Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Catharines - Niagara [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	St. Catharines - Niagara Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , St. Catharines - Niagara [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : St. Catharines - Niagara [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	406,074	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	392,184	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.5	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	180,606	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	168,485	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	290.6	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,397.49	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	406,075	196,310	209,765	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	59,115	30,265	28,855	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	18,360	9,405	8,955	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	19,995	10,180	9,815	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	20,765	10,680	10,085	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	258,550	126,325	132,225	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	23,145	11,785	11,360	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	25,755	12,940	12,810	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	23,015	11,665	11,350	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	21,760	10,655	11,105	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	21,440	10,360	11,080	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	23,385	11,230	12,155	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	26,360	12,755	13,610	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	31,945	15,500	16,445	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	31,830	15,285	16,545	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	29,915	14,150	15,765	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	88,405	39,720	48,685	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	27,635	13,225	14,420	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	20,840	9,995	10,845	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	15,145	6,995	8,150	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	11,695	4,955	6,735	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	13,090	4,555	8,540	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	8,175	3,155	5,025	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	3,895	1,175	2,715	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	910	215	700	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	110	10	100	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.4	13.8	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	63.7	64.3	63.0	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	21.8	20.2	23.2	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	3.2	2.3	4.1	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	44.1	42.9	45.2	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	46.0	44.7	47.3	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	112,405	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	9,860	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	45,940	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	9,115	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	10,735	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,175	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	19,275	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	635	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	285	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	168,485	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	48,300	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	62,155	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	25,225	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	21,205	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	11,600	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	396,870	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	346,955	166,045	180,905	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	195,565	97,845	97,725	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	165,195	82,690	82,505	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	30,370	15,155	15,215	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	151,390	68,205	83,185	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	89,620	48,100	41,520	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	12,605	5,440	7,160	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	23,465	9,395	14,065	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	25,705	5,265	20,440	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	116,975	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	64,460	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	24,200	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	19,940	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	8,380	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	116,975	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	95,515	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	80,335	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	15,180	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	21,460	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	17,120	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	4,335	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	95,515	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	51,070	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	44,440	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	18,305	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	18,305	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	7,835	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	21,460	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	13,385	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	5,895	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	2,175	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	70,630	32,130	38,500	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	111,480	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	48,800	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	62,680	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	2,710	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	54,295	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	48,295	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5,995	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	399,565	193,960	205,605	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	364,650	178,910	185,740	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	400	160	240	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	31,730	13,740	17,990	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	2,780	1,145	1,635	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	399,565	193,960	205,605	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	384,230	187,135	197,095	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	11,510	5,205	6,300	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	1,115	510	610	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	2,710	1,110	1,600	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	12,070	5,460	6,605	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	3.0	2.8	3.2	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	399,565	193,960	205,605	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	393,560	191,155	202,410	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	337,345	164,655	172,690	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	325,290	159,170	166,115	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	12,055	5,485	6,570	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	56,215	26,495	29,715	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	65	25	40	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	35	15	20	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	85	40	45
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	55	25	30
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	355	135	225
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	90	40	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	15	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	0	0	0	65	30	35
Ojibway	25	10	15	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dene	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	25	10	15	710	300	410
Cayuga	5	5	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	20	5	15	590	255	335
Oneida	0	0	0	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	5	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	56,150	26,465	29,680	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,765	1,430	1,335	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	5	5	0	725	405	320
Kabyle	0	0	0	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	170	75	90	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	0	0	0	250	140	110
Oromo	5	5	5	1,445	720	730
Somali	160	70	90	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	225	115	110
Semitic languages	2,585	1,355	1,230	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	50	20	30	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	2,245	1,170	1,075	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	0	0	0	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	60	40	25	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	120	65	55	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	45	25	20	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	915	420	490	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	180	75	105	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	730	345	385	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	2,155	785	1,375	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	10	5	5	595	260	330
Cebuano	85	25	60	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	0	0	0	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	30	10	15	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	90	40	50	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	0	0	0	100	45	55
Malay	40	15	25	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	5	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	10	5	0	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,870	680	1,190	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	230	120	110	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	30	20	15	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	165	85	85	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	465	245	220	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	15	10	5	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	280	155	130	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	130	70	65	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	35	15	20	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	40,300	19,180	21,120	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	165	75	85	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	215	95	120	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	10,220	4,595	5,625	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	240	95	140	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	115	40	70	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	125	55	70	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	9,985	4,505	5,480	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	10	5	10	515	230	280
Bosnian	195	105	90	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	320	150	170	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	845	400	440	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	305	145	155	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	95	50	45	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	3,445	1,480	1,965	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	1,100	475	625	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	1,310	655	655	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	120	55	65	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	400	180	220	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	330	135	195	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	1,490	645	840	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	35	20	10	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	15	5	5	450	210	240
Welsh	10	10	5	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	225	120	110
Germanic languages	9,370	4,365	5,000	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	120	50	60	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	145	65	80	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	3,200	1,530	1,675	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	65	30	30	1,240	630	620
German	5,675	2,620	3,055	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	5	0	0	210	100	110
Norwegian	25	10	15	940	405	540
Swedish	75	25	45	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	15	25	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	15	10	5	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	170	80	85
Greek	700	350	355	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	3,695	1,900	1,795	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	2,985	1,540	1,445	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	165	90	80	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	585	305	275	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	445	255	190	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	5	5	0	345	170	175
Konkani	5	0	0	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	50	25	20	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	45	25	20	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	5	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	625	290	335	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	30	20	10	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	80	45	35	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	945	485	465	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	675	345	330	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	210	100	105	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	45	25	20	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	415	220	200	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	15,895	7,770	8,135	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	5	5	0	285	150	135
Italian	10,185	4,960	5,225	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	860	410	445	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	400	190	205	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	4,435	2,190	2,245	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	420	200	215
Japanese	325	100	220	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	1,200	635	565
Georgian	10	5	5	1,200	635	565
Korean	1,260	595	665	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	405	180	220
Mongolian	0	0	0	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	535	260	275	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	75	45	35	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	0	0	0	140	60	80
Edo	5	5	5	1,140	475	670
Ewe	5	5	0	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	5	365	180	185
Ga	0	0	0	600	275	325
Ganda	5	5	5	760	360	400
Igbo	15	10	10	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	10	5	5	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	10	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	10	1,330	545	785
Shona	120	50	70	1,455	660	790
Swahili	100	45	55	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	0	0	5	290	145	150
Yoruba	55	35	20	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	10	1,610	810	800
Dinka	0	0	0	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	80	45	40	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	40	20	20	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	20	15	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,580	2,095	2,485	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	4,550	2,080	2,470	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	1,215	575	650	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	20	5	5	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	2,890	1,295	1,595	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	5	0	0	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	90	40	50	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	45	15	30	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	280	140	140	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	15	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	5	0	5	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	5	5	5	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	20	5	10	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	330	145	180	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	255	125	130	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	75	20	55	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkic languages	345	195	150	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	300	170	130	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	15	5	5	515	255	260
Uzbek	10	5	5	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	640	295	345
Uralic languages	1,825	825	1,000	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	120	50	70	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	130	60	70	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	1,575	715	860	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	6,005	2,810	3,200	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	1,665	765	905	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	4,020	1,895	2,125	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	175	75	100	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	135	70	70	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	399,565	193,960	205,605	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	388,540	188,910	199,630	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	367,030	178,855	188,180	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	363,590	177,375	186,215	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	3,445	1,480	1,965	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	21,505	10,055	11,450	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	10	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,500	10,055	11,445	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,420	695	730	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	0	0	5	345	175	170
Kabyle	0	0	0	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	110	50	65	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	0	0	0	170	80	85
Oromo	0	0	5	805	380	425
Somali	105	50	60	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	110	50	65
Semitic languages	1,305	640	665	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	10	5	5	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	1,205	585	620	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	0	0	0	555	250	305
Hebrew	20	15	10	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	15	5	0	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	25	15	10	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	550	255	290	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	35	45	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	465	220	250	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	850	370	475	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	0	0	0	90	35	55
Cebuano	30	15	15	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	10	0	5	910	385	530
Ilocano	35	20	15	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malay	5	5	5	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	445	200	250
Pangasinan	5	5	0	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	755	330	425	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	380	175	200
Creole languages	135	65	70	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	25	15	15	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	95	40	55	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	170	85	90	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	0	5	0	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	120	60	65	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	40	20	20	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	5	0	0	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	13,160	6,120	7,040	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	75	40	40	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	75	30	40	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	3,845	1,775	2,070	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	45	15	35	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	20	5	10	860	350	515
Lithuanian	30	10	20	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	3,800	1,760	2,040	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	5	5	0	175	80	90
Bosnian	125	65	60	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	165	80	90	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	250	105	140	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	65	30	40	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	40	25	20	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	1,285	580	710	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	620	300	320	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	710	345	365	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	20	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	80	40	45	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	70	30	40	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	325	140	185	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	355	160	190
Celtic languages	5	0	5	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	60	30	25
Welsh	0	0	0	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	35	20	15
Germanic languages	1,140	545	600	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	50	25	25	755	365	390
Danish	10	5	5	280	135	150
Dutch	115	50	70	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	5	5	5	90	45	45
German	945	455	495	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Swedish	10	5	5	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	145	60	85
Yiddish	0	0	0	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	655	315	340
Greek	235	115	125	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	1,930	965	970	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	1,595	805	790	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	90	45	40	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	360	190	170	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	215	125	95	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	0	0	0	65	30	35
Konkani	0	0	0	540	260	280
Marathi	20	10	5	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	35	20	20	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	325	150	180	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	15	10	10	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	15	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	505	250	255	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	335	160	175	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	115	55	65	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	15	10	10	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	195	95	105	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	5,845	2,650	3,195	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	0	0	0	135	60	75
Italian	2,825	1,140	1,685	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	280	125	150	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	170	85	85	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	2,565	1,300	1,270	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	110	50	60
Japanese	150	70	75	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	770	420	355
Georgian	0	0	0	775	420	355
Korean	925	440	485	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	225	115	110
Mongolian	0	0	0	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	130	55	75	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	5	0	5	305	120	180
Ewe	0	0	0	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Ga	0	0	0	175	80	100
Ganda	0	0	0	195	85	110
Igbo	0	0	0	540	265	275
Lingala	0	0	0	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	420	160	260
Shona	40	15	20	455	210	245
Swahili	45	15	25	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	0	0	0	130	65	65
Yoruba	10	5	5	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	550	260	290
Dinka	0	0	0	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	425	195	225
Sign languages	105	50	50	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	35	20	15	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	35	35	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,150	1,490	1,660	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	3,130	1,480	1,645	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	740	350	390	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	5	0	0	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	2,155	1,005	1,145	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	0	0	0	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	20	20	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	15	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	175	95	80	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	0	0	0	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	5	5	0	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	15	5	5	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	165	75	90	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	145	70	75	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	20	10	10	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	175	95	75	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	10	10	5	770	385	380
Turkish	150	80	70	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	5	0	0	290	150	140
Uzbek	5	5	0	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	130	120
Uralic languages	425	190	240	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	10	5	5	790	290	500
Finnish	20	10	5	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	395	170	225	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	465	245	225
