Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Quebec [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Quebec [Province]
	Data quality , Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Quebec [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	523,894	...	...	8,164,361	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	496,383 r	...	...	7,903,001	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.5	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	210,896	...	...	3,858,943	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	200,495	...	...	3,531,663	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	480.1	...	...	6.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,091.16	...	...	1,356,625.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	523,890	258,575	265,320	8,164,360	4,016,760	4,147,605
0 to 14 years	92,390	47,215	45,180	1,333,260	682,535	650,720
0 to 4 years	29,445	15,060	14,385	444,930	227,965	216,970
5 to 9 years	31,695	16,250	15,440	469,165	240,225	228,940
10 to 14 years	31,250	15,895	15,350	419,160	214,345	204,815
15 to 64 years	355,650	177,120	178,525	5,335,910	2,664,630	2,671,280
15 to 19 years	32,675	16,740	15,930	429,825	219,070	210,755
20 to 24 years	38,980	20,320	18,660	500,100	252,600	247,500
25 to 29 years	36,935	18,645	18,285	495,410	248,030	247,380
30 to 34 years	36,050	17,875	18,170	515,505	256,440	259,070
35 to 39 years	34,440	16,960	17,480	550,540	274,595	275,945
40 to 44 years	35,085	17,210	17,875	506,525	254,100	252,425
45 to 49 years	36,655	18,045	18,610	519,425	260,410	259,015
50 to 54 years	39,435	19,460	19,985	619,435	309,070	310,370
55 to 59 years	35,635	17,555	18,080	636,475	314,190	322,285
60 to 64 years	29,760	14,310	15,445	562,670	276,140	286,535
65 years and over	75,860	34,245	41,615	1,495,195	669,590	825,605
65 to 69 years	24,950	11,925	13,020	488,175	236,395	251,775
70 to 74 years	17,865	8,325	9,540	373,590	176,905	196,690
75 to 79 years	13,190	6,120	7,065	256,905	116,020	140,890
80 to 84 years	9,725	4,195	5,535	187,835	78,390	109,450
85 years and over	10,130	3,675	6,450	188,685	61,885	126,805
85 to 89 years	6,430	2,425	4,005	120,635	43,795	76,840
90 to 94 years	3,005	1,105	1,905	53,165	15,155	38,015
95 to 99 years	605	140	470	13,035	2,685	10,350
100 years and over	85	10	75	1,850	255	1,600
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.3	17.0	16.3	17.0	15.7
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.5	67.3	65.4	66.3	64.4
65 years and over	14.5	13.2	15.7	18.3	16.7	19.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.3	1.5	3.1
Average age of the population	39.2	38.3	40.1	41.9	40.9	42.9
Median age of the population	38.6	37.5	39.7	42.5	41.4	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	200,495	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Single-detached house	110,670	...	...	1,602,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	21,970	...	...	187,800	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	67,655	...	...	1,717,680	...	...
Semi-detached house	12,585	...	...	188,245	...	...
Row house	22,595	...	...	93,350	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,930	...	...	265,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	26,240	...	...	1,154,955	...	...
Other single-attached house	300	...	...	15,940	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	200	...	...	23,505	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 person	49,295	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
2 persons	66,685	...	...	1,227,765	...	...
3 persons	33,235	...	...	489,460	...	...
4 persons	32,605	...	...	426,250	...	...
5 or more persons	18,685	...	...	212,960	...	...
Number of persons in private households	516,085	...	...	7,965,455	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	431,505	211,365	220,140	6,831,105	3,334,220	3,496,885
Married or living common law	251,105	125,415	125,690	3,844,145	1,924,750	1,919,395
Married	213,080	106,435	106,640	2,342,980	1,172,720	1,170,260
Living common law	38,020	18,975	19,045	1,501,160	752,025	749,135
Not married and not living common law	180,400	85,945	94,450	2,986,960	1,409,475	1,577,490
Never married	121,585	66,460	55,125	2,010,580	1,084,300	926,280
Separated	13,065	5,555	7,510	103,625	46,390	57,240
Divorced	24,180	9,375	14,805	483,195	194,430	288,760
Widowed	21,570	4,560	17,010	389,555	84,345	305,210
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	146,925	...	...	2,257,560	...	...
2 persons	69,480	...	...	1,204,955	...	...
3 persons	32,505	...	...	466,310	...	...
4 persons	31,515	...	...	412,160	...	...
5 or more persons	13,425	...	...	174,140	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	146,925	...	...	2,257,560	...	...
Total couple families	123,105	...	...	1,878,095	...	...
Married couples	104,105	...	...	1,128,355	...	...
Common-law couples	19,000	...	...	749,740	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	23,820	...	...	379,460	...	...
Female parent	18,995	...	...	284,900	...	...
Male parent	4,825	...	...	94,565	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	123,105	...	...	1,878,095	...	...
Couples without children	55,490	...	...	970,260	...	...
Couples with children	67,615	...	...	907,840	...	...
1 child	25,335	...	...	356,640	...	...
2 children	29,520	...	...	384,875	...	...
3 or more children	12,755	...	...	166,315	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	23,820	...	...	379,465	...	...
1 child	13,990	...	...	234,695	...	...
2 children	7,170	...	...	109,670	...	...
3 or more children	2,660	...	...	35,100	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	81,440	40,680	40,765	1,579,070	775,765	803,305
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	200,495	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
One-census-family households	138,085	...	...	2,197,340	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	51,930	...	...	947,305	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	86,160	...	...	1,250,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	4,335	...	...	29,595	...	...
Non-census-family households	58,070	...	...	1,304,725	...	...
One-person households	49,290	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	8,780	...	...	129,500	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	518,165	256,330	261,830	8,066,560	3,977,275	4,089,285
English only	474,825	237,815	237,005	372,445	187,595	184,860
French only	210	75	135	4,032,640	1,874,545	2,158,095
English and French	34,260	14,825	19,435	3,586,410	1,884,135	1,702,275
Neither English nor French	8,865	3,615	5,260	75,065	31,000	44,060
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	518,165	256,330	261,835	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285
English	501,105	248,825	252,280	964,120	482,985	481,135
French	5,760	2,715	3,045	6,750,945	3,320,380	3,430,560
English and French	2,585	1,245	1,340	278,710	144,060	134,655
Neither English nor French	8,710	3,545	5,170	72,775	29,845	42,930
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,055	3,340	3,715	1,103,480	555,015	548,465
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.4	1.3	1.4	13.7	14.0	13.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	518,165	256,330	261,835	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285
Single responses	508,150	251,410	256,740	7,881,650	3,884,675	3,996,975
Official languages	388,365	193,010	195,355	6,820,815	3,366,970	3,453,845
English	382,495	190,215	192,280	601,155	301,860	299,300
French	5,870	2,800	3,070	6,219,665	3,065,115	3,154,550
Non-official languages	119,785	58,400	61,390	1,060,830	517,700	543,125
Aboriginal languages	30	10	20	45,570	22,530	23,040
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	33,140	16,365	16,770
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	31,430	15,575	15,855
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,715	4,155	4,555
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	590	285	305
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	135	55	80
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	35	15	15
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	15,790	7,920	7,875
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	485	225	260
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	485	220	260
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	1,215	565	645
Algonquin	5	0	0	1,185	555	630
Ojibway	10	5	5	20	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	15	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	11,970	5,955	6,015
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,895	5,925	5,970
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	25	45
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	375	165	210
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	365	160	210
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	65	30	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	119,760	58,390	61,370	1,015,260	495,175	520,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	9,925	5,030	4,895	197,535	104,185	93,355
Berber languages	25	10	15	20,845	11,125	9,720
Kabyle	20	15	10	12,470	6,625	5,840
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	8,375	4,500	3,875
Cushitic languages	1,210	580	630	1,125	545	580
Bilen	95	50	45	10	10	5
Oromo	85	40	40	15	10	5
Somali	990	465	520	1,075	515	560
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	30	20	10
Semitic languages	8,685	4,435	4,250	175,215	92,310	82,900
Amharic	795	380	415	745	340	405
Arabic	6,560	3,400	3,155	169,890	89,590	80,300
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	285	145	135	150	80	70
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	15	10	5
Harari	15	5	10	0	5	5
Hebrew	115	65	50	3,885	2,040	1,845
Maltese	60	30	30	25	10	15
Tigrigna	780	370	410	385	185	205
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	110	60	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	355	200	155
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,950	1,905	2,045	36,305	17,030	19,275
Khmer (Cambodian)	265	125	140	8,855	4,105	4,750
Vietnamese	3,685	1,780	1,905	27,425	12,920	14,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	2,215	795	1,420	21,635	7,800	13,835
Bikol	10	5	5	115	35	80
Cebuano	110	30	75	885	270	610
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	410	125	275
Ilocano	120	45	75	2,060	745	1,315
Malagasy	5	0	0	1,250	590	660
Malay	170	65	105	705	265	440
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	205	90	110
Pangasinan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,700	605	1,095	15,545	5,480	10,065
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	50	10	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	320	140	180
Creole languages	155	80	75	56,990	25,220	31,770
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	2,220	1,055	1,170
Creole, n.o.s.	80	40	45	53,785	23,675	30,110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	980	490	490
Dravidian languages	1,775	955	820	14,865	7,435	7,430
Kannada	85	45	35	240	130	110
Malayalam	620	325	300	440	235	205
Tamil	735	395	335	13,600	6,715	6,880
Telugu	320	180	140	570	345	230
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	10	5
Hmong-Mien languages	485	230	250	25	10	15
Indo-European languages	80,565	39,360	41,210	553,045	269,625	283,420
Albanian	985	510	475	2,795	1,420	1,370
Armenian	650	320	325	16,430	7,970	8,460
Balto-Slavic languages	18,325	8,815	9,515	68,155	30,960	37,195
Baltic languages	165	85	80	850	335	515
Latvian	85	45	35	290	120	175
Lithuanian	85	40	45	555	215	340
Slavic languages	18,165	8,725	9,430	67,310	30,630	36,675
Belarusan	15	5	10	80	45	35
Bosnian	535	270	260	1,620	805	815
Bulgarian	145	70	75	6,985	3,385	3,600
Croatian	2,085	1,055	1,030	2,330	1,165	1,170
Czech	730	345	390	1,465	690	775
Macedonian	255	120	130	205	105	95
Polish	5,230	2,440	2,785	13,935	6,065	7,865
Russian	1,765	810	955	28,565	12,715	15,850
Serbian	5,065	2,540	2,520	3,140	1,590	1,545
Serbo-Croatian	515	245	270	1,805	865	940
Slovak	575	255	320	1,040	455	585
Slovene (Slovenian)	255	130	125	755	350	405
Ukrainian	780	325	450	5,210	2,285	2,920
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	210	105	110	175	90	85
Celtic languages	25	20	10	155	95	60
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	20	15	10
Welsh	10	10	5	40	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	90	55	30
Germanic languages	14,070	6,590	7,480	27,540	13,280	14,260
Afrikaans	110	55	50	125	60	65
Danish	170	80	90	395	190	200
Dutch	1,885	860	1,025	2,825	1,395	1,430
Frisian	35	20	15	10	10	0
German	11,685	5,480	6,210	13,670	6,340	7,330
Icelandic	5	5	0	65	30	35
Norwegian	30	15	15	200	100	100
Swedish	65	40	30	555	255	300
Vlaams (Flemish)	65	30	30	540	240	300
Yiddish	10	0	5	8,985	4,560	4,420
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	175	100	75
Greek	1,330	660	670	38,635	19,435	19,205
Indo-Iranian languages	19,590	10,120	9,475	76,040	39,205	36,835
