Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Lower Mainland--Southwest British Columbia [Economic region]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	2,832,000	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	2,657,713r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	1,185,037	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	1,099,698	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	78.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	36,303.31	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	2,832,000	1,385,250	1,446,745
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	426,565	220,025	206,535
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	137,035	70,665	66,370
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	145,140	75,025	70,115
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	144,395	74,340	70,050
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	1,951,420	957,425	993,995
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	163,615	84,180	79,435
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	188,560	96,505	92,060
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	201,755	100,410	101,345
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	206,890	101,985	104,910
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	191,215	92,570	98,650
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	191,610	91,030	100,580
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	208,560	99,900	108,660
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	217,900	106,435	111,470
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	203,870	98,630	105,240
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	177,430	85,785	91,645
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	454,020	207,800	246,220
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	153,355	73,380	79,975
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	105,975	50,555	55,425
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	77,930	35,965	41,965
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	57,030	25,825	31,210
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	59,720	22,070	37,645
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	36,760	14,920	21,840
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	17,290	5,740	11,545
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	4,835	1,230	3,605
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	835	180	655
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	15.1	15.9	14.3
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	68.9	69.1	68.7
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	16.0	15.0	17.0
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.1	1.6	2.6
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.0	39.8	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	357,895	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	161,655	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	572,070	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	24,985	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	106,955	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	172,450	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	266,175	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	1,500	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	8,075	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	310,905	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	349,285	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	172,935	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	157,590	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	108,985	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	2,785,950	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	2,405,435	1,165,225	1,240,210
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	1,375,715	685,820	689,895
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	1,187,600	591,000	596,605
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	188,115	94,820	93,295
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	1,029,720	479,405	550,315
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	704,075	375,990	328,085
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	59,290	24,410	34,880
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	147,960	55,515	92,445
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	118,390	23,485	94,910
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	783,325	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	382,340	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	178,990	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	165,005	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	56,990	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	783,320	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	663,130	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	569,090	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	94,040	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	120,190	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	96,730	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	23,460	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	663,135	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	306,065	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	357,065	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	145,235	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	157,010	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	54,820	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	120,190	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	76,275	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	33,755	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	10,165	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	523,050	244,290	278,755
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	692,915	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	267,200	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	425,720	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	43,235	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	363,545	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	310,905	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	52,640	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	2,463,925	1,224,910	1,239,015
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	1,215	580	630
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	192,685	85,790	106,895
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	145,670	60,275	85,395
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	2,614,385	1,290,090	1,324,290
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	29,945	15,035	14,915
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	15,285	7,020	8,260
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	143,885	59,405	84,475
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	37,590	18,545	19,045
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.3	1.4	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	2,719,185	1,330,900	1,388,280
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	1,628,860	821,870	806,990
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	1,599,230	806,985	792,245
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	29,630	14,880	14,745
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	1,090,325	509,030	581,290
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	1,400	650	755
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	385	160	225
Blackfoot	5	10	0	20	0	20
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	270	125	140
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	5
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	45	15	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	20	5	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	20	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	175	80	95
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	85	30	60
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	80	30	50
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	120	50	70
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	115	50	65
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	45	15	25
Chilcotin	5	0	5	30	15	10
Dene	5	5	5	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	10	10	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	5
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	5	0	15	5	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	25	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	5	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Michif	5	0	0	10	10	5
Salish languages	5	0	0	560	280	275
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0	75	40	35
Lillooet	0	0	0	300	150	150
Okanagan	0	5	0	5	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	15	15	5
Squamish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	50	45
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dakota	5	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	100	40	55
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Nisga'a	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tsimshian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	70	30	40
Haisla	0	0	0	10	5	5
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	85	45	45
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	1,088,920	508,380	580,540
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	21,410	11,395	10,015
Berber languages	220	130	90	100	65	35
Kabyle	105	60	50	35	25	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	65	40	25
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	1,370	685	685
Bilen	80	45	35	5	5	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	175	100	75
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	1,175	580	600
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	10	5	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	19,900	10,620	9,275
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	1,165	570	595
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	14,875	8,035	6,840
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	635	310	325
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	435	240	200
Harari	930	435	490	25	10	15
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	1,805	985	825
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	100	45	55
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	705	350	360
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	145	80	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	25,495	11,685	13,810
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	1,255	570	685
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	24,205	11,100	13,105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	35	15	20
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	84,740	34,635	50,105
Bikol	470	210	260	320	140	175
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	3,340	1,325	2,015
Fijian	55	25	25	425	215	210
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	1,310	490	820
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	4,725	1,870	2,855
Malagasy	25	15	15	15	5	10
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	3,575	1,570	2,005
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	645	295	345
Pangasinan	450	185	270	275	120	155
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	69,045	28,155	40,895
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	180	70	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	880	380	500
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	690	355	330
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	30	20	10
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	420	205	210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	245	130	110
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	6,425	3,395	3,025
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	235	120	115
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	1,850	955	900
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	3,320	1,720	1,600
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	975	580	400
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	45	20	25
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	135	70	65
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	473,365	231,000	242,370
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	1,225	630	590
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	1,100	545	555
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	61,285	28,650	32,635
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	700	295	405
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	355	160	195
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	350	140	205
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	60,585	28,355	32,230
Belarusan	355	170	185	65	35	35
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	1,225	610	610
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	1,770	825	945
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	5,645	2,735	2,910
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	4,025	1,925	2,100
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	255	125	135
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	12,975	6,090	6,890
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	19,060	8,655	10,410
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	6,395	3,275	3,120
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	1,170	555	615
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	2,610	1,165	1,445
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	605	285	320
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	4,585	1,980	2,605
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	195	95	95
Celtic languages	460	210	250	350	185	160
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	140	70	65
Welsh	150	65	85	140	75	65
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	70	40	30
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	52,285	24,765	27,515
Afrikaans	985	475	510	1,735	870	860
Danish	1,570	710	855	2,515	1,245	1,275
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	11,210	5,405	5,805
Frisian	135	60	75	155	75	85
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	33,475	15,695	17,785
Icelandic	85	40	45	180	80	95
Norwegian	380	170	210	1,015	500	520
Swedish	1,140	485	660	1,490	650	845
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	230	115	110
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	225	115	105
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	40	25	15
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	5,095	2,640	2,455
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	276,335	136,855	139,485
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	231,470	114,305	117,165
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	2,720	1,415	1,305