Multiple responses	11,025	5,050	5,970	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	1,060	430	630	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	9,700	4,505	5,195	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	70	30	35	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	195	85	115	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	399,565	193,960	205,605	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	363,530	177,370	186,165	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	11,235	5,300	5,935	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	6,545	2,795	3,755	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	17,755	8,275	9,480	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	110	50	55	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	17,645	8,220	9,425	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	85	40	45	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	155	80	80	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	255	110	145	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	337,885	162,355	175,530	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	326,725	157,230	169,495	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,981	37,659	26,119	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	326,835	157,240	169,600	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,521	34,064	24,430	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	289,730	142,350	147,385	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,765	34,832	22,209	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	249,770	112,530	137,235	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,369	6,947	7,568	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	230,445	118,895	111,545	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,837	32,640	24,320	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	337,885	162,340	175,545	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	326,830	157,235	169,590	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,013	48,225	34,326	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	326,950	157,250	169,700	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,933	40,332	29,930	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	289,750	142,040	147,715	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,851	46,754	31,252	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	250,210	112,870	137,340	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,580	8,345	8,774	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	230,440	118,780	111,660	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,900	43,377	32,074	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	337,885	162,335	175,550	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	102,590	57,260	45,330	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	48,616	54,342	42,654	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	57,607	63,996	49,537	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	84.1	87.8	79.2	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	65.3	68.3	61.3	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	15.9	12.2	20.8	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	337,880	162,355	175,530	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	11,160	5,125	6,035	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	326,725	157,235	169,490	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.8	96.6	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	44,440	18,765	25,680	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	61,685	23,625	38,055	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	52,755	20,925	31,835	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	42,190	19,865	22,330	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	34,620	17,440	17,175	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	25,415	14,190	11,225	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	17,560	10,665	6,890	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	12,270	7,760	4,510	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	9,195	5,930	3,265	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	8,050	4,790	3,260	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	18,545	13,285	5,265	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	13,285	9,285	4,000	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	5,265	4,000	1,265	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	337,885	162,355	175,530	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	11,045	5,115	5,935	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	326,840	157,240	169,600	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.8	96.6	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	46,060	19,060	27,000	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	64,560	24,815	39,745	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	60,755	24,820	35,935	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	48,640	23,880	24,765	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	37,545	20,085	17,460	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	23,450	14,130	9,320	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	15,325	9,885	5,440	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	11,535	7,205	4,330	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	18,955	13,355	5,605	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	7,040	4,535	2,505	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	3,770	2,730	1,040	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	8,145	6,090	2,055	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	337,885	162,360	175,530	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	107,440	43,460	63,985	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	230,440	118,900	111,545	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	68.2	73.2	63.5	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	38,930	21,015	17,920	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	20,155	8,795	11,360	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	33,715	14,460	19,255	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	28,285	12,165	16,120	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	24,420	11,095	13,320	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	21,305	10,315	10,990	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	16,305	9,400	6,905	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	11,310	7,150	4,165	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	8,475	5,530	2,940	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	27,545	18,970	8,575	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	6,950	4,515	2,430	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	6,970	4,035	2,935	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	13,625	10,420	3,210	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,001	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,572	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	48,295	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,749	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,197	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	120,185	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,961	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,255	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,556	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,788	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	48,240	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,496	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,742	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	120,250	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,224	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,044	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	2,255	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,165	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,255	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	7,010	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,410	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,560	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	8,150	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	8,295	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	8,260	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	8,035	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	14,710	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	13,085	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	11,725	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10,290	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	8,955	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	44,325	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	16,410	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10,415	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10,415	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	7,090	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	2,375	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,230	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,305	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	7,385	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	9,405	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	8,555	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	9,220	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,615	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,670	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	9,200	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	16,795	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,920	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	12,905	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10,605	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	8,690	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	31,610	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	14,375	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	7,890	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	9,345	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	115,775	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,272	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,456	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	47,705	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,433	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,528	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	45,005	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,132	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,672	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20,000	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,922	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,005	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	115,705	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,744	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,366	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	47,545	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,445	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,490	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	45,085	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,130	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,495	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	19,930	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,016	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,777	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	62,585	28,810	33,780	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,442	30,850	27,081	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	26,465	28,121	25,491	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	62,575	28,765	33,815	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,172	39,719	35,006	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	32,072	33,615	30,760	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	396,865	192,540	204,320	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	214,745	100,810	113,935	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	40,715	19,225	21,495	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	43,855	19,175	24,685	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	44,440	20,595	23,845	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	42,735	20,645	22,095	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	42,985	21,170	21,815	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	182,125	91,735	90,390	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	41,375	20,550	20,825	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	40,000	20,015	19,985	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	37,555	18,950	18,610	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	35,695	18,175	17,515	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	27,495	14,040	13,455	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	396,870	192,545	204,320	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	72,445	37,080	35,365	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	22,115	11,350	10,765	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	242,530	117,810	124,720	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	81,890	37,650	44,240	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	60,760	27,430	33,325	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	14,955	7,705	7,245	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	5,075	2,615	2,460	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	36,695	16,600	20,100	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	9,105	3,125	5,980	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.2	16.3	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	20.6	20.8	20.5	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	22.9	23.0	22.9	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	15.1	14.1	16.1	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	11.1	8.3	13.5	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30,760	14,800	15,960	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	6,435	3,315	3,125	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	2,170	1,085	1,085	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	22,645	10,820	11,830	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	1,680	670	1,010	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.8	7.7	7.8	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	8.9	8.8	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	9.6	10.1	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.2	9.5	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.8	2.3	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	396,865	192,545	204,325	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	394,175	191,435	202,735	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	393,810	191,295	202,515	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	31,995	13,880	18,115	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	69,085	32,705	36,380	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	145	70	70	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	50	30	25	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moose Cree	10	10	0	145	70	75
Naskapi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	65	25	45
Plains Cree	0	0	0	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	605	255	350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	180	95	85
Malecite	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	30	20	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	0	0	10	205	95	105
Ojibway	40	25	15	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	10	0	10	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	65	20	40	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	20	10	20	120	35	85
Mohawk	40	10	25	1,625	710	915
Oneida	0	0	0	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	180	65	110
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	20	0	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	68,945	32,635	36,310	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,950	2,020	1,930	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	15	10	0	925	505	415
Kabyle	0	0	0	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	225	130	100	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	0	0	0	355	200	160
Oromo	10	0	10	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	205	120	80	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	370	170	205
Semitic languages	3,750	1,915	1,835	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	45	20	25	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	3,270	1,680	1,600	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	0	0	0	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	190	95	100	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	195	105	95	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	50	25	25	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,095	490	605	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	240	95	145	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	850	395	460	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	2,730	1,020	1,710	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	25	20	10	755	340	425
Cebuano	115	40	75	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	10	0	0	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	85	25	60	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	0	0	0	215	115	100
Malay	65	20	45	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	10	10	0	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,615	970	1,645	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	10	10	10	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	395	190	210	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	55	20	30	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	220	95	125	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	120	70	50	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	565	315	255	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	40	20	20	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	335	190	150	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	180	105	75	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	70	30	35	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	50,020	23,850	26,165	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	185	80	105	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	270	130	140	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	11,345	5,220	6,130	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	250	105	145	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	140	60	80	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	110	45	60	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	11,150	5,140	6,005	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	20	10	10	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	360	165	195	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	315	175	140	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	1,205	595	610	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	365	175	190	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	145	85	60	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	4,100	1,775	2,320	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	1,550	735	820	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	1,685	870	815	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	110	55	55	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	320	135	180	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	320	150	170	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	1,730	745	980	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	55	20	30	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	130	65	65	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	55	30	30	1,480	720	765
Welsh	20	10	10	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	11,115	5,215	5,895	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	205	95	110	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	170	75	95	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	3,635	1,750	1,885	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	95	50	45	1,655	820	835
German	7,010	3,270	3,740	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	0	10	0	285	130	155
Norwegian	70	30	40	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	125	50	75	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	10	30	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	10	0	10	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	25	15	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	895	440	455	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	4,585	2,360	2,225	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	3,720	1,910	1,810	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	245	135	110	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	720	385	335	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	1,570	855	720	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	10	0	0	600	300	300
Konkani	0	0	0	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	80	35	45	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	70	45	25	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	10	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,010	495	520	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	65	25	40	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	120	65	60	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	1,155	565	585	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	870	450	420	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	315	160	155	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	15	10	0	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	570	295	280	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	22,500	10,850	11,650	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	15	15	0	515	275	240
Italian	13,540	6,455	7,085	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	1,295	620	675	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	590	315	270	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	7,760	3,740	4,025	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	60	35	20	1,355	745	605
Japanese	505	210	295	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	15	10	0	1,555	775	780
Georgian	10	10	0	1,555	770	785
Korean	1,320	610	710	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	515	225	285
Mongolian	0	0	0	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	1,015	490	525	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	150	70	80	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	185
Edo	0	0	0	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	0	0	0	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	700	320	375
Ga	20	10	10	1,340	645	695
Ganda	15	0	15	1,225	550	675
Igbo	40	20	20	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	50	35	20	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	15	30	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	160	75	85	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	330	170	165	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	10	10	0	730	355	375
Yoruba	140	70	70	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	140	60	85	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	0	0	0	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	580	270	310	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	315	145	165	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	265	125	140	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,340	2,620	2,720	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	5,320	2,625	2,695	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	1,590	740	850	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	20	10	15	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	3,810	1,875	1,940	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	0	0	0	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	190	95	95	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	70	35	35	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	305	155	150	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	0	25	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	0	0	10	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	20	0	20	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	475	185	290	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	310	130	180	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	190	60	125	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkic languages	390	225	170	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	30	20	10	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	285	155	130	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	55	30	20	700	350	345
Uzbek	20	10	10	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	915	450	465
Uralic languages	2,000	890	1,110	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	100	45	65	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	185	70	110	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	1,715	780	940	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	396,865	192,545	204,325	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	379,760	184,860	194,905	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	70,940	36,440	34,500	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	308,820	148,415	160,405	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	17,105	7,685	9,415	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	396,870	192,545	204,325	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	325,155	158,665	166,490	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	67,195	31,550	35,640	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	35,460	16,740	18,720	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	7,105	3,345	3,760	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	8,510	3,910	4,600	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	11,130	5,200	5,930	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	5,505	2,540	2,965	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	5,625	2,660	2,970	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	4,990	2,360	2,625	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	4,515	2,325	2,195	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	67,190	31,550	35,640	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	8,740	4,345	4,395	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	14,135	7,235	6,900	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	16,640	7,455	9,185	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	23,520	10,550	12,970	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	4,155	1,970	2,190	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	67,195	31,550	35,640	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	12,945	5,700	7,240	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	160	40	115	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	1,150	520	620	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	570	245	325	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	255	125	130	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	165	60	105	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	920	560	355	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	715	360	350	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	155	70	85	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	655	300	355	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	5,735	2,215	3,520	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	2,480	1,215	1,260	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	37,815	18,180	19,635	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	495	230	265	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	1,140	620	520	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	280	115	160	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	2,555	1,140	1,415	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	390	240	145	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	945	455	490	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	385	190	195	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	7,630	3,810	3,825	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	3,085	1,565	1,515	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	2,670	1,145	1,520	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	595	320	275	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	670	350	315	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	525	210	315	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	560	260	295	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	865	370	495	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	11,995	5,755	6,245	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	3,030	1,405	1,625	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	2,855	1,445	1,410	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	85	35	50	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	290	150	140	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	65	30	35	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	185	90	95	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	60	35	30	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	185	90	95	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	150	100	50	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	355	165	195	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	1,475	755	725	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	13,320	6,065	7,250	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	90	40	50	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	140	90	45	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,200	975	1,225	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	275	120	160	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	1,955	930	1,025	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	420	240	180	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	315	150	165	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	230	70	160	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	705	345	360	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	275	150	120	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	725	360	365	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	2,635	1,020	1,615	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	190	100	90	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	265	135	135	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	115	40	75	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	720	305	415	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	2,040	980	1,065	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	260	160	100	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	4,990	2,360	2,630	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	1,325	665	665	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	10	0	15	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	180	75	100	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	65	40	30	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	55	15	40	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	175	110	65	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	150	90	60	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	420	195	225	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	90	45	40	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	180	90	85	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	685	320	365	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	0	0	0	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	65	25	35	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	15	0	10	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	10	0	10	880	400	480
Romania	70	40	30	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	10	0	10	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	35	10	25	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	185	100	80	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	300	135	165	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	455	230	225	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	0	0	0	415	180	240
Cameroon	0	0	0	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	15	0	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	605	245	360
Egypt	55	35	25	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	0	0	0	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	15	10	10	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	15	10	10	655	275	375
Nigeria	20	10	0	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	35	25	10	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	50	25	30	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	0	0	0	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	230	105	125	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	2,480	1,110	1,370	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	0	0	0	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	10	10	10	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	540	235	305	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	10	0	10	1,985	800	1,190
India	395	190	205	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	85	40	40	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	50	20	30	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	0	0	0	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	35	10	20	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	95	65	30	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	10	10	0	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	40	30	15	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	180	75	100	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	640	265	370	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	35	20	10	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	35	15	15	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	100	40	60	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	10	0	10	1,015	435	580
Turkey	15	15	0	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	45	15	25	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	30	10	20	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	130	35	90	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	40	40	10	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	30	25	0	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	15	10	10	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	396,865	192,545	204,325	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	73,680	34,895	38,790	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	88,870	42,920	45,955	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	234,310	114,730	119,580	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	32,585	15,210	17,380	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	12,785	6,365	6,420	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	5,320	3,360	1,960	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	7,470	3,010	4,460	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	11,615	4,695	6,920	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	7,515	3,805	3,705	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	675	340	335	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	396,865	192,545	204,320	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	11,645	5,355	6,290	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	11,080	5,125	5,955	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	6,810	3,180	3,635	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	4,165	1,890	2,275	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	100	50	50	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	265	110	160	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	300	120	175	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	385,220	187,190	198,030	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	396,865	192,545	204,325	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	3,710	1,675	2,035	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	393,155	190,870	202,290	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	396,870	192,540	204,320	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	1,985	970	1,010	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	1,930	935	995	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	1,425	700	730	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	470	220	250	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	30	15	20	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	60	35	20	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	35	20	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	15,535	7,265	8,270	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	15,100	7,080	8,020	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,205	5,235	5,970	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,810	1,785	2,025	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	60	20	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	435	185	255	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	400	170	230	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	379,345	184,310	195,035	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	396,865	192,540	204,320	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	37,105	18,060	19,050	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	5,785	2,925	2,855	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	5,880	2,870	3,015	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	7,705	3,885	3,815	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	3,740	1,565	2,175	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	4,430	2,115	2,320	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	2,545	1,315	1,225	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	1,905	815	1,085	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	780	370	410	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	1,405	680	725	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	650	290	360	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	605	320	280	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	1,690	895	790	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	359,760	174,490	185,275	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	396,865	192,545	204,325	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	17,520	8,235	9,285	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	13,115	6,155	6,960	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	145	85	60	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	4,755	2,215	2,545	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	117,610	56,915	60,695	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	435	230	205	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	6,400	2,965	3,430	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	112,805	54,760	58,045	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	355	190	165	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	45	15	30	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	50	10	40	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	235	100	140	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	30	20	15	675	375	300
European origins	311,380	150,000	161,380	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	189,465	90,495	98,970	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	65	40	25	1,120	530	590
Cornish	20	15	10	755	370	385
English	111,765	53,095	58,670	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	70,675	32,830	37,850	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	95	45	50	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	77,500	36,805	40,695	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	8,145	3,950	4,195	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	11,155	5,200	5,960	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	52,210	24,625	27,590	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	45	25	20	1,235	495	740
Breton	0	0	0	290	175	120
Corsican	10	10	0	205	125	85
French	52,170	24,600	27,570	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	83,855	40,665	43,190	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	2,455	1,115	1,345	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	20	0	15	450	225	230
Belgian	1,450	700	750	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	29,180	14,240	14,940	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	90	40	50	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	195	95	105	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	55,915	27,065	28,850	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	20	10	15	915	500	415
Swiss	1,515	675	835	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	10	0	10	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,545	3,390	4,155	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	1,765	870	890	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	1,660	740	920	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	390	175	215	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	1,620	710	905	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	2,245	895	1,350	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	325	165	160	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	58,965	28,335	30,630	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	660	355	305	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	185	80	100	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	1,315	645	665	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	625	275	350	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	415	185	230	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	11,490	5,530	5,965	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	640	330	310	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	915	455	460	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	80	40	45	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	20,815	9,705	11,110	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	2,670	1,340	1,325	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	6,325	3,120	3,205	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	2,120	1,040	1,080	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	20,700	9,980	10,725	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	125	45	80	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	65,850	32,825	33,025	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	235	105	135	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	595	285	310	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	25	15	10	285	180	110
Croatian	3,230	1,670	1,560	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	50	20	35	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	2,505	1,265	1,235	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	49,345	24,550	24,795	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	15	0	10	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	430	275	160	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	1,030	495	535	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	65	35	30	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	2,650	1,415	1,240	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	2,370	1,205	1,170	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	140	65	70	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	1,230	635	590	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	3,815	1,625	2,185	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	900	470	430	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	25	15	10	965	425	540
Other European origins	1,260	660	600	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	20	10	15	1,585	805	780
Jewish	695	375	325	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	40	25	20	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	45	35	10	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	460	220	235	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	5,295	2,620	2,675	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	20	0	20	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	20	10	15	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	625	315	305	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	70	30	40	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	10	10	0	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	340	150	190	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	135	75	55	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	110	55	55	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	70	20	50
Haitian	345	120	225	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	2,510	1,320	1,190	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	35	20	15	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	0	0	0	195	65	125
Montserratan	10	0	10	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	85	50	40	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	30	20	15	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	760	375	390	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	40	20	15	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	405	195	215	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	140	70	65	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	6,135	3,155	2,975	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	285	115	170	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	25	15	10	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	185	90	95	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	15	10	0	810	395	415
Bolivian	15	10	10	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	200	105	95	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	165	65	100	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	1,405	660	750	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	115	65	45	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	120	40	80	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	455	205	250	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	390	190	200	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	150	95	65	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	140	75	65	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	120	60	55	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	1,090	695	395	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	110	55	55	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	40	30	10	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	95	55	40	600	280	320
Peruvian	210	100	110	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	635	320	315	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	70	35	30	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	325	175	155	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	230	125	105	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	5,990	3,000	2,990	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	855	400	460	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	0	0	0	965	540	425
Angolan	25	15	10	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	15	10	0	1,205	620	585
Beninese	0	0	0	555	280	270
Burkinabe	0	0	0	415	190	225
Cameroonian	15	10	10	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	0	0	10	645	320	325
Congolese	135	75	60	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	0	0	0	1,025	545	480
Ewe	0	0	0	180	95	80
Gabonese	0	0	0	170	80	90
Gambian	10	10	0	630	305	330
Ghanaian	155	85	75	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	10	10	0	1,105	550	560
Ibo	10	0	0	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	0	0	0	1,350	600	745
Liberian	30	15	15	770	365	405
Malian	25	10	15	490	250	240
Malinké	10	10	0	345	160	185
Nigerian	310	125	185	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	0	0	0	135	80	55
Senegalese	0	0	0	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	1,175	585	585
Togolese	0	0	0	670	370	300
Wolof	0	0	0	80	45	35
Yoruba	70	30	45	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	110	40	75	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	1,675	850	830	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	65	30	40	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	10	15	0	1,845	985	860
Coptic	35	15	15	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	0	0	0	205	110	95
Egyptian	540	310	240	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	220	115	105	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	0	0	0	290	160	125
Moroccan	85	35	45	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	690	330	355	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	35	20	20	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	70	35	35	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	1,455	725	735	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	0	0	0	560	285	275
Amhara	0	0	0	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	0	0	0	870	455	415
Burundian	40	20	25	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	0	0	10	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	65	30	35	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	105	45	55	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	0	0	0	475	255	215
Kenyan	120	60	55	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	430	200	230
Mauritian	25	15	0	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	0	0	0	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	30	10	15	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	20	15	10	350	140	205
Somali	295	160	135	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	385	200	185	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	45	30	25	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	0	0	0	770	395	375
Ugandan	20	0	15	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	25	15	15	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	180	75	105	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	0	0	0	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	130	60	70	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	2,070	1,065	1,010	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	320	180	140	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	1,760	890	865	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	26,505	12,790	13,720	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	5,625	2,885	2,740	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	115	50	65	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	570	335	230	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	920	460	460	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	90	50	40	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	55	35	25	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	30	10	20	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	0	0	0	680	390	290
Iranian	600	310	290	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	325	150	175	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	110	50	55	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	195	65	125	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	10	0	10	1,325	610	715
Kurd	315	170	140	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	45	25	20	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	15	10	0	340	130	210
Lebanese	1,195	595	600	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	380	195	185	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	0	0	0	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	140	85	55	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	340	170	170	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	0	0	0	1,850	880	970
Tatar	10	0	0	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	535	285	255	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	0	0	0	695	345	355
Uighur	60	35	25	755	385	375
Uzbek	0	0	0	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	70	45	25	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	155	75	75	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	6,175	3,100	3,070	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	60	40	20	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	70	40	30	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	0	0	0	1,450	710	735
East Indian	4,800	2,415	2,385	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	0	0	0	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	25	0	20	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	45	25	25	1,795	900	895
Nepali	70	40	25	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	725	330	400	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	220	100	125	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	20	10	0	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	190	105	80	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	20	10	10	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	235	125	110	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	14,890	6,925	7,970	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	40	30	10	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	385	135	250	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	7,185	3,540	3,640	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	4,000	1,690	2,305	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	0	0	0	650	340	305
Indonesian	115	50	65	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	815	375	440	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	0	0	0	1,645	830	815
Korean	1,470	705	765	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	395	175	225	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	50	15	35	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	30	20	15	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	0	0	10	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	60	25	35	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	230	65	160	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	30	0	25	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	1,235	590	640	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	20	10	20	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	130	60	70	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	130	60	75	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	500	225	275	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	380	170	205	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	75	30	45	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	55	25	25	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	10	10	10	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	15	0	10	470	235	240
Maori	10	10	0	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	10	10	0	275	115	165
Samoan	10	0	0	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	0	0	0	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	122,750	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	45,730	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	168,485	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	10,200	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	158,285	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	415	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	16,955	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	38,925	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	74,460	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	37,740	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	168,485	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	32,070	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	25,075	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	29,690	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	26,795	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	54,860	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	167,355	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,135	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	163,305	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	5,175	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	60,230	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	52,995	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	18,725	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	15,715	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	7,385	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,760	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	6,670	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	157,605	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	10,880	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	168,485	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	100,755	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	64,355	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	3,375	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	168,485	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	4,330	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	18,400	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	23,665	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	32,775	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	35,670	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	29,165	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	17,305	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	7,175	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	167,310	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	124,750	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	42,560	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	38,235	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	121,835	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	56.9	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.8	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,018	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,153	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	266,071	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	309,957	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	45,680	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.8	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	48.5	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	866	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	901	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	337,885	162,335	175,550	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	62,650	30,555	32,100	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	106,060	50,315	55,740	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	169,170	81,465	87,710	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	27,465	19,635	7,835	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	12,910	7,915	4,995	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	14,550	11,715	2,835	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	79,275	33,550	45,725	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,750	2,605	3,145	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	56,685	25,670	31,015	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	38,800	16,820	21,985	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,895	1,790	2,105	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,520	965	560	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	10,900	5,130	5,775	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	1,565	975	590	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	207,355	100,115	107,240	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,605	11,600	10,005	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	62,470	31,030	31,435	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	123,275	57,480	65,795	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,390	12,200	5,185	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	8,395	5,095	3,295	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	8,995	7,100	1,895	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	59,870	25,395	34,475	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,665	1,645	2,025	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	42,350	18,245	24,110	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	29,215	12,390	16,825	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,890	1,255	1,635	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,135	630	500	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	8,045	3,365	4,680	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	1,060	595	465	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	337,880	162,340	175,550	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	168,715	80,875	87,840	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	12,120	3,250	8,875	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	12,120	3,250	8,870	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,905	2,540	3,365	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,015	760	255	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	4,890	1,780	3,110	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	8,545	3,605	4,945	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	910	255	660	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	1,995	650	1,345	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,125	815	1,305	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	65	10	55	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	490	300	185	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,100	680	415	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	1,370	775	595	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	485	110	380	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	18,815	5,970	12,845	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	205	30	175	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,640	725	910	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,865	445	4,420	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	2,185	625	1,560	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	295	60	235	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	3,385	850	2,535	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	6,240	3,225	3,020	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	31,785	11,775	20,010	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	60	20	40	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,160	555	2,610	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	28,560	11,195	17,365	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,870	2,670	2,205	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,010	910	1,095	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,050	545	505	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	50	10	40	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	1,435	1,085	350	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	330	120	215	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,910	2,930	1,980	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,580	2,350	1,230	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	480	45	435	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	815	500	315	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	40	40	0	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	35,715	33,585	2,130	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	810	595	215	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	4,200	3,660	535	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,495	7,680	810	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	7,300	7,175	125	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,530	8,335	195	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	6,385	6,135	245	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,440	2,160	1,280	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,535	1,585	955	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	905	575	325	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	28,650	5,490	23,165	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,000	1,475	1,535	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	25,255	3,780	21,475	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	395	240	155	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	14,385	7,480	6,905	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	7,830	2,450	5,380	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	10	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	50	0	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	4,305	2,970	1,340	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,140	1,965	175	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	25	10	15	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	10	20	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	207,350	100,110	107,240	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	84,075	42,635	41,445	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	7,890	2,015	5,865	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	7,885	2,020	5,865	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,500	1,940	2,565	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	785	585	205	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	3,720	1,355	2,360	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	5,795	2,395	3,395	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	625	165	465	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	1,310	405	905	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,525	585	935	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	45	10	35	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	310	205	100	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	715	450	260	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	945	505	430	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	320	70	245	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	14,750	4,360	10,395	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	150	30	115	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,360	600	765	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,950	345	3,610	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	1,795	435	1,355	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	220	40	185	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	2,505	600	1,905	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	4,770	2,310	2,460	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	23,840	8,610	15,230	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	15	30	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,510	410	2,100	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	21,285	8,185	13,100	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,425	1,745	1,680	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,500	660	840	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	755	375	380	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	55	10	35	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	880	615	265	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	245	85	160	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,960	2,380	1,580	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,005	1,985	1,020	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	360	35	325	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	565	335	230	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	25	25	0	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	24,355	22,685	1,670	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	610	440	170	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	2,895	2,465	435	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	6,145	5,525	625	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	4,830	4,710	115	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,725	5,575	155	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	4,145	3,970	175	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,655	1,615	1,040	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,960	1,160	800	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	690	450	240	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	21,420	4,130	17,290	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,340	1,125	1,215	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	18,800	2,855	15,950	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	275	150	120	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	10,670	5,605	5,060	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	5,685	1,855	3,825	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	40	0	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	3,275	2,185	1,090	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,640	1,505	135	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	15	0	20	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	20	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	337,885	162,335	175,550	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	168,710	80,870	87,840	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	169,175	81,460	87,705	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	145,715	69,800	75,915	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	138,475	66,315	72,160	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	7,240	3,485	3,760	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	23,455	11,665	11,790	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	7,875	3,685	4,190	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	1,275	440	830	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	1,095	535	560	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	3,530	2,225	1,305	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	880	365	515	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	140	80	65	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	8,665	4,330	4,335	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	207,350	100,115	107,240	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	84,075	42,630	41,445	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	123,275	57,480	65,795	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	107,895	50,505	57,390	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	103,205	48,225	54,980	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	4,685	2,280	2,410	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	15,380	6,975	8,405	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	5,590	2,385	3,200	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	985	330	655	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	910	425	485	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	1,230	720	510	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	700	300	395	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	105	60	45	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	5,870	2,750	3,115	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	337,885	162,335	175,545	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	203,830	103,875	99,955	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	188,215	95,365	92,855	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	15,610	8,510	7,100	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	134,060	58,460	75,595	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	60.3	64.0	56.9	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	55.7	58.7	52.9	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.2	7.1	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	337,880	162,335	175,545	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	125,880	54,725	71,155	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	212,000	107,610	104,390	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	105,140	58,870	46,265	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	106,870	48,735	58,135	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.9	42.3	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	203,830	103,870	99,950	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,320	2,155	2,165	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	199,510	101,720	97,785	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	178,380	88,535	89,845	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	21,130	13,185	7,945	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	203,830	103,870	99,950	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,320	2,155	2,170	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	199,505	101,720	97,785	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	20,820	12,355	8,465	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	25,900	7,345	18,550	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	8,940	7,415	1,525	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	14,205	2,450	11,755	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	21,140	6,985	14,150	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,915	2,205	2,710	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	60,120	24,480	35,640	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	29,355	27,660	1,695	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,090	3,695	1,395	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	9,030	7,130	1,900	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	203,825	103,875	99,955	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,320	2,150	2,170	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	199,510	101,720	97,790	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,875	2,975	1,900	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	470	415	55	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	1,230	935	290	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	14,200	12,755	1,450	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	18,270	14,425	3,850	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	6,570	4,585	1,985	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	24,865	10,785	14,075	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	8,420	5,905	2,515	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	2,550	1,385	1,165	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	5,790	2,205	3,585	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,995	1,600	1,395	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,225	4,955	4,270	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	155	50	100	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,050	6,235	4,810	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	14,615	4,710	9,905	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	23,355	3,715	19,645	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	8,705	4,685	4,025	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	23,650	9,665	13,990	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,985	4,300	4,685	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	9,530	5,435	4,095	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	188,215	95,365	92,855	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	12,030	5,885	6,150	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	1,580	935	645	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	20,305	14,930	5,375	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	154,305	73,620	80,685	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	154,305	73,615	80,685	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	76,265	33,110	43,160	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	60,835	29,255	31,575	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,810	11,020	5,785	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	390	225	160	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	174,605	88,545	86,060	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	146,315	75,205	71,105	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	12,230	5,665	6,565	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	4,730	1,755	2,975	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	7,855	3,685	4,170	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	1,540	1,160	375	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	1,930	1,070	860	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	174,605	88,545	86,060	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	65,190	29,370	35,820	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	67,125	33,065	34,060	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	23,950	13,605	10,345	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	7,805	4,920	2,890	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	10,530	7,580	2,950	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	174,605	88,545	86,060	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	12,080	8,655	3,425	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	29,720	19,090	10,635	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40,390	20,985	19,405	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	38,240	14,405	23,835	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20,825	8,320	12,505	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	33,350	17,095	16,255	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	218,710	110,965	107,745	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	217,090	110,330	106,760	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	216,045	109,705	106,340	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	214,605	109,330	105,275	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	1,440	375	1,065	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	1,050	630	420	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,045	625	420	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	25	10	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	0	0	0	75	30	45
Arabic	15	10	10	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	15	0	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	395	140	260
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	20	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	95	50	50
Vietnamese	40	20	25	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	75	45	30
Tamil	0	0	0	1,870	900	975
Telugu	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	495	335	155	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	0	0	0	275	170	105
Armenian	0	10	0	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	75	40	35	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages	80	40	40	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	100	55	40
Bulgarian	0	0	0	120	85	40
Croatian	0	0	0	155	100	50
Czech	0	0	0	25	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Polish	20	15	0	1,925	960	960
Russian	15	0	10	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	20	10	10	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	10	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	70	60	10	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Dutch	10	0	0	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	70	55	15	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	0	0	0	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	0	0	0	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	35	30	10	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	25	25	10	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	0	0	0	335	160	170
Gujarati	0	10	0	730	255	475
Hindi	0	0	0	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	30	10	20
Nepali	0	0	0	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	0	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Urdu	0	0	0	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	10	10	0	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	10	0	0	105	95	15
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	300	200	100	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	30	10	20	945	505	445
Portuguese	0	0	0	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	0	0	0	300	140	160
Spanish	270	185	85	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	40	15	25	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	50	25	30	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	15
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	810	295	515
American Sign Language	0	0	0	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	350	200	150	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	350	195	155	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	70	55	20	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mandarin	265	140	120	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	235	95	145
Lao	10	0	0	80	40	35
Thai	10	0	10	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	0	0	0	440	295	140
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	420	205	220
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Finnish	0	0	0	75	25	50
Hungarian	10	10	0	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple responses	1,620	635	985	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	795	255	540	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	780	375	410	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	0	0	0	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	45	10	35	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	218,710	110,965	107,750	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	210,865	107,625	103,240	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	1,395	495	895	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	3,270	1,325	1,940	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	3,020	1,465	1,560	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	10	0	10	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	3,010	1,465	1,550	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	0	0	0	245	100	150
English and non-official language	10	0	0	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	160	50	110	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	393,265	190,625	202,645	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	343,685	166,240	177,440	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	49,585	24,385	25,195	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	26,400	12,775	13,620	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	23,185	11,610	11,575	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	20,945	10,460	10,480	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	19,385	9,670	9,720	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	1,555	795	760	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	2,240	1,140	1,100	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	378,475	183,230	195,245	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	243,625	118,045	125,580	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	134,850	65,185	69,665	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	69,855	33,545	36,310	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	64,995	31,645	33,350	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	56,910	27,735	29,175	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	52,815	25,665	27,150	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	4,090	2,065	2,020	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	8,090	3,910	4,175	549,965	271,080	278,885