Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tofino, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Tofino, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Columbia-Shuswap, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Tofino, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Tofino, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,932 ^E	...	...	51,366	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,876	...	...	50,512	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0 ^E	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,037	...	...	29,798	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	755	...	...	22,454	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	183.1	...	...	1.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.55	...	...	28,929.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,930	1,005	930	51,370	25,370	25,995
0 to 14 years	265	150	115	7,045	3,570	3,470
0 to 4 years	105	65	40	2,275	1,150	1,120
5 to 9 years	90	45	45	2,395	1,250	1,145
10 to 14 years	65	35	30	2,370	1,165	1,210
15 to 64 years	1,445	745	700	31,780	15,705	16,070
15 to 19 years	50	30	20	2,395	1,225	1,170
20 to 24 years	160	65	90	2,140	1,125	1,015
25 to 29 years	210	100	110	2,450	1,200	1,245
30 to 34 years	255	130	120	2,815	1,430	1,390
35 to 39 years	200	100	100	2,915	1,485	1,425
40 to 44 years	140	90	50	2,650	1,350	1,295
45 to 49 years	95	45	55	2,950	1,410	1,535
50 to 54 years	95	60	40	4,005	1,930	2,075
55 to 59 years	110	55	55	4,820	2,300	2,525
60 to 64 years	120	65	60	4,650	2,260	2,390
65 years and over	225	115	110	12,550	6,095	6,455
65 to 69 years	105	50	55	4,245	2,130	2,115
70 to 74 years	55	30	20	3,110	1,530	1,585
75 to 79 years	35	15	20	2,220	1,125	1,100
80 to 84 years	20	10	10	1,565	765	800
85 years and over	15	5	10	1,405	550	860
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	920	395	525
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	370	120	250
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	105	30	70
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	14.9	12.4	13.7	14.1	13.3
15 to 64 years	74.9	74.1	75.3	61.9	61.9	61.8
65 years and over	11.7	11.4	11.8	24.4	24.0	24.8
85 years and over	0.8	0.5	1.1	2.7	2.2	3.3
Average age of the population	38.3	38.2	38.4	46.4	45.8	46.9
Median age of the population	35.9	36.8	35.1	50.5	49.7	51.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
Single-detached house	410	...	...	15,880	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	20	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	290	...	...	4,170	...	...
Semi-detached house	75	...	...	590	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	875	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	70	...	...	920	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	90	...	...	1,680	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	100	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	60	...	...	2,390	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
1 person	235	...	...	6,230	...	...
2 persons	245	...	...	10,000	...	...
3 persons	145	...	...	2,740	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	2,315	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	1,175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,750	...	...	50,195	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,670	860	815	44,325	21,800	22,525
Married or living common law	880	440	435	28,260	14,125	14,135
Married	555	285	275	22,890	11,460	11,430
Living common law	325	160	165	5,370	2,665	2,705
Not married and not living common law	795	415	370	16,065	7,675	8,390
Never married	605	340	270	8,875	5,135	3,740
Separated	45	20	25	1,265	580	685
Divorced	100	55	50	3,060	1,315	1,745
Widowed	40	10	25	2,860	650	2,220
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	445	...	...	15,650	...	...
2 persons	255	...	...	10,230	...	...
3 persons	100	...	...	2,510	...	...
4 persons	80	...	...	2,090	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	820	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	450	...	...	15,650	...	...
Total couple families	395	...	...	13,870	...	...
Married couples	235	...	...	11,180	...	...
Common-law couples	165	...	...	2,685	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	1,785	...	...
Female parent	35	...	...	1,365	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	420	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	400	...	...	13,870	...	...
Couples without children	220	...	...	9,110	...	...
Couples with children	175	...	...	4,755	...	...
1 child	90	...	...	2,010	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	1,960	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	780	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	1,785	...	...
1 child	35	...	...	1,115	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	495	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	555	280	275	9,395	4,690	4,710
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
One-census-family households	425	...	...	15,060	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	210	...	...	8,825	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	220	...	...	6,235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	290	...	...
Non-census-family households	320	...	...	7,105	...	...
