Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Fraser East Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Fraser East Health Service Delivery Area British Columbia [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Fraser East Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia  Map : Fraser East Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	295,763	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	277,297	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	115,841	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	108,307	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	26.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	11,322.73	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	295,755	146,530	149,225
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	53,515	27,710	25,800
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	17,125	8,825	8,300
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	18,480	9,575	8,900
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	17,905	9,305	8,600
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	188,975	94,075	94,900
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	17,980	9,190	8,790
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	17,725	9,170	8,555
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	17,485	8,845	8,640
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	18,965	9,435	9,525
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	17,935	8,860	9,075
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	18,030	8,890	9,140
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	19,260	9,525	9,740
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	21,250	10,595	10,665
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	21,265	10,380	10,880
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	19,080	9,190	9,890
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	53,270	24,745	28,525
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	17,325	8,300	9,030
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	12,795	6,250	6,545
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	9,335	4,365	4,970
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	6,765	3,190	3,575
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	7,045	2,640	4,405
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	4,380	1,790	2,590
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	2,040	685	1,360
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	540	150	385
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	85	15	65
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	18.1	18.9	17.3
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	63.9	64.2	63.6
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	18.0	16.9	19.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.4	1.8	3.0
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	40.9	40.0	41.8
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.2	40.0	42.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	108,310	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	56,500	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	1,330	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	48,210	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	3,095	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	10,015	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	14,460	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	20,500	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	145	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	2,260	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	108,310	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	26,770	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	37,420	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	15,390	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	14,685	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	14,035	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	288,590	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	242,245	118,820	123,425
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	145,580	73,115	72,470
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	126,065	63,410	62,655
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	19,515	9,700	9,810
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	96,660	45,710	50,955
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	59,180	32,715	26,465
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	7,310	3,295	4,015
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	15,710	6,435	9,275
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	14,465	3,265	11,195
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	83,215	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	42,800	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	16,240	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	15,765	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	8,415	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	83,215	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	70,440	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	60,690	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	9,755	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	12,775	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	9,985	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	2,790	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	70,440	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	35,230	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	35,210	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	12,545	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	14,665	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	8,000	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	12,775	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	7,565	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	3,695	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	1,515	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	45,545	21,685	23,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	108,310	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	72,600	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	30,760	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	41,840	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	5,055	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	30,650	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	26,775	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	3,875	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	290,935	143,490	147,440
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	268,685	133,785	134,905
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	65	35	35
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	13,170	5,735	7,440
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	9,010	3,940	5,070
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	290,930	143,490	147,440
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	278,875	137,985	140,890
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	2,495	1,300	1,195
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	670	315	355
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	8,890	3,890	5,000
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	2,830	1,455	1,375
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.0	1.0	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	290,930	143,490	147,445
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	285,915	141,085	144,825
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	223,880	111,025	112,850
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	221,065	109,585	111,485
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	2,815	1,450	1,370
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	62,035	30,060	31,975
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	210	95	115
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	50	15	35
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	30	15	15
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	5	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	20	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	15	0	10
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	15	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	5
Dene	5	5	5	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	5
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	115	55	60
Comox	0	0	0	5	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	40	15	20
Lillooet	0	0	0	55	35	25
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	61,825	29,965	31,860
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	595	330	260
Berber languages	220	130	90	0	0	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	10	5	5
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	5	0	5
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	585	320	260
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	20	10	5
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	490	270	220
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	0	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	35	15	15
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	15	5	5
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	10	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	1,230	570	655
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	40	20	25
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	1,185	550	635
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	1,740	660	1,080
Bikol	470	210	260	10	5	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	90	30	60
Fijian	55	25	25	20	10	10
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	20	5	10
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	90	40	45
Malagasy	25	15	15	5	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	60	20	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	5	5	0
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	1,415	530	885
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	20	10	15
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	75	45	30
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	15	5	10
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	185	95	90
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	10	5	5
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	90	45	45
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	40	20	20
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	45	20	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	5	5	5
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	51,715	25,295	26,420
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	130	70	65
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	40	20	20
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	2,765	1,275	1,490
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	30	15	20
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	15	5	15
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	15	5	5
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	2,735	1,265	1,475
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	0	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	70	30	35
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	40	15	20
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	140	70	70
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	240	110	130
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	5	5	0
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	710	335	375
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	740	315	430
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	85	50	30
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	15	5	10
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	135	65	70
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	40	20	15
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	500	230	270
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	15	10	5
Celtic languages	460	210	250	25	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	5	5	5
Welsh	150	65	85	10	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	12,495	5,830	6,665
Afrikaans	985	475	510	250	115	135
Danish	1,570	710	855	320	155	165
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	3,415	1,645	1,765
Frisian	135	60	75	75	40	35
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	8,155	3,740	4,410
Icelandic	85	40	45	20	5	10
Norwegian	380	170	210	120	60	65
Swedish	1,140	485	660	115	50	65
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	20	5	15
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	5	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	10	5	5
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	150	90	60
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	32,635	16,250	16,385
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	32,155	15,990	16,170
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	30	20	10
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	110	65	50
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	775	355	415
Kashmiri	275	140	140	5	5	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	5	5	0
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	10	10	5
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	25	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	30,845	15,350	15,500
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	50	25	25
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	280	145	140
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	455	250	205
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	65	35	25
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	380	210	170
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	3,480	1,745	1,735
Catalan	165	90	75	5	0	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	425	235	190
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	385	180	205
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	580	305	275
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	2,085	1,025	1,060
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	0	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	390	145	245
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	1,720	820	905
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	5	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	175	90	85
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	15	10	0
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	5	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	0	0
Ga	440	200	245	0	0	5
Ganda	515	245	270	5	0	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	5	5	5
Lingala	375	175	200	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	0	0	5
Shona	680	325	355	5	0	5
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	55	25	25
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	30	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	50	25	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	35	15	15
Dinka	45	25	15	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	20	10	10
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	80	40	40
American Sign Language	470	250	220	30	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	55	30	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	2,610	1,240	1,375
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	2,585	1,225	1,360
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	770	390	375
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	30	15	10
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	1,510	690	825
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	100	45	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	25	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	150	70	80
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	25	15	10
Burmese	1,005	450	555	5	5	5
Karenic languages	265	125	140	15	10	5
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	305	135	170
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	225	115	110
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	85	20	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	70	40	30
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	5	0	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	60	40	25
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	5	5	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	850	420	435
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	25	10	20
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	250	110	140
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	575	300	275
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	20	10	15
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	5,020	2,405	2,615
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	500	210	290
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	4,360	2,115	2,245
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	70	35	40
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	85	45	40
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	290,930	143,490	147,440
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	279,400	137,825	141,570
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	245,670	121,240	124,435
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	245,165	121,005	124,160
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	505	235	270
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	33,730	16,585	17,140
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	30	15	20
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	20	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	5	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	33,695	16,570	17,125
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	320	165	160
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	0	0	0
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	0	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	320	160	160
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	5	0	5
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	280	140	145
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	5	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	15	10	5
Maltese	875	395	475	5	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	840	380	460
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	10	5	5
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	830	375	455
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	580	275	305
Bikol	85	35	45	5	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	25	10	10
Fijian	10	10	5	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	10	5	10
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	20	15	10
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	505	245	265
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	5	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	100	45	55
Kannada	830	415	410	0	0	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	55	20	35
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	25	10	15
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	28,210	13,930	14,275
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	35	20	20
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	20	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	865	420	445
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	10	0	5
Latvian	600	245	355	5	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	5	5
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	855	415	440
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	20	10	15
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	10	5	5
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	20	10	10
Czech	1,415	685	730	60	30	30
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	0	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	220	115	110
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	375	170	205
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	25	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	5	0	5
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	40	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	0	0	0
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	75	40	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	1,525	690	840
Afrikaans	265	125	145	125	55	65
Danish	135	65	75	15	10	5
Dutch	655	300	350	285	125	155
Frisian	5	0	0	5	0	5
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	1,075	485	590
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	5	0	5
Swedish	220	100	120	10	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	5	5	5
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	40	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	24,355	12,055	12,295
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	24,090	11,920	12,170
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	10	0	5
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	40	20	20
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	390	190	200
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	5	0
Konkani	440	215	230	5	0	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	0	0	0
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	10	5	10
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	23,465	11,620	11,850
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	15	5	5
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	150	75	75
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	250	125	120
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	35	15	20
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	210	110	105
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	10	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,365	725	640
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	40	20	25
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	70	35	35
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	280	140	145
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	975	535	440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	155	75	80
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	1,360	630	730
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	5	5	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	35	20	20
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Shona	235	115	125	5	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	10	10	5
Wolof	80	45	35	0	5	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	30	10	20
Dinka	15	5	5	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	20	5	15
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	100	50	50
American Sign Language	720	375	345	20	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	85	40	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	1,595	805	795
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	1,575	795	790
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	410	215	200
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	10	5	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	1,050	520	530
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	70	35	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	20	15	5
Burmese	575	260	310	0	0	5
Karenic languages	215	105	110	15	10	10
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	120	65	60
Lao	1,050	505	540	100	55	50
Thai	575	255	320	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	0	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	35	20	15
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	5
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	180	90	95
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	50	25	25
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	135	70	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	5	0	5
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	11,535	5,665	5,870
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	285	115	170
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	11,080	5,475	5,600
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	140	55	80
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	290,930	143,490	147,445
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	263,690	130,270	133,425
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	11,135	5,640	5,495
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	1,870	805	1,065
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	13,885	6,605	7,275
Aboriginal	480	205	275	170	80	100
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	13,715	6,530	7,185
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	45	20	25
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	150	75	75
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	145	60	80
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	235,155	114,785	120,370
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	225,900	110,565	115,335
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	30,533	39,588	24,367
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	226,170	110,780	115,395
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	27,885	34,799	23,230
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	199,265	100,135	99,130
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	28,810	38,842	21,261
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	163,545	70,365	93,180
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	6,590	5,763	6,860
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	168,360	87,165	81,200
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	29,268	39,050	21,982
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	235,145	114,785	120,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	225,860	110,435	115,425
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	40,287	48,856	32,088
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	226,105	110,625	115,475
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	34,435	40,582	28,546
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	198,995	99,895	99,100
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	39,044	48,418	29,596
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	163,520	70,390	93,130
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	8,132	7,941	8,276
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	168,340	87,065	81,275
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	38,303	46,863	29,134
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	235,150	114,785	120,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	71,260	42,870	28,395
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	50,108	57,423	42,168
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	57,012	63,574	47,106
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	85.4	89.6	79.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	70.9	75.7	63.9
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	14.6	10.4	20.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	235,160	114,790	120,370
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	9,255	4,225	5,030
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	225,900	110,565	115,335
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.1	96.3	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	33,025	13,215	19,810
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	44,540	16,785	27,755
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	33,690	13,425	20,260
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	27,565	12,375	15,185
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	22,535	11,365	11,175
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	17,390	10,085	7,305
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	12,675	8,290	4,385
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	9,770	6,700	3,070
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	7,645	5,270	2,375
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	5,080	3,605	1,480
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	11,990	9,440	2,550
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	8,900	6,940	1,960
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	3,090	2,495	595
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	235,160	114,785	120,370
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	8,990	4,005	4,980
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	226,170	110,780	115,390
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.2	96.5	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	34,265	13,915	20,350
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	46,820	18,100	28,715
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	39,410	16,115	23,295
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	31,600	14,890	16,705
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	24,290	13,360	10,935
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	16,955	10,820	6,135
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	11,935	8,215	3,715
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	8,355	5,745	2,610
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	12,540	9,610	2,930
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	4,635	3,410	1,225
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	2,670	2,060	610
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	5,230	4,135	1,090
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	235,155	114,785	120,370
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	66,790	27,620	39,170
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	168,365	87,165	81,200
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	71.6	75.9	67.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	27,095	12,255	14,840
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	13,995	5,425	8,565
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	24,485	9,810	14,680
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	20,065	8,495	11,570
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	17,845	8,350	9,495
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	15,615	8,115	7,495
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	12,570	7,650	4,920
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	9,605	6,590	3,020
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	7,680	5,440	2,240
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	19,400	15,030	4,370
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	6,265	4,440	1,825
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	4,045	2,985	1,070
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	9,085	7,605	1,475
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	108,310	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	69,321	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	61,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	26,775	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	31,599	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	28,667	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	81,535	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	84,773	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	74,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	108,295	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	84,023	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	71,898	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	26,760	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	39,511	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	34,075	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	81,535	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	98,631	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	84,311	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	108,310	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	1,640	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	1,270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	3,045	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	4,445	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	4,790	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	4,195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	4,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	4,750	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	4,530	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	4,625	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	8,600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	7,940	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	7,600	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	6,960	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	6,355	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	32,735	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	12,040	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	7,925	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	7,895	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	4,880	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	108,305	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	1,740	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	1,300	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	3,085	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	4,580	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	5,445	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	5,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	5,700	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	5,440	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	5,445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	5,280	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	10,005	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	9,075	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	8,565	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	7,505	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	6,125	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	23,975	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	10,815	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	6,130	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	7,025	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	79,030	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	83,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	73,670	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	30,165	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	73,163	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	64,716	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	35,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	105,396	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	91,714	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	11,245	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	47,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	43,826	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	78,975	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	97,826	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	83,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	30,150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	88,317	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	74,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	35,230	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	117,985	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	100,789	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	11,145	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	57,895	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	51,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	37,615	18,350	19,270
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	28,751	32,071	26,466
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	26,405	28,807	24,948
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	37,405	18,255	19,150
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	36,711	39,832	33,736
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	31,762	33,631	29,980
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	288,590	142,455	146,130
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	156,350	74,910	81,440
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	29,120	13,850	15,270
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	30,225	13,660	16,565
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	30,785	14,665	16,115
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	33,540	16,510	17,030
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	32,675	16,220	16,455
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	132,240	67,545	64,695
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	31,430	15,865	15,560
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	29,330	14,890	14,440
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	27,890	14,215	13,675
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	25,135	12,965	12,165
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	18,455	9,605	8,850
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	280,795	138,655	142,145
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	62,535	32,290	30,240
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	20,175	10,390	9,785
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	171,300	84,175	87,125
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	46,970	22,190	24,775
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	39,190	17,975	21,215
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	10,680	5,540	5,145
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	3,380	1,785	1,600
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	21,630	9,730	11,895
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	6,880	2,705	4,175
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	14.0	13.0	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	17.1	17.2	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	16.8	17.2	16.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	12.6	11.6	13.7
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	14.6	12.2	16.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	20,880	9,995	10,885