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	6,410	3,030	3,380
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	25,065	11,975	13,090
Kashmiri	275	140	140	45	30	20
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	230	115	110
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	545	290	260
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	950	500	445
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	65	35	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	183,165	90,735	92,435
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	1,595	740	855
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	1,515	755	760
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	9,170	4,685	4,480
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	44,500	22,360	22,145
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	1,715	910	805
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	1,075	570	505
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	41,705	20,875	20,835
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	370	190	175
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	75,690	36,725	38,970
Catalan	165	90	75	130	75	60
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	16,075	8,070	8,010
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	12,445	5,880	6,565
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	7,790	3,800	3,990
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	39,190	18,865	20,330
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	65	40	25
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	17,795	6,085	11,715
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	65	35	25
Georgian	1,110	595	515	65	35	25
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	47,895	21,580	26,315
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	345	150	200
Mongolian	345	155	190	345	145	200
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	2,845	1,430	1,415
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	420	230	190
Bamanankan	60	30	30	10	5	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	85	45	35
Ewe	370	185	190	60	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	20	15	5
Ga	440	200	245	30	15	20
Ganda	515	245	270	70	35	30
Igbo	1,520	775	750	165	100	65
Lingala	375	175	200	60	20	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	105	40	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	105	45	55
Shona	680	325	355	160	70	85
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	650	320	330
Wolof	160	90	80	30	10	20
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	225	130	95
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	670	305	360
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	305	155	155
Dinka	45	25	15	90	55	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	215	95	115
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	720	380	335
American Sign Language	470	250	220	300	150	150
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	415	230	185
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	390,745	178,580	212,160
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	388,415	177,415	211,000
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	185,300	85,535	99,765
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	2,210	970	1,245
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	176,645	80,060	96,585
Min Dong	765	370	395	225	105	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	10,765	4,800	5,965
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	4,360	1,920	2,445
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	8,710	3,945	4,770
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	195	80	115
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	2,330	1,165	1,160
Burmese	1,005	450	555	1,045	530	515
Karenic languages	265	125	140	785	380	405
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	275	140	135
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	220	115	110
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	3,100	1,120	1,980
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	1,025	515	515
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	2,055	595	1,460
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	15	10	10
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	3,785	2,080	1,700
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	500	275	220
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	2,845	1,605	1,235
Uyghur	385	195	195	165	85	85
Uzbek	595	300	295	100	45	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	175	75	100
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	8,670	4,040	4,630
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	490	210	280
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	2,205	905	1,300
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	5,970	2,925	3,050
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	395	210	185
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	84,315	40,655	43,665
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	5,985	2,890	3,095
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	74,945	36,180	38,765
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	1,655	805	855
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	1,735	780	950
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	2,602,790	1,275,740	1,327,050
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	1,945,020	966,960	978,060
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	1,935,230	962,115	973,115
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	9,790	4,850	4,940
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	657,770	308,775	348,990
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	160	70	90
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	30	10	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	20	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	20	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	10	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	20	5	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	5	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	55	30	30
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	30	15	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Squamish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	657,605	308,700	348,900
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	12,260	6,145	6,115
Berber languages	65	30	30	40	20	20
Kabyle	35	15	15	20	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	20	15	10
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	700	315	380
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	80	40	35
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	610	270	345
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	5	5	5
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	11,515	5,805	5,705
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	540	250	290
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	8,995	4,560	4,430
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	400	200	205
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	310	165	145
Harari	520	235	285	10	5	5
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	795	410	390
Maltese	875	395	475	5	5	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	360	170	190
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	15,890	7,370	8,520
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	635	295	335
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	15,240	7,060	8,175
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	15	10	10
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	36,345	16,075	20,270
Bikol	85	35	45	70	30	35
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	1,120	505	615
Fijian	10	10	5	110	55	55
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	375	160	215
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	1,500	640	855
Malagasy	10	5	5	5	5	5
Malay	1,455	705	750	1,065	490	580
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	140	65	70
Pangasinan	80	35	40	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	31,570	13,940	17,630
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	55	25	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	290	140	150
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	305	135	170
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	225	95	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	80	40	45
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	3,465	1,750	1,720
Kannada	830	415	410	95	40	55
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	950	480	470
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	1,955	975	985
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	460	250	205
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	15	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	60	25	30
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	250,500	121,860	128,635
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	565	270	290
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	525	230	290
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	26,725	12,830	13,895
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	165	75	95
Latvian	600	245	355	70	30	40
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	95	40	50
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	26,555	12,755	13,805
Belarusan	125	60	65	15	5	5
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	565	280	285
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	940	435	505
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	1,820	855	965
Czech	1,415	685	730	1,140	580	560
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	120	55	65
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	4,765	2,270	2,490
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	11,215	5,320	5,895
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	3,500	1,775	1,725
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	440	205	235
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	855	415	435
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	65	30	35
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	1,090	510	580
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	35	15	15
Celtic languages	65	35	30	40	20	20
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	15	10	10
Welsh	20	5	10	20	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	6,425	3,000	3,420
Afrikaans	265	125	145	665	315	350
Danish	135	65	75	210	100	100
Dutch	655	300	350	1,015	470	545
Frisian	5	0	0	10	5	5
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	4,105	1,895	2,205
Icelandic	20	5	15	55	25	30
Norwegian	45	15	20	75	35	40
Swedish	220	100	120	250	120	135
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	20	10	10
Yiddish	350	175	175	10	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	10	5	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	1,780	860	925
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	182,115	89,165	92,955
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	152,620	74,855	77,765
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	1,595	785	805
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	2,790	1,235	1,560
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	11,650	5,515	6,135
Kashmiri	50	25	25	5	5	5
Konkani	440	215	230	40	20	20
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	250	125	120
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	560	295	270
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	35	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	129,170	63,680	65,495
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	595	255	340
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	615	300	315
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	5,320	2,630	2,690
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	29,305	14,210	15,090
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	1,055	535	525
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	665	335	330
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	27,585	13,350	14,235
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	190	95	95
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	32,330	15,490	16,840
Catalan	80	40	45	60	30	35
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	4,020	1,750	2,270
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	5,225	2,485	2,740
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	3,520	1,695	1,825
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	19,490	9,525	9,960
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	15	5	10
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	8,645	3,575	5,075
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	20	10	5
Georgian	745	405	335	20	10	10
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	35,705	16,415	19,295
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	165	75	85
Mongolian	200	100	95	160	80	90
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	765	345	425
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	125	70	60
Bamanankan	15	10	10	5	0	5
Edo	295	115	175	20	10	10
Ewe	95	40	55	15	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	5
Ganda	155	70	85	5	5	5
Igbo	410	205	205	35	20	15
Lingala	95	40	55	35	10	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	55	20	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	45	15	30
Shona	235	115	125	45	20	25
Swahili	1,225	540	690	165	70	95
Wolof	80	45	35	5	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	160	70	90
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	135	60	75
Dinka	15	5	5	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	85	30	55
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	940	515	425
American Sign Language	720	375	345	320	160	155
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	620	355	260
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	287,365	131,920	155,445
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	285,705	131,085	154,620
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	132,670	60,485	72,180
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	680	280	395
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	139,860	64,645	75,215
Min Dong	240	105	135	60	30	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	4,665	2,120	2,550
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	2,500	1,150	1,350
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	5,155	2,325	2,830
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	1,660	835	825
Burmese	575	260	310	685	350	340
Karenic languages	215	105	110	705	345	365
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	180	95	85
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	85	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	1,140	500	640
Lao	1,050	505	540	435	210	225
Thai	575	255	320	695	285	415
