Census Profile, 2016 Census
Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Beauharnois-Salaberry, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Powell River, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Beauharnois-Salaberry, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Beauharnois-Salaberry, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	13,157	...	...	64,320	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	13,165	...	...	61,950	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,354	...	...	30,151	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,078	...	...	28,865	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	455.1	...	...	136.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	28.91	...	...	471.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	13,160	6,400	6,760	64,320	31,470	32,850
0 to 14 years	1,750	895	855	9,410	4,875	4,540
0 to 4 years	520	285	240	3,280	1,690	1,595
5 to 9 years	590	305	285	3,260	1,670	1,585
10 to 14 years	640	310	335	2,875	1,515	1,355
15 to 64 years	7,840	3,855	3,990	40,885	20,295	20,595
15 to 19 years	710	375	335	3,105	1,560	1,545
20 to 24 years	500	270	225	3,935	1,990	1,940
25 to 29 years	545	275	265	3,900	1,990	1,910
30 to 34 years	635	295	335	3,625	1,845	1,780
35 to 39 years	575	270	305	3,805	1,910	1,900
40 to 44 years	650	310	335	3,305	1,650	1,655
45 to 49 years	805	395	410	3,715	1,805	1,915
50 to 54 years	1,070	490	580	5,015	2,435	2,585
55 to 59 years	1,135	570	570	5,580	2,710	2,870
60 to 64 years	1,215	590	625	4,890	2,400	2,490
65 years and over	3,565	1,650	1,915	14,020	6,310	7,710
65 to 69 years	1,115	565	550	4,270	2,075	2,190
70 to 74 years	810	370	435	3,695	1,745	1,945
75 to 79 years	635	310	325	2,420	1,075	1,350
80 to 84 years	480	205	270	1,840	790	1,050
85 years and over	530	195	330	1,800	625	1,175
85 to 89 years	350	145	200	1,165	450	710
90 to 94 years	135	40	95	495	155	345
95 to 99 years	40	5	30	130	25	105
100 years and over	5	0	5	20	0	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.0	12.6	14.6	15.5	13.8
15 to 64 years	59.6	60.2	59.0	63.6	64.5	62.7
65 years and over	27.1	25.8	28.3	21.8	20.1	23.5
85 years and over	4.0	3.0	4.9	2.8	2.0	3.6
Average age of the population	47.7	46.6	48.8	44.2	43.0	45.3
Median age of the population	52.2	51.2	52.9	46.5	44.7	48.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
Single-detached house	4,465	...	...	15,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	25	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,445	...	...	13,550	...	...
Semi-detached house	235	...	...	1,615	...	...
Row house	100	...	...	460	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	290	...	...	3,460	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	790	...	...	7,885	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	130	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	150	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,075	...	...	28,865	...	...
1 person	2,025	...	...	9,920	...	...
2 persons	2,535	...	...	10,790	...	...
3 persons	705	...	...	3,910	...	...
4 persons	540	...	...	2,875	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...	1,365	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,855	...	...	62,230	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	11,405	5,505	5,905	54,905	26,600	28,305
Married or living common law	6,780	3,380	3,400	30,815	15,390	15,425
Married	5,505	2,745	2,765	16,710	8,360	8,345
Living common law	1,280	640	640	14,110	7,025	7,080
Not married and not living common law	4,625	2,120	2,505	24,095	11,210	12,880
Never married	2,385	1,370	1,015	14,910	8,060	6,845
Separated	380	160	220	780	360	425
Divorced	910	395	515	4,440	1,875	2,565
Widowed	950	190	760	3,970	925	3,045
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,870	...	...	18,290	...	...
2 persons	2,520	...	...	10,770	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	3,705	...	...
4 persons	485	...	...	2,730	...	...
5 or more persons	220	...	...	1,085	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,865	...	...	18,290	...	...
Total couple families	3,315	...	...	15,050	...	...
Married couples	2,675	...	...	8,000	...	...
Common-law couples	640	...	...	7,050	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	555	...	...	3,240	...	...
Female parent	425	...	...	2,430	...	...
Male parent	130	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,315	...	...	15,050	...	...
Couples without children	2,155	...	...	8,685	...	...
Couples with children	1,160	...	...	6,365	...	...
1 child	495	...	...	2,825	...	...
2 children	450	...	...	2,500	...	...
3 or more children	210	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	555	...	...	3,240	...	...
1 child	365	...	...	2,080	...	...
2 children	150	...	...	880	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,765	1,260	1,505	12,855	6,270	6,585
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
One-census-family households	3,770	...	...	17,865	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,110	...	...	8,515	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,660	...	...	9,355	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	50	...	...	215	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,260	...	...	10,790	...	...
One-person households	2,030	...	...	9,920	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	235	...	...	870	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	13,015	6,330	6,680	63,060	30,915	32,140
English only	12,105	5,925	6,180	375	205	170
French only	5	0	5	38,730	18,045	20,685
English and French	870	385	480	23,910	12,655	11,255
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	40	15	30
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	13,010	6,330	6,680	63,060	30,920	32,140
English	12,675	6,170	6,505	2,300	1,185	1,115
French	295	140	160	60,410	29,570	30,840
English and French	10	10	5	310	160	150
Neither English nor French	30	10	15	35	10	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	300	140	160	2,450	1,260	1,195
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.2	2.4	3.9	4.1	3.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	13,010	6,330	6,685	63,060	30,920	32,140
Single responses	12,855	6,265	6,595	62,355	30,570	31,785
Official languages	11,790	5,810	5,975	61,480	30,120	31,355
English	11,455	5,660	5,800	2,050	1,040	1,015
French	335	160	180	59,430	29,080	30,350
Non-official languages	1,070	450	615	880	450	425
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	5	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,060	455	605	875	450	425
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	130	75	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	120	75	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	120	70	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	70	30	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	10	5	5	60	30	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	10	35	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	780	340	445	510	270	240
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	100	40	60	75	40	35
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	35	55	75	40	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	30	15	15
Russian	25	5	20	25	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	20	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	365	165	195	65	40	25
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dutch	140	60	80	20	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	185	90	90	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	5	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	30	25	5
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	15	20	15	5
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	5	0
Hindi	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	105	155	315	150	160
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	200	90	110	80	50	30
Portuguese	5	0	0	40	15	25
Romanian	0	0	5	35	20	20
Spanish	55	10	40	160	70	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	10	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	45	55	20	30
Chinese languages	75	25	45	55	25	30
Cantonese	40	15	25	20	10	15
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	5	20	25	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	10	0	5
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	15	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	25	10	10	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	65	95	705	345	355
English and French	25	10	20	595	290	300
English and non-official language	115	50	70	10	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	80	40	40
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	25	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	13,015	6,330	6,685	63,060	30,920	32,140
Single responses	12,835	6,250	6,585	62,190	30,475	31,720
Official languages	12,590	6,140	6,450	61,870	30,320	31,550
English	12,505	6,100	6,405	1,745	890	855
French	85	40	45	60,125	29,425	30,695
Non-official languages	250	115	130	325	155	170
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	245	115	130	320	155	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	40	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	40	20	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	40	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	5	0	45	15	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	65	85	165	75	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	35	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	35	25	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	10	5	5
Russian	10	5	0	20	10	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	5	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	0	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	40	105	45	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	35	15	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Spanish	5	0	0	70	25	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	35	15	15
Chinese languages	35	15	20	30	15	20
Cantonese	15	5	10	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	10	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	75	100	870	445	425
English and French	10	0	5	620	305	315
English and non-official language	160	75	85	40	25	10
French and non-official language	5	0	0	165	90	75
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	45	20	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	13,015	6,330	6,685	63,055	30,915	32,140
None	12,295	6,030	6,270	58,400	28,525	29,875
English	155	75	80	3,295	1,730	1,570
French	175	75	95	915	450	465
Non-official language	370	140	230	325	165	165
Aboriginal	5	0	5	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	370	145	230	325	165	160
English and French	0	0	0	25	10	15
English and non-official language	0	5	0	75	35	45
French and non-official language	10	5	5	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,110	5,375	5,730	52,855	25,795	27,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,755	5,210	5,545	51,330	25,110	26,220
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,991	39,323	24,717	31,224	37,259	25,482
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,765	5,220	5,550	51,355	25,115	26,240
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,268	35,052	23,450	28,173	32,755	23,752
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,590	4,730	4,855	44,090	22,335	21,750
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,288	33,306	19,405	28,229	34,816	22,335
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,210	3,685	4,530	40,660	18,880	21,785
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,165	11,216	9,083	8,650	8,188	9,098
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,480	3,985	3,495	35,515	18,840	16,680
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,397	26,912	20,891	29,546	34,099	25,678
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	11,100	5,320	5,775	52,855	25,785	27,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,770	5,180	5,590	51,230	25,040	26,190
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,343	48,640	30,732	37,228	43,622	31,114
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,775	5,180	5,595	51,260	25,045	26,215
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,835	40,820	27,369	31,500	36,169	27,039
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,640	4,725	4,910	44,135	22,325	21,810
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,605	45,474	26,108	34,593	41,367	27,660
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,285	3,685	4,595	40,670	18,805	21,860
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,735	10,035	9,495	9,355	8,981	9,677