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	5,495	2,820	2,675
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	1,655	850	810
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	14,035	6,625	7,410
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,345	550	795
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	7.4	7.2	7.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	8.8	8.7	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	8.2	8.2	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	8.2	7.9	8.5
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.9	2.5	3.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	288,580	142,450	146,130
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	279,605	138,545	141,055
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	279,515	138,505	141,010
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	13,155	5,680	7,480
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	74,095	35,845	38,245
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	395	165	235
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	55	15	35
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	40	20	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	25	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	15	0	15
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	15	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	265	105	160
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	115	35	80
Lillooet	0	0	0	90	45	50
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Squamish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	10	10	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	50	30	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	73,705	35,685	38,020
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	1,015	585	430
Berber languages	245	135	110	10	10	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	0	0	10
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	0	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	1,005	580	420
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	10	0	10
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	830	485	350
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	40	30	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	15	0	10
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	90	65	30
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	30	10	20
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	15	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,395	685	710
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	75	45	35
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,330	640	685
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	2,280	810	1,470
Bikol	580	260	325	10	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	140	35	110
Fijian	50	20	30	25	15	10
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	30	10	15
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	55	15	35
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	95	45	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	15	0	10
Pangasinan	450	200	255	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	2,100	720	1,380
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	45	25	20
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	145	95	55
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	20	0	20
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	110	70	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	20	20	0
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	220	105	115
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	10	0	0
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	85	35	45
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	115	65	50
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	45	15	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	61,430	30,065	31,360
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	210	105	100
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	60	35	25
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	3,250	1,500	1,750
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	20	15	10
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	10	10	0
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	10	0	0
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	3,230	1,490	1,740
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	0	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	125	60	60
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	80	35	45
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	155	80	75
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	280	135	145
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	0	0	0
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	800	335	465
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,015	450	565
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	160	85	70
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	30	15	10
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	220	120	100
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	35	25	15
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	625	280	345
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	10	0	10
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	60	35	25
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	25	15	10
Welsh	235	115	125	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	30	15	10
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	14,210	6,660	7,555
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	450	215	235
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	345	160	190
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	4,060	1,940	2,125
Frisian	195	75	115	110	60	50
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	9,165	4,340	4,825
Icelandic	130	55	75	25	10	20
Norwegian	960	460	500	175	75	95
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	195	80	110
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	35	10	25
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	15	15	10
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	280	170	110
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	37,770	18,960	18,810
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	37,445	18,770	18,670
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	30	20	15
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	175	110	65
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	4,625	2,240	2,385
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	0	0	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	30	15	10
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	15	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	35,980	18,055	17,930
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	105	55	50
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	555	295	260
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	355	195	160
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	75	45	25
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	15	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	300	160	135
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	50	15	30
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	6,680	3,170	3,515
Catalan	315	165	150	0	0	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	850	430	425
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	650	335	315
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	620	285	335
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	4,780	2,225	2,560
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	15	15	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	865	400	465
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	10	10	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	10	10	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	2,010	950	1,060
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	10	10	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	380	190	190
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	15	10	10
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	10	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	15	10	10
Ewe	520	270	250	10	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	10
Ga	1,005	490	515	10	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	10	0	10
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	10	0	0
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	0	0	0
Shona	1,175	515	655	20	10	10
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	130	65	65
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	80	35	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	125	75	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	45	15	25
Dinka	85	65	25	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	25	10	15
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	515	180	330
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	235	90	145
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	275	90	185
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	2,995	1,445	1,550
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	2,950	1,410	1,540
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	950	455	495
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	25	15	10
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	2,090	965	1,130
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	135	65	70
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	20	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	140	75	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	50	30	10
Burmese	1,325	600	720	0	0	0
Karenic languages	245	115	135	45	35	15
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	505	240	265
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	385	200	185
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	155	50	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	10	0	10
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	130	90	45
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	0	0	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	120	75	45
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	15	10	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	805	365	440
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	25	0	20
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	265	125	135
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	515	240	275
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	40	15	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	288,575	142,450	146,130
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	269,815	133,435	136,380
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	62,440	32,340	30,100
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	207,375	101,095	106,280
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	18,760	9,015	9,750
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	288,580	142,450	146,130
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	226,995	113,065	113,930
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	58,790	27,950	30,840
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	19,015	9,165	9,850
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	6,535	3,080	3,455
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	11,675	5,535	6,140
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	14,430	6,735	7,690
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	6,735	3,110	3,625
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	7,690	3,625	4,070
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	7,140	3,430	3,710
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	2,790	1,430	1,360
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	58,795	27,950	30,840
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	5,300	2,570	2,730
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	9,370	4,865	4,505
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	16,065	7,050	9,015
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	19,730	9,740	9,990
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	8,325	3,725	4,605
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	58,795	27,950	30,845
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	6,580	2,850	3,725
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	265	110	155
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	165	70	100
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	460	225	240
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	80	40	35
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	95	60	35
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	165	95	75
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	405	180	225