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	5	5
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	1,590	830	760
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	180	95	85
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	1,225	645	585
Uyghur	225	120	105	100	50	50
Uzbek	315	165	145	40	25	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	40	15	20
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	2,190	1,035	1,155
Estonian	650	240	410	75	30	45
Finnish	510	220	290	495	225	275
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	1,620	785	835
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	115	55	65
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	200,710	95,815	104,895
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	3,910	1,875	2,030
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	193,705	92,555	101,150
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	535	240	295
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	2,560	1,135	1,425
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	2,249,180	1,108,510	1,140,675
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	244,785	118,650	126,135
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	22,820	10,360	12,455
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	277,825	129,870	147,955
Aboriginal	480	205	275	1,440	680	755
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	276,385	129,185	147,200
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	1,020	465	555
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	5,060	2,370	2,690
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	2,710	1,285	1,430
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	85	45	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	2,359,980	1,143,780	1,216,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	2,263,230	1,097,500	1,165,730
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	32,405	38,991	27,391
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	2,266,270	1,100,245	1,166,025
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	29,270	34,158	25,579
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	2,034,790	1,003,285	1,031,505
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	32,175	39,492	26,202
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	1,575,265	671,850	903,420
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	2,847	1,483	3,722
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	1,700,820	863,460	837,360
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	33,005	39,839	27,429
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	2,263,515	1,097,270	1,166,245
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	46,142	55,079	37,735
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	2,266,585	1,100,070	1,166,515
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	38,095	44,153	32,383
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	2,034,275	1,002,715	1,031,560
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	46,383	56,119	36,919
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	1,575,245	671,185	904,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,404	6,206	6,552
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	1,700,825	863,425	837,395
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	45,163	54,051	35,998
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	726,080	414,225	311,860
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	54,361	60,328	48,283
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	66,709	74,780	55,988
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	90.4	93.1	86.6
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	73.6	77.2	68.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	9.6	6.9	13.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	96,755	46,275	50,480
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	2,263,230	1,097,505	1,165,725
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.9	96.0	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	379,360	161,345	218,020
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	399,980	164,660	235,315
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	290,520	122,995	167,530
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	246,310	110,555	135,755
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	216,680	102,005	114,670
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	171,470	87,240	84,235
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	133,090	74,720	58,365
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	101,915	59,560	42,360
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	80,390	47,760	32,625
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	57,335	35,475	21,860
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	186,180	131,190	54,990
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	121,035	82,855	38,180
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	65,150	48,335	16,810
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	93,715	43,530	50,180
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	2,266,270	1,100,250	1,166,020
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	393,465	169,995	223,465
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	418,950	175,390	243,560
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	342,985	148,440	194,535
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	290,545	132,940	157,605
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	240,205	118,335	121,870
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	174,880	96,725	78,155
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	124,580	73,005	51,575
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	89,825	53,595	36,230
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	190,840	131,820	59,020
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	56,960	36,765	20,195
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	36,120	24,605	11,515
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	97,760	70,450	27,310
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	2,359,985	1,143,780	1,216,205
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	659,160	280,320	378,845
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	1,700,820	863,460	837,365
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	72.1	75.5	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	244,220	109,730	134,490
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	129,965	55,085	74,880
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	230,480	101,020	129,455
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	190,490	85,735	104,760
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	176,405	81,450	94,955
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	161,450	76,815	84,635
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	129,645	68,330	61,315
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	102,940	60,195	42,745
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	81,320	48,935	32,380
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	253,910	176,170	77,740
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	65,415	39,925	25,495
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	46,105	29,835	16,275
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	142,390	106,410	35,975
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,695	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	72,196	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	63,053	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	310,905	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	37,372	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	33,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	788,795	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	91,035	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	79,340	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	94,975	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	78,518	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	310,915	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	48,938	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	40,547	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	788,785	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	113,122	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	93,485	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	30,630	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	17,065	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	32,640	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	43,985	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	42,275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	41,105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	42,415	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	42,545	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	42,390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	42,405	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	80,975	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	75,570	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	69,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	63,805	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	57,215	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	375,045	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	115,425	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	82,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	92,765	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	84,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	32,700	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	17,320	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	33,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	45,480	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	48,020	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	49,460	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	51,105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	51,010	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	51,270	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	49,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	93,555	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	84,995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	77,590	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	67,820	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	58,630	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	287,680	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	111,745	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	69,220	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	106,720	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	752,860	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	91,058	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	79,285	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	262,680	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	83,407	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	72,424	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	355,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	111,233	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	96,154	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	107,585	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	52,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	48,241	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	752,275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	113,507	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	93,570	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	262,190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	106,855	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	86,973	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	356,320	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	133,464	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	109,910	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	107,230	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	66,377	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	57,086	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	445,180	215,390	229,790
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	31,939	33,649	30,619
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,854	30,052	27,923
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	444,385	214,355	230,025
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	42,880	45,497	40,441
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	35,905	37,587	34,337
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	1,368,265	652,270	715,990
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	341,810	163,715	178,095
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	265,710	122,465	143,240
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	248,540	118,045	130,495
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	252,745	121,750	130,995
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	259,460	126,290	133,170
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	1,417,690	711,220	706,470
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	263,840	129,595	134,245
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	270,630	134,665	135,960
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	280,375	140,545	139,830
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	292,430	147,565	144,870
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	310,410	158,850	151,565
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	2,765,265	1,353,365	1,411,895
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	516,045	266,115	249,925
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	163,605	84,390	79,210
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	1,826,895	890,630	936,270
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	422,320	196,615	225,700
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	447,165	210,170	236,995
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	96,245	49,470	46,775
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	28,685	14,645	14,035
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	282,590	131,785	150,805
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	68,325	28,910	39,415
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	16.2	15.5	16.8
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	18.7	18.6	18.7
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	17.5	17.4	17.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	15.5	14.8	16.1
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	16.2	14.7	17.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	362,850	173,035	189,820
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	73,360	37,575	35,785
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	21,070	10,705	10,365
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	250,495	119,190	131,305
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	39,000	16,265	22,730
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	13.1	12.8	13.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	14.2	14.1	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	12.9	12.7	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	13.7	13.4	14.0
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	9.2	8.3	10.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	2,640,970	1,303,270	1,337,695
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	2,639,805	1,302,720	1,337,090
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	192,705	85,720	106,980
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	1,306,390	615,640	690,750
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	2,870	1,285	1,590
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	550	220	330
Blackfoot	10	0	0	15	0	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	355	165	190
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	20	0	15
Woods Cree	15	10	0	20	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	210	100	105
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	20	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	160	40	120
Algonquin	15	10	10	15	0	10
Ojibway	675	270	405	130	35	95
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	15	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	105	35	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	100	30	70
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	55	15	45
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haida	0	0	0	70	40	30
Inuit languages	20	10	10	60	35	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	45	20	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	25	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	20	10	10
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Michif	15	10	0	40	20	25
Salish languages	10	0	0	1,630	740	885
Comox	0	0	0	15	0	20
Halkomelem	0	0	0	270	95	175
Lillooet	0	0	0	735	375	360
Okanagan	10	0	0	35	10	25
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Squamish	0	0	0	275	120	150
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	225	110	115
Siouan languages	0	0	10	35	15	20
Dakota	10	0	0	20	10	15
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	190	80	110
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	60	15	40
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	30	40
Tsimshian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	110	45	60
Haisla	0	0	0	30	10	25
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	15	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	55	40	20
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	90	50	40
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	1,303,630	614,405	689,225
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	30,405	15,945	14,460
Berber languages	245	135	110	135	90	45
Kabyle	80	40	40	65	40	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	65	50	15
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	1,880	875	1,010
Bilen	85	50	35	15	0	10
Oromo	1,390	590	800	190	110	80
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	1,680	760	920
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	10	0	10
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	28,645	15,140	13,500
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	1,775	915	860
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	20,905	11,210	9,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	760	370	390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	565	280	280
Harari	1,250	635	620	55	40	20
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	4,755	2,465	2,285
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	205	105	100
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	945	515	430
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	300	160	145
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	105	50	60
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	31,905	15,255	16,650
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	1,530	675	860
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	30,450	14,600	15,855
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	60	30	30
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	110,050	45,925	64,120
Bikol	580	260	325	500	210	290
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	4,390	1,675	2,715
Fijian	50	20	30	1,015	595	415
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	1,420	620	805
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	5,790	2,255	3,535
Malagasy	90	45	45	10	10	10
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	6,565	3,110	3,460
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	810	355	455
Pangasinan	450	200	255	440	175	260
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	99,505	40,840	58,665
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	275	120	155
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	1,250	620	625
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	1,975	1,075	905
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	85	30	55
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	1,130	615	515
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	775	440	340
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	9,165	4,855	4,310
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	450	210	235
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	2,690	1,445	1,250
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	4,990	2,605	2,385
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	1,505	875	630
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	70	25	40
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	150	80	75
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	606,020	295,920	310,100
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	1,345	685	665
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	1,525	765	760
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	70,430	33,565	36,865
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	700	340	365
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	355	190	165
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	345	150	200
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	69,925	33,325	36,605
Belarusan	945	495	450	210	100	115
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	1,905	960	950
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	2,060	905	1,155
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	8,215	4,035	4,185
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	5,110	2,410	2,700
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	350	185	165
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	14,920	7,050	7,875
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	25,195	11,850	13,340
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	8,195	4,205	3,990
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	1,270	615	660
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	3,395	1,615	1,775
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	810	365	445
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	6,715	2,940	3,775
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	265	130	130
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	1,275	690	580
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	375	240	130
Welsh	235	115	125	165	65	100
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	735	395	340
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	74,345	35,630	38,715
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	4,835	2,450	2,380
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	2,965	1,380	1,590
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	13,630	6,490	7,145
Frisian	195	75	115	235	120	120
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	49,850	24,225	25,630
Icelandic	130	55	75	240	120	115
Norwegian	960	460	500	1,655	840	815
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	3,150	1,365	1,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	265	135	135
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	400	190	215
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	90	55	30
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	7,620	3,910	3,710
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	336,265	167,320	168,945
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	287,450	142,700	144,750
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	3,180	1,625	1,550
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	10,885	5,150	5,735
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	75,365	36,670	38,690
Kashmiri	475	240	235	50	25	25
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	375	185	185
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	1,315	680	645
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	1,205	600	600
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	224,725	112,300	112,425
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	3,160	1,355	1,805
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	2,275	1,175	1,100
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	15,175	7,935	7,240
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	49,840	25,165	24,670
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	2,145	1,140	1,000
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	1,555	865	690
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	47,490	23,955	23,540
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	800	400	405
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	128,015	60,770	67,250
Catalan	315	165	150	260	130	130
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	26,860	13,060	13,795
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	16,500	7,865	8,635
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	8,915	4,380	4,540
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	82,035	38,455	43,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	250	160	90
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	30,230	13,165	17,075
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	100	50	50
Georgian	1,465	740	725	100	55	45
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	52,875	24,230	28,645
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	335	160	175
Mongolian	445	190	255	335	160	175
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	6,235	3,245	2,995
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	510	290	220
Bamanankan	200	110	90	30	15	10
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	130	75	60
Ewe	520	270	250	115	75	40
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	50	15	40
Ga	1,005	490	515	95	60	35
Ganda	865	410	455	115	60	55
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	240	145	95
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	240	110	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	105	35	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	210	95	115
Shona	1,175	515	655	285	130	150
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	2,795	1,510	1,285
Wolof	415	185	230	30	15	15
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	620	315	310
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	1,455	680	775
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	345	170	175
Dinka	85	65	25	70	40	25
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	280	125	150
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	4,190	1,670	2,520
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	2,340	830	1,515
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	1,915	860	1,050
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	435,155	200,830	234,325
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	432,595	199,535	233,065
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	224,860	104,045	120,820
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	2,575	1,230	1,345
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	252,570	114,045	138,535
Min Dong	710	285	425	125	60	70
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	15,800	7,005	8,795
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	5,405	2,355	3,045
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	8,995	4,120	4,875
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	195	80	115
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	2,845	1,425	1,415
Burmese	1,325	600	720	1,395	685	710
Karenic languages	245	115	135	955	490	470
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	340	180	155
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	295	140	155
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	4,370	1,795	2,580
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	1,510	705	805
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	3,085	1,170	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	10	10	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	6,105	3,320	2,785
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	835	450	385
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	5,005	2,710	2,295
Uyghur	490	225	265	110	50	55
Uzbek	815	440	375	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	250	135	110
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	10,045	4,660	5,385
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	545	225	320
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	2,415	975	1,435
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	7,105	3,455	3,650
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	750	410	345
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,785,955	1,363,490	1,422,455
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	2,438,345	1,198,880	1,239,475
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	478,730	247,515	231,220
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	1,959,615	951,360	1,008,250
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	347,600	164,620	182,980
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	1,642,775	827,820	814,950
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	1,060,950	495,680	565,270
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	234,190	112,395	121,790
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	128,370	59,885	68,480
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	261,075	120,580	140,495
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	285,550	131,230	154,325
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	132,730	60,770	71,960
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	152,820	70,455	82,365
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	151,770	71,595	80,175
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	82,225	39,990	42,235
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	1,060,955	495,685	565,270
