Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cheam 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fraser Valley, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cheam 1, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Fraser Valley, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Cheam 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Cheam 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Fraser Valley, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	202	...	...	295,934	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	223	...	...	277,593	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-9.4	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	77	...	...	116,080	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	72	...	...	108,393	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	57.8	...	...	22.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.50	...	...	13,335.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	205	105	95	295,935	146,640	149,295
0 to 14 years	50	30	25	53,540	27,735	25,810
0 to 4 years	15	10	5	17,130	8,830	8,305
5 to 9 years	20	10	10	18,490	9,585	8,905
10 to 14 years	15	10	5	17,920	9,315	8,605
15 to 64 years	130	70	65	189,095	94,145	94,950
15 to 19 years	15	5	5	17,990	9,195	8,795
20 to 24 years	20	10	10	17,730	9,170	8,560
25 to 29 years	15	5	10	17,485	8,845	8,640
30 to 34 years	10	5	0	18,970	9,435	9,535
35 to 39 years	20	10	5	17,940	8,860	9,080
40 to 44 years	15	10	10	18,040	8,895	9,145
45 to 49 years	5	5	5	19,280	9,530	9,745
50 to 54 years	15	10	5	21,275	10,610	10,670
55 to 59 years	10	0	10	21,280	10,395	10,890
60 to 64 years	10	5	5	19,100	9,205	9,895
65 years and over	20	5	10	53,300	24,760	28,540
65 to 69 years	5	0	0	17,340	8,305	9,035
70 to 74 years	5	5	5	12,800	6,250	6,550
75 to 79 years	5	0	5	9,335	4,365	4,970
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	6,770	3,190	3,580
85 years and over	0	0	0	7,050	2,645	4,405
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	4,385	1,795	2,590
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	2,045	685	1,360
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	535	150	385
100 years and over	0	0	0	85	15	65
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	24.4	28.6	26.3	18.1	18.9	17.3
15 to 64 years	63.4	66.7	68.4	63.9	64.2	63.6
65 years and over	9.8	4.8	10.5	18.0	16.9	19.1
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.4	1.8	3.0
Average age of the population	32.6	30.7	34.6	40.9	40.0	41.8
Median age of the population	29.7	26.3	32.5	41.2	40.0	42.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	70	...	...	108,395	...	...
Single-detached house	60	...	...	56,555	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,330	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15	...	...	48,215	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	3,095	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	10,015	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	14,460	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	20,500	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	145	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	2,295	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	70	...	...	108,390	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	26,815	...	...
2 persons	25	...	...	37,445	...	...
3 persons	15	...	...	15,400	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	14,690	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	14,040	...	...
Number of persons in private households	200	...	...	288,760	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	150	75	75	242,395	118,905	123,490
Married or living common law	45	25	25	145,645	73,145	72,505
Married	20	5	10	126,115	63,435	62,680
Living common law	30	15	15	19,530	9,710	9,820
Not married and not living common law	100	50	50	96,750	45,760	50,985
Never married	80	45	30	59,240	32,755	26,485
Separated	10	5	5	7,315	3,300	4,020
Divorced	5	0	0	15,720	6,440	9,285
Widowed	10	0	10	14,470	3,270	11,205
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	50	...	...	83,265	...	...
2 persons	30	...	...	42,820	...	...
3 persons	15	...	...	16,255	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	15,765	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	8,415	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	50	...	...	83,260	...	...
Total couple families	20	...	...	70,475	...	...
Married couples	10	...	...	60,710	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	9,765	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	30	...	...	12,790	...	...
Female parent	20	...	...	9,995	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	2,795	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	70,475	...	...
Couples without children	10	...	...	35,255	...	...
Couples with children	10	...	...	35,220	...	...
1 child	0	...	...	12,555	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	14,670	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	7,995	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	12,790	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	7,570	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	3,705	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	1,515	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	55	25	30	45,605	21,725	23,875
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	75	...	...	108,390	...	...
One-census-family households	45	...	...	72,640	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5	...	...	30,785	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	35	...	...	41,860	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	5,060	...	...
Non-census-family households	25	...	...	30,695	...	...
