Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Richmond Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Richmond Health Service Delivery Area British Columbia [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Richmond Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia  Map : Richmond Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	198,309	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	190,473	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	77,478	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	73,457	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,534.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	129.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	198,310	94,655	103,650
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	27,245	14,020	13,220
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	8,905	4,580	4,330
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	8,925	4,550	4,375
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	9,410	4,895	4,515
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	137,420	65,145	72,275
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	11,530	5,935	5,590
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	13,800	7,100	6,695
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	13,860	6,920	6,935
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	12,730	6,175	6,550
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	11,635	5,515	6,115
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	12,305	5,360	6,945
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	15,020	6,630	8,395
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	16,560	7,550	9,015
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	15,830	7,265	8,565
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	14,155	6,695	7,465
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	33,650	15,490	18,155
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	12,050	5,740	6,305
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	7,530	3,610	3,925
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	5,730	2,650	3,080
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	4,265	1,970	2,300
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	4,065	1,525	2,545
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	2,580	1,050	1,535
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	1,100	365	730
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	325	100	225
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	60	10	50
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	13.7	14.8	12.8
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	69.3	68.8	69.7
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	17.0	16.4	17.5
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.0	1.6	2.5
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	42.2	41.1	43.2
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	43.5	41.6	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	73,455	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	24,310	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	10,400	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	38,675	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	1,650	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	14,595	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	4,685	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	17,730	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	73,460	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	16,785	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	22,605	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	14,665	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	11,780	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	7,620	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	196,665	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	171,065	80,635	90,430
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	101,765	50,075	51,685
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	94,525	46,475	48,045
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	7,240	3,600	3,640
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	69,305	30,560	38,750
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	48,055	24,760	23,300
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	3,480	1,275	2,205
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	9,815	3,100	6,715
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	7,950	1,420	6,530
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	57,975	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	26,410	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	15,955	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	12,090	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	3,515	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	57,970	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	48,260	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	44,640	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	3,620	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	9,715	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	8,075	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	1,635	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	48,260	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	20,030	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	28,230	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	13,265	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	11,570	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	3,395	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	9,710	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	6,380	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	2,695	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	645	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	29,140	12,080	17,060
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	73,460	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	50,510	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	16,800	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	33,710	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	3,590	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	19,355	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	16,785	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	2,565	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	197,250	94,270	102,985
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	165,465	80,635	84,830
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	60	30	30
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	9,615	4,340	5,270
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	22,110	9,260	12,850
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	197,255	94,270	102,985
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	173,085	84,005	89,080
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	1,070	570	500
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	1,260	570	690
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	21,840	9,120	12,715
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	1,700	855	845
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	0.9	0.9	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	197,255	94,265	102,985
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	189,355	90,440	98,920
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	66,365	34,120	32,245
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	65,350	33,565	31,785
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	1,015	555	465
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	122,995	56,320	66,675
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	20	5	15
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	10	0	5
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	5	0	5
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	5	0	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	122,975	56,315	66,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	1,745	930	820
Berber languages	220	130	90	10	10	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	115	60	55
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	5	5	0
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	110	55	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	1,620	855	760
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	40	25	20
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,210	650	555
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	40	20	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	15	15	0
Harari	930	435	490	10	5	10
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	265	130	135
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5	5	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	25	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	835	370	465
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	35	15	20
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	800	350	450
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	9,305	3,955	5,350
Bikol	470	210	260	70	40	35
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	330	150	185
Fijian	55	25	25	25	5	20
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	115	50	65
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	385	150	230
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	375	175	195
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	130	65	70
Pangasinan	450	185	270	10	10	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	7,780	3,280	4,495
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	20	10	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	60	25	35
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	35	15	20
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	380	200	180
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	15	5	10
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	105	50	50
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	220	115	105
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	35	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	17,930	8,625	9,305
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	40	25	15
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	70	40	30
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	3,490	1,645	1,845
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	35	20	15
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	20	15	10
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	10	10	5
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	3,455	1,625	1,835
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	0	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	40	20	15
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	35	10	20
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	215	105	105
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	145	65	75
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	15	10	5
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	340	160	180
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	2,025	950	1,080
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	195	105	90
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	45	20	20
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	55	30	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	20	10	10
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	305	125	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	10	5	10
Celtic languages	460	210	250	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	5	0	5
Welsh	150	65	85	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	1,955	965	990
Afrikaans	985	475	510	40	15	20
Danish	1,570	710	855	115	60	50
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	370	190	180
Frisian	135	60	75	0	0	5
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	1,300	630	670
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	5	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	35	20	10
Swedish	1,140	485	660	40	15	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	10	5	5
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	30	20	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	265	140	125
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	9,340	4,495	4,850
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	8,230	3,950	4,280
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	135	75	65
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	560	250	305
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	1,100	485	615