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	84,650	42,820	41,830
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	169,630	87,445	82,185
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	223,525	101,380	122,140
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	449,595	202,210	247,390
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	133,555	61,825	71,725
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	1,060,955	495,680	565,270
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	73,630	34,405	39,230
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	3,155	1,295	1,860
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	3,280	1,500	1,785
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	4,880	2,460	2,415
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	1,005	470	535
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	355	165	190
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	2,430	1,265	1,160
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	8,415	3,660	4,755
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	2,790	1,185	1,605
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	2,075	985	1,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	30,710	14,535	16,170
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	14,530	6,880	7,655
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	195,870	96,100	99,775
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	4,045	1,965	2,085
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	4,215	2,140	2,070
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	3,780	1,975	1,800
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	16,720	8,055	8,665
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	3,030	1,600	1,420
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	4,055	2,065	1,995
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	4,180	2,235	1,950
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	10,820	5,575	5,245
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	9,435	4,725	4,710
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	11,475	5,350	6,125
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	4,850	2,415	2,435
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	7,685	3,715	3,970
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	9,090	3,930	5,160
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	3,880	1,945	1,935
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	6,125	2,900	3,225
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	67,055	33,460	33,600
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	25,425	12,045	13,385
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	34,215	17,305	16,910
Algeria	1,240	650	595	440	280	160
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	2,260	1,225	1,040
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	1,695	855	845
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	4,245	1,975	2,275
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	775	415	360
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	1,360	715	645
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	1,020	485	535
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	9,070	4,675	4,400
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	13,340	6,690	6,655
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	731,625	335,645	395,985
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	4,910	2,475	2,435
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	1,870	950	925
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	190,400	85,025	105,380
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	72,080	33,105	38,975
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	149,035	72,570	76,465
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	35,450	18,010	17,440
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	5,360	2,740	2,620
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	11,305	3,365	7,940
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	38,265	17,415	20,845
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	1,920	1,080	835
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	9,590	4,925	4,665
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	99,720	41,755	57,965
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	4,310	2,240	2,070
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	2,455	1,240	1,215
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	37,695	16,975	20,725
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	25,045	11,730	13,315
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	42,210	20,045	22,165
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	25,610	12,230	13,380
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	151,770	71,595	80,175
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	10,965	5,510	5,455
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	1,005	460	550
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	480	225	250
Cuba	1,200	535	660	75	40	40
Haiti	865	415	450	25	15	10
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	215	145	75
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	2,410	1,215	1,195
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	4,555	2,375	2,180
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	230	105	125
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	1,970	930	1,045
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	15,015	7,805	7,205
France	1,400	675	725	830	440	385
Germany	915	490	420	835	480	350
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	1,240	780	460
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	210	115	100
Romania	1,490	590	900	595	255	335
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	1,455	510	945
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	1,005	415	590
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	4,570	2,710	1,860
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	4,285	2,115	2,170
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	4,725	2,440	2,285
Algeria	205	95	115	55	35	20
Cameroon	805	355	450	55	20	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	110	70	50
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	15	10	10
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	550	290	250
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	295	165	135
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	250	140	110
Morocco	365	145	220	145	80	60
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	465	230	235
Somalia	1,155	555	600	350	145	205
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	930	500	430
Tunisia	125	90	40	70	30	40
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	1,425	725	700
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	118,640	54,515	64,125
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	855	455	405
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	390	185	205
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	36,160	16,125	20,035
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	1,695	715	985
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	25,310	12,630	12,685
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	8,330	4,165	4,165
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	1,865	915	950
Israel	1,665	880	785	300	170	125
Japan	965	265	700	1,940	500	1,440
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	7,010	3,025	3,990
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	220	120	100
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	225	90	130
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	1,735	875	860
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	21,280	9,535	11,745
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	340	150	190
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	510	250	255
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	1,900	960	940
Taiwan	760	300	460	2,350	920	1,430
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	365	205	160
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	350	180	175
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	1,580	620	955
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	3,935	1,740	2,195
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	2,425	1,325	1,100
Australia	1,005	615	390	1,390	760	635
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	1,030	560	470
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	1,164,225	546,545	617,680
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	692,475	350,455	342,020
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	929,250	466,495	462,760
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	842,360	390,980	451,380
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	478,795	230,180	248,615
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	184,285	108,865	75,425
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	294,505	121,320	173,190
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	277,865	115,910	161,960
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	74,335	39,850	34,490
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	11,360	5,040	6,325
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,460
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	90,735	43,175	47,560
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	88,090	41,930	46,160
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	55,070	26,340	28,730
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	32,515	15,375	17,145
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	500	210	290
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	1,490	725	760
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	1,160	515	645
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	2,695,215	1,320,320	1,374,895
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,785,955	1,363,495	1,422,455
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	38,880	18,350	20,525
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	2,747,075	1,345,150	1,401,925
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	23,850	11,680	12,175
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	23,400	11,460	11,940
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	19,945	9,730	10,210
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	3,300	1,655	1,645
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	160	75	80
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	455	220	235
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	385	195	195
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	40	25	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	30	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	82,685	39,360	43,325
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	79,535	37,970	41,570
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	52,240	24,945	27,295
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	26,790	12,790	14,000
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	505	235	270
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	3,150	1,395	1,755
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	3,055	1,370	1,685
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	30	0	30
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	20	0	15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	2,679,410	1,312,455	1,366,955
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,785,955	1,363,495	1,422,455
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	1,250,700	596,985	653,710
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	332,655	166,605	166,055
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	479,145	224,140	255,005
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	32,680	16,875	15,800
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	127,275	55,855	71,420
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	37,210	17,555	19,650
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	16,995	9,125	7,865
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	47,510	22,710	24,795
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	46,420	23,715	22,705
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	55,375	25,580	29,790
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	31,925	13,410	18,510
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	6,960	3,400	3,560
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	36,555	18,015	18,540
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	1,535,255	766,510	768,745
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,460
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	106,540	51,040	55,500
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	75,720	36,270	39,455
Inuit	1,360	645	710	820	355	465
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	33,620	16,025	17,590
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	439,735	219,965	219,765
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	1,905	955	950
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	38,715	18,735	19,980
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	412,140	206,505	205,640
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	15	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	805	465	345
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	85	45	40
Ontarian	645	370	275	45	35	15
Québécois	1,570	780	785	890	500	390
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	235	115	120
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	1,452,805	720,230	732,570
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	930,010	461,175	468,835
Channel Islander	445	235	210	200	105	95
Cornish	205	105	95	265	140	125
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	573,370	282,035	291,340
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	332,255	158,830	173,420
Manx	815	475	345	865	415	455
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	414,800	203,290	211,510
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	54,145	25,960	28,185
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	66,330	32,735	33,600
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	182,475	87,615	94,860
Alsatian	355	140	215	125	50	70
Breton	60	35	20	50	15	35
Corsican	60	30	30	80	35	45
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	182,340	87,550	94,785
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	410,995	202,180	208,820
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	25,455	11,990	13,465
Bavarian	155	65	85	80	45	35
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	9,620	4,740	4,875
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	112,435	55,435	56,995
Flemish	910	430	475	1,180	595	580
Frisian	400	230	165	430	190	245
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	289,180	142,260	146,920
Luxembourger	305	145	155	360	185	175
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	13,990	6,965	7,020