One-person households	230	...	...	6,230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85	...	...	875	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,930	1,005	925	50,925	25,225	25,705
English only	1,710	910	800	47,250	23,590	23,660
French only	0	0	0	15	5	5
English and French	220	95	125	3,550	1,570	1,980
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	115	55	55
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,935	1,005	925	50,925	25,220	25,700
English	1,850	970	880	49,865	24,695	25,170
French	75	30	40	895	450	445
English and French	10	5	5	55	25	35
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	105	55	50
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	80	35	45	930	465	465
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.1	3.5	4.9	1.8	1.8	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,930	1,005	925	50,925	25,220	25,705
Single responses	1,905	995	910	50,510	25,030	25,480
Official languages	1,750	925	825	46,805	23,255	23,555
English	1,665	885	775	45,820	22,750	23,075
French	85	35	45	985	505	485
Non-official languages	155	70	85	3,705	1,780	1,925
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	150	70	80	3,660	1,755	1,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	15	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	5	15	200	70	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	10	175	65	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	45	50	2,950	1,455	1,495
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	485	225	260
Baltic languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	480	220	260
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	100	45	55
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	45	45
Russian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	5	5	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	150	70	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	1,845	925	920
Afrikaans	0	5	5	40	20	15
Danish	5	0	5	55	25	25
Dutch	10	10	5	345	160	180
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	30	10	15	1,340	685	660
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	20	15	10
Swedish	5	0	0	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	220	115	110
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	210	105	105
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	5	5	0	20	15	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	160	75	90
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	15	380	185	195
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	235	120	115
Portuguese	0	0	5	45	15	30
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Spanish	15	10	10	90	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Japanese	5	0	0	65	20	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	80	40	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	130	60	70
Chinese languages	10	5	10	130	60	70
Cantonese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	10	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	140	55	85
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	5	0	0	70	25	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	30	10	15	420	190	230
English and French	10	5	5	110	55	50
English and non-official language	15	10	10	285	120	160
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,930	1,005	925	50,925	25,220	25,705
Single responses	1,890	985	905	50,305	24,940	25,360
Official languages	1,860	975	885	49,420	24,515	24,905
English	1,840	965	875	49,120	24,365	24,755
French	25	10	15	305	145	155
Non-official languages	30	15	20	885	425	455
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	20	875	425	450
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	65	35	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	65	35	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	5	10	605	290	315
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	65	35	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	310	145	165
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	45	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	245	110	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	5	140	70	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	135	70	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	100	50	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	85	35	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	5	30	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	5	55	30	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	75	35	35
Chinese languages	0	0	5	75	40	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	40	20	20	620	280	340
English and French	20	15	10	55	25	30
English and non-official language	20	5	10	555	250	300
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	10	0	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,930	1,005	925	50,925	25,220	25,700
None	1,780	945	840	48,470	24,095	24,375
English	30	15	15	585	280	300
French	40	15	25	605	275	330
Non-official language	75	35	40	1,230	550	675
Aboriginal	0	0	0	85	35	45
Non-Aboriginal	75	30	40	1,150	520	630
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	5
French and non-official language	0	0	5	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,495	750	745	43,165	21,320	21,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,480	735	740	42,235	20,975	21,260
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,024	35,008	30,336	31,558	41,254	24,774
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,485	745	745	42,275	21,000	21,280
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,960	30,310	27,744	28,609	36,199	23,373
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,445	720	725	38,445	19,530	18,915
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,881	32,939	27,008	27,425	37,062	20,314
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,100	515	585	30,790	14,025	16,765
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,447	755	2,152	8,392	9,428	7,716
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,310	655	660	29,780	15,490	14,280
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,965	29,914	25,200	26,408	35,968	20,266
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,520	755	755	43,165	21,320	21,845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,495	740	755	42,150	20,950	21,200
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,697	44,997	36,479	42,219	51,841	32,711
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,505	750	755	42,210	20,970	21,240
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,325	36,855	31,812	35,723	42,829	28,707
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,430	705	725	38,415	19,500	18,910
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,859	43,564	34,237	39,049	48,698	29,098
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,075	505	570	31,095	14,180	16,915
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,991	4,960	5,018	8,992	9,618	8,468
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,320	665	655	29,775	15,525	14,250
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,794	37,785	31,743	37,381	46,741	27,182
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,515	760	760	43,165	21,315	21,850
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	445	225	225	10,610	6,240	4,365
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	37,768	48,713	35,925	50,112	60,961	39,567
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,739	52,303	45,205	56,664	65,294	44,332
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.2	92.4	89.8	84.4	87.6	79.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.2	72.9	73.6	62.3	65.9	56.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.8	7.4	10.5	15.6	12.4	20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,495	750	745	43,165	21,320	21,850
Without total income	15	10	0	935	345	590
With total income	1,480	735	745	42,230	20,975	21,260
Percentage with total income	99.0	98.0	100.0	97.8	98.4	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	150	70	80	5,520	2,075	3,450
$10,000 to $19,999	255	120	135	7,850	2,825	5,020
$20,000 to $29,999	265	115	150	6,860	2,780	4,085
$30,000 to $39,999	245	115	130	5,365	2,490	2,875
$40,000 to $49,999	165	85	80	4,295	2,275	2,025