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	80	25	55
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	110	65	45
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	3,065	1,210	1,850
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,685	775	910
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	18,500	9,020	9,485
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	105	50	60
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	70	50	25
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	165	75	95
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	2,445	1,215	1,230
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	100	60	40
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	285	145	140
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	250	95	160
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	285	140	145
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	2,915	1,460	1,450
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	765	335	430
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	150	75	70
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	535	235	295
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	580	260	320
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	90	40	40
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	580	270	305
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	7,005	3,490	3,515
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	2,170	1,005	1,160
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	1,710	855	860
Algeria	1,240	650	595	15	10	10
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	110	70	45
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	30	10	15
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	165	80	85
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	40	25	15
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	115	70	50
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	645	315	330
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	580	280	305
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	31,055	14,725	16,330
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	45	30	20
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	1,145	530	615
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	245	105	140
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	22,525	10,865	11,650
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	180	90	80
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	140	75	65
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	260	100	165
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	1,250	600	655
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	45	30	15
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	340	185	150
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	2,010	685	1,325
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	130	65	60
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	140	70	70
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	255	115	145
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	910	425	485
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,435	745	685
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	945	500	445
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	7,145	3,435	3,705
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	645	290	350
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	25	10	10
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	15	10	10
Cuba	1,200	535	660	10	0	0
Haiti	865	415	450	15	15	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	55	30	25
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	75	30	40
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	350	150	200
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	105	40	60
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	640	360	280
France	1,400	675	725	0	0	0
Germany	915	490	420	45	25	20
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	10	10	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	10	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	50	15	35
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	25	0	25
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	35	25	10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	275	190	85
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	195	90	100
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	245	110	140
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	10	10	10
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	15	0	10
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	0	0	0
Morocco	365	145	220	25	20	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	60	30	30
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	30	10	20
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	110	40	70
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	5,515	2,625	2,890
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	0	0	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	0	10	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	235	100	135
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	0	0	0
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	3,780	1,855	1,925
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	15	10	10
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	15	10	10
Israel	1,665	880	785	0	0	0
Japan	965	265	700	45	15	30
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	345	145	195
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	15	10	0
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	0	0	0
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	65	30	35
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	685	305	385
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	40	15	20
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	115	60	55
Taiwan	760	300	460	15	10	10
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	10	10	10
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	60	20	40
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	60	35	25
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	95	45	50
Australia	1,005	615	390	40	20	20
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	55	30	35
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	288,575	142,450	146,130
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	63,405	30,270	33,135
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	69,870	35,230	34,640
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	155,305	76,945	78,355
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	40,620	19,205	21,415
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	12,665	6,395	6,275
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	5,070	3,240	1,830
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	7,595	3,155	4,440
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	24,890	11,070	13,820
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	2,895	1,665	1,235
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	165	75	95
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	288,575	142,450	146,130
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	22,125	10,535	11,590
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	21,485	10,235	11,250
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	13,625	6,620	7,010
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	7,785	3,600	4,185
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	75	20	55
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	390	210	180
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	250	90	160
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	266,455	131,910	134,540
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	288,580	142,450	146,130
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	9,815	4,665	5,155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	278,760	137,785	140,975
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	288,580	142,445	146,125
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	6,505	3,250	3,260
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	6,395	3,195	3,205
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	5,470	2,790	2,675
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	915	395	520
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	105	55	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	85	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	20	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	17,275	8,120	9,155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	16,635	7,860	8,775
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	10,510	4,965	5,545
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	6,025	2,850	3,175
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	105	45	60
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	640	260	375
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	630	255	375
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	264,800	131,080	133,715
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	288,580	142,445	146,130
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	58,530	28,935	29,600
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	39,925	20,140	19,785
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	3,660	1,785	1,880
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	2,495	1,255	1,240
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	2,700	1,010	1,695
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	2,050	935	1,120
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	505	295	205
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	2,285	1,170	1,120
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	355	225	130
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	2,135	1,005	1,125
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	905	410	495
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	405	195	205
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,110	510	595
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	230,045	113,515	116,530
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	288,580	142,450	146,130
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	23,775	11,370	12,410
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	16,715	8,075	8,650
Inuit	1,360	645	710	145	60	80
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	7,660	3,550	4,110
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	67,825	33,835	33,995
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	270	130	140
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	5,095	2,475	2,620
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	64,230	32,075	32,165
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	85	50	35
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	15	10	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	10	10	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	80	30	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	70	30	35
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	201,995	98,835	103,160
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	125,000	60,795	64,200
Channel Islander	445	235	210	20	10	0
Cornish	205	105	95	10	10	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	77,205	37,025	40,180
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	42,435	19,660	22,775
Manx	815	475	345	50	20	30
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	55,375	26,760	28,615
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	6,845	3,125	3,715
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	7,670	3,785	3,890
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	26,875	12,615	14,260
Alsatian	355	140	215	0	0	0
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	26,875	12,620	14,260
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	84,175	41,065	43,105
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	3,190	1,440	1,750
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	1,110	520	590
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	31,405	15,455	15,945
Flemish	910	430	475	190	90	105
Frisian	400	230	165	230	110	120
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	56,850	27,620	29,230
Luxembourger	305	145	155	20	0	15
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,940	875	1,070
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	40	25	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	24,135	11,565	12,570
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	4,355	2,135	2,220
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	2,350	1,185	1,170
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	1,660	770	890
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	9,410	4,445	4,970
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	7,745	3,595	4,150
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	915	485	430
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	41,805	20,300	21,505
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	185	85	100
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	100	40	60
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	1,085	515	570
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	605	240	365
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	320	170	155
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	4,250	2,090	2,165
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	205	110	100
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	350	145	205
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	30	10	15
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	9,530	4,410	5,120
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	2,065	1,045	1,020
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	12,715	6,390	6,330
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	625	330	295
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	16,660	7,895	8,765
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	160	95	65
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	14,610	7,240	7,370
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	215	95	120
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	155	80	70
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	665	340	325
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	25	20	0
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	1,175	610	560
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	7,715	3,800	3,915
Kosovar	485	255	225	45	25	25
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	25	15	15
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	170	80	90
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	0	10	0
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	1,450	810	640
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	270	150	130
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	45	30	20
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	210	130	75
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	3,040	1,390	1,650
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	300	160	135
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	35	15	25
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,865	1,005	860
Basque	815	400	415	55	30	25
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	705	375	330
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	35	30	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	40	30	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	1,025	545	480
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	1,325	690	635
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	20	20	10
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	15	10	10
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	75	30	45
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	0	0	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	80	35	55
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	10	0	0
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	165	85	80
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	645	350	300
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	0	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	15	15	0
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	200	100	95
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	115	55	55
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	20	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	4,395	2,170	2,225
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	185	85	100
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	100	60	45
Belizean	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	25	20	10
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	370	180	190
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	230	115	120
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	245	135	110
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	75	30	45
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	95	50	40
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	215	90	125
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	80	55	20
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	140	65	70
Honduran	1,750	810	940	70	30	40
Maya	1,135	555	575	10	10	10
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	1,260	640	615
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	95	45	50
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	15	0	10
Paraguayan	305	140	160	410	240	175
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	110	60	55
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	700	310	390
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	15	0	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	55	25	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	270	130	145
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	3,165	1,530	1,635
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	315	165	150
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	20	15	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	10	10	10
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	0	10	0
Edo	935	490	445	20	10	10
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	25	15	15
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	0	0	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	10	0	10
Liberian	335	140	200	10	0	10
Malian	260	140	125	15	10	10
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	130	60	70
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	10	10	0
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	10
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	45	15	25
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	30	15	20
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	535	280	250
Algerian	1,700	835	870	30	25	10
Berber	680	365	315	0	0	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	10	10	0
Dinka	35	25	10	25	20	10
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	185	90	95
Libyan	1,275	685	600	0	0	0
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	105	65	40
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	175	75	100
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	1,020	520	500
Afrikaner	340	175	170	15	10	10
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	0	0	0
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	10	10	0
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	25	10	10
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	125	60	65
Malagasy	180	75	100	10	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	45	15	30
Oromo	830	370	460	0	0	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	0	10	0
Seychellois	165	65	95	10	10	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	15	10	0
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	570	300	265
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	20	10	0
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	10	0	15
Zambian	385	195	190	15	10	10
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	85	35	40
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	125	70	55
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,425	655	770
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	195	85	110
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,240	580	655
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	54,630	27,030	27,605
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	1,680	930	750
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	90	55	35
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	105	55	50
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	125	65	60
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	30	25	10
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	0	0	0
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	10	10	10
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	330	190	140
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	125	75	45
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	100	50	55
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	35	15	20
Kazakh	975	445	530	0	0	10
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	30	25	10
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	15	0	10
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	235	115	120
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	70	55	15
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	30	0	20
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	25	15	10
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	165	80	85
Tajik	1,425	670	755	0	0	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	25	10	15
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	160	100	60
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	20	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	85	60	30
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	39,685	19,980	19,700
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	0	0	0
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	0	0	0
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	34,805	17,475	17,325
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	10	10	0
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	0	0	0
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	0	0	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	15	10	10
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	505	255	250
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	5,325	2,700	2,625
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	35	15	20
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	150	95	55
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	30	15	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	485	245	240
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	13,330	6,160	7,170
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	60	35	30
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	120	60	60
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	5,045	2,425	2,625
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	3,055	1,155	1,905
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	175	90	90
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	1,125	500	625
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	2,150	1,015	1,140
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	550	300	245
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	105	50	50
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	50	35	15
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	10	10	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	125	60	55
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	250	100	155
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	10	0	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,545	785	755
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	55	25	30
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	140	65	70
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	140	65	70
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	1,730	895	835
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	850	445	410
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	215	140	80
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	695	345	360
Fijian	1,185	495	690	400	180	215
Hawaiian	225	115	115	155	60	95
Maori	200	105	90	65	40	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	35	15	20