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	510	230	285
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	160,860	77,325	83,535
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	28,535	13,830	14,705
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	17,225	8,250	8,970
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	13,230	6,520	6,715
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	61,165	29,595	31,570
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	50,575	23,285	27,295
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	6,470	3,325	3,145
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	307,075	148,850	158,230
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	3,155	1,455	1,700
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	1,950	990	960
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	13,395	6,490	6,905
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	3,300	1,600	1,695
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	3,005	1,405	1,600
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	30,970	15,200	15,770
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	2,815	1,430	1,385
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	4,635	2,200	2,440
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	755	355	395
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	82,770	39,600	43,175
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	19,850	9,650	10,205
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	73,035	34,960	38,075
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	7,225	3,390	3,840
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	114,455	55,670	58,785
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	2,430	1,125	1,310
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	216,160	107,315	108,845
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	1,545	755	785
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	2,845	1,405	1,440
Catalan	160	105	60	75	55	20
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	16,635	8,565	8,070
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	370	215	155
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	17,690	9,105	8,590
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	98,515	49,760	48,760
Kosovar	485	255	225	215	110	105
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	920	485	435
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	1,400	760	645
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	600	290	315
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	26,515	13,145	13,375
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	10,505	5,465	5,040
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	260	165	100
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	3,360	1,645	1,715
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	48,080	22,230	25,855
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	3,680	1,710	1,975
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	270	120	150
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	21,440	11,170	10,265
Basque	815	400	415	555	325	230
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	12,200	6,300	5,900
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	375	155	225
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	550	280	270
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	7,890	4,170	3,725
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	18,050	9,030	9,015
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	155	80	75
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	190	105	85
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	1,410	740	670
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	170	85	85
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	60	35	25
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	965	475	495
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	550	255	295
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	280	155	130
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	10	0	10
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	810	375	440
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	7,255	3,770	3,485
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	100	50	45
Martinican	160	50	105	20	0	20
Montserratan	440	210	230	20	10	10
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	320	135	180
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	125	60	70
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	3,365	1,685	1,685
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	330	150	185
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	1,560	720	845
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	1,525	750	775
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	54,280	26,245	28,035
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	1,990	1,030	960
Arawak	710	315	395	70	30	40
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	1,510	685	830
Belizean	355	170	185	40	15	20
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	220	85	135
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	4,475	2,025	2,445
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	4,155	2,000	2,160
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	4,860	2,380	2,475
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	540	255	285
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	835	410	425
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	2,210	1,140	1,070
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	1,360	715	645
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	1,345	645	695
Honduran	1,750	810	940	1,210	630	575
Maya	1,135	555	575	655	350	310
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	16,750	7,980	8,765
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	1,155	535	620
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	210	105	105
Paraguayan	305	140	160	695	390	305
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	3,245	1,505	1,745
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	6,030	3,015	3,020
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	315	170	140
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	1,620	780	835
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	2,730	1,340	1,390
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	44,450	22,695	21,750
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	5,305	2,850	2,455
Akan	700	395	305	30	20	10
Angolan	1,030	490	535	80	45	25
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	65	25	40
Beninese	370	190	180	30	15	15
Burkinabe	100	45	55	25	15	10
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	105	60	40
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	685	360	320
Edo	935	490	445	80	55	25
Ewe	160	90	70	55	25	30
Gabonese	45	10	35	10	0	10
Gambian	545	255	295	25	10	10
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	1,295	715	580
Guinean	680	335	340	125	40	80
Ibo	1,495	775	720	205	125	85
Ivorian	615	285	330	50	30	15
Liberian	335	140	200	215	90	125
Malian	260	140	125	40	25	10
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	1,825	995	835
Peulh	60	40	20	25	0	15
Senegalese	535	280	255	45	35	20
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	100	55	50
Togolese	315	205	105	85	45	35
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	175	85	90
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	430	205	225
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	7,985	4,195	3,785
Algerian	1,700	835	870	640	380	260
Berber	680	365	315	185	115	70
Coptic	1,815	935	885	125	70	55
Dinka	35	25	10	45	25	20
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	3,670	1,910	1,760
Libyan	1,275	685	600	210	150	60
Maure	235	130	105	125	55	70
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	1,610	860	750
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	1,115	480	640
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	385	215	170
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	175	110	70
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	18,610	9,405	9,205
Afrikaner	340	175	170	405	195	210
Amhara	500	240	260	115	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	240	130	115
Burundian	710	385	325	195	90	110
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	965	520	445
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	2,045	1,070	975
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	1,295	630	670
Malagasy	180	75	100	85	50	35
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	820	445	370
Oromo	830	370	460	120	70	50
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	315	175	140
Seychellois	165	65	95	20	15	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	2,120	1,020	1,105
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	7,300	3,715	3,575
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	440	180	260
Tigrian	410	210	200	185	100	90
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	600	295	310
Zambian	385	195	190	135	75	60
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	645	325	315
Zulu	205	100	110	65	25	40
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	1,515	760	755
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	13,295	6,660	6,630
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	1,710	850	860
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	11,705	5,870	5,840
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	1,189,105	566,675	622,425
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	88,160	45,495	42,665
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	7,590	3,840	3,750
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	4,765	2,575	2,195
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	3,005	1,545	1,460
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	485	265	215
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	885	515	375
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	575	300	275
Hazara	515	280	235	50	30	25
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	44,765	22,725	22,040
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	5,335	2,715	2,620
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	2,210	1,175	1,035
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	640	330	305
Kazakh	975	445	530	285	170	110
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	2,015	1,100	915
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	105	70	35
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	170	90	80
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	5,675	2,990	2,680
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	2,325	1,250	1,070
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	355	195	160
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	570	340	230
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	2,970	1,430	1,545
Tajik	1,425	670	755	240	120	120
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	675	335	345
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	5,385	2,970	2,415
Turkmen	405	205	200	75	45	25
Uighur	545	255	290	100	50	50
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	245	135	110
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	270	175	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	2,250	1,160	1,085
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	329,365	164,860	164,515
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	1,520	745	775
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	760	360	405
Bhutanese	150	80	65	95	55	45
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	279,460	139,455	140,010
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	330	165	165
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	620	295	320
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	160	85	80
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	1,185	575	610
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	11,340	5,880	5,460
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	36,160	18,325	17,835
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	560	300	260
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	5,275	2,785	2,495
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	1,085	595	485
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	7,735	3,820	3,915
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	777,360	359,255	418,110
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	2,055	1,050	1,010
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	2,645	1,270	1,380
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	505,320	236,935	268,385
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	138,480	61,160	77,320
Hmong	55	25	30	115	60	60
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	5,175	2,460	2,715
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	39,800	17,265	22,535
Karen	265	115	145	890	450	445
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	57,945	26,850	31,095
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	2,325	1,170	1,155
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	4,360	2,020	2,345
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	1,065	515	550
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	910	430	485
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	20,485	9,395	11,085
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	3,670	1,430	2,240
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	490	260	230
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	36,615	17,945	18,670
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	690	295	395
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	1,960	990	975
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	1,960	990	975
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	29,900	15,010	14,885
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	10,110	5,350	4,765
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	3,900	2,015	1,885
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	16,405	7,935	8,470
Fijian	1,185	495	690	13,520	6,580	6,935
Hawaiian	225	115	115	1,065	445	630
Maori	200	105	90	675	385	295
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	395	170	225
Samoan	90	45	50	300	165	135
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	700	340	360