One-person households	15	...	...	26,815	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	3,880	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	195	105	95	291,110	143,595	147,515
English only	200	100	95	268,855	133,880	134,975
French only	0	0	0	65	30	35
English and French	5	0	0	13,175	5,735	7,440
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	9,015	3,945	5,065
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	195	100	95	291,110	143,595	147,515
English	195	100	100	279,050	138,090	140,960
French	0	0	0	2,495	1,300	1,200
English and French	0	0	0	670	315	350
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	8,885	3,890	5,000
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	2,830	1,460	1,375
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.0	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	200	100	95	291,110	143,595	147,515
Single responses	200	100	95	286,090	141,195	144,895
Official languages	190	100	90	224,050	111,130	112,920
English	190	100	90	221,235	109,680	111,550
French	0	0	0	2,815	1,450	1,370
Non-official languages	5	0	0	62,040	30,065	31,980
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	210	95	120
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	15	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	0	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	120	60	65
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	5
Halkomelem	5	0	0	35	15	20
Lillooet	0	0	0	60	30	30
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	61,830	29,970	31,860
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	600	335	265
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	585	320	260
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	490	270	220
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	35	15	20
Maltese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,230	575	655
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	45	20	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,190	555	635
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,740	665	1,080
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	95	30	60
Fijian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	90	40	50
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	60	20	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,415	535	885
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	30	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	180	95	90
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	45	50
Tamil	0	0	0	40	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	51,725	25,300	26,425
Albanian	0	0	0	135	65	60
Armenian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	2,770	1,275	1,495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,735	1,265	1,475
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Croatian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Czech	0	0	0	240	115	130
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	710	330	380
Russian	0	0	0	745	315	430
Serbian	0	0	0	85	50	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	135	65	70
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	505	235	270
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	12,500	5,830	6,670
Afrikaans	0	0	0	250	115	135
Danish	0	0	0	320	155	165
Dutch	0	0	0	3,415	1,650	1,765
Frisian	0	0	0	70	40	35
German	0	0	0	8,155	3,745	4,410
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	5	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	120	55	65
Swedish	0	0	0	120	50	65
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	150	90	60
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	32,635	16,250	16,385
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	32,155	15,990	16,165
Bengali	0	0	0	30	20	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	115	60	50
Hindi	0	0	0	775	360	420
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	5	5
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30,845	15,345	15,500
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	55	25	25
Urdu	0	0	0	285	145	135
Iranian languages	0	0	0	455	250	205
Kurdish	0	0	0	65	35	25
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	380	210	170
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	3,480	1,750	1,735
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	430	240	190
Portuguese	0	0	0	385	180	205
Romanian	0	0	0	580	305	280
Spanish	0	5	0	2,080	1,025	1,055
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	395	145	245
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,725	815	910
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	175	90	85
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	55	30	30
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Dinka	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	80	45	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	55	25	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,610	1,240	1,370
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,585	1,220	1,365
Cantonese	0	0	0	770	390	380
Hakka	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,515	685	825
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	100	45	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	145	65	80
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	305	130	170
Lao	0	0	0	225	115	115
Thai	0	0	0	80	25	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	60	40	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	855	420	430
Estonian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Finnish	0	0	0	250	110	140
Hungarian	0	5	0	575	300	275
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple responses	0	0	0	5,020	2,405	2,615
English and French	0	0	0	500	210	295
English and non-official language	5	0	5	4,360	2,115	2,240
French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	35	40
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	80	45	40
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	200	100	95	291,110	143,595	147,510
Single responses	195	100	100	279,575	137,930	141,645
Official languages	195	100	95	245,850	121,345	124,505
English	195	100	95	245,345	121,110	124,230
French	0	0	0	510	240	275
Non-official languages	5	5	5	33,730	16,590	17,140
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	5	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	33,700	16,575	17,125
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	320	160	160
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages	0	0	0	320	160	160
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	285	145	145
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	840	380	460
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	830	375	455
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	580	275	300
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	505	240	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	20	35
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	5	0	28,210	13,930	14,275
Albanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	860	415	445
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	855	415	440
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	55	30	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	225	115	110
Russian	0	0	0	375	170	205
Serbian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,525	690	835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	125	55	70
Danish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dutch	0	0	0	285	130	155
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	1,070	480	590
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	24,355	12,060	12,295
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	24,090	11,920	12,175
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hindi	0	0	0	385	185	195
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	23,470	11,620	11,850
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Urdu	0	0	0	150	70	75
Iranian languages	0	0	0	250	130	120
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	210	110	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,370	725	640
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Romanian	0	0	0	280	140	145
Spanish	0	0	0	975	535	440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	155	75	75
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,365	630	735
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Dinka	0	0	0	15	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	40	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,600	805	795
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,580	795	785
Cantonese	0	0	0	415	215	200
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,050	520	530
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	35	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	125	60	60
Lao	0	0	0	100	50	50
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	180	90	90
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	130	65	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	11,530	5,665	5,870
English and French	0	0	0	285	120	170
English and non-official language	0	0	0	11,075	5,475	5,600
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	140	55	80
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	195	100	95	291,110	143,595	147,515
None	195	100	95	263,865	130,370	133,490
English	0	0	0	11,135	5,640	5,500
French	0	0	0	1,870	805	1,065
Non-official language	5	0	5	13,890	6,610	7,280
Aboriginal	5	0	5	175	80	95
Non-Aboriginal	5	0	0	13,720	6,535	7,180
English and French	0	0	0	50	25	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	150	75	75
French and non-official language	0	0	0	140	65	80
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	145	75	75	235,305	114,870	120,435
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	226,045	110,645	115,400
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	30,526	39,569	24,367
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	226,310	110,860	115,450
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	27,880	34,786	23,230
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	199,380	100,195	99,180
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	28,802	38,827	21,258
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	163,665	70,440	93,225
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	6,591	5,765	6,861
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	168,460	87,215	81,245
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	29,260	39,040	21,980
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	145	70	75	235,305	114,870	120,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	226,015	110,525	115,490
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	40,277	48,839	32,084
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	226,265	110,715	115,550
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,428	40,569	28,544
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	199,115	99,960	99,160
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	39,033	48,400	29,591
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	163,660	70,465	93,195
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	8,132	7,942	8,276
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	168,460	87,130	81,330
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	38,291	46,845	29,127
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	235,305	114,870	120,435
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	71,280	42,880	28,405
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	50,102	57,405	42,163
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	57,004	63,563	47,102
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	85.4	89.6	79.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	70.9	75.7	63.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	14.6	10.4	20.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	235,305	114,865	120,430
Without total income	x	x	x	9,260	4,225	5,035
With total income	x	x	x	226,040	110,645	115,400
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.1	96.3	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	33,060	13,235	19,820
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	44,570	16,800	27,770
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	33,720	13,450	20,270
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	27,580	12,385	15,195
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	22,545	11,370	11,175
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	17,395	10,090	7,310
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	12,680	8,295	4,380
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	9,775	6,705	3,065
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	7,645	5,270	2,375
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	5,085	3,605	1,480
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	11,995	9,440	2,550
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	8,900	6,945	1,955
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	3,095	2,500	590
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	235,305	114,865	120,435
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	8,990	4,005	4,980
With after-tax income	x	x	x	226,310	110,860	115,450
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.2	96.5	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	34,300	13,940	20,360
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	46,845	18,115	28,730
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	39,440	16,135	23,305
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	31,620	14,905	16,720
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	24,305	13,365	10,940
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	16,960	10,825	6,135
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	11,935	8,215	3,715
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	8,355	5,745	2,610
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	12,540	9,610	2,930
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	4,645	3,410	1,225
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,670	2,060	610
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	5,230	4,140	1,090
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	235,305	114,870	120,435
Without employment income	x	x	x	66,840	27,655	39,190
With employment income	x	x	x	168,460	87,215	81,240
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	71.6	75.9	67.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	27,115	12,265	14,850
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	14,005	5,435	8,570
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	24,505	9,815	14,690
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	20,075	8,500	11,580
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	17,855	8,355	9,500
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	15,625	8,120	7,500
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	12,580	7,655	4,925
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	9,610	6,595	3,020
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	7,680	5,440	2,235
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	19,400	15,030	4,370
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	6,265	4,440	1,825
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	4,050	2,985	1,070
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	9,085	7,610	1,475
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	75	...	...	108,395	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	26,240	...	...	69,289	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	25,728	...	...	61,150	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	26,815	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	31,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	28,646	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	81,580	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,487	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	108,390	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,983	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	71,866	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	26,810	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	39,489	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	34,059	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	81,585	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	98,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,290	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	108,390	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	1,650	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	1,270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	3,045	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	4,455	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	4,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	4,215	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	4,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	4,750	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	4,535	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	4,625	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	8,600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	7,950	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	7,605	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	6,970	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	6,355	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	32,740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	12,040	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	7,925	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	7,895	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	4,880	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	108,395	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	1,745	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	1,305	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	3,090	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	4,590	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	5,455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	5,050	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	5,705	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	5,450	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	5,445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	5,290	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	10,010	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	9,075	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	8,570	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	7,515	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	6,130	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	23,975	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	10,815	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	6,130	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	7,025	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	79,080	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,914	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	73,658	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	30,185	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	73,149	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	64,705	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	3.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	35,120	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	105,391	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	91,709	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	5.5	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	11,260	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	47,447	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	43,813	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	79,030	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	97,796	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,521	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	30,180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	88,288	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,677	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	35,235	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	117,977	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	100,784	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	11,160	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	57,866	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	51,195	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	37,665	18,390	19,280
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	28,727	32,022	26,465
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	26,395	28,770	24,947
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	37,465	18,290	19,175
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	36,695	39,804	33,730
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	31,750	33,611	29,976
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	288,760	142,560	146,205
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	156,480	74,990	81,485
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	29,160	13,880	15,280
In the second decile	x	x	x	30,280	13,690	16,585
In the third decile	x	x	x	30,805	14,680	16,130
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	33,555	16,520	17,035
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	32,675	16,220	16,455
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	132,285	67,570	64,715
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	31,440	15,870	15,570
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	29,345	14,905	14,445
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	27,900	14,215	13,680
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	25,140	12,970	12,175
In the top decile	x	x	x	18,455	9,610	8,850
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	280,900	138,715	142,185
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	62,545	32,300	30,250
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	20,175	10,390	9,785
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	171,365	84,215	87,155
65 years and over	x	x	x	46,990	22,200	24,790
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	39,235	18,000	21,230
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	10,690	5,545	5,145
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	3,385	1,785	1,600
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	21,655	9,745	11,910
65 years and over	x	x	x	6,885	2,705	4,175
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	14.0	13.0	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	17.1	17.2	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	16.8	17.2	16.4
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	12.6	11.6	13.7
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	14.7	12.2	16.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	20,885	10,005	10,885
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	5,495	2,820	2,675
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	1,655	850	810
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	14,045	6,630	7,415
65 years and over	x	x	x	1,350	550	795
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	7.4	7.2	7.7
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.8	8.7	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.2	8.2	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	8.2	7.9	8.5
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	2.9	2.5	3.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	200	100	95	288,765	142,560	146,200
Official languages	200	100	95	279,790	138,660	141,130
English	200	100	100	279,695	138,615	141,080
French	10	10	0	13,160	5,685	7,480
Non-official languages	10	0	10	74,120	35,860	38,255
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	400	165	230
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	50	15	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	10	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	10	265	105	160
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	115	35	80
Lillooet	0	0	0	95	45	50
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Squamish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	73,725	35,700	38,025
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,015	580	430
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,000	585	420
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	835	485	350
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	25	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	95	60	30
Maltese	0	0	0	30	15	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,395	685	710
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	75	45	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,325	640	685
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	2,280	810	1,470
Bikol	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	140	35	105
Fijian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	20	40
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	95	45	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	2,105	720	1,385
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	150	95	55
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	20
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	70	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	220	100	115
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	40	45
Tamil	0	0	0	115	65	55
Telugu	0	0	0	45	15	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	61,445	30,080	31,365
Albanian	0	0	0	210	105	100
Armenian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	3,265	1,510	1,760
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic languages	10	10	0	3,240	1,500	1,745
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	120	60	60
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Croatian	0	0	0	155	80	75
Czech	0	0	0	285	135	150
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	800	335	465
Russian	10	0	0	1,015	450	565
Serbian	0	0	0	160	85	70
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovak	0	0	0	220	120	100
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	35	25	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	635	285	345
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	25	15	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	14,215	6,665	7,550
Afrikaans	0	0	0	450	215	235
Danish	0	0	0	345	155	185
Dutch	0	0	0	4,060	1,940	2,125
Frisian	0	0	0	110	60	50
German	0	0	0	9,160	4,340	4,830
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	0	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	170	75	95
Swedish	0	0	0	190	85	110
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	280	175	110
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	37,770	18,960	18,810
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	37,445	18,770	18,675
Bengali	0	0	0	25	20	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	175	105	65
Hindi	0	0	0	4,620	2,240	2,385
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	10
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	20	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35,980	18,055	17,925
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	105	60	50
Urdu	0	0	0	555	300	260
Iranian languages	0	0	0	355	200	155
Kurdish	0	0	0	75	45	30
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	300	160	130
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	15	30
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	6,685	3,175	3,515
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	850	425	420
Portuguese	0	0	0	655	340	320
Romanian	0	0	0	625	290	335
Spanish	10	0	0	4,780	2,225	2,555
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	860	400	465
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	2,010	950	1,060
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	375	190	190
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	25	10	15
Swahili	0	0	0	130	65	70
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	80	35	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	70	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dinka	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	0	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	510	185	335
American Sign Language	0	0	0	235	90	140
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	275	90	190
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,995	1,445	1,555
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,950	1,410	1,535
Cantonese	0	0	0	950	455	500
Hakka	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,090	965	1,130
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	135	65	70
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	140	75	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	50	35	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	50	35	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	505	235	265
Lao	0	0	0	385	200	190
Thai	0	0	0	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	130	85	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	115	75	40
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	805	365	440
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	20
Finnish	0	0	0	265	125	140
Hungarian	0	0	0	515	235	280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	288,760	142,560	146,205
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	270,000	133,545	136,455
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	62,475	32,370	30,105
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	207,530	101,180	106,350
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	18,760	9,015	9,745
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	288,760	142,560	146,205
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	227,165	113,170	113,995
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	58,800	27,955	30,850
Before 1981	0	0	0	19,020	9,170	9,850
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	6,535	3,080	3,455
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	11,675	5,535	6,145
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	14,430	6,735	7,690
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	6,735	3,115	3,625
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	7,690	3,625	4,065
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	7,140	3,430	3,705
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	2,790	1,435	1,360
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	58,800	27,955	30,850
Under 5 years	0	0	0	5,310	2,575	2,730
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	9,370	4,865	4,505
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	16,065	7,050	9,015
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	19,730	9,740	9,995
45 years and over	0	0	0	8,330	3,720	4,605
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	58,805	27,955	30,850
Americas	0	0	0	6,575	2,855	3,725
Brazil	0	0	0	265	110	155
Colombia	0	0	0	170	70	95
El Salvador	0	0	0	460	220	245
Guyana	0	0	0	75	40	35
Haiti	0	0	0	95	60	35
Jamaica	0	0	0	165	95	70
Mexico	0	0	0	405	180	225
Peru	0	0	0	80	25	55
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	115	65	45
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	3,065	1,210	1,855
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,685	780	910
Europe	0	0	0	18,515	9,025	9,490
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	105	55	55
Croatia	0	0	0	75	50	25
France	0	0	0	165	75	95
Germany	0	0	0	2,445	1,215	1,230
Greece	0	0	0	100	60	40
Hungary	0	0	0	290	145	140
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	250	90	160
Italy	0	0	0	290	145	140
Netherlands	0	0	0	2,910	1,465	1,450
Poland	0	0	0	765	335	435
Portugal	0	0	0	150	80	70
Romania	0	0	0	530	235	300
Russian Federation	0	0	0	585	260	325
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	90	40	40
Ukraine	0	0	0	580	270	310
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	7,010	3,490	3,525
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	2,175	1,010	1,160
Africa	0	0	0	1,710	850	855
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	110	70	45
Ethiopia	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kenya	0	0	0	170	80	90
Morocco	0	0	0	40	30	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	115	65	50
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	645	310	335
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	580	275	305
Asia	0	0	0	31,055	14,725	16,325
Afghanistan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,145	530	615
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	240	105	135
India	0	0	0	22,520	10,870	11,655
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	180	90	85
Iraq	0	0	0	145	80	65
Japan	0	0	0	260	100	165
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	1,250	600	655
Lebanon	0	0	0	45	30	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	340	185	155
Philippines	0	0	0	2,010	685	1,325
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	130	70	60
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	140	70	70
Taiwan	0	0	0	260	110	145
Viet Nam	0	0	0	910	425	485
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,435	750	690
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	945	500	450
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	7,140	3,435	3,710
Americas	0	0	0	645	295	345
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	15	15	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	55	35	25
Mexico	0	0	0	70	30	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	345	150	200
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	100	40	60
Europe	0	0	0	645	360	280
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	50	15	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	10	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	25	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	270	190	85
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	190	90	100
Africa	0	0	0	245	110	135
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	20	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	55	30	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	110	40	70
Asia	0	0	0	5,515	2,625	2,890
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	235	105	135
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	3,780	1,860	1,925
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	45	15	30
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	340	145	200
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	60	35	30
Philippines	0	0	0	685	305	380
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	40	15	20
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	115	60	55
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	15	45
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	60	35	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Australia	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	195	100	95	288,765	142,560	146,200
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	15	10	0	63,420	30,275	33,135
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15	10	10	69,885	35,235	34,645
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	170	90	80	155,460	77,040	78,415
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	40,625	19,205	21,420
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	12,665	6,395	6,275
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	5,070	3,240	1,830
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	7,600	3,155	4,440
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	24,890	11,070	13,820
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,900	1,665	1,230
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	165	70	90
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	200	100	95	288,765	142,560	146,205
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	185	95	90	22,205	10,590	11,615
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	185	90	90	21,565	10,290	11,280
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	185	90	95	13,705	6,665	7,035
Métis	0	0	0	7,785	3,600	4,185
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	75	20	55
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	390	210	175
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	250	90	160
Non-Aboriginal identity	15	10	10	266,560	131,970	134,585
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	200	100	95	288,765	142,555	146,200
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	180	95	95	9,895	4,715	5,180
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15	10	0	278,865	137,840	141,025
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	200	100	100	288,760	142,560	146,205
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	85	35	50	6,560	3,290	3,270
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	85	35	50	6,460	3,235	3,225
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	85	35	45	5,530	2,835	2,690
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	915	400	520
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	110	55	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	80	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	100	55	40	17,300	8,140	9,165
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	95	60	40	16,660	7,880	8,785
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	95	60	35	10,535	4,985	5,550
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	6,020	2,850	3,175
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	105	45	55
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	10	640	260	375
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	630	255	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	15	10	10	264,895	131,125	133,770
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	195	105	100	288,765	142,555	146,205
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	58,535	28,930	29,600
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	39,920	20,140	19,785
Chinese	0	0	0	3,660	1,785	1,880
Black	0	0	0	2,495	1,255	1,240
Filipino	0	0	0	2,700	1,005	1,695
Latin American	0	0	0	2,050	930	1,120
Arab	0	0	0	505	300	210
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	2,285	1,170	1,115
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	355	225	130
Korean	0	0	0	2,135	1,005	1,125
Japanese	0	0	0	905	410	495
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	405	200	210
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	1,110	515	600
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	195	100	95	230,230	113,630	116,600
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	195	100	95	288,760	142,555	146,205
North American Aboriginal origins	185	95	90	23,865	11,430	12,430
First Nations (North American Indian)	180	90	90	16,805	8,135	8,670
Inuit	0	0	0	145	65	85
Métis	0	0	0	7,660	3,555	4,110
Other North American origins	20	15	10	67,860	33,840	34,020
Acadian	0	0	0	270	130	140
American	0	0	10	5,100	2,475	2,620
Canadian	20	10	10	64,265	32,075	32,185
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	85	50	35
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	80	30	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	70	35	35
European origins	85	50	40	202,095	98,895	103,195
British Isles origins	50	30	20	125,040	60,825	64,220
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	0
English	15	10	0	77,230	37,045	40,185
Irish	30	15	10	42,455	19,670	22,785
Manx	0	0	0	45	25	25
Scottish	15	10	10	55,395	26,770	28,630
Welsh	10	10	0	6,855	3,140	3,720
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	7,670	3,785	3,885
French origins	15	10	0	26,890	12,620	14,265
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15	10	10	26,885	12,620	14,265
Western European origins (except French origins)	15	10	10	84,185	41,075	43,110
Austrian	0	0	0	3,195	1,440	1,755
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	1,110	520	590
Dutch	0	0	0	31,405	15,460	15,950
Flemish	0	0	0	190	85	105
Frisian	0	0	0	230	115	120
German	15	0	10	56,855	27,620	29,235
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	10	15
Swiss	0	0	0	1,940	875	1,070
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	24,135	11,565	12,575
Danish	0	0	0	4,355	2,135	2,215
Finnish	0	0	0	2,350	1,180	1,170
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,655	770	890
Norwegian	0	0	0	9,415	4,440	4,975
Swedish	0	0	0	7,750	3,595	4,155
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	915	485	435
Eastern European origins	10	0	0	41,840	20,325	21,510
Bulgarian	0	0	0	190	85	105
Byelorussian	0	0	0	100	35	65
Czech	0	0	0	1,085	515	570
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	605	235	370
Estonian	0	0	0	320	170	150
Hungarian	10	0	0	4,255	2,085	2,165
Latvian	0	0	0	215	105	105
Lithuanian	0	0	0	345	145	205
Moldovan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Polish	0	0	0	9,535	4,415	5,120
Romanian	0	0	10	2,065	1,045	1,025
Russian	10	0	0	12,720	6,390	6,330
Slovak	0	0	0	625	330	295
Ukrainian	0	0	0	16,680	7,910	8,770
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	160	95	65
Southern European origins	15	10	0	14,630	7,250	7,375
Albanian	0	0	0	215	90	120
Bosnian	0	0	0	160	80	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	670	335	330
Cypriot	0	0	0	25	20	10
Greek	0	0	0	1,175	615	560
Italian	0	0	0	7,715	3,800	3,910
Kosovar	0	0	0	45	25	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Maltese	0	0	0	170	85	90
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,460	820	645
Serbian	0	0	0	270	145	125
Sicilian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Slovenian	0	0	0	205	130	75
Spanish	10	10	0	3,040	1,390	1,650
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	295	165	135
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other European origins	0	0	0	1,865	1,005	860
Basque	0	0	0	55	30	25
Jewish	0	0	0	705	375	335
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	35	30	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	1,025	545	485
Caribbean origins	0	10	0	1,325	690	635
Antiguan	0	0	0	25	20	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	70	25	45
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	85	35	55
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	165	85	80
Jamaican	0	0	0	645	350	300
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	15	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	200	100	100
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	115	55	60
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	4,400	2,175	2,220
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	185	85	105
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	100	60	45
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	365	180	185
Chilean	0	0	0	235	115	125
Colombian	0	0	0	245	135	110
Costa Rican	0	0	0	75	30	45
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	95	50	40
Guatemalan	0	0	0	215	90	120
Guyanese	0	0	0	80	60	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	140	70	70
Honduran	0	0	0	70	35	35
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	1,260	645	620
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	95	50	45
Panamanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	415	235	175
Peruvian	0	0	0	115	60	55
Salvadorean	0	0	0	695	305	390
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	50	25	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	270	130	145
African origins	0	0	0	3,170	1,530	1,635
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	315	165	150
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	20	20	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	135	60	70
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	15	30
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	15	15
North African origins	0	0	0	535	280	255
Algerian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	30	25	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	185	85	100
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	105	60	40
Sudanese	0	0	0	175	75	100
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	1,025	520	500
Afrikaner	0	0	0	15	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	125	60	65
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	570	300	270
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Zambian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	85	35	45
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	125	70	55
Other African origins	0	0	0	1,430	655	765
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	195	85	115
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	1,240	580	660
Asian origins	35	20	10	54,630	27,025	27,605
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,680	930	750
Afghan	0	0	0	90	55	30
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Armenian	0	0	0	125	65	60
Assyrian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	325	190	135
Iraqi	0	0	0	125	75	50
Israeli	0	0	0	100	50	55
Jordanian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	35	20	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	235	115	115
Palestinian	0	0	0	70	55	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	30	10	20
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Syrian	0	0	0	170	85	85
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turk	0	0	0	160	100	60
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	15	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	90	60	30
South Asian origins	0	10	0	39,685	19,985	19,700
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	34,800	17,475	17,325
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	500	255	250
Punjabi	0	0	10	5,330	2,700	2,625
Sinhalese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	155	90	55
Tamil	0	0	0	25	20	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	485	250	240
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	25	15	13,330	6,155	7,170
Burmese	0	0	0	60	35	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	120	60	55
Chinese	30	20	15	5,045	2,425	2,620
Filipino	0	0	0	3,055	1,155	1,905
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	180	90	85
Japanese	0	0	0	1,125	500	630
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	2,150	1,015	1,135
Laotian	0	0	0	550	305	250
Malaysian	0	0	0	105	50	55
Mongolian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Singaporean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	120	60	60
Thai	0	0	0	250	100	150
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,540	790	755
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	60	25	30
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	135	65	75
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	135	65	75
Oceania origins	10	10	10	1,730	895	835
Australian	0	0	0	855	445	405
New Zealander	0	0	0	215	140	80
Pacific Islands origins	15	0	10	700	340	360
Fijian	0	0	0	400	180	220
Hawaiian	10	10	0	155	60	90
Maori	0	0	0	65	40	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Samoan	0	0	0	60	40	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	70	...	...	108,395	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	79,250	...	...
Renter	15	...	...	28,900	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	75	...	...	108,395	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	21,265	...	...
Not condominium	70	...	...	87,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	70	...	...	108,395	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	470	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	10,885	...	...
2 bedrooms	10	...	...	29,795	...	...
3 bedrooms	25	...	...	30,610	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	36,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	70	...	...	108,395	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10	...	...	26,315	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	15,710	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	14,460	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	13,100	...	...
8 or more rooms	35	...	...	38,810	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	70	...	...	108,395	...	...
One person or fewer per room	70	...	...	106,040	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	2,350	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	70	...	...	108,395	...	...
Suitable	65	...	...	103,270	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	5,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	75	...	...	108,395	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	10,260	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...	29,390	...	...
1981 to 1990	20	...	...	19,315	...	...
1991 to 2000	25	...	...	23,340	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	8,235	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	11,300	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	6,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	75	...	...	108,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40	...	...	102,300	...	...
Major repairs needed	35	...	...	6,090	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	70	...	...	108,395	...	...
1 household maintainer	75	...	...	61,555	...	...
2 household maintainers	0	...	...	42,615	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	4,225	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	75	...	...	108,395	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	2,885	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	13,845	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	17,655	...	...
45 to 54 years	15	...	...	22,090	...	...
55 to 64 years	15	...	...	22,170	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	16,815	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	9,435	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	3,490	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	102,900	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	76,970	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	25,925	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	22,640	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	74,525	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	19.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,215	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,310	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	438,797	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	476,293	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	28,485	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	9.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	41.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	877	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	975	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	145	70	70	235,300	114,870	120,435
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	30	25	48,845	25,175	23,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	45	20	20	79,850	39,275	40,570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55	25	30	106,605	50,420	56,190
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	0	24,030	17,675	6,355
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	10,605	6,230	4,380
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	13,420	11,450	1,975
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10	0	0	40,335	14,690	25,650
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	20	9,950	3,655	6,295
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	32,295	14,400	17,890
Bachelor's degree	10	0	0	21,100	9,040	12,060
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	3,095	1,080	2,015
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,170	770	400
Master's degree	10	0	0	6,200	2,995	3,205
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	740	525	220
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	95	50	50	150,345	73,225	77,120
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	25	10	21,385	12,025	9,365
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	30	10	15	49,650	24,880	24,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	15	20	79,315	36,320	42,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	10	16,450	12,250	4,195
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	7,210	4,250	2,965
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	9,240	8,000	1,235
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	0	0	0	30,160	10,805	19,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	15	7,215	2,590	4,625
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	0	25,490	10,675	14,815
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	16,730	6,810	9,920
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,435	800	1,640
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	880	570	315
Master's degree	0	0	10	4,950	2,195	2,755
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	490	305	185
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	145	70	70	235,300	114,865	120,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	95	50	40	128,690	64,450	64,245
Education	10	0	10	8,555	2,215	6,340
13. Education	10	0	10	8,555	2,215	6,345
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	3,075	1,320	1,755
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	670	510	160
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	2,405	815	1,590
Humanities	10	0	0	7,335	3,190	4,155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	495	140	360
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	1,240	330	910
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	2,285	895	1,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	375	235	140
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,910	1,120	790
54. History	0	0	0	885	450	430
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	140	25	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	9,895	3,080	6,815
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	95	35	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	470	200	265
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	10	0	2,550	160	2,395
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,505	395	1,105
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	180	45	125
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,735	485	1,255
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	3,370	1,760	1,610
Business, management and public administration	0	0	10	18,380	6,055	12,325
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	55	10	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	1,755	380	1,375
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	10	16,570	5,675	10,895
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,490	1,305	1,180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	980	430	555
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	710	365	345
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	540	425	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	250	85	165
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,765	1,680	1,090
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,215	1,475	740
25. Library science	0	0	0	270	15	255
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	270	190	80
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	23,725	22,435	1,290
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	275	225	50
14. Engineering	10	0	0	2,575	2,320	255
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	3,400	3,020	375
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	6,815	6,575	240
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	7,055	6,805	255
48. Precision production	0	0	0	3,610	3,490	120
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,965	1,880	1,085
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	10	0	2,160	1,295	865
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	805	585	220
Health and related fields	10	0	0	18,960	3,260	15,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	1,070	530	545
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	10	17,560	2,515	15,045
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	330	215	115
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	8,445	3,995	4,450
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	0	5,140	1,305	3,830
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	35	30	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	110	110	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,350	920	430
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,810	1,630	185
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	100	50	50	150,345	73,220	77,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	65	35	30	71,030	36,900	34,135
Education	10	0	0	5,985	1,405	4,580
13. Education	10	0	0	5,985	1,405	4,580
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,360	925	1,435
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	460	325	140
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,895	600	1,295
Humanities	0	0	0	5,480	2,260	3,220
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	365	90	280
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	915	245	665
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	1,910	695	1,210
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	280	185	90
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,205	705	500
54. History	0	0	0	705	315	390
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	90	10	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	7,925	2,335	5,590
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	80	35	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	370	160	215
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	2,040	115	1,925
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,225	295	925
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	140	40	95
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,305	305	1,000
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,765	1,380	1,385
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	13,900	4,465	9,435
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	1,380	270	1,110
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	10	0	12,495	4,190	8,310
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,685	825	860
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	690	285	405
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	475	225	255
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	355	275	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	150	40	110
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,355	1,460	895
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,960	1,330	635
25. Library science	0	0	0	215	15	200
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	170	115	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	0	0	16,880	15,820	1,060
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	205	165	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,790	1,580	210
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,425	2,135	290
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	5,005	4,785	220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	4,970	4,775	195
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,485	2,380	105
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	10	10	2,270	1,425	845
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	1,635	990	645
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	625	435	195
Health and related fields	0	0	0	14,225	2,480	11,750
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	845	420	420
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	13,115	1,880	11,230
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	270	175	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	10	0	6,245	2,925	3,320
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	3,740	960	2,780
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	45	45	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,140	755	385
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,315	1,155	155
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	145	70	75	235,305	114,870	120,435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	50	45	128,695	64,450	64,245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	55	25	30	106,610	50,420	56,190
Location of study inside Canada	55	20	30	89,550	41,775	47,775
Same as province or territory of residence	55	20	30	73,180	33,650	39,530
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	16,370	8,120	8,245
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	17,055	8,645	8,410
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	3,270	1,795	1,475
Philippines	0	0	0	980	295	685
India	0	0	0	4,230	2,070	2,165
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	2,300	1,355	945
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	455	180	275
France	0	0	0	55	30	30
Other	0	0	0	5,760	2,920	2,845
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	95	50	50	150,345	73,220	77,120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	30	71,030	36,900	34,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	35	15	20	79,315	36,320	42,990
Location of study inside Canada	35	15	20	67,140	30,595	36,545
Same as province or territory of residence	35	15	20	56,345	25,350	31,000
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10,790	5,245	5,545
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	12,175	5,730	6,445
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	2,195	1,140	1,055
Philippines	0	0	0	870	255	610
India	0	0	0	3,600	1,680	1,920
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,055	590	465
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	415	170	250
France	0	0	0	45	30	15
Other	0	0	0	3,990	1,870	2,125
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	145	75	75	235,300	114,865	120,435
In the labour force	75	35	35	149,170	79,035	70,130
Employed	60	25	35	139,125	73,910	65,220
Unemployed	15	10	0	10,040	5,125	4,915
Not in the labour force	70	35	35	86,135	35,835	50,300
Participation rate	51.7	46.7	46.7	63.4	68.8	58.2
Employment rate	41.4	33.3	46.7	59.1	64.3	54.2
Unemployment rate	20.0	28.6	0.0	6.7	6.5	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	145	75	75	235,305	114,865	120,435
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	75	40	30	79,920	33,230	46,695
Worked	75	35	40	155,380	81,645	73,740
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	30	15	15	73,450	44,340	29,115
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	45	20	25	81,930	37,305	44,625
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	35.6	44.4	42.0	43.0	40.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	75	40	35	149,170	79,040	70,130
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	2,745	1,320	1,430
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	70	30	35	146,425	77,720	68,705
Employee	70	30	40	126,400	64,975	61,425
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	0	0	20,025	12,740	7,285
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	75	40	35	149,170	79,040	70,135
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	10	0	2,750	1,315	1,430
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	70	35	35	146,425	77,720	68,705
0 Management occupations	10	10	0	15,380	10,150	5,225
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	10	10	19,355	4,735	14,625
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	5,520	4,510	1,010
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	9,365	1,795	7,570
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	0	15	15,985	5,110	10,875
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	3,170	1,375	1,795
6 Sales and service occupations	20	0	10	32,870	12,395	20,480
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15	15	10	29,915	28,240	1,675
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	7,555	4,240	3,315
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	7,310	5,170	2,135
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	75	40	40	149,170	79,035	70,130
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	10	0	2,745	1,315	1,430
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	70	30	40	146,420	77,720	68,705
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	10	0	9,705	5,150	4,550
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	815	735	80
22 Utilities	0	0	0	495	410	90
23 Construction	10	10	0	15,600	13,780	1,825
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	13,565	10,155	3,410
41 Wholesale trade	0	10	0	5,275	3,770	1,505
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	16,395	7,060	9,335
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	9,925	8,120	1,805
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,870	1,110	760
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	3,815	1,320	2,495
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	2,290	1,175	1,115
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	6,465	3,290	3,175
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	210	105	95
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	7,070	4,140	2,930
61 Educational services	10	0	10	9,340	2,715	6,625
62 Health care and social assistance	10	0	0	15,400	2,375	13,020
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	10	0	2,080	985	1,100
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	10	10,825	3,650	7,175
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	7,650	3,575	4,070
91 Public administration	15	0	10	7,640	4,095	3,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	55	20	35	139,125	73,910	65,220
Worked at home	0	0	0	11,245	5,380	5,865
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	520	350	170
No fixed workplace address	25	15	10	24,450	18,705	5,740
Worked at usual place	35	10	20	102,910	49,475	53,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	30	10	25	102,915	49,470	53,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10	0	0	57,725	24,530	33,200
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	0	15	19,055	8,725	10,325
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	25,555	15,805	9,755
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	575	415	160
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	55	25	35	127,365	68,180	59,185
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40	15	25	107,545	58,345	49,195
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	10	0	9,315	4,625	4,690
Public transit	0	0	0	2,775	1,240	1,535
Walked	10	0	0	4,845	2,170	2,675
Bicycle	0	0	0	1,070	785	285
Other method	0	0	0	1,815	1,020	795
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	55	25	35	127,360	68,175	59,185
Less than 15 minutes	30	15	20	43,705	19,235	24,475
15 to 29 minutes	15	0	10	38,335	18,985	19,350
30 to 44 minutes	10	0	10	21,115	12,540	8,575
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	9,605	6,320	3,280
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	14,605	11,100	3,500
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	55	25	35	127,360	68,180	59,180
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	10	0	14,265	10,690	3,575
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	10	10	24,295	15,905	8,390
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10	10	10	30,280	15,555	14,725
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	0	10	22,580	8,875	13,700
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	13,650	5,085	8,560
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	10	22,295	12,065	10,230
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	85	40	45	161,235	84,315	76,920
Single responses	85	45	45	158,295	82,650	75,650
Official languages	80	40	40	152,905	79,915	72,990
English	85	40	45	152,680	79,870	72,810
French	0	0	0	230	50	185
Non-official languages	0	0	0	5,390	2,735	2,660
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5,380	2,735	2,650
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	20	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	175	90	85
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	175	85	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,635	2,360	2,275
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	50	30	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	4,415	2,240	2,170
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	4,410	2,240	2,170
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	4,390	2,235	2,160
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	135	75	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	135	75	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	210	85	130
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	280	160	120
Chinese languages	0	0	0	270	145	120
Cantonese	0	0	0	85	50	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	150	80	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	2,930	1,665	1,265
English and French	0	0	0	170	65	100
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,755	1,590	1,160
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	85	40	40	161,230	84,315	76,915
None	80	40	40	152,900	79,870	73,035
English	0	0	0	2,000	1,080	925
French	10	0	0	840	365	470
Non-official language	0	0	0	5,410	2,960	2,450
Aboriginal	0	0	0	25	0	20
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	5,390	2,960	2,430
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	25	40
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	195	100	95	285,435	140,800	144,635
Non-movers	190	95	95	241,290	119,090	122,200
Movers	10	0	0	44,140	21,705	22,440
Non-migrants	0	0	0	23,755	11,685	12,070
Migrants	10	0	0	20,385	10,020	10,365
Internal migrants	0	0	0	18,140	8,985	9,160
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	15,085	7,360	7,720
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	3,060	1,620	1,435
External migrants	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,205
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	180	90	90	271,325	133,585	137,735
Non-movers	145	70	70	154,340	76,470	77,870
Movers	35	15	20	116,985	57,120	59,865
Non-migrants	30	15	15	62,750	30,690	32,060
Migrants	0	0	10	54,230	26,430	27,805
Internal migrants	10	0	0	46,165	22,450	23,715
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	0	38,590	18,660	19,925
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	7,575	3,795	3,785
External migrants	0	0	0	8,065	3,980	4,085

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cheam 1, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fraser Valley, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cheam 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fraser Valley, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cheam 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fraser Valley, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cheam 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fraser Valley, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia