Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Victoria [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Victoria British Columbia [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Victoria [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	367,770	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	344,580r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	172,559	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	162,716	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	528.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	696.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	367,770	177,390	190,375
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	48,260	24,535	23,725
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	15,730	7,935	7,795
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	16,265	8,325	7,940
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	16,265	8,270	7,990
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	241,740	118,020	123,720
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	18,345	9,155	9,190
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	24,345	12,315	12,030
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	24,040	12,005	12,030
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	24,150	12,070	12,085
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	22,825	11,330	11,495
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	21,880	10,640	11,245
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	23,790	11,545	12,245
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	26,655	12,895	13,755
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	28,065	13,185	14,880
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	27,640	12,880	14,765
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	77,775	34,840	42,930
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	25,615	12,050	13,560
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	17,850	8,445	9,405
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	12,385	5,715	6,675
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	9,640	4,270	5,365
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	12,285	4,355	7,930
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	6,990	2,725	4,270
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	4,030	1,325	2,700
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	1,110	280	830
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	160	25	130
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	13.1	13.8	12.5
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	65.7	66.5	65.0
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	21.1	19.6	22.6
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	3.3	2.5	4.2
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	44.1	43.0	45.2
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	45.0	43.4	46.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	162,720	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	64,235	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	10,400	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	86,385	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	6,015	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	10,205	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	25,575	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	44,280	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	305	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	1,695	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	162,715	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	54,205	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	60,870	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	21,780	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	17,285	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	8,575	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	357,640	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	319,510	152,860	166,655
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	178,435	88,985	89,440
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	143,655	71,615	72,035
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	34,775	17,375	17,405
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	141,080	63,870	77,205
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	87,610	46,825	40,785
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	8,710	3,815	4,890
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	26,195	9,400	16,790
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	18,565	3,830	14,735
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	101,615	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	60,520	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	20,085	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	16,135	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	4,875	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	101,615	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	86,760	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	69,370	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	17,385	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	14,860	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	11,565	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	3,300	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	86,760	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	50,520	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	36,235	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	16,170	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	15,365	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	4,700	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	14,860	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	9,995	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	3,910	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	86,095	39,105	46,990
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	162,720	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	96,560	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	48,045	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	48,520	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	2,490	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	63,660	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	54,200	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	9,460	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	362,190	174,755	187,430
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	322,450	157,060	165,390
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	150	65	90
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	36,460	16,325	20,135
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	3,125	1,310	1,820
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	362,185	174,755	187,430
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	352,290	170,120	182,165
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	5,890	2,920	2,970
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	975	455	515
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	3,035	1,260	1,780
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	6,375	3,145	3,225
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	362,185	174,755	187,430
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	357,030	172,340	184,690
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	308,745	150,680	158,070
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	302,685	147,680	155,005
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	6,060	2,995	3,060
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	48,285	21,655	26,625
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	255	115	140
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	40	20	25
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	30	15	15
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	10	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	15	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	10	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	5	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	5	0	5
Dene	5	5	5	5	5	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	150	75	75
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	0	5
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	80	45	35
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	20	5	20
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	10	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	48,030	21,540	26,485
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	1,670	915	755
Berber languages	220	130	90	10	5	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	85	40	45
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	25	10	15
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	60	25	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	1,575	865	710
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	110	50	60
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,245	700	545
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	5	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	110	60	55
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	25	15	15
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	75	35	40
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	1,115	500	615
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	130	65	70
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	980	435	545
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	3,990	1,500	2,485
Bikol	470	210	260	10	5	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	245	90	155
Fijian	55	25	25	10	0	5
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	45	20	25
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	190	75	115
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	95	35	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	15	10	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	3,310	1,250	2,060
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	10	10	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	40	15	30
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	45	25	20
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	20	15	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	20	10	15
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	355	190	170
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	25	10	10
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	90	50	40
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	145	70	70
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	95	50	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	24,040	11,210	12,820
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	130	70	55
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	45	25	15
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	4,295	1,940	2,365
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	105	60	45
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	55	35	25
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	50	30	25
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	4,190	1,875	2,320
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	5	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	30	10	20
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	110	50	60
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	415	210	205
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	365	170	195
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	15	5	5
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	1,085	495	585
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,060	435	625
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	195	90	100
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	90	45	45
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	135	65	75
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	80	35	45
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	595	245	350
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	20	15	10
Celtic languages	460	210	250	80	40	40
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	25	15	10
Welsh	150	65	85	40	20	25
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	15	5	10
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	7,360	3,290	4,070
Afrikaans	985	475	510	175	85	90
Danish	1,570	710	855	425	190	235
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	1,930	900	1,030
Frisian	135	60	75	20	5	10
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	4,320	1,885	2,435
Icelandic	85	40	45	30	10	15
Norwegian	380	170	210	210	100	110
Swedish	1,140	485	660	180	75	110
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	30	10	20
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	35	15	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	5	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	315	185	130
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	6,150	3,045	3,105
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	5,200	2,555	2,650
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	140	65	75
