Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Catharines - Niagara [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	St. Catharines - Niagara Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , St. Catharines - Niagara [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : St. Catharines - Niagara [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	406,074	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	392,184	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.5	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	180,606	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	168,485	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	290.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,397.49	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	406,075	196,310	209,765	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	59,115	30,265	28,855	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	18,360	9,405	8,955	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	19,995	10,180	9,815	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	20,765	10,680	10,085	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	258,550	126,325	132,225	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	23,145	11,785	11,360	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	25,755	12,940	12,810	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	23,015	11,665	11,350	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	21,760	10,655	11,105	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	21,440	10,360	11,080	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	23,385	11,230	12,155	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	26,360	12,755	13,610	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	31,945	15,500	16,445	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	31,830	15,285	16,545	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	29,915	14,150	15,765	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	88,405	39,720	48,685	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	27,635	13,225	14,420	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	20,840	9,995	10,845	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	15,145	6,995	8,150	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	11,695	4,955	6,735	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	13,090	4,555	8,540	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	8,175	3,155	5,025	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	3,895	1,175	2,715	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	910	215	700	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	110	10	100	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.4	13.8	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	63.7	64.3	63.0	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	21.8	20.2	23.2	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	3.2	2.3	4.1	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	44.1	42.9	45.2	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	46.0	44.7	47.3	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	112,405	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	9,860	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	45,940	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	9,115	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	10,735	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,175	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	19,275	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	635	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	285	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	48,300	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	62,155	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	25,225	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	21,205	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	11,600	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	396,870	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	346,955	166,045	180,905	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	195,565	97,845	97,725	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	165,195	82,690	82,505	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	30,370	15,155	15,215	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	151,390	68,205	83,185	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	89,620	48,100	41,520	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	12,605	5,440	7,160	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	23,465	9,395	14,065	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	25,705	5,265	20,440	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	116,975	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	64,460	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	24,200	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	19,940	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	8,380	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	116,975	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	95,515	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	80,335	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	15,180	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	21,460	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	17,120	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	4,335	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	95,515	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	51,070	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	44,440	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	18,305	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	18,305	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	7,835	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	21,460	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	13,385	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	5,895	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	2,175	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	70,630	32,130	38,500	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	168,485	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	111,480	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	48,800	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	62,680	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	2,710	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	54,295	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	48,295	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5,995	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	399,565	193,960	205,605	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	364,650	178,910	185,740	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	400	160	240	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	31,730	13,740	17,990	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	2,780	1,145	1,635	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	399,565	193,960	205,605	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	384,230	187,135	197,095	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	11,510	5,205	6,300	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	1,115	510	610	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	2,710	1,110	1,600	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	12,070	5,460	6,605	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	3.0	2.8	3.2	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	399,565	193,960	205,605	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	393,560	191,155	202,410	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	337,345	164,655	172,690	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	325,290	159,170	166,115	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	12,055	5,485	6,570	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	56,215	26,495	29,715	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	65	25	40	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	35	15	20	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	0	0	0	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	15	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	25	10	15	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	0	0	0	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	5	0	5	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	25	10	15	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	5	5	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	20	5	15	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	5	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	5	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	56,150	26,465	29,680	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,765	1,430	1,335	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	5	5	0	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	0	0	0	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	170	75	90	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	0	0	0	805	455	350
Oromo	5	5	5	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	160	70	90	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	365	195	170
Semitic languages	2,585	1,355	1,230	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	50	20	30	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	2,245	1,170	1,075	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	0	0	0	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	60	40	25	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	120	65	55	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	45	25	20	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	915	420	490	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	180	75	105	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	730	345	385	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	2,155	785	1,375	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	10	5	5	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	85	25	60	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	30	10	15	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	90	40	50	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,430	665	760
Malay	40	15	25	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	5	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	10	5	0	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,870	680	1,190	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	230	120	110	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	30	20	15	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	165	85	85	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	465	245	220	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	15	10	5	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	280	155	130	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	130	70	65	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	35	15	20	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	40,300	19,180	21,120	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	165	75	85	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	215	95	120	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	10,220	4,595	5,625	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	240	95	140	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	115	40	70	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	125	55	70	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	9,985	4,505	5,480	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	10	5	10	810	385	430
Bosnian	195	105	90	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	320	150	170	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	845	400	440	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	305	145	155	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	95	50	45	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	3,445	1,480	1,965	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	1,100	475	625	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	1,310	655	655	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	120	55	65	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	400	180	220	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	330	135	195	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	1,490	645	840	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	35	20	10	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	15	5	5	1,090	540	550
Welsh	10	10	5	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	530	295	235
Germanic languages	9,370	4,365	5,000	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	120	50	60	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	145	65	80	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	3,200	1,530	1,675	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	65	30	30	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	5,675	2,620	3,055	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	5	0	0	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	25	10	15	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	75	25	45	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	15	25	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	15	10	5	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	525	280	240
Greek	700	350	355	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	3,695	1,900	1,795	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	2,985	1,540	1,445	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	165	90	80	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	585	305	275	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	445	255	190	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	5	5	0	565	300	265
