Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Burnaby, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Burnaby, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Burnaby, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	232,755	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	223,218	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	98,030	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	92,201	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	2,568.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	90.61	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	232,755	113,760	118,995
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	31,080	16,065	15,020
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	10,865	5,615	5,250
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	10,405	5,400	5,010
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	9,810	5,050	4,765
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	164,815	80,825	83,990
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	12,585	6,510	6,080
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	18,850	9,760	9,090
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	19,195	9,845	9,355
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	17,880	8,920	8,960
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	15,975	7,800	8,165
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	15,480	7,295	8,180
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	16,615	7,725	8,885
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	17,890	8,525	9,370
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	16,160	7,710	8,450
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	14,185	6,740	7,445
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	36,860	16,875	19,985
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	11,860	5,620	6,245
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	8,120	3,830	4,290
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	6,670	3,010	3,665
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	5,070	2,395	2,680
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	5,135	2,015	3,115
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	3,165	1,310	1,855
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	1,515	580	935
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	390	105	285
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	60	20	45
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	13.4	14.1	12.6
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	70.8	71.0	70.6
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	15.8	14.8	16.8
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.2	1.8	2.6
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.1	40.1	42.0
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	40.3	38.6	41.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	19,135	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	22,880	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	50,180	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	2,685	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	8,470	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	15,815	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	22,960	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	245	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	92,205	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	25,760	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	29,250	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	16,340	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	12,945	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	7,900	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	230,080	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	201,670	97,695	103,975
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	111,890	55,620	56,275
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	98,730	48,990	49,735
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	13,165	6,635	6,535
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	89,780	42,075	47,705
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	63,890	34,250	29,635
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	4,520	1,770	2,750
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	11,625	4,220	7,410
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	9,740	1,830	7,905
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	64,045	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	30,940	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	16,320	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	13,060	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	3,725	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	64,040	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	53,625	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	47,045	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	6,580	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	10,420	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	8,625	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	1,795	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	53,625	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	24,040	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	29,585	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	13,560	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	12,455	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	3,570	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	10,420	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	6,900	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	2,765	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	47,480	22,980	24,500
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	57,185	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	21,025	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	36,160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	3,305	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	31,710	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	25,760	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	5,950	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	230,930	112,935	118,000
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	202,685	100,785	101,905
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	110	50	60
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	12,155	5,560	6,595
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	15,985	6,545	9,435
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	230,935	112,935	118,000
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	211,730	104,790	106,940
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	1,775	925	845
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	1,645	765	880
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	15,780	6,450	9,335
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	2,600	1,315	1,290
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.1	1.2	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	230,930	112,935	118,000
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	222,230	108,750	113,480
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	93,495	48,940	44,555
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	91,850	48,090	43,765
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	1,645	855	785
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	128,740	59,815	68,925
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	70	25	40
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	25	5	20
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	20	10	10
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	5	0	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	5	0	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	20	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	15	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	5	5	0
Dene	5	5	5	10	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	10	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	128,675	59,785	68,885
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	2,575	1,345	1,230
Berber languages	220	130	90	25	15	10
Kabyle	105	60	50	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	10	10	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	170	85	85
Bilen	80	45	35	5	5	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	25	20	5
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	140	65	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	5	5	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	2,370	1,240	1,130
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	265	130	135
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,770	940	835
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	30	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	90	50	40
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5	5	5
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	195	95	100
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	15	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	2,440	1,100	1,340
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	70	40	30
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	2,375	1,065	1,310
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	9,335	3,810	5,525
Bikol	470	210	260	30	20	15
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	355	150	210
Fijian	55	25	25	35	15	15
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	170	50	120
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	420	170	255
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	660	280	375
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	85	35	50
Pangasinan	450	185	270	10	5	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	7,435	3,030	4,405
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	40	15	25
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	90	35	50
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	55	30	20
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	0	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	30	20	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	25	10	10
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	845	440	400
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	60	30	30
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	165	90	70
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	430	215	215
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	190	105	85
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	5	5	5
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	37,805	18,525	19,280
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	230	110	120
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	145	70	70
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	8,895	4,315	4,580
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	30	15	15
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	15	10	10
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	15	5	5
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	8,870	4,300	4,565
Belarusan	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	330	165	170
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	195	95	100
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	1,535	735	800
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	275	150	125
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	45	25	20
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	1,010	500	515
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	2,650	1,230	1,420
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	1,855	970	890
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	235	115	120
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	195	80	115
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	60	25	35
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	440	195	245
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	30	15	15
Celtic languages	460	210	250	15	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	10	5	10
Welsh	150	65	85	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	2,155	1,070	1,085
Afrikaans	985	475	510	55	30	25
Danish	1,570	710	855	125	60	65
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	330	160	170
Frisian	135	60	75	0	0	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	1,505	745	770
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	5	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	45	30	20
Swedish	1,140	485	660	75	40	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	10	5	0
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	5	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	475	235	245
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	15,075	7,525	7,550
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	10,405	5,060	5,340
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	480	255	230
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	1,515	705	810
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	2,040	960	1,085
Kashmiri	275	140	140	5	5	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	15	5	10
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	135	65	70