$50,000 to $59,999	110	50	55	3,145	1,900	1,250
$60,000 to $69,999	85	50	35	2,565	1,705	855
$70,000 to $79,999	65	35	30	1,835	1,280	560
$80,000 to $89,999	40	25	20	1,315	890	425
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10	930	720	215
$100,000 and over	65	45	20	2,555	2,035	515
$100,000 to $149,999	45	30	15	1,880	1,500	380
$150,000 and over	15	10	5	675	535	135
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,495	750	745	43,165	21,320	21,845
Without after-tax income	10	5	0	890	320	570
With after-tax income	1,485	745	740	42,275	20,995	21,280
Percentage with after-tax income	99.3	99.3	99.3	97.9	98.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	165	80	85	5,840	2,215	3,630
$10,000 to $19,999	270	130	140	8,340	3,115	5,230
$20,000 to $29,999	335	155	180	7,855	3,250	4,610
$30,000 to $39,999	265	125	140	6,130	2,995	3,135
$40,000 to $49,999	145	75	70	4,480	2,595	1,885
$50,000 to $59,999	115	70	50	3,305	2,180	1,125
$60,000 to $69,999	80	45	35	2,255	1,560	695
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	15	1,485	1,060	425
$80,000 and over	65	40	25	2,580	2,030	550
$80,000 to $89,999	30	15	10	880	690	195
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	585	470	115
$100,000 and over	25	15	10	1,115	875	245
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,495	750	745	43,165	21,315	21,850
Without employment income	185	95	90	13,390	5,825	7,565
With employment income	1,310	650	660	29,775	15,495	14,285
Percentage with employment income	87.6	86.7	88.6	69.0	72.7	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	135	60	75	5,770	2,710	3,060
$5,000 to $9,999	105	50	50	2,515	1,050	1,470
$10,000 to $19,999	230	115	115	4,255	1,725	2,535
$20,000 to $29,999	255	100	155	3,545	1,425	2,120
$30,000 to $39,999	195	95	100	2,985	1,350	1,635
$40,000 to $49,999	115	70	45	2,405	1,235	1,170
$50,000 to $59,999	75	35	35	1,920	1,135	785
$60,000 to $69,999	70	45	25	1,600	1,110	490
$70,000 to $79,999	40	20	15	1,250	910	345
$80,000 and over	90	50	35	3,520	2,840	680
$80,000 to $89,999	35	15	15	995	700	300
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	5	705	580	125
$100,000 and over	40	25	10	1,820	1,560	255
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	755	...	...	22,450	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,261	...	...	64,009	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,944	...	...	56,754	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	230	...	...	6,230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,560	...	...	30,714	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,336	...	...	27,991	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	520	...	...	16,225	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,608	...	...	78,759	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,896	...	...	69,290	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,645	...	...	79,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,433	...	...	67,153	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	6,245	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,761	...	...	41,008	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,432	...	...	35,267	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	515	...	...	16,210	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,464	...	...	93,980	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,098	...	...	79,433	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	280	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	290	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	640	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	995	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	1,130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	980	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	1,120	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	1,110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	1,035	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	980	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	1,945	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	1,775	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	1,665	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	1,390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	1,240	...	...
$100,000 and over	215	...	...	5,880	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	95	...	...	2,295	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	1,460	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45	...	...	1,310	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	315	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	300	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	670	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	1,025	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	1,300	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	1,180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	1,305	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	1,245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	1,205	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	1,125	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...	2,265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	80	...	...	2,060	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	1,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	1,455	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	1,180	...	...
$100,000 and over	145	...	...	4,060	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	75	...	...	2,030	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	965	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	1,065	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	450	...	...	15,555	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,872	...	...	77,937	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,779	...	...	68,654	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	210	...	...	8,705	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,813	...	...	71,533	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,189	...	...	63,246	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	4,815	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,904	...	...	104,204	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,152	...	...	90,324	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	1,645	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,264	...	...	46,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,096	...	...	42,816	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	450	...	...	15,565	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,181	...	...	93,224	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,131	...	...	78,813	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...	8,665	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,439	...	...	86,690	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,860	...	...	72,779	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	4,830	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,283	...	...	115,304	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,229	...	...	97,638	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	1,635	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	87,699	...	...	56,684	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,999	...	...	50,482	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	525	275	250	8,490	4,250	4,240
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,608	30,144	27,264	29,526	34,967	26,112
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,638	26,912	24,768	26,902	30,829	24,542
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	540	295	245	8,440	4,295	4,150
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,372	36,051	36,757	38,894	42,450	35,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,766	31,431	32,168	33,287	35,936	30,543
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,750	890	855	50,195	24,880	25,315
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,050	545	505	27,195	12,985	14,215
In the bottom decile	210	105	100	5,070	2,380	2,690
In the second decile	215	105	115	5,765	2,605	3,165
In the third decile	235	120	120	5,675	2,680	2,995
In the fourth decile	185	100	90	5,415	2,650	2,765