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,435	3,890	3,545	35,515	18,800	16,715
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,034	41,023	26,359	34,887	39,296	29,928
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	11,095	5,320	5,780	52,855	25,785	27,065
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,460	1,360	1,095	15,315	8,270	7,045
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,135	64,784	41,084	43,934	50,562	38,835
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,824	67,604	43,420	49,240	55,248	42,187
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.6	84.4	75.5	80.1	84.6	74.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.9	63.6	54.9	65.2	68.0	61.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.3	15.7	24.5	19.9	15.4	25.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	11,110	5,375	5,730	52,855	25,795	27,055
Without total income	350	160	185	1,520	685	835
With total income	10,755	5,210	5,545	51,330	25,110	26,220
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.9	96.8	97.1	97.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,395	535	855	5,770	2,300	3,475
$10,000 to $19,999	2,085	765	1,320	10,205	3,665	6,535
$20,000 to $29,999	1,765	655	1,105	8,785	3,770	5,010
$30,000 to $39,999	1,470	690	780	7,570	3,825	3,745
$40,000 to $49,999	1,150	605	545	6,310	3,325	2,985
$50,000 to $59,999	800	445	355	4,175	2,480	1,690
$60,000 to $69,999	570	365	205	2,825	1,730	1,095
$70,000 to $79,999	415	290	130	2,165	1,385	780
$80,000 to $89,999	350	270	85	1,280	895	385
$90,000 to $99,999	245	190	55	775	585	195
$100,000 and over	520	405	120	1,480	1,155	325
$100,000 to $149,999	415	320	90	1,140	900	240
$150,000 and over	105	80	25	340	255	85
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,105	5,375	5,735	52,855	25,800	27,055
Without after-tax income	340	155	185	1,500	685	815
With after-tax income	10,765	5,220	5,550	51,350	25,115	26,240
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.1	96.8	97.2	97.3	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,455	560	885	6,030	2,335	3,695
$10,000 to $19,999	2,210	825	1,385	10,750	3,920	6,830
$20,000 to $29,999	2,020	770	1,250	10,785	4,885	5,900
$30,000 to $39,999	1,695	845	850	9,475	4,955	4,525
$40,000 to $49,999	1,170	645	530	6,250	3,620	2,630
$50,000 to $59,999	750	480	275	3,735	2,330	1,405
$60,000 to $69,999	515	380	135	2,210	1,475	740
$70,000 to $79,999	400	295	105	960	700	260
$80,000 and over	545	415	125	1,160	895	260
$80,000 to $89,999	240	190	45	470	375	95
$90,000 to $99,999	110	90	20	240	195	45
$100,000 and over	200	145	55	445	330	120
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	11,105	5,375	5,730	52,855	25,795	27,055
Without employment income	3,625	1,390	2,240	17,340	6,960	10,380
With employment income	7,480	3,985	3,495	35,515	18,840	16,675
Percentage with employment income	67.4	74.1	61.0	67.2	73.0	61.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,895	1,085	810	5,080	2,990	2,090
$5,000 to $9,999	610	290	320	2,600	1,060	1,540
$10,000 to $19,999	955	385	575	5,360	2,265	3,100
$20,000 to $29,999	840	335	500	4,910	2,225	2,680
$30,000 to $39,999	675	275	405	4,720	2,225	2,490
$40,000 to $49,999	525	225	305	3,865	2,090	1,775
$50,000 to $59,999	485	270	220	2,645	1,575	1,070
$60,000 to $69,999	360	245	125	2,045	1,275	770
$70,000 to $79,999	305	220	85	1,685	1,100	585
$80,000 and over	820	660	160	2,610	2,030	580
$80,000 to $89,999	275	215	60	990	730	260
$90,000 to $99,999	190	160	35	600	460	145
$100,000 and over	355	290	60	1,015	840	180
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,525	...	...	54,509	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,795	...	...	48,139	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,025	...	...	9,920	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,520	...	...	28,226	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,384	...	...	26,088	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,050	...	...	18,945	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,526	...	...	72,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,677	...	...	62,860	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,732	...	...	66,074	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,992	...	...	55,939	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,030	...	...	9,910	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,813	...	...	35,364	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,601	...	...	30,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,050	...	...	18,955	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,730	...	...	82,130	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,220	...	...	69,444	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,075	...	...	28,865	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	195	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	485	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	245	...	...	1,220	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	330	...	...	1,670	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	365	...	...	1,730	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	275	...	...	1,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	310	...	...	1,620	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	1,725	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	335	...	...	1,640	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...	1,510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	530	...	...	2,590	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	455	...	...	2,370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	1,950	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	350	...	...	1,675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	315	...	...	1,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,295	...	...	5,570	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	545	...	...	2,500	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	1,405	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	285	...	...	1,170	...	...
$200,000 and over	140	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,075	...	...	28,865	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	210	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	490	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	250	...	...	1,225	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	340	...	...	1,745	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	420	...	...	1,970	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	330	...	...	1,690	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	375	...	...	2,055	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	405	...	...	2,010	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	380	...	...	1,905	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...	1,785	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...	3,065	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	555	...	...	2,550	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	2,050	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	375	...	...	1,655	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290	...	...	1,290	...	...
$100,000 and over	840	...	...	3,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	425	...	...	1,840	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	220	...	...	760	...	...
$150,000 and over	195	...	...	565	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,870	...	...	18,315	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,040	...	...	72,666	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,984	...	...	62,986	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,090	...	...	8,350	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,601	...	...	64,817	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,694	...	...	56,547	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,170	...	...	6,405	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,120	...	...	99,865	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,625	...	...	84,941	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...	3,135	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,112	...	...	48,198	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,782	...	...	44,134	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,870	...	...	18,360	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,166	...	...	82,385	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,465	...	...	69,559	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,065	...	...	8,335	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,428	...	...	74,438	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,024	...	...	62,828	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,170	...	...	6,450	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,508	...	...	107,059	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,396	...	...	89,247	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	520	...	...	3,120	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,700	...	...	53,598	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,084	...	...	47,372	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,575	1,170	1,405	11,765	5,765	6,000
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,928	30,720	25,006	26,642	31,184	23,619
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,064	28,000	23,974	24,900	28,032	22,889
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,540	1,140	1,395	11,730	5,655	6,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,146	37,782	31,169	33,643	37,575	29,980
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,177	32,780	28,046	28,778	31,260	26,467
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	12,860	6,270	6,590	62,230	30,650	31,580
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,460	3,475	3,985	39,040	18,665	20,375
In the bottom decile	1,545	735	810	6,050	2,800	3,250
In the second decile	1,520	625	890	7,790	3,380	4,410
In the third decile	1,530	705	820	8,775	4,280	4,500
In the fourth decile	1,500	715	785	8,600	4,265	4,330
In the fifth decile	1,375	690	675	7,830	3,940	3,885
In the top half of the distribution	5,395	2,795	2,605	23,190	11,980	11,210
In the sixth decile	1,315	670	645	7,065	3,610	3,455
In the seventh decile	1,145	580	565	6,110	3,165	2,945
In the eighth decile	1,235	645	590	4,915	2,560	2,360
In the ninth decile	1,065	570	495	3,355	1,755	1,600
In the top decile	635	330	310	1,745	895	845
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	12,860	6,270	6,590	62,230	30,650	31,585
0 to 17 years	2,205	1,145	1,060	11,110	5,730	5,375
0 to 5 years	640	340	300	3,960	2,035	1,925
18 to 64 years	7,320	3,560	3,765	38,855	19,225	19,625
65 years and over	3,330	1,565	1,770	12,275	5,690	6,580
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,190	980	1,205	9,795	4,250	5,550
0 to 17 years	490	255	240	1,910	980	935
0 to 5 years	145	80	65	650	310	335
18 to 64 years	1,220	555	665	5,540	2,490	3,055
65 years and over	480	170	305	2,340	780	1,565
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	15.6	18.3	15.7	13.9	17.6
0 to 17 years (%)	22.2	22.3	22.6	17.2	17.1	17.4
0 to 5 years (%)	22.7	23.5	21.7	16.4	15.2	17.4
18 to 64 years (%)	16.7	15.6	17.7	14.3	13.0	15.6
65 years and over (%)	14.4	10.9	17.2	19.1	13.7	23.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	955	475	480	4,625	2,205	2,415
0 to 17 years	165	90	70	835	425	415
0 to 5 years	50	25	25	295	135	160
18 to 64 years	725	355	375	3,520	1,680	1,840
65 years and over	65	30	40	270	110	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.6	7.3	7.4	7.2	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	7.5	7.9	6.6	7.5	7.4	7.7
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	7.4	8.3	7.4	6.6	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	10.0	10.0	9.1	8.7	9.4
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.9	2.3	2.2	1.9	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	12,855	6,210	6,650	62,235	30,650	31,585
Official languages	12,825	6,190	6,640	62,170	30,635	31,535
English	12,825	6,190	6,635	24,170	12,925	11,245
French	855	405	445	61,840	30,450	31,390
Non-official languages	1,415	630	790	2,225	1,105	1,125
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	10	0	10	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,405	620	785	2,225	1,100	1,120
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	290	165	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	280	165	110
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	265	155	110
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maltese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	40	25	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	40	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	30	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	40	20	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,030	465	565	1,640	820	820
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	45	70	85	35	45
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	110	45	70	80	35	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	15	40	20	20
Russian	25	10	15	30	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	0	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	425	200	225	145	90	55
Afrikaans	20	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	125	50	75	40	25	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	270	145	125	100	55	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	20	70	40	25
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	20	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	440	200	240	1,395	680	720
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	235	105	135	225	135	90
Portuguese	10	10	0	70	35	35
Romanian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Spanish	205	100	105	1,080	485	590
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	20	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	20	60	25	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	15	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	20	15	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	15	0	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	30	15	15
American Sign Language	25	10	10	0	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	20	80	30	45
Chinese languages	55	30	25	75	35	45
Cantonese	30	10	20	40	10	40
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	0	40	25	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	30	30	15	15
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	40	0	35	30	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	25	20	10	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	20	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	12,860	6,210	6,645	62,230	30,650	31,585
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	12,485	6,065	6,425	61,780	30,440	31,340
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,145	1,085	1,060	11,165	5,825	5,340
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,345	4,980	5,360	50,610	24,615	26,000
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	370	145	225	455	210	245
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	12,855	6,215	6,645	62,235	30,650	31,585
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	11,105	5,450	5,655	60,670	29,910	30,760
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,710	740	970	1,450	690	760
Before 1981	1,160	530	630	550	270	280
1981 to 1990	155	70	85	205	115	95
1991 to 2000	125	40	90	225	75	150
2001 to 2010	155	60	95	335	170	170
2001 to 2005	55	20	30	190	100	90
2006 to 2010	100	40	60	145	70	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	115	40	75	130	60	75
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	50	25	20	110	55	60
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,705	735	970	1,450	690	760
Under 5 years	180	80	100	225	100	130
5 to 14 years	340	175	165	260	120	135
15 to 24 years	435	190	240	330	150	180
25 to 44 years	680	270	410	575	290	285
45 years and over	65	15	50	65	25	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,710	735	970	1,450	690	765
Americas	195	100	95	295	95	200
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	10	0	10	10	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	30	0	25
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	35	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	170	90	80	115	30	95
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	80	45	40
Europe	1,190	515	675	715	390	320
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	275	150	120
Germany	120	80	40	50	25	30
Greece	10	0	15	20	20	10
Hungary	30	20	15	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	150	60	90	40	30	15
Netherlands	135	50	85	40	25	20
Poland	40	20	25	15	10	15
Portugal	0	0	0	50	20	30
Romania	0	0	0	55	40	15
Russian Federation	10	0	10	15	0	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	540	210	325	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	90	55	35	105	50	50