Kashmiri	275	140	140	5	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	20	10	15
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	35	20	15
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	40	20	20
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	5,245	2,550	2,695
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	180	85	100
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	65	30	30
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	850	420	425
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,080	520	555
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	25	15	15
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	30	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	1,020	495	525
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	35	20	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	2,765	1,320	1,445
Catalan	165	90	75	5	5	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	315	165	150
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	390	195	195
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	255	130	120
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,805	825	975
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	2,155	810	1,345
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	0	5	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	5	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	1,115	470	640
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	30	15	15
Mongolian	345	155	190	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	100	45	55
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	10	5	5
Bamanankan	60	30	30	5	0	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	5
Ewe	370	185	190	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	0	0
Ga	440	200	245	0	0	0
Ganda	515	245	270	5	0	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	0	0	0
Lingala	375	175	200	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	10	5	0
Shona	680	325	355	5	0	5
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	25	15	10
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	10	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	0	0	0
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	40	15	20
American Sign Language	470	250	220	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	25	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	88,460	40,470	47,990
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	88,310	40,395	47,915
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	43,295	20,015	23,280
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	350	150	200
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	39,450	17,915	21,535
Min Dong	765	370	395	20	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	2,505	1,135	1,370
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	1,220	535	685
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	1,440	630	810
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	30	10	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	145	70	75
Burmese	1,005	450	555	115	45	65
Karenic languages	265	125	140	5	5	5
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	175	50	130
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	15	5	10
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	160	40	120
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	400	225	175
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	25	15	10
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	355	200	155
Uyghur	385	195	195	5	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	15	10	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	250	115	135
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	15	5	5
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	65	20	45
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	165	90	80
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	15	5	10
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	7,895	3,835	4,065
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	255	130	120
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	7,425	3,590	3,830
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	95	45	50
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	125	60	60
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	197,255	94,270	102,985
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	177,025	84,725	92,305
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	90,390	44,995	45,395
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	90,045	44,820	45,230
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	340	175	165
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	86,640	39,730	46,905
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	86,635	39,730	46,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	930	465	460
Berber languages	65	30	30	5	5	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	45	15	30
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	0	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	45	15	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	880	445	435
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	10	5	10
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	715	370	345
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	15	5	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	10	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	10	5	5
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	120	60	60
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	410	210	205
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	15	10	10
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	395	195	200
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	4,040	1,830	2,215
Bikol	85	35	45	5	5	5
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	90	40	50
Fijian	10	10	5	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	35	15	15
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	80	35	50
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	120	60	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	25	10	10
Pangasinan	80	35	40	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	3,665	1,655	2,010
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	10	5	5
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	20	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	180	85	95
Kannada	830	415	410	0	5	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	35	15	20
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	120	60	60
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	8,460	3,985	4,475
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	30	20	10
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	35	20	15
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,910	900	1,005
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	20	5	10
Latvian	600	245	355	15	10	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	5	5
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,890	890	995
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	20	10	5
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	15	5	5
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	55	25	35
Czech	1,415	685	730	40	20	25
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	10	5	5
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	115	55	60
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	1,380	645	735
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	115	60	55
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	5	5	5
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	25	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	0	0	0
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	105	50	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	220	100	115
Afrikaans	265	125	145	10	5	5
Danish	135	65	75	10	0	5
Dutch	655	300	350	30	15	15
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	160	75	85
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	5	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	95	40	55
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	4,840	2,275	2,560
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	4,205	1,980	2,230
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	75	40	40
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	250	105	145
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	380	175	205
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	5	5	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	25	15	10
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	25	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	2,900	1,365	1,535
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	70	30	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	10	5	5
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	460	225	230
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	625	295	330
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	10	0	5
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	595	280	315
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,330	630	705
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	45	25	20
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	180	95	80
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	105	50	55
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,005	455	545
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	1,090	450	645
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	5	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	5	0	5
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	665	295	370
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	20	10	10
Mongolian	200	100	95	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	5	0	5
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	5	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	0	5	0
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	50	30	25
American Sign Language	720	375	345	20	5	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	30	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	70,450	32,210	38,245
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	70,380	32,170	38,210
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	34,795	15,790	19,005
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	110	45	70
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	32,660	15,095	17,570
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	1,130	520	605
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	695	310	380
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	965	400	565
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	75	40	35
Burmese	575	260	310	60	30	35
Karenic languages	215	105	110	5	5	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	60	25	40
Lao	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Thai	575	255	320	55	25	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	5	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	185	105	85
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	0	0	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	180	100	75
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	5	0	5
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	30	10	20
Estonian	650	240	410	5	0	5
Finnish	510	220	290	10	0	10
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	0	0	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	20,230	9,545	10,685
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	180	105	75
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	19,820	9,335	10,485
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	195	90	110
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	197,255	94,265	102,985
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	140,290	67,525	72,770
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	29,100	13,820	15,280
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	875	375	505
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	25,945	12,085	13,865
Aboriginal	480	205	275	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	25,925	12,070	13,855
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	90	40	50
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	755	335	420
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	190	95	95
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	169,440	80,040	89,405
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	161,835	76,360	85,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	25,842	30,368	22,751
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	162,125	76,635	85,485