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	80	35	40
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	20	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	5,000	2,465	2,535
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	440	200	245
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	125	60	65
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	550	305	245
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	4,645	2,450	2,190
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	420	225	195
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	145	75	70
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	4,080	2,150	1,925
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	10,810	5,195	5,615
Catalan	165	90	75	10	5	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	3,975	1,935	2,040
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	1,825	890	935
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	825	415	420
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	4,165	1,950	2,215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	5
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	2,285	780	1,500
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	10	10	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	10	10	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	7,010	3,210	3,795
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	60	25	35
Mongolian	345	155	190	60	25	30
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	365	180	190
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	40	15	20
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	5	0
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	5
Ganda	515	245	270	10	5	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	20	15	5
Lingala	375	175	200	15	5	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	20	5	10
Shona	680	325	355	30	20	15
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	100	45	55
Wolof	160	90	80	5	0	5
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	30	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	95	40	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	65	35	30
Dinka	45	25	15	40	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	25	10	20
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	70	45	30
American Sign Language	470	250	220	35	20	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	35	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	64,125	29,515	34,610
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	63,975	29,435	34,540
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	27,375	12,645	14,730
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	380	165	215
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	32,295	14,830	17,470
Min Dong	765	370	395	35	20	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	1,745	780	960
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	780	360	425
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	1,325	625	695
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	35	10	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	150	80	75
Burmese	1,005	450	555	75	40	40
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	50	30	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	25	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	280	85	200
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	50	20	25
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	240	60	175
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	460	245	215
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	65	35	30
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	275	160	120
Uyghur	385	195	195	70	30	35
Uzbek	595	300	295	15	5	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	30	15	20
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	830	375	450
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	45	20	30
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	185	70	115
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	605	290	315
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	50	25	30
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	8,700	4,180	4,520
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	375	190	185
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	8,000	3,845	4,155
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	170	85	85
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	155	60	90
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	230,930	112,935	118,000
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	208,650	102,335	106,315
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	128,685	65,085	63,605
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	128,085	64,770	63,315
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	605	320	290
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	79,960	37,250	42,710
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	10	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	5	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	79,945	37,240	42,705
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	1,580	800	780
Berber languages	65	30	30	15	5	5
Kabyle	35	15	15	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	80	45	40
Bilen	40	15	20	5	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	15	15	5
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	60	30	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	5	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	1,480	750	730
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	170	90	80
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	1,100	565	535
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	25	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	5
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	45	25	20
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	130	60	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	1,305	585	715
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	25	10	15
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	1,280	575	700
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	3,935	1,690	2,240
Bikol	85	35	45	5	5	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	155	70	85
Fijian	10	10	5	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	30	10	20
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	135	55	80
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	235	105	130
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	15	10	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	3,305	1,410	1,890
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	20	5	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	30	15	15
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	20	5	10
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	10	0	5
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	490	250	240
Kannada	830	415	410	30	10	15
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	90	55	40
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	255	125	130
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	115	60	55
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	18,330	8,790	9,540
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	95	45	50
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	100	45	55
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	4,835	2,365	2,470
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	0	0	0
Latvian	600	245	355	0	0	0
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	0	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	4,835	2,365	2,470
Belarusan	125	60	65	5	0	5
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	190	95	100
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	115	50	60
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	655	315	340
Czech	1,415	685	730	85	45	40
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	30	10	15
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	420	200	220
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	1,835	890	945
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	1,170	600	560
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	100	50	50
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	80	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	10	5	5
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	150	70	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	5	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	5	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	230	100	125
Afrikaans	265	125	145	20	5	10
Danish	135	65	75	10	5	10
Dutch	655	300	350	30	15	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	155	65	90
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	5	0
Swedish	220	100	120	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	5	5	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	165	85	80
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	8,275	3,995	4,280
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	5,165	2,425	2,740
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	285	145	145
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	730	315	415
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	810	385	425
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	5	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	65	25	35
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	45	30	20
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	2,695	1,275	1,420
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	195	80	115
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	60	30	30
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	255	135	115
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	3,095	1,565	1,530
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	290	155	135
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	95	45	45
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	2,705	1,370	1,340
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	4,630	2,150	2,480
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	1,155	510	645
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	845	415	430
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	440	210	225
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	2,190	1,020	1,175
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	1,105	465	640
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	10	5	5
Georgian	745	405	335	10	5	5
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	5,430	2,530	2,900
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	20	10	10
Mongolian	200	100	95	15	15	5
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	120	55	60
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	5	5	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	5	5	5
Lingala	95	40	55	15	5	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	5	0	0
Shona	235	115	125	20	10	10
Swahili	1,225	540	690	25	10	15
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	40	10	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	25	20	5
Dinka	15	5	5	20	15	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	10	0	5
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	105	60	45
American Sign Language	720	375	345	45	25	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	60	35	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	46,825	21,670	25,155
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	46,730	21,615	25,115
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	18,670	8,535	10,135
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	130	55	75
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	25,855	12,060	13,795
Min Dong	240	105	135	15	10	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	790	370	425
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	470	220	245
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	780	365	420
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	95	50	45
Burmese	575	260	310	45	20	20
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	45	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	100	35	65
Lao	1,050	505	540	5	5	0
Thai	575	255	320	90	30	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	265	135	125
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	40	20	15
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	160	85	70
Uyghur	225	120	105	50	25	25
Uzbek	315	165	145	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	10	5	10
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	285	125	160
Estonian	650	240	410	10	5	10
Finnish	510	220	290	55	20	40
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	215	100	115
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	10	5	5
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	22,285	10,600	11,685
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	285	145	140
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	21,670	10,305	11,365
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	45	25	20
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	280	125	155
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	230,930	112,930	118,000
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	166,660	82,585	84,075
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	29,745	14,340	15,405
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	1,280	555	725
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	32,210	14,965	17,250
Aboriginal	480	205	275	55	25	30
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	32,155	14,940	17,220
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	105	40	65
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	680	310	370
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	220	125	95
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	20	5	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	199,025	96,635	102,390
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	190,860	92,800	98,055
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	28,900	33,872	25,109
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	191,170	93,090	98,085
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	26,533	30,019	23,866
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	168,775	83,250	85,530
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	29,595	35,283	24,751
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	136,845	59,775	77,070
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	1,600	768	2,631
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	138,290	70,240	68,050
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	32,497	37,455	28,060
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	199,025	96,595	102,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	190,915	92,770	98,145
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	40,192	46,589	34,145
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	191,245	93,080	98,165
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	33,856	38,260	29,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	168,935	83,475	85,455
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	40,816	47,936	33,861
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	136,805	59,685	77,120
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	5,687	5,368	5,934
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	138,290	70,485	67,805
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	41,993	48,571	35,155
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	199,025	96,595	102,430
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	58,885	32,935	25,950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	53,370	58,891	48,721
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	62,793	68,972	54,952
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	89.8	92.5	86.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	75.8	79.1	71.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	10.2	7.5	13.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	199,025	96,630	102,395
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	8,165	3,830	4,330
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	190,860	92,800	98,055
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.9	96.0	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	38,620	17,095	21,525
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	34,885	15,030	19,860
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	24,160	10,600	13,565
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	20,115	9,225	10,885
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	17,755	8,355	9,400
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	14,000	7,040	6,960
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	10,600	5,855	4,745
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	7,915	4,550	3,365
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	6,075	3,625	2,450
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	4,340	2,650	1,690
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	12,395	8,780	3,615
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	8,740	6,015	2,735
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	3,650	2,770	880
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	199,025	96,635	102,390
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	7,855	3,550	4,310
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	191,170	93,085	98,080
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.1	96.3	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	39,770	17,895	21,875
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	36,420	15,865	20,560
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	28,450	12,765	15,680
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	23,580	10,895	12,680
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	19,850	9,695	10,160
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	13,875	7,530	6,350
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	9,640	5,525	4,115
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	6,745	4,030	2,720
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	12,835	8,885	3,950
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	4,310	2,790	1,520
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	2,580	1,745	835
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	5,945	4,355	1,590
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	199,025	96,630	102,390
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	60,735	26,390	34,345
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	138,290	70,245	68,050
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	69.5	72.7	66.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	19,460	8,725	10,735
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	10,905	4,820	6,085
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	19,260	8,940	10,320
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	15,740	7,385	8,355
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	14,775	6,965	7,815
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	13,770	6,505	7,260
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	11,000	5,665	5,330
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	8,380	4,755	3,625
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	6,415	3,750	2,670
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	18,580	12,725	5,855
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	5,110	3,115	2,000
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	3,630	2,335	1,295
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	9,840	7,280	2,555
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	64,737	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	57,107	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	25,760	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	34,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	30,804	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	66,445	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	81,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	72,129	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	83,223	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	70,225	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	25,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	43,084	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	36,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	66,435	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	98,790	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	83,351	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	92,205	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	4,470	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	1,815	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	2,910	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	4,120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	3,780	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	3,970	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	3,815	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	3,725	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	3,655	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	3,700	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	6,990	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	6,375	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	5,795	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	5,150	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	4,440	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	27,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	8,870	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	6,340	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	6,705	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	5,580	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	92,200	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	4,645	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	1,835	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	2,945	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	4,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	4,220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	4,755	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	4,425	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	4,445	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	4,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	4,295	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	7,930	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	7,045	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	6,220	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	5,240	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	4,465	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	20,965	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	8,635	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	4,990	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	7,335	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	62,365	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	82,751	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	72,880	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	20,515	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	74,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	65,107	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	29,550	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	102,961	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	89,772	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	9,420	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	51,723	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	47,281	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	62,325	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	100,038	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	84,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	20,585	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	89,292	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	74,636	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	29,530	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	120,206	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	100,979	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	9,370	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	63,627	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	55,138	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	40,035	20,180	19,850
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	26,642	27,868	25,506
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	24,965	25,727	24,253
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	39,965	20,085	19,875
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	35,992	37,550	34,419
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	30,641	31,672	29,600
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	230,080	112,680	117,395
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	122,270	58,820	63,450
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	36,590	17,855	18,735
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	24,515	11,485	13,030
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	20,755	9,935	10,820
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	20,060	9,665	10,400
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	20,350	9,885	10,470
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	107,810	53,860	53,945
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	20,805	10,220	10,585
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	20,910	10,395	10,515
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	21,885	10,840	11,045
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	22,840	11,445	11,395
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	21,365	10,960	10,400
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	230,080	112,685	117,400
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	37,745	19,500	18,245
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	12,940	6,710	6,235
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	157,690	77,100	80,595
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	34,645	16,085	18,560
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	47,315	22,685	24,630
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	8,455	4,420	4,035
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	2,815	1,470	1,345
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	31,820	15,240	16,585