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	713,665	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	385,315	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	320,920	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	778,775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,695	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	17,830	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	222,920	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	297,430	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	256,885	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	304,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	448,155	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	150,085	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	119,960	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	100,175	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	281,330	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	1,063,790	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	35,910	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	1,022,865	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	76,835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,695	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	141,215	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	291,790	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	176,270	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	201,335	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	82,040	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	110,680	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	96,365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	1,036,760	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	62,940	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	634,075	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	419,750	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	45,865	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	1,099,700	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	33,720	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	160,215	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	194,530	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	237,445	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	217,460	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	148,500	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	77,755	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	30,070	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	1,085,045	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	746,225	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	338,820	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	270,200	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	703,945	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	24.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,352	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,581	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	700,255	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	939,163	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	383,190	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	12.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,111	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,222	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	343,535	168,935	174,605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	686,895	336,215	350,685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	1,329,580	638,610	690,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	163,580	117,280	46,300
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	74,665	43,065	31,595
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	88,920	74,215	14,705
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	397,400	164,850	232,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	90,095	37,400	52,700
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	678,500	319,070	359,425
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	446,730	204,770	241,955
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	49,140	20,395	28,745
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	19,690	10,760	8,930
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	138,725	68,075	70,650
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	24,215	15,070	9,150
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	1,583,325	765,210	818,115
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	136,335	72,020	64,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	399,705	199,385	200,320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	1,047,285	493,805	553,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	114,865	83,125	31,735
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	52,430	30,455	21,975
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	62,435	52,670	9,760
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	306,545	127,300	179,250
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	67,405	27,635	39,770
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	558,470	255,745	302,725
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	366,625	165,110	201,510
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	39,245	15,785	23,455
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	15,685	7,910	7,770
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	118,405	56,090	62,310
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	18,520	10,845	7,675
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	2,360,015	1,143,755	1,216,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	1,030,430	505,145	525,285
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	81,245	18,285	62,965
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	81,250	18,285	62,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	72,100	33,070	39,035
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	12,450	9,435	3,020
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	59,650	23,635	36,015
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	89,195	34,325	54,870
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	11,785	2,755	9,025
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	24,505	7,600	16,910
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	27,660	10,705	16,955
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	360	135	220
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	4,510	2,685	1,825
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	7,385	4,395	2,995
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	10,480	5,565	4,915
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	2,500	475	2,025
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	169,555	62,275	107,280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	2,765	740	2,030
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	17,515	6,340	11,175
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	22,285	1,960	20,325
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	26,665	9,855	16,810
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	2,930	850	2,075
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	29,175	8,190	20,985
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	68,220	34,340	33,880
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	285,235	120,410	164,825
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	480	140	340
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	12,395	2,925	9,470
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	272,360	117,350	155,015
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	59,630	31,260	28,375
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	24,250	10,835	13,415
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	14,285	7,045	7,245
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	655	170	485
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	18,510	12,515	6,000
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	1,930	695	1,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	60,370	39,255	21,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	47,755	33,645	14,110
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	3,585	505	3,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	8,420	4,725	3,690
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	605	380	230
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	242,705	215,370	27,340
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	11,965	7,655	4,315
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	77,985	63,215	14,770
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	38,270	33,820	4,445
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	40	25	15
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	47,985	46,495	1,490
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	44,505	43,115	1,390
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	21,955	21,045	910
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	21,215	12,305	8,905
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	13,030	7,030	6,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	8,185	5,280	2,900
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	184,110	40,830	143,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	14,595	7,525	7,075
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	163,815	30,150	133,660
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	5,695	3,155	2,540
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	63,980	31,145	32,840
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	43,465	13,975	29,485
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	120	115	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	380	370	15
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	7,505	5,540	1,960
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	12,505	11,140	1,370
Other	335	95	235	240	75	160
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	240	75	160
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	1,583,325	765,210	818,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	536,045	271,405	264,635
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	56,990	12,000	44,990
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	56,985	11,995	44,990
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	58,315	26,545	31,775
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	9,795	7,445	2,350
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	48,515	19,095	29,415
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	69,615	25,905	43,715
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	9,420	2,000	7,420
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	18,870	5,745	13,130
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	22,325	8,355	13,975
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	280	115	165
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	3,495	2,055	1,445
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	5,270	3,115	2,150
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	8,105	4,165	3,940
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	1,845	355	1,485
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	138,545	49,215	89,325
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	2,410	630	1,780
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	15,000	5,285	9,715
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	17,730	1,550	16,185
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	21,915	7,315	14,600
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	2,370	690	1,680
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	23,285	6,240	17,045
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	55,835	27,515	28,320
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	232,260	96,650	135,610
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	350	120	230
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	9,770	2,215	7,560
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	222,140	94,315	127,825
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	45,260	22,930	22,325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	19,250	8,440	10,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	10,485	4,975	5,505
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	520	125	395
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	13,695	8,945	4,755
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	1,310	440	870
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	52,935	34,795	18,135
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	43,400	30,660	12,745
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	2,630	385	2,245
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	6,380	3,440	2,945
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	510	315	200
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	184,345	160,545	23,795
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	9,635	5,795	3,840
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	63,065	49,735	13,330
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	28,185	24,570	3,615
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	30	20	10
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	35,680	34,460	1,220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	32,815	31,760	1,060
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	14,935	14,210	725
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	16,810	9,385	7,425
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	10,225	5,315	4,905
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	6,580	4,060	2,515
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	143,705	32,145	111,560
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	11,655	5,995	5,660
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	127,575	23,855	103,720
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	4,475	2,295	2,180
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	48,325	23,640	24,685
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	32,480	10,620	21,865
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	60	45	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	145	145	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	6,160	4,465	1,700
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	9,485	8,365	1,120
Other	285	80	205	190	65	130
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	190	65	125
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	1,030,430	505,145	525,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	1,329,580	638,605	690,970
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	925,655	446,190	479,465
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	744,325	354,370	389,950
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	181,330	91,820	89,510
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	403,925	192,415	211,510
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	47,055	25,960	21,095
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	49,625	18,340	31,290
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	39,695	19,685	20,005
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	37,425	20,485	16,940
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	59,115	26,525	32,585
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	3,545	1,965	1,580
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	167,460	79,445	88,010