Indo-Aryan languages	14,195	7,325	6,875	45,845	23,875	21,970
Bengali	915	495	420	10,995	5,620	5,380
Gujarati	2,775	1,430	1,345	6,070	2,980	3,090
Hindi	1,565	855	715	3,030	1,635	1,390
Kashmiri	5	0	5	20	15	5
Konkani	45	25	20	110	60	55
Marathi	155	75	75	255	145	110
Nepali	255	135	120	1,505	740	765
Oriya (Odia)	25	5	10	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,735	2,395	2,345	12,380	6,720	5,660
Sindhi	235	110	130	330	160	165
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	130	125	645	310	330
Urdu	3,235	1,660	1,575	10,470	5,460	5,010
Iranian languages	5,185	2,695	2,490	29,760	15,105	14,655
Kurdish	635	355	285	985	550	430
Pashto	1,020	535	480	1,285	680	610
Persian (Farsi)	3,535	1,810	1,725	27,490	13,875	13,615
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	210	105	105	440	225	210
Italic (Romance) languages	25,590	12,325	13,265	323,290	157,260	166,030
Catalan	15	10	10	320	170	150
Italian	1,900	1,000	900	104,600	51,705	52,895
Portuguese	9,765	4,660	5,100	36,770	17,735	19,035
Romanian	5,510	2,660	2,850	35,840	17,170	18,665
Spanish	8,400	3,990	4,410	145,635	70,405	75,235
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	125	75	50
Japanese	425	160	260	2,525	775	1,750
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	170	80	85
Georgian	5	0	0	170	80	90
Korean	2,090	1,000	1,090	5,160	2,270	2,890
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	190	75	115
Mongolian	10	5	5	195	80	115
Niger-Congo languages	655	305	350	28,355	14,360	13,995
Akan (Twi)	65	35	30	1,050	520	525
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,200	655	545
Edo	10	5	10	75	45	30
Ewe	20	15	5	730	400	325
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,055	1,080	970
Ga	5	5	0	80	40	40
Ganda	15	5	5	35	15	20
Igbo	30	20	10	120	70	50
Lingala	0	0	5	2,465	1,185	1,285
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	15	3,345	1,600	1,745
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	20	20	2,500	1,115	1,380
Shona	95	40	55	85	45	40
Swahili	145	65	80	3,010	1,460	1,545
Wolof	10	5	5	3,230	1,745	1,485
Yoruba	80	45	35	255	155	100
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	135	50	85	8,135	4,235	3,895
Nilo-Saharan languages	285	135	150	345	180	165
Dinka	5	5	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	285	130	150	335	170	165
Sign languages	115	60	60	1,330	700	630
American Sign Language	70	30	40	65	35	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	670	330	340
Sign languages, n.i.e	50	30	20	595	340	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	13,040	6,415	6,630	76,840	35,775	41,065
Chinese languages	12,665	6,215	6,455	76,490	35,600	40,895
Cantonese	2,200	1,075	1,125	24,375	11,505	12,875
Hakka	75	35	40	470	215	260
Mandarin	9,390	4,595	4,795	43,700	20,175	23,525
Min Dong	5	0	5	20	10	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	245	125	120	3,225	1,480	1,745
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	50	55	1,075	465	605
Chinese, n.o.s.	640	330	305	3,535	1,710	1,825
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	90	40	45
Tibeto-Burman languages	375	195	175	345	175	170
Burmese	140	70	70	80	30	50
Karenic languages	125	65	60	70	40	30
Tibetan	5	5	0	110	65	50
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	55	45	85	45	40
Tai-Kadai languages	1,155	520	630	4,895	2,185	2,710
Lao	1,025	485	545	4,115	1,995	2,120
Thai	125	35	90	765	180	585
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	910	460	455	7,980	4,095	3,880
Azerbaijani	70	40	30	290	160	130
Turkish	785	400	390	7,155	3,685	3,470
Uyghur	10	5	10	205	100	105
Uzbek	15	10	5	145	70	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	185	80	105
Uralic languages	1,935	940	995	6,400	2,985	3,410
Estonian	95	45	50	195	75	120
Finnish	145	75	75	360	125	240
Hungarian	1,690	825	865	5,835	2,790	3,045
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	60	30	25	685	385	300
Multiple responses	10,010	4,920	5,090	184,905	92,600	92,310
English and French	1,240	590	645	72,395	36,695	35,695
English and non-official language	8,310	4,110	4,205	27,485	13,545	13,945
French and non-official language	230	110	115	67,075	33,110	33,970
English, French and non-official language	230	110	125	17,950	9,245	8,705
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	518,165	256,330	261,835	8,066,560	3,977,270	4,089,285
Single responses	494,910	244,945	249,970	7,743,740	3,819,315	3,924,425
Official languages	433,960	215,380	218,585	7,157,850	3,536,165	3,621,685
English	432,315	214,625	217,690	782,185	391,125	391,060
French	1,645	750	900	6,375,665	3,145,040	3,230,625
Non-official languages	60,950	29,570	31,380	585,890	283,150	302,735
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	40,190	20,205	19,980
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	28,695	14,385	14,310
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	28,110	14,105	14,005
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	7,375	3,590	3,790
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	590	295	290
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	60	30	30
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	15	5	10
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	14,590	7,355	7,235
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	220	115	110
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	220	110	105
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	370	170	200
Algonquin	0	0	0	360	165	195
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	11,375	5,770	5,615
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	11,350	5,750	5,600
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	70	35	30
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	35	10	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	60,945	29,565	31,380	545,695	262,940	282,755
Afro-Asiatic languages	6,380	3,130	3,250	91,660	46,550	45,110
Berber languages	15	10	0	7,495	3,895	3,605
Kabyle	10	5	5	5,105	2,660	2,450
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,390	1,235	1,150
Cushitic languages	800	360	440	535	240	295
Bilen	85	40	40	5	0	5
Oromo	55	20	30	5	0	0
Somali	655	295	360	520	230	290
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	5	5	5
Semitic languages	5,565	2,760	2,805	83,520	42,365	41,160
Amharic	525	245	285	340	150	185
Arabic	4,235	2,135	2,100	81,105	41,150	39,955
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	170	85	85	95	50	45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	10	15	10	0	5
Harari	5	0	10	5	0	5
Hebrew	50	25	25	1,705	880	825
Maltese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	510	235	270	205	95	105
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	60	25	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	105	50	55
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,515	1,205	1,310	24,980	11,675	13,305
Khmer (Cambodian)	130	60	75	5,180	2,370	2,805
Vietnamese	2,380	1,150	1,235	19,790	9,295	10,495
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10
Austronesian languages	775	330	445	9,715	3,960	5,750
Bikol	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cebuano	25	10	15	230	100	125
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	15	130	55	75
Ilocano	30	15	15	740	305	435
Malagasy	0	0	0	360	185	170
Malay	60	30	30	175	85	95
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	640	270	370	7,905	3,150	4,760
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	35
Creole languages	85	40	45	20,705	8,780	11,925
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	855	380	475
Creole, n.o.s.	50	20	25	19,405	8,200	11,210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	440	200	240
Dravidian languages	920	485	435	11,400	5,595	5,805
Kannada	35	20	15	150	85	65
Malayalam	360	190	175	200	100	100
Tamil	360	190	170	10,720	5,215	5,500
Telugu	160	80	80	330	190	135
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	190	85	105	15	5	5
Indo-European languages	37,365	18,070	19,300	303,215	146,100	157,115
Albanian	540	280	260	1,615	795	820
Armenian	415	200	215	11,990	5,680	6,310
Balto-Slavic languages	8,790	4,255	4,535	40,405	19,085	21,325
Baltic languages	15	10	10	190	80	105
Latvian	5	0	5	75	40	40
Lithuanian	10	5	5	115	40	70
Slavic languages	8,770	4,250	4,520	40,220	19,000	21,220
Belarusan	10	0	5	25	15	15
Bosnian	265	140	125	965	475	495
Bulgarian	65	30	30	5,125	2,495	2,630
Croatian	865	425	440	1,015	475	545
Czech	235	115	120	460	220	240
Macedonian	125	60	70	130	65	65
Polish	2,145	1,030	1,115	5,970	2,695	3,270
Russian	990	475	515	20,680	9,775	10,900
Serbian	3,235	1,590	1,640	2,010	1,020	990
Serbo-Croatian	230	105	120	960	470	490
Slovak	195	90	110	245	120	130
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	25	30	225	95	135
Ukrainian	270	120	155	2,365	1,060	1,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	40	15	25
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	5
Germanic languages	3,525	1,640	1,885	9,890	4,980	4,905
Afrikaans	30	15	15	15	10	10
Danish	10	10	5	50	25	25
Dutch	270	130	140	375	170	205
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	3,175	1,470	1,705	2,550	1,190	1,365
Icelandic	0	0	0	30	15	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Swedish	10	10	5	105	50	60
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	70	35	40
Yiddish	0	0	0	6,665	3,485	3,180
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	10	5	5
Greek	470	210	260	18,545	8,865	9,680
Indo-Iranian languages	11,910	5,940	5,975	53,555	26,845	26,710
Indo-Aryan languages	8,360	4,180	4,185	31,575	15,985	15,585
Bengali	530	270	260	8,180	4,055	4,125
Gujarati	1,675	825	845	3,840	1,860	1,985
Hindi	755	390	365	1,535	790	745
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	15	10	5	30	15	15
Marathi	65	35	35	80	40	40
Nepali	155	75	75	1,355	655	700
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	15	10	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,110	1,555	1,555	8,840	4,690	4,155
Sindhi	110	50	60	135	65	75
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	125	60	60	365	185	180
Urdu	1,805	900	910	7,180	3,620	3,565
Iranian languages	3,440	1,715	1,730	21,745	10,740	11,010
Kurdish	340	175	165	510	280	235
Pashto	620	305	310	925	460	465
Persian (Farsi)	2,490	1,240	1,255	20,310	10,005	10,305
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	110	50	60	235	120	120
Italic (Romance) languages	11,715	5,535	6,180	167,190	79,835	87,355
Catalan	15	5	5	110	50	60
Italian	365	170	195	32,935	14,595	18,340
Portuguese	4,045	1,875	2,170	17,260	8,250	9,005
Romanian	2,690	1,300	1,390	24,520	12,000	12,525
Spanish	4,605	2,185	2,420	92,330	44,920	47,415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Japanese	240	110	130	1,050	425	620
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	70	35	35
Georgian	0	0	0	70	40	35
Korean	1,500	700	795	3,540	1,630	1,910
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	145	70	75
Mongolian	5	5	0	145	70	75
Niger-Congo languages	170	65	105	7,250	3,450	3,800
Akan (Twi)	15	5	10	445	215	235
Bamanankan	0	0	0	265	135	125
Edo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ewe	0	0	0	140	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	530	255	280
Ga	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ganda	5	5	5	5	5	5
Igbo	10	5	10	15	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	625	270	355
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	1,110	510	600
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	530	225	305
Shona	25	10	15	20	10	10
Swahili	60	20	35	1,100	535	565
Wolof	0	0	0	1,035	555	480
Yoruba	10	5	5	55	25	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	1,350	635	710
Nilo-Saharan languages	120	55	60	135	70	65
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	115	55	55	130	65	65
Sign languages	170	90	75	1,770	1,000	775
American Sign Language	80	45	40	90	35	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	700	360	340
Sign languages, n.i.e	90	50	40	985	600	385
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,975	4,450	4,525	60,370	28,925	31,450
Chinese languages	8,645	4,280	4,360	60,155	28,805	31,345
Cantonese	1,170	575	595	17,845	8,470	9,375
Hakka	40	15	20	155	75	80
Mandarin	6,885	3,405	3,475	37,075	17,870	19,200
Min Dong	0	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	30	35	1,830	830	1,000
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	35	30	780	355	420
Chinese, n.o.s.	420	220	205	2,435	1,190	1,240
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	40	20	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	330	170	160	215	115	100
Burmese	135	70	60	35	15	20
Karenic languages	120	60	55	65	40	30
Tibetan	5	0	0	70	45	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	40	20	20
Tai-Kadai languages	560	260	295	2,375	1,145	1,230
Lao	510	240	270	2,150	1,055	1,100
Thai	50	15	30	225	90	135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	430	215	210	5,120	2,540	2,575
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	100	50	55
Turkish	390	195	190	4,715	2,340	2,370
Uyghur	0	0	0	140	75	70
Uzbek	5	5	0	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	65	30	35
Uralic languages	520	255	270	2,025	895	1,130
Estonian	15	5	5	30	10	20
Finnish	10	0	10	50	20	30
Hungarian	500	245	250	1,945	860	1,085
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	150	90	60
Multiple responses	23,250	11,385	11,865	322,820	157,960	164,860
English and French	680	310	370	86,715	43,820	42,890
English and non-official language	22,105	10,865	11,240	54,400	26,255	28,140
French and non-official language	60	25	35	139,385	66,610	72,775
English, French and non-official language	410	190	220	42,320	21,270	21,045
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	518,160	256,330	261,830	8,066,555	3,977,275	4,089,285
None	449,920	223,250	226,665	6,825,240	3,356,340	3,468,900
English	27,070	13,455	13,610	513,410	263,670	249,735
French	4,830	2,050	2,785	320,370	158,340	162,030
Non-official language	35,150	17,015	18,140	317,790	154,450	163,340
Aboriginal	50	15	40	5,700	2,645	3,060
Non-Aboriginal	35,100	17,000	18,100	312,085	151,810	160,280
English and French	190	85	110	36,235	18,285	17,955
English and non-official language	590	305	290	28,630	14,075	14,555
French and non-official language	395	170	225	23,470	11,365	12,095
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	1,420	740	680
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	423,860	208,350	215,515	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	406,690	200,510	206,180	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,709	43,368	29,686	32,975	37,842	28,522
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	406,740	200,515	206,225	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,331	38,405	27,336	29,535	33,110	26,119
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	369,000	185,895	183,105	5,685,690	2,866,470	2,819,220
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,879	43,567	27,605	30,067	35,597	25,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	284,065	126,545	157,520	4,973,245	2,300,800	2,672,445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,462	1,315	4,870	7,307	5,851	8,246
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	313,565	163,080	150,485	4,627,795	2,408,420	2,219,370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,532	44,444	30,007	31,263	35,627	27,219
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	423,860	208,350	215,515	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	406,950	200,585	206,360	6,417,010	3,159,415	3,257,595
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,844	55,818	38,121	42,546	49,087	36,203
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	407,000	200,600	206,400	6,418,440	3,159,550	3,258,890
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,944	45,307	32,760	34,887	39,292	30,616
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	368,900	185,805	183,095	5,685,905	2,866,415	2,819,485
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,308	55,994	36,479	40,505	47,810	33,079
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	284,395	126,935	157,460	4,972,650	2,299,595	2,673,050
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,963	6,245	7,543	8,590	7,846	9,229
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	313,570	163,045	150,525	4,627,775	2,408,655	2,219,120
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,319	54,848	37,081	40,382	45,974	34,313
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	423,860	208,350	215,515	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	161,500	92,075	69,425	2,036,965	1,114,940	922,025
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,659	60,702	47,343	47,111	51,622	42,433
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,143	73,195	54,463	56,564	62,750	49,085
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	89.6	92.9	84.9	84.4	88.3	79.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.1	79.8	70.8	68.4	71.4	64.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	10.4	7.0	15.1	15.6	11.7	20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	423,860	208,345	215,515	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,140
Without total income	17,175	7,840	9,335	216,685	99,555	117,125
With total income	406,690	200,510	206,175	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.2	95.7	96.7	96.9	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	56,600	24,310	32,290	789,595	351,935	437,660
$10,000 to $19,999	64,805	25,450	39,350	1,188,135	476,630	711,500
$20,000 to $29,999	54,685	22,360	32,320	976,210	428,390	547,830
$30,000 to $39,999	47,170	21,005	26,170	852,735	414,105	438,625
$40,000 to $49,999	42,805	20,585	22,220	747,995	378,215	369,780
$50,000 to $59,999	34,390	18,540	15,850	540,265	292,110	248,150
$60,000 to $69,999	25,970	15,135	10,835	375,935	214,805	161,130
$70,000 to $79,999	19,400	11,875	7,525	286,025	164,240	121,790
$80,000 to $89,999	14,975	9,415	5,555	189,350	113,715	75,635
$90,000 to $99,999	13,195	7,865	5,335	122,750	80,090	42,660
$100,000 and over	32,700	23,970	8,730	348,620	246,360	102,255
$100,000 to $149,999	22,310	15,985	6,320	236,515	164,145	72,370
$150,000 and over	10,390	7,985	2,405	112,105	82,215	29,885
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	423,865	208,350	215,510	6,634,295	3,260,150	3,374,140
Without after-tax income	17,120	7,835	9,290	215,120	99,375	115,750
With after-tax income	406,740	200,515	206,230	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,395
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.2	95.7	96.8	97.0	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	57,970	24,695	33,275	822,725	359,045	463,675
$10,000 to $19,999	67,985	26,745	41,245	1,246,480	505,165	741,315
$20,000 to $29,999	63,730	26,475	37,250	1,192,885	541,080	651,810
$30,000 to $39,999	57,570	26,740	30,830	1,096,510	553,200	543,315
$40,000 to $49,999	49,280	25,740	23,535	793,150	425,040	368,115
$50,000 to $59,999	34,680	20,040	14,645	498,475	283,130	215,345
$60,000 to $69,999	24,065	15,020	9,045	309,415	180,470	128,945
$70,000 to $79,999	18,705	11,440	7,270	167,895	108,500	59,395
$80,000 and over	32,750	23,620	9,135	291,635	205,155	86,485
$80,000 to $89,999	11,010	7,445	3,565	95,010	64,670	30,335
$90,000 to $99,999	6,515	4,640	1,880	55,980	39,080	16,905
$100,000 and over	15,230	11,540	3,695	140,645	101,405	39,240
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	423,860	208,350	215,515	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145
Without employment income	110,295	45,270	65,030	2,006,505	851,730	1,154,775
With employment income	313,565	163,080	150,485	4,627,790	2,408,420	2,219,375
Percentage with employment income	74.0	78.3	69.8	69.8	73.9	65.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	38,720	18,305	20,415	606,300	311,780	294,520
$5,000 to $9,999	24,355	10,535	13,820	367,030	162,150	204,885
$10,000 to $19,999	39,675	17,215	22,455	681,920	305,995	375,920
$20,000 to $29,999	32,420	13,900	18,515	586,140	269,950	316,195
$30,000 to $39,999	33,100	14,600	18,500	565,425	277,135	288,285
$40,000 to $49,999	31,865	15,775	16,085	476,665	247,105	229,560
$50,000 to $59,999	26,875	15,190	11,680	359,180	203,580	155,600
$60,000 to $69,999	20,305	12,280	8,025	266,650	156,255	110,395
$70,000 to $79,999	15,605	9,835	5,770	224,040	129,890	94,150
$80,000 and over	50,660	35,440	15,220	494,440	344,585	149,855
$80,000 to $89,999	12,745	8,205	4,540	139,830	90,295	49,540
$90,000 to $99,999	11,415	6,920	4,495	93,860	64,160	29,700
$100,000 and over	26,500	20,315	6,185	260,745	190,125	70,620
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,229	...	...	59,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,654	...	...	52,207	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	49,290	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,151	...	...	31,574	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,051	...	...	28,469	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	151,205	...	...	2,356,430	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,298	...	...	78,645	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,175	...	...	67,665	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,081	...	...	77,306	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,056	...	...	63,404	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	49,360	...	...	1,174,695	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,793	...	...	40,042	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,942	...	...	33,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	151,130	...	...	2,356,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,526	...	...	95,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,831	...	...	78,426	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Under $5,000	3,080	...	...	47,170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,070	...	...	56,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,465	...	...	119,570	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,890	...	...	180,865	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	7,335	...	...	179,690	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	6,640	...	...	154,150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	7,430	...	...	185,000	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	7,860	...	...	184,435	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	7,920	...	...	179,855	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	7,945	...	...	170,445	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15,260	...	...	313,600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,335	...	...	273,620	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	13,745	...	...	241,940	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	12,660	...	...	208,620	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	11,970	...	...	176,355	...	...
$100,000 and over	71,895	...	...	860,030	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	23,765	...	...	327,435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	16,485	...	...	204,105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	17,880	...	...	192,155	...	...
$200,000 and over	13,770	...	...	136,335	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	200,495	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Under $5,000	3,275	...	...	50,445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,125	...	...	57,335	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,545	...	...	120,860	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,155	...	...	190,300	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,265	...	...	202,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,485	...	...	187,365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	8,870	...	...	231,765	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,285	...	...	225,695	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,515	...	...	211,990	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	9,495	...	...	202,760	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	18,185	...	...	363,775	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	17,015	...	...	309,825	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15,995	...	...	256,150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	14,485	...	...	208,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	12,365	...	...	166,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	53,435	...	...	545,440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	22,680	...	...	269,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	13,350	...	...	130,225	...	...
$150,000 and over	17,405	...	...	146,045	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	144,525	...	...	2,261,890	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,057	...	...	79,378	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,598	...	...	68,152	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	50,730	...	...	930,195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,933	...	...	70,075	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,353	...	...	60,224	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	68,055	...	...	911,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,152	...	...	105,246	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,627	...	...	88,844	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	21,920	...	...	364,085	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,247	...	...	52,708	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,775	...	...	47,805	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	144,425	...	...	2,262,045	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,616	...	...	96,863	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,515	...	...	79,060	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	50,770	...	...	929,645	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,953	...	...	86,304	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,266	...	...	70,167	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	68,145	...	...	912,560	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,838	...	...	122,835	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,934	...	...	99,279	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	21,810	...	...	363,610	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,185	...	...	61,753	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,830	...	...	53,052	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	70,830	36,265	34,570	1,433,210	711,180	722,030
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,534	35,454	30,010	29,195	31,526	27,210
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,736	31,890	27,837	26,706	28,214	25,434
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	70,975	36,005	34,970	1,430,625	708,225	722,405
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	41,467	44,363	38,484	37,684	39,840	35,571
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,067	36,809	33,273	31,513	32,729	30,321
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	516,080	255,450	260,635	7,965,455	3,941,475	4,023,970
In the bottom half of the distribution	236,605	113,635	122,970	4,577,885	2,216,770	2,361,115
In the bottom decile	45,675	22,370	23,305	747,785	368,385	379,395
In the second decile	42,660	19,195	23,465	898,605	408,705	489,900
In the third decile	46,310	21,770	24,545	997,185	481,975	515,210
In the fourth decile	49,600	24,170	25,435	996,230	490,275	505,960
In the fifth decile	52,350	26,125	26,230	938,080	467,425	470,655
In the top half of the distribution	279,475	141,820	137,655	3,387,565	1,724,710	1,662,855
In the sixth decile	55,500	27,815	27,685	881,640	444,865	436,775
In the seventh decile	56,435	28,615	27,820	806,685	409,470	397,220
In the eighth decile	58,350	29,570	28,780	700,450	357,000	343,455
In the ninth decile	58,590	29,880	28,710	557,160	286,195	270,960
In the top decile	50,600	25,935	24,665	441,630	227,185	214,445
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	516,085	255,450	260,630	7,921,505	3,919,560	4,001,945
0 to 17 years	110,975	56,630	54,350	1,564,410	800,455	763,960
0 to 5 years	35,575	18,245	17,335	532,410	272,790	259,625
18 to 64 years	334,955	166,525	168,430	5,021,875	2,498,900	2,522,980
65 years and over	70,150	32,295	37,855	1,335,220	620,210	715,010
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	62,750	29,150	33,600	1,160,190	542,405	617,785
0 to 17 years	16,950	8,590	8,355	222,955	114,410	108,540
0 to 5 years	6,070	3,095	2,975	75,270	38,595	36,670
18 to 64 years	38,505	17,930	20,570	688,130	334,825	353,305
65 years and over	7,305	2,625	4,675	249,110	93,170	155,930
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	11.4	12.9	14.6	13.8	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	15.3	15.2	15.4	14.3	14.3	14.2
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.0	17.2	14.1	14.1	14.1
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.8	12.2	13.7	13.4	14.0
65 years and over (%)	10.4	8.1	12.3	18.7	15.0	21.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	38,030	19,030	18,995	731,340	358,085	373,260
0 to 17 years	8,825	4,525	4,300	129,325	66,400	62,925
0 to 5 years	3,075	1,590	1,485	44,375	22,705	21,675
18 to 64 years	27,660	13,850	13,815	514,540	261,485	253,060
65 years and over	1,540	660	885	87,475	30,205	57,270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.4	7.3	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	8.0	7.9	8.3	8.3	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.7	8.6	8.3	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.2	10.2	10.5	10.0
65 years and over (%)	2.2	2.0	2.3	6.6	4.9	8.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	516,085	255,450	260,630	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Official languages	507,185	251,840	255,350	7,891,110	3,911,220	3,979,890
English	506,990	251,765	255,220	3,930,690	2,058,470	1,872,225
French	34,335	14,905	19,425	7,522,350	3,725,145	3,797,200
Non-official languages	142,870	69,695	73,170	1,610,980	776,265	834,720
Aboriginal languages	100	35	65	50,890	25,190	25,700
Algonquian languages	90	30	60	37,515	18,545	18,965
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	0	15	34,415	17,050	17,370
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	9,850	4,735	5,115
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	775	385	385
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	260	130	130
Plains Cree	10	0	10	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	35	25	10
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	15	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	17,175	8,600	8,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	885	460	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	880	460	425
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	30	40	2,340	1,105	1,235
Algonquin	10	0	10	2,240	1,055	1,185
Ojibway	60	25	35	105	50	50
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	10
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	12,595	6,270	6,330
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	12,485	6,210	6,270
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	60
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	740	360	375
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	690	350	335
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	35
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	30	15	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	90	40	55
Non-Aboriginal languages	142,770	69,665	73,105	1,560,375	751,215	809,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,310	6,345	5,965	301,035	157,545	143,490
Berber languages	0	0	0	27,595	14,650	12,945
Kabyle	0	0	0	16,170	8,580	7,590
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	11,580	6,150	5,425
Cushitic languages	1,530	785	740	1,550	745	805
Bilen	160	80	80	35	20	10
Oromo	85	40	45	45	30	10
Somali	1,190	610	575	1,460	680	780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	115	70	50	10	10	0
Semitic languages	11,035	5,680	5,355	286,625	149,970	136,660
Amharic	1,130	550	575	1,145	540	600
Arabic	8,665	4,500	4,170	267,965	140,280	127,685
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	275	155	125	195	95	95
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	380	225	150	18,035	9,490	8,540
Maltese	110	65	45	40	10	25
Tigrigna	1,040	460	580	420	195	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	180	85	95
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	810	430	380
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,840	2,310	2,535	46,050	21,955	24,095
Khmer (Cambodian)	310	130	180	11,840	5,620	6,220
Vietnamese	4,555	2,190	2,365	34,580	16,520	18,060
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	40	25	15
Austronesian languages	2,775	935	1,830	31,230	11,820	19,410
Bikol	0	0	10	105	45	60
Cebuano	95	15	80	1,105	360	750
Fijian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hiligaynon	55	15	45	540	195	350
Ilocano	90	25	65	2,500	890	1,610
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,980	940	1,040
Malay	340	150	190	1,210	525	690
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	195	95	100
Pangasinan	10	10	10	60	20	40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,355	765	1,590	26,705	9,785	16,915
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	55	10	45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	10	10	540	270	275
Creole languages	470	240	225	115,445	51,970	63,475
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	4,910	2,285	2,620
Creole, n.o.s.	240	125	120	108,315	48,615	59,705
Creole languages, n.i.e.	235	120	115	2,835	1,390	1,445
Dravidian languages	2,395	1,290	1,105	18,710	9,495	9,210
Kannada	205	115	90	415	210	205
Malayalam	675	325	355	510	285	220
Tamil	1,215	675	540	17,245	8,680	8,565
Telugu	465	265	205	930	540	390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	15	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	490	235	260	35	15	25
Indo-European languages	99,010	48,260	50,745	912,945	435,785	477,155
Albanian	1,045	580	470	3,375	1,730	1,645
Armenian	815	395	420	20,290	9,790	10,500
Balto-Slavic languages	21,045	10,090	10,955	88,425	41,725	46,700
Baltic languages	200	110	90	1,080	500	585
Latvian	135	75	60	335	150	185
Lithuanian	70	35	40	755	350	410
Slavic languages	20,865	10,000	10,870	87,520	41,315	46,205
Belarusan	75	30	45	365	150	215
Bosnian	815	390	425	1,975	990	985
Bulgarian	160	75	85	7,345	3,595	3,750
Croatian	3,200	1,545	1,660	3,580	1,760	1,820
Czech	940	470	465	2,070	975	1,095
Macedonian	345	150	195	285	140	145
Polish	5,845	2,705	3,140	17,760	8,090	9,665
Russian	2,565	1,150	1,415	46,665	22,265	24,400
Serbian	6,360	3,260	3,095	4,050	1,980	2,070
Serbo-Croatian	615	285	325	2,385	1,140	1,245
Slovak	765	390	375	1,520	705	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	310	140	170	970	490	480
Ukrainian	955	375	580	9,015	3,885	5,135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	250	125	120	150	75	75
Celtic languages	90	50	45	495	305	195
Scottish Gaelic	45	20	25	155	95	65
Welsh	20	10	10	85	45	40
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	0	265	175	95
Germanic languages	18,125	8,320	9,810	63,370	31,835	31,530
Afrikaans	225	120	100	415	260	150
Danish	250	110	140	835	410	420
Dutch	2,975	1,260	1,715	5,060	2,665	2,395
Frisian	45	25	25	15	10	0
German	15,360	7,150	8,215	43,475	21,950	21,530
Icelandic	10	0	0	140	80	60
Norwegian	80	35	40	510	255	255
Swedish	140	100	45	1,580	785	795
Vlaams (Flemish)	65	30	35	760	265	495
Yiddish	0	0	0	12,375	6,225	6,155
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	115	60	55	270	125	140
Greek	1,805	910	890	51,060	25,520	25,540
Indo-Iranian languages	24,110	12,510	11,600	93,655	48,040	45,615
Indo-Aryan languages	18,980	9,910	9,075	59,570	30,870	28,700
Bengali	1,155	630	530	12,870	6,610	6,260
Gujarati	3,370	1,755	1,610	7,950	3,860	4,090
Hindi	6,585	3,475	3,110	15,570	8,285	7,280
Kashmiri	10	0	10	45	35	15
Konkani	70	40	30	150	70	75
Marathi	270	140	130	475	240	230
Nepali	380	205	175	1,445	725	720
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	10	55	35	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,770	3,550	3,220	17,860	9,690	8,165
Sindhi	370	175	195	500	240	255
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	390	190	205	1,335	625	710
Urdu	5,585	2,905	2,680	16,545	8,655	7,890
Iranian languages	5,595	2,840	2,755	35,420	17,830	17,585
Kurdish	835	415	420	1,255	665	590
Pashto	1,010	520	485	1,825	1,005	825
Persian (Farsi)	4,055	2,055	2,000	32,965	16,560	16,405
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	325	145	180	845	425	420
Italic (Romance) languages	34,560	16,595	17,970	627,545	293,620	333,920
Catalan	20	15	0	890	525	365
Italian	3,115	1,615	1,500	173,710	84,430	89,275
Portuguese	12,085	5,905	6,180	55,100	27,620	27,475
Romanian	6,715	3,220	3,495	42,655	20,550	22,110
Spanish	13,610	6,335	7,275	390,355	177,610	212,745
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	490	345	145
Japanese	845	435	410	7,040	3,340	3,695
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	220	110	110
Georgian	10	0	10	215	105	110
Korean	2,205	1,070	1,135	6,260	2,825	3,430
Mongolic languages	20	15	10	270	135	130
Mongolian	20	20	10	265	135	130
Niger-Congo languages	1,115	580	530	52,840	26,665	26,175
Akan (Twi)	85	55	30	1,800	945	855
Bamanankan	0	0	0	2,385	1,240	1,145
Edo	25	10	10	190	95	95
Ewe	0	10	0	1,410	865	545
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	3,400	1,785	1,620
Ga	10	10	0	315	155	160
Ganda	30	0	25	90	40	55
Igbo	95	70	25	275	190	90
Lingala	105	60	45	9,630	4,430	5,200
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	0	25	4,490	2,210	2,285
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	10	35	3,535	1,640	1,895
Shona	35	20	15	150	75	80
Swahili	380	180	200	8,015	4,080	3,935
Wolof	0	0	0	6,555	3,545	3,015
Yoruba	225	145	90	885	485	395
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	175	85	95	17,720	9,125	8,595
Nilo-Saharan languages	380	165	215	695	345	350
Dinka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	380	165	215	695	345	350
Sign languages	625	235	395	7,775	3,095	4,675
American Sign Language	460	150	305	675	245	435
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,405	1,590	2,815
Sign languages, n.i.e.	175	90	90	2,960	1,350	1,605
Sino-Tibetan languages	14,755	7,325	7,430	90,460	42,695	47,770
Chinese languages	14,345	7,115	7,230	90,060	42,480	47,580
Cantonese	3,140	1,530	1,610	31,885	14,900	16,980
Hakka	155	65	95	545	240	310
Mandarin	11,100	5,460	5,640	59,240	27,560	31,685
Min Dong	0	0	0	15	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	365	180	190	4,215	1,860	2,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	150	85	70	1,230	535	690
Chinese, n.o.s.	785	410	370	4,800	2,380	2,425
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	90	40	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	435	230	205	430	235	195
Burmese	165	80	80	140	75	60
Karenic languages	120	60	60	105	55	45
Tibetan	0	10	0	65	50	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	275	140	135	140	65	80
Tai-Kadai languages	1,200	555	640	7,280	3,400	3,880
Lao	1,070	505	565	5,785	2,850	2,935
Thai	190	65	125	2,255	875	1,375
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkic languages	1,480	790	690	12,475	6,265	6,210
Azerbaijani	150	100	50	510	275	235
Turkish	1,290	690	600	11,415	5,755	5,665
Uyghur	0	0	0	230	110	120
Uzbek	45	20	25	230	105	125
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	235	115	120
Uralic languages	2,240	1,105	1,135	7,870	3,710	4,160
Estonian	160	85	70	150	55	95
Finnish	145	70	75	500	195	305
Hungarian	1,945	955	990	7,215	3,450	3,765
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	140	80	60	2,140	1,170	970
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	516,085	255,450	260,630	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	482,350	238,765	243,590	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	106,590	54,380	52,210	1,521,230	779,620	741,610
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	375,760	184,380	191,380	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	33,730	16,690	17,040	379,910	188,245	191,665
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	516,085	255,450	260,630	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	388,140	192,900	195,235	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	118,615	57,530	61,080	1,091,310	530,325	560,980
Before 1981	35,935	17,345	18,590	238,655	117,080	121,575
1981 to 1990	15,710	7,735	7,970	127,340	63,150	64,190
1991 to 2000	23,745	11,620	12,130	187,860	89,210	98,650
2001 to 2010	29,250	14,050	15,195	322,280	155,785	166,495
2001 to 2005	14,590	7,025	7,570	140,170	67,835	72,335
2006 to 2010	14,655	7,030	7,630	182,115	87,945	94,165
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	13,975	6,780	7,195	215,170	105,105	110,065
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	9,335	5,025	4,310	86,065	45,765	40,295
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	118,615	57,530	61,080	1,091,305	530,325	560,980
Under 5 years	13,700	6,940	6,760	112,930	54,600	58,330
5 to 14 years	23,895	12,460	11,435	174,020	87,165	86,855
15 to 24 years	25,560	11,440	14,125	215,350	98,880	116,475
25 to 44 years	47,195	22,990	24,205	515,770	256,095	259,675
45 years and over	8,265	3,700	4,565	73,230	33,590	39,640
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	118,615	57,530	61,085	1,091,305	530,330	560,980
Americas	17,455	8,000	9,460	247,505	113,190	134,315
Brazil	500	225	275	7,345	3,515	3,830
Colombia	1,640	745	895	25,580	11,645	13,935
El Salvador	1,960	915	1,045	11,120	5,500	5,615
Guyana	2,305	1,045	1,260	2,490	1,085	1,410
Haiti	40	20	15	80,965	35,375	45,585
Jamaica	1,920	960	965	4,665	2,040	2,625
Mexico	985	460	525	15,820	7,090	8,730
Peru	185	85	100	13,265	5,945	7,325
Trinidad and Tobago	680	305	380	4,075	1,840	2,240
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,890	1,585	2,305	25,955	12,800	13,155
Other places of birth in Americas	3,355	1,645	1,705	56,235	26,370	29,870
Europe	51,440	24,950	26,490	311,090	154,910	156,185
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,160	1,635	1,520	3,785	1,890	1,895
Croatia	2,100	1,040	1,065	2,140	1,085	1,050
France	340	175	165	81,225	43,490	37,735
Germany	4,680	2,165	2,510	9,750	4,365	5,390
Greece	580	260	315	18,420	9,135	9,285
Hungary	805	390	420	3,325	1,620	1,700
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	425	210	220	820	485	330
Italy	1,145	650	490	51,025	25,370	25,655
Netherlands	1,725	815	900	1,990	1,035	955
Poland	4,260	1,975	2,290	10,735	4,675	6,060
Portugal	7,160	3,450	3,710	18,985	9,185	9,800
Romania	5,105	2,420	2,680	28,695	13,695	15,005
Russian Federation	780	350	430	11,355	4,975	6,375
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	2,525	1,275	1,250	1,790	830	960
Ukraine	740	335	405	8,670	3,800	4,870
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	11,245	5,520	5,725	12,905	6,645	6,260
Other places of birth in Europe	4,675	2,290	2,390	45,500	22,630	22,870
Africa	7,235	3,640	3,600	241,410	125,250	116,165
Algeria	60	30	25	59,465	31,180	28,280
Egypt	1,185	630	560	19,490	10,290	9,200
Ethiopia	955	480	475	995	495	495
Kenya	420	200	225	785	355	430
Morocco	45	25	25	60,700	31,435	29,270
Nigeria	310	185	125	1,340	740	600
Somalia	720	335	380	580	270	310
South Africa, Republic of	500	250	250	865	475	385
Other places of birth in Africa	3,045	1,510	1,530	97,200	50,005	47,190
Asia	42,130	20,760	21,370	289,825	136,175	153,655
Afghanistan	1,290	585	705	7,280	3,640	3,640
Bangladesh	690	360	325	7,940	3,990	3,950
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	6,380	3,025	3,355	49,555	19,905	29,655
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	785	445	340	4,730	2,290	2,435
India	8,575	4,400	4,180	17,865	9,195	8,670
IranCensus data footnote 61	1,580	860	720	17,760	8,880	8,885
Iraq	1,950	1,005	950	3,735	1,960	1,775
Japan	150	45	105	1,725	395	1,330
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,460	765	695	4,230	1,995	2,230
Lebanon	640	330	310	39,135	20,800	18,340
Pakistan	3,780	1,975	1,810	10,010	5,260	4,750
Philippines	2,445	905	1,535	24,410	9,040	15,370
Sri Lanka	910	450	460	10,715	5,335	5,380
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,660	850	810	17,775	8,800	8,980
Taiwan	460	225	225	2,735	1,100	1,635
Viet Nam	3,345	1,565	1,785	25,440	11,765	13,675
Other places of birth in Asia	6,040	2,985	3,060	44,795	21,840	22,950
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	350	185	165	1,480	805	670
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	13,975	6,780	7,195	215,170	105,105	110,065
Americas	1,735	805	935	47,710	22,625	25,085
Brazil	55	25	25	3,010	1,495	1,520
Colombia	270	100	175	7,540	3,465	4,075
Cuba	85	35	55	2,565	1,260	1,315
Haiti	20	10	10	16,880	7,690	9,190
Jamaica	165	105	65	190	140	55
Mexico	125	60	65	4,210	1,955	2,255
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	565	230	330	3,990	2,265	1,720
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	40	15	20	1,955	935	1,020
Other places of birth in Americas	415	225	190	7,365	3,425	3,935
Europe	1,715	825	890	39,320	20,085	19,235
France	40	25	15	20,030	10,855	9,175
Germany	125	60	60	580	250	330
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	60	35	25	135	105	35
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	30	10	15	3,750	1,695	2,055
Romania	260	105	150	2,945	1,260	1,685
Russian Federation	85	30	55	1,970	865	1,105
Ukraine	70	30	45	2,460	1,110	1,350
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	275	170	110	860	565	290
Other places of birth in Europe	775	360	415	6,590	3,385	3,205
Africa	1,550	765	785	74,200	37,110	37,090
Algeria	10	10	0	16,380	8,060	8,320
Cameroon	0	0	0	7,550	3,705	3,845
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	3,370	1,655	1,715
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	5,070	2,505	2,565
Egypt	290	135	155	4,360	2,260	2,095
Eritrea	340	160	180	50	30	20
Ethiopia	225	95	130	125	65	60
Morocco	0	0	0	13,475	6,675	6,805
Nigeria	105	70	40	540	280	260
Somalia	205	100	105	95	40	50
South Africa, Republic of	80	30	45	175	115	60
Tunisia	10	10	0	5,855	3,025	2,825
Other places of birth in Africa	265	150	115	17,155	8,690	8,470
Asia	8,935	4,350	4,580	53,595	25,070	28,525
Afghanistan	235	75	155	1,555	715	840
Bangladesh	135	50	90	860	455	405
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	1,395	665	730	10,705	4,805	5,895
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	25	0	15	120	35	80
India	1,835	1,010	820	2,960	1,555	1,405
IranCensus data footnote 61	495	270	220	7,505	3,545	3,960
Iraq	850	485	365	985	465	515
Israel	40	25	15	645	390	255
Japan	20	0	20	330	30	295
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	160	65	95	825	370	455
Lebanon	65	30	35	3,955	2,100	1,860
Nepal	75	30	45	360	165	195
Pakistan	620	295	330	1,815	920	895
Philippines	600	180	420	5,635	2,345	3,290
Saudi Arabia	110	80	40	435	210	225
Sri Lanka	90	40	50	860	380	480
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,050	540	510	7,455	3,740	3,715
Taiwan	75	40	30	170	60	105
Turkey	95	65	35	585	300	285
United Arab Emirates	60	20	40	300	160	145
Viet Nam	260	100	160	1,505	560	945
Other places of birth in Asia	635	270	365	4,025	1,765	2,265
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	45	40	0	345	215	135
Australia	25	20	0	190	120	70
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	15	15	0	155	95	65
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	516,080	255,455	260,630	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
First generationCensus data footnote 69	130,375	63,880	66,495	1,204,895	590,175	614,720
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	108,125	54,565	53,560	792,085	399,535	392,550
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	277,580	137,005	140,580	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	84,495	41,040	43,455	867,685	420,465	447,220
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	35,760	18,700	17,055	469,015	243,915	225,100
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	13,050	9,525	3,525	224,720	137,975	86,745
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	22,715	9,180	13,530	244,300	105,945	138,360
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	24,180	9,600	14,580	241,225	96,130	145,095
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	23,845	12,425	11,420	146,295	75,100	71,195
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	710	310	395	11,150	5,320	5,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	516,085	255,455	260,630	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	8,885	4,270	4,610	182,885	91,890	90,995
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	8,430	4,045	4,385	175,960	88,635	87,325
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,450	2,565	2,885	92,655	45,510	47,145
Métis	2,815	1,400	1,415	69,365	36,260	33,100
Inuk (Inuit)	165	75	85	13,940	6,865	7,075
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	175	115	60	2,760	1,330	1,430
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	280	115	165	4,170	1,930	2,245
Non-Aboriginal identity	507,200	251,180	256,020	7,782,560	3,849,550	3,933,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	516,080	255,455	260,635	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	2,560	1,220	1,340	77,490	38,580	38,915
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	513,520	254,230	259,295	7,887,960	3,902,860	3,985,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	516,085	255,450	260,630	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	1,375	645	725	118,780	58,535	60,245
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	1,345	625	720	115,480	56,930	58,550
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	1,060	490	565	87,700	42,730	44,965
Métis single ancestry	255	130	125	17,585	9,225	8,360
Inuit single ancestry	30	0	25	10,200	4,980	5,220
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	30	20	10	3,300	1,605	1,700
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	20	0	2,220	1,115	1,105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	995	455	540
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	13,630	6,520	7,105	240,650	113,905	126,740
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	13,305	6,385	6,925	235,365	111,205	124,165
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,065	4,790	5,275	193,625	90,650	102,975
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,935	1,425	1,510	37,080	18,320	18,760
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	165	145	4,660	2,230	2,425
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	325	135	185	5,280	2,700	2,575
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	120	160	4,040	2,105	1,940
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	20	990	475	515
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	225	110	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	501,080	248,285	252,795	7,606,025	3,769,000	3,837,030
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	516,085	255,450	260,630	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	99,735	50,115	49,620	1,032,365	505,180	527,185
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	26,635	13,975	12,670	90,335	46,750	43,585
Chinese	15,940	7,890	8,050	99,505	44,370	55,135
Black	15,110	7,795	7,315	319,230	154,110	165,120
Filipino	3,535	1,430	2,105	34,910	14,275	20,635
Latin American	9,100	4,390	4,705	133,920	64,655	69,260
Arab	7,105	3,700	3,400	213,740	113,420	100,320
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	8,175	3,920	4,255	62,820	29,960	32,865
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	4,335	2,195	2,145	32,405	16,200	16,210
Korean	2,460	1,240	1,225	8,055	3,865	4,190
Japanese	760	330	425	4,570	1,755	2,820
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	3,270	1,605	1,665	9,840	4,670	5,175
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	3,305	1,650	1,655	23,045	11,160	11,885
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	416,345	205,335	211,015	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,830
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	516,085	255,455	260,630	7,965,455	3,941,435	4,024,010
North American Aboriginal origins	15,005	7,165	7,835	359,430	172,440	186,985
First Nations (North American Indian)	11,465	5,435	6,030	289,610	137,550	152,065
Inuit	380	190	190	17,175	8,300	8,880
Métis	3,510	1,700	1,810	61,260	30,915	30,345
Other North American origins	136,690	67,525	69,165	4,850,145	2,390,545	2,459,605
Acadian	595	240	355	34,785	16,440	18,345
American	5,805	2,905	2,895	45,050	21,470	23,580
Canadian	131,890	65,140	66,755	4,647,840	2,288,280	2,359,555
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	750	370	380
Newfoundlander	1,245	620	620	570	280	295
Nova Scotian	100	40	55	365	155	215
Ontarian	60	35	30	1,345	660	685
Québécois	150	85	65	184,005	93,895	90,110
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	15	10	10	205	110	100
European origins	365,075	179,270	185,800	3,037,890	1,511,060	1,526,825
British Isles origins	215,920	105,220	110,700	745,715	360,135	385,575
Channel Islander	35	30	10	1,440	725	720
Cornish	10	10	0	70	35	40
English	120,810	58,590	62,215	228,520	111,855	116,670
Irish	89,590	42,255	47,335	446,215	211,545	234,665
Manx	85	40	45	200	105	95
Scottish	93,055	44,835	48,220	215,030	103,395	111,635
Welsh	8,855	4,235	4,620	10,765	5,075	5,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,325	7,245	8,080	32,525	15,440	17,080
French origins	46,530	22,370	24,160	1,878,795	941,770	937,025
Alsatian	300	130	165	1,050	520	525
Breton	10	10	0	11,140	5,410	5,725
Corsican	10	0	10	1,270	690	580
French	46,250	22,245	24,005	1,870,545	937,665	932,875
Western European origins (except French origins)	137,830	67,325	70,500	244,380	119,115	125,260
Austrian	4,285	2,110	2,175	12,710	6,285	6,430
Bavarian	0	0	0	40	30	20
Belgian	1,935	975	960	51,340	25,295	26,050
Dutch	25,200	12,325	12,875	26,000	12,805	13,190
Flemish	210	110	95	1,345	660	685
Frisian	90	50	40	15	20	0
German	112,330	54,885	57,445	142,225	68,250	73,975
Luxembourger	75	50	30	910	445	460
Swiss	7,575	3,730	3,845	24,500	12,615	11,885
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	20	15	10	125	80	50
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,460	4,665	4,790	25,460	12,490	12,975
Danish	2,110	1,005	1,110	5,700	2,815	2,885
Finnish	1,860	940	920	3,130	1,430	1,700
Icelandic	470	230	245	955	480	470
Norwegian	2,420	1,225	1,200	7,820	3,835	3,985
Swedish	2,490	1,180	1,310	6,840	3,275	3,565
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	675	390	290	2,500	1,265	1,230
Eastern European origins	63,090	30,545	32,545	249,940	121,660	128,285
Bulgarian	415	190	220	9,570	4,675	4,895
Byelorussian	390	175	220	2,530	1,235	1,295
Czech	2,465	1,195	1,270	6,295	2,965	3,330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	585	240	350	2,150	1,100	1,050
Estonian	535	265	270	890	460	435
Hungarian	8,520	4,180	4,335	28,280	13,970	14,310
Latvian	605	315	295	1,740	835	905
Lithuanian	1,070	555	515	6,630	3,320	3,305
Moldovan	130	50	80	7,620	3,710	3,900
Polish	25,085	12,295	12,790	79,040	38,705	40,335
Romanian	9,690	4,560	5,135	53,060	25,935	27,125
Russian	6,810	3,205	3,605	55,230	26,405	28,830
Slovak	2,060	1,035	1,025	4,770	2,375	2,395
Ukrainian	12,990	6,235	6,750	42,550	20,575	21,975
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	200	100	100	2,900	1,505	1,400
Southern European origins	64,710	32,605	32,105	549,750	273,670	276,080
Albanian	1,190	650	540	3,760	1,950	1,805
Bosnian	1,365	690	675	2,970	1,485	1,490
Catalan	0	10	0	735	395	340
Croatian	4,915	2,420	2,495	6,745	3,375	3,370
Cypriot	645	325	315	480	240	245
Greek	3,885	1,965	1,920	71,330	36,235	35,090
Italian	18,650	9,575	9,075	326,700	162,650	164,045
Kosovar	120	60	55	505	295	210
Macedonian	870	365	505	775	400	370
Maltese	760	390	365	1,220	615	610
Montenegrin	180	85	95	450	250	200
Portuguese	21,240	10,720	10,520	69,805	34,825	34,980
Serbian	7,215	3,685	3,530	5,950	2,915	3,040
Sicilian	130	90	45	1,435	710	725
Slovenian	1,250	620	635	2,510	1,225	1,280
Spanish	5,490	2,530	2,955	85,360	41,745	43,615
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,580	785	795	3,270	1,595	1,670
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	20	15	10	300	155	145
Other European origins	2,285	1,150	1,135	38,670	19,875	18,800
Basque	75	25	50	3,620	1,930	1,690
Jewish	1,175	600	575	25,235	12,955	12,280
Roma (Gypsy)	45	20	25	475	270	205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	95	45	55	360	180	185
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	915	475	440	9,215	4,690	4,530
Caribbean origins	9,855	4,985	4,870	201,625	93,935	107,690
Antiguan	50	25	20	380	170	205
Bahamian	45	15	35	430	205	225
Barbadian	820	415	405	5,570	2,585	2,985
Bermudan	125	45	80	115	50	65
Carib	30	25	10	405	150	255
Cuban	650	270	370	9,830	4,800	5,035
Dominican	255	145	115	11,560	5,320	6,235
Grenadian	190	100	95	1,965	790	1,175
Guadeloupean	10	10	0	1,010	475	535
Haitian	105	55	55	143,165	66,245	76,925
Jamaican	5,220	2,685	2,540	14,100	6,785	7,315
Kittitian/Nevisian	75	40	30	360	200	160
Martinican	10	0	10	1,775	820	950
Montserratan	30	20	10	240	140	105
Puerto Rican	65	35	35	530	270	255
St. Lucian	130	65	60	860	450	405
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,360	695	665	6,585	2,925	3,660
Vincentian/Grenadinian	170	80	95	4,020	1,695	2,325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,055	505	555	5,635	2,610	3,025
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	235	115	120	4,195	1,995	2,205
Latin, Central and South American origins	13,530	6,480	7,050	167,275	81,215	86,065
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	370	180	190	6,100	2,885	3,210
Arawak	10	10	0	180	60	120
Argentinian	210	90	120	4,950	2,490	2,460
Belizean	0	0	0	80	40	40
Bolivian	45	10	35	1,730	815	915
Brazilian	660	310	345	8,345	4,075	4,275
Chilean	410	185	225	14,060	7,055	7,005
Colombian	2,400	1,105	1,290	33,965	15,915	18,050
Costa Rican	60	30	25	1,180	570	610
Ecuadorian	260	135	125	2,720	1,255	1,470
Guatemalan	635	310	330	10,175	5,380	4,795
Guyanese	2,615	1,275	1,340	3,670	1,810	1,860
Hispanic	335	170	165	1,155	570	585
Honduran	140	85	55	4,335	2,135	2,200
Maya	140	90	60	1,670	935	735
Mexican	1,605	755	845	26,930	13,185	13,745
Nicaraguan	620	330	290	2,805	1,360	1,445
Panamanian	50	25	25	1,460	755	710
Paraguayan	40	0	30	365	155	205
Peruvian	345	195	150	19,735	9,240	10,495
Salvadorean	2,335	1,110	1,225	19,200	9,535	9,665
Uruguayan	45	20	30	1,755	815	940
Venezuelan	345	150	190	7,475	3,430	4,045
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	700	315	375	5,845	2,965	2,880
African origins	12,815	6,565	6,250	382,665	196,910	185,755
Central and West African origins	1,425	805	620	86,695	44,720	41,975
Akan	10	10	10	630	325	310
Angolan	20	20	0	875	425	450
Ashanti	10	10	10	120	90	35
Beninese	20	10	10	4,125	2,220	1,915
Burkinabe	0	0	0	2,465	1,325	1,145
Cameroonian	50	10	35	17,095	8,635	8,465
Chadian	0	0	0	1,045	525	520
Congolese	185	105	85	20,210	9,960	10,250
Edo	10	0	0	110	60	45
Ewe	0	0	0	460	265	200
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,165	545	620
Gambian	0	0	0	150	95	55
Ghanaian	225	105	120	3,235	1,660	1,575
Guinean	10	0	0	5,255	2,765	2,485
Ibo	65	25	40	185	95	95
Ivorian	10	10	0	8,545	4,350	4,200
Liberian	70	40	25	150	60	90
Malian	0	10	0	3,535	1,755	1,775
Malinké	0	0	0	635	340	295
Nigerian	590	355	235	2,820	1,510	1,310
Peulh	0	0	10	2,110	1,080	1,030
Senegalese	10	0	10	8,250	4,420	3,835
Sierra Leonean	40	25	20	110	55	55
Togolese	0	0	0	4,080	2,210	1,870
Wolof	0	0	0	660	390	270
Yoruba	120	75	45	460	225	235
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	140	55	80	6,955	3,690	3,275
North African origins	3,415	1,810	1,610	225,125	117,725	107,410
Algerian	110	65	45	60,375	31,185	29,190
Berber	10	10	10	33,825	17,840	15,985
Coptic	25	20	10	685	385	305
Dinka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Egyptian	1,970	1,035	940	29,400	15,295	14,100
Libyan	165	95	65	1,075	590	485
Maure	0	0	10	530	290	240
Moroccan	175	85	85	85,940	44,520	41,420
Sudanese	975	495	475	370	220	150
Tunisian	45	30	10	21,475	11,775	9,695
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	25	20	0	3,340	1,845	1,490
Southern and East African origins	5,395	2,660	2,730	28,925	14,225	14,705
Afrikaner	20	20	10	115	75	40
Amhara	35	25	10	65	30	35
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	25	20	10	1,905	1,040	870
Burundian	35	10	25	6,015	2,945	3,070
Djiboutian	0	0	10	450	205	245
Eritrean	1,400	675	730	580	290	290
Ethiopian	1,365	650	705	1,575	785	785
Harari	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kenyan	90	55	35	530	270	260
Malagasy	0	0	0	3,735	1,815	1,920
Mauritian	80	45	35	3,695	1,735	1,960
Oromo	35	15	15	20	15	10
Rwandan	80	35	50	5,130	2,445	2,685
Seychellois	15	10	10	775	345	425
Somali	1,500	780	715	1,785	865	915
South African	515	220	295	900	490	420
Tanzanian	30	20	15	325	190	140
Tigrian	75	40	30	95	35	55
Ugandan	70	25	45	290	135	160
Zambian	10	0	10	45	20	25
Zimbabwean	75	35	40	300	150	145
Zulu	0	0	0	70	35	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	270	140	135	1,790	915	875
Other African origins	2,975	1,490	1,490	46,805	22,845	23,965
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	350	135	210	3,800	1,845	1,950
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	2,645	1,360	1,285	43,785	21,415	22,370
Asian origins	77,160	38,655	38,505	563,150	275,170	287,980
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	16,345	8,390	7,955	240,795	123,985	116,810
Afghan	2,200	1,055	1,145	10,945	5,550	5,395
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	1,430	795	635	44,875	23,680	21,195
Armenian	1,275	675	600	27,380	13,515	13,865
Assyrian	155	85	65	370	205	165
Azerbaijani	155	70	80	555	295	255
Georgian	70	25	50	635	295	345
Hazara	55	35	15	385	190	200
Iranian	2,395	1,285	1,105	25,530	12,845	12,685
Iraqi	1,575	825	750	5,520	2,780	2,740
Israeli	175	100	80	6,060	3,235	2,830
Jordanian	385	190	200	1,610	840	770
Kazakh	15	10	0	620	295	325
Kurd	780	400	380	2,135	1,180	960
Kuwaiti	45	25	15	95	50	50
Kyrgyz	15	0	15	260	140	120
Lebanese	1,685	815	875	78,140	40,695	37,450
Palestinian	1,000	500	495	6,865	3,520	3,345
Pashtun	275	135	140	515	280	235
Saudi Arabian	185	110	75	645	390	255
Syrian	1,685	860	820	27,465	13,845	13,620
Tajik	160	80	80	390	180	210
Tatar	10	10	10	910	430	485
Turk	1,595	810	790	15,060	7,520	7,545
Turkmen	50	20	35	65	45	25
Uighur	10	0	10	375	185	190
Uzbek	55	15	35	465	210	255
Yemeni	30	20	10	805	450	355
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	590	295	290	2,465	1,385	1,075
South Asian origins	27,520	14,320	13,205	95,670	48,925	46,745
Bangladeshi	660	350	305	7,075	3,625	3,450
Bengali	260	135	125	4,125	2,035	2,090
Bhutanese	135	75	60	420	205	215
East Indian	19,295	10,025	9,270	51,650	26,505	25,140
Goan	50	20	25	210	105	110
Gujarati	290	145	145	420	205	215
Kashmiri	45	25	20	260	155	105
Nepali	335	185	150	930	460	470
Pakistani	4,300	2,290	2,015	13,535	7,000	6,535
Punjabi	1,615	830	785	2,970	1,675	1,295
Sinhalese	245	115	125	310	135	175
Sri Lankan	870	460	410	14,750	7,300	7,450
Tamil	320	155	160	3,100	1,610	1,495
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,360	700	655	2,135	1,190	945
East and Southeast Asian origins	33,915	16,275	17,640	229,985	103,805	126,180
Burmese	605	290	310	530	270	255
Cambodian (Khmer)	485	225	260	15,345	7,360	7,985
Chinese	18,680	9,260	9,425	121,445	54,595	66,850
Filipino	4,070	1,670	2,395	37,910	15,590	22,320
Hmong	550	280	270	35	10	20
Indonesian	420	200	215	1,320	570	755
Japanese	1,025	455	570	6,495	2,615	3,875
Karen	85	45	40	95	55	40
Korean	2,570	1,305	1,270	8,740	4,155	4,580
Laotian	1,680	815	865	7,625	3,860	3,770
Malaysian	150	90	60	645	300	340
Mongolian	85	45	40	960	470	485
Singaporean	30	25	10	105	65	40
Taiwanese	310	145	165	2,205	940	1,265
Thai	395	160	235	2,695	1,065	1,635
Tibetan	10	10	0	80	45	30
Vietnamese	5,515	2,715	2,805	43,080	20,790	22,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	190	95	95	275	125	155
Other Asian origins	440	215	225	1,765	905	865
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	440	215	230	1,770	905	860
Oceania origins	740	390	350	3,250	1,730	1,515
Australian	485	255	230	2,055	1,125	935
New Zealander	150	100	50	490	245	245
Pacific Islands origins	100	35	65	785	410	380
Fijian	30	0	25	70	25	40
Hawaiian	15	0	10	60	40	20
Maori	10	0	0	90	55	35
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	10	0	10	290	145	145
Samoan	25	15	10	15	15	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	15	10	10	295	155	145
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Owner	136,145	...	...	2,163,735	...	...
Renter	64,355	...	...	1,362,010	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	5,915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	200,495	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Condominium	21,785	...	...	413,325	...	...
Not condominium	178,710	...	...	3,118,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
No bedrooms	545	...	...	23,725	...	...
1 bedroom	21,930	...	...	573,370	...	...
2 bedrooms	42,440	...	...	1,100,310	...	...
3 bedrooms	87,165	...	...	1,157,300	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	48,415	...	...	676,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	45,170	...	...	1,258,215	...	...
5 rooms	28,780	...	...	620,935	...	...
6 rooms	32,915	...	...	432,090	...	...
7 rooms	29,095	...	...	403,255	...	...
8 or more rooms	64,530	...	...	817,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
One person or fewer per room	197,420	...	...	3,492,135	...	...
More than 1 person per room	3,075	...	...	39,530	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	200,495	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Suitable	191,555	...	...	3,398,910	...	...
Not suitable	8,945	...	...	132,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	200,495	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
1960 or before	40,530	...	...	894,495	...	...
1961 to 1980	57,055	...	...	1,116,760	...	...
1981 to 1990	29,330	...	...	503,495	...	...
1991 to 2000	27,320	...	...	369,020	...	...
2001 to 2005	18,415	...	...	196,830	...	...
2006 to 2010	15,310	...	...	241,545	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	12,535	...	...	209,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	190,425	...	...	3,304,625	...	...
Major repairs needed	10,070	...	...	227,040	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 household maintainer	108,870	...	...	2,221,970	...	...
2 household maintainers	85,955	...	...	1,264,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	5,670	...	...	45,500	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	200,495	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	7,505	...	...	119,495	...	...
25 to 34 years	31,540	...	...	498,070	...	...
35 to 44 years	36,570	...	...	603,840	...	...
45 to 54 years	43,280	...	...	682,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	37,845	...	...	731,390	...	...
65 to 74 years	25,095	...	...	541,630	...	...
75 to 84 years	13,650	...	...	270,280	...	...
85 years and over	5,020	...	...	84,680	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	199,640	...	...	3,496,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	152,655	...	...	2,763,105	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	46,985	...	...	733,355	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40,905	...	...	647,975	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135,570	...	...	2,141,690	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.9	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	14.6	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,344	...	...	983	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,381	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	349,737	...	...	250,302	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	393,896	...	...	290,484	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	64,310	...	...	1,358,265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.1	...	...	9.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	42.3	...	...	33.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	992	...	...	720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,051	...	...	775	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	423,865	208,350	215,510	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	77,185	38,430	38,755	1,323,070	674,955	648,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	122,855	61,195	61,660	1,426,980	674,820	752,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	223,825	108,730	115,100	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	26,905	19,305	7,600	1,120,730	681,515	439,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	12,300	7,460	4,840	806,585	435,090	371,495
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	14,605	11,850	2,760	314,145	246,425	67,720
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	89,735	38,755	50,970	1,165,515	506,775	658,740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,150	3,445	3,700	236,255	93,680	142,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	100,035	47,210	52,825	1,361,730	628,290	733,440
Bachelor's degree	66,380	30,075	36,305	872,060	384,275	487,790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	5,995	2,655	3,340	118,955	54,255	64,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,225	1,235	990	39,045	19,865	19,185
Master's degree	20,460	9,885	10,570	281,215	139,280	141,935
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	4,980	3,360	1,620	50,455	30,615	19,840
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	282,335	139,050	143,280	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	31,420	16,830	14,590	580,635	323,880	256,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	73,420	37,200	36,220	808,955	396,620	412,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	177,495	85,025	92,470	2,982,345	1,447,305	1,535,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,080	13,755	5,325	866,595	513,575	353,015
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	8,730	5,285	3,440	631,795	330,140	301,655
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	10,350	8,470	1,880	234,800	183,440	51,360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	71,620	31,170	40,450	832,430	367,185	465,245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,115	2,455	2,660	167,025	67,530	99,495
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	81,680	37,640	44,040	1,116,300	499,010	617,290
Bachelor's degree	53,140	23,765	29,370	712,935	308,760	404,175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,910	2,070	2,835	94,240	40,085	54,160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,775	870	905	30,775	13,505	17,270
Master's degree	17,790	8,320	9,470	238,300	113,895	124,410
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	4,065	2,615	1,455	40,050	22,780	17,270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	423,860	208,345	215,510	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	200,035	99,620	100,415	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,270
Education	11,560	2,610	8,945	273,320	62,470	210,845
13. Education	11,560	2,610	8,950	273,320	62,470	210,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	7,795	3,355	4,435	156,720	71,485	85,240
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,405	980	420	25,380	18,280	7,100
50. Visual and performing arts	6,390	2,380	4,010	131,340	53,200	78,140
Humanities	14,695	5,505	9,195	215,735	86,065	129,675
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,180	265	915	32,180	7,165	25,020
23. English language and literature/letters	3,895	1,025	2,870	12,900	4,060	8,835
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,115	975	2,140	103,120	42,685	60,435
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	120	45	75	880	395	485
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,215	605	610	10,400	6,650	3,755
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,985	1,155	835	10,125	6,200	3,930
54. History	2,435	1,315	1,120	17,055	9,990	7,065
55. French language and literature/letters	755	115	635	29,070	8,920	20,155
Social and behavioural sciences and law	27,310	8,555	18,750	380,995	125,025	255,975
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	310	65	250	4,315	1,165	3,150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,945	1,105	1,840	48,530	16,690	31,845
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	5,115	365	4,745	77,470	6,070	71,400
22. Legal professions and studies	3,325	960	2,360	67,185	25,785	41,395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	620	150	470	9,905	2,035	7,870
42. Psychology	4,960	1,245	3,715	57,335	14,030	43,305
45. Social sciences	10,035	4,665	5,370	116,255	59,245	57,015
Business, management and public administration	42,880	16,840	26,035	879,190	321,450	557,740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	90	25	65	815	300	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	4,025	715	3,315	47,715	10,490	37,225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	38,760	16,100	22,660	830,660	310,665	519,990
Physical and life sciences and technologies	9,335	4,690	4,645	140,990	76,780	64,215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,720	1,535	2,190	49,705	20,900	28,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,070	980	1,095	23,210	13,865	9,350
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	90	15	75	21,890	10,810	11,080
40. Physical sciences	3,080	2,020	1,060	39,060	27,545	11,515
41. Science technologies/technicians	375	140	235	7,120	3,660	3,465
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	12,700	8,420	4,280	152,105	104,850	47,255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	8,615	6,020	2,595	125,480	92,730	32,750
25. Library science	525	95	430	11,110	2,145	8,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,165	2,005	1,155	13,415	8,365	5,045
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	395	290	105	2,100	1,605	495
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	49,670	44,680	4,995	828,400	758,350	70,055
04. Architecture and related services	1,615	995	620	29,015	17,055	11,960
14. Engineering	13,185	10,685	2,505	150,450	124,585	25,865
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10,685	9,550	1,140	150,640	135,445	15,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	60	20	40
46. Construction trades	7,790	7,575	215	185,385	179,995	5,390
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,820	8,610	210	184,280	178,510	5,770
48. Precision production	7,570	7,270	300	128,580	122,750	5,830
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,105	2,365	1,735	85,485	56,900	28,585
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,335	1,315	1,025	51,770	30,870	20,900
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,770	1,055	715	33,715	26,025	7,690
Health and related fields	30,150	5,225	24,930	480,230	95,450	384,780
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,490	1,495	2,000	27,955	14,675	13,280
51. Health professions and related programs	26,040	3,365	22,675	441,105	74,630	366,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	620	365	255	11,160	6,140	5,020
Personal, protective and transportation services	13,255	6,435	6,820	290,005	151,070	138,935
12. Personal and culinary services	7,240	1,930	5,305	164,595	43,720	120,875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	25	0	290	270	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	85	65	20	1,345	1,245	100
43. Security and protective services	4,060	2,770	1,290	54,625	42,415	12,210
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,850	1,650	200	69,160	63,425	5,740
Other	375	45	330	1,055	375	680
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	375	45	330	1,055	375	675
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	282,335	139,055	143,280	4,371,935	2,167,805	2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	104,840	54,025	50,815	1,389,585	720,500	669,085
Education	8,615	1,855	6,760	180,615	37,990	142,625
13. Education	8,615	1,850	6,760	180,615	37,990	142,625
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,100	2,540	3,555	122,045	55,575	66,475
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	990	725	265	19,510	13,740	5,770
50. Visual and performing arts	5,110	1,815	3,295	102,535	41,830	60,705
Humanities	10,995	3,960	7,040	138,330	54,580	83,750
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	890	135	755	25,220	5,455	19,765
23. English language and literature/letters	3,025	755	2,270	9,585	2,990	6,595
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,290	725	1,570	57,730	25,305	32,430
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	70	20	50	600	255	350
38. Philosophy and religious studies	875	430	445	6,980	4,415	2,570
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,415	835	575	5,415	3,380	2,035
54. History	1,890	995	890	12,235	7,140	5,095
55. French language and literature/letters	530	50	485	20,555	5,640	14,915
Social and behavioural sciences and law	21,810	6,605	15,205	301,550	95,120	206,430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	245	40	205	3,550	925	2,620
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,485	935	1,560	40,275	13,900	26,370
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,000	255	3,750	63,120	4,295	58,825
22. Legal professions and studies	2,820	750	2,070	53,620	18,830	34,790
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	465	115	350	6,840	1,420	5,420
42. Psychology	3,830	875	2,955	44,540	10,255	34,285
45. Social sciences	7,955	3,635	4,320	89,610	45,495	44,110
Business, management and public administration	35,205	13,530	21,675	706,400	248,920	457,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	90	20	70	615	215	400
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,425	590	2,840	38,320	7,835	30,485
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	31,690	12,920	18,775	667,470	240,870	426,600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	7,190	3,555	3,630	92,480	49,390	43,090
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,930	1,175	1,755	40,895	16,635	24,260
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,545	745	795	12,450	7,435	5,015
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	75	10	65	4,175	2,385	1,785
40. Physical sciences	2,350	1,520	825	29,705	20,255	9,445
41. Science technologies/technicians	285	100	185	5,255	2,675	2,580
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	11,080	7,385	3,695	132,750	91,865	40,885
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	7,825	5,480	2,350	112,715	83,240	29,470
25. Library science	430	70	360	8,720	1,665	7,055
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,480	1,585	900	9,725	5,815	3,915
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	345	255	90	1,585	1,150	440
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	38,975	34,695	4,280	639,185	577,845	61,335
04. Architecture and related services	1,365	810	555	24,260	13,870	10,385
14. Engineering	10,970	8,795	2,170	126,835	103,165	23,665
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,565	7,600	965	116,595	103,710	12,885
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	50	15	30
46. Construction trades	5,780	5,595	185	134,865	130,350	4,510
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,590	6,420	165	139,935	135,155	4,780
48. Precision production	5,705	5,475	230	96,655	91,580	5,075
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,265	1,805	1,455	69,865	45,215	24,655
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,835	980	850	41,755	23,965	17,795
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,430	830	605	28,110	21,250	6,860
Health and related fields	23,475	3,950	19,525	368,600	72,245	296,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,690	1,115	1,575	22,660	11,635	11,030
51. Health professions and related programs	20,300	2,590	17,715	337,320	56,510	280,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	480	245	240	8,620	4,110	4,510
Personal, protective and transportation services	10,515	5,105	5,410	229,640	118,260	111,375
12. Personal and culinary services	5,500	1,375	4,130	129,245	32,830	96,410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	225	200	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	0	875	795	80
43. Security and protective services	3,380	2,270	1,115	42,550	32,575	9,975
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,590	1,425	165	56,750	51,860	4,890
Other	270	45	230	890	300	595
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	270	40	230	890	300	595
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	423,860	208,350	215,515	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	200,040	99,620	100,415	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	223,825	108,725	115,100	3,884,235	1,910,265	1,973,970
Location of study inside Canada	185,885	89,165	96,715	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880
Same as province or territory of residence	175,095	83,930	91,165	3,367,195	1,642,930	1,724,270
Different than province or territory of residence	10,790	5,240	5,550	142,415	73,800	68,610
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	37,940	19,560	18,380	374,620	193,530	181,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	5,420	2,920	2,500	28,320	16,915	11,410
Philippines	1,290	380	915	12,515	3,600	8,920
India	4,520	2,435	2,080	6,805	3,660	3,150
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	3,885	2,380	1,500	11,250	6,535	4,715
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	2,900	1,375	1,515	17,155	7,755	9,395
France	215	120	95	69,665	39,885	29,780
Other	19,715	9,940	9,775	228,905	115,185	113,725
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	282,335	139,050	143,280	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	104,835	54,025	50,810	1,389,590	720,505	669,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	177,495	85,030	92,470	2,982,350	1,447,305	1,535,045
Location of study inside Canada	148,660	70,875	77,785	2,676,230	1,293,455	1,382,780
Same as province or territory of residence	140,105	66,695	73,405	2,567,605	1,238,320	1,329,280
Different than province or territory of residence	8,560	4,180	4,380	108,630	55,125	53,500
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	28,835	14,150	14,685	306,115	153,850	152,265
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	4,245	2,200	2,045	19,655	11,145	8,505
Philippines	1,155	330	825	10,545	2,935	7,610
India	3,600	1,840	1,760	4,865	2,465	2,400
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	2,115	1,210	905	7,390	4,245	3,145
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	2,365	1,115	1,255	15,420	6,865	8,550
France	155	85	65	57,315	32,115	25,205
Other	15,200	7,370	7,830	190,930	94,085	96,850
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	423,865	208,345	215,510	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
In the labour force	290,430	151,985	138,445	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Employed	271,875	142,595	129,275	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220
Unemployed	18,555	9,390	9,165	306,170	177,630	128,540
Not in the labour force	133,430	56,360	77,070	2,378,780	1,045,300	1,333,480
Participation rate	68.5	72.9	64.2	64.1	67.9	60.5
Employment rate	64.1	68.4	60.0	59.5	62.5	56.7
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.2	6.6	7.2	8.0	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	423,860	208,350	215,510	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	124,210	51,935	72,270	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655
Worked	299,655	156,410	143,245	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,585
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	164,860	94,335	70,525	2,084,020	1,145,805	938,215
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	134,795	62,075	72,725	2,321,945	1,146,575	1,175,375
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.2	42.9	42.5	42.7	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	290,430	151,985	138,440	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	101,485	51,640	49,850
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	285,035	149,375	135,660	4,154,015	2,163,095	1,990,915
Employee	257,070	132,410	124,665	3,664,920	1,863,740	1,801,185
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	27,955	16,965	10,995	489,090	299,355	189,730
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	290,430	151,985	138,440	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	101,490	51,640	49,850
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	285,030	149,375	135,655	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
0 Management occupations	30,210	18,590	11,620	418,450	263,585	154,875
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	42,510	12,475	30,035	677,390	210,525	466,865
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	24,625	19,190	5,430	286,270	222,375	63,895
3 Health occupations	15,805	2,490	13,315	295,765	57,160	238,610
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	31,340	10,150	21,190	502,945	147,145	355,795
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	7,480	3,165	4,320	135,730	64,370	71,365
6 Sales and service occupations	63,915	26,230	37,685	988,610	449,820	538,790
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40,350	37,770	2,580	574,675	544,100	30,570
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,240	3,105	1,135	67,290	55,610	11,685
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	24,555	16,210	8,345	206,875	148,405	58,475
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	290,425	151,985	138,440	4,255,495	2,214,735	2,040,765
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	101,490	51,635	49,850
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	285,035	149,375	135,655	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,165	1,880	1,290	84,060	60,460	23,595
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	385	335	50	20,920	18,175	2,745
22 Utilities	1,070	840	225	28,410	20,650	7,755
23 Construction	18,820	16,600	2,220	254,055	223,770	30,285
31-33 Manufacturing	45,950	32,560	13,390	458,315	332,080	126,240
41 Wholesale trade	11,840	8,245	3,590	157,365	104,885	52,475
44-45 Retail trade	31,215	14,580	16,630	508,170	239,625	268,545
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	11,930	8,925	3,005	187,550	142,550	45,000
51 Information and cultural industries	8,115	4,600	3,515	100,775	59,705	41,070
52 Finance and insurance	17,605	6,420	11,180	165,140	66,175	98,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,720	2,460	2,260	61,380	36,505	24,875
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	21,650	12,640	9,010	288,715	161,030	127,685
55 Management of companies and enterprises	470	230	235	3,305	1,270	2,035
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,905	6,740	5,165	176,185	108,280	67,905
61 Educational services	24,530	8,390	16,140	306,575	96,170	210,405
62 Health care and social assistance	27,745	4,205	23,535	532,680	99,380	433,295
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,630	2,360	2,270	84,130	44,235	39,895
72 Accommodation and food services	18,575	7,090	11,485	278,500	123,235	155,265
81 Other services (except public administration)	10,720	5,185	5,535	193,700	89,455	104,245
91 Public administration	10,000	5,080	4,915	264,085	135,455	128,630
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	271,875	142,595	129,275	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220
Worked at home	17,325	8,125	9,200	266,285	134,325	131,960
Worked outside Canada	1,110	780	330	10,600	7,580	3,020
No fixed workplace address	25,865	19,165	6,700	351,595	265,405	86,185
Worked at usual place	227,580	114,535	113,045	3,320,850	1,629,795	1,691,050
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	227,580	114,535	113,050	3,320,845	1,629,795	1,691,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	108,645	49,415	59,235	1,732,155	810,895	921,260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80,555	41,170	39,385	485,450	234,700	250,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	37,790	23,595	14,190	1,037,125	549,095	488,030
Commute to a different province or territory	590	355	240	66,125	35,110	31,015
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	253,445	133,700	119,745	3,672,445	1,895,200	1,777,240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	205,190	111,175	94,015	2,739,405	1,475,775	1,263,625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	17,070	7,450	9,615	133,760	51,045	82,715
Public transit	15,280	6,855	8,425	503,285	217,465	285,820
Walked	11,095	5,050	6,045	205,350	93,595	111,760
Bicycle	2,830	2,155	670	54,625	36,470	18,155
Other method	1,985	1,005	975	36,010	20,845	15,170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	253,445	133,695	119,750	3,672,440	1,895,200	1,777,240
Less than 15 minutes	75,895	36,085	39,810	1,035,455	493,225	542,235
15 to 29 minutes	107,895	55,470	52,430	1,200,455	617,010	583,445
30 to 44 minutes	39,515	22,810	16,705	777,955	425,640	352,310
45 to 59 minutes	13,130	7,960	5,175	343,540	184,440	159,100
60 minutes and over	17,005	11,375	5,630	315,035	174,875	140,160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	253,445	133,700	119,745	3,672,440	1,895,205	1,777,240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	18,815	13,300	5,520	256,150	192,835	63,315
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	44,475	29,235	15,245	675,585	420,120	255,465
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60,975	30,530	30,435	1,133,510	527,925	605,580
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	56,200	24,160	32,030	714,935	296,300	418,630
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	27,840	12,145	15,690	349,845	148,715	201,125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45,145	24,325	20,820	542,425	309,295	233,125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	308,800	160,875	147,925	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655
Single responses	306,650	159,920	146,735	4,187,865	2,169,480	2,018,385
Official languages	303,860	158,470	145,390	4,153,710	2,152,290	2,001,420
English	302,965	158,250	144,710	541,720	294,935	246,780
French	895	210	680	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,640
Non-official languages	2,795	1,450	1,340	34,160	17,190	16,970
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	12,670	6,180	6,490
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	8,350	4,095	4,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	8,285	4,060	4,220
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,100	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	1,800	840	960
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	210	105	100
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	35	20	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,145	2,515	2,630
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	30
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	4,305	2,080	2,220
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	4,290	2,075	2,215
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,790	1,450	1,345	21,490	11,005	10,480
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	105	35	1,895	1,125	775
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	105	35	1,860	1,110	745
Amharic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	130	100	25	1,715	1,045	665
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	140	70	70
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	145	60	90	1,725	850	870
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	315	140	175
Vietnamese	145	60	90	1,410	710	695
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	135	65	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	115	50	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	275	90	190
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	265	90	175
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	150	75	75
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	145	75	70
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-European languages	1,685	865	825	10,165	5,255	4,910
Albanian	20	15	0	30	20	10
Armenian	0	0	0	275	130	145
Balto-Slavic languages	155	60	95	1,130	500	635
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages	155	60	100	1,115	495	625
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	10	30	170	65	105
Russian	25	10	20	735	340	395
Serbian	50	25	25	10	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	110	35	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	880	410	470	1,285	575	715
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dutch	85	35	50	25	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	775	360	415	370	170	195
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	860	375	485
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	525	260	270
Indo-Iranian languages	245	115	125	1,385	780	600
Indo-Aryan languages	200	95	105	680	390	295
Bengali	10	0	10	110	70	35
Gujarati	25	15	10	20	0	10
Hindi	15	0	10	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	20	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	60	35	415	225	190
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	15	30	85	50	35
Iranian languages	45	20	20	700	395	305
Kurdish	15	10	0	15	0	15
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	15
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	675	385	285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	250	135	5,525	2,990	2,540
Catalan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Italian	0	0	0	590	315	275
Portuguese	185	125	60	635	365	270
Romanian	35	20	15	320	140	175
Spanish	160	105	50	3,975	2,165	1,810
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15	235	80	150
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	150	85	65	300	150	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	20	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	25	205	60	140
American Sign Language	40	15	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	125	20	110
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	70	45	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	545	285	260	6,070	3,125	2,945
Chinese languages	540	280	260	6,075	3,130	2,950
Cantonese	105	60	50	2,655	1,325	1,330
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	390	205	190	3,100	1,630	1,465
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	70	40	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	15	235	130	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	25	10	110	40	75
Lao	20	15	0	55	25	30
Thai	0	10	0	55	10	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	110	60	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	110	55	55
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	15	40	10	40
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	0	10	35	0	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple responses	2,145	960	1,190	341,900	182,635	159,265
English and French	595	170	425	315,620	169,365	146,255
English and non-official language	1,520	780	745	6,545	3,655	2,890
French and non-official language	0	0	0	7,525	3,460	4,065
English, French and non-official language	30	10	25	12,205	6,160	6,055
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	308,800	160,875	147,925	4,529,770	2,352,110	2,177,655
None	297,910	155,830	142,080	3,107,035	1,588,345	1,518,690
English	1,775	745	1,025	1,031,380	555,940	475,440
French	3,145	1,175	1,960	317,490	169,785	147,705
Non-official language	5,780	3,060	2,720	49,850	25,900	23,950
Aboriginal	10	10	10	4,985	2,285	2,705
Non-Aboriginal	5,775	3,060	2,715	44,865	23,620	21,245
English and French	0	0	0	2,185	1,040	1,140
English and non-official language	25	15	10	14,910	7,255	7,655
French and non-official language	165	40	120	6,855	3,795	3,055
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	50	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	510,295	252,615	257,680	7,880,315	3,897,740	3,982,575
Non-movers	438,495	216,800	221,690	6,965,520	3,447,320	3,518,195
Movers	71,805	35,810	35,985	914,800	450,420	464,380
Non-migrants	40,335	20,145	20,190	547,410	269,850	277,560
Migrants	31,460	15,665	15,795	367,385	180,565	186,820
Internal migrants	25,105	12,485	12,620	305,465	149,335	156,135
Intraprovincial migrants	22,540	11,170	11,365	284,280	137,945	146,330
Interprovincial migrants	2,565	1,310	1,255	21,190	11,385	9,805
External migrants	6,355	3,185	3,175	61,920	31,235	30,685
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	486,690	240,610	246,080	7,520,960	3,714,155	3,806,805
Non-movers	295,775	145,570	150,205	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065
Movers	190,915	95,040	95,870	2,695,090	1,325,345	1,369,740
Non-migrants	103,905	51,525	52,380	1,507,665	741,220	766,440
Migrants	87,010	43,510	43,495	1,187,425	584,125	603,295
Internal migrants	67,420	33,545	33,875	949,170	464,830	484,340
Intraprovincial migrants	61,770	30,680	31,090	893,800	436,525	457,270
Interprovincial migrants	5,650	2,865	2,785	55,370	28,300	27,070
External migrants	19,585	9,970	9,620	238,250	119,295	118,960