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	7,035	3,030	4,010
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	20.6	20.1	21.0
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	22.4	22.7	22.1
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	21.8	21.9	21.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	20.2	19.8	20.6
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	20.3	18.8	21.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	40,895	19,870	21,030
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	6,915	3,600	3,315
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	2,245	1,170	1,080
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	29,540	14,430	15,115
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	4,445	1,840	2,605
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	17.8	17.6	17.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	18.3	18.5	18.2
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	17.3	17.4	17.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	18.7	18.7	18.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	12.8	11.4	14.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	230,080	112,685	117,395
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	214,175	106,155	108,025
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	214,070	106,105	107,960
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	12,260	5,685	6,575
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	149,515	70,250	79,265
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	115	30	85
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	60	20	35
Blackfoot	10	0	0	10	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	50	20	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	15	10	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	10	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	25	0	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	0	0	10
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	10	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	10
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	10	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	30	0	25
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	15
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	149,405	70,225	79,185
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	3,335	1,680	1,650
Berber languages	245	135	110	10	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	235	90	145
Bilen	85	50	35	15	0	15
Oromo	1,390	590	800	30	0	20
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	195	80	110
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	3,120	1,595	1,520
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	390	200	190
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	2,335	1,225	1,115
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	45	10	35
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	260	135	125
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	10	0	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	280	145	135
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	30	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	15	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	3,185	1,550	1,635
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	55	25	35
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	3,140	1,530	1,610
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	11,830	5,010	6,820
Bikol	580	260	325	80	35	45
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	530	240	290
Fijian	50	20	30	60	45	15
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	155	70	80
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	640	245	395
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	1,130	530	600
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	90	40	50
Pangasinan	450	200	255	55	20	25
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	10,335	4,285	6,050
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	35	15	20
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	130	60	65
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	160	90	70
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	70	50	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	85	45	45
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	1,340	635	700
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	75	45	30
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	275	150	130
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	745	345	400
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	330	150	180
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	48,835	23,940	24,895
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	290	145	145
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	215	110	100
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	10,370	5,205	5,160
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	35	25	10
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	15	0	10
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	25	15	0
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	10,345	5,185	5,160
Belarusan	945	495	450	30	15	15
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	485	240	245
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	155	75	85
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	2,335	1,190	1,140
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	330	180	150
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	70	40	30
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	1,260	600	655
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	3,510	1,675	1,835
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	2,225	1,195	1,035
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	250	145	105
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	240	110	130
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	80	50	30
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	740	335	405
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	15	0	10
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	60	55	10
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	35	25	10
Welsh	235	115	125	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	20	20	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	3,450	1,765	1,690
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	155	85	75
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	155	85	70
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	375	185	185
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	2,505	1,310	1,205
Icelandic	130	55	75	10	10	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	90	45	45
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	230	100	130
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	15	15	0
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	15	15	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	10	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	630	295	335
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	19,820	9,765	10,055
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	14,675	7,085	7,585
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	520	230	290
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	2,710	1,215	1,495
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	5,650	2,700	2,950
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	25	10	15
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	235	120	120
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	100	40	60
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	10	10	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	6,785	3,415	3,370
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	975	415	560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	220	115	100
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	1,020	600	420
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	5,315	2,775	2,545
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	395	205	185
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	205	115	85
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	4,970	2,590	2,385
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	40	10	25
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	15,430	7,360	8,075
Catalan	315	165	150	15	0	15
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	5,760	2,750	3,015
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	2,175	1,040	1,145
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	910	470	435
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	7,330	3,495	3,835
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	10	10	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	3,900	1,710	2,190
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	7,555	3,440	4,115
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	45	25	15
Mongolian	445	190	255	45	30	20
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	810	395	415
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	35	30	10
Bamanankan	200	110	90	15	10	10
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	0	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	30	15	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	10	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	25	10	20
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	15	0	0
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	45	20	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	30	10	20
Shona	1,175	515	655	45	35	15
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	420	195	215
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	65	25	40
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	165	70	95
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	70	25	40
Dinka	85	65	25	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	60	25	30
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	390	205	190
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	215	90	125
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	190	125	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	70,470	32,790	37,675
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	70,335	32,730	37,600
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	33,515	15,445	18,070
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	430	220	210
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	43,655	19,995	23,660
Min Dong	710	285	425	10	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	2,510	1,060	1,445
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	895	400	495
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	1,315	590	725
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	185	85	100
Burmese	1,325	600	720	80	35	45
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	55	25	35
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	50	20	30
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	420	175	245
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	85	30	50
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	370	150	215
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	765	400	360
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	125	65	60
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	540	290	250
Uyghur	490	225	265	65	30	30
Uzbek	815	440	375	10	0	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	45	25	15
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	965	385	580
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	60	20	35
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	190	50	135
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	725	310	415
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	100	60	40
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	230,080	112,685	117,395
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	189,775	93,985	95,790
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	33,760	17,565	16,195
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	156,015	76,420	79,595
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	40,305	18,700	21,610
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	230,080	112,680	117,395
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	102,205	53,330	48,875
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	115,145	53,120	62,025
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	23,205	11,185	12,015
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	13,340	6,050	7,290
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	31,285	14,475	16,810
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	31,250	14,115	17,130
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	14,965	6,875	8,090
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	16,280	7,240	9,045
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	16,065	7,290	8,775
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	12,730	6,235	6,495
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	115,145	53,120	62,025
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	8,305	4,205	4,095
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	19,075	9,900	9,175
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	22,525	10,315	12,220
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	51,140	22,090	29,050
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	14,095	6,605	7,485
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	115,145	53,120	62,025
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	6,135	2,870	3,260
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	290	125	165
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	355	150	205
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	485	230	260
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	90	50	45
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	20	15	10
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	220	120	100
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	800	330	470
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	370	180	190
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	165	70	95
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,690	845	845
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,655	775	880
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	17,125	8,495	8,635
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	1,100	535	565
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	1,065	525	540
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	250	125	125
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	840	425	415
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	320	175	140
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	425	195	235
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	190	100	90
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	2,860	1,470	1,390
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	270	130	135
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	960	445	515
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	665	325	340
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	785	375	410
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	1,255	580	670
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	845	450	395
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	620	270	350
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	2,485	1,255	1,225
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	2,210	1,110	1,100
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	4,605	2,095	2,510
Algeria	1,240	650	595	40	20	20
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	250	120	130
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	335	185	150
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	825	335	490
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	90	60	30
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	70	35	35
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	140	45	95
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	375	200	170
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	2,480	1,090	1,395
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	85,610	38,895	46,710
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	1,045	535	515
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	290	120	165
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	28,600	12,835	15,760
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	10,540	4,780	5,755
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	6,165	2,975	3,195
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	3,040	1,585	1,455
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	470	240	230
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	1,470	475	995
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	5,765	2,600	3,165
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	250	155	95
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	680	375	310
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	10,325	4,275	6,060
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	450	235	220
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	320	170	150
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	7,660	3,460	4,200
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	2,910	1,420	1,490
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	5,620	2,675	2,945
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	1,665	765	900
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	16,065	7,285	8,775
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	895	425	470
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	75	30	40
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	50	30	20
Cuba	1,200	535	660	10	10	0
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	45	30	15
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	255	110	140
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	240	105	135
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	35	20	20
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	190	95	95
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,600	775	825
France	1,400	675	725	40	10	30
Germany	915	490	420	45	35	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	60	35	30
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	35	25	10
Romania	1,490	590	900	75	30	40
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	295	120	175
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	190	65	125
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	140	75	65
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	720	380	345
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	740	365	375
Algeria	205	95	115	20	10	10
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	10	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	65	35	30
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	145	80	65
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	135	80	50
Morocco	365	145	220	30	15	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	15	10	10
Somalia	1,155	555	600	60	15	45
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	45	15	25
Tunisia	125	90	40	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	205	95	110
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	12,760	5,690	7,070
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	215	95	115
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	80	40	40
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	5,170	2,315	2,860
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	195	95	100
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	1,095	515	580
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	970	490	480
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	130	75	65
Israel	1,665	880	785	25	15	20
Japan	965	265	700	210	50	160
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	1,045	420	630
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	20	10	10
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	20	10	15
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	135	80	55
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	1,960	840	1,120
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	35	0	20
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	45	20	30
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	210	115	95
Taiwan	760	300	460	335	130	205
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	50	30	20
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	25	15	15
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	170	60	110
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	600	275	325
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	70	35	35
Australia	1,005	615	390	30	15	20
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	35	20	15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	230,080	112,685	117,395
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	129,295	60,050	69,245
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	57,100	29,665	27,430
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	43,685	22,970	20,715
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	93,450	42,715	50,735
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	58,640	27,990	30,650
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	22,205	13,065	9,150
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	36,430	14,930	21,500
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	23,225	8,860	14,360
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	9,610	4,990	4,620
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	1,975	870	1,105
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	230,080	112,680	117,395
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	4,195	1,955	2,245
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	4,010	1,860	2,150
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	2,615	1,230	1,385
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	1,365	610	755
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	35	20	20
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	100	45	55
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	90	55	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	225,885	110,730	115,155
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	230,075	112,685	117,395
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	2,010	920	1,090
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	228,070	111,765	116,305
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	230,080	112,680	117,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	945	450	495
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	935	445	490
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	735	330	400
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	180	100	85
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	3,905	1,870	2,035
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	3,730	1,800	1,930
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	2,650	1,305	1,340
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	1,065	490	580
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	175	65	105
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	165	65	100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	225,225	110,365	114,865
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	230,080	112,685	117,395
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	146,310	69,560	76,755
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	18,735	9,160	9,575
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	78,025	36,900	41,125
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	3,670	1,835	1,835
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	13,000	5,795	7,200
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	4,630	2,125	2,505
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	1,700	915	785
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	4,620	2,225	2,400
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	4,960	2,605	2,350
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	7,790	3,580	4,205
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	3,655	1,580	2,070
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	690	370	320
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	4,840	2,465	2,380
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	83,765	43,125	40,645
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	230,080	112,685	117,400
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	4,850	2,320	2,535
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	3,565	1,705	1,855
Inuit	1,360	645	710	55	30	25
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	1,430	655	775
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	21,535	11,350	10,185
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	55	40	15
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	1,915	915	1,000
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	20,105	10,590	9,515
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	70	60	10
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	0	0	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	0	0	10
Québécois	1,570	780	785	40	30	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	20	10	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	85,375	43,470	41,905
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	42,250	21,935	20,315
Channel Islander	445	235	210	25	10	10
Cornish	205	105	95	10	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	25,130	12,825	12,305
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	15,395	7,910	7,485
Manx	815	475	345	80	35	45
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	18,400	9,345	9,055
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	2,545	1,220	1,315
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	3,245	1,745	1,505
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	8,730	4,225	4,510
Alsatian	355	140	215	0	0	0
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	10	0	10
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	8,730	4,220	4,505
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	17,760	9,075	8,690
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	1,350	655	700
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	380	225	150
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	3,800	1,935	1,860
Flemish	910	430	475	50	15	35
Frisian	400	230	165	0	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	12,910	6,575	6,330
Luxembourger	305	145	155	25	30	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	695	340	355
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	30	10	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	7,015	3,470	3,545
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	1,180	535	640
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	940	445	495
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	555	325	230
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	2,440	1,175	1,265
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	2,255	1,090	1,165
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	310	180	130
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	18,125	9,060	9,065
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	260	140	115
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	190	110	80
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	735	360	375
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	150	75	75
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	200	100	100
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,995	990	1,010
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	115	70	50
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	175	90	90
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	80	45	35
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	4,695	2,365	2,330
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	1,355	645	710
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	4,615	2,215	2,400
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	455	230	230
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	6,750	3,410	3,340
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	80	35	50
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	26,210	13,270	12,945
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	260	130	135
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	755	380	370
Catalan	160	105	60	10	10	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	3,225	1,690	1,535
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	30	10	20
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	1,150	580	570
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	12,645	6,440	6,205
Kosovar	485	255	225	100	50	50
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	150	90	55
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	70	20	50
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	125	65	60
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	3,015	1,525	1,490
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	2,480	1,370	1,115
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	10	0	10
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	415	200	220
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	3,980	1,830	2,160
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	285	140	145
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	50	25	20
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,265	655	615
Basque	815	400	415	20	0	15
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	695	405	290
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	30	0	25
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	70	40	30
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	460	210	250
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	1,505	770	735
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	10	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	30	20	10
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	80	45	35
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	10	10	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	125	60	65
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	60	30	30
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	45	20	25
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	40	20	15
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	565	280	280
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	15	0	10
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	25	10	10
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	250	125	120
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	45	20	30
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	145	80	60
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	130	65	65
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	5,620	2,725	2,905
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	165	95	70
Arawak	710	315	395	15	10	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	100	45	50
Belizean	355	170	185	10	0	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	20	0	15
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	470	205	265
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	520	240	280
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	570	290	280
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	60	35	25
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	140	65	75
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	325	175	150
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	145	95	50
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	155	75	80
Honduran	1,750	810	940	230	115	115
Maya	1,135	555	575	45	15	30
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	1,450	665	780
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	175	65	110
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	10	10	10
Paraguayan	305	140	160	15	10	15
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	415	215	210
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	575	280	295
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	15	10	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	170	80	90
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	310	160	150
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	4,510	2,275	2,235
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	545	305	240
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	25	10	15
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	10	0	0
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	110	45	65
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	20	10	10
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	120	80	35
Guinean	680	335	340	45	20	25
Ibo	1,495	775	720	10	0	10
Ivorian	615	285	330	0	0	0
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	20	10	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	135	75	60
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	15	20	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	20	15	10
Togolese	315	205	105	20	10	10
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	15	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	35	10	30
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	765	385	385
Algerian	1,700	835	870	95	50	40
Berber	680	365	315	15	0	10
Coptic	1,815	935	885	10	10	10
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	275	125	150
Libyan	1,275	685	600	0	10	0
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	160	95	70
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	175	70	110
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	40	25	15
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	20	15	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,055	1,000	1,050
Afrikaner	340	175	170	10	0	10
Amhara	500	240	260	35	20	15
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	75	40	30
Burundian	710	385	325	0	0	0
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	255	115	135
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	320	150	170
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	225	120	105
Malagasy	180	75	100	15	10	10
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	65	45	25
Oromo	830	370	460	35	25	10
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	55	25	30
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	245	100	145
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	220	115	105
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	105	40	65
Tigrian	410	210	200	90	45	45
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	150	70	80
Zambian	385	195	190	15	0	10
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	50	25	20
Zulu	205	100	110	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	230	120	105
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,225	635	595
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	140	75	70
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,100	560	535
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	138,385	65,830	72,550
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	8,935	4,695	4,240
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	1,555	805	755
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	390	200	185
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	375	200	180
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	85	55	35
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	25	15	15
Hazara	515	280	235	30	15	10
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	3,835	1,995	1,840
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	555	305	250
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	110	70	35
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	55	35	25
Kazakh	975	445	530	60	40	25
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	305	165	140
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	15	10	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	35	15	20
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	525	290	235
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	255	125	130
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	45	25	20
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	80	45	35
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	265	125	140
Tajik	1,425	670	755	35	10	25
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	140	70	75
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	500	255	250
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	55	25	25
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	45	30	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	130	80	50
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	18,875	9,275	9,600
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	180	80	100
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	95	35	55
Bhutanese	150	80	65	15	0	10
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	16,050	7,875	8,175
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	20	10	10
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	165	65	100
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	30	15	20
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	120	45	75
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	790	425	370
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	950	460	490
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	30	20	10
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	535	275	260
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	110	60	55
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	670	330	345
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	111,440	52,315	59,130
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	170	75	85
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	105	45	60
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	79,775	37,890	41,885
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	14,290	6,485	7,805
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	730	345	380
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	4,750	2,120	2,630
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	8,170	3,730	4,445
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	115	50	70
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	680	300	385
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	130	85	40
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	115	55	60
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	4,050	1,830	2,220
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	350	135	215
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	60	35	30
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	4,050	2,050	2,000
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	90	40	50
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	180	100	80
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	180	100	80
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	1,570	820	745
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	380	220	160
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	155	95	65
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	1,040	505	530
Fijian	1,185	495	690	845	400	445
Hawaiian	225	115	115	70	35	35
Maori	200	105	90	50	25	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	15	15	0
Samoan	90	45	50	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	55	35	20