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	140	75	70
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	520	280	245
Kashmiri	275	140	140	5	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	10	10	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	25	10	15
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	70	40	30
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	3,885	1,860	2,025
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	50	30	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	75	40	35
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	265	150	115
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	925	475	450
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	5	5	5
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	50	30	20
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	865	445	420
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	5,670	2,625	3,040
Catalan	165	90	75	5	0	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	1,045	515	535
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	1,395	635	755
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	295	140	155
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	2,925	1,335	1,585
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	10	0	5
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	1,445	400	1,050
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	5	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	5	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	1,595	660	935
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	0	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	280	145	140
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	20	10	10
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	5	0	0
Ga	440	200	245	5	0	0
Ganda	515	245	270	10	5	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	15	0	10
Lingala	375	175	200	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	30	20	15
Shona	680	325	355	15	5	10
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	65	30	30
Wolof	160	90	80	10	10	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	75	35	45
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	15	10	5
Dinka	45	25	15	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	10	5	5
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	105	60	50
American Sign Language	470	250	220	40	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	70	45	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	11,895	5,290	6,610
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	11,815	5,235	6,575
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	5,130	2,340	2,790
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	45	15	30
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	5,760	2,490	3,265
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	225	100	125
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	125	50	75
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	520	235	280
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	80	50	30
Burmese	1,005	450	555	30	20	15
Karenic languages	265	125	140	10	0	5
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	35	20	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	305	85	230
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	10	5	10
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	290	75	220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	185	105	70
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	15	10	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	160	95	65
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	5	5	0
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	960	435	520
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	50	15	35
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	255	95	160
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	650	325	325
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	25	15	10
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	5,155	2,420	2,740
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	1,045	480	570
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	3,840	1,805	2,035
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	140	70	75
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	130	60	70
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	362,185	174,755	187,430
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	352,775	170,470	182,305
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	333,210	161,495	171,715
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	331,375	160,610	170,765
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	1,835	885	950
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	19,565	8,975	10,590
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	40	15	25
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	30	10	20
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	20	5	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	19,530	8,960	10,565
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	815	400	420
Berber languages	65	30	30	5	0	5
Kabyle	35	15	15	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	30	10	20
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	10	5	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	25	5	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	775	385	395
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	25	10	15
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	660	330	330
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	45	20	25
Maltese	875	395	475	5	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	40	20	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	605	280	325
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	70	35	35
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	530	245	285
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	1,570	680	885
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	60	25	35
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	10	5	5
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	60	25	40
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	15	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	1,415	625	795
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	0	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	130	70	65
Kannada	830	415	410	10	5	5
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	40	20	20
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	45	25	20
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	35	15	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	7,010	3,315	3,695
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	70	30	40
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	15	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,165	545	625
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	0	0	0
Latvian	600	245	355	0	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	0	0	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,165	540	625
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	5	0	5
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	45	25	20
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	120	55	60
Czech	1,415	685	730	75	30	40
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	5	5	5
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	280	135	140
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	440	200	240
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	65	30	35
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	25	10	10
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	25	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	15	0	5
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	75	25	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	5	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	0	5
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	800	385	420
Afrikaans	265	125	145	50	20	25
Danish	135	65	75	25	10	15
Dutch	655	300	350	160	70	90
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	5
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	540	265	270
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	15	5	10
Swedish	220	100	120	15	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	5	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	55	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	3,075	1,470	1,600
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	2,605	1,240	1,370
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	70	30	35
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	35	15	15
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	185	90	90
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	5	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	15	5	10
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	30	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	2,080	970	1,105
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	10	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	25	15	15
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	150	80	75
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	460	225	230
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	0	5	0
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	430	215	215
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,825	855	970
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	160	65	90
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	450	210	240
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	100	40	60
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,115	535	575
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	505	195	310
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	5	5
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	1,015	445	575
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	75	35	45
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	5	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	5
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	15	5	5
Shona	235	115	125	15	5	5
Swahili	1,225	540	690	20	10	10
Wolof	80	45	35	5	5	5
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	20	5	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	135	75	60
American Sign Language	720	375	345	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	105	60	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	7,350	3,325	4,025
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	7,320	3,310	4,010
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	2,855	1,315	1,545
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	10	0	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	4,015	1,800	2,220
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	70	30	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	70	35	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	300	135	165
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	30	15	15
Burmese	575	260	310	15	10	5
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	95	40	55
Lao	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Thai	575	255	320	95	40	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	5	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	45	20	20
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	10	0	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	35	15	20
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	170	85	85
Estonian	650	240	410	5	0	5
Finnish	510	220	290	35	15	15
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	130	60	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	10	5	5
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	9,410	4,285	5,125
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	665	315	350
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	8,510	3,855	4,655
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	45	15	30
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	195	95	100
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	362,185	174,755	187,430
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	330,095	160,260	169,835
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	9,490	4,435	5,050
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	4,895	2,175	2,715
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	17,055	7,590	9,465
Aboriginal	480	205	275	400	180	220
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	16,660	7,410	9,250
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	75	30	45
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	220	110	115
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	355	150	205
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	309,495	148,135	161,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	300,260	143,625	156,635
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	37,481	43,726	32,870
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	300,625	143,905	156,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	33,302	37,991	29,775
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	278,635	134,005	144,630
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	34,768	41,705	29,193
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	210,345	90,340	120,005
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	5,417	5,194	5,523
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	226,575	112,590	113,985
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	32,495	38,013	28,150
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	309,545	148,140	161,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	300,270	143,600	156,670
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	48,278	56,461	40,776
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	300,665	143,925	156,740
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	40,146	45,669	35,075
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	278,675	134,000	144,675
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	46,422	55,546	37,971
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	210,380	90,390	119,990
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,413	7,352	7,458
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	226,600	112,975	113,625
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	42,072	48,847	35,335
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	309,550	148,140	161,410
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	97,590	53,350	44,235
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	54,181	59,609	49,379
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	62,097	68,176	54,764
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	89.2	91.7	86.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	66.2	68.8	62.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	10.8	8.3	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	309,495	148,135	161,360
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	9,240	4,515	4,725
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	300,260	143,625	156,635
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	97.0	97.0	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	37,095	16,195	20,905
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	46,825	18,845	27,985
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	39,505	15,985	23,515
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	35,420	15,220	20,200
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	32,830	14,670	18,165
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	26,820	12,930	13,890
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	20,625	11,410	9,210
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	16,660	9,540	7,120
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	12,485	7,500	4,980
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	8,815	5,365	3,450
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	23,180	15,975	7,205
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	15,860	10,705	5,160
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	7,325	5,270	2,055
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	309,495	148,135	161,360
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	8,880	4,230	4,645
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	300,620	143,905	156,715
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	97.1	97.1	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	39,305	17,220	22,085
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	49,260	20,220	29,045
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	47,595	19,800	27,795
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	42,195	18,485	23,710
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	37,045	17,255	19,785
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	27,330	14,805	12,520
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	19,965	11,670	8,295
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	13,690	8,090	5,605
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	24,240	16,360	7,880
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	7,785	4,955	2,825
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	4,810	3,225	1,580
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	11,645	8,175	3,470
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	309,500	148,135	161,360
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	82,925	35,550	47,375
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	226,575	112,585	113,985
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	73.2	76.0	70.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	37,640	17,575	20,060
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	16,670	7,130	9,540
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	28,755	12,465	16,285
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	24,300	10,910	13,390
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	22,515	10,220	12,295
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	22,060	9,720	12,345
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	17,850	8,705	9,135
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	13,870	7,880	5,995
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	12,090	7,115	4,970
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	30,825	20,865	9,960
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	9,405	5,785	3,625
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	6,380	4,055	2,330
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	15,030	11,025	4,005
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	162,715	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	70,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	61,119	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	54,200	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	37,793	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	33,546	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	108,515	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	92,513	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	80,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	162,735	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	89,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	74,173	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	54,220	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	47,380	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	39,972	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	108,515	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	109,913	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	91,263	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	162,715	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	3,305	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	2,070	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	4,855	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	6,330	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	6,815	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	6,080	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	6,555	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	6,840	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	6,815	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	6,790	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	12,960	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	11,605	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	11,025	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	10,005	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	8,875	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	51,785	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	17,525	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	12,125	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	12,780	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	9,360	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	162,715	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	3,520	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	2,110	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	4,950	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	6,630	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	7,965	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	7,495	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	8,050	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	8,260	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	8,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	8,115	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	14,505	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	13,435	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	12,050	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	10,480	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	8,850	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	38,190	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	16,385	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	9,685	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	12,120	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	100,965	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	93,420	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	80,711	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	47,555	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	87,697	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	75,897	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	36,430	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	118,293	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	101,113	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	14,075	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	54,611	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	49,250	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	101,020	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	111,054	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	91,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	47,570	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	107,188	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	87,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	36,505	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	134,553	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	111,203	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	14,000	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	64,178	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	55,842	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	78,995	36,190	42,810
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	32,488	32,837	32,197
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	29,248	29,334	29,184
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	78,890	36,230	42,660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	41,542	43,204	40,131
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	35,393	36,266	34,651
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	357,640	172,600	185,040
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	165,040	77,065	87,975
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	38,565	18,585	19,980
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	30,775	13,700	17,075
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	30,195	13,910	16,285
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	31,350	14,570	16,775
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	34,160	16,300	17,865
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	192,600	95,535	97,065
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	35,955	17,320	18,635
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	38,100	18,800	19,295
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	39,915	19,925	19,995
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	41,165	20,680	20,490
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	37,465	18,810	18,655
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	352,515	170,145	182,370
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	57,445	29,160	28,285
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	18,500	9,300	9,200
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	224,905	108,855	116,055
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	70,160	32,130	38,025
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	46,010	21,255	24,750
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	8,720	4,560	4,165
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	2,735	1,415	1,315
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	29,810	13,835	15,975
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	7,475	2,860	4,610
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	13.1	12.5	13.6
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	15.2	15.6	14.7
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	14.8	15.2	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	13.3	12.7	13.8
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	10.7	8.9	12.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	31,805	15,475	16,330
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	5,185	2,660	2,530
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	1,455	745	710
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	24,470	11,930	12,535
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	2,145	880	1,265
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.0	9.1	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	9.0	9.1	8.9
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	7.9	8.0	7.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	10.9	11.0	10.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	3.1	2.7	3.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	357,690	172,630	185,065
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	354,600	171,365	183,235
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	354,470	171,315	183,150
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	36,220	16,090	20,130
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	67,145	30,445	36,700
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	720	320	395
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	130	55	75
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	115	50	65
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	35	20	25
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	20	0	20
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	65	35	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	15	10	10
Algonquin	15	10	10	10	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	30	20	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	30	20	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	20	0	15
Salish languages	10	0	0	425	200	225
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	30	15	20
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	345	160	185
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	45	25	20
Siouan languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	85	35	50
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	25	10	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	66,470	30,145	36,330
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	2,300	1,250	1,045
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	10	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	10	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	125	50	75
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	30	10	15
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	95	40	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	2,165	1,195	965
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	145	65	75
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	1,655	955	700
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	10	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	320	155	170
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	40	25	15
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	65	30	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	25	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,390	655	740
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	175	95	75
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,220	555	670
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	5,285	1,880	3,405
Bikol	580	260	325	10	0	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	370	155	215
Fijian	50	20	30	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	105	30	75
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	285	110	175
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	305	120	190
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	25	10	10
Pangasinan	450	200	255	20	15	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	4,765	1,675	3,095
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	30	10	20
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	95	40	50
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	150	75	70
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	15	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	75	55	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	60	15	45
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	425	230	190
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	30	20	10
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	155	95	60
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	190	105	90
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	90	45	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	37,750	17,510	20,235
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	145	95	50
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	70	35	30
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	4,990	2,305	2,685
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	85	55	30
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	45	25	20
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	45	30	10
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	4,905	2,250	2,655
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	10	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	55	15	40
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	155	80	75
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	755	390	360
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	520	240	280
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	20	10	10
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	1,150	525	625
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,655	730	930
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	230	110	125
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	55	45	15
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	150	80	75
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	60	15	45
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	730	310	415
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	15	15	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	140	55	85
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	55	25	35
Welsh	235	115	125	45	20	30
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	30	15	25
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	11,360	5,225	6,130
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	580	285	295
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	600	275	325
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	2,125	1,050	1,075
Frisian	195	75	115	60	20	40
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	7,710	3,505	4,210
Icelandic	130	55	75	95	50	45
Norwegian	960	460	500	295	155	135
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	365	165	200
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	65	30	40
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	50	10	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	525	275	245
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	8,000	4,020	3,985
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	6,855	3,440	3,415
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	145	55	90
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	195	105	90
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	1,885	990	900
Kashmiri	475	240	235	10	10	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	15	15	10
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	50	30	20
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	95	30	70
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	5,310	2,615	2,690
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	70	30	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	70	35	40
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	535	300	230
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,145	570	575
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	20	10	10
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	35	25	10
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,110	540	570
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	80	55	25
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	14,310	6,310	8,005
Catalan	315	165	150	50	25	25
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	2,270	975	1,290
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	1,720	810	910
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	295	135	160
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	10,700	4,635	6,065
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	60	25	30
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	2,810	1,160	1,650
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	10	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	10	0	10
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	1,845	805	1,040
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	10	0	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	650	320	330
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	0	0	0
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	10	0	10
Ewe	520	270	250	0	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	20	10	10
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	45	10	30
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	50	25	25
Shona	1,175	515	655	70	45	20
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	275	130	140
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	85	40	50
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	135	60	75
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	30	15	15
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	25	15	15
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	860	315	540
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	440	145	300
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	415	170	245
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	12,990	5,920	7,070
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	12,945	5,905	7,045
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	5,910	2,800	3,110
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	35	10	25
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	7,685	3,405	4,285
Min Dong	710	285	425	10	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	265	100	160
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	140	50	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	465	175	285
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	40	20	30
Burmese	1,325	600	720	0	0	0
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	430	165	270
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	30	20	0
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	410	145	265
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	310	175	135
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	30	20	15
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	280	160	125
Uyghur	490	225	265	10	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	10	0	10
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	1,060	505	555
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	65	20	45
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	215	75	140
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	785	405	380
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	80	45	35
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	357,690	172,630	185,065
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	335,415	162,700	172,715
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	55,660	28,320	27,345
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	279,750	134,385	145,370
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	22,275	9,925	12,350
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	357,690	172,625	185,060
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	285,350	139,705	145,645
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	65,610	29,705	35,905
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	30,375	14,130	16,245
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	7,175	3,165	4,015
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	8,710	3,885	4,825
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	11,650	5,070	6,585
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	4,960	2,155	2,810
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	6,690	2,910	3,780
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	7,695	3,460	4,235
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	6,725	3,215	3,505
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	65,615	29,705	35,905
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	7,470	3,655	3,810
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	11,580	5,595	5,990
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	14,645	6,520	8,130
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	26,630	11,590	15,040
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	5,280	2,340	2,940
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	65,615	29,705	35,905
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	9,695	4,205	5,495
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	195	95	100
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	305	120	180
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	170	70	100
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	75	35	35
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	70	30	40
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	275	160	115
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	760	335	430
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	135	50	80
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	250	85	160
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	6,205	2,695	3,510
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,265	520	745
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	29,660	14,045	15,610
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	130	60	65
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	375	205	170
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	525	195	330
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	2,945	1,315	1,630
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	225	135	95
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	525	290	235
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	465	235	230
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	670	345	325
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	1,605	835	780
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	860	360	500
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	690	310	380
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	305	155	160
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	605	275	335
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	155	85	65
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	405	185	220
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	16,270	7,640	8,630
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	2,895	1,430	1,465
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	2,835	1,370	1,470
Algeria	1,240	650	595	15	10	10
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	185	125	60
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	180	80	100
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	210	80	135
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	105	65	40
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	130	65	65
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	55	25	30
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	1,150	530	620
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	820	400	420
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	22,115	9,455	12,655
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	75	40	30
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	70	35	35
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	5,565	2,365	3,200
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	1,240	585	655
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	3,695	1,840	1,855
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	775	370	405
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	100	60	40
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	845	175	665
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	1,140	500	640
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	135	80	60
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	400	215	185
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	4,320	1,540	2,780
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	125	50	70
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	150	80	70
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	650	250	400
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	935	420	515
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,890	840	1,045
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	1,305	630	680
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	7,695	3,455	4,235
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	1,020	420	600
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	50	35	15
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	50	10	45
Cuba	1,200	535	660	15	0	15
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	0	10	0
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	180	80	100
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	585	235	345
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	135	55	75
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,200	625	580
France	1,400	675	725	45	15	30
Germany	915	490	420	110	55	55
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	45	25	15
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	10	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	20	10	10
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	90	45	50
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	80	20	60
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	540	330	210
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	260	120	150
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	425	210	215
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	20	10	15
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	30	25	10
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	30	15	15
Morocco	365	145	220	20	10	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	60	40	20
Somalia	1,155	555	600	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	105	40	70
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	150	80	70
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	4,925	2,115	2,805
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	10	10	10
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	15	0	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	1,025	435	590
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	60	35	25
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	525	300	220
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	165	75	85
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	30	15	15
Israel	1,665	880	785	25	20	10
Japan	965	265	700	100	25	70
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	425	170	255
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	15	10	10
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	50	15	35
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	60	35	30
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	1,840	725	1,115
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	40	20	25
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	90	40	50
Taiwan	760	300	460	100	35	65
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	20	15	10
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	20	10	10
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	65	30	35
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	230	95	135
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	125	90	30
Australia	1,005	615	390	75	55	20
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	45	40	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	357,690	172,625	185,065
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	76,160	34,890	41,275
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	82,490	40,000	42,490
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	199,045	97,740	101,300
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	36,510	16,205	20,305
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	19,515	9,190	10,320
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	8,470	4,595	3,880
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	11,040	4,600	6,445
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	13,905	5,415	8,490
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	2,770	1,460	1,310
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	320	145	180
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	357,695	172,625	185,065
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	17,245	7,980	9,260
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	16,600	7,715	8,890
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	9,940	4,600	5,340
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	6,535	3,065	3,470
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	130	50	80
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	340	160	180
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	300	110	195
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	340,450	164,645	175,805
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	357,690	172,625	185,065
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	7,490	3,400	4,095
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	350,195	169,225	180,970
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	357,690	172,625	185,065
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	4,645	2,270	2,375
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	4,565	2,215	2,345
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	4,010	1,925	2,085
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	520	280	240
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	80	55	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	55	40	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	25	10	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	17,280	7,930	9,350
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	16,460	7,605	8,855
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	10,540	4,905	5,635
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	5,745	2,615	3,130
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	175	85	90
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	825	325	495
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	785	315	480
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	335,765	162,430	173,335
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	357,690	172,630	185,065
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	50,310	23,470	26,835
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	10,220	5,180	5,040
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	16,345	7,555	8,795
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	3,445	1,810	1,635
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	6,070	2,335	3,730
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	2,570	1,195	1,370
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	1,480	865	615
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	2,540	1,170	1,370
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,095	550	540
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	2,090	940	1,155
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	2,485	975	1,520
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	470	210	260
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,500	685	815
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	307,380	149,155	158,225
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	357,690	172,630	185,065
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	21,925	10,195	11,730
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	15,430	7,205	8,230
Inuit	1,360	645	710	260	120	145
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	7,135	3,255	3,880
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	92,140	45,525	46,610
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	535	280	255
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	8,485	3,960	4,520
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	86,000	42,575	43,425
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	145	95	50
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	15	0	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	25	0	30
Québécois	1,570	780	785	275	125	155
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	30	10	20
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	279,965	134,765	145,205
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	215,945	104,040	111,900
Channel Islander	445	235	210	95	45	50
Cornish	205	105	95	135	80	60
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	140,510	67,335	73,180
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	73,170	33,440	39,730
Manx	815	475	345	240	125	120
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	98,475	46,700	51,775
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	14,140	6,515	7,625
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	14,995	6,940	8,055
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	38,815	17,640	21,180
Alsatian	355	140	215	25	20	10
Breton	60	35	20	30	15	20
Corsican	60	30	30	15	10	10
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	38,775	17,610	21,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	71,290	33,945	37,345
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	4,260	1,950	2,315
Bavarian	155	65	85	50	15	35
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	2,095	1,000	1,095
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	17,790	8,480	9,310
Flemish	910	430	475	235	85	145
Frisian	400	230	165	95	45	45
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	50,440	24,010	26,430
Luxembourger	305	145	155	55	0	50
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	2,775	1,350	1,420
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	105	50	60
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	31,500	14,880	16,620
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	6,075	2,955	3,120
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	2,710	1,270	1,445
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	2,645	1,255	1,385
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	12,130	5,690	6,445
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	9,380	4,280	5,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	1,645	845	795
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	46,440	22,090	24,345
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	285	130	155
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	215	110	100
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	2,015	925	1,085
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	610	275	335
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	400	160	240
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	4,930	2,395	2,530
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	510	255	260
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	840	415	420
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	75	30	40
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	13,610	6,510	7,100
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	2,340	1,085	1,255
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	8,565	4,130	4,435
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	745	355	385
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	19,410	9,090	10,320
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	350	165	190
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	24,660	11,670	12,990
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	205	130	75
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	95	40	55
Catalan	160	105	60	30	15	10
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	1,745	925	820
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	35	10	25
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	1,990	930	1,055
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	11,665	5,585	6,080
Kosovar	485	255	225	10	0	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	100	50	50
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	310	150	160
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	30	20	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	3,365	1,560	1,805
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	610	295	315
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	70	35	35
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	445	225	225
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	4,750	2,065	2,680
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	570	275	295
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	65	50	20
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	3,420	1,710	1,705
Basque	815	400	415	130	60	70
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,675	830	845
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	100	40	60
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	70	35	30
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	1,470	755	710
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	2,245	1,020	1,225
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	15	10	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	10	0	0
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	165	65	105
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	70	35	35
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	10	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	140	50	95
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	60	15	45
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	60	15	40
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	100	60	35
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	980	480	505
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	10	10
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	10	10	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	70	25	50
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	290	135	155
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	15	15	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	215	85	130
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	145	75	65
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	4,965	2,225	2,735
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	220	95	120
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	165	55	110
Belizean	355	170	185	15	0	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	40	20	20
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	280	115	170
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	405	185	220
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	465	210	260
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	105	50	55
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	125	55	70
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	155	85	75
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	180	70	110
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	75	40	35
Honduran	1,750	810	940	55	25	30
Maya	1,135	555	575	75	30	45
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	1,880	870	1,010
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	150	80	65
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	20	10	20
Paraguayan	305	140	160	25	10	15
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	190	85	105
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	220	100	120
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	10	0	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	90	30	60
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	295	150	145
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	5,070	2,610	2,460
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	505	245	255
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	10	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	10	0	0
Chadian	185	95	90	20	10	10
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	65	25	40
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	70	40	30
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	10	10	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	25	0	25
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	15	10	10
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	215	115	100
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	25	25	10
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	20	0	15
Togolese	315	205	105	15	10	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	10	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	70	35	35
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	860	480	380
Algerian	1,700	835	870	25	25	0
Berber	680	365	315	20	15	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	0	0	0
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	395	220	175
Libyan	1,275	685	600	175	110	60
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	175	95	80
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	30	15	15
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	60	35	25
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	20	0	15
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,225	1,110	1,115
Afrikaner	340	175	170	125	60	60
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	10	10	10
Burundian	710	385	325	10	0	10
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	65	30	35
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	220	105	115
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	165	90	75
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	35	20	20
Oromo	830	370	460	20	10	15
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	70	35	35
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	130	70	60
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	1,140	565	575
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	25	15	10
Tigrian	410	210	200	10	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	50	30	10
Zambian	385	195	190	30	15	15
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	65	40	30
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	155	80	75
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,560	800	760
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	220	115	105
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,365	700	670
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	46,940	21,645	25,295
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	4,675	2,365	2,310
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	165	90	75
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	360	195	160
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	300	150	150
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	40	25	20
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	40	25	15
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,460	690	765
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	110	75	35
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	150	75	70
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	115	70	45
Kazakh	975	445	530	25	10	20
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	30	25	10
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	15	10	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	10	0	10
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	700	335	370
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	165	80	80
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	240	140	100
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	400	195	210
Tajik	1,425	670	755	15	10	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	50	20	35
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	410	220	185
Turkmen	405	205	200	25	10	15
Uighur	545	255	290	25	15	15
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	10	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	20	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	200	105	95
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	10,780	5,475	5,310
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	65	30	40
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	40	20	25
Bhutanese	150	80	65	20	0	10
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	9,180	4,640	4,535
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	75	50	25
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	60	25	35
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	0	0	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	105	30	80
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	460	270	190
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	760	385	370
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	15	0	10
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	165	65	95
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	65	30	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	200	95	100
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	31,815	14,000	17,820
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	65	20	40
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	230	125	105
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	17,825	8,195	9,625
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	6,650	2,630	4,025
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	405	145	260
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	2,975	1,170	1,810
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	2,150	975	1,175
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	90	60	35
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	290	105	185
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	75	40	35
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	60	35	30
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	435	165	270
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	500	180	320
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	25	10	15
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,660	775	885
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	45	0	40
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	180	80	100
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	180	80	100
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	2,560	1,220	1,345
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	1,330	620	715
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	615	335	280
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	715	325	390
Fijian	1,185	495	690	125	75	45
Hawaiian	225	115	115	305	130	175
Maori	200	105	90	155	55	105
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	50	25	30
Samoan	90	45	50	75	45	25
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	40	25	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	162,740	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	101,885	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	60,745	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	162,740	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	29,950	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	132,785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	162,735	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	2,290	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	31,835	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	47,240	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	43,630	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	37,735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	162,735	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	57,740	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	23,950	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	20,065	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	17,100	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	43,875	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	162,735	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	161,305	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,435	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	162,740	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	156,960	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	5,775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	162,735	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	39,550	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	52,575	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	23,740	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	19,665	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	7,870	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	11,240	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	8,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	162,735	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	154,020	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	8,720	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	162,735	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	92,345	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	65,350	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	5,040	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	162,740	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	6,970	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	22,560	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	23,675	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	29,330	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	33,020	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	26,780	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	14,120	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	6,270	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	159,765	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	114,200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	45,565	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	38,770	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	99,610	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	57.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	19.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,199	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,410	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	590,424	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	637,064	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	60,400	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	12.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	44.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,004	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,117	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	309,545	148,140	161,410
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	37,035	19,235	17,795
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	88,060	41,940	46,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	184,455	86,960	97,500
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	25,065	18,350	6,715
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	10,050	5,545	4,510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	15,015	12,805	2,210
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	60,025	23,620	36,400
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	8,880	3,305	5,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	90,490	41,685	48,805
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	55,765	24,495	31,265
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	5,945	2,545	3,395
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	2,740	1,660	1,080
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	20,705	9,605	11,100
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	5,345	3,375	1,965
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	196,010	94,585	101,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	14,300	8,595	5,700
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	48,570	24,315	24,255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	133,145	61,670	71,470
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	17,060	12,760	4,300
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	6,695	3,790	2,905
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	10,365	8,970	1,395
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	44,060	17,740	26,320
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	5,835	2,310	3,530
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	66,185	28,855	37,325
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	41,855	17,820	24,035
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	4,140	1,700	2,435
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	1,855	955	900
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	15,295	6,675	8,620
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	3,040	1,710	1,330
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	309,545	148,140	161,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	125,090	61,175	63,910
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	13,870	3,715	10,160
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	13,870	3,715	10,155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	8,035	3,340	4,690
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	900	730	175
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	7,130	2,610	4,520
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	11,985	4,825	7,155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	1,585	430	1,160
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	3,870	1,215	2,655
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,170	820	1,350
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	125	45	80
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	790	505	285
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	825	525	295
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	2,100	1,175	925
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	515	105	410
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	26,150	10,120	16,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	555	150	410
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	2,060	720	1,335
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	3,245	325	2,920
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	3,740	1,385	2,350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	610	245	365
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	5,090	1,655	3,430
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	10,850	5,635	5,220
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	33,050	12,775	20,280
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	45	30	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	3,750	1,130	2,625
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	29,250	11,615	17,640
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	8,910	4,885	4,025
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	4,260	1,955	2,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,305	610	695
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	60	10	50
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	3,045	2,255	780
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	240	60	185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	7,090	4,720	2,370
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	5,380	3,915	1,465
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	615	100	520
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	985	630	360
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	105	80	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	30,390	27,800	2,595
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	1,225	795	430
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	5,945	5,140	810
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	6,365	5,620	745
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	20	0	25
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	8,175	7,990	185
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	5,305	5,105	200
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	3,345	3,150	200
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	3,970	2,435	1,535
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,960	1,115	845
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	2,010	1,325	690
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	30,635	6,735	23,905
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	2,025	1,080	945
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	27,715	5,090	22,630
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	890	565	330
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	10,340	5,595	4,740
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	6,580	2,530	4,050
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	150	135	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	265	235	25
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	1,440	985	455
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,905	1,710	195
Other	335	95	235	35	20	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	35	20	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	196,015	94,585	101,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	62,870	32,915	29,955
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	8,310	2,110	6,195
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	8,310	2,110	6,195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	5,965	2,435	3,530
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	615	470	140
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	5,350	1,965	3,390
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	8,185	3,175	5,010
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	1,090	255	835
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	2,645	800	1,845
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,610	605	1,000
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	75	35	45
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	490	310	185
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	515	295	215
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,470	830	640
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	290	45	240
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	19,650	7,185	12,465
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	410	95	315
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,745	590	1,155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	2,485	250	2,235
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	2,815	865	1,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	515	225	295
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	3,480	1,030	2,450
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	8,205	4,130	4,075
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	24,535	9,265	15,270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	30	15	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	2,655	705	1,945
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	21,845	8,540	13,310
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	6,230	3,180	3,050
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	3,215	1,410	1,800
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	925	430	495
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	35	0	30
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,925	1,310	615
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	135	30	105
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	5,815	3,975	1,840
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	4,800	3,520	1,285
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	365	70	290
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	570	325	245
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	80	60	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	21,585	19,480	2,105
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	855	505	350
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	4,245	3,545	695
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	4,395	3,810	585
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	10	0	15
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	5,995	5,840	155
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	3,755	3,595	160
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	2,325	2,175	145
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	3,065	1,770	1,295
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	1,455	805	650
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	1,610	965	645
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	22,140	4,910	17,225
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	1,635	845	790
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	19,950	3,770	16,180
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	555	295	260
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	7,645	4,180	3,465
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	4,880	1,980	2,900
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	100	85	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	170	145	20
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	1,090	725	365
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	1,405	1,235	165
Other	285	80	205	30	15	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	30	15	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	309,550	148,140	161,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	125,090	61,175	63,910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	184,460	86,960	97,500
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	155,000	72,975	82,025
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	109,025	50,515	58,505
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	45,980	22,460	23,515
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	29,455	13,985	15,470
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	7,470	3,850	3,620
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	2,555	795	1,760
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,125	590	535
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	6,635	3,510	3,130
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	1,610	635	970
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	280	125	155
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	9,785	4,485	5,300
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	196,010	94,585	101,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	62,870	32,910	29,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	133,140	61,675	71,470
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	114,530	53,585	60,945
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	84,275	38,790	45,485
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	30,255	14,795	15,455
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	18,610	8,085	10,525
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	4,200	1,990	2,210
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	2,295	690	1,605
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	855	385	470
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	2,815	1,395	1,420
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,360	550	810
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	205	85	115
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	6,880	2,985	3,895
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	309,550	148,140	161,410
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	198,460	100,245	98,220
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	187,335	94,225	93,110
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	11,125	6,015	5,105
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	111,090	47,900	63,195
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	64.1	67.7	60.9
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	60.5	63.6	57.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	5.6	6.0	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	309,550	148,140	161,410
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	101,040	43,220	57,815
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	208,510	104,915	103,595
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	100,380	55,105	45,275
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	108,130	49,810	58,320
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.5	43.0	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	198,455	100,240	98,215
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	3,065	1,465	1,595
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	195,395	98,775	96,620
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	168,440	82,965	85,475
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	26,955	15,810	11,150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	198,460	100,240	98,215
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	3,060	1,465	1,595
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	195,400	98,775	96,625
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	21,535	12,710	8,820
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	31,250	8,950	22,295
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	15,235	11,875	3,360
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	15,570	3,795	11,770
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	28,045	10,655	17,395
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	7,430	3,195	4,240
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	48,300	22,060	26,245
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	21,950	20,780	1,170
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	3,560	2,760	795
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	2,525	2,000	525
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	198,455	100,240	98,215
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	3,060	1,465	1,600
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	195,400	98,775	96,620
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,935	1,250	680
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	585	520	70
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	485	395	90
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	13,225	11,925	1,300
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	6,800	5,115	1,685
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	3,675	2,565	1,115
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	22,720	10,930	11,795
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	7,410	5,545	1,865
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	4,105	2,350	1,755
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	6,065	2,510	3,555
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	4,105	2,115	1,990
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	16,355	9,360	7,000
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	200	70	130
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	8,725	5,105	3,620
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	16,005	5,745	10,265
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	26,710	6,110	20,605
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	5,270	2,570	2,700
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	17,965	8,390	9,580
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	8,400	3,375	5,030
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	24,630	12,840	11,790
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	187,330	94,225	93,110
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	15,755	7,700	8,055
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	750	495	260
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	22,665	16,505	6,160
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	148,165	69,525	78,640
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	148,165	69,530	78,640
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	53,655	23,845	29,815
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	90,795	43,435	47,355
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	2,745	1,615	1,130
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	970	635	335
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	170,835	86,035	84,800
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	111,035	57,835	53,200
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	8,180	2,975	5,200
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	18,610	7,685	10,925
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	17,640	7,870	9,775
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	11,245	6,965	4,280
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	4,125	2,710	1,410
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	170,830	86,030	84,800
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	50,855	24,070	26,785
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	70,320	35,525	34,795
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	31,485	16,975	14,510
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	10,620	5,395	5,220
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	7,555	4,065	3,490
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	170,830	86,035	84,800
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	7,215	4,885	2,335
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	27,635	16,710	10,920
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	46,790	23,620	23,170
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	42,210	18,265	23,945
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	22,745	9,815	12,930
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	24,240	12,735	11,505
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	214,790	108,020	106,770
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	213,545	107,485	106,065
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	212,345	106,945	105,405
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	211,710	106,775	104,935
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	640	170	470
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	1,205	540	665
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	1,180	530	645
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	10	10	0
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	45	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	10	0	10
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	45	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	230	70	155
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	55	15	40
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	60	10	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	45	10	30
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	35	10	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	20	0	20
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	50	20	30
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	50	25	25
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	40	10	25
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	0	10
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	85	25	60
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	10	10
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	10	0	0
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	70	20	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	80	20	60
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	100	55	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	50	10	45
American Sign Language	245	80	170	45	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	595	315	280
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	600	315	280
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	295	165	130
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	285	145	135
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	25	10	20
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	10
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,245	535	705
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	410	185	225
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	805	335	470
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	20	10	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	214,790	108,020	106,770
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	207,345	104,650	102,700
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,045	365	680
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	2,995	1,475	1,520
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	3,230	1,440	1,790
Aboriginal	155	50	105	75	25	45
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	3,160	1,415	1,745
English and French	85	45	45	10	10	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	10	0	0
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	165	85	80
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	354,665	171,125	183,545
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	296,460	142,800	153,660
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	58,210	28,325	29,885
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	34,815	17,010	17,805
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	23,390	11,310	12,080
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	19,415	9,325	10,090
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	12,385	5,785	6,605
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	7,030	3,545	3,490
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	3,975	1,985	1,990
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	342,025	164,865	177,155
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	192,275	92,445	99,835
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	149,745	72,425	77,325
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	83,445	40,650	42,805
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	66,300	31,775	34,525
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	52,875	25,485	27,395
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	33,155	15,780	17,370
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	19,725	9,700	10,025
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	13,420	6,290	7,130