Samoan	90	45	50	55	40	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	20	15	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	108,290	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	79,170	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	28,880	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	108,295	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	21,270	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	87,025	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	108,295	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	470	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	10,860	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	29,760	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	30,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	36,620	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	108,290	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	26,270	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	15,685	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	14,445	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	13,095	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	38,795	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	108,295	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	105,945	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	2,350	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	108,295	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	103,175	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	5,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	108,290	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	10,250	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	29,350	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	19,285	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	23,335	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	8,240	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	11,295	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	6,540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	108,290	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	102,225	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	6,070	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	108,295	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	61,475	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	42,600	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	4,225	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	108,295	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	2,885	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	13,845	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	17,640	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	22,050	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	22,150	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	16,795	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	9,435	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	3,490	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	102,825	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	76,925	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	25,905	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	22,620	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	74,470	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	18.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,216	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,311	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	439,016	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	476,586	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	28,475	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	41.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	878	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	975	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	235,145	114,785	120,360
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	48,795	25,150	23,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	79,805	39,250	40,550
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	106,555	50,380	56,170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	24,005	17,660	6,345
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	10,590	6,220	4,375
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	13,415	11,440	1,975
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	40,315	14,680	25,640
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	9,940	3,650	6,290
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	32,295	14,400	17,895
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	21,095	9,040	12,055
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	3,090	1,080	2,010
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	1,165	765	400
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	6,200	2,995	3,205
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	735	520	215
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	150,240	73,160	77,080
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	21,340	12,005	9,340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	49,615	24,855	24,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	79,285	36,300	42,985
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	16,435	12,240	4,195
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	7,195	4,235	2,955
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	9,240	8,005	1,235
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	30,150	10,800	19,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	7,205	2,585	4,625
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	25,490	10,675	14,810
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	16,730	6,810	9,920
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	2,435	800	1,640
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	885	570	315
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	4,950	2,195	2,750
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	490	305	185
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	235,145	114,785	120,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	128,590	64,400	64,195
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	8,555	2,210	6,340
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	8,555	2,210	6,340
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	3,075	1,325	1,755
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	670	505	160
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	2,405	810	1,590
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	7,335	3,185	4,150
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	495	135	360
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	1,240	330	910
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,280	890	1,395
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	375	230	140
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	1,910	1,120	795
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	885	450	430
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	140	25	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	9,895	3,080	6,810
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	95	40	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	475	205	270
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	2,545	155	2,390
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,505	395	1,110
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	175	50	130
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	1,735	485	1,250
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	3,370	1,760	1,615
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	18,380	6,060	12,315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	55	0	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	1,750	375	1,375
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	16,570	5,675	10,895
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	2,490	1,310	1,180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	985	430	555
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	710	365	345
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	540	425	115
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	245	85	165
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	2,760	1,675	1,085
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	2,215	1,475	740
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	265	15	255
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	270	190	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	15	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	23,695	22,405	1,290
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	270	225	45
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	2,575	2,320	255
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	3,385	3,010	375
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	6,805	6,565	240
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	7,050	6,800	255
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	3,610	3,485	120
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	2,960	1,880	1,080
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	2,155	1,295	860
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	805	580	220
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	18,960	3,260	15,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,075	530	540
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	17,555	2,515	15,040
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	330	215	115
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	8,445	3,995	4,445
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	5,135	1,305	3,835
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	35	30	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	115	115	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	1,350	915	430
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,815	1,630	180
Other	335	95	235	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	150,240	73,160	77,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	70,955	36,855	34,100
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	5,980	1,405	4,580
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	5,980	1,400	4,580
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	2,360	925	1,430
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	460	320	135
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	1,895	605	1,295
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	5,480	2,260	3,215
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	370	90	275
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	910	250	660
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,905	695	1,210
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	280	185	95
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	1,210	710	500
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	710	320	385
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	90	10	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	7,925	2,335	5,585
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	80	35	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	370	155	215
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	2,035	110	1,925
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,225	300	925
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	135	40	100
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	1,300	305	1,000
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	2,765	1,385	1,385
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	13,895	4,465	9,435
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	25	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	1,380	270	1,110
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	12,495	4,190	8,305
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	1,685	825	860
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	690	290	405
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	475	225	255
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	355	270	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	150	40	115
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	2,355	1,460	895
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	1,960	1,330	635
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	205	15	190
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	170	120	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	16,865	15,805	1,060
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	205	165	40
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	1,790	1,580	215
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	2,410	2,125	285
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	5,005	4,785	220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	4,970	4,775	195
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	2,485	2,375	105
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	2,265	1,425	845
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	1,640	990	645
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	625	435	195
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	14,225	2,480	11,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	845	420	425
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	13,110	1,875	11,230
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	265	175	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	6,245	2,930	3,315
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	3,740	965	2,775
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	45	50	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	1,140	760	380
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	1,315	1,160	155
Other	285	80	205	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	235,145	114,785	120,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	128,590	64,400	64,190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	106,555	50,385	56,170
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	89,500	41,740	47,760
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	73,145	33,625	39,520
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	16,355	8,115	8,240
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	17,050	8,640	8,410
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	3,270	1,795	1,470
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	980	295	690
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	4,235	2,070	2,165
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	2,300	1,355	945
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	450	180	270
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	55	25	30
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	5,755	2,920	2,840
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	150,240	73,160	77,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	70,955	36,855	34,100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	79,280	36,300	42,980
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	67,110	30,575	36,535
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	56,330	25,335	30,995
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	10,775	5,235	5,540
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	12,175	5,730	6,445
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	2,190	1,140	1,060
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	865	260	610
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	3,600	1,680	1,925
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	1,055	590	465
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	420	165	250
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	45	25	15
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	3,995	1,870	2,120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	235,145	114,785	120,365
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	149,070	78,980	70,090
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	139,065	73,880	65,185
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	10,005	5,105	4,905
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	86,075	35,800	50,270
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	63.4	68.8	58.2
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	59.1	64.4	54.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	6.7	6.5	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	235,145	114,785	120,360
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	79,870	33,200	46,665
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	155,275	81,585	73,695
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	73,430	44,325	29,105
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	81,845	37,260	44,585
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.0	43.0	40.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	149,070	78,980	70,090
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	2,745	1,320	1,425
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	146,330	77,660	68,665
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	126,325	64,935	61,390
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	20,005	12,730	7,275
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	149,070	78,980	70,090
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	2,740	1,315	1,425
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	146,330	77,665	68,670
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	15,370	10,145	5,230
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	19,345	4,735	14,610
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	5,520	4,510	1,010
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	9,360	1,795	7,565
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	15,975	5,105	10,865
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	3,165	1,370	1,795
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	32,865	12,390	20,470
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	29,880	28,215	1,670
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	7,540	4,220	3,315
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	7,310	5,175	2,140
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	149,070	78,980	70,090
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	2,745	1,320	1,425
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	146,330	77,660	68,665
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	9,690	5,140	4,545
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	815	730	80
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	495	405	90
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	15,580	13,755	1,820
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	13,565	10,155	3,410
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	5,275	3,765	1,505
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	16,395	7,060	9,335
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	9,905	8,110	1,800
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	1,865	1,110	750
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	3,815	1,320	2,495
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	2,290	1,175	1,115
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	6,465	3,290	3,175
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	205	110	95
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	7,065	4,140	2,930
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	9,340	2,715	6,625
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	15,395	2,375	13,015
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	2,080	985	1,100
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	10,815	3,650	7,170
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	7,645	3,580	4,065
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	7,630	4,090	3,540
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	139,065	73,875	65,185
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	11,240	5,375	5,860
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	520	350	170
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	24,430	18,695	5,735
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	102,880	49,465	53,410
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	102,875	49,460	53,415
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	57,715	24,525	33,185
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	19,040	8,720	10,320
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	25,545	15,800	9,745
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	575	415	160
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	127,305	68,155	59,150
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	107,505	58,330	49,175
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	9,300	4,615	4,685
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	2,780	1,240	1,540
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	4,835	2,165	2,670
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,070	785	285
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,815	1,020	795
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	127,305	68,155	59,150
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	43,690	19,225	24,460
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	38,315	18,980	19,340
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	21,105	12,535	8,570
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	9,605	6,320	3,285
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	14,600	11,095	3,500
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	127,305	68,155	59,150
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	14,265	10,690	3,575
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	24,285	15,905	8,380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	30,265	15,555	14,715
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	22,565	8,875	13,690
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	13,635	5,080	8,560
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	22,290	12,055	10,230
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	161,125	84,255	76,875
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	158,190	82,585	75,605
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	152,800	79,855	72,945
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	152,570	79,810	72,765
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	230	50	180
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	5,390	2,735	2,660
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	5,385	2,735	2,650
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	25	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	20	20	10
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	25	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	175	85	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	175	85	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	10	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	15	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	4,635	2,360	2,275
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	10	0	10
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	10
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	0	0	0
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	80	45	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	55	30	20
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	4,415	2,240	2,170
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	4,405	2,235	2,170
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	4,390	2,230	2,160
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	10	0	10
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	10	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	135	75	55
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	0	0	0
Romanian	245	105	140	10	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	130	75	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	210	85	130
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	20	10	15
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	15	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	280	160	120
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	270	145	120
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	85	50	30
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	155	85	75
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	30	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	10	15	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	10	10	10
Lao	10	0	10	10	0	10
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	2,935	1,665	1,270
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	165	65	100
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	2,750	1,590	1,160
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	161,125	84,255	76,870
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	152,795	79,810	72,990
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	2,000	1,080	920
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	835	365	475
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	5,410	2,965	2,450
Aboriginal	155	50	105	20	0	20
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	5,385	2,960	2,430
English and French	85	45	45	10	10	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	10	0	0
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	65	25	40
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	285,250	140,690	144,565
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	241,125	118,995	122,130
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	44,130	21,695	22,435
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	23,750	11,675	12,075
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	20,380	10,020	10,365
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	18,135	8,985	9,150
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	15,075	7,360	7,715
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	3,060	1,620	1,435
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	2,245	1,035	1,205
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	271,145	133,480	137,665
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	154,220	76,405	77,815
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	116,925	57,080	59,850
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	62,730	30,680	32,050
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	54,195	26,400	27,800
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	46,135	22,420	23,710
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	38,560	18,635	19,925
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	7,575	3,790	3,785
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	8,065	3,975	4,085