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	57,220	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	34,980	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	92,205	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	34,665	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	57,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	1,330	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	20,800	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	29,710	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	17,795	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	22,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	92,200	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	47,300	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	11,905	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	8,540	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	6,330	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	18,130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	88,175	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	4,025	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	92,200	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	83,610	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	8,595	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	12,375	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	25,905	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	14,410	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	14,510	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	6,450	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	10,090	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	8,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	92,205	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	86,195	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	6,005	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	92,200	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	53,655	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	34,035	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	4,505	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	92,205	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	4,790	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	14,235	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	15,950	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	19,030	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	17,450	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	11,480	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	6,625	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	2,640	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	92,025	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	59,925	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	32,105	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	23,845	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	57,210	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	55.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	28.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,208	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,483	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	799,080	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	961,174	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	34,985	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	14.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	45.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,171	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	199,025	96,595	102,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	25,535	11,995	13,540
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	56,210	27,220	28,995
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	117,275	57,380	59,895
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	11,550	8,140	3,415
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	5,565	3,180	2,385
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	5,985	4,955	1,025
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	33,125	14,770	18,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	7,920	3,395	4,525
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	64,675	31,075	33,600
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	44,540	20,875	23,665
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	4,285	1,835	2,450
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	1,375	700	675
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	12,405	6,260	6,145
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	2,065	1,400	665
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	132,950	64,125	68,820
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	9,235	4,720	4,515
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	29,940	14,495	15,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	93,775	44,910	48,865
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	7,625	5,355	2,270
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	3,740	2,140	1,600
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	3,885	3,215	665
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	25,515	11,380	14,135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	6,000	2,490	3,510
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	54,635	25,685	28,950
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	37,230	17,210	20,025
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	3,540	1,440	2,095
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	1,105	525	580
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	11,090	5,435	5,660
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	1,675	1,080	590
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	199,020	96,595	102,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	81,745	39,210	42,535
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	6,120	1,290	4,825
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	6,120	1,295	4,825
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	6,090	2,885	3,205
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	1,155	905	245
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	4,940	1,985	2,960
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	7,085	2,460	4,625
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	1,255	225	1,035
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	2,015	625	1,390
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,285	845	1,440
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	25	10	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	260	140	125
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	380	235	140
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	680	330	355
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	185	40	140
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	14,585	5,650	8,940
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	205	45	160
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	1,685	640	1,045
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	1,835	200	1,640
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,890	645	1,250
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	190	40	150
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	2,315	755	1,560
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	6,465	3,325	3,140
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	28,085	11,785	16,300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	55	20	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	775	190	585
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	27,255	11,570	15,680
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	6,220	3,225	2,995
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	2,330	1,050	1,280
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,630	780	860
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	75	20	50
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	2,055	1,340	720
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	130	45	85
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	7,670	5,145	2,525
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	6,215	4,500	1,720
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	295	25	270
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	1,095	585	510
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	60	40	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	21,605	18,630	2,975
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	795	530	265
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	9,320	7,300	2,020
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	3,655	3,190	460
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	3,360	3,310	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	3,210	3,100	105
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	1,270	1,200	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	1,560	845	715
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,050	505	540
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	515	340	175
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	13,720	3,290	10,435
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,030	590	440
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	12,240	2,470	9,765
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	460	230	225
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	4,515	2,170	2,355
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	3,360	1,195	2,160
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	385	300	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	750	650	100
Other	335	95	235	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	132,945	64,125	68,820
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	39,170	19,215	19,955
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	4,315	810	3,505
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	4,315	810	3,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	4,785	2,225	2,560
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	915	720	200
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	3,870	1,510	2,355
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	5,645	1,890	3,760
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	1,020	160	865
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	1,615	495	1,125
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,845	660	1,185
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	20	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	175	105	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	300	195	105
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	520	235	280
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	150	40	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	11,960	4,570	7,400
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	160	35	125
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,405	515	895
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	1,425	150	1,280
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,590	495	1,095
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	160	40	115
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	1,935	620	1,315
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	5,280	2,715	2,565
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	23,285	9,485	13,800
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	40	15	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	665	145	520
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	22,580	9,325	13,255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	4,865	2,475	2,390
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	1,875	845	1,035
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	1,245	550	695
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	70	15	50
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,565	1,020	545
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	115	40	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	6,900	4,680	2,220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	5,765	4,185	1,580
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	220	10	210
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	860	450	410
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	55	35	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	16,520	13,890	2,625
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	635	410	225
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	7,795	5,960	1,835
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	2,705	2,325	375
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	2,300	2,255	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	2,330	2,245	85
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	760	700	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,295	675	620
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	860	395	470
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	435	280	155
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	10,935	2,600	8,335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	760	425	335
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	9,835	2,015	7,820
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	345	160	180
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	3,260	1,610	1,650
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	2,415	910	1,505
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	325	245	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	515	450	70
Other	285	80	205	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	199,020	96,595	102,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	81,745	39,215	42,530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	117,275	57,385	59,895