Konkani	5	0	0	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	50	25	20	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	45	25	20	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	5	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	625	290	335	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	30	20	10	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	80	45	35	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	945	485	465	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	675	345	330	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	210	100	105	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	45	25	20	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	415	220	200	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	15,895	7,770	8,135	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	5	5	0	865	440	425
Italian	10,185	4,960	5,225	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	860	410	445	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	400	190	205	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	4,435	2,190	2,245	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	720	380	340
Japanese	325	100	220	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	1,715	910	805
Georgian	10	5	5	1,715	910	805
Korean	1,260	595	665	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	535	260	275	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	75	45	35	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,535	815	720
Edo	5	5	5	1,670	770	900
Ewe	5	5	0	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	5	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	0	0	0	920	445	470
Ganda	5	5	5	1,295	625	665
Igbo	15	10	10	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	10	5	5	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	10	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	10	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	120	50	70	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	100	45	55	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	0	0	5	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	55	35	20	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	10	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	0	0	0	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	80	45	40	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	40	20	20	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	20	15	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,580	2,095	2,485	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	4,550	2,080	2,470	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	1,215	575	650	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	20	5	5	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	2,890	1,295	1,595	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	5	0	0	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	90	40	50	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	45	15	30	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	280	140	140	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	15	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	5	0	5	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	5	5	5	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	20	5	10	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	330	145	180	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	255	125	130	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	75	20	55	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	345	195	150	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	300	170	130	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	15	5	5	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	10	5	5	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	1,825	825	1,000	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	120	50	70	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	130	60	70	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	1,575	715	860	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	6,005	2,810	3,200	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	1,665	765	905	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	4,020	1,895	2,125	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	175	75	100	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	135	70	70	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	399,565	193,960	205,605	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	388,540	188,910	199,630	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	367,030	178,855	188,180	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	363,590	177,375	186,215	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	3,445	1,480	1,965	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	21,505	10,055	11,450	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	0	0	0	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,500	10,055	11,445	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,420	695	730	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	0	0	5	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	0	0	0	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	110	50	65	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	0	0	0	620	330	285
Oromo	0	0	5	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	105	50	60	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	185	85	95
Semitic languages	1,305	640	665	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	10	5	5	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	1,205	585	620	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	0	0	0	735	335	400
Hebrew	20	15	10	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	15	5	0	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	25	15	10	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	550	255	290	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	35	45	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	465	220	250	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	850	370	475	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	0	0	290	140	155
Cebuano	30	15	15	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	10	0	5	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	35	20	15	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	435	220	210
Malay	5	5	5	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	5	5	0	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	755	330	425	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	135	65	70	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	25	15	15	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	95	40	55	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	170	85	90	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	0	5	0	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	120	60	65	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	40	20	20	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	5	0	0	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	13,160	6,120	7,040	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	75	40	40	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	75	30	40	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	3,845	1,775	2,070	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	45	15	35	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	20	5	10	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	30	10	20	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	3,800	1,760	2,040	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	5	5	0	230	105	120
Bosnian	125	65	60	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	165	80	90	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	250	105	140	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	65	30	40	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	40	25	20	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	1,285	580	710	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	620	300	320	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	710	345	365	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	20	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	80	40	45	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	70	30	40	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	325	140	185	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	670	310	360
Celtic languages	5	0	5	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	185	105	80
Welsh	0	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	1,140	545	600	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	50	25	25	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	10	5	5	855	410	445
Dutch	115	50	70	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	5	5	5	185	95	90
German	945	455	495	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	0	0	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	0	0	0	345	145	200
Swedish	10	5	5	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	235	115	125	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	1,930	965	970	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	1,595	805	790	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	90	45	40	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	360	190	170	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	215	125	95	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	0	0	0	135	70	70
Konkani	0	0	0	720	355	370
Marathi	20	10	5	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	35	20	20	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	325	150	180	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	15	10	10	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	15	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	505	250	255	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	335	160	175	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	115	55	65	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	15	10	10	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	195	95	105	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	5,845	2,650	3,195	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	0	0	0	355	165	190
Italian	2,825	1,140	1,685	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	280	125	150	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	170	85	85	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	2,565	1,300	1,270	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	180	85	95
Japanese	150	70	75	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	1,040	565	475
Georgian	0	0	0	1,035	565	475
Korean	925	440	485	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	910	440	470
Mongolian	0	0	0	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	130	55	75	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	5	0	5	415	175	240
Ewe	0	0	0	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	0	250	105	140
Ganda	0	0	0	345	160	185
Igbo	0	0	0	1,000	485	510
Lingala	0	0	0	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	1,530	670	865
Shona	40	15	20	1,035	475	560
Swahili	45	15	25	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	0	0	0	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	10	5	5	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	0	0	0	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	105	50	50	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	35	20	15	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	35	35	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,150	1,490	1,660	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	3,130	1,480	1,645	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	740	350	390	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	5	0	0	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	2,155	1,005	1,145	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	20	20	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	15	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	175	95	80	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	0	0	0	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	5	5	0	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	15	5	5	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	165	75	90	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	145	70	75	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	20	10	10	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	175	95	75	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	10	10	5	1,245	640	610
Turkish	150	80	70	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	5	0	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	5	5	0	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	455	230	225
Uralic languages	425	190	240	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	10	5	5	975	365	610
Finnish	20	10	5	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	395	170	225	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	11,025	5,050	5,970	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	1,060	430	630	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	9,700	4,505	5,195	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	70	30	35	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	195	85	115	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	399,565	193,960	205,605	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	363,530	177,370	186,165	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	11,235	5,300	5,935	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	6,545	2,795	3,755	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	17,755	8,275	9,480	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	110	50	55	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	17,645	8,220	9,425	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	85	40	45	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	155	80	80	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	255	110	145	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	337,885	162,355	175,530	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	326,725	157,230	169,495	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,981	37,659	26,119	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	326,835	157,240	169,600	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,521	34,064	24,430	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	289,730	142,350	147,385	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,765	34,832	22,209	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	249,770	112,530	137,235	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,369	6,947	7,568	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	230,445	118,895	111,545	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,837	32,640	24,320	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	337,885	162,340	175,545	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	326,830	157,235	169,590	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,013	48,225	34,326	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	326,950	157,250	169,700	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,933	40,332	29,930	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	289,750	142,040	147,715	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,851	46,754	31,252	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	250,210	112,870	137,340	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,580	8,345	8,774	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	230,440	118,780	111,660	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,900	43,377	32,074	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	337,885	162,335	175,550	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	102,590	57,260	45,330	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	48,616	54,342	42,654	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	57,607	63,996	49,537	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	84.1	87.8	79.2	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	65.3	68.3	61.3	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	15.9	12.2	20.8	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	337,880	162,355	175,530	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	11,160	5,125	6,035	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	326,725	157,235	169,490	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.8	96.6	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	44,440	18,765	25,680	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	61,685	23,625	38,055	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	52,755	20,925	31,835	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	42,190	19,865	22,330	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	34,620	17,440	17,175	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	25,415	14,190	11,225	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	17,560	10,665	6,890	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	12,270	7,760	4,510	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	9,195	5,930	3,265	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	8,050	4,790	3,260	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	18,545	13,285	5,265	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	13,285	9,285	4,000	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	5,265	4,000	1,265	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	337,885	162,355	175,530	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	11,045	5,115	5,935	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	326,840	157,240	169,600	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.8	96.6	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	46,060	19,060	27,000	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	64,560	24,815	39,745	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	60,755	24,820	35,935	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	48,640	23,880	24,765	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	37,545	20,085	17,460	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	23,450	14,130	9,320	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	15,325	9,885	5,440	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	11,535	7,205	4,330	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	18,955	13,355	5,605	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	7,040	4,535	2,505	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	3,770	2,730	1,040	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	8,145	6,090	2,055	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	337,885	162,360	175,530	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	107,440	43,460	63,985	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	230,440	118,900	111,545	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	68.2	73.2	63.5	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	38,930	21,015	17,920	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	20,155	8,795	11,360	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	33,715	14,460	19,255	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	28,285	12,165	16,120	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	24,420	11,095	13,320	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	21,305	10,315	10,990	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	16,305	9,400	6,905	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	11,310	7,150	4,165	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	8,475	5,530	2,940	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	27,545	18,970	8,575	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	6,950	4,515	2,430	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	6,970	4,035	2,935	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	13,625	10,420	3,210	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,001	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,572	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	48,295	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,749	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,197	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	120,185	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,961	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,255	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	168,485	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,556	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,788	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	48,240	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,496	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,742	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	120,250	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,224	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,044	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	168,485	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	2,255	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,165	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,255	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	7,010	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,410	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,560	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	8,150	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	8,295	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	8,260	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	8,035	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	14,710	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	13,085	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	11,725	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10,290	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	8,955	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	44,325	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	16,410	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10,415	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10,415	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	7,090	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	168,485	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	2,375	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,230	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,305	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	7,385	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	9,405	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	8,555	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	9,220	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,615	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,670	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	9,200	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	16,795	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,920	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	12,905	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10,605	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	8,690	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	31,610	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	14,375	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	7,890	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	9,345	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	115,775	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,272	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,456	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	47,705	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,433	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,528	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	45,005	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,132	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,672	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20,000	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,922	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,005	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	115,705	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,744	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,366	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	47,545	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,445	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,490	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	45,085	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,130	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,495	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	19,930	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,016	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,777	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	62,585	28,810	33,780	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,442	30,850	27,081	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	26,465	28,121	25,491	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	62,575	28,765	33,815	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,172	39,719	35,006	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	32,072	33,615	30,760	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	396,865	192,540	204,320	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	214,745	100,810	113,935	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	40,715	19,225	21,495	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	43,855	19,175	24,685	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	44,440	20,595	23,845	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	42,735	20,645	22,095	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	42,985	21,170	21,815	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	182,125	91,735	90,390	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	41,375	20,550	20,825	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	40,000	20,015	19,985	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	37,555	18,950	18,610	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	35,695	18,175	17,515	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	27,495	14,040	13,455	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	396,870	192,545	204,320	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	72,445	37,080	35,365	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	22,115	11,350	10,765	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	242,530	117,810	124,720	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	81,890	37,650	44,240	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	60,760	27,430	33,325	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	14,955	7,705	7,245	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	5,075	2,615	2,460	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	36,695	16,600	20,100	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	9,105	3,125	5,980	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.2	16.3	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	20.6	20.8	20.5	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	22.9	23.0	22.9	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.1	14.1	16.1	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	11.1	8.3	13.5	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30,760	14,800	15,960	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	6,435	3,315	3,125	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	2,170	1,085	1,085	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	22,645	10,820	11,830	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	1,680	670	1,010	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.8	7.7	7.8	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	8.9	8.8	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	9.6	10.1	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.2	9.5	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.8	2.3	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	396,865	192,545	204,325	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	394,175	191,435	202,735	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	393,810	191,295	202,515	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	31,995	13,880	18,115	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	69,085	32,705	36,380	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	145	70	70	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	50	30	25	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	10	10	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	30	20	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	0	0	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	40	25	15	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	0	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	10	0	0	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	10	0	10	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	65	20	40	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	20	10	20	125	40	85
Mohawk	40	10	25	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	10	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	20	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	68,945	32,635	36,310	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,950	2,020	1,930	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	15	10	0	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	0	0	0	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	225	130	100	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	0	0	0	1,085	625	470
Oromo	10	0	10	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	205	120	80	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	480	220	265
Semitic languages	3,750	1,915	1,835	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	45	20	25	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	3,270	1,680	1,600	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	0	0	0	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	190	95	100	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	195	105	95	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	50	25	25	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,095	490	605	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	240	95	145	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	850	395	460	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	2,730	1,020	1,710	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	25	20	10	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	115	40	75	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	10	0	0	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	85	25	60	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	0	0	0	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	65	20	45	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	10	10	0	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,615	970	1,645	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	10	10	10	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	395	190	210	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	55	20	30	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	220	95	125	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	120	70	50	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	565	315	255	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	40	20	20	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	335	190	150	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	180	105	75	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	70	30	35	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	50,020	23,850	26,165	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	185	80	105	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	270	130	140	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	11,345	5,220	6,130	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	250	105	145	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	140	60	80	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	110	45	60	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	11,150	5,140	6,005	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	20	10	10	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	360	165	195	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	315	175	140	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	1,205	595	610	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	365	175	190	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	145	85	60	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	4,100	1,775	2,320	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	1,550	735	820	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	1,685	870	815	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	110	55	55	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	320	135	180	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	320	150	170	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	1,730	745	980	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	55	20	30	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	130	65	65	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	55	30	30	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	20	10	10	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	11,115	5,215	5,895	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	205	95	110	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	170	75	95	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	3,635	1,750	1,885	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	95	50	45	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	7,010	3,270	3,740	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	0	10	0	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	70	30	40	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	125	50	75	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	10	30	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	10	0	10	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	25	15	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	895	440	455	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	4,585	2,360	2,225	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	3,720	1,910	1,810	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	245	135	110	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	720	385	335	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	1,570	855	720	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	10	0	0	905	490	420
Konkani	0	0	0	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	80	35	45	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	70	45	25	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	10	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,010	495	520	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	65	25	40	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	120	65	60	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	1,155	565	585	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	870	450	420	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	315	160	155	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	15	10	0	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	570	295	280	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	22,500	10,850	11,650	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	15	15	0	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	13,540	6,455	7,085	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	1,295	620	675	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	590	315	270	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	7,760	3,740	4,025	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	60	35	20	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	505	210	295	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	15	10	0	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	10	10	0	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	1,320	610	710	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	0	0	0	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	1,015	490	525	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	150	70	80	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	0	0	0	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	0	0	0	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	20	10	10	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	15	0	15	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	40	20	20	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	50	35	20	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	15	30	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	160	75	85	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	330	170	165	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	10	10	0	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	140	70	70	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	140	60	85	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	0	0	0	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	580	270	310	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	315	145	165	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	265	125	140	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,340	2,620	2,720	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	5,320	2,625	2,695	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	1,590	740	850	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	20	10	15	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	3,810	1,875	1,940	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	190	95	95	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	70	35	35	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	305	155	150	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	0	25	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	0	0	10	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	0	0	0	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	20	0	20	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	475	185	290	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	310	130	180	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	190	60	125	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	390	225	170	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	30	20	10	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	285	155	130	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	55	30	20	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	20	10	10	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	2,000	890	1,110	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	100	45	65	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	185	70	110	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	1,715	780	940	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	396,865	192,545	204,325	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	379,760	184,860	194,905	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	70,940	36,440	34,500	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	308,820	148,415	160,405	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	17,105	7,685	9,415	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	396,870	192,545	204,325	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	325,155	158,665	166,490	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	67,195	31,550	35,640	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	35,460	16,740	18,720	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	7,105	3,345	3,760	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	8,510	3,910	4,600	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	11,130	5,200	5,930	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	5,505	2,540	2,965	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	5,625	2,660	2,970	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	4,990	2,360	2,625	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	4,515	2,325	2,195	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	67,190	31,550	35,640	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	8,740	4,345	4,395	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	14,135	7,235	6,900	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	16,640	7,455	9,185	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	23,520	10,550	12,970	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	4,155	1,970	2,190	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	67,195	31,550	35,640	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	12,945	5,700	7,240	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	160	40	115	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	1,150	520	620	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	570	245	325	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	255	125	130	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	165	60	105	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	920	560	355	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	715	360	350	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	155	70	85	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	655	300	355	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	5,735	2,215	3,520	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	2,480	1,215	1,260	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	37,815	18,180	19,635	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	495	230	265	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	1,140	620	520	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	280	115	160	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	2,555	1,140	1,415	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	390	240	145	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	945	455	490	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	385	190	195	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	7,630	3,810	3,825	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	3,085	1,565	1,515	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	2,670	1,145	1,520	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	595	320	275	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	670	350	315	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	525	210	315	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	560	260	295	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	865	370	495	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	11,995	5,755	6,245	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	3,030	1,405	1,625	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	2,855	1,445	1,410	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	85	35	50	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	290	150	140	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	65	30	35	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	185	90	95	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	60	35	30	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	185	90	95	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	150	100	50	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	355	165	195	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	1,475	755	725	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	13,320	6,065	7,250	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	90	40	50	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	140	90	45	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,200	975	1,225	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	275	120	160	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	1,955	930	1,025	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	420	240	180	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	315	150	165	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	230	70	160	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	705	345	360	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	275	150	120	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	725	360	365	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	2,635	1,020	1,615	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	190	100	90	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	265	135	135	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	115	40	75	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	720	305	415	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	2,040	980	1,065	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	260	160	100	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	4,990	2,360	2,630	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	1,325	665	665	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	10	0	15	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	180	75	100	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	65	40	30	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	55	15	40	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	175	110	65	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	150	90	60	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	420	195	225	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	90	45	40	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	180	90	85	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	685	320	365	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	0	0	0	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	65	25	35	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	15	0	10	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	10	0	10	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	70	40	30	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	10	0	10	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	35	10	25	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	185	100	80	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	300	135	165	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	455	230	225	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	0	0	0	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	0	0	0	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	15	0	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	55	35	25	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	0	0	0	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	15	10	10	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	15	10	10	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	20	10	0	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	35	25	10	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	50	25	30	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	230	105	125	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	2,480	1,110	1,370	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	0	0	0	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	10	10	10	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	540	235	305	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	10	0	10	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	395	190	205	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	85	40	40	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	50	20	30	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	0	0	0	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	35	10	20	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	95	65	30	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	10	10	0	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	40	30	15	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	180	75	100	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	640	265	370	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	35	20	10	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	35	15	15	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	100	40	60	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	10	0	10	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	15	15	0	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	45	15	25	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	30	10	20	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	130	35	90	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	40	40	10	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	30	25	0	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	15	10	10	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	396,865	192,545	204,325	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	73,680	34,895	38,790	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	88,870	42,920	45,955	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	234,310	114,730	119,580	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	32,585	15,210	17,380	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	12,785	6,365	6,420	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	5,320	3,360	1,960	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	7,470	3,010	4,460	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	11,615	4,695	6,920	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	7,515	3,805	3,705	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	675	340	335	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	396,865	192,545	204,320	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	11,645	5,355	6,290	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	11,080	5,125	5,955	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	6,810	3,180	3,635	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	4,165	1,890	2,275	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	100	50	50	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	265	110	160	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	300	120	175	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	385,220	187,190	198,030	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	396,865	192,545	204,325	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	3,710	1,675	2,035	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	393,155	190,870	202,290	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	396,870	192,540	204,320	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	1,985	970	1,010	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	1,930	935	995	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	1,425	700	730	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	470	220	250	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	30	15	20	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	60	35	20	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	35	20	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	15,535	7,265	8,270	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	15,100	7,080	8,020	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,205	5,235	5,970	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,810	1,785	2,025	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	60	20	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	435	185	255	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	400	170	230	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	379,345	184,310	195,035	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	396,865	192,540	204,320	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	37,105	18,060	19,050	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	5,785	2,925	2,855	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	5,880	2,870	3,015	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	7,705	3,885	3,815	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	3,740	1,565	2,175	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	4,430	2,115	2,320	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	2,545	1,315	1,225	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	1,905	815	1,085	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	780	370	410	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	1,405	680	725	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	650	290	360	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	605	320	280	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	1,690	895	790	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	359,760	174,490	185,275	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	396,865	192,545	204,325	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	17,520	8,235	9,285	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	13,115	6,155	6,960	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	145	85	60	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	4,755	2,215	2,545	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	117,610	56,915	60,695	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	435	230	205	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	6,400	2,965	3,430	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	112,805	54,760	58,045	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	355	190	165	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	45	15	30	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	50	10	40	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	235	100	140	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	30	20	15	1,895	950	945
European origins	311,380	150,000	161,380	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	189,465	90,495	98,970	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	65	40	25	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	20	15	10	1,975	995	975
English	111,765	53,095	58,670	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	70,675	32,830	37,850	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	95	45	50	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	77,500	36,805	40,695	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	8,145	3,950	4,195	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	11,155	5,200	5,960	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	52,210	24,625	27,590	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	45	25	20	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	0	0	0	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	10	10	0	1,750	950	805
French	52,170	24,600	27,570	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	83,855	40,665	43,190	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	2,455	1,115	1,345	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	20	0	15	940	485	455
Belgian	1,450	700	750	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	29,180	14,240	14,940	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	90	40	50	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	195	95	105	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	55,915	27,065	28,850	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	20	10	15	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	1,515	675	835	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	10	0	10	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,545	3,390	4,155	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	1,765	870	890	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	1,660	740	920	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	390	175	215	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	1,620	710	905	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	2,245	895	1,350	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	325	165	160	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	58,965	28,335	30,630	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	660	355	305	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	185	80	100	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	1,315	645	665	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	625	275	350	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	415	185	230	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	11,490	5,530	5,965	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	640	330	310	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	915	455	460	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	80	40	45	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	20,815	9,705	11,110	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	2,670	1,340	1,325	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	6,325	3,120	3,205	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	2,120	1,040	1,080	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	20,700	9,980	10,725	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	125	45	80	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	65,850	32,825	33,025	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	235	105	135	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	595	285	310	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	25	15	10	1,280	740	535
Croatian	3,230	1,670	1,560	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	50	20	35	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	2,505	1,265	1,235	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	49,345	24,550	24,795	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	15	0	10	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	430	275	160	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	1,030	495	535	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	65	35	30	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	2,650	1,415	1,240	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	2,370	1,205	1,170	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	140	65	70	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	1,230	635	590	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	3,815	1,625	2,185	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	900	470	430	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	25	15	10	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	1,260	660	600	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	20	10	15	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	695	375	325	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	40	25	20	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	45	35	10	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	460	220	235	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	5,295	2,620	2,675	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	20	0	20	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	20	10	15	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	625	315	305	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	70	30	40	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	10	10	0	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	340	150	190	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	135	75	55	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	110	55	55	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	345	120	225	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	2,510	1,320	1,190	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	35	20	15	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	0	0	0	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	10	0	10	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	85	50	40	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	30	20	15	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	760	375	390	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	40	20	15	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	405	195	215	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	140	70	65	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	6,135	3,155	2,975	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	285	115	170	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	25	15	10	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	185	90	95	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	15	10	0	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	15	10	10	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	200	105	95	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	165	65	100	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	1,405	660	750	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	115	65	45	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	120	40	80	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	455	205	250	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	390	190	200	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	150	95	65	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	140	75	65	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	120	60	55	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	1,090	695	395	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	110	55	55	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	40	30	10	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	95	55	40	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	210	100	110	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	635	320	315	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	70	35	30	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	325	175	155	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	230	125	105	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	5,990	3,000	2,990	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	855	400	460	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	0	0	0	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	25	15	10	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	15	10	0	1,585	855	735
Beninese	0	0	0	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	0	0	0	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	15	10	10	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	0	10	1,845	955	885
Congolese	135	75	60	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	0	0	0	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	0	0	0	845	470	375
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,405	660	750
Gambian	10	10	0	975	495	475
Ghanaian	155	85	75	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	10	10	0	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	10	0	0	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	0	0	0	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	30	15	15	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	25	10	15	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	10	10	0	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	310	125	185	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	0	0	0	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	0	0	0	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	0	0	0	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	0	0	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	70	30	45	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	110	40	75	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	1,675	850	830	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	65	30	40	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	10	15	0	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	35	15	15	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	0	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	540	310	240	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	220	115	105	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	0	0	0	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	85	35	45	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	690	330	355	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	35	20	20	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	70	35	35	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	1,455	725	735	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	0	0	0	1,870	955	915
Amhara	0	0	0	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	0	0	0	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	40	20	25	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	0	0	10	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	65	30	35	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	105	45	55	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	0	0	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	120	60	55	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	0	0	0	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	25	15	0	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	0	0	0	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	30	10	15	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	20	15	10	1,285	575	710
Somali	295	160	135	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	385	200	185	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	45	30	25	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	0	0	0	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	20	0	15	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	25	15	15	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	180	75	105	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	0	0	0	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	130	60	70	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	2,070	1,065	1,010	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	320	180	140	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	1,760	890	865	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	26,505	12,790	13,720	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	5,625	2,885	2,740	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	115	50	65	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	570	335	230	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	920	460	460	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	90	50	40	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	55	35	25	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	30	10	20	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	0	0	0	1,515	810	705
Iranian	600	310	290	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	325	150	175	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	110	50	55	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	195	65	125	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	10	0	10	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	315	170	140	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	45	25	20	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	15	10	0	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	1,195	595	600	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	380	195	185	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	0	0	0	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	140	85	55	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	340	170	170	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	0	0	0	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	10	0	0	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	535	285	255	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	0	0	0	1,040	540	500
Uighur	60	35	25	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	0	0	0	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	70	45	25	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	155	75	75	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	6,175	3,100	3,070	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	60	40	20	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	70	40	30	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	0	0	0	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	4,800	2,415	2,385	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	0	0	0	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	25	0	20	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	45	25	25	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	70	40	25	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	725	330	400	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	220	100	125	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	20	10	0	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	190	105	80	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	20	10	10	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	235	125	110	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	14,890	6,925	7,970	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	40	30	10	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	385	135	250	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	7,185	3,540	3,640	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	4,000	1,690	2,305	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	115	50	65	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	815	375	440	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	0	0	0	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	1,470	705	765	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	395	175	225	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	50	15	35	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	30	20	15	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	0	0	10	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	60	25	35	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	230	65	160	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	30	0	25	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	1,235	590	640	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	20	10	20	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	130	60	70	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	130	60	75	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	500	225	275	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	380	170	205	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	75	30	45	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	55	25	25	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	10	10	10	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	15	0	10	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	10	10	0	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	10	10	0	1,530	725	805
Samoan	10	0	0	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	0	0	0	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	168,485	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	122,750	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	45,730	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	168,485	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	10,200	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	158,285	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	415	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	16,955	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	38,925	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	74,460	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	37,740	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	168,485	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	32,070	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	25,075	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	29,690	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	26,795	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	54,860	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	167,355	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,135	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	168,485	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	163,305	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	5,175	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	60,230	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	52,995	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	18,725	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	15,715	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	7,385	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,760	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	6,670	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	157,605	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	10,880	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	100,755	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	64,355	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	3,375	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	168,485	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	4,330	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	18,400	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	23,665	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	32,775	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	35,670	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	29,165	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	17,305	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	7,175	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	167,310	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	124,750	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	42,560	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	38,235	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	121,835	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	56.9	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.8	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,018	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,153	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	266,071	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	309,957	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	45,680	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.8	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	48.5	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	866	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	901	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	337,885	162,335	175,550	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	62,650	30,555	32,100	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	106,060	50,315	55,740	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	169,170	81,465	87,710	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	27,465	19,635	7,835	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	12,910	7,915	4,995	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	14,550	11,715	2,835	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	79,275	33,550	45,725	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,750	2,605	3,145	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	56,685	25,670	31,015	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	38,800	16,820	21,985	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,895	1,790	2,105	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,520	965	560	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	10,900	5,130	5,775	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	1,565	975	590	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	207,355	100,115	107,240	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,605	11,600	10,005	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	62,470	31,030	31,435	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	123,275	57,480	65,795	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,390	12,200	5,185	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	8,395	5,095	3,295	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	8,995	7,100	1,895	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	59,870	25,395	34,475	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,665	1,645	2,025	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	42,350	18,245	24,110	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	29,215	12,390	16,825	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,890	1,255	1,635	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,135	630	500	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	8,045	3,365	4,680	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	1,060	595	465	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	337,880	162,340	175,550	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	168,715	80,875	87,840	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	12,120	3,250	8,875	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	12,120	3,250	8,870	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,905	2,540	3,365	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,015	760	255	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	4,890	1,780	3,110	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	8,545	3,605	4,945	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	910	255	660	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	1,995	650	1,345	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,125	815	1,305	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	65	10	55	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	490	300	185	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,100	680	415	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	1,370	775	595	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	485	110	380	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	18,815	5,970	12,845	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	205	30	175	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,640	725	910	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,865	445	4,420	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	2,185	625	1,560	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	295	60	235	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	3,385	850	2,535	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	6,240	3,225	3,020	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	31,785	11,775	20,010	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	60	20	40	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,160	555	2,610	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	28,560	11,195	17,365	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,870	2,670	2,205	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,010	910	1,095	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,050	545	505	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	50	10	40	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	1,435	1,085	350	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	330	120	215	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,910	2,930	1,980	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,580	2,350	1,230	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	480	45	435	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	815	500	315	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	40	40	0	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	35,715	33,585	2,130	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	810	595	215	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	4,200	3,660	535	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,495	7,680	810	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	7,300	7,175	125	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,530	8,335	195	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	6,385	6,135	245	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,440	2,160	1,280	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,535	1,585	955	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	905	575	325	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	28,650	5,490	23,165	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,000	1,475	1,535	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	25,255	3,780	21,475	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	395	240	155	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	14,385	7,480	6,905	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	7,830	2,450	5,380	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	10	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	50	0	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	4,305	2,970	1,340	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,140	1,965	175	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	25	10	15	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	10	20	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	207,350	100,110	107,240	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	84,075	42,635	41,445	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	7,890	2,015	5,865	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	7,885	2,020	5,865	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,500	1,940	2,565	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	785	585	205	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	3,720	1,355	2,360	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	5,795	2,395	3,395	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	625	165	465	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	1,310	405	905	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,525	585	935	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	45	10	35	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	310	205	100	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	715	450	260	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	945	505	430	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	320	70	245	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	14,750	4,360	10,395	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	150	30	115	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,360	600	765	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,950	345	3,610	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	1,795	435	1,355	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	220	40	185	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	2,505	600	1,905	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	4,770	2,310	2,460	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	23,840	8,610	15,230	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	15	30	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,510	410	2,100	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	21,285	8,185	13,100	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,425	1,745	1,680	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,500	660	840	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	755	375	380	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	55	10	35	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	880	615	265	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	245	85	160	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,960	2,380	1,580	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,005	1,985	1,020	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	360	35	325	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	565	335	230	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	25	25	0	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	24,355	22,685	1,670	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	610	440	170	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	2,895	2,465	435	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	6,145	5,525	625	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	4,830	4,710	115	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,725	5,575	155	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	4,145	3,970	175	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,655	1,615	1,040	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,960	1,160	800	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	690	450	240	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	21,420	4,130	17,290	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,340	1,125	1,215	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	18,800	2,855	15,950	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	275	150	120	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	10,670	5,605	5,060	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	5,685	1,855	3,825	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	40	0	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	3,275	2,185	1,090	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,640	1,505	135	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	15	0	20	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	20	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	337,885	162,335	175,550	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	168,710	80,870	87,840	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	169,175	81,460	87,705	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	145,715	69,800	75,915	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	138,475	66,315	72,160	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	7,240	3,485	3,760	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	23,455	11,665	11,790	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	7,875	3,685	4,190	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	1,275	440	830	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	1,095	535	560	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	3,530	2,225	1,305	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	880	365	515	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	140	80	65	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	8,665	4,330	4,335	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	207,350	100,115	107,240	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	84,075	42,630	41,445	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	123,275	57,480	65,795	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	107,895	50,505	57,390	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	103,205	48,225	54,980	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	4,685	2,280	2,410	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	15,380	6,975	8,405	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	5,590	2,385	3,200	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	985	330	655	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	910	425	485	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	1,230	720	510	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	700	300	395	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	105	60	45	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	5,870	2,750	3,115	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	337,885	162,335	175,545	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	203,830	103,875	99,955	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	188,215	95,365	92,855	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	15,610	8,510	7,100	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	134,060	58,460	75,595	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	60.3	64.0	56.9	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	55.7	58.7	52.9	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.2	7.1	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	337,880	162,335	175,545	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	125,880	54,725	71,155	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	212,000	107,610	104,390	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	105,140	58,870	46,265	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	106,870	48,735	58,135	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.9	42.3	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	203,830	103,870	99,950	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,320	2,155	2,165	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	199,510	101,720	97,785	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	178,380	88,535	89,845	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	21,130	13,185	7,945	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	203,830	103,870	99,950	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,320	2,155	2,170	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	199,505	101,720	97,785	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	20,820	12,355	8,465	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	25,900	7,345	18,550	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	8,940	7,415	1,525	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	14,205	2,450	11,755	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	21,140	6,985	14,150	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,915	2,205	2,710	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	60,120	24,480	35,640	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	29,355	27,660	1,695	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,090	3,695	1,395	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	9,030	7,130	1,900	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	203,825	103,875	99,955	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,320	2,150	2,170	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	199,510	101,720	97,790	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,875	2,975	1,900	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	470	415	55	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	1,230	935	290	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	14,200	12,755	1,450	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	18,270	14,425	3,850	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	6,570	4,585	1,985	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	24,865	10,785	14,075	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	8,420	5,905	2,515	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	2,550	1,385	1,165	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	5,790	2,205	3,585	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,995	1,600	1,395	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,225	4,955	4,270	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	155	50	100	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,050	6,235	4,810	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	14,615	4,710	9,905	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	23,355	3,715	19,645	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	8,705	4,685	4,025	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	23,650	9,665	13,990	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,985	4,300	4,685	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	9,530	5,435	4,095	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	188,215	95,365	92,855	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	12,030	5,885	6,150	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	1,580	935	645	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	20,305	14,930	5,375	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	154,305	73,620	80,685	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	154,305	73,615	80,685	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	76,265	33,110	43,160	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	60,835	29,255	31,575	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,810	11,020	5,785	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	390	225	160	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	174,605	88,545	86,060	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	146,315	75,205	71,105	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	12,230	5,665	6,565	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	4,730	1,755	2,975	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	7,855	3,685	4,170	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	1,540	1,160	375	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	1,930	1,070	860	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	174,605	88,545	86,060	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	65,190	29,370	35,820	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	67,125	33,065	34,060	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	23,950	13,605	10,345	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	7,805	4,920	2,890	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	10,530	7,580	2,950	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	174,605	88,545	86,060	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	12,080	8,655	3,425	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	29,720	19,090	10,635	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40,390	20,985	19,405	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	38,240	14,405	23,835	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20,825	8,320	12,505	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	33,350	17,095	16,255	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	218,710	110,965	107,745	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	217,090	110,330	106,760	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	216,045	109,705	106,340	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	214,605	109,330	105,275	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	1,440	375	1,065	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	1,050	630	420	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,045	625	420	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	25	10	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	15	10	10	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	15	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	20	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	40	20	25	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	0	0	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	495	335	155	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	0	0	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	10	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	75	40	35	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	80	40	40	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	20	15	0	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	15	0	10	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	20	10	10	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	10	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	70	60	10	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	10	0	0	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	70	55	15	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	0	0	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	35	30	10	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	25	25	10	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	0	0	0	530	275	245
Gujarati	0	10	0	880	300	585
Hindi	0	0	0	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	0	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	0	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	0	0	0	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	10	10	0	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	10	0	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	300	200	100	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	30	10	20	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	0	0	0	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	0	0	0	745	365	380
Spanish	270	185	85	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	40	15	25	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	50	25	30	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	350	200	150	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	350	195	155	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	70	55	20	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	265	140	120	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	675	270	405
Lao	10	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	10	0	10	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	0	0	0	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	10	10	0	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	1,620	635	985	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	795	255	540	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	780	375	410	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	0	0	0	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	45	10	35	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	218,710	110,965	107,750	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	210,865	107,625	103,240	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	1,395	495	895	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	3,270	1,325	1,940	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	3,020	1,465	1,560	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	10	0	10	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	3,010	1,465	1,550	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	0	0	0	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	10	0	0	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	160	50	110	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	393,265	190,625	202,645	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	343,685	166,240	177,440	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	49,585	24,385	25,195	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	26,400	12,775	13,620	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	23,185	11,610	11,575	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	20,945	10,460	10,480	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	19,385	9,670	9,720	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	1,555	795	760	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	2,240	1,140	1,100	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	378,475	183,230	195,245	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	243,625	118,045	125,580	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	134,850	65,185	69,665	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	69,855	33,545	36,310	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	64,995	31,645	33,350	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	56,910	27,735	29,175	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	52,815	25,665	27,150	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	4,090	2,065	2,020	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	8,090	3,910	4,175	1,381,460	682,625	698,835