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	24,129	27,216	21,903
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	143,920	68,910	75,010
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	26,127	31,352	21,982
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	117,450	49,505	67,950
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	1,562	771	2,382
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	113,230	56,245	56,990
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	29,513	33,937	25,594
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	169,440	80,085	89,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	161,920	76,250	85,675
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	38,039	44,062	32,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	162,265	76,580	85,685
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	32,071	36,105	28,466
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	143,985	68,765	75,225
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	38,294	45,123	32,051
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	117,775	49,630	68,145
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	5,481	5,174	5,706
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	113,230	56,225	57,005
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	40,120	46,366	33,959
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	169,440	80,085	89,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	46,015	25,420	20,600
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	51,059	55,820	47,060
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	61,759	67,743	54,374
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	89.6	92.4	86.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	73.7	77.5	69.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	10.4	7.6	13.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	169,445	80,040	89,400
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	7,605	3,685	3,925
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	161,835	76,360	85,475
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.5	95.4	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	35,960	15,555	20,410
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	31,875	13,360	18,515
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	20,600	8,945	11,660
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	16,865	7,615	9,250
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	14,075	6,625	7,450
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	10,795	5,320	5,475
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	8,280	4,465	3,815
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	6,100	3,425	2,675
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	4,640	2,705	1,935
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	3,190	1,905	1,290
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	9,455	6,435	3,020
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	6,380	4,205	2,175
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	3,075	2,230	845
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	169,440	80,040	89,400
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	7,320	3,410	3,910
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	162,120	76,635	85,490
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.7	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	37,105	16,335	20,775
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	33,170	14,120	19,055
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	24,015	10,585	13,430
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	19,290	8,805	10,480
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	15,175	7,280	7,900
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	11,090	5,895	5,190
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	7,370	4,140	3,230
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	4,985	2,895	2,095
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	9,920	6,585	3,335
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	3,175	1,960	1,210
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	1,930	1,235	690
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	4,820	3,390	1,430
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	169,445	80,040	89,400
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	56,215	23,800	32,410
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	113,235	56,240	56,990
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	66.8	70.3	63.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	17,005	7,565	9,440
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	9,550	4,205	5,345
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	16,955	7,655	9,300
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	13,675	6,340	7,340
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	12,335	5,730	6,605
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	10,720	5,145	5,570
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	8,195	4,095	4,100
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	6,330	3,630	2,700
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	4,850	2,820	2,030
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	13,625	9,060	4,560
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	3,750	2,235	1,510
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	2,585	1,585	1,000
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	7,290	5,240	2,050
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	73,455	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	65,241	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	57,779	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	16,785	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	33,578	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	30,253	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	56,670	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	78,549	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	69,812	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	73,455	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	83,850	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	70,844	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	16,775	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	43,205	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	36,383	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	56,680	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	95,881	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	81,044	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	73,460	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	3,190	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	1,500	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	2,070	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	3,190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	2,900	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	3,470	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	3,205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	3,100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	2,930	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	2,960	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	5,520	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	5,055	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	4,570	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	4,025	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	3,755	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	22,025	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	7,345	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	5,020	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	5,300	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	4,355	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	73,460	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	3,375	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	1,510	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	2,115	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	3,280	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	3,275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	3,955	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	3,820	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	3,550	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	3,470	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	3,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	6,305	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	5,545	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	4,945	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	4,440	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	3,700	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	16,835	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	7,025	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	4,005	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	5,805	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	55,270	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	78,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	69,419	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	16,265	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	69,309	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	61,533	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	28,145	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	95,173	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	84,405	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	8,645	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	49,493	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	45,551	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	55,235	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	95,630	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	80,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	16,185	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	85,275	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	71,414	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	28,210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	112,507	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	94,625	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	8,610	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	62,070	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	54,270	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	22,965	10,135	12,830
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	28,373	30,321	27,110
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	26,244	27,597	25,436
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	22,910	10,095	12,810
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	38,281	41,734	35,559
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	32,456	34,691	30,694
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	196,665	94,055	102,610
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	108,800	50,790	58,010
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	32,055	14,795	17,260
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	22,630	10,390	12,240
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	19,035	8,940	10,090
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	17,485	8,270	9,215
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	17,605	8,390	9,215
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	87,855	43,260	44,600
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	17,545	8,365	9,180
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	18,030	8,840	9,190
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	17,810	8,840	8,970
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	17,975	8,930	9,040
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	16,500	8,280	8,220
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	196,665	94,055	102,605
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	33,840	17,355	16,485
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	10,540	5,430	5,110
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	130,420	61,600	68,820
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	32,400	15,100	17,300
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	44,000	20,240	23,760
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	8,650	4,350	4,305
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	2,695	1,370	1,325
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	28,170	12,700	15,475
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	7,175	3,190	3,985
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	22.4	21.5	23.2
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	25.6	25.1	26.1
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	25.6	25.2	25.9
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	21.6	20.6	22.5
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	22.1	21.1	23.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	35,530	16,330	19,200
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	7,100	3,550	3,550
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	2,175	1,105	1,075
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	24,110	10,970	13,135
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	4,320	1,805	2,520
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	18.1	17.4	18.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	21.0	20.5	21.5
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	20.6	20.3	21.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	18.5	17.8	19.1
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	13.3	12.0	14.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	196,665	94,060	102,605
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	174,630	84,660	89,975
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	174,580	84,640	89,940
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	9,630	4,375	5,255
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	142,095	66,015	76,080
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	40	15	20
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	10	0	10
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	10	10	0
Dakota	10	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	142,060	66,005	76,055
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	2,565	1,305	1,260
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	180	100	75
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	180	100	80
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	2,445	1,240	1,200
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	45	20	30
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	1,680	885	790
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	15	10	10
Harari	1,250	635	620	30	15	10
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	670	310	355
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	20	10	10
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	10	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	15	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,055	475	580
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	45	25	20
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,010	450	560
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	13,325	5,725	7,600
Bikol	580	260	325	80	35	50
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	485	210	265
Fijian	50	20	30	55	15	40
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	160	55	100
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	395	170	225
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	655	330	330
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	125	60	65
Pangasinan	450	200	255	50	25	25
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	12,250	5,230	7,020
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	20	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	160	70	90
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	140	65	75
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	70	30	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	70	35	35
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	515	285	230
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	40	25	15
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	80	40	35
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	330	185	145
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	50	30	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	20	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	23,900	11,720	12,180
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	75	40	40
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	80	40	40
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	3,890	1,890	2,000
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	0	0	0
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	0	0	0
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	0	0	0
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	3,885	1,885	2,005
Belarusan	945	495	450	20	10	10
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	50	25	20
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	70	25	40
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	280	130	150
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	150	75	75
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	25	15	15
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	440	230	205
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	2,500	1,190	1,310
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	320	165	155
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	40	25	10
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	35	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	15	0	10
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	420	205	215
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	10	0	10
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	10	10	0
Welsh	235	115	125	10	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	15	10	10
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	2,755	1,380	1,375
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	190	85	95
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	165	105	60
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	400	205	195
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	1,915	945	965
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	35	20	10
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	80	45	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	10	10	0
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	70	35	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	410	240	170
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	12,385	6,055	6,330
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	11,240	5,505	5,735
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	180	100	80
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	1,115	500	610
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	3,225	1,565	1,660
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	85	40	45
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	115	60	55
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	6,935	3,475	3,465
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	340	130	205
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	120	55	65
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	1,460	765	690
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,140	540	600
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	25	15	15
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	45	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,085	515	570
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	75	50	30
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	4,865	2,360	2,500
Catalan	315	165	150	10	10	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	645	330	320
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	520	245	275
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	305	170	135
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	3,595	1,730	1,870
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	15	0	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	3,655	1,635	2,020
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	10	10	10
Georgian	1,465	740	725	15	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	1,255	570	685
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	50	10	45
Mongolian	445	190	255	55	10	40
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	300	165	145
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	10	0	10
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	15	0	10
Ewe	520	270	250	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	0	0	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	0	10	0
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	0	0	0
Shona	1,175	515	655	25	15	15
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	195	110	85
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	45	20	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	0	0	0
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	0	0	0
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	120	25	100
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	45	10	40
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	75	10	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	98,600	45,675	52,925
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	98,490	45,635	52,850
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	53,235	24,815	28,425
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	405	180	230
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	58,780	26,575	32,210
Min Dong	710	285	425	25	15	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	3,600	1,630	1,965
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	1,680	760	915
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	1,540	685	860
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	50	15	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	170	70	100
Burmese	1,325	600	720	155	55	95
Karenic languages	245	115	135	10	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	15	15	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	210	60	145
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	15	0	15
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	190	60	135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	480	280	200
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	15	10	10
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	420	240	175
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	50	30	20
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	295	155	135
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	20	0	10
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	45	20	25
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	230	135	100
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	25	0	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	196,660	94,060	102,605
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	162,450	78,330	84,120
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	29,630	15,305	14,330
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	132,825	63,030	69,790
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	34,210	15,730	18,485
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	196,665	94,055	102,605
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	71,855	36,670	35,185
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	118,305	54,400	63,905
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	17,135	8,265	8,875
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	13,900	6,540	7,355
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	39,180	17,825	21,360
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	32,835	14,795	18,045
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	15,265	6,915	8,340
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	17,575	7,875	9,700
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	15,250	6,975	8,275
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	6,510	2,990	3,515
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	118,300	54,400	63,905
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	8,435	4,330	4,105
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	18,545	9,605	8,940
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	20,710	9,695	11,010
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	52,920	22,410	30,505
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	17,695	8,355	9,340
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	118,305	54,400	63,900
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	3,850	1,810	2,045
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	155	70	80
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	105	50	55
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	145	70	70
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	40	25	15
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	10	0	0
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	115	50	60
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	425	165	255
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	280	115	170
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	195	100	95
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,480	740	740
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	910	420	490
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	8,410	4,190	4,215
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	105	60	45
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	140	65	75
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	125	70	55
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	725	375	350
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	155	95	55
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	110	60	50
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	165	70	90
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	200	120	85
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	300	170	125
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	340	170	170
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	170	95	75
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	290	145	140
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	985	435	550
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	160	65	95
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	655	335	320
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	2,760	1,320	1,435
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	1,030	550	480
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	2,325	1,195	1,135
Algeria	1,240	650	595	65	35	30
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	225	140	80
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	50	15	35
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	425	185	245
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	50	15	35
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	55	30	25
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	135	85	50
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	500	260	245
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	820	430	390
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	102,475	46,650	55,820
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	175	80	100
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	105	55	50
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	42,755	19,205	23,550
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	23,185	10,800	12,385
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	5,080	2,445	2,640
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	750	380	365
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	410	210	200
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	1,345	445	895
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	950	425	520
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	105	50	55
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	1,035	520	515
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	12,985	5,790	7,195
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	300	160	140
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	135	75	60
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	7,530	3,405	4,125
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	1,050	470	575
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	4,590	2,135	2,455
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	1,240	550	690
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	15,245	6,970	8,275
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	420	210	215
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	40	15	25
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	20	15	0
Cuba	1,200	535	660	10	0	10
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	0	0	0
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	75	40	40
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	190	95	95
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	90	45	40
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	415	200	220
France	1,400	675	725	15	15	10
Germany	915	490	420	35	20	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	35	15	20
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	10	0	10
Romania	1,490	590	900	10	0	10
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	155	50	100
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	70	30	35
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	35	20	15
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	55	35	25
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	175	110	70
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	50	30	15
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	10	0	0
Morocco	365	145	220	0	0	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	15	10	0
Somalia	1,155	555	600	20	15	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	35	10	20
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	40	30	10
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	14,165	6,425	7,740
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	10	0	10
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	10	10	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	8,945	3,985	4,960
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	485	200	290
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	570	290	280
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	80	50	30
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	125	65	60
Israel	1,665	880	785	45	10	30
Japan	965	265	700	195	60	130
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	170	95	80
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	20	10	10
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	0	0	0
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	265	155	115
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	2,140	950	1,190
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	50	30	20
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	20	10	10
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	95	45	50
Taiwan	760	300	460	470	210	260
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	15	15	10
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	10	0	0
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	65	30	30
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	380	205	175
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	65	35	30
Australia	1,005	615	390	25	15	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	40	20	20
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	196,665	94,055	102,605
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	125,990	58,015	67,980
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	44,020	22,480	21,545
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	26,655	13,570	13,080
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	102,335	46,685	55,655
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	71,885	34,395	37,490
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	24,910	15,235	9,670
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	46,975	19,155	27,820
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	24,460	9,355	15,100
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	3,470	1,815	1,655
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	2,525	1,115	1,410
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	196,665	94,055	102,605
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	1,600	745	850
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	1,555	725	830
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	920	460	455
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	615	255	365
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	25	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	195,065	93,310	101,755
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	196,660	94,060	102,605
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	660	335	320
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	196,005	93,725	102,280
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	196,665	94,060	102,605
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	330	150	185
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	325	150	175
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	280	130	150
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	45	15	30
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	1,715	775	935
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	1,620	740	880
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	1,105	545	560
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	500	195	310
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	95	35	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	90	35	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	194,620	93,135	101,490
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	196,665	94,055	102,605
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	150,015	70,525	79,485
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	14,360	7,165	7,190
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	104,185	48,730	55,460
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	1,270	630	635
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	13,570	6,090	7,485
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,585	730	855
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	1,485	795	685
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	1,955	865	1,090
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,230	615	615
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	1,290	600	690
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	3,940	1,820	2,120
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	390	185	210
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	4,760	2,300	2,460
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	46,645	23,530	23,120
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	196,665	94,055	102,605
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	2,040	925	1,115
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	1,480	705	770
Inuit	1,360	645	710	20	0	15
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	640	245	395
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	14,455	7,360	7,090
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	35	15	20
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	1,400	730	670
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	13,540	6,890	6,655
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	20	10	10
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	0	0	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	0	0	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	35	30	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	10	0	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	49,925	24,775	25,155
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	29,380	14,410	14,970
Channel Islander	445	235	210	10	0	0
Cornish	205	105	95	0	10	10
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	18,015	8,925	9,090
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	9,960	4,525	5,435
Manx	815	475	345	80	35	45
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	12,985	6,450	6,540
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	1,670	820	845
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	2,085	1,020	1,070
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	5,450	2,655	2,790
Alsatian	355	140	215	0	0	0
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	10	0	10
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	5,450	2,655	2,790
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	11,850	5,910	5,940
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	855	400	450
Bavarian	155	65	85	10	10	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	340	150	190
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	2,935	1,430	1,505
Flemish	910	430	475	40	20	25
Frisian	400	230	165	0	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	8,525	4,280	4,245
Luxembourger	305	145	155	0	0	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	320	155	165
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	20	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	4,530	2,240	2,290
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	1,010	500	505
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	470	250	220
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	405	220	190
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	1,400	645	755
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	1,435	705	725
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	195	120	75
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	11,455	5,700	5,755
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	110	55	60
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	190	105	85
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	400	195	205
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	110	55	55
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	95	65	35
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	925	510	405
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	90	55	35
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	180	100	85
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	25	15	15
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	2,860	1,355	1,505
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	755	405	350
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	3,535	1,720	1,815
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	125	65	65
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	4,330	2,060	2,270
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	250	105	145
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	8,990	4,450	4,545
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	85	40	45
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	50	35	20
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	635	345	290
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	30	20	10
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	770	420	350
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	2,275	1,180	1,100
Kosovar	485	255	225	0	0	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	40	25	15
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	40	15	25
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	15	10	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	1,355	665	690
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	420	220	200
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	10	0	10
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	65	25	45
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	3,730	1,735	1,995
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	150	80	75
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	0	10	0
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,365	690	675
Basque	815	400	415	15	10	0
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,070	550	515
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	15	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	25	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	260	115	145
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	865	425	445
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	10	0	10
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	85	35	50
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	10	0	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	10	0	10
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	50	25	20
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	35	10	25
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	10	10	0
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	35	25	10
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	295	165	135
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	10	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	0	0	0
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	210	100	110
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	45	15	30
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	95	50	40
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	2,300	1,110	1,195
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	90	45	50
Arawak	710	315	395	10	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	60	35	30
Belizean	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	0	0	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	145	55	90
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	185	100	85
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	95	40	55
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	50	15	30
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	25	20	10
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	75	20	50
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	45	25	25
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	80	45	35
Honduran	1,750	810	940	10	10	10
Maya	1,135	555	575	10	10	10
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	750	355	395
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	100	50	50
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	10	0	10
Paraguayan	305	140	160	15	15	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	300	150	150
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	165	90	75
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	10	0	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	90	35	55
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	120	50	70
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	2,005	995	1,015
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	190	80	105
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	0	0	0
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	0	0	0
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	50	20	40
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	0	0	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	0	0	0
Liberian	335	140	200	15	0	10
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	85	45	45
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	0	0	0
Togolese	315	205	105	15	10	10
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	25	10	15
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	505	280	220
Algerian	1,700	835	870	10	10	0
Berber	680	365	315	35	25	15
Coptic	1,815	935	885	0	0	0
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	260	160	105
Libyan	1,275	685	600	55	45	15
Maure	235	130	105	10	0	10
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	75	30	45
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	20	0	10
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	15	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	30	10	20
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	795	380	410
Afrikaner	340	175	170	20	10	10
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	0	0	0
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	20	0	15
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	70	40	30
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	85	20	65
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	35	15	25
Oromo	830	370	460	0	0	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	25	10	10
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	200	110	95
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	215	125	95
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	10	0	10
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	20	0	20
Zambian	385	195	190	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	10	10	0
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	120	55	60
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	590	270	315
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	95	55	40
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	495	220	275
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	147,040	69,115	77,930
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	3,980	2,030	1,940
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	330	150	180
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	370	155	215
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	135	70	65
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	85	50	35
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	35	15	15
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,075	545	530
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	500	270	235
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	305	155	150
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	75	40	30
Kazakh	975	445	530	20	10	15
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	45	30	10
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	10	10	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	20	10	10
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	185	105	80
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	290	175	115
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	25	20	10
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	195	105	95
Tajik	1,425	670	755	10	10	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	35	20	10
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	435	240	195
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	60	20	40
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	150	80	70
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	14,485	7,255	7,225
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	60	25	35
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	45	25	20
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	12,335	6,150	6,190
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	80	35	45
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	45	25	20
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	0	0	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	10	10	0
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	985	530	460
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	875	460	415
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	415	220	195
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	85	30	50
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	345	175	170
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	129,105	60,055	69,050
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	120	50	70
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	110	70	40
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	107,080	50,120	56,960
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	15,480	7,005	8,475
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	345	145	200
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	4,930	2,300	2,625
Karen	265	115	145	10	10	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	1,595	755	835
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	35	20	10
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	420	220	200
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	90	25	65
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	160	90	70
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	3,290	1,610	1,675
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	225	70	150
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	35	30	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,355	660	700
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	50	20	30
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	115	65	50
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	115	65	50
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	1,065	465	595
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	260	150	110
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	95	35	60
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	760	310	445
Fijian	1,185	495	690	540	220	320
Hawaiian	225	115	115	65	25	40
Maori	200	105	90	30	15	15
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	55	20	30
Samoan	90	45	50	40	10	25
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	75	30	45
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	73,455	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	54,545	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	18,910	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	73,460	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	30,865	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	42,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	73,455	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	435	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	10,960	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	20,510	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	21,330	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	20,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	73,455	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	31,195	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	12,595	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	8,960	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	6,905	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	13,805	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	73,460	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	70,055	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	3,400	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	73,455	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	67,615	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	5,840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	73,455	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	3,105	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	19,375	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	13,250	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	15,420	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	6,015	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	7,850	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	8,445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	73,460	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	69,495	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	3,960	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	73,455	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	42,735	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	27,115	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	3,605	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	73,455	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	2,080	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	8,390	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	11,385	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	17,135	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	16,355	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	10,635	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	5,455	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	2,030	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	73,185	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	46,920	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	26,270	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	19,015	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	54,475	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	57.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	32.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,203	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,488	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	752,395	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	967,385	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	18,895	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	15.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	47.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,275	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,334	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	169,445	80,085	89,360
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	22,470	10,155	12,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	50,715	23,830	26,885
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	96,260	46,095	50,160
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	7,655	5,120	2,530
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	3,890	2,235	1,655
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	3,770	2,885	880
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	25,065	10,770	14,290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	7,505	3,405	4,105
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	56,030	26,800	29,235
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	39,835	18,345	21,485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	3,545	1,680	1,865
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	1,300	675	625
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	9,920	5,065	4,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	1,435	1,030	410
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	111,745	51,890	59,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	8,180	3,670	4,515
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	28,080	12,945	15,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	75,485	35,280	40,205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	5,130	3,395	1,740
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	2,615	1,500	1,115
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	2,520	1,895	625
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	18,775	8,015	10,760
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	5,730	2,535	3,200
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	45,850	21,340	24,510
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	32,355	14,615	17,750
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	2,775	1,285	1,490
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	955	460	495
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	8,670	4,245	4,425
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	1,085	735	350
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	169,445	80,085	89,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	73,185	33,985	39,195
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	5,115	1,120	3,995
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	5,115	1,115	3,995
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	4,025	1,670	2,355
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	645	475	170
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	3,385	1,195	2,185
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	6,300	2,310	3,995
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	1,340	350	985
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	1,595	490	1,105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,010	760	1,245
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	240	165	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	290	190	95
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	655	315	340
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	165	30	135
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	12,570	4,800	7,775
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	255	65	200
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	1,200	485	715
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	1,425	190	1,235
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,710	625	1,085
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	175	70	105
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	2,145	585	1,560
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	5,670	2,790	2,880
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	26,775	11,120	15,655
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	485	140	350
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	26,265	10,980	15,290
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	4,605	2,385	2,225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	1,625	725	900
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,150	545	605
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	85	20	65
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	1,625	1,055	570
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	120	40	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	5,630	3,805	1,830
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	4,510	3,250	1,265
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	215	45	170
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	820	465	360
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	80	50	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	16,150	13,860	2,290
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	770	545	225
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	7,870	6,250	1,620
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	2,525	2,255	275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	1,765	1,700	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	2,390	2,325	60
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	830	790	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	1,105	595	510
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	710	360	350
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	390	230	160
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	10,540	2,690	7,845
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	785	465	320
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	9,435	2,055	7,380
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	320	175	140
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	3,425	1,745	1,680
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	2,440	945	1,495
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	290	230	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	670	550	120
Other	335	95	235	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	111,745	51,890	59,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	36,265	16,615	19,645
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	3,455	730	2,725
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	3,455	730	2,725
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	3,175	1,325	1,850
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	525	385	140
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	2,650	940	1,710
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	4,910	1,710	3,200
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	1,050	245	805
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	1,240	370	875
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,580	580	1,000
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	185	130	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	245	160	85
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	475	210	270
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	125	15	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	10,200	3,730	6,470
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	200	45	150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,000	360	635
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	1,125	145	985
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,430	445	985
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	155	55	100
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	1,730	470	1,255
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	4,565	2,210	2,360
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	21,980	8,920	13,060
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	20	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	395	100	295
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	21,565	8,820	12,750
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	3,350	1,705	1,650
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	1,215	535	680
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	870	410	455
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	65	20	45
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,120	710	410
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	80	30	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	5,015	3,360	1,655
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	4,155	2,950	1,205
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	160	30	130
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	640	335	300
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	65	40	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	12,055	10,040	2,010
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	630	435	195
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	6,215	4,775	1,445
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	1,750	1,515	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	1,290	1,235	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	1,705	1,655	45
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	460	430	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	890	450	440
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	580	280	300
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	310	170	140
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	7,970	2,060	5,915
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	580	360	220
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	7,175	1,600	5,575
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	215	100	110
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	2,475	1,240	1,230
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	1,770	690	1,085
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	230	175	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	470	370	95
Other	285	80	205	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	169,440	80,085	89,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	73,180	33,990	39,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	96,260	46,095	50,165
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	54,490	26,695	27,795
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	45,555	22,000	23,555
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	8,935	4,695	4,240
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	41,765	19,400	22,365
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	3,525	1,945	1,580
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	6,820	2,680	4,140
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,460	725	730
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	2,105	1,105	995
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	13,460	6,180	7,285
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	145	80	70
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	14,250	6,680	7,565
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	111,750	51,890	59,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	36,260	16,610	19,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	75,485	35,275	40,205
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	42,725	20,760	21,960
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	36,300	17,465	18,835
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	6,420	3,300	3,125
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	32,765	14,520	18,245
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	2,695	1,435	1,260
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	5,635	2,185	3,445
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,170	570	605
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	1,320	645	680
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	11,725	5,270	6,455
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	125	65	55
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	10,095	4,350	5,750
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	169,445	80,085	89,360
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	102,725	52,520	50,205
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	96,715	49,520	47,190
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	6,015	3,000	3,015
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	66,715	27,565	39,155
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	60.6	65.6	56.2
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	57.1	61.8	52.8
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	5.9	5.7	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	169,440	80,085	89,360
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	64,160	26,540	37,615
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	105,285	53,545	51,740
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	47,350	26,305	21,045
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	57,935	27,240	30,700
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	41.8	42.6	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	102,725	52,520	50,210
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	2,405	1,180	1,220
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	100,325	51,340	48,980
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	86,255	42,705	43,550
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	14,075	8,640	5,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	102,725	52,520	50,210
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	2,405	1,180	1,225
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	100,325	51,345	48,980
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	12,465	7,895	4,570
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	19,355	6,280	13,075
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	7,985	6,455	1,530
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	5,185	1,405	3,780
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	9,125	2,945	6,180
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	3,340	1,590	1,750
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	30,025	13,695	16,325
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	9,310	8,800	510
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	865	635	230
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	2,670	1,650	1,025
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	102,725	52,520	50,205
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	2,405	1,180	1,220
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	100,325	51,345	48,985
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	635	385	250
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	265	150	115
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	410	285	120
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	4,935	4,165	775
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	6,515	4,265	2,255
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	5,080	3,090	1,995
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	13,825	6,345	7,480
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	6,760	4,785	1,975
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	2,710	1,560	1,150
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	6,625	2,960	3,670
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	3,470	1,840	1,625
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	9,805	5,495	4,310
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	165	75	85
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	4,310	2,320	1,985
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	6,600	2,360	4,240
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	8,630	1,810	6,820
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	2,210	1,200	1,010
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	10,060	4,830	5,235
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	4,210	1,825	2,385
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	3,110	1,610	1,500
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	96,710	49,520	47,190
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	8,335	4,375	3,955
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	2,125	1,570	555
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	9,575	6,740	2,835
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	76,680	36,840	39,840
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	76,685	36,840	39,845
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	43,435	20,020	23,415
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	32,550	16,330	16,220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	390	285	110
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	305	205	95
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	86,255	43,575	42,675
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	58,655	32,790	25,870
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	5,360	1,465	3,900
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	16,460	6,600	9,855
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	3,745	1,370	2,375
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,150	850	305
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	890	510	375
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	86,255	43,580	42,680
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	18,285	8,370	9,910
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	30,310	15,455	14,855
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	21,285	11,390	9,900
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	9,565	4,905	4,660
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	6,815	3,455	3,355
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	86,255	43,575	42,675
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	3,660	2,350	1,315
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	10,070	5,835	4,235
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	19,580	9,670	9,910
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	21,340	9,960	11,375
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	18,405	8,615	9,790
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	13,200	7,145	6,055
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	109,720	55,715	54,000
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	103,220	52,655	50,565
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	89,300	45,365	43,935
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	89,180	45,310	43,865
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	125	55	70
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	13,920	7,290	6,630
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	13,920	7,290	6,635
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	25	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	30	20	10
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	15	10	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	55	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	110	50	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	100	40	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	380	235	145
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	45	25	20
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	45	25	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	45	25	20
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	15	0	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	15	0	15
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	260	180	80
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	255	170	80
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	245	165	80
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	10	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	0	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	60	35	25
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	10	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	0	0	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	190	80	110
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	80	35	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	13,065	6,835	6,230
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	13,055	6,830	6,230
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	6,070	3,020	3,045
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	6,775	3,695	3,080
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	30	20	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	175	80	95
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	10	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	10	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	6,495	3,060	3,435
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	175	95	85
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	6,255	2,950	3,305
French and non-official language	85	45	40	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	60	15	45
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	109,715	55,715	54,000
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	89,480	46,230	43,250
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	5,365	2,675	2,690
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	555	245	310
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	13,850	6,335	7,510
Aboriginal	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	13,845	6,335	7,510
English and French	85	45	45	10	0	10
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	370	180	185
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	90	50	45
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	195,000	93,135	101,865
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	164,860	78,475	86,390
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	30,140	14,660	15,480
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	18,085	8,640	9,445
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	12,055	6,020	6,030
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	6,630	3,310	3,325
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	5,335	2,575	2,760
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	1,290	730	565
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	5,425	2,715	2,710
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	187,785	89,490	98,290
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	110,460	52,500	57,960
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	77,325	36,990	40,335
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	43,235	20,635	22,605
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	34,085	16,355	17,730
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	15,355	7,625	7,725
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	12,245	5,990	6,255
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	3,110	1,640	1,470
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	18,735	8,725	10,010