,145
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	2,245	1,290	955
Berber languages	220	130	90	15	10	10
Kabyle	105	60	50	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	15	10	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	95	50	50
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	25	10	15
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	70	35	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	5	0	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	2,130	1,230	900
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	125	60	65
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,675	990	685
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	5	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	160	90	75
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	70	40	35
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	85	40	45
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	2,095	970	1,125
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	230	115	120
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	1,865	855	1,010
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	5,865	2,095	3,775
Bikol	470	210	260	20	5	15
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	385	130	255
Fijian	55	25	25	20	10	10
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	85	30	50
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	280	95	185
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	160	50	110
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	25	10	15
Pangasinan	450	185	270	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	4,780	1,715	3,065
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	20	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	85	35	50
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	70	35	35
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	40	25	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	25	10	15
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	470	255	215
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	25	15	10
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	155	90	75
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	175	85	85
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	110	65	45
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	44,910	21,195	23,715
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	140	80	65
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	75	45	25
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	7,720	3,505	4,215
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	205	115	90
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	120	65	55
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	90	50	40
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	7,510	3,390	4,120
Belarusan	355	170	185	10	5	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	50	20	30
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	165	80	80
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	825	410	415
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	755	360	395
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	40	20	20
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	1,815	835	985
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,605	660	950
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	295	140	155
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	130	60	70
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	290	135	155
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	190	80	110
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	1,280	545	740
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	55	30	25
Celtic languages	460	210	250	170	85	80
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	60	30	25
Welsh	150	65	85	95	45	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	20	5	10
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	18,500	8,580	9,920
Afrikaans	985	475	510	510	255	255
Danish	1,570	710	855	1,260	610	650
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	4,865	2,290	2,570
Frisian	135	60	75	55	25	30
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	10,535	4,790	5,745
Icelandic	85	40	45	55	30	25
Norwegian	380	170	210	520	255	265
Swedish	1,140	485	660	525	230	295
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	105	50	55
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	55	30	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	10	10	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	515	310	205
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	8,905	4,475	4,430
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	7,690	3,840	3,850
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	185	95	95
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	260	135	125
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	790	425	365
Kashmiri	275	140	140	5	5	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	15	10	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	35	15	20
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	100	55	45
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	5,800	2,825	2,975
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	70	40	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	90	50	45
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	340	190	150
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,180	615	565
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	15	10	0
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	55	35	25
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	1,110	570	540
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	8,890	4,120	4,770
Catalan	165	90	75	15	5	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	2,175	1,105	1,070
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	1,795	825	965
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	425	200	230
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	4,460	1,980	2,490
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	15	10	10
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	2,205	660	1,545
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	10	5	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	10	5	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	2,575	1,095	1,480
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	0	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	435	225	215
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	35	20	15
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	5
Ewe	370	185	190	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	10	5	5
Ga	440	200	245	10	5	5
Ganda	515	245	270	10	5	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	25	10	15
Lingala	375	175	200	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	40	20	20
Shona	680	325	355	30	15	10
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	85	45	40
Wolof	160	90	80	15	10	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	40	20	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	120	55	70
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	15	15	5
Dinka	45	25	15	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	15	10	5
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	195	110	90
American Sign Language	470	250	220	80	45	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	120	65	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	15,070	6,730	8,335
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	14,975	6,670	8,300
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	6,175	2,805	3,365
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	75	20	50
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	7,495	3,285	4,210
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	295	125	170
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	145	55	80
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	785	370	415
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	100	55	35
Burmese	1,005	450	555	40	25	15
Karenic languages	265	125	140	10	5	5
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	45	25	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	530	125	400
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	30	15	15
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	495	110	385
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	5	0	5
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	240	145	100
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	20	15	10
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	210	125	85
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	5	5	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	2,110	985	1,125
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	115	45	75
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	715	295	420
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	1,275	640	635
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	50	30	20
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	8,980	4,200	4,775
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	2,040	940	1,095
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	6,485	3,045	3,440
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	240	115	125
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	210	95	115
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	789,000	384,050	404,950
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	774,110	377,280	396,825
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	745,480	363,935	381,545
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	742,060	362,305	379,755
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	3,420	1,625	1,790
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	28,635	13,350	15,285
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	140	75	70
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	70	35	35
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	40	20	20
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	15	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	25	20	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	10	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	28,490	13,280	15,215
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	1,095	560	535
Berber languages	65	30	30	5	5	5
Kabyle	35	15	15	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	45	15	25
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	5	5	5
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	30	10	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	10	0	5
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	1,045	535	505
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	35	15	20
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	885	465	420
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	65	30	35
Maltese	875	395	475	5	5	5
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	45	20	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	1,260	600	655
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	140	70	70
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	1,120	535	585
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	2,105	905	1,195
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	80	35	45
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	25	15	10
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	70	25	45
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	15	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	5	0	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	1,885	820	1,070
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	20	5	10
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	15	5	5
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	10	5	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	180	95	85
Kannada	830	415	410	10	5	5
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	75	40	35
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	50	25	25
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	40	25	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	11,195	5,325	5,870
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	70	30	40
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,885	885	1,000
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	5	5	5
Latvian	600	245	355	5	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	5	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,875	885	990
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	5	5	0
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	70	35	35
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	210	100	110
Czech	1,415	685	730	170	85	85
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	10	10	5
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	425	205	220
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	680	315	365
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	75	35	40
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	35	20	20
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	45	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	35	15	20
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	110	45	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	10	5	5
Welsh	20	5	10	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	1,935	930	1,005
Afrikaans	265	125	145	195	95	105
Danish	135	65	75	65	30	35
Dutch	655	300	350	395	190	205
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	1,175	575	600
Icelandic	20	5	15	10	5	5
Norwegian	45	15	20	30	10	20
Swedish	220	100	120	50	20	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	10	5	5
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	105	50	55
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	4,555	2,205	2,350
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	3,965	1,915	2,050
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	85	45	45
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	70	35	40
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	280	150	135
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	5	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	10	5	5
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	40	20	20
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	3,220	1,530	1,685
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	30	15	10
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	200	100	95
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	580	285	295
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	5	0	0
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	25	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	550	270	285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	2,605	1,205	1,400
Catalan	80	40	45	5	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	335	145	195
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	520	235	280
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	130	55	75
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,620	770	850
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	795	325	470
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	5
Georgian	745	405	335	5	5	5
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	1,705	780	925
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	5	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	100	45	55
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	10	5	5
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	5	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	5	0	5
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	5	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	15	5	5
Shona	235	115	125	15	5	5
Swahili	1,225	540	690	20	10	10
Wolof	80	45	35	5	5	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	25	5	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	5	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	260	145	115
American Sign Language	720	375	345	65	35	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	190	105	85
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	9,240	4,240	5,000
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	9,195	4,215	4,980
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	3,365	1,555	1,815
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	15	5	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	5,205	2,365	2,840
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	95	40	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	70	35	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	445	220	225
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	40	25	20
Burmese	575	260	310	15	10	5
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	25	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	140	60	80
Lao	1,050	505	540	10	10	5
Thai	575	255	320	125	55	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	65	30	35
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	5	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	60	25	30
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	330	155	175
Estonian	650	240	410	20	10	15
Finnish	510	220	290	100	45	55
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	210	105	110
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	15	5	10
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	14,890	6,765	8,120
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	1,180	560	620
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	13,360	6,050	7,310
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	70	25	40
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	285	140	145
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	789,000	384,050	404,950
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	735,095	359,655	375,440
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	14,155	6,685	7,470
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	9,555	4,225	5,330
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	29,185	13,030	16,155
Aboriginal	480	205	275	1,655	750	910
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	27,530	12,285	15,240
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	100	50	55
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	325	160	170
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	575	245	330
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	671,835	324,380	347,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	651,200	314,510	336,685
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	34,130	41,154	28,973
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	651,970	315,075	336,895
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	30,668	36,117	26,707
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	593,310	289,620	303,690
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	30,736	38,065	25,034
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	476,145	211,195	264,955
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	7,420	8,155	6,993
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	470,065	237,350	232,720
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	28,588	34,262	24,385
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	671,880	324,365	347,510
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	651,155	314,605	336,550
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	44,485	52,659	36,845
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	651,930	315,150	336,780
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	37,459	43,223	32,064
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	593,305	289,700	303,605
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	42,150	50,947	33,757
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	475,965	211,275	264,695
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	8,317	8,555	8,128
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	470,065	237,580	232,480
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	38,805	45,618	31,843
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	671,880	324,370	347,510
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	183,715	101,390	82,325
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	51,737	58,211	46,307
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	59,137	65,515	51,281
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	86.3	89.0	82.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	63.3	66.1	59.5
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	13.7	11.0	17.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	671,835	324,380	347,455
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	20,635	9,870	10,765
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	651,200	314,510	336,685
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.9	97.0	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	84,555	35,770	48,785
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	112,760	44,025	68,740
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	93,885	37,930	55,955
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	80,555	35,585	44,975
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	69,080	32,485	36,595
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	53,480	27,655	25,825
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	40,895	24,170	16,725
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	31,730	19,290	12,445
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	23,715	14,945	8,765
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	16,835	10,845	5,990
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	43,700	31,815	11,890
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	30,825	22,170	8,660
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	12,875	9,645	3,225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	671,835	324,380	347,450
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	19,865	9,305	10,555
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	651,970	315,075	336,900
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	97.0	97.1	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	89,435	38,015	51,420
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	118,710	47,280	71,430
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	111,115	46,165	64,950
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	93,150	42,280	50,870
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	75,155	37,245	37,910
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	53,805	31,180	22,625
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	38,455	23,730	14,730
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	26,390	16,570	9,820
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	45,760	32,610	13,145
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	15,460	10,575	4,890
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	9,270	6,605	2,665
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	21,025	15,430	5,590
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	671,835	324,380	347,450
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	201,770	87,030	114,735
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	470,065	237,350	232,715
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	70.0	73.2	67.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	89,855	43,955	45,905
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	36,590	15,620	20,965
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	62,925	27,000	35,930
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	52,570	22,940	29,630
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	46,485	20,470	26,015
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	41,700	18,885	22,815
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	33,405	17,230	16,175
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	26,110	15,760	10,355
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	22,190	13,715	8,475
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	58,225	41,780	16,445
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	17,300	11,145	6,160
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	12,040	8,115	3,920
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	28,885	22,525	6,360
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	352,715	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	65,402	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	57,602	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	110,495	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	34,390	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	30,889	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	242,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	84,020	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	73,542	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	352,725	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	82,123	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	69,234	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	110,500	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	43,809	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	37,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	242,220	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	99,603	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	83,804	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	352,715	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	6,400	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	4,815	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	11,160	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	15,300	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	16,380	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	14,550	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	16,035	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	16,500	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	15,885	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	15,575	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	29,160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	26,450	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	24,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	21,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	18,820	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	99,585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	36,150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	23,755	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	23,615	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	16,065	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	352,715	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	6,825	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	4,905	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	11,350	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	15,925	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	18,925	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	17,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	19,315	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	19,220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	18,600	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	18,065	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	33,020	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	30,105	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	26,375	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	22,525	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	18,455	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	71,395	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	32,450	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	17,910	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	21,035	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	228,665	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	84,322	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	73,677	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	114,240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	79,534	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	69,693	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	76,255	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	110,215	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	94,763	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	31,850	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	48,330	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	44,380	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	228,760	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	99,911	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	83,831	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	114,225	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	95,667	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	79,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	76,425	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	123,837	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	103,503	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	31,705	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	57,605	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	50,761	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	155,285	72,720	82,565
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	30,365	31,392	29,657
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	27,637	28,242	27,213
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	154,860	72,355	82,500
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	39,463	41,493	37,683
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	33,858	35,035	32,826
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	779,590	379,415	400,180
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	398,200	188,090	210,110
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	91,095	44,045	47,045
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	79,855	35,935	43,925
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	74,855	34,950	39,905
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	74,930	35,590	39,335
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	77,470	37,570	39,895
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	381,390	191,325	190,065
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	78,230	38,340	39,890
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	79,250	39,555	39,695
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	79,895	40,205	39,685
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	78,070	39,660	38,410
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	65,945	33,565	32,380
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	761,425	370,245	391,180
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	126,165	64,350	61,810
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	39,555	20,090	19,465
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	463,670	223,885	239,785
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	171,590	82,010	89,580
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	113,365	52,635	60,735
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	24,300	12,605	11,695
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	7,825	4,040	3,780
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	68,775	31,800	36,980
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	20,290	8,225	12,060
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	14.9	14.2	15.5
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	19.3	19.6	18.9
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	19.8	20.1	19.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	14.8	14.2	15.4
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	11.8	10.0	13.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	64,590	31,700	32,885
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	12,130	6,240	5,885
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	3,730	1,945	1,790
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	48,310	23,640	24,670
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	4,155	1,815	2,335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	8.5	8.6	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	9.6	9.7	9.5
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	9.4	9.7	9.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	10.4	10.6	10.3
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.4	2.2	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	779,595	379,415	400,175
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	775,195	377,555	397,635
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	774,955	377,475	397,485
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	65,610	29,245	36,365
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	113,670	51,875	61,800
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	3,335	1,575	1,760
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	255	140	120
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	210	115	95
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	50	25	20
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	15	10	10
Woods Cree	15	10	0	15	0	15
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	130	75	60
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	55	35	20
Algonquin	15	10	10	10	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	45	35	15
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	90	40	50
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	80	35	40
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	15	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dene	10	0	10	20	0	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	25	10	15
Inuit languages	20	10	10	55	25	25
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	40	20	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	10	10
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	30	10	20
Salish languages	10	0	0	1,605	770	835
Comox	0	0	0	170	75	95
Halkomelem	0	0	0	765	375	395
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Straits	0	0	0	355	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	290	155	140
Siouan languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Dakota	10	0	0	0	10	0
Stoney	0	0	10	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	30	15	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	1,180	535	645
Haisla	0	0	0	10	0	10
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	90	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	530	230	295
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	540	255	280
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	85	35	45
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	110,405	50,325	60,085
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	3,055	1,720	1,335
Berber languages	245	135	110	10	10	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	15	10	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	130	55	80
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	30	10	20
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	95	40	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	10	0	10
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	2,905	1,655	1,250
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	150	65	90
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	2,200	1,325	875
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	10	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	465	215	245
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	85	40	40
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	80	30	50
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	30	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	2,575	1,235	1,340
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	280	165	115
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	2,305	1,075	1,230
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	7,790	2,695	5,100
Bikol	580	260	325	15	0	15
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	580	230	355
Fijian	50	20	30	45	30	15
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	125	30	95
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	445	150	290
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	465	175	295
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	30	10	20
Pangasinan	450	200	255	30	15	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	6,955	2,355	4,600
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	25	10	20
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	150	75	75
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	280	150	135
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	40	25	15
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	115	70	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	125	45	80
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	610	325	285
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	40	20	20
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	250	145	110
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	255	130	120
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	125	65	65
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	10	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	69,115	32,295	36,820
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	155	100	60
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	95	55	45
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	8,850	4,085	4,760
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	175	105	70
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	90	50	40
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	85	55	30
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	8,680	3,985	4,700
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	10	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	90	30	55
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	240	130	110
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	1,295	645	655
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	1,040	535	495
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	35	25	20
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	2,020	920	1,100
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	2,420	1,045	1,375
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	360	150	210
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	130	85	45
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	320	165	155
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	185	75	105
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	1,500	625	875
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	50	25	20
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	360	170	185
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	165	85	80
Welsh	235	115	125	135	65	65
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	70	20	45
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	25,600	11,990	13,615
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	1,355	685	665
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	1,520	670	850
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	5,500	2,595	2,910
Frisian	195	75	115	130	55	80
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	16,450	7,775	8,675
Icelandic	130	55	75	125	65	60
Norwegian	960	460	500	655	325	330
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	875	375	500
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	160	80	80
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	95	40	55
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	15	10	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	865	465	395
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	11,650	5,885	5,760
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	10,145	5,125	5,025
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	190	75	110
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	300	145	160
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	2,750	1,435	1,315
Kashmiri	475	240	235	10	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	25	15	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	65	40	20
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	150	50	95
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	7,870	3,925	3,945
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	85	35	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	95	45	45
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	725	405	325
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,505	760	750
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	25	15	10
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	40	30	10
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,470	730	740
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	110	75	35
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	24,540	11,000	13,535
Catalan	315	165	150	75	45	30
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	4,280	1,935	2,340
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	2,510	1,160	1,350
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	465	230	240
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	18,430	8,115	10,320
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	70	25	40
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	4,150	1,755	2,395
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	15	0	10
Georgian	1,465	740	725	15	0	10
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	2,785	1,265	1,525
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	10	0	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,055	530	525
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	25	15	10
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	0	0	10
Ewe	520	270	250	15	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	10	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	15	10	10
Ganda	865	410	455	45	20	25
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	95	45	50
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	30	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	70	30	40
Shona	1,175	515	655	95	65	25
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	385	185	205
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	10
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	150	80	70
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	220	105	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	35	20	15
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	35	15	15
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	1,535	545	990
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	765	235	525
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	785	310	465
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	16,760	7,625	9,135
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	16,685	7,595	9,095
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	7,220	3,345	3,875
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	90	35	50
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	9,970	4,430	5,545
Min Dong	710	285	425	10	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	425	145	275
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	160	65	100
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	780	340	435
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	75	35	35
Burmese	1,325	600	720	25	15	10
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	25	15	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	30	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	735	225	510
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	55	20	30
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	700	210	495
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	445	245	200
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	65	30	35
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	375	215	160
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	15	10	10
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	2,390	1,095	1,300
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	135	65	75
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	770	300	470
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	1,495	725	765
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	155	90	65
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	779,595	379,420	400,175
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	742,415	362,570	379,845
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	126,545	64,655	61,885
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	615,870	297,915	317,965
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	37,180	16,850	20,330
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	779,595	379,420	400,175
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	647,265	318,280	328,985
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	122,590	56,355	66,235
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	65,425	31,160	34,265
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	12,685	5,535	7,150
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	13,805	5,995	7,810
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	18,905	8,250	10,655
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	8,030	3,455	4,575
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	10,875	4,795	6,080
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	11,770	5,415	6,355
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	9,740	4,780	4,955
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	122,590	56,355	66,235
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	14,630	7,250	7,380
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	22,000	10,740	11,260
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	28,890	12,910	15,980
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	47,930	21,350	26,585
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	9,140	4,105	5,030
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	122,590	56,355	66,235
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	18,495	8,020	10,470
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	340	140	200
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	395	150	245
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	230	90	145
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	140	70	75
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	115	40	75
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	435	220	220
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	1,085	440	640
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	235	90	145
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	370	135	230
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	13,085	5,765	7,325
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	2,050	875	1,175
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	64,655	31,170	33,490
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	225	105	120
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	775	400	375
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	1,120	495	625
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	7,210	3,355	3,860
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	380	230	155
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	1,015	515	495
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	965	475	485
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	1,490	790	700
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	4,495	2,215	2,280
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	1,540	675	865
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	965	485	480
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	530	265	265
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	835	350	485
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	235	125	105
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	600	270	330
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	35,530	17,065	18,470
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	6,745	3,365	3,380
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	4,875	2,405	2,475
Algeria	1,240	650	595	20	15	10
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	270	170	100
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	225	90	130
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	310	125	180
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	150	95	50
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	200	100	100
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	55	30	30
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	2,325	1,125	1,200
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,330	660	670
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	31,910	13,505	18,405
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	75	45	30
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	105	50	50
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	7,095	3,025	4,070
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	1,520	720	800
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	5,615	2,765	2,855
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	1,090	540	550
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	120	70	50
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	1,270	295	970
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	1,845	815	1,035
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	190	115	70
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	490	255	240
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	6,415	2,190	4,225
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	175	80	100
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	265	135	135
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	885	345	540
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	1,800	785	1,015
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	2,950	1,280	1,670
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	2,650	1,255	1,395
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	11,770	5,415	6,355
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	1,750	790	960
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	90	50	40
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	65	10	50
Cuba	1,200	535	660	45	15	35
Haiti	865	415	450	0	10	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	25	15	15
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	230	105	130
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	1,055	485	575
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	220	110	110
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	2,180	1,130	1,045
France	1,400	675	725	80	40	45
Germany	915	490	420	260	100	160
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	70	40	30
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	10	10	10
Romania	1,490	590	900	55	30	20
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	135	50	90
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	115	30	85
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	1,010	625	385
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	440	215	225
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	635	320	320
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	25	0	20
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	45	30	15
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	10
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	30	20	15
Morocco	365	145	220	35	25	15
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	75	50	30
Somalia	1,155	555	600	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	205	90	115
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	210	105	105
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	6,975	3,015	3,960
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	10	0	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	35	15	20
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	1,390	610	775
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	75	50	25
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	775	435	340
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	190	95	95
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	30	15	20
Israel	1,665	880	785	30	20	10
Japan	965	265	700	165	45	120
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	635	260	375
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	25	15	10
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	65	15	50
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	105	45	55
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	2,595	1,035	1,560
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	45	20	20
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	10	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	200	90	110
Taiwan	760	300	460	125	40	85
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	20	10	0
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	25	15	15
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	105	35	75
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	325	135	195
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	235	155	80
Australia	1,005	615	390	150	105	45
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	90	55	30
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	779,595	379,420	400,175
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	139,315	64,785	74,530
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	166,290	81,045	85,245
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	473,990	233,590	240,400
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	59,330	26,275	33,055
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	30,915	14,535	16,380
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	13,510	7,515	5,990
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	17,405	7,020	10,385
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	23,440	9,115	14,330
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	4,435	2,370	2,065
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	545	260	285
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	779,595	379,415	400,175
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	60,850	29,200	31,645
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	59,240	28,530	30,705
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	41,170	19,925	21,245
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	17,660	8,415	9,245
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	405	190	215
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	890	430	460
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	720	240	475
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	718,745	350,215	368,530
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	779,595	379,420	400,175
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	33,780	16,300	17,480
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	745,815	363,120	382,700
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	779,595	379,420	400,175
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	23,520	11,820	11,700
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	23,270	11,705	11,560
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	21,290	10,635	10,655
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	1,880	1,025	855
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	100	45	55
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	250	115	135
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	205	90	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	35	15	20
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	46,265	21,790	24,480
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	44,120	20,855	23,260
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	29,090	13,795	15,295
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	14,530	6,790	7,740
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	500	270	230
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	2,150	935	1,220
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	2,065	895	1,170
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	55	30	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	709,810	345,810	364,000
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	779,595	379,420	400,175
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	73,010	34,000	39,010
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	15,130	7,670	7,460
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	21,315	9,805	11,510
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	5,540	2,855	2,685
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	9,095	3,485	5,610
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	3,790	1,725	2,070
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	1,925	1,165	755
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	4,420	1,975	2,440
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,400	715	685
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	3,070	1,395	1,675
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	4,210	1,740	2,475
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	890	435	455
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	2,230	1,045	1,185
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	706,585	345,415	361,170
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	779,595	379,415	400,175
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	69,785	33,605	36,180
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	52,730	25,465	27,265
Inuit	1,360	645	710	735	370	360
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	18,720	8,815	9,900
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	206,010	101,885	104,125
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	1,055	545	510
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	17,500	8,395	9,105
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	193,180	95,705	97,475
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	555	270	285
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	30	10	15
Ontarian	645	370	275	60	10	45
Québécois	1,570	780	785	500	220	275
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	90	25	65
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	619,595	299,870	319,720
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	472,030	227,980	244,045
Channel Islander	445	235	210	160	80	80
Cornish	205	105	95	220	135	85
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	307,365	147,210	160,150
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	157,355	72,105	85,250
Manx	815	475	345	600	270	330
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	213,060	101,255	111,805
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	29,985	14,095	15,890
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	30,130	13,980	16,150
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	86,815	39,960	46,855
Alsatian	355	140	215	65	40	30
Breton	60	35	20	50	25	25
Corsican	60	30	30	25	10	15
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	86,740	39,920	46,820
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	162,000	77,595	84,405
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	8,945	4,170	4,775
Bavarian	155	65	85	60	20	35
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	4,825	2,305	2,520
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	42,050	20,225	21,830
Flemish	910	430	475	540	250	290
Frisian	400	230	165	160	80	80
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	113,705	54,295	59,405
Luxembourger	305	145	155	135	40	90
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	5,935	2,905	3,030
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	195	95	105
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	78,230	36,975	41,255
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	14,385	6,805	7,580
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	7,955	3,695	4,260
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	6,065	2,910	3,150
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	30,745	14,535	16,210
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	23,410	10,800	12,615
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	3,930	1,975	1,955
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	98,750	46,785	51,960
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	470	225	245
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	355	165	185
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	4,040	1,925	2,110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	1,660	725	940
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	970	425	550
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	10,285	4,805	5,480
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	1,040	505	535
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	1,435	745	690
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	140	65	85
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	27,980	13,200	14,780
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	4,510	2,185	2,325
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	18,300	8,750	9,545
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	1,505	745	760
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	42,265	19,815	22,450
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	620	290	330
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	49,405	23,740	25,665
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	265	155	105
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	155	75	80
Catalan	160	105	60	25	20	10
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	3,500	1,805	1,690
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	45	20	30
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	3,590	1,680	1,905
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	25,795	12,610	13,190
Kosovar	485	255	225	10	0	10
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	180	90	95
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	810	385	425
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	50	30	15
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	5,575	2,695	2,880
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	1,090	535	555
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	140	55	85
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	835	430	405
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	8,550	3,755	4,800
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	1,360	620	740
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	85	55	30
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	6,300	3,125	3,175
Basque	815	400	415	180	90	80
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	2,855	1,390	1,465
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	230	80	155
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	145	70	75
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	2,930	1,510	1,420
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	3,530	1,620	1,915
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	35	10	25
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	20	15	0
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	295	130	165
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	115	55	55
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	245	90	160
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	80	25	55
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	65	20	40
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	150	80	70
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	1,495	730	765
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	10	10
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	135	60	75
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	15	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	440	200	235
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	45	20	25
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	345	130	215
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	210	120	90
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	7,955	3,575	4,380
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	400	195	210
Arawak	710	315	395	10	10	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	240	75	165
Belizean	355	170	185	30	10	20
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	45	20	25
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	500	200	295
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	885	405	480
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	610	255	355
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	150	65	80
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	130	60	70
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	190	95	95
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	270	130	140
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	130	60	65
Honduran	1,750	810	940	125	65	60
Maya	1,135	555	575	155	60	100
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	3,020	1,390	1,625
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	220	135	90
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	55	20	35
Paraguayan	305	140	160	35	15	20
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	345	135	210
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	360	155	210
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	25	15	10
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	155	70	85
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	380	175	200
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	8,510	4,355	4,150
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	840	440	400
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	10	10	0
Beninese	370	190	180	10	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	10	10	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	15	10	10
Chadian	185	95	90	30	20	10
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	80	30	45
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	100	55	50
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	30	15	15
Ivorian	615	285	330	25	0	25
Liberian	335	140	200	25	10	15
Malian	260	140	125	15	10	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	390	220	175
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	40	35	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	20	10	20
Togolese	315	205	105	10	15	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	15	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	115	65	50
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	1,220	680	540
Algerian	1,700	835	870	60	45	15
Berber	680	365	315	25	15	10
Coptic	1,815	935	885	0	0	0
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	515	290	230
Libyan	1,275	685	600	175	110	60
Maure	235	130	105	25	10	20
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	295	180	110
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	60	20	35
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	75	45	35
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	40	10	35
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	3,615	1,740	1,875
Afrikaner	340	175	170	205	115	90
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	10	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	0	0	10
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	70	30	40
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	275	125	155
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	255	125	130
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	40	20	20
Oromo	830	370	460	20	10	15
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	90	40	45
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	140	70	65
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	2,140	1,020	1,120
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	30	20	10
Tigrian	410	210	200	10	10	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	85	45	40
Zambian	385	195	190	40	15	20
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	120	70	50
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	200	105	95
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	2,940	1,525	1,415
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	405	185	215
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	2,585	1,365	1,220
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	68,765	31,680	37,085
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	6,745	3,440	3,300
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	175	100	80
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	575	345	230
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	420	210	205
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	45	25	20
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	85	40	40
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,990	970	1,020
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	140	90	50
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	235	115	120
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	115	70	45
Kazakh	975	445	530	50	20	35
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	40	35	10
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	15	10	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	10	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	1,155	580	580
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	180	85	95
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	325	230	100
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	635	290	340
Tajik	1,425	670	755	20	15	10
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	85	20	60
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	625	315	310
Turkmen	405	205	200	25	15	15
Uighur	545	255	290	25	15	10
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	10	10	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	20	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	245	140	110
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	16,095	8,170	7,925
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	85	40	45
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	65	30	30
Bhutanese	150	80	65	15	10	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	13,860	7,025	6,835
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	105	65	40
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	75	30	40
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	0	10	10
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	170	55	115
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	575	310	270
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	1,095	575	515
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	55	20	35
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	245	115	125
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	85	45	45
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	240	120	120
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	46,255	20,230	26,030
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	135	55	80
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	405	220	185
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	23,990	10,955	13,030
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	10,025	3,865	6,165
Hmong	55	25	30	15	15	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	740	320	420
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	5,035	2,100	2,940
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	3,160	1,450	1,710
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	120	65	55
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	440	145	300
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	170	85	85
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	70	35	35
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	640	250	385
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	810	240	575
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	35	15	15
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	2,955	1,360	1,600
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	60	15	50
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	320	165	155
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	320	170	155
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	5,485	2,650	2,835
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	2,885	1,345	1,535
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	1,240	680	560
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	1,490	695	800
Fijian	1,185	495	690	275	145	125
Hawaiian	225	115	115	695	300	400
Maori	200	105	90	255	105	145
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	115	60	60
Samoan	90	45	50	90	55	35
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	110	65	40
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	352,720	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	244,260	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	107,755	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	352,725	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	48,530	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	304,195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	352,720	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	3,325	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	49,820	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	102,045	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	114,870	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	82,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	352,720	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	101,140	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	56,930	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	51,775	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	42,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	100,315	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	352,720	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	349,970	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	2,755	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	352,720	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	341,725	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	11,000	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	352,725	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	67,580	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	110,135	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	53,665	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	56,575	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	19,145	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	27,255	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	18,365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	352,725	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	330,200	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	22,525	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	352,725	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	203,520	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	140,415	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	8,785	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	352,725	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	11,245	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	40,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	47,425	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	62,115	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	77,025	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	66,225	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	34,385	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	13,345	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	343,765	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	255,350	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	88,415	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	76,165	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	237,755	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	54.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	17.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	943	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,189	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	425,022	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	501,577	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	106,440	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	12.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	44.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	951	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,037	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	671,875	324,370	347,510
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	98,650	51,930	46,720
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	195,040	92,085	102,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	378,190	180,355	197,830
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	68,975	51,625	17,350
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	27,760	16,150	11,610
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	41,220	35,475	5,740
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	133,920	51,180	82,745
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	22,240	8,065	14,175
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	153,050	69,490	83,560
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	94,770	40,995	53,780
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	11,080	4,605	6,480
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	5,055	3,115	1,940
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	34,205	15,785	18,425
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	7,930	4,985	2,945
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	414,845	199,060	215,790
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	40,055	23,465	16,590
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	111,465	54,560	56,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	263,330	121,035	142,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	44,955	33,845	11,115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	18,145	10,625	7,520
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	26,815	23,220	3,590
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	95,905	36,540	59,365
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	14,645	5,425	9,225
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	107,815	45,230	62,585
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	68,860	28,290	40,575
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	7,315	2,790	4,530
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	3,410	1,775	1,635
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	24,025	10,125	13,905
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	4,200	2,260	1,940
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	671,880	324,365	347,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	293,695	144,015	149,680
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	30,180	8,030	22,150
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	30,180	8,030	22,145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	15,140	6,365	8,775
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	1,955	1,540	415
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	13,180	4,820	8,360
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	19,960	8,120	11,845
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	2,380	665	1,720
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	6,380	2,035	4,345
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	3,935	1,465	2,475
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	170	60	110
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	1,275	795	480
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	1,800	1,120	680
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	3,275	1,825	1,445
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	745	160	585
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	44,205	15,980	28,230
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	925	225	705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	3,350	1,250	2,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	7,580	735	6,845
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	6,390	2,195	4,195
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	930	340	580
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	8,335	2,630	5,710
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	16,700	8,610	8,090
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	64,810	22,755	42,060
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	105	40	65
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	6,585	1,765	4,820
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	58,115	20,950	37,170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	15,015	8,285	6,730
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	7,315	3,430	3,885
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	2,200	1,060	1,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	125	50	75
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	4,710	3,520	1,195
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	660	225	435
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	11,070	7,035	4,035
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	8,285	5,770	2,515
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	1,090	170	920
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	1,535	990	545
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	160	105	50
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	74,475	69,400	5,075
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	2,060	1,330	735
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	10,685	9,390	1,295
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	13,620	12,075	1,540
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	30	0	30
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	21,020	20,460	560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	17,890	17,375	520
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	9,165	8,765	400
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	11,545	7,585	3,960
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	5,245	2,925	2,315
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	6,300	4,655	1,645
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	65,825	12,665	53,160
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	4,065	1,945	2,120
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	60,190	9,720	50,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	1,565	1,000	570
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	25,900	14,125	11,775
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	15,530	5,220	10,310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	190	170	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	520	465	60
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	2,930	2,145	785
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	6,730	6,130	600
Other	335	95	235	70	25	50
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	70	25	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	414,850	199,060	215,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	151,520	78,030	73,495
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	17,665	4,205	13,460
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	17,665	4,205	13,460
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	10,955	4,410	6,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	1,270	930	340
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	9,690	3,480	6,205
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	13,010	5,110	7,895
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	1,545	380	1,170
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	4,115	1,295	2,825
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	2,810	1,030	1,780
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	100	45	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	785	480	305
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	1,040	600	440
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	2,210	1,230	985
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	390	60	335
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	32,505	10,750	21,755
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	700	140	555
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	2,740	945	1,790
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	5,765	570	5,195
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	4,780	1,330	3,450
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	780	295	480
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	5,535	1,500	4,035
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	12,210	5,965	6,245
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	46,190	15,635	30,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	70	25	45
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	4,750	1,100	3,655
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	41,365	14,505	26,860
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	10,020	5,020	5,000
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	5,295	2,340	2,955
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	1,530	685	840
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	80	30	50
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	2,755	1,865	890
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	365	100	260
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	8,710	5,700	3,015
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	7,190	5,095	2,090
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	635	95	540
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	775	425	345
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	115	75	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	49,580	45,560	4,020
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	1,410	780	635
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	6,980	5,895	1,085
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	8,780	7,645	1,130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	15	0	15
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	14,870	14,405	470
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	11,620	11,240	380
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	5,900	5,605	300
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	8,775	5,490	3,285
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	3,815	2,020	1,790
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	4,970	3,470	1,495
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	47,195	9,085	38,110
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	3,180	1,485	1,695
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	43,015	7,040	35,980
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	1,000	560	440
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	18,675	10,055	8,615
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	11,380	3,960	7,420
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	135	115	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	275	235	40
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	2,195	1,550	650
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	4,685	4,190	490
Other	285	80	205	50	15	40
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	55	15	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	671,880	324,365	347,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	293,690	144,010	149,680
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	378,190	180,355	197,830
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	324,495	154,080	170,415
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	230,005	107,595	122,405
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	94,495	46,480	48,010
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	53,690	26,280	27,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	14,030	7,275	6,755
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	3,670	1,100	2,570
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,775	915	860
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	13,840	7,420	6,415
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	2,135	875	1,260
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	500	215	285
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	17,735	8,470	9,265
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	414,845	199,060	215,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	151,520	78,025	73,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	263,325	121,030	142,295
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	232,465	107,505	124,960
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	172,860	78,625	94,235
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	59,605	28,885	30,725
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	30,860	13,530	17,335
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	7,510	3,535	3,975
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	3,235	955	2,280
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,335	605	730
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	5,475	2,710	2,775
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,845	765	1,075
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	340	135	200
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	11,125	4,825	6,305
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	671,880	324,370	347,510
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	403,195	205,385	197,800
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	375,600	189,630	185,980
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	27,590	15,765	11,825
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	268,690	118,980	149,705
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	60.0	63.3	56.9
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	55.9	58.5	53.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	6.8	7.7	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	671,880	324,365	347,505
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	245,815	107,890	137,925
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	426,060	216,480	209,580
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	189,845	105,305	84,540
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	236,215	111,175	125,040
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	41.6	41.8	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	403,190	205,390	197,805
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	7,150	3,680	3,465
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	396,045	201,710	194,340
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	334,610	165,705	168,905
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	61,435	36,000	25,435
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	403,190	205,390	197,800
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	7,145	3,680	3,465
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	396,045	201,705	194,340
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	42,755	25,170	17,585
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	56,085	14,565	41,515
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	26,380	20,735	5,645
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	31,235	6,880	24,350
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	49,995	17,185	32,815
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	13,885	5,725	8,155
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	98,310	41,295	57,020
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	55,960	52,790	3,170
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	13,105	10,600	2,500
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	8,340	6,760	1,580
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	403,190	205,385	197,805
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	7,145	3,680	3,465
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	396,045	201,705	194,340
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	13,640	10,130	3,505
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	2,925	2,630	295
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	1,295	1,050	245
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	32,090	28,660	3,430
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	17,945	13,845	4,095
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	7,810	5,580	2,240
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	49,290	22,655	26,640
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	16,480	12,210	4,260
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	7,385	4,175	3,210
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	11,255	4,170	7,090
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	7,605	3,940	3,665
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	27,650	15,075	12,580
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	345	140	205
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	18,365	10,620	7,740
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	29,470	9,610	19,860
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	53,455	10,970	42,490
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	10,130	4,880	5,250
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	34,980	14,785	20,205
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	17,770	7,370	10,395
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	36,155	19,220	16,935
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	375,600	189,625	185,975
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	34,590	16,255	18,335
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	1,425	930	495
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	54,325	40,680	13,640
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	285,265	131,755	153,510
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	285,260	131,755	153,510
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	128,070	55,720	72,355
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	134,990	63,040	71,950
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	19,140	10,700	8,445
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	3,065	2,295	765
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	339,590	172,440	167,145
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	245,735	126,515	119,225
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	18,435	8,090	10,345
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	23,040	9,750	13,290
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	28,700	12,755	15,945
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	14,255	8,880	5,370
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	9,420	6,450	2,965
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	339,585	172,440	167,150
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	127,945	59,210	68,740
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	124,030	62,615	61,415
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	50,305	27,950	22,355
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	17,795	9,825	7,975
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	19,505	12,840	6,665
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	339,585	172,435	167,150
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	18,410	13,015	5,390
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	53,405	33,395	20,005
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	90,750	47,715	43,030
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	81,930	33,810	48,120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	44,900	18,150	26,745
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	50,200	26,345	23,850
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	439,940	223,150	216,795
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	438,025	222,300	215,725
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	436,160	221,410	214,750
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	434,935	221,120	213,815
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	1,225	290	940
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	1,865	890	975
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	60	20	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	1,805	865	940
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	25	25	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	25	20	0
Amharic	55	20	35	0	10	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	20	20	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	220	105	115
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	25	15	10
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	195	90	105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	30	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	30	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	345	140	205
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	85	25	55
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	80	25	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	10
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	10	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	10	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	55	25	35
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	55	30	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	10	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	15	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	35	15	25
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	90	40	55
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	90	35	45
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	20	20	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	70	25	50
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	0	0	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	115	40	75
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	10	0	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	95	30	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	95	30	70
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	160	95	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	60	10	50
American Sign Language	245	80	170	55	10	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	805	440	365
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	805	445	365
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	400	225	170
Hakka	35	10	25	10	0	10
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	370	190	175
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	30	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	45	10	35
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	45	10	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	15	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	10	0	10
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	10	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,915	850	1,065
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	635	275	360
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	1,215	555	660
French and non-official language	85	45	40	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	55	15	35
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	439,940	223,145	216,795
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	427,590	217,680	209,910
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,750	560	1,185
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	5,065	2,460	2,605
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	5,205	2,295	2,915
Aboriginal	155	50	105	465	125	340
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	4,740	2,165	2,575
English and French	85	45	45	10	10	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	10	0	10
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	310	145	165
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	773,310	376,250	397,060
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	652,650	317,445	335,200
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	120,665	58,800	61,860
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	66,675	32,555	34,120
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	53,985	26,250	27,740
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	47,885	23,195	24,690
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	33,290	15,890	17,400
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	14,605	7,310	7,290
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	6,100	3,045	3,055
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	745,635	362,360	383,275
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	433,905	211,490	222,410
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	311,735	150,865	160,870
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	159,140	77,270	81,865
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	152,590	73,590	79,000
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	131,690	63,675	68,010
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	90,195	43,185	47,010
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	41,495	20,490	21,005
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	20,900	9,915	10,985