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	1,583,325	765,210	818,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	536,040	271,410	264,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	1,047,285	493,800	553,480
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	729,685	348,530	381,155
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	593,200	279,360	313,840
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	136,490	69,170	67,320
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	317,600	145,275	172,325
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	34,780	18,680	16,100
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	42,475	15,510	26,960
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	33,475	15,830	17,645
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	23,655	12,740	10,920
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	51,215	22,490	28,720
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	2,950	1,655	1,295
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	129,050	58,365	70,685
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,255
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	1,545,000	803,635	741,360
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	1,453,780	757,485	696,290
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	91,220	46,150	45,070
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	815,010	340,115	474,895
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	65.5	70.3	61.0
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	61.6	66.2	57.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	5.9	5.7	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	2,360,015	1,143,755	1,216,255
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	762,650	317,295	445,355
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	1,597,365	826,460	770,900
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	749,170	429,675	319,495
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	848,190	396,785	451,405
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.2	43.0	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	1,545,000	803,635	741,365
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	28,125	13,160	14,960
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	1,516,875	790,480	726,400
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	1,308,545	660,730	647,815
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	208,335	129,750	78,585
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	1,545,000	803,635	741,365
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	28,125	13,160	14,965
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	1,516,875	790,475	726,400
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	177,290	110,865	66,420
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	246,295	76,960	169,335
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	109,145	85,895	23,250
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	95,820	22,275	73,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	168,285	55,755	112,525
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	67,390	34,230	33,160
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	375,090	164,145	210,940
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	204,040	192,130	11,905
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	26,665	17,415	9,255
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	46,860	30,805	16,055
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	1,545,000	803,635	741,360
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	28,125	13,160	14,965
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	1,516,875	790,475	726,400
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	24,005	12,950	11,055
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	5,625	4,270	1,350
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	7,550	5,005	2,545
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	118,280	103,430	14,850
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	99,620	68,295	31,325
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	61,385	40,380	21,005
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	170,715	79,410	91,305
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	86,605	66,950	19,660
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	52,940	33,240	19,700
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	69,985	30,580	39,410
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	38,655	21,070	17,585
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	142,645	79,495	63,150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	3,425	1,580	1,845
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	70,150	40,470	29,680
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	111,720	37,435	74,290
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	156,670	31,390	125,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	35,330	17,885	17,440
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	127,995	55,070	72,925
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	70,130	29,205	40,920
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	63,450	32,365	31,090
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	1,453,785	757,485	696,295
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	121,140	60,495	60,650
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	13,560	9,610	3,950
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	200,490	147,475	53,015
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	1,118,595	539,910	578,675
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	1,118,590	539,910	578,680
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	509,115	223,950	285,170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	560,645	286,720	273,925
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	44,075	26,195	17,880
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	4,755	3,050	1,705
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	1,319,080	687,385	631,695
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	876,870	490,785	386,085
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	69,560	28,120	41,435
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	240,765	102,620	138,140
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	85,505	37,225	48,275
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	29,675	19,115	10,560
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	16,710	9,510	7,195
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	1,319,080	687,385	631,695
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	266,155	119,455	146,700
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	422,085	214,965	207,120
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	331,125	183,960	147,170
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	151,550	84,385	67,165
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	148,165	84,615	63,550
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	1,319,080	687,385	631,700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	92,365	64,240	28,130
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	211,900	129,415	82,480
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	320,695	162,140	158,555
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	291,345	133,145	158,195
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	201,725	90,890	110,835
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	201,055	107,560	93,490
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	1,655,140	854,150	800,990
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	1,610,800	832,040	778,760
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	1,530,345	789,300	741,045
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	1,526,680	788,325	738,360
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	3,660	980	2,680
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	80,450	42,735	37,715
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	80,435	42,735	37,700
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	410	265	145
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	405	265	140
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	295	215	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	25	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	75	30	50
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	2,205	1,020	1,190
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	20	15	10
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	2,185	1,005	1,180
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	760	370	395
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	30	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	55	35	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	640	305	340
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	25	15	10
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	30	10	15
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	25	15	15
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	22,135	12,450	9,685
Albanian	210	125	85	10	15	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	750	345	405
Baltic languages	55	20	30	10	10	10
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	10	0	10
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	740	335	400
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	0	10
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	10	0
Croatian	95	55	35	25	10	20
Czech	15	10	10	30	20	15
Macedonian	80	35	40	10	0	10
Polish	1,490	800	690	95	45	50
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	435	190	250
Serbian	160	110	55	80	45	35
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	10	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	10	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	450	240	205
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	20	10	10
Dutch	60	40	25	95	55	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	270	140	130
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	15	10	10
Swedish	20	10	15	30	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	55	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	19,025	10,880	8,145
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	17,945	10,160	7,785
Bengali	300	145	155	15	15	10
Gujarati	615	210	405	40	15	20
Hindi	740	355	385	275	165	110
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	17,545	9,935	7,610
Sindhi	20	10	15	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	45	20	20
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	1,075	720	355
Kurdish	85	75	10	25	20	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	1,045	695	350
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	1,845	945	900
Catalan	10	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	775	415	355	90	40	50
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	495	250	250
Romanian	245	105	140	70	45	20
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	1,185	605	575
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	1,580	610	970
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	10	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	5,315	2,825	2,495
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	200	60	135
American Sign Language	245	80	170	145	30	120
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	55	30	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	47,565	24,985	22,575
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	47,480	24,935	22,550
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	22,975	11,690	11,285
Hakka	35	10	25	10	10	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	23,365	12,665	10,700
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	205	120	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	50	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	880	425	450
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	80	50	25
Burmese	10	0	0	20	10	15
Karenic languages	0	0	0	50	35	20
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	110	50	60
Lao	10	0	10	10	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	100	45	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	55	45	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	10	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	35	30	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	10
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	35	20	10
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	15	10	10
Hungarian	220	125	95	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	30	15	15
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	44,345	22,115	22,230
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	3,040	1,340	1,700
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	40,890	20,620	20,280
French and non-official language	85	45	40	45	30	15
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	370	130	245
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	1,655,140	854,155	800,990
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	1,506,445	779,895	726,550
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	32,960	16,915	16,045
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	13,510	5,980	7,525
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	99,580	50,090	49,490
Aboriginal	155	50	105	225	85	140
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	99,355	50,010	49,340
English and French	85	45	45	45	30	10
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	1,125	540	585
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	1,475	695	780
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	2,758,670	1,349,480	1,409,190
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	2,322,805	1,134,745	1,188,055
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	435,865	214,735	221,130
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	237,275	116,530	120,750
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	198,585	98,210	100,380
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	141,125	69,945	71,175
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	113,300	55,740	57,550
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	27,830	14,205	13,620
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	57,465	28,265	29,200
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	2,648,905	1,292,945	1,355,960
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	1,490,310	727,555	762,760
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	1,158,595	565,395	593,200
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	591,830	288,480	303,350
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	566,765	276,910	289,855
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	369,565	181,370	188,200
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	296,645	145,200	151,445
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	72,920	36,165	36,755
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	197,200	95,545	101,650