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	74,660	37,480	37,175
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	63,750	31,630	32,120
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	10,910	5,845	5,060
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	42,620	19,905	22,715
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	3,325	1,910	1,415
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	5,030	1,815	3,215
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	2,485	1,165	1,320
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	1,985	1,070	915
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	9,755	4,465	5,285
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	250	150	105
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	19,795	9,335	10,465
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	132,945	64,125	68,820
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	39,170	19,210	19,955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	93,775	44,910	48,865
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	59,865	29,900	29,965
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	51,155	25,195	25,955
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	8,710	4,700	4,010
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	33,910	15,010	18,900
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	2,620	1,465	1,155
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	4,355	1,525	2,825
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,980	840	1,135
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	1,380	700	675
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	8,130	3,640	4,490
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	215	130	80
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	15,240	6,710	8,525
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	199,025	96,595	102,430
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	125,815	65,605	60,210
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	117,815	61,570	56,245
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	8,005	4,035	3,970
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	73,210	30,995	42,215
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	63.2	67.9	58.8
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	59.2	63.7	54.9
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	6.4	6.2	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	199,025	96,595	102,430
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	69,790	29,410	40,375
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	129,240	67,190	62,050
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	60,735	34,195	26,540
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	68,500	32,990	35,510
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.1	42.8	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	125,815	65,605	60,210
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	2,870	1,315	1,555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	122,945	64,285	58,655
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	108,355	55,065	53,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	14,585	9,220	5,365
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	125,815	65,605	60,215
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	2,870	1,315	1,555
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	122,945	64,285	58,660
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	12,790	7,970	4,825
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	22,840	7,775	15,060
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	12,180	9,590	2,595
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	7,595	1,790	5,800
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	12,305	3,910	8,395
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	5,175	2,885	2,295
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	32,375	14,850	17,525
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	13,335	12,565	770
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	990	820	165
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	3,350	2,125	1,225
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	125,815	65,605	60,210
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	2,870	1,315	1,555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	122,945	64,285	58,655
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	475	285	190
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	415	315	105
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	790	525	265
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	8,135	7,105	1,030
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	7,515	4,890	2,630
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	4,990	3,275	1,710
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	14,490	7,005	7,490
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	5,630	4,365	1,260
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	5,270	3,250	2,015
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	7,180	3,135	4,050
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	3,455	1,920	1,540
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	13,485	7,700	5,780
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	245	85	160
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	6,020	3,465	2,550
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	9,030	3,210	5,825
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	12,450	2,655	9,790
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	2,585	1,440	1,150
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	10,695	5,045	5,650
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	5,265	2,170	3,105
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	4,810	2,450	2,360
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	117,815	61,565	56,245
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	8,010	4,115	3,895
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	1,495	1,050	450
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	14,120	10,385	3,735
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	94,185	46,025	48,160
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	94,190	46,025	48,165
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	31,940	14,965	16,975
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	61,280	30,455	30,825
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	580	385	195
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	390	230	165
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	108,300	56,410	51,895
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	64,505	37,465	27,040
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	4,655	1,495	3,155
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	31,865	13,685	18,180
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	4,855	2,160	2,695
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,230	940	290
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,190	660	530
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	108,305	56,405	51,895
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	14,970	7,100	7,870
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	32,120	16,935	15,185
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	35,130	19,165	15,965
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	15,310	7,720	7,595
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	10,770	5,495	5,285
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	108,305	56,410	51,895
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	5,340	3,615	1,720
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	14,835	8,790	6,045
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	27,290	13,525	13,770
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	26,820	12,980	13,835
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	18,720	9,010	9,710
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	15,300	8,490	6,810
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	134,225	69,765	64,460
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	129,415	67,505	61,910
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	120,615	63,015	57,600
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	120,385	62,960	57,425
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	230	60	175
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	8,795	4,485	4,310
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	8,795	4,485	4,310
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	35	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	35	15	15
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	25	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	10	0	10
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	135	65	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	135	60	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	50	10	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	35	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	645	345	300
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	140	65	75
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	140	65	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	0	10
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	10	0	10
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	75	20	55
Serbian	160	110	55	35	20	10
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	20	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	20	15	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	230	125	105
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	140	75	70
Bengali	300	145	155	10	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	10	0	10
Hindi	740	355	385	15	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	110	50	60
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	90	55	35
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	85	55	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	250	135	110
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	25	10	10
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	105	55	50
Romanian	245	105	140	10	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	115	65	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	130	55	75
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	860	445	410
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	20	15	10
American Sign Language	245	80	170	15	15	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	6,875	3,515	3,360
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	6,880	3,515	3,365
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	2,765	1,405	1,355
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	3,945	2,040	1,910
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	30	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	120	55	70
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	15	0	15
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	10
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	10
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	10
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	4,810	2,260	2,550
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	240	125	115
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	4,550	2,120	2,435
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	20	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	134,225	69,765	64,460
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	117,855	61,880	55,980
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	3,740	1,785	1,950
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	900	420	480
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	11,465	5,535	5,935
Aboriginal	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	11,465	5,535	5,935
English and French	85	45	45	10	10	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	120	60	55
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	125	70	50
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	227,825	111,505	116,320
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	190,200	92,780	97,420
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	37,620	18,730	18,900
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	18,390	9,190	9,200
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	19,235	9,535	9,700
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	12,580	6,235	6,340
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	10,575	5,250	5,335
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	2,000	995	1,010
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	6,655	3,300	3,355
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	219,095	107,070	112,025
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	122,865	59,610	63,255
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	96,230	47,465	48,770
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	44,335	21,820	22,515
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	51,895	25,640	26,255
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	29,295	14,795	14,495
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	24,165	12,135	12,025
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	5,130	2,660	2,470
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	22,605	10,845	11,755