Africa	70	40	35	255	130	120
Algeria	0	0	0	45	25	25
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	105	55	50
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	10	85	40	40
Asia	200	65	130	185	60	120
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	15	10	50	10	45
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	10	0	10
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	20	35	20	10	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	40	10	35	40	15	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	50	20	35	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	115	40	75	130	55	70
Americas	15	0	10	15	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Europe	10	0	10	40	30	10
France	0	0	0	30	25	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	10	10	0
Africa	20	10	15	40	20	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	10	10	0
Asia	60	15	40	40	10	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	12,860	6,210	6,645	62,230	30,650	31,585
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,815	785	1,025	1,605	760	845
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,835	1,335	1,495	2,085	1,055	1,030
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,210	4,085	4,125	58,540	28,835	29,705
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	555	210	350	915	430	490
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	240	95	145	365	200	165
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	95	45	45	190	130	60
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	150	55	100	175	75	100
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	265	90	175	450	170	280
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	25	20	85	45	40
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	12,855	6,210	6,645	62,230	30,650	31,585
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	650	305	350	795	415	380
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	645	305	340	730	400	335
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	410	170	235	330	175	155
Métis	220	125	90	395	225	170
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	35	10	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	12,210	5,905	6,300	61,440	30,235	31,205
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	12,855	6,210	6,645	62,230	30,650	31,585
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	295	105	190	255	110	145
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,565	6,105	6,455	61,980	30,540	31,440
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	12,860	6,210	6,650	62,230	30,645	31,585
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	105	45	65	635	305	330
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	110	45	65	630	305	325
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	95	30	65	515	255	260
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	110	55	60
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	830	400	425	1,855	885	970
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	810	390	420	1,815	865	955
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	555	250	310	1,520	725	785
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	105	75	290	125	165
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	40	35	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	0	10	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	11,925	5,770	6,155	59,740	29,460	30,280
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	12,860	6,210	6,650	62,235	30,650	31,585
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	480	215	265	935	445	485
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	55	30	20	25	0	15
Chinese	75	35	40	100	35	65
Black	80	40	30	295	145	150
Filipino	90	40	45	30	10	20
Latin American	10	10	10	125	50	75
Arab	0	0	0	215	125	90
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	50	10	40	70	30	40
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	30	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	25	0	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	30	15	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	0	35	25	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	12,380	5,995	6,385	61,300	30,205	31,095
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	12,855	6,210	6,645	62,230	30,650	31,580
North American Aboriginal origins	935	445	495	2,495	1,190	1,305
First Nations (North American Indian)	665	290	380	2,075	1,000	1,075
Inuit	75	35	35	20	10	10
Métis	205	125	85	440	195	245
Other North American origins	3,820	1,985	1,835	48,885	23,910	24,975
Acadian	20	15	10	320	150	170
American	290	145	145	435	165	265
Canadian	3,620	1,885	1,735	46,935	22,995	23,940
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	55	20	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	25	10	10
Québécois	10	10	0	1,930	940	990
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	11,035	5,305	5,730	20,670	10,295	10,375
British Isles origins	7,955	3,790	4,155	5,595	2,740	2,855
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	5,010	2,345	2,660	1,460	715	745
Irish	2,665	1,200	1,465	3,515	1,710	1,805
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,785	1,750	2,040	1,495	700	790
Welsh	520	235	285	40	10	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	460	230	230	60	25	35
French origins	1,850	905	945	15,255	7,585	7,670
Alsatian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	140	45	95
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,845	900	940	15,160	7,555	7,610
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,945	1,415	1,525	1,750	810	940
Austrian	155	90	70	35	20	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	60	30	30	380	180	200
Dutch	800	360	440	255	95	160
Flemish	15	10	15	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,035	985	1,050	995	470	525
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	120	55	70	200	95	100
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,445	710	735	65	35	25
Danish	190	80	100	15	10	0
Finnish	180	90	95	10	0	10
Icelandic	95	45	50	0	0	0
Norwegian	520	310	210	10	0	10
Swedish	555	250	310	0	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	20	35	25	20	10
Eastern European origins	1,525	660	860	570	300	265
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	10	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	10	10	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	195	80	115	105	65	45
Latvian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	455	195	260	180	95	90
Romanian	55	15	35	100	60	40
Russian	280	135	150	100	30	75
Slovak	15	0	15	15	10	0
Ukrainian	645	280	360	85	45	40
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	15	10	0
Southern European origins	1,355	600	755	1,665	885	775
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	30	50	155	90	65
Italian	940	435	505	1,110	590	515
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	150	60	85	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	10	30	215	110	105
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	95	50	45	265	135	125
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	0	35	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	30	30	85	40	45
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	0	15	40	20	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	30	15	35	20	20
Caribbean origins	50	20	30	270	140	125
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	30	20	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	55	30	30
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	100	40	60
Jamaican	20	0	15	55	40	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	50	15	40	210	80	130
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	20	0	15
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	10	10	65	25	35
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	110	60	50	450	220	230
Central and West African origins	15	0	10	65	35	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	10	0	15	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	10
North African origins	10	0	10	320	170	145
Algerian	10	0	10	60	40	25
Berber	0	0	0	10	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	170	85	80
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	35	10	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	15	20	55	10	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	40	10	15	0	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	50	40	10	20	0	20
Asian origins	420	180	240	425	190	235
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	0	10	120	75	45
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	20	0	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	40	30	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	60	40	20	50	15	30
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	30	20	40	10	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	350	140	210	260	110	155
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	120	50	70	135	50	90
Filipino	95	45	55	50	25	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	20	0	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	30	30	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	25	30	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	45	20	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	125	50	80	0	0	0
Australian	70	25	40	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	50	20	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	20	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
Owner	4,565	...	...	17,815	...	...
Renter	1,510	...	...	11,050	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
Condominium	320	...	...	2,025	...	...
Not condominium	5,755	...	...	26,840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,075	...	...	28,865	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	590	...	...	4,155	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,795	...	...	10,075	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,020	...	...	9,760	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,650	...	...	4,835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,445	...	...	9,725	...	...
5 rooms	970	...	...	5,320	...	...
6 rooms	910	...	...	3,610	...	...
7 rooms	775	...	...	3,510	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,970	...	...	6,710	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,075	...	...	28,865	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,050	...	...	28,760	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
Suitable	5,950	...	...	28,180	...	...
Not suitable	125	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
1960 or before	2,400	...	...	9,200	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,825	...	...	8,875	...	...
1981 to 1990	520	...	...	3,855	...	...
1991 to 2000	795	...	...	2,100	...	...
2001 to 2005	130	...	...	1,035	...	...
2006 to 2010	280	...	...	1,880	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	135	...	...	1,920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,080	...	...	28,865	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,540	...	...	27,015	...	...
Major repairs needed	540	...	...	1,850	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,075	...	...	28,865	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,820	...	...	18,755	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,205	...	...	9,890	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,075	...	...	28,865	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	1,020	...	...
25 to 34 years	555	...	...	3,765	...	...
35 to 44 years	650	...	...	4,175	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,020	...	...	5,160	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,475	...	...	6,575	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,155	...	...	4,940	...	...
75 to 84 years	790	...	...	2,515	...	...
85 years and over	295	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,060	...	...	28,615	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,710	...	...	22,275	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,350	...	...	6,340	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,220	...	...	5,925	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,550	...	...	17,605	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.4	...	...	62.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.8	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	711	...	...	979	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	899	...	...	1,011	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,875	...	...	200,592	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	277,720	...	...	232,217	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,510	...	...	11,030	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.9	...	...	7.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.4	...	...	35.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	772	...	...	650	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	826	...	...	684	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,100	5,325	5,775	52,855	25,790	27,070
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,205	1,145	1,055	14,065	7,115	6,950
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,475	1,490	1,990	12,700	6,060	6,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,415	2,685	2,730	26,090	12,610	13,480
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,570	1,220	345	11,580	6,925	4,655
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	625	405	220	8,210	4,160	4,050
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	940	815	125	3,370	2,765	605
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,190	760	1,430	8,400	3,240	5,160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	320	95	225	1,310	495	815
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,335	615	725	4,800	1,960	2,840
Bachelor's degree	760	330	430	3,460	1,340	2,110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	70	75	485	180	305
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	35	25	105	50	55
Master's degree	295	140	160	690	340	350
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	40	35	60	40	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,635	3,180	3,455	33,630	16,630	16,995
No certificate, diploma or degree	790	460	325	6,225	3,450	2,775
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,145	945	1,190	7,805	3,965	3,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,705	1,770	1,930	19,595	9,210	10,385
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	980	750	235	8,940	5,195	3,745
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	435	285	155	6,415	3,125	3,290
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	545	465	80	2,525	2,075	455
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,575	575	1,005	6,060	2,265	3,805
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	80	165	920	360	555
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	910	370	530	3,675	1,390	2,285
Bachelor's degree	525	220	310	2,715	1,020	1,690
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	45	60	340	95	235
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	30	30	70	25	45
Master's degree	190	70	125	525	235	285
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	15	30	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,100	5,320	5,780	52,855	25,790	27,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,680	2,635	3,045	26,765	13,180	13,590
Education	445	125	315	2,165	530	1,635
13. Education	440	130	315	2,165	530	1,635
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	95	65	595	255	345
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	160	130	35
50. Visual and performing arts	140	80	65	435	130	305
Humanities	210	95	115	1,130	475	650
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	10	10	65	15	50
23. English language and literature/letters	95	35	60	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	25	800	340	460
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	30	25	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	90	45	45
54. History	30	25	10	60	45	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	80	0	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	490	180	310	1,660	395	1,265
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	0	10	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10	115	40	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	140	670	35	630
22. Legal professions and studies	55	15	40	305	95	210
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	45	0	40
42. Psychology	85	25	60	215	65	150
45. Social sciences	165	100	65	295	145	150
Business, management and public administration	715	160	550	5,245	1,445	3,805
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	15	75	295	55	240
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	145	480	4,945	1,390	3,560
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	35	20	595	345	250
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	30	10	105	45	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	95	45	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	85	40	50
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	185	145	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	120	75	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	50	70	545	325	225
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	30	55	495	295	200
25. Library science	20	10	15	35	15	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	15	0	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,430	1,355	80	7,175	6,720	455
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	100	45	55
14. Engineering	105	95	15	440	380	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	200	160	35	1,280	1,115	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	415	405	15	1,815	1,790	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	455	450	10	2,085	2,025	60
48. Precision production	230	225	10	1,455	1,365	90
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	165	60	730	430	300
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	25	40	655	385	275
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	140	15	70	50	20
Health and related fields	1,015	155	860	3,665	485	3,180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	40	35	130	70	60
51. Health professions and related programs	930	110	820	3,515	405	3,110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	560	280	280	2,580	1,205	1,375
12. Personal and culinary services	350	95	260	1,585	345	1,245
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	385	300	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	145	15	605	555	50
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,635	3,180	3,455	33,630	16,635	16,995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,930	1,410	1,520	14,035	7,425	6,610
Education	260	55	205	1,320	290	1,030
13. Education	265	60	205	1,320	290	1,030
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	70	45	445	180	270
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	125	100	30
50. Visual and performing arts	95	55	45	320	80	240
Humanities	115	45	70	640	230	410
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	50	10	40
23. English language and literature/letters	45	20	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	25	425	150	280
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	30	15	20
54. History	20	15	10	50	35	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	60	10	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	375	150	220	1,335	280	1,060
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	15	10	110	35	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	10	85	565	20	540
22. Legal professions and studies	50	10	40	235	70	170
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	25	0	20
42. Psychology	65	15	50	170	55	115
45. Social sciences	135	90	45	230	100	130
Business, management and public administration	495	105	390	4,105	1,025	3,075
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	10	60	210	20	190
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430	100	330	3,890	1,010	2,885
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	20	420	250	170
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	20	15	75	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	60	40	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	10	10
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	165	125	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	105	60	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	25	55	455	270	180
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	20	45	420	260	160
25. Library science	10	0	0	25	10	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	890	830	60	5,400	4,995	400
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	85	35	50
14. Engineering	60	50	10	360	305	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	125	100	20	975	820	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	250	235	15	1,260	1,245	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	295	295	10	1,605	1,545	60
48. Precision production	140	140	10	1,115	1,045	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	125	40	585	350	225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	25	25	520	305	215
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	100	20	60	45	15
Health and related fields	735	130	605	2,880	355	2,520
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	30	25	110	55	50
51. Health professions and related programs	670	90	575	2,760	300	2,465
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	15	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	420	205	215	2,010	970	1,045
12. Personal and culinary services	255	60	195	1,225	280	945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	25	10	305	240	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	120	10	490	450	40
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,100	5,320	5,775	52,855	25,785	27,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,680	2,635	3,045	26,770	13,175	13,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,420	2,685	2,730	26,090	12,610	13,480
Location of study inside Canada	4,815	2,375	2,435	25,640	12,340	13,295
Same as province or territory of residence	3,830	1,900	1,925	25,190	12,065	13,120
Different than province or territory of residence	980	480	510	445	275	175
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	605	310	295	455	270	185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	155	85	65	75	40	35
Philippines	30	10	20	0	0	10
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	70	85	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	0	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	170	110	60
Other	235	125	110	200	120	75
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,640	3,185	3,455	33,630	16,635	17,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,935	1,410	1,525	14,035	7,425	6,610
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,705	1,770	1,930	19,595	9,215	10,385
Location of study inside Canada	3,405	1,630	1,770	19,260	9,025	10,235
Same as province or territory of residence	2,760	1,315	1,440	18,980	8,865	10,115
Different than province or territory of residence	645	315	330	280	160	120
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	300	140	160	335	180	155
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	50	40	50	30	15
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	10	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	125	75	50
Other	135	60	75	150	75	75
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	11,100	5,325	5,775	52,855	25,790	27,070
In the labour force	5,930	3,020	2,910	32,185	16,670	15,515
Employed	5,490	2,755	2,730	29,750	15,160	14,590
Unemployed	435	265	175	2,435	1,515	925
Not in the labour force	5,170	2,300	2,870	20,665	9,115	11,555
Participation rate	53.4	56.7	50.4	60.9	64.6	57.3
Employment rate	49.5	51.7	47.3	56.3	58.8	53.9
Unemployment rate	7.3	8.8	6.0	7.6	9.1	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	11,095	5,325	5,780	52,855	25,785	27,070
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,880	2,125	2,760	19,920	8,725	11,195
Worked	6,220	3,200	3,020	32,935	17,065	15,870
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,525	1,400	1,125	15,625	8,485	7,140
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,695	1,800	1,895	17,310	8,580	8,735
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	40.6	40.7	42.9	42.9	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,930	3,020	2,910	32,185	16,665	15,515
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	55	65	920	470	455
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,805	2,960	2,845	31,260	16,200	15,060
Employee	4,970	2,440	2,530	27,835	14,105	13,735
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	835	520	310	3,425	2,100	1,325
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,925	3,020	2,910	32,185	16,665	15,515
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	55	70	920	465	455
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,800	2,965	2,840	31,265	16,205	15,060
0 Management occupations	540	345	195	2,595	1,655	935
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	635	140	495	4,190	1,040	3,155
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	250	225	25	1,265	980	285
3 Health occupations	575	90	490	2,530	310	2,225
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	610	140	470	3,435	820	2,610
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	80	95	465	210	260
6 Sales and service occupations	1,515	525	990	7,565	3,085	4,485
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,000	950	45	6,330	5,960	370
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	240	225	10	605	440	165
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	265	240	30	2,285	1,705	585
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,925	3,020	2,910	32,185	16,670	15,520
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	60	70	925	470	455
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,805	2,960	2,845	31,265	16,200	15,060
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	295	255	40	815	510	305
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	60	0	110	85	20
22 Utilities	40	35	0	420	345	75
23 Construction	440	400	40	2,575	2,300	270
31-33 Manufacturing	465	425	40	4,110	3,145	965
41 Wholesale trade	95	70	25	1,165	790	375
44-45 Retail trade	885	375	515	4,340	1,920	2,420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	355	235	120	2,000	1,510	495
51 Information and cultural industries	70	40	30	315	170	145
52 Finance and insurance	125	40	85	755	180	575
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	35	45	300	185	115
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	155	95	60	1,190	575	615
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	230	120	105	1,245	820	425
61 Educational services	400	115	285	1,920	570	1,350
62 Health care and social assistance	870	140	735	4,535	590	3,950
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	140	60	80	465	230	235
72 Accommodation and food services	475	165	310	2,030	705	1,320
81 Other services (except public administration)	315	100	215	1,660	840	820
91 Public administration	310	205	105	1,300	725	570
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,490	2,760	2,730	29,745	15,155	14,595
Worked at home	325	150	175	1,615	785	830
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	25	20	0
No fixed workplace address	895	610	285	2,690	2,165	530
Worked at usual place	4,260	1,995	2,265	25,410	12,185	13,230
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,255	1,995	2,260	25,410	12,185	13,230
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,735	1,640	2,095	11,575	5,185	6,390
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	345	230	120	2,545	1,210	1,335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	130	85	50	11,215	5,735	5,475
Commute to a different province or territory	55	45	10	80	55	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	5,155	2,600	2,555	28,105	14,355	13,755
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,060	2,035	2,025	24,765	12,835	11,925
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	330	155	175	995	490	510
Public transit	140	55	90	565	195	370
Walked	405	200	205	1,320	555	770
Bicycle	85	55	30	210	165	40
Other method	135	105	30	250	115	140
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	5,155	2,600	2,550	28,105	14,350	13,750
Less than 15 minutes	3,600	1,660	1,940	10,550	4,740	5,805
15 to 29 minutes	895	485	410	9,245	4,615	4,630
30 to 44 minutes	365	220	145	4,270	2,435	1,835
45 to 59 minutes	80	50	25	2,240	1,450	795
60 minutes and over	215	185	30	1,800	1,105	695
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	5,155	2,600	2,555	28,105	14,355	13,755
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	325	240	80	2,765	2,000	765
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	815	500	315	5,825	3,805	2,025
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,205	740	460	8,285	3,845	4,440
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,275	470	805	4,380	1,500	2,880
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	615	190	425	2,170	705	1,460
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	925	460	465	4,680	2,505	2,180
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,470	3,305	3,165	33,855	17,530	16,325
Single responses	6,440	3,295	3,145	32,280	16,665	15,615
Official languages	6,435	3,295	3,145	32,260	16,655	15,605
English	6,405	3,290	3,110	1,170	655	520
French	35	0	35	31,090	16,005	15,090
Non-official languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	1,575	865	705
English and French	10	0	10	1,535	855	680
English and non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,470	3,305	3,165	33,855	17,530	16,320
None	6,320	3,255	3,070	24,185	12,680	11,505
English	30	0	25	8,680	4,305	4,375
French	70	30	40	875	490	385
Non-official language	45	25	30	75	50	25
Aboriginal	0	0	10	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	45	20	20	70	50	25
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	35	0	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	12,760	6,160	6,600	61,540	30,310	31,230
Non-movers	11,015	5,295	5,720	54,450	26,805	27,650
Movers	1,750	865	885	7,090	3,510	3,585
Non-migrants	1,125	550	575	4,330	2,180	2,150
Migrants	625	310	310	2,765	1,330	1,430
Internal migrants	580	290	285	2,715	1,310	1,405
Intraprovincial migrants	395	205	190	2,630	1,250	1,380
Interprovincial migrants	180	90	95	85	60	25
External migrants	45	20	30	50	20	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	12,310	5,915	6,395	58,910	28,940	29,965
Non-movers	7,620	3,735	3,885	37,675	18,560	19,115
Movers	4,685	2,175	2,505	21,235	10,380	10,855
Non-migrants	2,730	1,275	1,455	12,575	6,380	6,195
Migrants	1,960	905	1,050	8,660	4,000	4,660
Internal migrants	1,815	845	970	8,475	3,925	4,550
Intraprovincial migrants	1,460	675	790	8,245	3,820	4,430
Interprovincial migrants	350	170	185	235	110	125
External migrants	140	60	80	180	75	110

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Powell River, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Beauharnois-Salaberry, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Beauharnois-Salaberry, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Beauharnois-Salaberry, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Beauharnois-Salaberry, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec