Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Vancouver [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Vancouver British Columbia [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Vancouver [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	2,463,431	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	2,313,328	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	1,027,613	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	960,894	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	854.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	2,882.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	2,463,430	1,202,175	1,261,255
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	362,110	186,780	175,335
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	116,270	60,045	56,225
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	122,735	63,390	59,345
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	123,110	63,340	59,765
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	1,714,005	838,860	875,145
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	142,285	73,185	69,100
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	167,270	85,385	81,885
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	179,940	89,305	90,640
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	182,625	89,925	92,700
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	167,955	81,090	86,860
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	168,375	79,440	88,930
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	184,285	87,850	96,440
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	191,370	93,230	98,140
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	177,095	85,590	91,505
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	152,805	73,865	78,940
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	387,315	176,530	210,780
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	131,035	62,615	68,425
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	89,675	42,495	47,180
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	66,505	30,600	35,905
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	48,825	21,965	26,860
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	51,280	18,860	32,415
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	31,475	12,745	18,735
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	14,870	4,905	9,965
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	4,190	1,050	3,140
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	740	160	580
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	14.7	15.5	13.9
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	69.6	69.8	69.4
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	15.7	14.7	16.7
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.1	1.6	2.6
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	40.9	39.7	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	960,890	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	282,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	160,060	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	513,900	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	20,530	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	93,415	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	156,445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	242,205	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	1,305	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	4,580	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	275,455	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	300,170	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	153,085	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	139,180	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	93,000	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	2,426,235	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	2,101,320	1,015,395	1,085,925
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	1,193,125	594,185	598,940
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	1,033,885	513,730	520,155
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	159,240	80,455	78,785
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	908,195	421,215	486,980
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	629,040	334,130	294,905
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	50,130	20,265	29,860
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	128,040	47,275	80,770
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	100,985	19,540	81,445
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	679,365	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	327,260	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	158,785	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	145,805	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	47,515	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	679,365	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	574,670	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	495,060	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	79,605	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	104,695	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	84,740	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	19,950	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	574,670	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	260,290	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	314,380	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	129,480	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	139,080	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	45,815	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	104,695	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	66,970	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	29,305	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	8,420	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	462,125	214,710	247,420
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	960,890	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	600,780	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	226,485	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	374,290	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	37,595	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	322,525	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	275,455	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	47,070	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	2,130,565	1,058,310	1,072,260
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	1,110	530	580
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	172,140	76,645	95,500
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	136,320	56,185	80,135
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	2,265,310	1,116,840	1,148,475
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	25,705	12,830	12,880
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	14,465	6,635	7,830
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	134,655	55,370	79,285
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	32,940	16,145	16,795
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.3	1.4	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	2,440,140	1,191,670	1,248,470
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	2,361,890	1,153,910	1,207,975
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	1,341,635	678,675	662,965
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	1,316,635	666,170	650,465
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	25,000	12,505	12,500
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	1,020,255	475,240	545,010
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	855	390	470
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	315	135	180
Blackfoot	5	10	0	20	5	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	225	105	120
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	5
Moose Cree	10	0	10	5	5	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	40	15	25
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	15	5	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	20	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	150	70	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	70	25	45
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	60	25	35
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	105	50	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	105	45	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	35	15	25
Chilcotin	5	0	5	25	15	10
Dene	5	5	5	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	5	5	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	5	0
Haida	0	5	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	25	5	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuktitut	30	10	20	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	5	5	5
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Michif	5	0	0	10	0	5
Salish languages	5	0	0	135	65	70
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	5	5
Okanagan	0	5	0	5	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Squamish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dakota	5	0	0	25	5	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	50	15	25
Nisga'a	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	55	25	30
Haisla	0	0	0	10	5	5
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	75	35	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	1,019,395	474,850	544,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	20,725	11,005	9,715
Berber languages	220	130	90	95	60	40
Kabyle	105	60	50	35	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	60	35	25
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	1,355	675	680
Bilen	80	45	35	5	5	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	170	95	75
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	1,170	570	600
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	15	5	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	19,230	10,250	8,980
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	1,140	560	580
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	14,320	7,720	6,600
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	630	305	325
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	435	240	195
Harari	930	435	490	25	5	10
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	1,770	965	805
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	80	40	40
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	695	340	355
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	135	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	24,200	11,075	13,125
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	1,215	555	655
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	22,950	10,505	12,450
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	35	20	15
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	82,025	33,570	48,460
Bikol	470	210	260	310	135	170
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	3,215	1,285	1,930
Fijian	55	25	25	390	195	200
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	1,280	485	795
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	4,605	1,820	2,790
Malagasy	25	15	15	15	5	5
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	3,480	1,545	1,930
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	635	290	345
Pangasinan	450	185	270	265	115	150
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	66,830	27,275	39,555
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	180	70	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	835	360	470
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	610	315	300
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	20	15	10
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	365	180	190
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	225	120	100
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	6,210	3,290	2,920
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	225	115	110
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	1,750	905	840
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	3,275	1,695	1,580
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	920	550	370
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	40	20	20
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	130	65	65
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	416,565	203,240	213,325
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	1,090	560	525
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	1,060	520	540
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	57,625	26,950	30,675
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	645	275	365
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	315	145	175
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	325	130	195
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	56,975	26,675	30,300
Belarusan	355	170	185	65	35	30
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	1,155	580	575
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	1,720	805	915
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	5,460	2,650	2,815
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	3,565	1,705	1,865
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	250	120	130
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	12,040	5,650	6,390
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	18,170	8,270	9,905
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	6,300	3,215	3,080
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	1,140	545	600
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	2,390	1,060	1,335
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	540	250	295
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	3,990	1,705	2,285
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	175	90	90
Celtic languages	460	210	250	315	170	140
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	125	65	60
Welsh	150	65	85	120	65	55
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	65	40	25
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	37,825	18,005	19,825
Afrikaans	985	475	510	1,435	730	710
Danish	1,570	710	855	2,065	1,020	1,045
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	7,455	3,600	3,855
Frisian	135	60	75	80	35	50
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	24,060	11,340	12,715
Icelandic	85	40	45	155	70	85
Norwegian	380	170	210	840	410	430
Swedish	1,140	485	660	1,290	570	720
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	200	105	90
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	220	110	110
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	25	15	10
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	4,885	2,515	2,370
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	242,395	119,930	122,465
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	198,075	97,680	100,395
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	2,680	1,390	1,290
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	6,285	2,960	3,325
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	24,220	11,580	12,640
Kashmiri	275	140	140	40	30	15
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	225	110	110
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	535	280	255
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	920	485	435
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	65	35	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	151,205	74,825	76,380
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	1,575	730	850
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	1,455	730	725
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	8,880	4,535	4,340
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	43,980	22,075	21,910
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	1,655	875	780
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	1,065	565	500
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	41,265	20,635	20,630
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	340	175	165
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	71,375	34,590	36,785
Catalan	165	90	75	120	65	55
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	15,445	7,735	7,710
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	11,950	5,655	6,295
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	7,175	3,480	3,690
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	36,625	17,615	19,005
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	60	35	25
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	16,900	5,750	11,145
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	65	35	25
Georgian	1,110	595	515	65	35	25
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	45,990	20,680	25,310
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	340	145	195
Mongolian	345	155	190	340	145	200
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	2,650	1,335	1,315
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	400	220	180
Bamanankan	60	30	30	10	5	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	80	45	35
Ewe	370	185	190	60	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	20	10	5
Ga	440	200	245	35	15	20
Ganda	515	245	270	65	35	30
Igbo	1,520	775	750	160	95	65
Lingala	375	175	200	55	25	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	100	40	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	100	45	55
Shona	680	325	355	150	70	85
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	580	285	295
Wolof	160	90	80	25	10	20
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	190	110	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	610	285	330
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	265	135	135
Dinka	45	25	15	75	50	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	185	85	100
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	620	330	295
American Sign Language	470	250	220	265	125	135
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	355	200	155
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	387,645	177,140	210,505
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	385,355	175,990	209,365
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	184,370	85,070	99,295
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	2,185	955	1,230
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	174,920	79,280	95,635
Min Dong	765	370	395	220	105	115
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	10,655	4,755	5,900
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	4,330	1,905	2,430
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	8,485	3,840	4,645
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	195	80	115
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	2,285	1,145	1,140
Burmese	1,005	450	555	1,035	525	510
Karenic languages	265	125	140	765	370	400
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	260	135	125
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	220	110	105
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	2,750	980	1,775
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	805	405	400
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	1,935	570	1,360
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	15	5	5
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	3,700	2,035	1,665
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	500	275	225
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	2,770	1,560	1,210
Uyghur	385	195	195	165	85	85
Uzbek	595	300	295	100	45	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	165	75	95
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	7,640	3,535	4,110
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	455	195	255
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	1,900	770	1,130
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	5,285	2,570	2,715
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	370	195	170
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	78,255	37,760	40,490
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	5,200	2,535	2,660
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	69,885	33,750	36,135
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	1,545	755	795
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	1,620	725	900
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	2,440,140	1,191,675	1,248,470
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	2,252,465	1,102,225	1,150,240
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	1,631,365	811,500	819,865
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	1,622,740	807,235	815,500
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	8,625	4,265	4,365
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	621,100	290,725	330,375
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	105	45	55
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	15	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	10	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	10	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	15	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	5	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	10	10	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	10	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	5	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	621,000	290,680	330,320
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	11,900	5,965	5,935
Berber languages	65	30	30	35	20	20
Kabyle	35	15	15	15	5	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	20	10	5
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	695	315	380
Bilen	40	15	20	5	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	75	40	35
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	610	270	340
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	5	5	5
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	11,160	5,630	5,535
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	535	250	290
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	8,675	4,405	4,275
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	400	200	200
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	300	165	140
Harari	520	235	285	10	5	5
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	785	400	380
Maltese	875	395	475	5	0	5
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	350	160	190
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	85	45	45
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	15,000	6,955	8,045
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	620	290	325
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	14,365	6,660	7,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	15	5	5
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	35,340	15,585	19,755
Bikol	85	35	45	65	30	35
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	1,090	485	600
Fijian	10	10	5	100	50	50
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	355	155	200
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	1,465	625	840
Malagasy	10	5	5	5	5	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	1,050	485	565
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	135	65	75
Pangasinan	80	35	40	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	30,695	13,510	17,185
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	55	20	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	260	125	130
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	290	130	160
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	205	85	120
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	80	40	40
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	3,355	1,700	1,655
Kannada	830	415	410	95	40	55
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	885	450	435
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	1,935	960	965
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	425	235	190
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	55	20	30
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	220,605	107,095	113,505
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	525	255	270
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	505	220	280
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	25,645	12,295	13,355
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	160	70	85
Latvian	600	245	355	65	30	35
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	95	45	50
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	25,490	12,225	13,265
Belarusan	125	60	65	10	0	10
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	540	270	275
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	925	430	495
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	1,795	845	950
Czech	1,415	685	730	1,030	520	510
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	125	60	65
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	4,490	2,130	2,355
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	10,795	5,120	5,675
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	3,475	1,760	1,710
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	435	200	235
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	780	375	405
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	60	30	35
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	1,005	465	545
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	25	15	15
Celtic languages	65	35	30	35	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	10	5	0
Welsh	20	5	10	20	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	5	5
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	4,660	2,200	2,460
Afrikaans	265	125	145	520	250	270
Danish	135	65	75	180	90	95
Dutch	655	300	350	690	325	365
Frisian	5	0	0	0	5	5
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	2,890	1,350	1,550
Icelandic	20	5	15	50	25	30
Norwegian	45	15	20	70	35	35
Swedish	220	100	120	220	105	115
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	15	15	5
Yiddish	350	175	175	10	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	5	5	5
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	1,730	835	890
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	156,840	76,640	80,200
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	127,625	62,475	65,150
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	1,575	775	795
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	2,740	1,210	1,530
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	11,230	5,310	5,920
Kashmiri	50	25	25	5	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	35	20	15
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	245	125	115
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	550	290	265
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	35	15	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	104,855	51,630	53,220
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	595	255	340
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	595	290	310
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	5,165	2,560	2,610
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	29,035	14,075	14,960
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	1,020	515	505
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	660	335	330
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	27,355	13,230	14,125
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	175	90	90
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	30,665	14,635	16,030
Catalan	80	40	45	60	25	30
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	3,950	1,720	2,230
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	5,115	2,435	2,680
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	3,220	1,545	1,670
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	18,315	8,905	9,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	15	5	5
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	8,235	3,375	4,855
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	15	10	5
Georgian	745	405	335	15	10	10
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	34,225	15,720	18,505
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	160	80	85
Mongolian	200	100	95	160	75	85
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	730	325	405
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	125	70	55
Bamanankan	15	10	10	5	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	15	10	5
Ewe	95	40	55	15	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	5	0	5
Ga	150	65	85	5	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	10	5	0
Igbo	410	205	205	35	20	15
Lingala	95	40	55	35	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	55	20	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	45	20	30
Shona	235	115	125	40	20	25
Swahili	1,225	540	690	155	65	90
Wolof	80	45	35	5	0	5
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	155	65	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	105	45	60
Dinka	15	5	5	40	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	65	25	40
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	830	455	375
American Sign Language	720	375	345	300	150	150
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	530	310	220
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	285,515	130,990	154,525
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	283,885	130,170	153,715
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	132,185	60,235	71,950
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	670	280	390
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	138,680	64,055	74,625
Min Dong	240	105	135	65	30	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	4,640	2,105	2,540
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	2,495	1,150	1,350
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	5,045	2,270	2,775
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	1,625	820	810
Burmese	575	260	310	685	350	335
Karenic languages	215	105	110	690	335	350
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	165	90	75
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	85	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	1,015	435	580
Lao	1,050	505	540	335	155	175
Thai	575	255	320	670	275	400
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	0	5
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	1,550	810	740
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	185	100	90
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	1,190	625	570
Uyghur	225	120	105	100	50	45
Uzbek	315	165	145	40	20	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	40	15	25
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	1,980	930	1,050
Estonian	650	240	410	80	35	45
Finnish	510	220	290	435	190	245
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	1,470	710	760
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	110	55	60
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	187,675	89,450	98,230
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	3,475	1,700	1,775
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	181,310	86,450	94,855
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	495	225	275
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	2,395	1,075	1,325
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	2,440,140	1,191,675	1,248,470
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	1,919,300	944,770	974,530
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	232,050	112,195	119,855
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	19,620	8,935	10,690
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	260,735	121,820	138,915
Aboriginal	480	205	275	795	370	425
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	259,935	121,455	138,485
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	960	435	530
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	4,895	2,285	2,605
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	2,495	1,190	1,305
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	80	40	45
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	1,978,490	957,500	1,020,990
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	32,612	38,879	27,793
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	1,981,205	959,985	1,021,225
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	29,422	34,038	25,878
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	1,781,275	875,750	905,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	32,645	39,631	26,888
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	1,370,150	582,525	787,620
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	2,459	1,246	3,359
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	1,487,050	752,840	734,210
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	33,621	40,050	28,268
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,785
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	1,978,875	957,440	1,021,440
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	46,821	55,848	38,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	1,981,625	959,980	1,021,650
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	38,512	44,592	32,798
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	1,780,850	875,325	905,525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	47,281	57,128	37,762
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	1,370,125	581,865	788,260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,169	5,955	6,327
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	1,487,050	752,855	734,195
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	46,081	55,081	36,854
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	637,390	361,430	275,965
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	54,955	60,834	49,056
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	67,916	76,209	57,055
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	90.9	93.5	87.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	74.0	77.5	69.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	9.1	6.5	12.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,720
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	86,095	41,365	44,730
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	1,978,485	957,500	1,020,985
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.8	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	337,915	144,295	193,620
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	345,800	143,885	201,920
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	248,300	105,920	142,380
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	211,515	94,950	116,565
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	188,015	87,605	100,415
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	149,455	74,740	74,720
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	116,775	64,275	52,500
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	89,555	51,265	38,295
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	70,690	41,215	29,475
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	50,825	30,925	19,900
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	169,635	118,425	51,210
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	109,000	73,650	35,350
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	60,640	44,780	15,860
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,715
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	83,380	38,885	44,495
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	1,981,205	959,985	1,021,220
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	350,380	152,060	198,315
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	361,855	152,890	208,960
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	293,475	127,930	165,550
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	250,620	114,230	136,390
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	209,335	101,560	107,770
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	153,280	83,235	70,040
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	109,410	62,815	46,595
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	79,210	46,380	32,830
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	173,650	118,880	54,770
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	50,810	32,310	18,500
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	32,520	21,870	10,645
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	90,320	64,695	25,625
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,720
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	577,535	246,030	331,505
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	1,487,050	752,840	734,215
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	72.0	75.4	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	209,270	93,700	115,565
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	112,350	47,995	64,355
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	199,780	88,460	111,320
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	164,960	74,775	90,180
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	153,815	70,955	82,855
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	141,800	66,710	75,090
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	113,915	59,035	54,880
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	90,840	52,060	38,780
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	71,740	42,295	29,445
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	228,585	156,845	71,740
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	57,565	34,490	23,075
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	40,995	26,105	14,890
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	130,025	96,250	33,775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	72,662	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	63,365	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	275,455	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	38,164	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	33,804	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	685,440	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	92,067	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	80,158	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	96,423	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	79,421	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	275,485	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	49,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	41,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	685,410	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	115,102	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	94,764	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	28,325	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	15,380	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	28,770	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	38,310	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	36,160	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	35,660	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	36,315	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	36,530	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	36,630	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	36,515	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	70,005	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	65,325	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	60,005	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	55,025	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	49,190	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	332,745	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	100,070	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	72,355	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	82,630	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	77,695	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	960,890	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	30,260	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	15,590	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	29,290	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	39,595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	41,045	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	42,935	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	43,905	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	44,060	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	44,380	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	43,085	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	80,740	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	73,385	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	66,780	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	58,305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	50,780	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	256,755	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	97,835	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	61,385	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	97,540	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	653,340	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	92,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	80,245	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	222,580	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	85,383	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	73,895	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	313,355	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	112,167	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	96,888	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	93,805	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	53,852	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	49,006	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	652,790	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	115,694	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	95,002	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	222,055	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	109,780	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	88,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	313,600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	135,322	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	111,039	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	93,545	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	67,562	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	57,922	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	393,510	189,745	203,765
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	32,421	33,964	31,209
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	29,236	30,331	28,391
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	392,915	188,815	204,100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	43,593	46,216	41,167
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	36,392	38,096	34,815
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	1,175,580	559,445	616,130
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	303,915	145,415	158,500
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	228,320	105,405	122,915
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	210,940	100,050	110,895
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	212,600	102,005	110,595
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	219,800	106,575	113,225
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	1,250,660	625,955	624,705
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	225,360	110,190	115,165
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	234,070	116,120	117,950
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	245,245	122,625	122,620
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	260,495	131,100	129,390
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	285,490	145,915	139,575
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	2,417,260	1,181,115	1,236,145
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	441,530	227,695	213,840
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	139,285	71,940	67,345
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	1,612,690	785,035	827,650
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	363,045	168,390	194,660
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	398,715	187,770	210,950
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	83,635	42,965	40,670
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	24,690	12,560	12,130
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	255,225	119,285	135,940
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	59,860	25,525	34,340
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	16.5	15.9	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	18.9	18.9	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	17.7	17.5	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	15.8	15.2	16.4
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	16.5	15.2	17.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	337,080	160,485	176,600
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	67,070	34,355	32,710
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	19,175	9,740	9,430
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	232,635	110,555	122,080
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	37,385	15,575	21,805
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	13.9	13.6	14.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	15.2	15.1	15.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	13.8	13.5	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	14.4	14.1	14.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	10.3	9.2	11.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	2,290,565	1,129,240	1,161,325
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	2,289,520	1,128,740	1,160,780
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	172,260	76,605	95,655
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	1,220,345	574,040	646,300
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	1,605	675	935
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	485	200	290
Blackfoot	10	0	0	15	0	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	310	145	165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	90	45	45
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	20	10	15
Woods Cree	15	10	0	15	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	185	90	95
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	20	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	145	40	100
Algonquin	15	10	10	15	10	10
Ojibway	675	270	405	115	35	85
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	90	30	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	80	30	60
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	45	10	40
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	10	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	60	35	25
Inuit languages	20	10	10	60	30	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	45	15	25
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	10	10
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	35	20	15
Salish languages	10	0	0	540	210	325
Comox	0	0	0	20	0	20
Halkomelem	0	0	0	155	60	95
Lillooet	0	0	0	20	10	10
Okanagan	10	0	0	30	15	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	225	100	125
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	60	15	45
Siouan languages	0	0	10	30	10	15
Dakota	10	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	185	80	105
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	55	15	35
Nisga'a	0	0	0	65	30	40
Tsimshian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	100	45	55
Haisla	0	0	0	30	0	25
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	15	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	40	30	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	35	20	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	1,218,825	573,410	645,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	29,225	15,270	13,960
Berber languages	245	135	110	125	80	45
Kabyle	80	40	40	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	70	50	20
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	1,875	875	1,005
Bilen	85	50	35	15	0	15
Oromo	1,390	590	800	190	110	75
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	1,675	755	915
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	10
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	27,480	14,465	13,015
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	1,755	905	855
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	19,995	10,675	9,315
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	715	345	375
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	545	270	275
Harari	1,250	635	620	55	35	20
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	4,585	2,365	2,225
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	165	90	80
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	935	510	425
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	290	150	135
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	95	45	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	30,390	14,495	15,895
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	1,440	620	815
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	29,015	13,890	15,125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	60	35	25
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	106,580	44,625	61,960
Bikol	580	260	325	490	205	290
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	4,185	1,630	2,555
Fijian	50	20	30	985	580	405
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	1,365	600	770
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	5,665	2,210	3,455
Malagasy	90	45	45	10	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	6,435	3,050	3,385
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	775	350	430
Pangasinan	450	200	255	440	180	265
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	96,290	39,665	56,620
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	275	120	155
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	1,170	580	595
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	1,820	970	845
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	60	20	35
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	1,025	545	475
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	755	420	335
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	8,880	4,710	4,165
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	445	210	235
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	2,585	1,395	1,190
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	4,855	2,530	2,325
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	1,425	830	595
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	65	25	40
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	155	75	75
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	536,810	262,060	274,750
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	1,135	580	560
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	1,460	730	735
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	66,120	31,540	34,590
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	635	310	320
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	310	175	140
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	325	140	190
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	65,670	31,320	34,350
Belarusan	945	495	450	205	95	110
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	1,775	885	890
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	1,970	875	1,095
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	7,995	3,920	4,075
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	4,575	2,140	2,440
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	345	185	160
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	13,820	6,540	7,275
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	24,005	11,325	12,675
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	8,010	4,110	3,905
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	1,245	595	645
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	3,060	1,430	1,630
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	730	330	400
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	5,960	2,605	3,355
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	250	125	120
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	1,175	655	520
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	345	225	120
Welsh	235	115	125	145	60	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	690	370	320
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	57,255	27,525	29,735
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	4,230	2,160	2,070
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	2,460	1,150	1,305
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	9,200	4,345	4,855
Frisian	195	75	115	120	55	65
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	38,665	18,845	19,825
Icelandic	130	55	75	215	115	100
Norwegian	960	460	500	1,405	725	675
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	2,765	1,210	1,560
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	220	125	95
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	385	175	210
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	75	40	30
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	7,230	3,675	3,555
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	297,060	147,625	149,435
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	248,620	123,210	125,405
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	3,140	1,610	1,530
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	10,685	5,025	5,650
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	70,500	34,305	36,195
Kashmiri	475	240	235	45	25	15
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	375	185	190
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	1,275	650	625
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	1,185	595	585
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	187,530	93,595	93,935
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	3,135	1,340	1,795
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	2,145	1,115	1,030
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	14,610	7,635	6,975
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	49,445	24,955	24,490
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	2,075	1,095	975
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	1,540	860	680
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	47,155	23,770	23,385
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	750	380	375
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	118,715	56,405	62,310
Catalan	315	165	150	245	125	120
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	25,610	12,450	13,160
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	15,675	7,450	8,225
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	8,265	4,075	4,190
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	75,105	35,250	39,855
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	215	130	85
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	28,630	12,410	16,215
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	90	45	40
Georgian	1,465	740	725	90	50	40
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	50,640	23,170	27,465
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	320	155	165
Mongolian	445	190	255	320	155	165
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	5,805	3,015	2,785
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	495	280	215
Bamanankan	200	110	90	20	15	10
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	115	60	55
Ewe	520	270	250	110	75	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	45	10	35
Ga	1,005	490	515	95	60	30
Ganda	865	410	455	105	60	45
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	240	140	95
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	240	110	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	100	40	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	205	95	115
Shona	1,175	515	655	265	125	140
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	2,655	1,440	1,220
Wolof	415	185	230	30	15	15
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	505	260	250
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	1,325	605	720
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	305	155	150
Dinka	85	65	25	45	35	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	255	120	135
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	3,535	1,405	2,130
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	2,035	690	1,345
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	1,565	735	830
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	431,540	199,110	232,430
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	429,070	197,865	231,205
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	223,700	103,515	120,185
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	2,550	1,215	1,340
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	250,175	112,935	137,235
Min Dong	710	285	425	125	55	70
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	15,660	6,940	8,715
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	5,385	2,345	3,035
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	8,745	3,985	4,765
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	195	80	115
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	2,755	1,375	1,380
Burmese	1,325	600	720	1,390	685	700
Karenic languages	245	115	135	905	455	450
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	305	165	140
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	300	140	155
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	3,810	1,535	2,270
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	1,125	505	615
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	2,870	1,105	1,765
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	10	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	5,955	3,225	2,725
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	835	450	380
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	4,875	2,635	2,245
Uyghur	490	225	265	110	50	60
Uzbek	815	440	375	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	225	120	105
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	9,045	4,200	4,840
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	500	205	295
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	2,090	825	1,260
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	6,480	3,175	3,310
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	700	385	315
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	2,103,115	1,032,695	1,070,420
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	403,685	208,715	194,970
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	1,699,430	823,985	875,450
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	323,120	152,705	170,415
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	1,358,990	686,180	672,805
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	989,540	461,660	527,885
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	209,975	100,680	109,295
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	120,730	56,305	64,425
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	247,835	114,340	133,490
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	268,470	123,240	145,230
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	124,890	57,190	67,695
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	143,580	66,050	77,535
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	142,535	67,090	75,440
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	77,700	37,560	40,140
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	989,540	461,660	527,885
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	78,020	39,580	38,445
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	158,290	81,570	76,720
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	204,755	93,100	111,650
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	424,180	189,745	234,440
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	124,300	57,665	66,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	989,545	461,660	527,880
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	65,325	30,720	34,605
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	2,855	1,175	1,685
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	3,075	1,400	1,675
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	4,405	2,235	2,170
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	920	420	500
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	260	110	155
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	2,230	1,160	1,070
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	7,855	3,420	4,435
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	2,700	1,160	1,540
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	1,935	895	1,045
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	26,445	12,755	13,695
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	12,645	5,995	6,645
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	170,930	83,890	87,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	3,925	1,905	2,025
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	4,115	2,075	2,035
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	3,440	1,800	1,640
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	13,520	6,480	7,040
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	2,885	1,520	1,370
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	3,700	1,895	1,810
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	3,835	2,100	1,735
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	10,395	5,350	5,045
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	6,300	3,130	3,170
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	10,480	4,885	5,590
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	4,660	2,315	2,345
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	7,110	3,445	3,665
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	8,460	3,655	4,810
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	3,775	1,890	1,885
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	5,480	2,590	2,885
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	56,530	28,245	28,280
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	22,320	10,615	11,705
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	32,100	16,260	15,840
Algeria	1,240	650	595	425	275	150
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	2,110	1,130	980
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	1,665	835	825
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	4,065	1,875	2,190
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	730	385	345
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	1,205	630	570
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	1,010	485	525
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	8,205	4,265	3,935
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	12,690	6,365	6,325
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	697,305	319,470	377,835
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	4,860	2,445	2,420
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	1,870	945	925
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	188,965	84,380	104,580
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	71,720	32,950	38,770
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	125,640	61,245	64,395
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	35,250	17,905	17,345
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	5,215	2,660	2,555
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	10,675	3,140	7,535
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	36,860	16,745	20,120
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	1,860	1,040	820
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	9,220	4,725	4,500
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	96,685	40,635	56,040
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	4,160	2,160	1,995
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	2,310	1,170	1,140
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	37,425	16,850	20,575
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	24,025	11,235	12,790
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	40,560	19,240	21,325
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	23,885	11,325	12,560
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	142,530	67,090	75,440
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	10,095	5,115	4,980
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	960	440	520
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	460	220	245
Cuba	1,200	535	660	65	35	35
Haiti	865	415	450	15	0	10
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	155	115	45
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	2,295	1,160	1,130
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	4,065	2,155	1,905
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	220	100	115
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	1,855	880	970
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	13,610	7,015	6,595
France	1,400	675	725	785	420	370
Germany	915	490	420	770	450	325
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	1,210	760	450
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	200	110	90
Romania	1,490	590	900	545	240	305
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	1,405	500	910
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	945	375	565
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	3,855	2,230	1,620
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	3,895	1,935	1,960
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	4,355	2,280	2,075
Algeria	205	95	115	55	40	20
Cameroon	805	355	450	55	20	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	115	70	45
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	10	10	10
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	510	280	235
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	300	165	130
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	255	140	115
Morocco	365	145	220	115	60	60
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	375	185	190
Somalia	1,155	555	600	350	140	205
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	850	475	375
Tunisia	125	90	40	70	30	40
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	1,300	685	615
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	112,400	51,560	60,840
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	855	450	405
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	385	180	205
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	35,895	16,005	19,880
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	1,695	710	985
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	21,380	10,695	10,685
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	8,315	4,160	4,155
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	1,850	910	945
Israel	1,665	880	785	300	170	125
Japan	965	265	700	1,845	465	1,380
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	6,640	2,860	3,775
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	210	110	100
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	215	90	125
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	1,670	840	830
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	20,205	9,060	11,145
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	335	145	185
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	460	230	230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	1,785	900	885
Taiwan	760	300	460	2,325	905	1,420
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	365	205	160
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	340	175	165
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	1,510	600	910
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	3,840	1,695	2,145
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	2,075	1,120	955
Australia	1,005	615	390	1,140	610	525
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	935	510	425
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	1,085,610	508,765	576,850
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	607,590	307,925	299,665
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	733,040	368,715	364,325
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	794,150	368,155	425,995
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	461,950	221,655	240,300
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	176,955	104,335	72,620
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	285,000	117,320	167,685
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	249,920	103,575	146,345
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	71,115	37,970	33,145
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	11,165	4,955	6,205
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	61,455	29,075	32,380
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	59,595	28,195	31,400
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	35,765	16,870	18,900
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	23,425	11,145	12,280
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	405	180	220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	1,070	505	565
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	790	375	420
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	2,364,780	1,156,325	1,208,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	24,115	11,160	12,950
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	2,402,120	1,174,240	1,227,880
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	13,615	6,540	7,075
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	13,305	6,385	6,925
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	10,895	5,120	5,770
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	2,265	1,190	1,080
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	145	75	75
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	310	155	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	290	145	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	15	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	61,085	29,110	31,975
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	58,700	28,025	30,675
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	38,755	18,495	20,260
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	19,595	9,365	10,230
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	355	170	180
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	2,385	1,085	1,305
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	2,305	1,065	1,240
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	30	10	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	20	10	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	2,351,530	1,149,750	1,201,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	2,426,235	1,185,405	1,240,835
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	1,185,680	565,020	620,660
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	291,005	145,545	145,460
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	474,655	221,985	252,670
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	29,830	15,465	14,370
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	123,170	54,260	68,910
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	34,805	16,490	18,315
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	16,430	8,805	7,635
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	44,905	21,400	23,505
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	46,010	23,455	22,555
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	52,980	24,465	28,515
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	30,110	12,580	17,535
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	6,490	3,165	3,330
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	35,290	17,420	17,870
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	1,240,555	620,380	620,170
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	74,700	35,655	39,050
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	52,305	24,845	27,460
Inuit	1,360	645	710	600	275	330
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	24,505	11,775	12,730
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	353,945	177,115	176,830
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	1,520	775	745
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	32,115	15,550	16,565
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	331,205	166,010	165,200
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	660	370	290
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	75	40	35
Ontarian	645	370	275	35	25	15
Québécois	1,570	780	785	750	440	310
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	170	80	90
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	1,195,185	593,595	601,590
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	763,525	379,940	383,585
Channel Islander	445	235	210	155	90	70
Cornish	205	105	95	245	125	120
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	470,340	232,230	238,110
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	275,355	132,540	142,820
Manx	815	475	345	770	365	405
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	341,075	167,685	173,390
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	44,935	21,730	23,205
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	55,695	27,505	28,190
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	147,835	71,180	76,660
Alsatian	355	140	215	115	50	60
Breton	60	35	20	45	15	30
Corsican	60	30	30	75	35	45
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	147,715	71,115	76,595
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	312,330	154,110	158,220
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	21,260	10,070	11,185
Bavarian	155	65	85	80	50	35
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	8,205	4,065	4,135
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	77,635	38,345	39,290
Flemish	910	430	475	955	485	465
Frisian	400	230	165	195	70	125
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	222,025	109,675	112,350
Luxembourger	305	145	155	330	175	150
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	11,340	5,720	5,625
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	455	200	250
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	130,095	62,650	67,445
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	23,025	11,200	11,820
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	14,085	6,665	7,420
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	11,055	5,475	5,580
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	49,335	24,045	25,290
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	40,690	18,725	21,965
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	5,320	2,705	2,615
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	256,190	124,165	132,020
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	2,940	1,370	1,570
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	1,825	945	880
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	11,710	5,670	6,040
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	2,560	1,310	1,250
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	2,540	1,175	1,375
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	25,860	12,720	13,135
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	2,455	1,260	1,195
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	4,155	2,000	2,155
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	720	340	375
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	70,590	33,860	36,725
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	17,490	8,455	9,030
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	58,535	27,690	30,850
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	6,345	2,945	3,400
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	94,400	46,150	48,250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	2,230	1,015	1,220
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	196,295	97,515	98,785
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	1,330	665	665
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	2,675	1,315	1,360
Catalan	160	105	60	65	55	15
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	15,670	8,100	7,570
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	345	195	150
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	16,085	8,275	7,810
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	87,875	44,495	43,380
Kosovar	485	255	225	170	90	80
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	865	470	390
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	1,185	655	535
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	600	280	315
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	24,575	12,050	12,520
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	10,160	5,285	4,875
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	210	135	80
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	3,050	1,475	1,575
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	43,990	20,385	23,605
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	3,275	1,470	1,805
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	230	110	125
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	18,865	9,790	9,070
Basque	815	400	415	475	280	195
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	11,230	5,795	5,435
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	325	120	205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	505	255	255
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	6,470	3,400	3,065
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	16,395	8,195	8,205
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	130	60	70
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	160	90	65
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	1,310	690	620
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	155	75	85
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	60	40	20
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	870	440	430
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	535	250	290
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	280	150	130
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	10	10	10
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	635	285	345
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	6,455	3,365	3,085
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	95	55	45
Martinican	160	50	105	20	10	20
Montserratan	440	210	230	15	0	10
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	280	115	165
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	115	60	60
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	3,120	1,550	1,565
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	325	145	180
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	1,440	655	785
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	1,485	715	770
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	49,100	23,700	25,405
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	1,790	935	860
Arawak	710	315	395	55	30	30
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	1,360	610	745
Belizean	355	170	185	35	20	15
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	185	60	125
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	4,065	1,830	2,230
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	3,840	1,840	2,000
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	4,600	2,240	2,355
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	460	225	230
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	740	355	385
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	1,985	1,050	935
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	1,240	635	600
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	1,200	575	625
Honduran	1,750	810	940	1,120	585	530
Maya	1,135	555	575	620	335	290
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	15,115	7,170	7,945
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	1,060	485	570
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	195	105	90
Paraguayan	305	140	160	285	145	135
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	3,100	1,435	1,665
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	5,310	2,690	2,620
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	285	150	135
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	1,555	750	800
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	2,450	1,205	1,245
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	40,665	20,870	19,795
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	4,965	2,665	2,305
Akan	700	395	305	30	20	10
Angolan	1,030	490	535	55	25	25
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	65	25	40
Beninese	370	190	180	30	15	15
Burkinabe	100	45	55	20	15	10
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	85	45	40
Chadian	185	95	90	10	0	10
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	675	355	325
Edo	935	490	445	60	40	15
Ewe	160	90	70	55	25	25
Gabonese	45	10	35	10	0	10
Gambian	545	255	295	20	10	10
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	1,270	705	565
Guinean	680	335	340	125	45	80
Ibo	1,495	775	720	200	120	80
Ivorian	615	285	330	45	25	15
Liberian	335	140	200	205	90	115
Malian	260	140	125	20	15	10
Malinké	220	105	120	10	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	1,680	920	760
Peulh	60	40	20	20	10	15
Senegalese	535	280	255	45	35	15
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	90	40	50
Togolese	315	205	105	80	45	35
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	130	70	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	400	190	205
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	7,325	3,840	3,490
Algerian	1,700	835	870	615	360	255
Berber	680	365	315	185	115	70
Coptic	1,815	935	885	120	70	55
Dinka	35	25	10	15	10	10
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	3,405	1,785	1,620
Libyan	1,275	685	600	210	150	60
Maure	235	130	105	105	40	65
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	1,480	780	700
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	940	405	535
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	380	205	175
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	170	100	65
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	17,295	8,745	8,550
Afrikaner	340	175	170	365	175	190
Amhara	500	240	260	115	60	55
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	235	125	115
Burundian	710	385	325	195	90	105
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	950	505	445
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	2,020	1,060	965
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	1,170	570	605
Malagasy	180	75	100	80	50	30
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	760	420	335
Oromo	830	370	460	120	70	50
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	305	170	140
Seychellois	165	65	95	15	10	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	2,105	1,015	1,090
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	6,485	3,305	3,180
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	425	170	250
Tigrian	410	210	200	180	100	85
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	595	295	300
Zambian	385	195	190	120	65	60
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	565	290	270
Zulu	205	100	110	65	25	40
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	1,390	690	695
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	11,685	5,945	5,745
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	1,460	750	710
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	10,325	5,240	5,085
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	1,128,155	536,680	591,470
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	86,090	44,390	41,705
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	7,500	3,785	3,715
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	4,655	2,510	2,140
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	2,845	1,460	1,390
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	450	245	205
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	890	510	375
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	550	290	260
Hazara	515	280	235	55	30	20
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	44,355	22,490	21,865
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	5,205	2,635	2,565
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	2,075	1,100	965
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	585	310	275
Kazakh	975	445	530	275	170	100
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	1,980	1,075	900
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	100	70	30
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	155	85	70
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	5,320	2,830	2,490
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	2,245	1,190	1,060
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	325	190	140
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	550	320	220
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	2,780	1,340	1,440
Tajik	1,425	670	755	240	120	115
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	650	325	325
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	5,185	2,865	2,325
Turkmen	405	205	200	75	45	25
Uighur	545	255	290	100	45	50
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	245	135	110
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	255	160	90
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	2,135	1,105	1,030
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	287,900	143,920	143,985
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	1,510	745	760
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	755	355	405
Bhutanese	150	80	65	100	50	45
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	243,135	121,175	121,960
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	320	160	160
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	615	300	320
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	145	75	70
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	1,155	550	605
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	10,825	5,610	5,210
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	30,670	15,525	15,145
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	530	290	240
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	5,065	2,665	2,405
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	1,060	580	475
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	7,200	3,550	3,655
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	759,850	351,250	408,605
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	1,970	1,000	965
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	2,510	1,205	1,310
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	499,175	234,015	265,160
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	133,925	59,375	74,555
Hmong	55	25	30	115	55	55
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	4,935	2,355	2,575
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	37,630	16,280	21,350
Karen	265	115	145	890	445	440
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	55,505	25,720	29,790
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	1,775	870	905
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	4,230	1,955	2,275
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	1,000	485	525
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	895	420	475
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	20,345	9,320	11,025
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	3,330	1,300	2,030
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	445	235	215
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	34,915	17,065	17,850
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	630	265	365
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	1,805	910	890
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	1,805	915	895
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	26,820	13,345	13,465
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	8,360	4,370	3,990
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	3,340	1,695	1,645
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	15,550	7,520	8,025
Fijian	1,185	495	690	13,085	6,375	6,705
Hawaiian	225	115	115	865	370	495
Maori	200	105	90	565	320	245
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	345	145	195
Samoan	90	45	50	245	125	120
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	680	320	355
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	612,005	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	348,700	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	293,765	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	667,130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	17,175	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	208,400	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	259,450	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	215,335	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	260,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	960,890	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	413,395	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	129,200	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	100,710	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	83,140	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	234,455	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	927,685	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	33,210	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	960,890	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	890,535	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	70,365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	128,710	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	253,845	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	151,760	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	171,550	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	71,265	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	95,910	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	87,855	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	906,230	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	54,665	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	960,895	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	555,795	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	364,605	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	40,495	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	960,895	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	30,220	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	142,600	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	171,450	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	209,675	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	188,785	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	126,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	66,025	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	25,700	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	953,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	648,420	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	304,955	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	240,995	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	608,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	60.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	25.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,376	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,622	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	800,220	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	1,005,920	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	347,220	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,136	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,242	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,780
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	287,135	139,610	147,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	589,940	288,420	301,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	1,187,535	570,805	616,730
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	133,015	94,640	38,380
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	61,205	35,080	26,125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	71,810	59,560	12,255
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	345,280	145,135	200,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	77,845	32,950	44,900
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	631,385	298,080	333,305
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	415,805	191,250	224,550
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	44,855	18,920	25,935
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	18,135	9,810	8,325
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	129,655	63,875	65,780
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	22,935	14,225	8,710
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	1,392,440	671,970	720,470
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	111,575	58,090	53,480
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	339,185	168,975	170,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	941,685	444,905	496,780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	93,815	67,360	26,455
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	43,165	24,930	18,230
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	50,655	42,430	8,225
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	267,620	112,745	154,885
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	58,545	24,490	34,055
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	521,700	240,310	281,385
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	342,235	154,945	187,290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	35,940	14,735	21,210
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	14,490	7,215	7,280
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	111,335	53,020	58,310
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	17,690	10,400	7,300
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	2,064,610	998,835	1,065,780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	877,080	428,030	449,050
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	69,880	15,415	54,465
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	69,880	15,410	54,470
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	67,210	31,010	36,200
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	11,500	8,720	2,780
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	55,710	22,290	33,420
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	79,940	30,295	49,645
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	11,125	2,575	8,550
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	22,630	7,005	15,625
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	24,845	9,590	15,260
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	350	140	215
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	4,010	2,390	1,620
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	5,345	3,190	2,160
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	9,335	4,980	4,355
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	2,305	430	1,875
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	155,565	57,725	97,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	2,615	690	1,925
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	16,575	5,980	10,595
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	19,095	1,740	17,350
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	24,595	9,270	15,320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	2,635	770	1,860
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	26,775	7,540	19,235
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	63,280	31,730	31,550
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	260,400	112,020	148,380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	420	130	285
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	10,235	2,465	7,770
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	249,745	109,420	140,320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	55,940	29,310	26,640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	22,715	10,225	12,490
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	13,390	6,565	6,825
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	635	160	475
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	17,610	11,790	5,820
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	1,600	565	1,035
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	56,690	37,010	19,680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	44,915	31,730	13,190
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	3,210	480	2,725
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	7,980	4,430	3,550
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	590	375	215
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	211,910	186,360	25,550
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	11,380	7,200	4,185
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	74,080	59,710	14,370
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	33,825	29,890	3,935
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	40	25	10
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	39,190	37,980	1,210
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	35,815	34,715	1,095
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	17,580	16,840	745
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	16,890	9,535	7,350
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	10,385	5,480	4,905
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	6,505	4,060	2,450
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	159,905	36,460	123,440
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	12,705	6,575	6,125
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	141,910	26,980	114,930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	5,295	2,905	2,390
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	52,975	25,600	27,375
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	36,770	12,030	24,745
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	90	85	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	265	250	15
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	5,915	4,425	1,495
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	9,940	8,810	1,125
Other	335	95	235	220	70	155
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	225	70	150
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	1,392,435	671,965	720,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	450,760	227,065	223,695
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	49,160	10,165	38,995
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	49,160	10,165	38,995
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	54,535	25,050	29,485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	9,115	6,975	2,140
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	45,415	18,075	27,340
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	62,810	23,065	39,740
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	8,935	1,885	7,055
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	17,550	5,320	12,235
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	20,030	7,495	12,530
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	270	115	155
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	3,135	1,830	1,310
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	3,965	2,340	1,620
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	7,210	3,755	3,460
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	1,705	325	1,380
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	127,395	45,820	81,575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	2,270	580	1,685
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	14,210	5,000	9,205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	15,160	1,385	13,770
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	20,290	6,915	13,375
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	2,135	615	1,515
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	21,460	5,815	15,650
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	51,875	25,505	26,370
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	213,390	90,380	123,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	310	105	200
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	8,095	1,895	6,200
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	204,985	88,375	116,605
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	42,715	21,695	21,020
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	18,145	8,020	10,120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	9,880	4,685	5,195
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	500	115	385
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	13,105	8,500	4,600
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	1,095	370	725
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	49,880	32,880	16,995
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	40,915	28,945	11,965
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	2,350	365	1,985
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	6,115	3,260	2,850
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	500	310	190
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	162,555	140,255	22,300
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	9,170	5,455	3,720
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	60,360	47,375	12,980
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	24,985	21,790	3,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	30	20	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	29,305	28,340	965
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	26,760	25,920	840
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	11,945	11,365	590
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	13,480	7,310	6,175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	8,225	4,165	4,060
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	5,260	3,145	2,110
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	125,485	28,740	96,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	10,075	5,185	4,890
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	111,260	21,460	89,795
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	4,155	2,095	2,055
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	40,095	19,480	20,615
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	27,530	9,115	18,415
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	45	40	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	100	95	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	4,830	3,550	1,285
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	7,590	6,675	915
Other	285	80	205	180	55	125
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	180	55	120
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	2,064,610	998,835	1,065,785
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	877,080	428,030	449,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	1,187,535	570,805	616,730
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	808,025	390,720	417,305
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	651,950	311,405	340,545
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	156,075	79,315	76,760
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	379,505	180,085	199,420
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	42,490	23,545	18,950
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	48,070	17,835	30,230
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	35,220	17,465	17,755
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	33,180	18,105	15,070
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	58,575	26,315	32,260
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	3,355	1,850	1,505
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	158,620	74,970	83,645
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	1,392,440	671,970	720,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	450,760	227,065	223,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	941,680	444,905	496,780
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	641,620	307,965	333,660
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	522,570	247,290	275,280
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	119,050	60,670	58,385
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	300,065	136,940	163,120
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	31,750	17,165	14,590
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	41,085	15,065	26,015
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	29,660	14,020	15,635
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	21,325	11,480	9,845
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	50,715	22,290	28,420
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	2,815	1,570	1,245
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	122,715	55,350	67,365
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	1,276,900	663,785	613,115
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	78,620	39,570	39,050
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	709,090	295,475	413,620
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	65.7	70.4	61.2
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	61.8	66.5	57.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	5.8	5.6	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	665,515	276,425	389,090
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	1,399,100	722,410	676,695
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	657,640	374,985	282,650
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	741,460	347,425	394,040
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.2	43.0	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	24,960	11,630	13,325
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	1,330,565	691,730	638,830
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	1,150,055	579,375	570,680
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	180,505	112,355	68,155
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	1,355,520	703,365	652,160
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	24,955	11,635	13,325
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	1,330,565	691,725	638,835
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	156,610	97,575	59,040
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	222,325	71,120	151,210
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	101,405	79,690	21,710
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	83,990	20,060	63,930
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	148,620	49,540	99,080
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	61,975	31,655	30,320
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	331,590	147,165	184,430
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	167,640	157,870	9,775
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	17,660	12,070	5,590
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	38,740	24,985	13,760
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	24,955	11,630	13,325
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	1,330,565	691,725	638,835
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	13,025	6,860	6,160
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	4,470	3,245	1,225
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	6,840	4,430	2,410
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	98,365	85,805	12,555
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	84,355	56,870	27,485
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	55,415	36,140	19,275
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	150,000	70,385	79,615
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	74,775	57,460	17,320
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	50,230	31,635	18,600
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	65,245	28,935	36,315
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	35,440	19,460	15,980
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	133,130	74,620	58,505
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	3,185	1,450	1,730
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	61,000	35,270	25,730
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	99,830	33,935	65,895
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	137,665	28,495	109,170
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	31,525	15,900	15,635
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	111,360	48,695	62,665
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	60,840	24,870	35,970
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	53,855	27,260	26,595
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	1,276,900	663,790	613,115
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	104,865	52,665	52,200
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	12,825	9,110	3,715
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	169,320	123,645	45,680
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	989,890	478,370	511,520
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	989,890	478,370	511,520
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	436,405	192,755	243,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	534,525	274,720	259,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	14,895	8,330	6,570
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	4,060	2,565	1,495
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	1,159,215	602,010	557,200
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	745,820	419,660	326,160
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	58,040	22,500	35,535
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	235,985	100,450	135,535
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	77,830	33,760	44,075
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	27,240	17,585	9,650
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	14,305	8,055	6,250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	1,159,210	602,015	557,200
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	207,755	93,355	114,400
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	375,370	191,570	183,805
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	306,130	169,105	137,030
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	139,550	76,570	62,975
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	130,405	71,410	58,990
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	1,159,210	602,010	557,200
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	75,905	52,030	23,880
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	182,840	110,300	72,540
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	282,190	141,805	140,380
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	260,320	120,855	139,470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	183,650	83,955	99,695
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	174,300	93,070	81,235
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	1,449,815	746,815	703,000
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	1,408,665	726,520	682,150
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	1,333,800	686,630	647,165
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	1,330,560	685,750	644,805
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	3,245	885	2,360
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	74,865	39,885	34,980
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	74,860	39,880	34,980
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	390	245	140
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	380	245	130
Amharic	55	20	35	10	10	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	275	195	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	75	30	45
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	2,000	920	1,085
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	20	15	10
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	1,985	900	1,080
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	745	360	380
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	50	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	635	300	335
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	25	15	10
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	25	15	15
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	25	15	15
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	17,420	10,045	7,370
Albanian	210	125	85	10	15	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	730	340	395
Baltic languages	55	20	30	10	10	10
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	10	10	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	720	330	385
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	0	10
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	10
Croatian	95	55	35	25	10	20
Czech	15	10	10	20	10	10
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	10
Polish	1,490	800	690	100	45	55
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	435	190	250
Serbian	160	110	55	85	50	35
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	10	0
Slovak	45	30	15	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	340	185	155
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	20	0	10	10	10	0
Dutch	60	40	25	75	40	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	210	100	110
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	10	10
Swedish	20	10	15	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	14,590	8,630	5,960
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	13,515	7,915	5,600
Bengali	300	145	155	15	15	10
Gujarati	615	210	405	35	15	25
Hindi	740	355	385	265	160	105
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	13,130	7,695	5,435
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	45	20	15
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	1,075	715	355
Kurdish	85	75	10	30	25	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	1,045	695	350
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	1,695	865	835
Catalan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	775	415	355	85	35	50
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	490	245	245
Romanian	245	105	140	70	40	20
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	1,040	530	515
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	1,545	585	960
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	5,075	2,715	2,355
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	175	55	115
American Sign Language	245	80	170	140	25	110
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	35	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	47,255	24,805	22,450
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	47,185	24,765	22,425
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	22,885	11,635	11,250
Hakka	35	10	25	10	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	23,195	12,570	10,625
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	210	120	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	50	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	850	410	430
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	65	40	25
Burmese	10	0	0	20	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tibetan	40	25	15	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	100	45	55
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	100	45	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	50	35	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	10	0
Turkish	400	270	130	35	25	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	30	20	15
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	15	10	10
Hungarian	220	125	95	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	30	15	15
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	41,150	20,300	20,850
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	2,780	1,230	1,550
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	37,980	18,925	19,060
French and non-official language	85	45	40	35	25	15
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	350	125	225
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	1,449,815	746,820	702,995
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	1,311,375	677,965	633,405
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	30,725	15,720	15,010
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	11,780	5,160	6,620
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	93,460	46,775	46,685
Aboriginal	155	50	105	115	45	70
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	93,345	46,735	46,615
English and French	85	45	45	35	25	15
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	1,115	540	580
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	1,320	625	690
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	2,403,020	1,173,535	1,229,480
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	2,024,075	986,910	1,037,165
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	378,945	186,625	192,320
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	207,285	101,800	105,485
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	171,655	84,825	86,835
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	117,565	58,210	59,355
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	93,805	46,105	47,700
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	23,760	12,100	11,660
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	54,095	26,620	27,475
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	2,310,250	1,125,640	1,184,605
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	1,298,680	632,380	666,300
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	1,011,565	493,260	518,305
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	516,530	251,585	264,945
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	495,040	241,680	253,360
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	309,035	151,830	157,205
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	246,845	121,080	125,765
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	62,190	30,755	31,440
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	186,000	89,845	96,155