Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Lower Mainland--Southwest British Columbia [Economic region]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia  Map : Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,832,000	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,657,713 r	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.6	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,185,037	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,099,698	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	78.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	36,303.31	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,832,000	1,385,250	1,446,745	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	426,565	220,025	206,535	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	137,035	70,665	66,370	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	145,140	75,025	70,115	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	144,395	74,340	70,050	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	1,951,420	957,425	993,995	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	163,615	84,180	79,435	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	188,560	96,505	92,060	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	201,755	100,410	101,345	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	206,890	101,985	104,910	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	191,215	92,570	98,650	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	191,610	91,030	100,580	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	208,560	99,900	108,660	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	217,900	106,435	111,470	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	203,870	98,630	105,240	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	177,430	85,785	91,645	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	454,020	207,800	246,220	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	153,355	73,380	79,975	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	105,975	50,555	55,425	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	77,930	35,965	41,965	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	57,030	25,825	31,210	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	59,720	22,070	37,645	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	36,760	14,920	21,840	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	17,290	5,740	11,545	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	4,835	1,230	3,605	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	835	180	655	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.9	14.3	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	16.0	15.0	17.0	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.6	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	41.0	39.8	42.0	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	357,895	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	161,655	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	572,070	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	24,985	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	106,955	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	172,450	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	266,175	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,500	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	8,075	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	310,905	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	349,285	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	172,935	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	157,590	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	108,985	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,785,950	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,405,435	1,165,225	1,240,210	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	1,375,715	685,820	689,895	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	1,187,600	591,000	596,605	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	188,115	94,820	93,295	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	1,029,720	479,405	550,315	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	704,075	375,990	328,085	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	59,290	24,410	34,880	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	147,960	55,515	92,445	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	118,390	23,485	94,910	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	783,325	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	382,340	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	178,990	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	165,005	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	56,990	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	783,320	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	663,130	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	569,090	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	94,040	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	120,190	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	96,730	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	23,460	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	663,135	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	306,065	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	357,065	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	145,235	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	157,010	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	54,820	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	120,190	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	76,275	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	33,755	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	10,165	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	523,050	244,290	278,755	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	692,915	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	267,200	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	425,720	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	43,235	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	363,545	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	310,905	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	52,640	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	2,463,925	1,224,910	1,239,015	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	1,215	580	630	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	192,685	85,790	106,895	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	145,670	60,275	85,395	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	2,614,385	1,290,090	1,324,290	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	29,945	15,035	14,915	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	15,285	7,020	8,260	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	143,885	59,405	84,475	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	37,590	18,545	19,045	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.3	1.4	1.3	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	2,719,185	1,330,900	1,388,280	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	1,628,860	821,870	806,990	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	1,599,230	806,985	792,245	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	29,630	14,880	14,745	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	1,090,325	509,030	581,290	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	1,400	650	755	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	385	160	225	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	20	0	20	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	270	125	140	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	45	15	30	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	20	5	5	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	20	10	5	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	175	80	95	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	85	30	60	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	80	30	50	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	120	50	70	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	115	50	65	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	5	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	45	15	25	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	30	15	10	660	295	360
Dene	20	10	10	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	10	10	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	5	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	5	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	5	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	50	20	35
Haida	15	5	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	25	10	15	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	15	5	10	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	5	0	0	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	5	105	55	55
Michif	10	10	5	465	230	235
Salish languages	560	280	275	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	5	80	45	40
Halkomelem	75	40	35	475	225	245
Lillooet	300	150	150	315	155	155
Okanagan	5	5	5	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	15	15	5	445	225	220
Squamish	35	15	15	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	35	15	20	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	255	135	125
Siouan languages	25	15	15	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	20	10	10	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	100	40	55	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	50	20	30	880	435	445
Nisga'a	25	15	15	400	200	200
Tsimshian	20	10	15	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	70	30	40	805	370	435
Haisla	10	5	5	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	20	10	15	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	25	10	15	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	5	5	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	85	45	45	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,088,920	508,380	580,540	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	21,410	11,395	10,015	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	100	65	35	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	35	25	10	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	1,370	685	685	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	5	5	0	805	455	350
Oromo	175	100	75	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	1,175	580	600	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	365	195	170
Semitic languages	19,900	10,620	9,275	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	1,165	570	595	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	14,875	8,035	6,840	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	635	310	325	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	435	240	200	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	25	10	15	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	1,805	985	825	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	100	45	55	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	705	350	360	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	145	80	65	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	25,495	11,685	13,810	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,255	570	685	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	24,205	11,100	13,105	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	35	15	20	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	84,740	34,635	50,105	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	320	140	175	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	3,340	1,325	2,015	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	425	215	210	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	1,310	490	820	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	4,725	1,870	2,855	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	15	5	10	1,430	665	760
Malay	3,575	1,570	2,005	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	645	295	345	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	275	120	155	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	69,045	28,155	40,895	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	180	70	110	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	880	380	500	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	690	355	330	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	30	20	10	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	420	205	210	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	245	130	110	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	6,425	3,395	3,025	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	235	120	115	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	1,850	955	900	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	3,320	1,720	1,600	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	975	580	400	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	135	70	65	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	473,365	231,000	242,370	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	1,225	630	590	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	1,100	545	555	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	61,285	28,650	32,635	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	700	295	405	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	355	160	195	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	350	140	205	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	60,585	28,355	32,230	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	65	35	35	810	385	430
Bosnian	1,225	610	610	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	1,770	825	945	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	5,645	2,735	2,910	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	4,025	1,925	2,100	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	255	125	135	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	12,975	6,090	6,890	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	19,060	8,655	10,410	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	6,395	3,275	3,120	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	1,170	555	615	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	2,610	1,165	1,445	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	605	285	320	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	4,585	1,980	2,605	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	195	95	95	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	350	185	160	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	140	70	65	1,090	540	550
Welsh	140	75	65	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	530	295	235
Germanic languages	52,285	24,765	27,515	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	1,735	870	860	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	2,515	1,245	1,275	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	11,210	5,405	5,805	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	155	75	85	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	33,475	15,695	17,785	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	180	80	95	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	1,015	500	520	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	1,490	650	845	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	230	115	110	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	225	115	105	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	525	280	240
Greek	5,095	2,640	2,455	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	276,335	136,855	139,485	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	231,470	114,305	117,165	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	2,720	1,415	1,305	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	6,410	3,030	3,380	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	25,065	11,975	13,090	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	45	30	20	565	300	265
Konkani	230	115	110	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	545	290	260	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	950	500	445	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	65	35	30	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	183,165	90,735	92,435	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	1,595	740	855	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,515	755	760	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	9,170	4,685	4,480	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	44,500	22,360	22,145	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	1,715	910	805	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	1,075	570	505	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	41,705	20,875	20,835	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	370	190	175	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	75,690	36,725	38,970	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	130	75	60	865	440	425
Italian	16,075	8,070	8,010	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	12,445	5,880	6,565	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	7,790	3,800	3,990	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	39,190	18,865	20,330	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	720	380	340
Japanese	17,795	6,085	11,715	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	65	35	25	1,715	910	805
Georgian	65	35	25	1,715	910	805
Korean	47,895	21,580	26,315	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	345	150	200	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	345	145	200	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	2,845	1,430	1,415	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	420	230	190	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	10	5	5	1,535	815	720
Edo	85	45	35	1,670	770	900
Ewe	60	30	25	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	5	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	30	15	20	920	445	470
Ganda	70	35	30	1,295	625	665
Igbo	165	100	65	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	60	20	30	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	105	40	55	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	105	45	55	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	160	70	85	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	650	320	330	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	30	10	20	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	225	130	95	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	670	305	360	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	305	155	155	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	90	55	35	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	215	95	115	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	720	380	335	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	300	150	150	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	415	230	185	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	390,745	178,580	212,160	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	388,415	177,415	211,000	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	185,300	85,535	99,765	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	2,210	970	1,245	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	176,645	80,060	96,585	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	225	105	120	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10,765	4,800	5,965	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	4,360	1,920	2,445	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,710	3,945	4,770	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,330	1,165	1,160	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	1,045	530	515	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	785	380	405	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	275	140	135	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	220	115	110	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	3,100	1,120	1,980	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	1,025	515	515	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	2,055	595	1,460	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	80	35	55
Turkic languages	3,785	2,080	1,700	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	500	275	220	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	2,845	1,605	1,235	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	165	85	85	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	100	45	50	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	175	75	100	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	8,670	4,040	4,630	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	490	210	280	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	2,205	905	1,300	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	5,970	2,925	3,050	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	395	210	185	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	84,315	40,655	43,665	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	5,985	2,890	3,095	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	74,945	36,180	38,765	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	1,655	805	855	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	1,735	780	950	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	2,602,790	1,275,740	1,327,050	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	1,945,020	966,960	978,060	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	1,935,230	962,115	973,115	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	9,790	4,850	4,940	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	657,770	308,775	348,990	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	160	70	90	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	30	10	20	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	10	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	5	5	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	20	5	10	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	0	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	10	5	5	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	5	5	10	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	5	0	5	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	5	5	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	55	30	30	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	5	45	20	25
Lillooet	30	15	15	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	5	55	30	20
Squamish	5	5	5	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	5	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	10	5	5	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	10	5	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	20	5	10	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	5	5	315	155	155
Nisga'a	10	0	5	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	5	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	5	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	10	10	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	657,605	308,700	348,900	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,260	6,145	6,115	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	40	20	20	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	20	10	10	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	700	315	380	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	0	0	0	620	330	285
Oromo	80	40	35	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	610	270	345	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	185	85	95
Semitic languages	11,515	5,805	5,705	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	540	250	290	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	8,995	4,560	4,430	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	400	200	205	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	310	165	145	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	10	5	5	735	335	400
Hebrew	795	410	390	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	5	5	0	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	360	170	190	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	15,890	7,370	8,520	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	635	295	335	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	15,240	7,060	8,175	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	36,345	16,075	20,270	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	70	30	35	290	140	155
Cebuano	1,120	505	615	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	110	55	55	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	375	160	215	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	1,500	640	855	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	5	5	5	435	220	210
Malay	1,065	490	580	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	140	65	70	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	55	25	30	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	31,570	13,940	17,630	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	55	25	30	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	290	140	150	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	305	135	170	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	225	95	130	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	80	40	45	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	3,465	1,750	1,720	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	95	40	55	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	950	480	470	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	1,955	975	985	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	460	250	205	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	60	25	30	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	250,500	121,860	128,635	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	565	270	290	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	525	230	290	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	26,725	12,830	13,895	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	165	75	95	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	70	30	40	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	95	40	50	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	26,555	12,755	13,805	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	15	5	5	230	105	120
Bosnian	565	280	285	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	940	435	505	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	1,820	855	965	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	1,140	580	560	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	120	55	65	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	4,765	2,270	2,490	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	11,215	5,320	5,895	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	3,500	1,775	1,725	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	440	205	235	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	855	415	435	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	65	30	35	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	1,090	510	580	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	670	310	360
Celtic languages	40	20	20	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	185	105	80
Welsh	20	5	10	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	6,425	3,000	3,420	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	665	315	350	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	210	100	100	855	410	445
Dutch	1,015	470	545	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	10	5	5	185	95	90
German	4,105	1,895	2,205	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	55	25	30	270	120	150
Norwegian	75	35	40	345	145	200
Swedish	250	120	135	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	355	170	185
Yiddish	10	5	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	1,780	860	925	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	182,115	89,165	92,955	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	152,620	74,855	77,765	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	1,595	785	805	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	2,790	1,235	1,560	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	11,650	5,515	6,135	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	5	5	5	135	70	70
Konkani	40	20	20	720	355	370
Marathi	250	125	120	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	560	295	270	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	20	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	129,170	63,680	65,495	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	595	255	340	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	615	300	315	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	5,320	2,630	2,690	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	29,305	14,210	15,090	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	1,055	535	525	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	665	335	330	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	27,585	13,350	14,235	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	32,330	15,490	16,840	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	60	30	35	355	165	190
Italian	4,020	1,750	2,270	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	5,225	2,485	2,740	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	3,520	1,695	1,825	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	19,490	9,525	9,960	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	180	85	95
Japanese	8,645	3,575	5,075	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	20	10	5	1,040	565	475
Georgian	20	10	10	1,035	565	475
Korean	35,705	16,415	19,295	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	165	75	85	910	440	470
Mongolian	160	80	90	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	765	345	425	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	125	70	60	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	5	0	5	340	180	160
Edo	20	10	10	415	175	240
Ewe	15	5	10	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	5	250	105	140
Ganda	5	5	5	345	160	185
Igbo	35	20	15	1,000	485	510
Lingala	35	10	25	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	35	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	15	30	1,530	670	865
Shona	45	20	25	1,035	475	560
Swahili	165	70	95	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	5	0	0	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	40	20	20	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	160	70	90	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	60	75	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	55	30	20	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	85	30	55	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	940	515	425	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	320	160	155	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	620	355	260	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	287,365	131,920	155,445	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	285,705	131,085	154,620	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	132,670	60,485	72,180	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	680	280	395	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	139,860	64,645	75,215	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	60	30	35	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,665	2,120	2,550	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,500	1,150	1,350	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,155	2,325	2,830	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,660	835	825	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	685	350	340	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	705	345	365	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	180	95	85	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	1,140	500	640	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	435	210	225	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	695	285	415	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	30	15	15
Turkic languages	1,590	830	760	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	180	95	85	1,245	640	610
Turkish	1,225	645	585	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	100	50	50	610	315	290
Uzbek	40	25	15	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	455	230	225
Uralic languages	2,190	1,035	1,155	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	75	30	45	975	365	610
Finnish	495	225	275	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	1,620	785	835	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	115	55	65	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	200,710	95,815	104,895	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	3,910	1,875	2,030	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	193,705	92,555	101,150	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	535	240	295	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	2,560	1,135	1,425	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	2,249,180	1,108,510	1,140,675	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	244,785	118,650	126,135	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	22,820	10,360	12,455	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	277,825	129,870	147,955	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	1,440	680	755	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	276,385	129,185	147,200	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	1,020	465	555	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	5,060	2,370	2,690	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	2,710	1,285	1,430	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	85	45	40	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,359,980	1,143,780	1,216,205	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,263,230	1,097,500	1,165,730	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,405	38,991	27,391	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,266,270	1,100,245	1,166,025	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,270	34,158	25,579	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,034,790	1,003,285	1,031,505	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,175	39,492	26,202	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,575,265	671,850	903,420	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,847	1,483	3,722	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,700,820	863,460	837,360	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,005	39,839	27,429	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,263,515	1,097,270	1,166,245	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,142	55,079	37,735	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,266,585	1,100,070	1,166,515	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,095	44,153	32,383	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,034,275	1,002,715	1,031,560	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,383	56,119	36,919	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,575,245	671,185	904,060	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,404	6,206	6,552	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,700,825	863,425	837,395	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,163	54,051	35,998	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	726,080	414,225	311,860	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,361	60,328	48,283	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	66,709	74,780	55,988	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.4	93.1	86.6	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	73.6	77.2	68.6	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.6	6.9	13.4	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	96,755	46,275	50,480	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	2,263,230	1,097,505	1,165,725	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.0	95.8	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	379,360	161,345	218,020	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	399,980	164,660	235,315	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	290,520	122,995	167,530	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	246,310	110,555	135,755	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	216,680	102,005	114,670	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	171,470	87,240	84,235	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	133,090	74,720	58,365	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	101,915	59,560	42,360	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	80,390	47,760	32,625	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	57,335	35,475	21,860	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	186,180	131,190	54,990	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	121,035	82,855	38,180	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	65,150	48,335	16,810	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	93,715	43,530	50,180	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	2,266,270	1,100,250	1,166,020	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.2	95.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	393,465	169,995	223,465	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	418,950	175,390	243,560	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	342,985	148,440	194,535	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	290,545	132,940	157,605	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	240,205	118,335	121,870	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	174,880	96,725	78,155	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	124,580	73,005	51,575	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	89,825	53,595	36,230	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	190,840	131,820	59,020	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	56,960	36,765	20,195	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	36,120	24,605	11,515	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	97,760	70,450	27,310	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,359,985	1,143,780	1,216,205	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	659,160	280,320	378,845	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	1,700,820	863,460	837,365	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	72.1	75.5	68.9	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	244,220	109,730	134,490	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	129,965	55,085	74,880	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	230,480	101,020	129,455	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	190,490	85,735	104,760	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	176,405	81,450	94,955	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	161,450	76,815	84,635	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	129,645	68,330	61,315	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	102,940	60,195	42,745	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	81,320	48,935	32,380	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	253,910	176,170	77,740	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	65,415	39,925	25,495	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	46,105	29,835	16,275	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	142,390	106,410	35,975	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,099,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,196	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,053	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	310,905	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,372	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,199	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	788,795	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,035	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,340	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,975	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,518	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	310,915	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,938	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,547	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	788,785	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,122	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,485	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	30,630	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	17,065	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	32,640	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	43,985	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	42,275	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	41,105	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	42,415	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	42,545	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	42,390	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	42,405	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80,975	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75,570	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	69,635	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	63,805	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	57,215	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	375,045	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	115,425	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	82,570	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	92,765	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	84,285	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	32,700	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	17,320	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	33,215	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45,480	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	48,020	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	49,460	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	51,105	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	51,010	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	51,270	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	49,860	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	93,555	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	84,995	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	77,590	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	67,820	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	58,630	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	287,680	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	111,745	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	69,220	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	106,720	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	752,860	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,058	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,285	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	262,680	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,407	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,424	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	355,980	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,233	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,154	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	107,585	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,944	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,241	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	752,275	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	113,507	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,570	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	262,190	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	106,855	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,973	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	356,320	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,464	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,910	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	107,230	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,377	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,086	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	445,180	215,390	229,790	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,939	33,649	30,619	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,854	30,052	27,923	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	444,385	214,355	230,025	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,880	45,497	40,441	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,905	37,587	34,337	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,368,265	652,270	715,990	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	341,810	163,715	178,095	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	265,710	122,465	143,240	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	248,540	118,045	130,495	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	252,745	121,750	130,995	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	259,460	126,290	133,170	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	1,417,690	711,220	706,470	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	263,840	129,595	134,245	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	270,630	134,665	135,960	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	280,375	140,545	139,830	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	292,430	147,565	144,870	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	310,410	158,850	151,565	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,765,265	1,353,365	1,411,895	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	516,045	266,115	249,925	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	163,605	84,390	79,210	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	1,826,895	890,630	936,270	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	422,320	196,615	225,700	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	447,165	210,170	236,995	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	96,245	49,470	46,775	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	28,685	14,645	14,035	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	282,590	131,785	150,805	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	68,325	28,910	39,415	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	15.5	16.8	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	18.7	18.6	18.7	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.5	17.4	17.7	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.8	16.1	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	16.2	14.7	17.5	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	362,850	173,035	189,820	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	73,360	37,575	35,785	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	21,070	10,705	10,365	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	250,495	119,190	131,305	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	39,000	16,265	22,730	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.1	12.8	13.4	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.2	14.1	14.3	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.9	12.7	13.1	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	9.2	8.3	10.1	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	2,640,970	1,303,270	1,337,695	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	2,639,805	1,302,720	1,337,090	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	192,705	85,720	106,980	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	1,306,390	615,640	690,750	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	2,870	1,285	1,590	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	550	220	330	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	15	0	15	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	355	165	190	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	10	0	10	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	105	50	50	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	20	0	15	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	20	10	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	210	100	105	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	10	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	160	40	120	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	15	0	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	130	35	95	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	15	0	15	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	105	35	65	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	100	30	70	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	10	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	55	15	45	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	20	10	10	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	10	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	10	10	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	10	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	10	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	10	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	85	35	50
Haida	70	40	30	465	205	260
Inuit languages	60	35	35	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	10	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	45	20	30	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	25	10	15	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	20	10	10	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	10	175	95	80
Michif	40	20	25	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	1,630	740	885	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	15	0	20	185	75	110
Halkomelem	270	95	175	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	735	375	360	790	405	385
Okanagan	35	10	25	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	25	10	15	1,305	640	665
Squamish	275	120	150	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	55	25	30	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	225	110	115	565	295	270
Siouan languages	35	15	20	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	20	10	15	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	190	80	110	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	60	15	40	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	70	30	40	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	65	30	35	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	110	45	60	1,490	680	805
Haisla	30	10	25	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	15	0	10	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	55	40	20	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	0	10	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	90	50	40	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,303,630	614,405	689,225	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	30,405	15,945	14,460	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	135	90	45	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	65	40	25	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	50	15	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	1,880	875	1,010	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	15	0	10	1,085	625	470
Oromo	190	110	80	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	1,680	760	920	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	480	220	265
Semitic languages	28,645	15,140	13,500	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	1,775	915	860	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	20,905	11,210	9,695	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	760	370	390	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	565	280	280	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	55	40	20	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	4,755	2,465	2,285	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	205	105	100	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	945	515	430	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	300	160	145	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	60	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	31,905	15,255	16,650	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,530	675	860	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	30,450	14,600	15,855	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	110,050	45,925	64,120	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	500	210	290	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	4,390	1,675	2,715	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	1,015	595	415	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	1,420	620	805	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	5,790	2,255	3,535	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	10	10	10	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	6,565	3,110	3,460	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	810	355	455	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	440	175	260	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	99,505	40,840	58,665	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	275	120	155	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,250	620	625	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	1,975	1,075	905	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	85	30	55	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	1,130	615	515	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	775	440	340	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	9,165	4,855	4,310	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	450	210	235	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	2,690	1,445	1,250	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	4,990	2,605	2,385	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	1,505	875	630	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	70	25	40	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	150	80	75	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	606,020	295,920	310,100	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	1,345	685	665	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	1,525	765	760	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	70,430	33,565	36,865	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	700	340	365	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	355	190	165	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	345	150	200	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	69,925	33,325	36,605	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	210	100	115	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,905	960	950	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	2,060	905	1,155	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	8,215	4,035	4,185	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	5,110	2,410	2,700	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	350	185	165	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	14,920	7,050	7,875	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	25,195	11,850	13,340	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	8,195	4,205	3,990	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	1,270	615	660	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	3,395	1,615	1,775	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	810	365	445	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	6,715	2,940	3,775	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	265	130	130	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	1,275	690	580	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	375	240	130	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	165	65	100	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	735	395	340	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	74,345	35,630	38,715	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	4,835	2,450	2,380	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	2,965	1,380	1,590	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	13,630	6,490	7,145	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	235	120	120	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	49,850	24,225	25,630	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	240	120	115	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	1,655	840	815	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	3,150	1,365	1,785	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	135	135	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	400	190	215	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	7,620	3,910	3,710	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	336,265	167,320	168,945	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	287,450	142,700	144,750	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	3,180	1,625	1,550	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	10,885	5,150	5,735	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	75,365	36,670	38,690	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	50	25	25	905	490	420
Konkani	375	185	185	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	1,315	680	645	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	1,205	600	600	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	70	35	35	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	224,725	112,300	112,425	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	3,160	1,355	1,805	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,275	1,175	1,100	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	15,175	7,935	7,240	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	49,840	25,165	24,670	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	2,145	1,140	1,000	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	1,555	865	690	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	47,490	23,955	23,540	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	800	400	405	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	128,015	60,770	67,250	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	260	130	130	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	26,860	13,060	13,795	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	16,500	7,865	8,635	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	8,915	4,380	4,540	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	82,035	38,455	43,580	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	250	160	90	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	30,230	13,165	17,075	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	100	50	50	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	100	55	45	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	52,875	24,230	28,645	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	335	160	175	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	335	160	175	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	6,235	3,245	2,995	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	510	290	220	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	30	15	10	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	130	75	60	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	115	75	40	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	50	15	40	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	95	60	35	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	115	60	55	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	240	145	95	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	240	110	130	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	105	35	65	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	210	95	115	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	285	130	150	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	2,795	1,510	1,285	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	30	15	15	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	620	315	310	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,455	680	775	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	345	170	175	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	70	40	25	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	280	125	150	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	4,190	1,670	2,520	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	2,340	830	1,515	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,915	860	1,050	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	435,155	200,830	234,325	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	432,595	199,535	233,065	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	224,860	104,045	120,820	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	2,575	1,230	1,345	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	252,570	114,045	138,535	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	125	60	70	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15,800	7,005	8,795	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,405	2,355	3,045	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,995	4,120	4,875	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,845	1,425	1,415	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	1,395	685	710	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	955	490	470	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	340	180	155	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	295	140	155	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	4,370	1,795	2,580	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	1,510	705	805	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	3,085	1,170	1,915	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	6,105	3,320	2,785	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	835	450	385	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	5,005	2,710	2,295	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	110	50	55	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	170	95	75	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	250	135	110	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	10,045	4,660	5,385	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	545	225	320	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	2,415	975	1,435	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	7,105	3,455	3,650	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	750	410	345	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,785,955	1,363,490	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,438,345	1,198,880	1,239,475	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	478,730	247,515	231,220	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,959,615	951,360	1,008,250	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	347,600	164,620	182,980	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,642,775	827,820	814,950	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,060,950	495,680	565,270	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	234,190	112,395	121,790	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	128,370	59,885	68,480	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	261,075	120,580	140,495	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	285,550	131,230	154,325	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	132,730	60,770	71,960	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	152,820	70,455	82,365	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	151,770	71,595	80,175	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	82,225	39,990	42,235	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,060,955	495,685	565,270	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	84,650	42,820	41,830	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	169,630	87,445	82,185	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	223,525	101,380	122,140	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	449,595	202,210	247,390	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	133,555	61,825	71,725	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,060,955	495,680	565,270	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	73,630	34,405	39,230	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	3,155	1,295	1,860	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	3,280	1,500	1,785	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	4,880	2,460	2,415	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	1,005	470	535	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	355	165	190	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	2,430	1,265	1,160	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	8,415	3,660	4,755	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	2,790	1,185	1,605	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	2,075	985	1,090	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	30,710	14,535	16,170	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	14,530	6,880	7,655	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	195,870	96,100	99,775	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,045	1,965	2,085	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	4,215	2,140	2,070	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	3,780	1,975	1,800	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	16,720	8,055	8,665	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	3,030	1,600	1,420	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	4,055	2,065	1,995	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	4,180	2,235	1,950	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	10,820	5,575	5,245	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	9,435	4,725	4,710	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	11,475	5,350	6,125	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	4,850	2,415	2,435	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	7,685	3,715	3,970	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	9,090	3,930	5,160	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	3,880	1,945	1,935	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	6,125	2,900	3,225	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	67,055	33,460	33,600	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	25,425	12,045	13,385	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	34,215	17,305	16,910	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	440	280	160	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	2,260	1,225	1,040	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	1,695	855	845	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	4,245	1,975	2,275	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	775	415	360	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	1,360	715	645	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	1,020	485	535	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	9,070	4,675	4,400	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	13,340	6,690	6,655	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	731,625	335,645	395,985	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	4,910	2,475	2,435	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	1,870	950	925	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	190,400	85,025	105,380	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	72,080	33,105	38,975	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	149,035	72,570	76,465	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	35,450	18,010	17,440	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	5,360	2,740	2,620	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	11,305	3,365	7,940	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	38,265	17,415	20,845	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	1,920	1,080	835	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	9,590	4,925	4,665	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	99,720	41,755	57,965	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	4,310	2,240	2,070	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,455	1,240	1,215	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	37,695	16,975	20,725	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	25,045	11,730	13,315	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	42,210	20,045	22,165	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	25,610	12,230	13,380	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	151,770	71,595	80,175	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	10,965	5,510	5,455	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	1,005	460	550	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	480	225	250	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	75	40	40	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	25	15	10	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	215	145	75	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	2,410	1,215	1,195	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,555	2,375	2,180	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	230	105	125	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	1,970	930	1,045	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	15,015	7,805	7,205	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	830	440	385	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	835	480	350	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,240	780	460	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	210	115	100	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	595	255	335	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	1,455	510	945	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	1,005	415	590	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	4,570	2,710	1,860	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	4,285	2,115	2,170	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	4,725	2,440	2,285	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	55	35	20	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	55	20	30	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	110	70	50	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	10	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	550	290	250	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	295	165	135	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	250	140	110	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	145	80	60	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	465	230	235	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	350	145	205	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	930	500	430	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	70	30	40	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	1,425	725	700	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	118,640	54,515	64,125	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	855	455	405	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	390	185	205	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	36,160	16,125	20,035	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,695	715	985	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	25,310	12,630	12,685	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	8,330	4,165	4,165	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	1,865	915	950	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	300	170	125	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	1,940	500	1,440	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	7,010	3,025	3,990	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	220	120	100	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	225	90	130	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	1,735	875	860	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	21,280	9,535	11,745	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	340	150	190	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	510	250	255	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,900	960	940	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	2,350	920	1,430	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	365	205	160	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	350	180	175	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	1,580	620	955	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	3,935	1,740	2,195	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	2,425	1,325	1,100	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	1,390	760	635	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	1,030	560	470	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,164,225	546,545	617,680	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	692,475	350,455	342,020	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	929,250	466,495	462,760	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	842,360	390,980	451,380	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	478,795	230,180	248,615	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	184,285	108,865	75,425	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	294,505	121,320	173,190	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	277,865	115,910	161,960	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	74,335	39,850	34,490	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,360	5,040	6,325	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,460	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	90,735	43,175	47,560	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	88,090	41,930	46,160	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	55,070	26,340	28,730	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	32,515	15,375	17,145	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	500	210	290	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,490	725	760	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,160	515	645	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,695,215	1,320,320	1,374,895	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	2,785,955	1,363,495	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	38,880	18,350	20,525	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,747,075	1,345,150	1,401,925	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	23,850	11,680	12,175	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	23,400	11,460	11,940	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	19,945	9,730	10,210	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	3,300	1,655	1,645	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	160	75	80	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	455	220	235	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	385	195	195	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	40	25	15	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	0	25	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	82,685	39,360	43,325	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	79,535	37,970	41,570	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	52,240	24,945	27,295	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	26,790	12,790	14,000	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	505	235	270	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	3,150	1,395	1,755	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,055	1,370	1,685	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	0	30	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	2,679,410	1,312,455	1,366,955	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	2,785,955	1,363,495	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,250,700	596,985	653,710	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	332,655	166,605	166,055	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	479,145	224,140	255,005	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	32,680	16,875	15,800	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	127,275	55,855	71,420	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	37,210	17,555	19,650	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	16,995	9,125	7,865	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	47,510	22,710	24,795	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	46,420	23,715	22,705	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	55,375	25,580	29,790	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	31,925	13,410	18,510	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	6,960	3,400	3,560	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	36,555	18,015	18,540	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,535,255	766,510	768,745	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,460	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	106,540	51,040	55,500	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	75,720	36,270	39,455	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	820	355	465	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	33,620	16,025	17,590	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	439,735	219,965	219,765	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	1,905	955	950	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	38,715	18,735	19,980	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	412,140	206,505	205,640	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	15	0	0	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	805	465	345	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	85	45	40	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	45	35	15	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	890	500	390	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	235	115	120	1,895	950	945
European origins	1,452,805	720,230	732,570	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	930,010	461,175	468,835	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	200	105	95	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	265	140	125	1,975	995	975
English	573,370	282,035	291,340	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	332,255	158,830	173,420	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	865	415	455	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	414,800	203,290	211,510	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	54,145	25,960	28,185	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	66,330	32,735	33,600	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	182,475	87,615	94,860	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	125	50	70	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	50	15	35	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	80	35	45	1,750	950	805
French	182,340	87,550	94,785	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	410,995	202,180	208,820	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	25,455	11,990	13,465	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	80	45	35	940	485	455
Belgian	9,620	4,740	4,875	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	112,435	55,435	56,995	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	1,180	595	580	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	430	190	245	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	289,180	142,260	146,920	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	360	185	175	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	13,990	6,965	7,020	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	510	230	285	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	160,860	77,325	83,535	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	28,535	13,830	14,705	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	17,225	8,250	8,970	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	13,230	6,520	6,715	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	61,165	29,595	31,570	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	50,575	23,285	27,295	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	6,470	3,325	3,145	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	307,075	148,850	158,230	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	3,155	1,455	1,700	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	1,950	990	960	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	13,395	6,490	6,905	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	3,300	1,600	1,695	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	3,005	1,405	1,600	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	30,970	15,200	15,770	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	2,815	1,430	1,385	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	4,635	2,200	2,440	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	755	355	395	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	82,770	39,600	43,175	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	19,850	9,650	10,205	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	73,035	34,960	38,075	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	7,225	3,390	3,840	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	114,455	55,670	58,785	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,430	1,125	1,310	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	216,160	107,315	108,845	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	1,545	755	785	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	2,845	1,405	1,440	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	75	55	20	1,280	740	535
Croatian	16,635	8,565	8,070	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	370	215	155	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	17,690	9,105	8,590	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	98,515	49,760	48,760	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	215	110	105	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	920	485	435	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	1,400	760	645	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	600	290	315	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	26,515	13,145	13,375	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	10,505	5,465	5,040	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	260	165	100	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	3,360	1,645	1,715	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	48,080	22,230	25,855	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,680	1,710	1,975	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	270	120	150	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	21,440	11,170	10,265	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	555	325	230	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	12,200	6,300	5,900	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	375	155	225	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	550	280	270	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	7,890	4,170	3,725	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	18,050	9,030	9,015	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	155	80	75	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	190	105	85	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	1,410	740	670	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	170	85	85	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	60	35	25	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	965	475	495	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	550	255	295	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	280	155	130	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	1,125	515	605
Haitian	810	375	440	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	7,255	3,770	3,485	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	100	50	45	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	20	0	20	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	20	10	10	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	320	135	180	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	125	60	70	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	3,365	1,685	1,685	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	330	150	185	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,560	720	845	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,525	750	775	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	54,280	26,245	28,035	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,990	1,030	960	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	70	30	40	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	1,510	685	830	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	40	15	20	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	220	85	135	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	4,475	2,025	2,445	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	4,155	2,000	2,160	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	4,860	2,380	2,475	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	540	255	285	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	835	410	425	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	2,210	1,140	1,070	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	1,360	715	645	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	1,345	645	695	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	1,210	630	575	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	655	350	310	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	16,750	7,980	8,765	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	1,155	535	620	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	210	105	105	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	695	390	305	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	3,245	1,505	1,745	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	6,030	3,015	3,020	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	315	170	140	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	1,620	780	835	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	2,730	1,340	1,390	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	44,450	22,695	21,750	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	5,305	2,850	2,455	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	30	20	10	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	80	45	25	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	65	25	40	1,585	855	735
Beninese	30	15	15	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	25	15	10	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	105	60	40	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	0	0	1,845	955	885
Congolese	685	360	320	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	80	55	25	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	55	25	30	845	470	375
Gabonese	10	0	10	1,405	660	750
Gambian	25	10	10	975	495	475
Ghanaian	1,295	715	580	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	125	40	80	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	205	125	85	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	50	30	15	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	215	90	125	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	40	25	10	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	0	0	0	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	1,825	995	835	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	25	0	15	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	45	35	20	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	100	55	50	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	85	45	35	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	0	0	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	175	85	90	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	430	205	225	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	7,985	4,195	3,785	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	640	380	260	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	185	115	70	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	125	70	55	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	45	25	20	900	500	400
Egyptian	3,670	1,910	1,760	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	210	150	60	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	125	55	70	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	1,610	860	750	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	1,115	480	640	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	385	215	170	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	175	110	70	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	18,610	9,405	9,205	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	405	195	210	1,870	955	915
Amhara	115	60	50	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	240	130	115	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	195	90	110	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	0	0	0	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	965	520	445	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	2,045	1,070	975	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	0	0	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	1,295	630	670	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	85	50	35	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	820	445	370	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	120	70	50	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	315	175	140	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	20	15	10	1,285	575	710
Somali	2,120	1,020	1,105	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	7,300	3,715	3,575	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	440	180	260	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	185	100	90	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	600	295	310	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	135	75	60	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	645	325	315	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	65	25	40	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,515	760	755	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	13,295	6,660	6,630	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,710	850	860	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	11,705	5,870	5,840	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	1,189,105	566,675	622,425	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	88,160	45,495	42,665	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	7,590	3,840	3,750	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	4,765	2,575	2,195	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	3,005	1,545	1,460	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	485	265	215	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	885	515	375	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	575	300	275	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	50	30	25	1,515	810	705
Iranian	44,765	22,725	22,040	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	5,335	2,715	2,620	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	2,210	1,175	1,035	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	640	330	305	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	285	170	110	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	2,015	1,100	915	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	105	70	35	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	170	90	80	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	5,675	2,990	2,680	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	2,325	1,250	1,070	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	355	195	160	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	570	340	230	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	2,970	1,430	1,545	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	240	120	120	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	675	335	345	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	5,385	2,970	2,415	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	75	45	25	1,040	540	500
Uighur	100	50	50	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	245	135	110	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	270	175	100	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,250	1,160	1,085	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	329,365	164,860	164,515	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	1,520	745	775	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	760	360	405	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	95	55	45	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	279,460	139,455	140,010	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	330	165	165	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	620	295	320	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	160	85	80	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	1,185	575	610	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	11,340	5,880	5,460	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	36,160	18,325	17,835	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	560	300	260	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	5,275	2,785	2,495	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	1,085	595	485	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	7,735	3,820	3,915	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	777,360	359,255	418,110	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	2,055	1,050	1,010	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,645	1,270	1,380	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	505,320	236,935	268,385	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	138,480	61,160	77,320	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	115	60	60	805	420	390
Indonesian	5,175	2,460	2,715	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	39,800	17,265	22,535	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	890	450	445	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	57,945	26,850	31,095	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	2,325	1,170	1,155	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	4,360	2,020	2,345	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	1,065	515	550	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	910	430	485	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	20,485	9,395	11,085	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	3,670	1,430	2,240	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	490	260	230	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	36,615	17,945	18,670	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	690	295	395	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	1,960	990	975	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,960	990	975	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	29,900	15,010	14,885	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	10,110	5,350	4,765	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	3,900	2,015	1,885	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	16,405	7,935	8,470	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	13,520	6,580	6,935	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	1,065	445	630	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	675	385	295	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	395	170	225	1,530	725	805
Samoan	300	165	135	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	700	340	360	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	713,665	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	385,315	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	720	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	320,920	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	778,775	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,099,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	17,830	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	222,920	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	297,430	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	256,885	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	304,630	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	448,155	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	150,085	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	119,960	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	100,175	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	281,330	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,063,790	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35,910	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	1,022,865	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	76,835	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,099,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	141,215	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	291,790	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	176,270	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	201,335	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	82,040	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	110,680	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	96,365	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,036,760	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	62,940	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	634,075	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	419,750	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,865	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	33,720	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	160,215	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	194,530	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	237,445	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	217,460	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	148,500	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	77,755	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	30,070	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,085,045	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	746,225	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	338,820	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	270,200	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	703,945	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	24.6	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,352	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,581	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	700,255	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	939,163	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	383,190	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.8	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	43.3	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,111	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,222	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	343,535	168,935	174,605	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	686,895	336,215	350,685	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,329,580	638,610	690,970	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	163,580	117,280	46,300	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	74,665	43,065	31,595	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	88,920	74,215	14,705	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	397,400	164,850	232,550	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90,095	37,400	52,700	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	678,500	319,070	359,425	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	446,730	204,770	241,955	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	49,140	20,395	28,745	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	19,690	10,760	8,930	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	138,725	68,075	70,650	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	24,215	15,070	9,150	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,583,325	765,210	818,115	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	136,335	72,020	64,315	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	399,705	199,385	200,320	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,047,285	493,805	553,475	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	114,865	83,125	31,735	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	52,430	30,455	21,975	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	62,435	52,670	9,760	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	306,545	127,300	179,250	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	67,405	27,635	39,770	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	558,470	255,745	302,725	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	366,625	165,110	201,510	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	39,245	15,785	23,455	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,685	7,910	7,770	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	118,405	56,090	62,310	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	18,520	10,845	7,675	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,360,015	1,143,755	1,216,260	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,030,430	505,145	525,285	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	81,245	18,285	62,965	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	81,250	18,285	62,965	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	72,100	33,070	39,035	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	12,450	9,435	3,020	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	59,650	23,635	36,015	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	89,195	34,325	54,870	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,785	2,755	9,025	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	24,505	7,600	16,910	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	27,660	10,705	16,955	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	360	135	220	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,510	2,685	1,825	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,385	4,395	2,995	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	10,480	5,565	4,915	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	2,500	475	2,025	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	169,555	62,275	107,280	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,765	740	2,030	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	17,515	6,340	11,175	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	22,285	1,960	20,325	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	26,665	9,855	16,810	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,930	850	2,075	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	29,175	8,190	20,985	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	68,220	34,340	33,880	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	285,235	120,410	164,825	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	480	140	340	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	12,395	2,925	9,470	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	272,360	117,350	155,015	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	59,630	31,260	28,375	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	24,250	10,835	13,415	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	14,285	7,045	7,245	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	655	170	485	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	18,510	12,515	6,000	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,930	695	1,235	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60,370	39,255	21,110	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	47,755	33,645	14,110	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	3,585	505	3,080	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	8,420	4,725	3,690	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	605	380	230	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	242,705	215,370	27,340	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	11,965	7,655	4,315	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	77,985	63,215	14,770	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	38,270	33,820	4,445	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	40	25	15	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	47,985	46,495	1,490	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	44,505	43,115	1,390	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	21,955	21,045	910	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	21,215	12,305	8,905	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	13,030	7,030	6,005	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	8,185	5,280	2,900	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	184,110	40,830	143,275	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	14,595	7,525	7,075	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	163,815	30,150	133,660	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,695	3,155	2,540	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	63,980	31,145	32,840	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	43,465	13,975	29,485	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	120	115	10	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	380	370	15	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	7,505	5,540	1,960	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,505	11,140	1,370	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	240	75	160	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	240	75	160	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,583,325	765,210	818,115	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	536,045	271,405	264,635	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	56,990	12,000	44,990	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	56,985	11,995	44,990	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	58,315	26,545	31,775	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	9,795	7,445	2,350	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	48,515	19,095	29,415	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	69,615	25,905	43,715	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	9,420	2,000	7,420	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	18,870	5,745	13,130	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	22,325	8,355	13,975	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	280	115	165	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,495	2,055	1,445	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,270	3,115	2,150	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	8,105	4,165	3,940	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	1,845	355	1,485	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	138,545	49,215	89,325	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,410	630	1,780	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15,000	5,285	9,715	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	17,730	1,550	16,185	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	21,915	7,315	14,600	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,370	690	1,680	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	23,285	6,240	17,045	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	55,835	27,515	28,320	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	232,260	96,650	135,610	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	350	120	230	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,770	2,215	7,560	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	222,140	94,315	127,825	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45,260	22,930	22,325	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	19,250	8,440	10,805	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10,485	4,975	5,505	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	520	125	395	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	13,695	8,945	4,755	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,310	440	870	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	52,935	34,795	18,135	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	43,400	30,660	12,745	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	2,630	385	2,245	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,380	3,440	2,945	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	510	315	200	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	184,345	160,545	23,795	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	9,635	5,795	3,840	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	63,065	49,735	13,330	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	28,185	24,570	3,615	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	20	10	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	35,680	34,460	1,220	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	32,815	31,760	1,060	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	14,935	14,210	725	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	16,810	9,385	7,425	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10,225	5,315	4,905	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,580	4,060	2,515	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	143,705	32,145	111,560	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	11,655	5,995	5,660	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	127,575	23,855	103,720	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	4,475	2,295	2,180	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	48,325	23,640	24,685	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	32,480	10,620	21,865	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	60	45	10	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	145	145	0	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	6,160	4,465	1,700	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	9,485	8,365	1,120	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	190	65	130	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	190	65	125	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,030,430	505,145	525,285	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,329,580	638,605	690,970	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	925,655	446,190	479,465	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	744,325	354,370	389,950	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	181,330	91,820	89,510	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	403,925	192,415	211,510	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	47,055	25,960	21,095	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	49,625	18,340	31,290	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	39,695	19,685	20,005	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,425	20,485	16,940	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	59,115	26,525	32,585	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	3,545	1,965	1,580	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	167,460	79,445	88,010	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,583,325	765,210	818,115	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	536,040	271,410	264,635	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,047,285	493,800	553,480	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	729,685	348,530	381,155	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	593,200	279,360	313,840	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	136,490	69,170	67,320	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	317,600	145,275	172,325	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	34,780	18,680	16,100	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	42,475	15,510	26,960	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	33,475	15,830	17,645	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	23,655	12,740	10,920	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	51,215	22,490	28,720	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	2,950	1,655	1,295	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	129,050	58,365	70,685	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,255	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	1,545,000	803,635	741,360	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	1,453,780	757,485	696,290	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	91,220	46,150	45,070	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	815,010	340,115	474,895	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	65.5	70.3	61.0	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	61.6	66.2	57.2	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.7	6.1	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	2,360,015	1,143,755	1,216,255	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	762,650	317,295	445,355	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	1,597,365	826,460	770,900	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	749,170	429,675	319,495	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	848,190	396,785	451,405	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.0	41.3	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,545,000	803,635	741,365	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	28,125	13,160	14,960	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	1,516,875	790,480	726,400	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	1,308,545	660,730	647,815	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	208,335	129,750	78,585	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,545,000	803,635	741,365	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	28,125	13,160	14,965	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	1,516,875	790,475	726,400	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	177,290	110,865	66,420	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	246,295	76,960	169,335	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	109,145	85,895	23,250	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	95,820	22,275	73,550	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	168,285	55,755	112,525	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	67,390	34,230	33,160	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	375,090	164,145	210,940	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	204,040	192,130	11,905	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	26,665	17,415	9,255	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	46,860	30,805	16,055	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,545,000	803,635	741,360	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	28,125	13,160	14,965	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	1,516,875	790,475	726,400	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	24,005	12,950	11,055	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,625	4,270	1,350	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	7,550	5,005	2,545	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	118,280	103,430	14,850	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	99,620	68,295	31,325	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	61,385	40,380	21,005	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	170,715	79,410	91,305	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	86,605	66,950	19,660	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	52,940	33,240	19,700	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	69,985	30,580	39,410	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	38,655	21,070	17,585	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	142,645	79,495	63,150	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,425	1,580	1,845	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70,150	40,470	29,680	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	111,720	37,435	74,290	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	156,670	31,390	125,275	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35,330	17,885	17,440	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	127,995	55,070	72,925	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	70,130	29,205	40,920	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	63,450	32,365	31,090	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	1,453,785	757,485	696,295	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	121,140	60,495	60,650	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	13,560	9,610	3,950	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	200,490	147,475	53,015	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	1,118,595	539,910	578,675	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,118,590	539,910	578,680	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	509,115	223,950	285,170	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	560,645	286,720	273,925	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	44,075	26,195	17,880	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	4,755	3,050	1,705	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,319,080	687,385	631,695	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	876,870	490,785	386,085	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	69,560	28,120	41,435	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	240,765	102,620	138,140	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	85,505	37,225	48,275	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	29,675	19,115	10,560	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	16,710	9,510	7,195	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,319,080	687,385	631,695	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	266,155	119,455	146,700	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	422,085	214,965	207,120	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	331,125	183,960	147,170	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	151,550	84,385	67,165	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	148,165	84,615	63,550	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,319,080	687,385	631,700	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	92,365	64,240	28,130	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	211,900	129,415	82,480	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	320,695	162,140	158,555	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	291,345	133,145	158,195	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	201,725	90,890	110,835	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	201,055	107,560	93,490	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,655,140	854,150	800,990	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	1,610,800	832,040	778,760	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	1,530,345	789,300	741,045	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	1,526,680	788,325	738,360	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	3,660	980	2,680	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	80,450	42,735	37,715	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	15	10	10	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	10	15	10	10
Lillooet	10	0	10	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	80,435	42,735	37,700	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	410	265	145	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	10	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	265	140	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	295	215	85	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	15	10	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	75	30	50	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,205	1,020	1,190	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	15	10	475	230	245
Vietnamese	2,185	1,005	1,180	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	760	370	395	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	30	10	15	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	55	35	15	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	640	305	340	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	30	10	15	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	25	15	15	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	22,135	12,450	9,685	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	10	15	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	750	345	405	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	10	10	10	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	10	0	10	60	25	30
Slavic languages	740	335	400	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	10	0	205	110	90
Croatian	25	10	20	220	130	95
Czech	30	20	15	70	40	30
Macedonian	10	0	10	95	45	55
Polish	95	45	50	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	435	190	250	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	80	45	35	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	10	15	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	20	10	10	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	450	240	205	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	10	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	20	10	10	90	50	35
Dutch	95	55	45	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	270	140	130	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	65	30	40
Swedish	30	20	10	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	10	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	55	25	35	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	19,025	10,880	8,145	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	17,945	10,160	7,785	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	15	15	10	530	275	245
Gujarati	40	15	20	880	300	585
Hindi	275	165	110	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	20	10	10	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,545	9,935	7,610	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	10	0	10	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	45	20	20	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	1,075	720	355	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	25	20	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	1,045	695	350	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	1,845	945	900	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	10	10	0	30	10	20
Italian	90	40	50	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	495	250	250	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	70	45	20	745	365	380
Spanish	1,185	605	575	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	1,580	610	970	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	5,315	2,825	2,495	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	10	10	10	10	10	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	200	60	135	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	145	30	120	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	55	30	20	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	47,565	24,985	22,575	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	47,480	24,935	22,550	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	22,975	11,690	11,285	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	10	10	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	23,365	12,665	10,700	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	205	120	85	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	25	25	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	880	425	450	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	80	50	25	270	155	115
Burmese	20	10	15	75	35	35
Karenic languages	50	35	20	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	10	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	110	50	60	675	270	405
Lao	10	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	100	45	50	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	45	10	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	35	30	10	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	10	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	10	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	15	10	10	105	40	65
Hungarian	15	10	10	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	80	45	35
Multiple responses	44,345	22,115	22,230	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	3,040	1,340	1,700	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	40,890	20,620	20,280	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	45	30	15	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	370	130	245	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,655,140	854,155	800,990	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	1,506,445	779,895	726,550	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	32,960	16,915	16,045	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	13,510	5,980	7,525	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	99,580	50,090	49,490	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	225	85	140	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	99,355	50,010	49,340	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	45	30	10	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	1,125	540	585	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	1,475	695	780	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	2,758,670	1,349,480	1,409,190	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	2,322,805	1,134,745	1,188,055	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	435,865	214,735	221,130	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	237,275	116,530	120,750	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	198,585	98,210	100,380	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	141,125	69,945	71,175	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	113,300	55,740	57,550	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	27,830	14,205	13,620	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	57,465	28,265	29,200	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	2,648,905	1,292,945	1,355,960	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	1,490,310	727,555	762,760	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	1,158,595	565,395	593,200	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	591,830	288,480	303,350	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	566,765	276,910	289,855	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	369,565	181,370	188,200	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	296,645	145,200	151,445	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	72,920	36,165	36,755	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	197,200	95,545	101,650	1,381,460	682,625	698,835