In the fifth decile	200	115	90	5,275	2,675	2,605
In the top half of the distribution	695	350	355	22,995	11,895	11,100
In the sixth decile	160	75	80	5,310	2,685	2,620
In the seventh decile	140	70	70	5,200	2,640	2,565
In the eighth decile	160	80	85	4,695	2,460	2,230
In the ninth decile	135	70	65	4,345	2,275	2,065
In the top decile	95	50	45	3,455	1,830	1,625
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,750	890	855	49,570	24,555	25,010
0 to 17 years	280	150	130	8,370	4,240	4,130
0 to 5 years	120	80	45	2,690	1,390	1,300
18 to 64 years	1,280	640	640	29,555	14,545	15,015
65 years and over	190	95	90	11,645	5,775	5,870
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	190	100	90	7,350	3,365	3,990
0 to 17 years	40	20	15	1,520	775	745
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	520	280	240
18 to 64 years	140	75	70	4,115	1,875	2,240
65 years and over	15	10	5	1,715	715	1,005
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.9	11.2	10.5	14.8	13.7	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.3	13.3	11.5	18.2	18.3	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	12.5	22.2	19.3	20.1	18.5
18 to 64 years (%)	10.9	11.7	10.9	13.9	12.9	14.9
65 years and over (%)	7.9	10.5	5.6	14.7	12.4	17.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	90	45	45	2,800	1,360	1,435
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	505	255	255
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	160	90	75
18 to 64 years	75	35	40	2,080	1,000	1,075
65 years and over	5	5	5	215	100	110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	5.1	5.3	5.6	5.5	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.3	3.8	6.0	6.0	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.2	6.3	0.0	5.9	6.5	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.5	6.3	7.0	6.9	7.2
65 years and over (%)	2.6	5.3	5.6	1.8	1.7	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,750	895	855	50,195	24,880	25,315
Official languages	1,750	895	855	50,105	24,835	25,275
English	1,750	895	855	50,075	24,820	25,260
French	245	105	150	3,560	1,645	1,915
Non-official languages	240	90	150	4,935	2,290	2,650
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	160	75	80
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	20	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	15	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	115	55	65
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	90	45	45
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	240	95	150	4,790	2,210	2,575
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	35	20	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	0	25	255	80	175
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20	240	75	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	165	60	105	3,960	1,910	2,055
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	530	255	275
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	530	255	280
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	40	20	15
Czech	15	10	10	120	45	70
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	120	45	75
Russian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	35	30	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	105	50	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages	50	15	40	2,155	1,055	1,095
Afrikaans	0	0	0	70	25	40
Danish	0	0	0	35	25	10
Dutch	15	0	10	355	165	190
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10
German	40	15	25	1,660	830	835
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Swedish	10	10	0	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	260	145	115
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	260	140	115
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	10	0	0	80	40	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	10	165	95	75
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	40	25	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	35	50	1,125	505	625
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	0	0	0	330	155	175
Portuguese	0	0	0	95	40	55
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	85	35	50	730	320	415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	10	135	35	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	70	25	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	50	10	40
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	10	155	75	75
Chinese languages	0	0	0	155	80	80
Cantonese	10	0	0	45	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	75	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	10	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	20	0	120	40	75
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Finnish	20	10	10	70	20	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,750	900	855	50,195	24,880	25,315
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,640	840	800	48,500	24,075	24,430
Canadian citizens aged under 18	250	150	100	8,295	4,195	4,100
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,390	690	695	40,205	19,880	20,325
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	110	55	55	1,695	810	885
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,750	895	855	50,195	24,880	25,315
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,470	770	700	44,570	22,165	22,410
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	255	115	145	5,315	2,555	2,765
Before 1981	115	45	65	3,035	1,520	1,515
1981 to 1990	40	20	20	500	200	300
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	540	250	290
2001 to 2010	35	10	25	740	360	380
2001 to 2005	25	0	15	260	135	130
2006 to 2010	10	0	10	480	225	255
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	60	30	25	495	220	270
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	20	15	10	305	165	140
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	260	115	145	5,320	2,555	2,765
Under 5 years	45	25	20	695	350	345
5 to 14 years	60	35	25	1,010	500	505
15 to 24 years	55	10	50	1,190	570	620
25 to 44 years	85	35	45	2,075	955	1,120
45 years and over	15	10	0	350	175	175
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	255	110	140	5,320	2,550	2,765
Americas	75	15	55	890	410	480
Brazil	10	0	0	25	15	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	10	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	10	45	715	320	390
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	65	30	35
Europe	130	90	45	3,390	1,720	1,670
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	15	15	0
Croatia	0	0	0	20	15	10
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Germany	25	10	20	695	395	300
Greece	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Italy	0	0	0	150	80	65
Netherlands	0	0	0	310	160	145
Poland	0	0	0	60	25	30
Portugal	0	0	0	35	15	15
Romania	0	10	0	20	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	60	25	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	35	15	1,430	705	725
Other places of birth in Europe	35	30	10	480	220	260
Africa	0	0	0	145	45	100
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	105	35	75
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	35	15	15
Asia	40	0	35	705	280	425
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	95	35	60
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	20	0	15
India	10	0	0	165	90	75
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	40	10	30
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	60	35	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Philippines	30	0	25	190	45	145
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	75	30	45
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	190	95	95
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	60	35	25	495	220	275
Americas	10	0	0	85	35	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	60	25	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	15
Europe	25	20	0	175	75	100
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	80	35	45
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	30	0	25
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	20	0	15	150	55	95
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	55	15	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	75	50	30
Australia	0	10	0	50	30	15
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,750	895	850	50,195	24,885	25,315
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	310	135	175	5,865	2,850	3,020
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	385	215	165	9,795	4,840	4,955
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,060	550	510	34,530	17,190	17,345
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	140	65	75	2,350	1,080	1,270
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	75	30	45	1,350	675	670
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	15	15	595	385	210
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	45	15	30	760	295	460
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	55	30	30	890	355	535
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	90	30	55
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	10	20	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,750	900	855	50,195	24,880	25,315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	100	35	70	3,645	1,700	1,940
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	105	35	65	3,540	1,650	1,895
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	85	30	60	1,670	785	890
Métis	15	0	10	1,845	865	980
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	0	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	80	45	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,650	860	785	46,555	23,180	23,375
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,750	900	850	50,195	24,880	25,315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	80	25	50	1,120	515	605
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,670	870	800	49,075	24,365	24,710
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,750	900	850	50,195	24,880	25,315
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	30	15	15	765	355	410
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	35	15	15	750	350	405
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	15	20	540	260	275
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	205	85	120
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	110	40	75	3,530	1,740	1,790
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	110	35	75	3,330	1,635	1,695
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	20	55	1,860	890	965
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	15	1,455	740	715
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	200	105	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	200	110	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,605	840	765	45,900	22,780	23,115
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,750	895	850	50,195	24,880	25,315
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	120	45	80	1,620	730	890
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	10	355	195	160
Chinese	10	0	10	265	125	140
Black	10	0	10	175	90	85
Filipino	30	10	25	270	85	185
Latin American	10	10	10	65	30	40
Arab	0	10	0	25	10	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	45	15	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	10	0	0	100	45	55
Japanese	20	10	10	275	105	165
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	20	0	30	20	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	10	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,630	855	775	48,575	24,150	24,425
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,750	895	850	50,195	24,880	25,315
North American Aboriginal origins	145	55	85	4,300	2,095	2,200
First Nations (North American Indian)	105	30	70	2,615	1,270	1,345
Inuit	10	0	10	25	0	25
Métis	35	20	15	1,875	940	935
Other North American origins	440	210	230	13,375	6,660	6,710
Acadian	0	0	0	85	40	45
American	55	20	35	1,165	560	605
Canadian	410	205	215	12,490	6,205	6,280
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	40	30	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	30	10	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	1,475	785	690	42,400	21,005	21,395
British Isles origins	1,115	605	510	29,170	14,220	14,945
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	10
English	720	390	325	18,475	9,070	9,400
Irish	360	195	160	9,625	4,545	5,075
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	15
Scottish	540	310	235	12,870	6,080	6,795
Welsh	40	10	20	1,995	865	1,130
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	35	15	15	1,485	715	770
French origins	265	120	150	6,135	2,975	3,160
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	265	120	150	6,130	2,975	3,160
Western European origins (except French origins)	405	175	230	14,985	7,525	7,460
Austrian	50	30	15	960	495	465
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	30	15	15	365	160	205
Dutch	85	30	60	3,560	1,760	1,800
Flemish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	260	100	165	10,575	5,325	5,250
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	15	0
Swiss	35	30	10	910	435	475
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	190	110	85	6,015	3,005	3,020
Danish	45	20	25	735	370	365
Finnish	35	20	15	680	345	340
Icelandic	10	10	0	325	155	170
Norwegian	70	45	20	2,480	1,245	1,240
Swedish	30	15	20	2,085	1,010	1,075
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	270	165	105
Eastern European origins	200	110	90	7,615	3,650	3,960
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Czech	20	10	10	365	170	195
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	140	55	90
Estonian	10	10	0	50	20	25
Hungarian	15	15	10	570	280	295
Latvian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Lithuanian	15	10	10	75	35	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	20	35	1,800	865	930
Romanian	10	0	0	300	170	135
Russian	25	10	15	1,655	805	855
Slovak	0	0	0	120	70	45
Ukrainian	75	50	30	3,495	1,650	1,845
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Southern European origins	180	110	75	3,055	1,450	1,610
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	40	25	10	155	75	85
Cypriot	0	0	10	10	0	10
Greek	0	0	10	100	50	55
Italian	80	50	30	1,985	960	1,025
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maltese	10	0	10	15	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	230	125	105
Serbian	25	25	0	80	25	55
Sicilian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Spanish	15	10	0	365	140	225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	10	15	100	50	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	10	10	190	105	85
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	15	0	10	90	45	35
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	10	0	70	35	30
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	75	45	30
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jamaican	10	0	10	15	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	0	15	300	165	135
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10	30	15	15
Chilean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	120	65	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	10
African origins	15	10	15	285	135	155
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	10	150	60	85
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	0	10	110	50	60
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other African origins	0	10	0	125	65	60
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	120	55	65
Asian origins	105	45	55	1,635	745	890
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	10	0	145	85	60
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Armenian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	10	0	35	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	10
Turk	0	10	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	30	20	10	405	215	190
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	25	10	340	185	155
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	15	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	60	15	50	1,080	450	635
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	10	0	10	330	160	165
Filipino	30	0	25	310	95	210
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Japanese	20	10	10	305	110	190
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	115	60	60
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	10	10	380	205	175
Australian	15	0	10	285	160	120
New Zealander	0	0	0	90	40	50
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	10	10	10
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	755	...	...	22,450	...	...
Owner	440	...	...	17,890	...	...
Renter	315	...	...	4,525	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	1,815	...	...
Not condominium	705	...	...	20,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	130	...	...	1,885	...	...
2 bedrooms	190	...	...	5,780	...	...
3 bedrooms	205	...	...	7,970	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	230	...	...	6,770	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	245	...	...	4,450	...	...
5 rooms	120	...	...	3,705	...	...
6 rooms	115	...	...	3,420	...	...
7 rooms	75	...	...	3,130	...	...
8 or more rooms	200	...	...	7,745	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
One person or fewer per room	750	...	...	22,305	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	755	...	...	22,450	...	...
Suitable	720	...	...	22,045	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
1960 or before	45	...	...	2,700	...	...
1961 to 1980	170	...	...	7,980	...	...
1981 to 1990	110	...	...	2,810	...	...
1991 to 2000	190	...	...	4,405	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	1,345	...	...
2006 to 2010	100	...	...	2,060	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	50	...	...	1,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	700	...	...	20,875	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
1 household maintainer	415	...	...	13,090	...	...
2 household maintainers	275	...	...	8,975	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	70	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	755	...	...	22,455	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	465	...	...
25 to 34 years	170	...	...	2,260	...	...
35 to 44 years	200	...	...	2,985	...	...
45 to 54 years	90	...	...	3,860	...	...
55 to 64 years	125	...	...	5,410	...	...
65 to 74 years	100	...	...	4,345	...	...
75 to 84 years	25	...	...	2,425	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	715	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	755	...	...	21,705	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	540	...	...	17,190	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	215	...	...	4,515	...	...
30% to less than 100%	205	...	...	3,865	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	440	...	...	17,240	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.9	...	...	51.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.5	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,499	...	...	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,568	...	...	986	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	599,930	...	...	349,659	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	648,561	...	...	384,003	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	320	...	...	4,475	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.3	...	...	13.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.6	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,004	...	...	852	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,046	...	...	927	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,515	760	755	43,165	21,315	21,850
No certificate, diploma or degree	120	80	45	7,735	4,170	3,570
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	375	205	170	12,840	6,000	6,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,025	475	545	22,595	11,150	11,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	280	170	110	6,200	4,605	1,595
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	155	80	75	2,535	1,440	1,090
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	90	30	3,670	3,160	505
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	320	145	175	9,000	3,405	5,590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	45	40	1,535	515	1,015
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	330	115	215	5,865	2,625	3,240
Bachelor's degree	225	70	150	3,960	1,645	2,315
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	420	155	260
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	180	120	65
Master's degree	65	30	35	1,200	640	560
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	10	100	65	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,070	540	525	26,920	13,175	13,745
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	45	20	3,180	1,900	1,275
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	230	115	115	8,040	3,785	4,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	775	385	395	15,695	7,480	8,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	190	120	75	4,155	3,115	1,040
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	55	55	1,700	975	725
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	80	65	15	2,455	2,135	315
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	275	130	145	6,370	2,360	4,010
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	45	25	980	350	630
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	240	90	155	4,180	1,655	2,530
Bachelor's degree	155	50	110	2,920	1,075	1,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	15	265	90	175
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	145	85	55
Master's degree	60	30	30	790	365	425
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	65	40	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,520	760	760	43,170	21,315	21,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	495	285	215	20,570	10,165	10,405
Education	40	10	35	1,980	555	1,420
13. Education	40	10	35	1,975	555	1,425
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	25	30	560	240	320
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	115	90	25
50. Visual and performing arts	50	25	30	450	150	290
Humanities	50	0	45	880	360	525
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	75	20	50
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	185	45	140
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	260	90	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	75	40	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	190	115	75
54. History	10	0	10	75	45	35
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110	35	75	1,515	465	1,055
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	140	55	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	385	10	380
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	255	75	180
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	10	10	10
42. Psychology	20	0	20	285	100	185
45. Social sciences	40	10	30	435	210	225
Business, management and public administration	150	75	75	4,000	1,150	2,845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	10	350	45	300
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	140	70	70	3,630	1,095	2,535
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	35	40	555	290	265
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	20	255	110	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	120	55	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	15	135	110	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	45	25	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	10	405	195	210
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	295	170	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	0	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	45	25	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	140	135	10	5,860	5,510	350
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	90	60	25
14. Engineering	10	0	0	500	420	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	15	0	985	910	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45	45	0	1,760	1,700	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0	1,645	1,575	70
48. Precision production	40	40	0	885	845	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	40	30	1,030	685	345
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	475	250	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	20	555	435	120
Health and related fields	170	25	140	3,790	610	3,180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	10	20	415	235	175
51. Health professions and related programs	130	15	115	3,350	355	2,990
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	30	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	65	70	2,025	1,090	935
12. Personal and culinary services	80	20	60	1,195	350	845
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	20	10
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	165	125	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	35	10	640	595	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,070	540	525	26,915	13,170	13,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	295	160	135	11,220	5,695	5,530
Education	40	10	35	1,115	235	880
13. Education	45	10	35	1,115	235	880
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	25	30	365	140	230
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	65	35	25
50. Visual and performing arts	45	20	30	310	105	205
Humanities	25	0	30	585	245	340
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	60	20	40
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	125	35	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	190	60	125
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	25	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	115	70	40
54. History	10	0	0	50	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	25	60	1,135	295	840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	105	30	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	295	10	295
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	180	35	140
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	10	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	195	65	130
45. Social sciences	35	15	25	340	145	195
Business, management and public administration	100	60	45	2,760	725	2,035
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	270	30	240
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	95	55	35	2,475	690	1,785
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	30	15	390	180	205
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	10	200	85	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	80	35	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	0	10	75	45	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	25	15	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	10	305	160	150
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	235	155	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	10	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	110	105	10	3,955	3,660	295
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	60	35	25
14. Engineering	10	0	0	340	270	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	15	0	660	600	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	1,210	1,150	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	30	0	1,110	1,055	55
48. Precision production	30	30	10	585	550	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	40	30	815	500	310
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	360	165	200
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	20	455	340	110
Health and related fields	115	25	90	2,745	475	2,265
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	10	15	375	205	165
51. Health professions and related programs	85	15	75	2,345	255	2,095
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	20	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	100	40	60	1,520	860	665
12. Personal and culinary services	60	15	50	870	285	585
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	140	100	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	25	10	500	460	40
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,520	755	760	43,170	21,315	21,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	495	280	210	20,570	10,165	10,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,025	475	545	22,595	11,155	11,445
Location of study inside Canada	865	400	460	19,955	9,740	10,215
Same as province or territory of residence	490	240	255	12,585	5,975	6,610
Different than province or territory of residence	370	165	200	7,370	3,765	3,605
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	165	70	90	2,640	1,415	1,225
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	25	25	685	445	240
Philippines	10	0	10	135	25	110
India	0	0	10	70	35	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	20	15	570	310	260
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	15
France	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other	70	30	40	1,150	590	560
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,070	545	525	26,915	13,175	13,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	295	160	130	11,225	5,690	5,530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	775	380	395	15,695	7,485	8,210
Location of study inside Canada	645	325	320	14,130	6,730	7,410
Same as province or territory of residence	370	190	180	9,205	4,240	4,965
Different than province or territory of residence	270	135	140	4,930	2,490	2,445
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	135	60	75	1,560	755	810
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	10	420	245	175
Philippines	0	0	0	105	20	85
India	10	0	0	55	25	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	20	10	220	115	105
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	65	25	40	725	335	390
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,515	755	760	43,170	21,320	21,850
In the labour force	1,205	590	620	25,395	13,380	12,015
Employed	1,130	545	585	23,110	11,960	11,145
Unemployed	80	50	30	2,285	1,420	865
Not in the labour force	310	165	140	17,770	7,940	9,835
Participation rate	79.5	78.1	81.6	58.8	62.8	55.0
Employment rate	74.6	72.2	77.0	53.5	56.1	51.0
Unemployment rate	6.6	8.5	4.8	9.0	10.6	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,515	755	760	43,170	21,320	21,850
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	250	145	105	15,770	6,865	8,910
Worked	1,270	615	655	27,390	14,450	12,940
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	465	225	240	11,045	6,495	4,555
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	800	390	415	16,345	7,965	8,385
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	39.6	41.1	40.1	40.3	39.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,205	590	615	25,395	13,380	12,015
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	15	10	285	120	165
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,195	580	615	25,110	13,260	11,850
Employee	915	425	490	20,610	10,540	10,075
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	275	155	125	4,495	2,720	1,775
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,210	595	620	25,395	13,380	12,020
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	15	0	285	120	165
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,195	580	610	25,110	13,255	11,850
0 Management occupations	220	125	95	2,910	1,735	1,170
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	80	0	80	2,790	545	2,250
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	65	15	1,275	1,000	275
3 Health occupations	65	10	60	1,525	290	1,235
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	10	55	2,030	460	1,570
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	25	25	640	235	405
6 Sales and service occupations	395	165	230	6,325	2,295	4,030
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	165	140	20	5,180	4,815	365
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	70	45	25	1,320	970	350
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	1,115	910	200
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,210	590	615	25,395	13,380	12,015
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	15	0	285	125	165
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,190	580	615	25,110	13,255	11,850
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	50	15	1,390	990	395
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	10	0	500	425	75
22 Utilities	0	0	0	160	135	25
23 Construction	90	80	10	2,825	2,430	400
31-33 Manufacturing	15	10	0	2,225	1,745	475
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	10	400	285	110
44-45 Retail trade	125	50	70	3,120	1,300	1,820
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	75	60	10	1,450	1,195	255
51 Information and cultural industries	0	10	0	250	110	140
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	575	120	455
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	15	590	300	295
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	60	25	30	1,120	505	615
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	15	55	1,105	570	540
61 Educational services	55	15	45	1,335	355	980
62 Health care and social assistance	70	0	65	2,370	340	2,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	40	30	15	1,085	570	520
72 Accommodation and food services	365	155	210	2,535	900	1,635
81 Other services (except public administration)	50	15	35	1,165	530	630
91 Public administration	80	55	25	905	450	450
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,130	540	590	23,110	11,960	11,150
Worked at home	155	70	85	2,280	1,080	1,205
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	45	30	15
No fixed workplace address	160	125	40	4,010	3,005	1,005
Worked at usual place	800	345	450	16,780	7,850	8,930
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	800	345	450	16,780	7,850	8,930
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	735	330	410	10,645	4,780	5,860
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	40	10	30	3,735	1,650	2,085
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	0	20	2,030	1,165	870
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	375	255	120
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	965	475	490	20,785	10,850	9,930
Car, truck, van - as a driver	550	280	265	16,515	8,810	7,705
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	20	15	1,240	550	695
Public transit	15	0	10	220	105	120
Walked	240	105	135	1,420	580	835
Bicycle	95	40	55	865	465	400
Other method	25	20	0	525	345	180
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	965	475	490	20,790	10,850	9,930
Less than 15 minutes	735	350	385	11,575	5,525	6,055
15 to 29 minutes	130	75	55	4,910	2,525	2,390
30 to 44 minutes	45	20	25	2,035	1,190	850
45 to 59 minutes	20	10	15	720	490	235
60 minutes and over	35	20	10	1,530	1,125	410
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	965	470	490	20,790	10,850	9,935
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	40	25	15	1,590	1,205	380
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	75	40	35	3,720	2,535	1,185
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	235	160	75	5,225	2,775	2,450
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	225	80	145	4,720	1,700	3,015
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	225	90	135	2,240	795	1,445
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	165	80	85	3,300	1,840	1,465
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,300	640	665	28,355	14,865	13,490
Single responses	1,295	635	665	28,325	14,850	13,470
Official languages	1,295	635	660	28,280	14,835	13,445
English	1,295	635	660	28,190	14,795	13,395
French	0	0	0	90	35	50
Non-official languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	35	15	20
English and French	0	10	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,305	640	660	28,360	14,865	13,490
None	1,270	625	645	27,700	14,575	13,125
English	0	0	0	80	20	55
French	25	0	20	390	170	220
Non-official language	10	10	0	170	100	70
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	15	15
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	0	135	80	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,735	895	845	49,770	24,690	25,080
Non-movers	1,335	700	635	42,125	20,940	21,180
Movers	400	195	205	7,650	3,750	3,900
Non-migrants	210	100	105	3,575	1,705	1,865
Migrants	195	90	110	4,070	2,035	2,030
Internal migrants	155	75	85	3,845	1,935	1,910
Intraprovincial migrants	90	40	50	2,395	1,150	1,245
Interprovincial migrants	65	35	35	1,450	790	660
External migrants	40	20	20	225	100	125
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,645	840	805	47,930	23,830	24,095
Non-movers	790	385	410	29,920	15,020	14,905
Movers	855	455	400	18,010	8,815	9,195
Non-migrants	345	185	160	7,210	3,470	3,740
Migrants	510	275	235	10,795	5,345	5,455
Internal migrants	435	230	200	10,080	4,995	5,090
Intraprovincial migrants	255	155	105	6,330	3,110	3,225
Interprovincial migrants	185	80	100	3,750	1,885	1,870
External migrants	70	40	30	715	355	365

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Tofino, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Columbia-Shuswap, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tofino, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Tofino, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tofino, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia