Census Profile, 2016 Census
Victoria, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Victoria, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Victoria, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Victoria, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Victoria, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Victoria, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Victoria, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	85,792	...	...	1,800	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	80,017	...	...	1,764	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	49,212	...	...	810	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,762	...	...	741	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,405.8	...	...	102.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	19.47	...	...	17.64	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	85,795	40,575	45,215	1,800	865	935
0 to 14 years	7,935	3,940	3,995	270	140	130
0 to 4 years	2,940	1,435	1,505	65	45	20
5 to 9 years	2,630	1,305	1,325	95	45	45
10 to 14 years	2,370	1,200	1,165	115	50	60
15 to 64 years	59,810	28,990	30,820	1,165	560	605
15 to 19 years	2,765	1,280	1,480	95	50	45
20 to 24 years	6,575	2,980	3,600	75	40	35
25 to 29 years	8,750	4,210	4,545	80	40	45
30 to 34 years	7,840	4,020	3,820	75	35	40
35 to 39 years	6,210	3,155	3,045	105	50	55
40 to 44 years	5,075	2,555	2,520	135	60	75
45 to 49 years	5,080	2,490	2,590	135	65	70
50 to 54 years	5,405	2,660	2,750	160	75	80
55 to 59 years	5,950	2,850	3,100	155	65	90
60 to 64 years	6,165	2,790	3,370	155	75	80
65 years and over	18,050	7,645	10,400	365	160	200
65 to 69 years	5,985	2,745	3,240	145	65	80
70 to 74 years	3,930	1,820	2,105	120	55	60
75 to 79 years	2,690	1,180	1,505	50	25	20
80 to 84 years	2,140	880	1,255	25	10	15
85 years and over	3,305	1,015	2,290	25	5	20
85 to 89 years	1,730	640	1,090	15	5	15
90 to 94 years	1,160	300	860	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	345	65	280	5	0	0
100 years and over	70	10	60	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9.2	9.7	8.8	15.0	16.2	13.9
15 to 64 years	69.7	71.4	68.2	64.7	64.7	64.7
65 years and over	21.0	18.8	23.0	20.3	18.5	21.4
85 years and over	3.9	2.5	5.1	1.4	0.6	2.1
Average age of the population	44.5	43.4	45.6	44.2	42.8	45.5
Median age of the population	42.7	41.3	44.2	47.3	45.8	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,765	...	...	740	...	...
Single-detached house	6,545	...	...	695	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	8,195	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	31,015	...	...	45	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,140	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	2,260	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,490	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	23,035	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	85	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,760	...	...	740	...	...
1 person	22,170	...	...	150	...	...
2 persons	16,060	...	...	305	...	...
3 persons	4,180	...	...	135	...	...
4 persons	2,380	...	...	115	...	...
5 or more persons	980	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	81,650	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average household size	1.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	77,860	36,635	41,220	1,530	720	810
Married or living common law	34,940	17,435	17,505	995	500	500
Married	24,315	12,120	12,195	890	445	445
Living common law	10,625	5,320	5,305	105	50	55
Not married and not living common law	42,920	19,200	23,720	535	225	310
Never married	27,010	13,970	13,040	305	165	140
Separated	2,655	1,210	1,450	25	10	15
Divorced	8,550	3,100	5,455	75	30	45
Widowed	4,695	925	3,775	125	20	110
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,155	...	...	605	...	...
2 persons	14,080	...	...	345	...	...
3 persons	3,445	...	...	135	...	...
4 persons	2,090	...	...	105	...	...
5 or more persons	540	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,155	...	...	605	...	...
Total couple families	16,780	...	...	495	...	...
Married couples	11,470	...	...	440	...	...
Common-law couples	5,310	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,375	...	...	110	...	...
Female parent	2,735	...	...	90	...	...
Male parent	640	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	16,780	...	...	495	...	...
Couples without children	11,585	...	...	265	...	...
Couples with children	5,195	...	...	235	...	...
1 child	2,725	...	...	120	...	...
2 children	1,970	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	505	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,370	...	...	110	...	...
1 child	2,500	...	...	80	...	...
2 children	725	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	155	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	31,970	14,695	17,275	200	65	130
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,760	...	...	740	...	...
One-census-family households	19,665	...	...	560	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,340	...	...	245	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,330	...	...	315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	240	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	25,855	...	...	160	...	...
One-person households	22,170	...	...	155	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,685	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	83,030	39,280	43,750	1,800	860	935
English only	71,570	34,325	37,245	1,790	855	930
French only	30	10	20	0	0	0
English and French	10,750	4,650	6,100	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	675	290	385	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	83,030	39,280	43,745	1,800	865	935
English	80,570	38,165	42,405	1,795	860	935
French	1,555	725	830	0	0	5
English and French	260	115	145	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	650	275	370	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,685	785	905	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	2.0	2.1	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	83,030	39,275	43,750	1,800	860	935
Single responses	81,605	38,630	42,975	1,800	865	940
Official languages	70,065	33,690	36,375	1,795	860	935
English	68,470	32,940	35,530	1,790	860	930
French	1,595	750	845	5	0	5
Non-official languages	11,540	4,945	6,595	5	0	5
Aboriginal languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	5	0	5	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,495	4,925	6,570	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	595	325	270	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	5	10	0	0	0
Somali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	555	310	245	0	0	0
Amharic	50	15	35	0	0	0
Arabic	440	260	185	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	20	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	30	10	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	235	95	140	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	205	80	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,205	455	745	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	80	30	50	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	65	25	40	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	995	375	620	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	55	50	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	20	0	0	0
Tamil	35	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,440	2,440	3,000	5	5	5
Albanian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,215	505	710	0	0	0
Baltic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,185	490	690	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Croatian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Czech	105	35	65	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	330	140	185	0	0	0
Russian	330	135	190	0	0	0
Serbian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	160	60	105	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,635	695	940	0	0	0
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	85	35	45	0	0	0
Dutch	395	180	215	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	990	410	580	0	5	0
Icelandic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Swedish	60	25	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	40	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,010	495	515	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	655	320	335	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	125	70	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	315	140	175	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	80	45	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	330	160	165	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	15	15	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	310	150	160	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,435	665	765	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	210	100	110	0	0	0
Portuguese	265	125	140	5	0	0
Romanian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Spanish	875	405	470	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	475	125	355	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	435	165	270	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,455	1,040	1,415	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,445	1,030	1,410	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,140	490	650	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,100	455	645	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	130	55	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	105	30	75	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	105	30	70	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	250	100	145	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	60	15	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	175	80	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,420	650	775	5	0	0
English and French	295	125	175	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,040	480	565	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	83,030	39,280	43,750	1,800	865	940
Single responses	80,690	38,230	42,460	1,795	865	935
Official languages	76,265	36,275	39,985	1,795	865	935
English	75,830	36,070	39,760	1,800	860	935
French	430	210	220	0	0	0
Non-official languages	4,420	1,950	2,470	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,425	1,955	2,470	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	310	145	160	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	15	5	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	285	140	145	0	0	0
Amharic	15	5	15	0	0	0
Arabic	230	120	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	10	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	45	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	40	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	525	225	300	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	480	210	275	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,340	615	720	0	0	0
Albanian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	325	145	175	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	325	150	175	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	40	50	0	0	0
Russian	130	55	70	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	110	50	60	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	390	190	200	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	210	105	105	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	175	80	90	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	20	5	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	150	70	85	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	440	195	250	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	40	45	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	305	135	170	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	175	65	115	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	245	100	140	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,495	645	850	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,485	640	850	0	0	0
Cantonese	650	285	375	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	735	315	425	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	30	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,340	1,050	1,290	0	0	5
English and French	200	90	115	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,060	920	1,140	5	0	5
French and non-official language	20	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	83,030	39,280	43,750	1,800	860	935
None	75,050	35,845	39,200	1,800	865	935
English	2,045	925	1,125	0	0	0
French	1,300	550	745	0	0	0
Non-official language	4,420	1,855	2,565	0	0	0
Aboriginal	70	30	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,350	1,830	2,520	5	0	0
English and French	20	10	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	45	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	125	50	70	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	73,745	34,690	39,050	1,530	725	805
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,190	33,985	38,205	1,465	695	770
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,164	37,331	31,669	25,749	35,520	20,928
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,260	34,045	38,215	1,465	695	775
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,610	32,814	28,833	24,179	32,096	20,288
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,200	31,105	35,090	1,100	575	525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,526	36,641	29,010	24,288	32,811	19,285
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,960	23,290	29,670	1,225	545	675
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,026	1,711	3,827	10,613	12,320	9,392
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	55,140	26,605	28,535	955	505	450
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,948	34,107	28,095	25,344	38,592	19,349
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	73,745	34,690	39,050	1,555	735	825
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,270	34,050	38,220	1,495	705	795
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,934	48,880	39,528	36,853	49,280	25,746
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,325	34,100	38,230	1,500	710	790
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,036	40,348	34,082	31,304	40,790	22,826
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,340	31,260	35,080	1,105	590	510
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,634	48,660	37,264	37,309	47,262	25,780
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,990	23,195	29,790	1,275	585	695
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,543	6,171	6,833	11,088	11,866	10,432
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,145	26,945	28,195	940	510	430
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,952	43,339	34,758	38,233	48,216	26,544
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	73,745	34,690	39,055	1,555	735	825
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	23,305	12,310	11,000	290	115	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,464	51,654	47,993	39,975	44,340	36,518
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,781	60,305	52,836	48,441	54,581	44,309
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.1	91.2	86.7	77.1	81.8	68.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.7	71.1	65.9	69.0	75.1	59.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.9	8.8	13.3	23.4	18.3	31.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	73,745	34,695	39,050	1,530	720	805
Without total income	1,555	710	845	60	30	35
With total income	72,185	33,985	38,205	1,470	695	770
Percentage with total income	97.9	98.0	97.8	96.1	96.5	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,575	3,885	4,690	210	70	135
$10,000 to $19,999	12,895	5,530	7,365	330	105	225
$20,000 to $29,999	10,750	4,545	6,205	290	110	180
$30,000 to $39,999	9,130	4,130	5,000	190	100	85
$40,000 to $49,999	7,995	3,625	4,370	120	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	6,050	2,835	3,215	60	40	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,495	2,355	2,145	50	30	20
$70,000 to $79,999	3,590	1,860	1,735	40	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,575	1,435	1,130	45	30	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,770	980	785	30	15	15
$100,000 and over	4,365	2,800	1,565	105	90	10
$100,000 to $149,999	2,990	1,840	1,150	80	70	10
$150,000 and over	1,375	965	415	25	20	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	73,745	34,695	39,055	1,530	720	805
Without after-tax income	1,485	650	835	60	25	35
With after-tax income	72,255	34,045	38,215	1,470	695	770
Percentage with after-tax income	98.0	98.1	97.8	96.1	96.5	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,995	4,125	4,870	210	70	135
$10,000 to $19,999	13,520	5,885	7,640	355	115	245
$20,000 to $29,999	12,975	5,645	7,330	325	145	185
$30,000 to $39,999	10,760	4,855	5,905	220	120	105
$40,000 to $49,999	8,625	3,965	4,660	105	65	40
$50,000 to $59,999	5,865	2,970	2,890	55	40	15
$60,000 to $69,999	4,220	2,265	1,950	60	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,775	1,495	1,280	50	35	20
$80,000 and over	4,525	2,845	1,685	90	80	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,470	855	615	25	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	900	550	350	25	25	5
$100,000 and over	2,155	1,435	715	40	40	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	73,745	34,695	39,055	1,530	720	805
Without employment income	18,600	8,085	10,515	575	220	355
With employment income	55,145	26,610	28,535	955	505	450
Percentage with employment income	74.8	76.7	73.1	62.4	70.1	55.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,025	3,605	4,425	145	65	85
$5,000 to $9,999	4,130	1,745	2,380	95	40	60
$10,000 to $19,999	7,850	3,455	4,400	170	75	95
$20,000 to $29,999	6,940	3,235	3,700	115	45	75
$30,000 to $39,999	6,330	3,020	3,310	80	45	45
$40,000 to $49,999	5,695	2,655	3,040	75	45	30
$50,000 to $59,999	4,230	1,975	2,250	40	25	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,165	1,695	1,470	35	25	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,665	1,400	1,265	40	30	10
$80,000 and over	6,120	3,820	2,300	155	115	40
$80,000 to $89,999	1,945	1,115	830	35	15	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,320	760	565	30	20	15
$100,000 and over	2,855	1,950	910	95	80	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,765	...	...	740	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,126	...	...	55,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,804	...	...	50,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	22,170	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,299	...	...	21,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,570	...	...	21,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,590	...	...	590	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,608	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,395	...	...	62,848	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,760	...	...	745	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,383	...	...	74,199	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,536	...	...	63,027	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	22,155	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,373	...	...	26,925	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,421	...	...	24,797	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,605	...	...	590	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,917	...	...	86,620	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,413	...	...	73,072	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,765	...	...	740	...	...
Under $5,000	1,320	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	865	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,250	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,795	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,670	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,335	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,325	...	...	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,380	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,370	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,255	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,005	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,430	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,980	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,485	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,035	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,270	...	...	190	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,590	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,150	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,050	...	...	65	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,485	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,760	...	...	740	...	...
Under $5,000	1,385	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	875	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,280	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,910	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,185	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,840	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,820	...	...	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,915	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,695	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,580	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,300	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,600	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,970	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,340	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,740	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,335	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,930	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,555	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,845	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,425	...	...	580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,208	...	...	69,888	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,273	...	...	61,824	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,260	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,224	...	...	53,248	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,125	...	...	48,896	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,220	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,303	...	...	113,715	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,444	...	...	94,912	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,300	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,781	...	...	38,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,605	...	...	36,416	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,445	...	...	585	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,625	...	...	86,449	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,151	...	...	72,904	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,240	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,491	...	...	76,269	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,393	...	...	64,639	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,240	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,609	...	...	116,426	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,131	...	...	96,299	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,295	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,430	...	...	41,415	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,151	...	...	37,995	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	30,535	14,085	16,450	175	60	115
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,052	31,426	30,802	21,088	29,120	20,621
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,063	28,124	28,013	21,088	26,112	20,621
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	30,540	14,025	16,505	175	60	115
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,616	42,746	38,806	26,361	36,553	21,276
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,721	36,131	33,524	24,156	30,985	20,749
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	81,655	38,615	43,040	1,800	860	935
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,245	21,360	24,885	1,055	485	575
In the bottom decile	12,915	6,170	6,745	180	75	105
In the second decile	9,735	4,300	5,445	270	110	160
In the third decile	8,255	3,760	4,495	220	105	115
In the fourth decile	7,575	3,440	4,130	185	90	100
In the fifth decile	7,765	3,685	4,075	195	100	90
In the top half of the distribution	35,410	17,255	18,155	745	380	365
In the sixth decile	7,430	3,475	3,960	195	100	90
In the seventh decile	7,275	3,515	3,755	125	65	60
In the eighth decile	7,160	3,460	3,700	150	75	75
In the ninth decile	6,975	3,465	3,515	160	80	80
In the top decile	6,565	3,340	3,230	120	60	60
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	81,655	38,615	43,040	1,800	865	935
0 to 17 years	9,300	4,600	4,700	330	175	155
0 to 5 years	3,485	1,690	1,800	85	55	25
18 to 64 years	56,920	27,250	29,670	1,105	525	580
65 years and over	15,430	6,765	8,665	360	165	205
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	16,140	7,425	8,715	325	130	190
0 to 17 years	2,195	1,140	1,055	55	30	25
0 to 5 years	770	405	360	20	15	5
18 to 64 years	11,295	5,240	6,055	160	55	105
65 years and over	2,650	1,045	1,605	100	40	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.8	19.2	20.2	18.1	15.0	20.3
0 to 17 years (%)	23.6	24.8	22.4	16.7	17.1	16.1
0 to 5 years (%)	22.1	24.0	20.0	23.5	27.3	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	19.8	19.2	20.4	14.5	10.5	18.1
65 years and over (%)	17.2	15.4	18.5	27.8	24.2	29.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,440	5,480	5,960	50	25	35
0 to 17 years	1,335	705	630	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	445	235	205	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	9,325	4,455	4,865	40	10	30
65 years and over	785	320	460	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.0	14.2	13.8	2.8	2.9	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	15.3	13.4	3.0	5.7	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.8	13.9	11.4	0.0	9.1	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.4	16.3	16.4	3.6	1.9	5.2
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.7	5.3	1.4	0.0	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	81,650	38,620	43,035	1,800	855	945
Official languages	80,965	38,335	42,635	1,800	850	945
English	80,950	38,325	42,625	1,800	855	950
French	10,685	4,695	5,985	15	10	0
Non-official languages	17,770	7,765	10,000	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	135	50	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	70	35	40	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	35	20	15	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	17,640	7,725	9,920	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	935	510	430	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	55	15	30	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	880	485	390	0	0	0
Amharic	70	30	40	0	0	0
Arabic	645	380	265	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	155	70	85	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	10	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	330	150	185	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	295	125	170	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,595	530	1,060	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	80	30	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	45	15	35	0	0	0
Ilocano	90	30	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	105	35	75	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,450	490	955	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	140	95	50	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	40	25	0	0	0
Tamil	85	60	25	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,745	4,330	5,415	0	0	0
Albanian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,380	610	770	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,360	595	770	0	0	0
Belarusan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Croatian	135	65	65	0	0	0
Czech	100	35	65	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	365	145	215	0	0	0
Russian	505	230	275	0	0	0
Serbian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	20	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	240	100	140	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	0	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,700	1,195	1,505	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	30	60	0	0	0
Danish	95	25	65	0	0	0
Dutch	415	205	210	0	0	0
Frisian	15	0	10	0	0	0
German	1,955	895	1,060	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Swedish	135	60	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	45	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,450	710	740	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	995	500	495	0	0	0
Bengali	35	15	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	410	220	190	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	55	10	45	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	520	260	255	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Urdu	155	95	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	470	210	255	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	15	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	460	200	255	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,495	1,925	2,575	0	0	0
Catalan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	670	280	390	0	0	0
Portuguese	500	225	275	0	0	0
Romanian	75	40	40	0	0	0
Spanish	3,525	1,480	2,045	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	1,115	430	685	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	515	235	280	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	255	115	135	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	55	30	25	0	0	0
Swahili	85	35	45	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	20	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	240	90	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	140	55	90	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	35	60	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,840	1,270	1,575	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,835	1,270	1,565	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,360	640	720	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,575	685	890	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	145	50	95	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	150	55	90	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	140	50	90	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	115	70	45	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkish	110	65	45	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	295	130	165	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Finnish	40	15	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	100	125	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	10	25	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	81,655	38,620	43,035	1,800	855	950
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	74,910	35,650	39,265	1,785	845	940
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,670	4,295	4,375	285	145	140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	66,240	31,355	34,890	1,495	695	800
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,740	2,975	3,765	20	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	81,650	38,620	43,035	1,800	855	950
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	63,495	30,520	32,980	1,780	845	940
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15,935	7,055	8,885	15	10	0
Before 1981	6,870	3,080	3,790	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	1,515	680	835	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,130	960	1,175	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	2,850	1,185	1,655	10	10	0
2001 to 2005	1,070	465	605	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,775	720	1,055	0	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,570	1,145	1,425	0	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,215	1,045	1,170	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15,935	7,055	8,885	15	10	10
Under 5 years	1,725	830	900	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,820	1,350	1,465	0	10	0
15 to 24 years	3,420	1,520	1,900	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	6,780	2,860	3,920	10	10	0
45 years and over	1,190	490	700	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15,935	7,055	8,885	15	10	10
Americas	2,780	1,210	1,565	10	10	0
Brazil	30	25	10	0	0	0
Colombia	75	35	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	35	10	25	0	0	0
Guyana	20	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	10	30	0	0	0
Jamaica	65	45	20	0	0	0
Mexico	200	80	125	0	0	0
Peru	40	20	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	70	25	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,830	810	1,015	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	370	130	235	0	0	0
Europe	6,710	3,075	3,635	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	15	0	0	0
Croatia	75	35	40	0	0	0
France	140	50	90	0	0	0
Germany	585	215	375	0	0	0
Greece	35	10	25	0	0	0
Hungary	165	70	95	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	130	50	80	0	0	0
Italy	170	90	85	0	0	0
Netherlands	300	150	155	0	0	0
Poland	235	90	140	0	0	0
Portugal	90	35	55	0	0	0
Romania	85	40	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	200	95	110	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	105	50	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,590	1,760	1,835	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	735	300	435	0	0	0
Africa	850	410	440	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	70	45	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	70	25	40	0	0	0
Kenya	50	10	40	0	0	0
Morocco	60	40	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	15	20	0	0	0
Somalia	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	295	130	165	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	250	130	115	0	0	0
Asia	5,245	2,180	3,060	0	0	0
Afghanistan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,125	465	665	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	285	125	155	0	0	0
India	410	225	185	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	270	115	150	0	0	0
Iraq	25	20	10	0	0	0
Japan	335	60	280	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	275	115	160	0	0	0
Lebanon	40	25	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	85	50	30	0	0	0
Philippines	1,250	440	810	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	30	15	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	95	45	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	105	35	65	0	0	0
Viet Nam	215	90	125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	655	330	320	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	360	175	185	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,575	1,150	1,420	0	0	0
Americas	310	105	200	10	0	0
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	40	10	35	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	180	65	120	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	25	0	0	0
Europe	390	215	170	0	0	0
France	20	15	0	0	0	0
Germany	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	155	110	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	60	60	0	0	0
Africa	160	70	85	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	25	0	0	0
Asia	1,650	710	935	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	240	105	140	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	110	80	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	20	15	10	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	160	55	105	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	30	10	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	605	230	370	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	85	40	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	50	65	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	70	45	25	0	0	0
Australia	45	30	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	81,655	38,620	43,035	1,800	855	945
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	19,160	8,585	10,575	20	10	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	19,520	9,385	10,140	40	20	20
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	42,970	20,650	22,320	1,740	825	915
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	9,315	4,100	5,210	15	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	4,825	2,220	2,605	0	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,285	1,055	1,230	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,540	1,165	1,375	10	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,505	1,420	2,090	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	895	420	475	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	85	50	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	81,655	38,620	43,030	1,800	855	945
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,780	1,670	2,110	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,625	1,605	2,015	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,145	935	1,210	0	0	0
Métis	1,455	660	800	0	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	85	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	77,875	36,950	40,925	1,795	850	940
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	81,655	38,620	43,035	1,800	855	945
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,600	730	875	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	80,050	37,890	42,160	1,800	855	945
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	81,650	38,620	43,035	1,800	850	950
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	810	370	445	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	795	350	440	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	665	275	390	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	125	70	50	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,945	1,730	2,215	55	20	35
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,800	1,675	2,120	55	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,455	1,130	1,325	30	10	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,305	530	775	15	15	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	20	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	145	55	90	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	50	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	76,900	36,520	40,375	1,735	830	905
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	81,650	38,620	43,030	1,800	855	950
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	12,370	5,680	6,685	20	10	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,750	920	830	0	0	0
Chinese	3,280	1,470	1,805	0	0	0
Black	1,130	620	510	20	10	15
Filipino	1,700	625	1,075	0	0	0
Latin American	765	345	420	0	0	0
Arab	575	355	220	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	720	300	420	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	445	215	225	0	0	0
Korean	580	275	300	0	0	0
Japanese	855	290	560	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	135	45	85	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	445	225	225	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	69,285	32,935	36,350	1,780	845	935
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	81,655	38,620	43,035	1,800	850	950
North American Aboriginal origins	4,755	2,100	2,660	65	20	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,270	1,475	1,795	30	0	20
Inuit	60	25	30	20	0	20
Métis	1,590	665	925	20	15	10
Other North American origins	18,705	9,040	9,665	1,385	675	710
Acadian	115	60	45	0	0	0
American	2,095	950	1,145	35	20	20
Canadian	17,220	8,305	8,915	1,370	670	700
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	20	10	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Québécois	70	30	40	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	65,195	30,735	34,465	625	300	325
British Isles origins	49,900	23,580	26,320	620	290	325
Channel Islander	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	55	30	25	0	0	0
English	31,005	14,520	16,485	550	255	300
Irish	18,715	8,345	10,370	230	120	115
Manx	75	55	20	0	0	0
Scottish	23,100	10,740	12,360	85	40	45
Welsh	3,450	1,545	1,900	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,720	1,700	2,015	0	0	0
French origins	9,280	3,990	5,290	10	10	0
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	20	15	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	9,270	3,985	5,285	10	10	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	16,950	7,820	9,130	45	30	15
Austrian	1,145	505	640	0	0	0
Bavarian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Belgian	520	245	275	20	10	10
Dutch	3,900	1,800	2,110	0	0	0
Flemish	65	20	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	12,120	5,605	6,515	25	25	0
Luxembourger	15	0	15	0	0	0
Swiss	715	315	405	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,150	3,305	3,850	0	0	0
Danish	1,310	635	675	0	0	0
Finnish	660	310	350	0	0	0
Icelandic	600	290	305	0	0	0
Norwegian	2,625	1,195	1,435	0	0	0
Swedish	2,280	1,005	1,270	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	380	165	215	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	12,325	5,870	6,455	0	0	0
Bulgarian	120	50	65	0	0	0
Byelorussian	65	40	30	0	0	0
Czech	540	240	300	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	130	55	75	0	0	0
Estonian	130	45	85	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,245	595	650	0	0	0
Latvian	150	75	70	0	0	0
Lithuanian	250	125	125	0	0	0
Moldovan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Polish	3,760	1,795	1,960	0	0	0
Romanian	870	410	460	0	0	0
Russian	2,230	1,075	1,155	0	0	0
Slovak	150	75	70	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,015	2,370	2,645	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	130	75	50	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,115	2,795	3,320	0	0	0
Albanian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	365	165	205	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	530	215	315	0	0	0
Italian	2,890	1,335	1,550	0	0	0
Kosovar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	775	365	415	0	0	0
Serbian	160	95	55	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	120	45	80	0	0	0
Spanish	1,300	580	720	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	170	80	95	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,100	570	535	0	0	0
Basque	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jewish	595	315	280	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	45	10	35	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	0	25	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	420	240	185	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	615	285	330	10	0	10
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	10	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dominican	45	0	40	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Jamaican	240	125	115	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	15	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	35	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,320	590	735	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chilean	130	50	80	0	0	0
Colombian	120	60	65	0	0	0
Costa Rican	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	60	30	35	0	0	0
Hispanic	45	20	25	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	0	25	0	0	0
Mexican	435	210	225	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Peruvian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	0	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	75	40	30	0	0	0
African origins	1,610	870	740	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	165	90	80	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	350	195	155	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	155	85	65	0	0	0
Libyan	60	40	20	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	90	50	40	0	0	0
Sudanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	625	335	290	0	0	0
Afrikaner	30	20	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	55	30	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	0	15	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	50	30	25	0	0	0
South African	210	125	85	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	35	15	20	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	480	250	230	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	425	230	195	0	0	0
Asian origins	11,115	4,975	6,140	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,520	790	725	0	0	0
Afghan	75	40	35	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	105	75	35	0	0	0
Armenian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	530	245	290	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	65	35	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	165	60	100	0	0	0
Palestinian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	110	75	40	0	0	0
Syrian	165	70	95	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	10	20	0	0	0
Turk	110	65	45	0	0	0
Turkmen	25	10	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	40	25	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,940	1,015	925	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,540	810	730	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	75	20	65	0	0	0
Pakistani	165	100	65	0	0	0
Punjabi	135	85	45	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	40	15	20	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	25	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,760	3,245	4,520	0	0	0
Burmese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese	3,730	1,650	2,085	0	0	0
Filipino	1,880	720	1,160	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	90	35	55	0	0	0
Japanese	1,055	370	685	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	575	265	310	0	0	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	80	30	50	0	0	0
Thai	180	65	115	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	405	180	225	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Oceania origins	660	320	345	0	0	0
Australian	395	185	210	0	0	0
New Zealander	150	85	65	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	150	65	80	0	0	0
Fijian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Hawaiian	45	10	30	0	0	0
Maori	20	10	15	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,765	...	...	745	...	...
Owner	18,045	...	...	650	...	...
Renter	27,720	...	...	95	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,760	...	...	745	...	...
Condominium	12,860	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	32,900	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,760	...	...	745	...	...
No bedrooms	1,640	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	17,680	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,450	...	...	180	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,285	...	...	385	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,710	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,765	...	...	745	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	27,980	...	...	110	...	...
5 rooms	6,780	...	...	155	...	...
6 rooms	3,795	...	...	140	...	...
7 rooms	2,800	...	...	130	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,405	...	...	205	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.4	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,765	...	...	745	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,365	...	...	740	...	...
More than 1 person per room	395	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,765	...	...	745	...	...
Suitable	43,445	...	...	735	...	...
Not suitable	2,320	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,765	...	...	745	...	...
1960 or before	15,360	...	...	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,825	...	...	255	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,740	...	...	155	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,425	...	...	115	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,395	...	...	35	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,245	...	...	50	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,775	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,760	...	...	745	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	42,860	...	...	720	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,900	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,760	...	...	745	...	...
1 household maintainer	30,205	...	...	435	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,430	...	...	300	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,125	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,760	...	...	745	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,105	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	9,485	...	...	65	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,830	...	...	135	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,885	...	...	110	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,040	...	...	150	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,775	...	...	185	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,240	...	...	60	...	...
85 years and over	1,405	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	45,670	...	...	745	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,950	...	...	605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	16,720	...	...	140	...	...
30% to less than 100%	14,105	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	18,045	...	...	645	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.4	...	...	46.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.3	...	...	12.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,161	...	...	642	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,350	...	...	829	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	501,002	...	...	180,189	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	566,156	...	...	199,763	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,710	...	...	100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.9	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.9	...	...	60.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	962	...	...	692	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,052	...	...	673	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	73,745	34,690	39,050	1,560	735	820
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,345	3,855	3,495	510	230	285
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,150	9,490	9,660	345	155	195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,245	21,350	25,900	695	355	345
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,815	3,220	1,595	250	165	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,255	1,150	1,110	115	60	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,560	2,070	490	140	110	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,225	5,205	8,025	335	140	195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,195	780	1,415	20	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	27,015	12,150	14,865	80	35	45
Bachelor's degree	16,800	7,415	9,380	55	25	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,665	695	965	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	725	400	330	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,225	2,690	3,535	20	10	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,600	950	650	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,100	23,845	25,260	960	455	505
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,365	2,110	1,250	250	115	140
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,770	5,920	4,850	200	105	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,965	15,810	19,155	505	245	270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,255	2,270	990	170	110	60
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,540	830	715	85	40	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,710	1,440	275	85	70	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,820	4,020	5,800	275	115	170
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,480	565	915	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,410	8,960	11,450	55	20	35
Bachelor's degree	12,930	5,635	7,295	30	10	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,185	505	685	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	525	255	275	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,760	2,005	2,755	15	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,005	560	445	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	73,745	34,690	39,050	1,555	730	820
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,495	13,340	13,155	860	380	475
Education	3,225	925	2,300	45	15	35
13. Education	3,225	925	2,300	40	15	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,950	1,240	1,705	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	255	210	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,690	1,030	1,660	0	0	10
Humanities	4,065	1,655	2,410	15	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	535	165	370	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,420	500	925	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	625	230	390	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	50	15	35	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	340	195	140	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	105	75	0	0	0
54. History	720	425	295	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	200	20	180	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,170	3,170	5,000	20	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	215	45	175	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	720	215	510	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	720	90	625	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,045	400	650	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	220	85	140	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,655	560	1,100	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,590	1,785	1,805	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,260	3,335	4,925	100	10	85
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	15	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,225	380	845	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,015	2,940	4,075	95	10	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,335	1,305	1,030	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,190	550	640	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	280	135	145	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	795	595	195	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,845	1,210	635	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,365	990	375	15	10	10
25. Library science	195	35	155	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	270	170	100	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,475	4,835	645	295	255	40
04. Architecture and related services	415	275	140	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,390	1,195	200	20	10	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,115	985	125	20	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,270	1,215	60	140	125	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	730	670	60	55	55	0
48. Precision production	545	485	55	55	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,005	575	435	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	395	210	185	10	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	610	360	250	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,390	1,750	5,640	140	20	120
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	585	295	290	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,550	1,320	5,230	140	20	115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	255	135	120	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,505	1,345	1,160	50	25	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,780	780	995	30	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	40	35	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	65	55	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	230	125	105	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	390	340	50	15	15	0
Other	25	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	15	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,100	23,845	25,260	965	455	505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,135	8,030	6,105	450	215	235
Education	1,940	595	1,345	10	0	10
13. Education	1,940	590	1,345	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,285	960	1,335	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	125	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,120	830	1,290	10	0	10
Humanities	2,810	1,105	1,705	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	365	105	260	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,030	360	670	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	440	150	290	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	40	10	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	210	125	85	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	45	45	0	0	0
54. History	520	310	210	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	115	0	115	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,280	2,355	3,930	20	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	155	25	135	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	635	195	440	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	570	75	490	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	800	240	555	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	195	80	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,175	385	790	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	2,760	1,360	1,400	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,245	2,530	3,710	85	10	75
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	855	260	600	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,365	2,265	3,105	85	10	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,810	960	850	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	990	455	540	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	205	105	100	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	570	395	175	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	0	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,500	1,010	495	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,170	860	305	15	10	10
25. Library science	140	25	110	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	180	105	75	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,000	3,495	505	205	175	30
04. Architecture and related services	290	180	110	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,055	895	160	25	10	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	825	715	110	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	965	925	40	95	85	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	495	460	40	45	45	0
48. Precision production	360	325	35	30	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	815	425	390	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	300	160	145	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	510	265	245	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,390	1,305	4,085	105	15	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	480	235	250	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,745	1,010	3,735	110	15	90
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	60	100	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,870	1,065	810	40	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,290	625	665	30	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	15	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	55	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	200	105	95	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	300	260	40	10	15	0
Other	20	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	10	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	73,745	34,695	39,055	1,555	735	825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,495	13,345	13,155	860	385	475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,250	21,350	25,900	700	350	350
Location of study inside Canada	39,385	17,815	21,575	685	350	340
Same as province or territory of residence	26,465	11,730	14,735	645	320	330
Different than province or territory of residence	12,920	6,085	6,840	40	30	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,865	3,535	4,325	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,090	990	1,100	10	0	10
Philippines	805	230	575	0	0	0
India	165	95	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,510	820	690	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	290	90	205	0	0	0
France	105	55	50	0	0	0
Other	2,905	1,260	1,640	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,100	23,845	25,255	960	455	505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,135	8,025	6,105	455	215	235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,965	15,815	19,150	510	240	265
Location of study inside Canada	29,630	13,575	16,055	500	240	260
Same as province or territory of residence	20,840	9,380	11,465	470	220	250
Different than province or territory of residence	8,790	4,200	4,590	30	20	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,335	2,235	3,100	15	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,245	540	705	10	0	10
Philippines	730	200	535	0	0	0
India	125	65	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	740	395	345	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	225	55	170	0	0	0
France	90	50	35	0	0	0
Other	2,175	930	1,245	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	73,745	34,690	39,050	1,555	735	825
In the labour force	49,920	24,735	25,185	795	420	375
Employed	46,935	23,135	23,800	630	295	335
Unemployed	2,990	1,600	1,385	165	125	40
Not in the labour force	23,820	9,955	13,870	760	315	445
Participation rate	67.7	71.3	64.5	51.1	57.1	45.5
Employment rate	63.6	66.7	60.9	40.5	40.1	40.6
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.5	5.5	20.8	29.8	10.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	73,745	34,695	39,055	1,560	730	820
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,085	9,260	12,825	690	245	440
Worked	51,660	25,430	26,225	870	490	380
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	23,775	12,615	11,165	295	120	175
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,885	12,820	15,065	575	370	210
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.5	41.9	35.5	32.3	39.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	49,920	24,740	25,180	795	420	375
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	885	430	460	35	10	30
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	49,035	24,310	24,725	755	405	350
Employee	42,790	20,825	21,970	715	385	335
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,245	3,490	2,755	40	25	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	49,920	24,740	25,185	795	420	375
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	885	425	460	40	10	25
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	49,035	24,310	24,725	755	410	350
0 Management occupations	5,030	2,895	2,130	60	25	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,475	2,415	5,060	50	15	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,050	3,145	905	20	15	10
3 Health occupations	3,850	995	2,855	55	10	50
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,625	2,730	4,900	55	10	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,460	1,100	1,360	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	13,215	6,245	6,970	160	35	125
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,945	3,735	210	280	265	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	810	575	235	30	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	580	475	100	50	15	35
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	49,920	24,740	25,180	795	420	375
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	885	425	460	35	10	25
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	49,035	24,315	24,725	760	405	345
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	325	235	90	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	125	15	35	25	10
22 Utilities	80	70	15	0	10	0
23 Construction	2,365	2,190	175	160	145	15
31-33 Manufacturing	1,455	1,090	365	70	35	40
41 Wholesale trade	630	405	225	20	20	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,640	2,750	2,895	130	40	90
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,435	1,070	370	35	35	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,245	685	555	10	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,365	675	695	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,115	595	525	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,800	2,815	1,985	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,265	1,285	975	15	15	0
61 Educational services	4,325	1,675	2,655	10	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	6,770	1,715	5,050	125	10	110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,470	685	785	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,810	2,760	3,055	30	10	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,190	835	1,355	35	20	15
91 Public administration	5,580	2,660	2,920	45	30	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	46,935	23,135	23,795	635	295	335
Worked at home	3,760	1,940	1,825	20	0	15
Worked outside Canada	205	120	90	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,980	3,455	1,530	120	90	25
Worked at usual place	37,985	17,625	20,360	495	200	295
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,985	17,625	20,360	490	200	290
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,120	10,480	13,640	50	15	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	12,985	6,630	6,355	425	170	260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	615	340	270	15	15	0
Commute to a different province or territory	265	180	90	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	42,965	21,075	21,890	615	290	320
Car, truck, van - as a driver	19,075	10,085	8,985	525	230	295
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,710	600	1,105	40	20	20
Public transit	6,155	2,585	3,565	0	0	0
Walked	10,025	4,370	5,650	20	10	0
Bicycle	4,775	2,650	2,130	0	0	0
Other method	1,235	785	450	25	25	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	42,965	21,080	21,890	615	290	320
Less than 15 minutes	15,020	7,115	7,905	260	80	185
15 to 29 minutes	18,890	9,165	9,725	130	45	80
30 to 44 minutes	6,420	3,395	3,020	60	40	15
45 to 59 minutes	1,520	770	750	30	10	20
60 minutes and over	1,115	630	485	135	115	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	42,965	21,075	21,885	615	290	320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,310	835	475	55	45	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,840	2,785	2,055	110	70	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,100	5,600	5,500	185	80	105
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,215	5,330	6,880	75	0	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,880	3,060	3,815	70	30	45
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,625	3,465	3,160	115	65	50
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	53,390	26,300	27,090	910	505	410
Single responses	53,020	26,110	26,910	910	505	410
Official languages	52,730	25,970	26,760	910	505	405
English	52,585	25,930	26,650	910	500	405
French	150	40	110	0	0	0
Non-official languages	290	140	150	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	290	140	150	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	15	50	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	90	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	145	85	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	95	60	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	25	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	370	190	180	0	0	0
English and French	125	85	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	240	105	135	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	53,390	26,300	27,090	910	505	405
None	51,325	25,375	25,950	915	505	405
English	275	100	175	0	0	0
French	775	400	375	0	0	0
Non-official language	935	395	540	0	0	0
Aboriginal	20	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	920	390	530	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	25	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	80,980	38,315	42,665	1,790	840	945
Non-movers	62,510	29,590	32,920	1,645	780	870
Movers	18,475	8,725	9,745	145	65	80
Non-migrants	11,135	5,285	5,845	35	10	20
Migrants	7,340	3,440	3,900	110	55	55
Internal migrants	5,900	2,780	3,125	105	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	3,530	1,565	1,965	65	25	35
Interprovincial migrants	2,370	1,210	1,160	40	25	15
External migrants	1,435	660	775	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	78,780	37,215	41,560	1,745	805	935
Non-movers	34,810	16,465	18,350	1,325	605	720
Movers	43,970	20,755	23,210	425	205	215
Non-migrants	23,425	11,230	12,200	160	70	85
Migrants	20,540	9,525	11,010	265	135	125
Internal migrants	16,015	7,435	8,575	265	140	130
Intraprovincial migrants	9,565	4,340	5,225	180	85	100
Interprovincial migrants	6,450	3,095	3,350	85	55	30
External migrants	4,525	2,090	2,440	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Victoria, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Victoria, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Victoria, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Victoria, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Victoria, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Victoria, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Victoria, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Victoria, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador