Census Profile, 2016 Census
Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Powell River, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Brooks, CY Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	13,157	...	...	14,451	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	13,165	...	...	13,676	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.1	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,354	...	...	5,412	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,078	...	...	5,046	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	455.1	...	...	777.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	28.91	...	...	18.59	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	13,160	6,400	6,760	14,450	7,480	6,975
0 to 14 years	1,750	895	855	3,290	1,700	1,595
0 to 4 years	520	285	240	1,170	630	545
5 to 9 years	590	305	285	1,120	570	545
10 to 14 years	640	310	335	1,005	495	505
15 to 64 years	7,840	3,855	3,990	9,615	5,100	4,515
15 to 19 years	710	375	335	955	490	465
20 to 24 years	500	270	225	790	445	350
25 to 29 years	545	275	265	945	470	475
30 to 34 years	635	295	335	1,240	645	590
35 to 39 years	575	270	305	1,340	705	630
40 to 44 years	650	310	335	1,215	680	530
45 to 49 years	805	395	410	930	525	410
50 to 54 years	1,070	490	580	825	415	410
55 to 59 years	1,135	570	570	755	415	335
60 to 64 years	1,215	590	625	620	315	305
65 years and over	3,565	1,650	1,915	1,545	675	870
65 to 69 years	1,115	565	550	485	245	240
70 to 74 years	810	370	435	350	160	190
75 to 79 years	635	310	325	240	105	130
80 to 84 years	480	205	270	190	70	120
85 years and over	530	195	330	285	90	190
85 to 89 years	350	145	200	150	55	90
90 to 94 years	135	40	95	100	25	75
95 to 99 years	40	5	30	35	10	25
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.0	12.6	22.8	22.7	22.9
15 to 64 years	59.6	60.2	59.0	66.5	68.2	64.7
65 years and over	27.1	25.8	28.3	10.7	9.0	12.5
85 years and over	4.0	3.0	4.9	2.0	1.2	2.7
Average age of the population	47.7	46.6	48.8	35.5	34.9	36.3
Median age of the population	52.2	51.2	52.9	35.0	35.0	35.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,080	...	...	5,045	...	...
Single-detached house	4,465	...	...	2,780	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,445	...	...	1,880	...	...
Semi-detached house	235	...	...	380	...	...
Row house	100	...	...	505	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	290	...	...	210	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	790	...	...	780	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	150	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,075	...	...	5,045	...	...
1 person	2,025	...	...	1,095	...	...
2 persons	2,535	...	...	1,575	...	...
3 persons	705	...	...	875	...	...
4 persons	540	...	...	825	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...	675	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,855	...	...	13,995	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	11,405	5,505	5,905	11,155	5,780	5,380
Married or living common law	6,780	3,380	3,400	6,635	3,460	3,180
Married	5,505	2,745	2,765	5,585	2,930	2,650
Living common law	1,280	640	640	1,050	525	530
Not married and not living common law	4,625	2,120	2,505	4,520	2,325	2,200
Never married	2,385	1,370	1,015	2,930	1,750	1,180
Separated	380	160	220	350	165	180
Divorced	910	395	515	640	295	345
Widowed	950	190	760	600	115	490
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,870	...	...	3,700	...	...
2 persons	2,520	...	...	1,630	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	800	...	...
4 persons	485	...	...	765	...	...
5 or more persons	220	...	...	505	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,865	...	...	3,700	...	...
Total couple families	3,315	...	...	3,040	...	...
Married couples	2,675	...	...	2,515	...	...
Common-law couples	640	...	...	525	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	555	...	...	665	...	...
Female parent	425	...	...	530	...	...
Male parent	130	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,315	...	...	3,040	...	...
Couples without children	2,155	...	...	1,280	...	...
Couples with children	1,160	...	...	1,765	...	...
1 child	495	...	...	600	...	...
2 children	450	...	...	695	...	...
3 or more children	210	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	555	...	...	660	...	...
1 child	365	...	...	355	...	...
2 children	150	...	...	200	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,765	1,260	1,505	2,535	1,625	910
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,080	...	...	5,045	...	...
One-census-family households	3,770	...	...	3,460	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,110	...	...	1,190	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,660	...	...	2,265	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	50	...	...	120	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,260	...	...	1,470	...	...
One-person households	2,030	...	...	1,100	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	235	...	...	370	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	13,015	6,330	6,680	14,335	7,435	6,905
English only	12,105	5,925	6,180	13,460	7,020	6,440
French only	5	0	5	55	30	30
English and French	870	385	480	475	255	225
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	350	135	210
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	13,010	6,330	6,680	14,335	7,435	6,905
English	12,675	6,170	6,505	13,665	7,105	6,555
French	295	140	160	235	125	105
English and French	10	10	5	100	65	40
Neither English nor French	30	10	15	340	135	205
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	300	140	160	280	155	120
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.0	2.1	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	13,010	6,330	6,685	14,335	7,430	6,905
Single responses	12,855	6,265	6,595	13,885	7,185	6,700
Official languages	11,790	5,810	5,975	9,470	4,795	4,680
English	11,455	5,660	5,800	9,300	4,710	4,590
French	335	160	180	170	90	85
Non-official languages	1,070	450	615	4,415	2,390	2,025
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	10	5	10
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	5	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,060	455	605	4,400	2,385	2,015
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	1,365	765	600
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	995	565	430
Bilen	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oromo	0	0	0	430	230	205
Somali	0	0	0	550	330	225
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	355	195	160
Amharic	0	0	0	95	50	45
Arabic	5	5	0	205	110	90
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	45	30	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	115	60	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	95	45	50
Vietnamese	10	5	5	20	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	10	35	1,050	550	500
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	5	0	0	145	65	75
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	25	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	10	30	790	415	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	10	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	780	340	445	1,115	630	490
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	40	60	85	45	40
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	35	55	85	45	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	10	5	5
Russian	25	5	20	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	20	45	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	5	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	365	165	195	215	125	95
Afrikaans	5	5	0	15	5	10
Danish	15	5	10	0	5	0
Dutch	140	60	80	35	15	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	185	90	90	165	100	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	15	210	120	85
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	175	105	75
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	5
Hindi	20	5	15	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	5	75	45	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	75	45	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	20	15	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	105	155	605	340	265
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	200	90	110	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	5	5	5	5
Spanish	55	10	40	590	330	265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	45	25	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	160	80	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	15	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	75	35	45
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	175	95	80
Dinka	0	0	0	130	70	55
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	20
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	45	270	135	135
Chinese languages	75	25	45	270	135	135
Cantonese	40	15	25	35	15	20
Hakka	5	5	5	0	5	0
Mandarin	25	5	20	210	100	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	35	15	15
Lao	5	5	5	15	10	10
Thai	5	5	5	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	15	40	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	10	35	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	155	65	95	455	245	200
English and French	25	10	20	25	10	15
English and non-official language	115	50	70	380	205	180
French and non-official language	5	0	5	30	20	10
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	10	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	13,015	6,330	6,685	14,340	7,435	6,905
Single responses	12,835	6,250	6,585	13,275	6,865	6,415
Official languages	12,590	6,140	6,450	10,300	5,220	5,075
English	12,505	6,100	6,405	10,185	5,155	5,025
French	85	40	45	115	65	50
Non-official languages	250	115	130	2,980	1,645	1,335
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	245	115	130	2,975	1,640	1,335
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	1,145	650	500
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	895	510	390
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	385	210	180
Somali	0	0	0	500	295	210
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	240	135	110
Amharic	0	0	0	80	45	35
Arabic	5	5	5	125	70	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	25	20	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	30	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	50	25	30
Vietnamese	0	5	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	595	320	275
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	25	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	20	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	505	270	230
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	5	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	65	85	710	400	305
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	45	20	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	0	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	35	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	25	15	10
Afrikaans	5	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	5	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	165	95	65
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	135	80	55
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	60	40	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	55	25	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	20	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	40	475	270	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	35	0	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	0	475	265	205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	30	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	15	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	115	65	45
Dinka	0	0	0	90	45	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	5
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	200	105	100
Chinese languages	35	15	20	200	105	100
Cantonese	15	5	10	25	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	160	80	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Lao	5	5	5	5	5	5
Thai	5	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	75	100	1,060	565	490
English and French	10	0	5	30	20	15
English and non-official language	160	75	85	985	525	460
French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	30	20	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	13,015	6,330	6,685	14,340	7,430	6,905
None	12,295	6,030	6,270	12,265	6,320	5,945
English	155	75	80	1,120	610	510
French	175	75	95	85	40	40
Non-official language	370	140	230	810	425	385
Aboriginal	5	0	5	10	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	370	145	230	805	425	380
English and French	0	0	0	15	15	5
English and non-official language	0	5	0	30	20	10
French and non-official language	10	5	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,110	5,375	5,730	10,710	5,600	5,105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,755	5,210	5,545	10,070	5,285	4,790
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,991	39,323	24,717	41,358	46,342	32,296
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,765	5,220	5,550	10,070	5,285	4,790
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,268	35,052	23,450	36,654	41,095	29,705
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,590	4,730	4,855	9,345	5,065	4,275
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,288	33,306	19,405	40,633	45,672	29,688
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,210	3,685	4,530	6,215	2,610	3,605
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,165	11,216	9,083	4,618	3,248	5,278
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,480	3,985	3,495	8,530	4,710	3,820
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,397	26,912	20,891	40,633	45,053	29,911
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	11,100	5,320	5,775	10,710	5,605	5,105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,770	5,180	5,590	10,080	5,230	4,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,343	48,640	30,732	47,950	58,793	36,257
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,775	5,180	5,595	10,080	5,230	4,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,835	40,820	27,369	40,630	48,725	31,901
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,640	4,725	4,910	9,345	5,050	4,295
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,605	45,474	26,108	46,983	57,549	34,554
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,285	3,685	4,595	6,235	2,575	3,660
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,735	10,035	9,495	7,073	6,490	7,483
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,435	3,890	3,545	8,530	4,705	3,825
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,034	41,023	26,359	44,787	54,343	33,024
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	11,095	5,320	5,780	10,710	5,600	5,105
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,460	1,360	1,095	4,040	2,480	1,565
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,135	64,784	41,084	46,628	52,881	41,868
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,824	67,604	43,420	57,387	64,197	46,582
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.6	84.4	75.5	90.6	94.2	84.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.9	63.6	54.9	79.3	82.9	73.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.3	15.7	24.5	9.4	5.7	16.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	11,110	5,375	5,730	10,710	5,605	5,105
Without total income	350	160	185	640	320	315
With total income	10,755	5,210	5,545	10,070	5,280	4,790
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.9	96.8	94.0	94.2	93.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,395	535	855	1,085	380	705
$10,000 to $19,999	2,085	765	1,320	1,155	435	715
$20,000 to $29,999	1,765	655	1,105	1,275	490	790
$30,000 to $39,999	1,470	690	780	1,295	540	760
$40,000 to $49,999	1,150	605	545	1,895	1,075	825
$50,000 to $59,999	800	445	355	880	520	360
$60,000 to $69,999	570	365	205	640	420	220
$70,000 to $79,999	415	290	130	420	305	115
$80,000 to $89,999	350	270	85	360	270	90
$90,000 to $99,999	245	190	55	280	200	85
$100,000 and over	520	405	120	785	650	135
$100,000 to $149,999	415	320	90	585	480	105
$150,000 and over	105	80	25	205	175	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,105	5,375	5,735	10,710	5,600	5,105
Without after-tax income	340	155	185	635	320	315
With after-tax income	10,765	5,220	5,550	10,075	5,280	4,790
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.1	96.8	94.1	94.3	93.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,455	560	885	1,110	385	725
$10,000 to $19,999	2,210	825	1,385	1,220	460	755
$20,000 to $29,999	2,020	770	1,250	1,515	585	940
$30,000 to $39,999	1,695	845	850	2,065	1,045	1,020
$40,000 to $49,999	1,170	645	530	1,565	905	655
$50,000 to $59,999	750	480	275	860	580	285
$60,000 to $69,999	515	380	135	545	395	150
$70,000 to $79,999	400	295	105	385	285	105
$80,000 and over	545	415	125	800	645	155
$80,000 to $89,999	240	190	45	250	190	60
$90,000 to $99,999	110	90	20	195	155	40
$100,000 and over	200	145	55	350	300	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	11,105	5,375	5,730	10,705	5,605	5,105
Without employment income	3,625	1,390	2,240	2,180	895	1,285
With employment income	7,480	3,985	3,495	8,530	4,710	3,820
Percentage with employment income	67.4	74.1	61.0	79.7	84.0	74.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,895	1,085	810	775	310	465
$5,000 to $9,999	610	290	320	505	205	300
$10,000 to $19,999	955	385	575	920	375	545
$20,000 to $29,999	840	335	500	995	390	610
$30,000 to $39,999	675	275	405	965	430	530
$40,000 to $49,999	525	225	305	1,680	1,000	680
$50,000 to $59,999	485	270	220	655	425	230
$60,000 to $69,999	360	245	125	505	350	150
$70,000 to $79,999	305	220	85	345	270	70
$80,000 and over	820	660	160	1,185	950	235
$80,000 to $89,999	275	215	60	305	230	70
$90,000 to $99,999	190	160	35	255	175	80
$100,000 and over	355	290	60	630	545	85
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,080	...	...	5,045	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,525	...	...	83,866	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,795	...	...	73,198	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,025	...	...	1,100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,520	...	...	43,776	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,384	...	...	38,583	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,050	...	...	3,950	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,526	...	...	93,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,677	...	...	81,584	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,080	...	...	5,045	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,732	...	...	95,761	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,992	...	...	81,142	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,030	...	...	1,095	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,813	...	...	52,227	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,601	...	...	43,863	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,050	...	...	3,950	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,730	...	...	107,821	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,220	...	...	91,470	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,075	...	...	5,045	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	245	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	330	...	...	120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	365	...	...	165	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	275	...	...	125	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	310	...	...	140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	170	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	335	...	...	215	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	530	...	...	350	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	455	...	...	335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	350	...	...	465	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	315	...	...	355	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,295	...	...	1,885	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	545	...	...	675	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	470	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	285	...	...	475	...	...
$200,000 and over	140	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,075	...	...	5,045	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	250	...	...	70	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	340	...	...	120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	420	...	...	180	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	330	...	...	145	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	375	...	...	170	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	405	...	...	235	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	380	...	...	245	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...	235	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	560	...	...	415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	555	...	...	480	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	510	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	375	...	...	430	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290	...	...	355	...	...
$100,000 and over	840	...	...	1,375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	425	...	...	655	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	220	...	...	340	...	...
$150,000 and over	195	...	...	375	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,870	...	...	3,685	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,040	...	...	89,557	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,984	...	...	78,731	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,090	...	...	1,180	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,601	...	...	87,595	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,694	...	...	76,393	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,170	...	...	1,770	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,120	...	...	105,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,625	...	...	91,051	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...	610	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,112	...	...	47,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,782	...	...	44,736	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,870	...	...	3,685	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,166	...	...	103,319	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,465	...	...	87,435	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,065	...	...	1,175	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,428	...	...	107,426	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,024	...	...	89,104	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,170	...	...	1,745	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,508	...	...	118,337	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,396	...	...	100,017	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	520	...	...	635	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,700	...	...	54,936	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,084	...	...	49,740	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,575	1,170	1,405	2,185	1,425	760
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,928	30,720	25,006	41,612	43,362	35,285
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,064	28,000	23,974	37,086	38,864	32,592
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,540	1,140	1,395	2,155	1,420	730
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,146	37,782	31,169	47,550	49,208	44,319
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,177	32,780	28,046	40,483	41,446	38,607
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	12,860	6,270	6,590	13,995	7,295	6,700
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,460	3,475	3,985	7,275	3,755	3,525
In the bottom decile	1,545	735	810	990	500	495
In the second decile	1,520	625	890	1,270	590	690
In the third decile	1,530	705	820	1,475	760	710
In the fourth decile	1,500	715	785	1,640	855	785
In the fifth decile	1,375	690	675	1,900	1,050	845
In the top half of the distribution	5,395	2,795	2,605	6,720	3,545	3,180
In the sixth decile	1,315	670	645	1,640	845	790
In the seventh decile	1,145	580	565	1,655	860	795
In the eighth decile	1,235	645	590	1,305	690	615
In the ninth decile	1,065	570	495	1,220	655	565
In the top decile	635	330	310	900	490	410
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	12,860	6,270	6,590	13,995	7,295	6,700
0 to 17 years	2,205	1,145	1,060	3,915	2,015	1,900
0 to 5 years	640	340	300	1,370	735	635
18 to 64 years	7,320	3,560	3,765	8,930	4,740	4,195
65 years and over	3,330	1,565	1,770	1,145	545	605
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,190	980	1,205	1,430	640	785
0 to 17 years	490	255	240	625	325	300
0 to 5 years	145	80	65	255	135	120
18 to 64 years	1,220	555	665	695	280	410
65 years and over	480	170	305	115	40	70
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	15.6	18.3	10.2	8.8	11.7
0 to 17 years (%)	22.2	22.3	22.6	16.0	16.1	15.8
0 to 5 years (%)	22.7	23.5	21.7	18.6	18.4	18.9
18 to 64 years (%)	16.7	15.6	17.7	7.8	5.9	9.8
65 years and over (%)	14.4	10.9	17.2	10.0	7.3	11.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	955	475	480	705	370	340
0 to 17 years	165	90	70	265	135	125
0 to 5 years	50	25	25	115	70	45
18 to 64 years	725	355	375	415	220	200
65 years and over	65	30	40	30	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.6	7.3	5.0	5.1	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	7.5	7.9	6.6	6.8	6.7	6.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	7.4	8.3	8.4	9.5	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	10.0	10.0	4.6	4.6	4.8
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.9	2.3	2.6	2.8	2.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	12,855	6,210	6,650	13,995	7,300	6,695
Official languages	12,825	6,190	6,640	13,665	7,185	6,480
English	12,825	6,190	6,635	13,605	7,145	6,460
French	855	405	445	565	315	250
Non-official languages	1,415	630	790	4,955	2,670	2,285
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	10	0	10	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,405	620	785	4,950	2,670	2,280
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	1,535	890	645
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	1,005	615	395
Bilen	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	490	250	240
Somali	0	0	0	505	355	150
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	605	330	270
Amharic	0	0	0	170	95	75
Arabic	0	0	0	380	210	170
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	45	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	125	75	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	110	60	45
Vietnamese	20	10	15	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	1,315	670	645
Bikol	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cebuano	10	0	0	85	40	45
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	65	45	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	20	20	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	40	1,200	600	605
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	45	30	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,030	465	565	1,280	695	585
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	45	70	105	55	45
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	110	45	70	100	55	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	10	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	15	15	0	10
Russian	25	10	15	60	30	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	0	20	65	30	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	425	200	225	195	100	95
Afrikaans	20	15	10	40	20	20
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	125	50	75	65	25	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	270	145	125	80	60	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	15	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	265	150	115
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	220	120	100
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	15	45	20	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	125	60	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	90	55	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	40	25	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages	440	200	240	725	390	330
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	235	105	135	15	0	10
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Spanish	205	100	105	710	385	330
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	20	15	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	30	65	20	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	20	285	150	130
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	10	35	30	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	10	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	165	85	85
Wolof	0	0	0	25	20	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	35	10	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	195	115	85
Dinka	0	0	0	150	80	70
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	35	20
Sign languages	25	15	15	10	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	20	260	110	145
Chinese languages	55	30	25	260	115	145
Cantonese	30	10	20	70	35	35
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	0	175	70	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	30	55	25	25
Lao	10	0	10	30	10	15
Thai	40	0	35	20	15	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	25	20	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	20	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	12,860	6,210	6,645	13,995	7,300	6,700
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	12,485	6,065	6,425	11,070	5,745	5,330
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,145	1,085	1,060	3,215	1,710	1,500
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,345	4,980	5,360	7,860	4,030	3,830
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	370	145	225	2,925	1,555	1,370
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	12,855	6,215	6,645	13,995	7,295	6,700
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	11,105	5,450	5,655	9,440	4,855	4,580
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,710	740	970	4,215	2,220	1,995
Before 1981	1,160	530	630	200	115	85
1981 to 1990	155	70	85	185	105	80
1991 to 2000	125	40	90	315	160	155
2001 to 2010	155	60	95	1,315	695	620
2001 to 2005	55	20	30	395	200	200
2006 to 2010	100	40	60	920	495	425
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	115	40	75	2,205	1,155	1,050
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	50	25	20	340	215	125
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,705	735	970	4,220	2,220	1,995
Under 5 years	180	80	100	385	190	195
5 to 14 years	340	175	165	775	415	360
15 to 24 years	435	190	240	775	380	395
25 to 44 years	680	270	410	2,025	1,135	885
45 years and over	65	15	50	260	100	165
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,710	735	970	4,215	2,220	1,995
Americas	195	100	95	495	230	270
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	280	135	150
El Salvador	10	0	10	60	30	25
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	70	35	30
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	170	90	80	40	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	45	20	25
Europe	1,190	515	675	260	140	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Germany	120	80	40	20	20	0
Greece	10	0	15	0	10	0
Hungary	30	20	15	10	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	10	10	0	10
Italy	150	60	90	0	0	0
Netherlands	135	50	85	70	25	45
Poland	40	20	25	15	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	55	25	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	540	210	325	50	30	25
Other places of birth in Europe	90	55	35	0	0	0
Africa	70	40	35	1,680	990	695
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	500	255	245
Kenya	0	0	0	35	15	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	35	25
Somalia	0	0	0	420	310	115
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	10	585	330	255
Asia	200	65	130	1,770	860	905
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	15	10	195	90	105
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	10	0	10
India	15	10	10	105	55	55
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	25	25	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	85	40	50
Philippines	50	20	35	1,200	595	600
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	10	35	130	55	80
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	50	20	35	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	115	40	75	2,200	1,150	1,050
Americas	15	0	10	315	135	180
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	225	95	125
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	45	15	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	15	15
Europe	10	0	10	50	20	30
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	40	15	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	15	890	565	325
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	25	20	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	65	30	35
Ethiopia	0	0	0	315	170	145
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	335	255	80
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	115	75	40
Asia	60	15	40	950	435	515
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	35	15	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	20	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	10	0	865	410	455
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	12,860	6,210	6,645	13,995	7,300	6,700
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,815	785	1,025	4,590	2,460	2,135
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,835	1,335	1,495	2,050	1,085	965
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,210	4,085	4,125	7,355	3,755	3,600
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	555	210	350	4,030	2,110	1,915
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	240	95	145	1,895	980	920
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	95	45	45	680	520	155
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	150	55	100	1,220	460	765
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	265	90	175	680	240	440
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	25	20	1,445	885	555
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	12,855	6,210	6,645	13,995	7,295	6,700
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	650	305	350	580	280	300
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	645	305	340	575	280	295
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	410	170	235	245	100	145
Métis	220	125	90	320	175	150
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	15	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	12,210	5,905	6,300	13,420	7,015	6,395
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	12,855	6,210	6,645	13,995	7,295	6,695
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	295	105	190	195	75	120
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,565	6,105	6,455	13,800	7,220	6,580
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	12,860	6,210	6,650	13,995	7,300	6,700
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	105	45	65	130	55	75
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	110	45	65	125	50	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	95	30	65	60	20	40
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	65	30	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	830	400	425	600	320	280
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	810	390	420	585	315	265
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	555	250	310	300	170	130
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	105	75	260	140	120
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	40	35	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	0	10	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	11,925	5,770	6,155	13,265	6,925	6,340
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	12,860	6,210	6,650	13,995	7,295	6,695
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	480	215	265	5,150	2,800	2,350
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	55	30	20	325	170	155
Chinese	75	35	40	270	125	150
Black	80	40	30	1,995	1,155	835
Filipino	90	40	45	1,380	700	680
Latin American	10	10	10	600	325	270
Arab	0	0	0	70	40	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	50	10	40	180	105	80
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Korean	55	25	30	25	10	20
Japanese	35	15	25	70	50	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	55	25	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	0	115	65	55
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	12,380	5,995	6,385	8,845	4,495	4,350
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	12,855	6,210	6,645	13,995	7,300	6,700
North American Aboriginal origins	935	445	495	725	370	355
First Nations (North American Indian)	665	290	380	380	190	190
Inuit	75	35	35	25	10	15
Métis	205	125	85	345	170	170
Other North American origins	3,820	1,985	1,835	3,550	1,900	1,650
Acadian	20	15	10	0	0	0
American	290	145	145	235	85	150
Canadian	3,620	1,885	1,735	3,385	1,840	1,545
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	20	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	11,035	5,305	5,730	6,885	3,410	3,480
British Isles origins	7,955	3,790	4,155	4,490	2,130	2,360
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	5,010	2,345	2,660	2,730	1,280	1,450
Irish	2,665	1,200	1,465	1,655	730	920
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,785	1,750	2,040	1,870	915	955
Welsh	520	235	285	185	85	100
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	460	230	230	170	90	80
French origins	1,850	905	945	1,015	530	485
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,845	900	940	1,020	535	490
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,945	1,415	1,525	2,570	1,185	1,380
Austrian	155	90	70	70	40	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	60	30	30	95	40	60
Dutch	800	360	440	445	210	235
Flemish	15	10	15	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,035	985	1,050	2,145	995	1,150
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	120	55	70	20	0	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,445	710	735	1,010	520	495
Danish	190	80	100	200	70	130
Finnish	180	90	95	40	25	15
Icelandic	95	45	50	65	50	20
Norwegian	520	310	210	520	285	235
Swedish	555	250	310	285	130	160
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	20	35	50	25	20
Eastern European origins	1,525	660	860	1,355	700	650
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	55	15	40
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	10	30	25	10
Estonian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	195	80	115	185	95	95
Latvian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	455	195	260	350	180	170
Romanian	55	15	35	40	25	10
Russian	280	135	150	300	160	145
Slovak	15	0	15	15	15	0
Ukrainian	645	280	360	635	300	335
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,355	600	755	360	165	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	25	20	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	30	50	10	0	0
Italian	940	435	505	205	100	110
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	150	60	85	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	10	30	10	10	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	95	50	45	105	20	85
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	0	35	15	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	30	30	65	35	30
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	0	15	15	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	30	15	45	30	25
Caribbean origins	50	20	30	25	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	50	15	40	655	375	285
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	300	145	160
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	40	20	20
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	10	10	170	120	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	100	65	35
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	25	10	15
African origins	110	60	50	2,195	1,265	930
Central and West African origins	15	0	10	285	145	145
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	10	0	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	150	65	85
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ibo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Liberian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	75	45	30
North African origins	10	0	10	455	260	195
Algerian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	35	20	15
Egyptian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Libyan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	350	200	160
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	10	15
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	15	20	1,340	800	545
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Burundian	0	0	0	35	30	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Ethiopian	0	0	0	470	230	235
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	100	50	50
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	300	205	95
South African	25	10	15	10	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	330	225	105
Other African origins	50	40	10	140	75	70
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	50	40	10	140	75	70
Asian origins	420	180	240	2,475	1,270	1,205
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	0	10	65	35	35
Afghan	0	0	0	25	20	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	20	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	60	40	20	325	175	150
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	30	20	235	125	105
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	105	60	45
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	350	140	210	2,015	1,025	990
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	155	90	65
Chinese	120	50	70	310	140	165
Filipino	95	45	55	1,385	705	680
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	110	75	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	30	30	40	15	25
Laotian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	25	40	15	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	20	20	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	65	40	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	70	40	30
Oceania origins	125	50	80	15	10	10
Australian	70	25	40	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	50	20	30	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	20	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,080	...	...	5,045	...	...
Owner	4,565	...	...	3,325	...	...
Renter	1,510	...	...	1,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,080	...	...	5,045	...	...
Condominium	320	...	...	405	...	...
Not condominium	5,755	...	...	4,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,075	...	...	5,045	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	590	...	...	315	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,795	...	...	1,085	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,020	...	...	1,610	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,650	...	...	2,035	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,080	...	...	5,050	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,445	...	...	1,185	...	...
5 rooms	970	...	...	905	...	...
6 rooms	910	...	...	695	...	...
7 rooms	775	...	...	625	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,970	...	...	1,630	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,075	...	...	5,050	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,050	...	...	4,845	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,080	...	...	5,050	...	...
Suitable	5,950	...	...	4,655	...	...
Not suitable	125	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,080	...	...	5,045	...	...
1960 or before	2,400	...	...	430	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,825	...	...	2,190	...	...
1981 to 1990	520	...	...	520	...	...
1991 to 2000	795	...	...	885	...	...
2001 to 2005	130	...	...	510	...	...
2006 to 2010	280	...	...	390	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	135	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,080	...	...	5,045	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,540	...	...	4,780	...	...
Major repairs needed	540	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,075	...	...	5,050	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,820	...	...	3,000	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,205	...	...	1,790	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,075	...	...	5,045	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	185	...	...
25 to 34 years	555	...	...	965	...	...
35 to 44 years	650	...	...	1,335	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,020	...	...	1,000	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,475	...	...	820	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,155	...	...	480	...	...
75 to 84 years	790	...	...	200	...	...
85 years and over	295	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,060	...	...	5,035	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,710	...	...	4,085	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,350	...	...	950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,220	...	...	890	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,550	...	...	3,325	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.4	...	...	66.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.8	...	...	13.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	711	...	...	1,257	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	899	...	...	1,253	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,875	...	...	259,772	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	277,720	...	...	275,591	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,510	...	...	1,720	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.9	...	...	15.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.4	...	...	28.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	772	...	...	989	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	826	...	...	1,030	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,100	5,325	5,775	10,710	5,605	5,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,205	1,145	1,055	2,935	1,635	1,295
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,475	1,490	1,990	3,685	2,010	1,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,415	2,685	2,730	4,090	1,960	2,130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,570	1,220	345	995	740	255
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	625	405	220	370	190	175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	940	815	125	630	550	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,190	760	1,430	1,510	465	1,040
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	320	95	225	275	155	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,335	615	725	1,320	600	715
Bachelor's degree	760	330	430	985	415	565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	70	75	90	35	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	35	25	60	50	0
Master's degree	295	140	160	160	85	75
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	40	35	30	15	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,635	3,180	3,455	7,815	4,115	3,705
No certificate, diploma or degree	790	460	325	1,660	915	745
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,145	945	1,190	2,750	1,530	1,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,705	1,770	1,930	3,405	1,670	1,735
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	980	750	235	815	635	175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	435	285	155	275	160	115
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	545	465	80	545	475	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,575	575	1,005	1,210	390	820
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	80	165	225	145	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	910	370	530	1,160	500	655
Bachelor's degree	525	220	310	885	360	525
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	45	60	70	25	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	30	30	50	40	10
Master's degree	190	70	125	135	70	70
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	15	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,100	5,320	5,780	10,710	5,605	5,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,680	2,635	3,045	6,615	3,645	2,975
Education	445	125	315	445	130	310
13. Education	440	130	315	445	130	310
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	95	65	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	80	65	25	0	20
Humanities	210	95	115	140	90	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	10	10	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	95	35	60	15	15	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	25	30	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	45	30	15
54. History	30	25	10	20	20	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	490	180	310	300	90	210
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	10	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	140	70	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	55	15	40	70	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	10	10	10
42. Psychology	85	25	60	45	15	35
45. Social sciences	165	100	65	95	50	40
Business, management and public administration	715	160	550	735	190	545
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	15	75	55	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	145	480	680	185	495
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	35	20	110	30	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	30	10	70	25	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	25	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	50	70	115	65	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	30	55	85	50	35
25. Library science	20	10	15	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	15	0	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,430	1,355	80	1,025	970	60
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	10	10	0
14. Engineering	105	95	15	140	130	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	200	160	35	200	175	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	415	405	15	260	260	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	455	450	10	280	265	15
48. Precision production	230	225	10	140	130	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	165	60	140	70	70
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	25	40	105	55	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	140	15	35	20	20
Health and related fields	1,015	155	860	730	150	580
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	40	35	30	25	0
51. Health professions and related programs	930	110	820	680	105	575
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	20	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	560	280	280	310	140	165
12. Personal and culinary services	350	95	260	200	45	160
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	145	15	95	95	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,635	3,180	3,455	7,820	4,115	3,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,930	1,410	1,520	4,415	2,445	1,970
Education	260	55	205	360	100	255
13. Education	265	60	205	360	100	260
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	70	45	40	15	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	55	45	20	0	20
Humanities	115	45	70	105	70	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	45	20	25	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	25	20	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	35	25	10
54. History	20	15	10	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	375	150	220	270	85	185
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	15	10	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	10	85	65	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	50	10	40	60	15	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	65	15	50	40	10	25
45. Social sciences	135	90	45	90	50	40
Business, management and public administration	495	105	390	620	180	445
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	10	60	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430	100	330	570	170	400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	20	100	25	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	20	15	70	25	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	25	0	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	25	55	95	45	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	20	45	70	40	30
25. Library science	10	0	0	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	890	830	60	895	845	50
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	10	10	0
14. Engineering	60	50	10	140	130	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	125	100	20	155	140	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	250	235	15	220	220	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	295	295	10	240	230	10
48. Precision production	140	140	10	120	115	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	125	40	105	40	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	25	25	70	20	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	100	20	30	20	15
Health and related fields	735	130	605	565	125	445
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	30	25	25	20	10
51. Health professions and related programs	670	90	575	530	95	435
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	420	205	215	260	135	130
12. Personal and culinary services	255	60	195	170	45	120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	25	10	0	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	120	10	85	80	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,100	5,320	5,775	10,710	5,605	5,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,680	2,635	3,045	6,615	3,640	2,975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,420	2,685	2,730	4,095	1,960	2,130
Location of study inside Canada	4,815	2,375	2,435	3,030	1,400	1,630
Same as province or territory of residence	3,830	1,900	1,925	2,140	1,025	1,115
Different than province or territory of residence	980	480	510	885	375	510
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	605	310	295	1,060	560	505
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	155	85	65	55	45	10
Philippines	30	10	20	465	200	260
India	15	10	10	45	25	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	70	85	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	0	30	10	20
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	235	125	110	440	265	180
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,640	3,185	3,455	7,820	4,115	3,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,935	1,410	1,525	4,415	2,450	1,965
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,705	1,770	1,930	3,405	1,670	1,740
Location of study inside Canada	3,405	1,630	1,770	2,415	1,155	1,255
Same as province or territory of residence	2,760	1,315	1,440	1,715	860	850
Different than province or territory of residence	645	315	330	700	300	405
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	300	140	160	990	510	480
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	50	40	25	10	10
Philippines	10	0	10	460	205	255
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	10	35	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	30	10	20
France	10	10	10	0	10	0
Other	135	60	75	415	255	160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	11,100	5,325	5,775	10,710	5,605	5,105
In the labour force	5,930	3,020	2,910	7,985	4,545	3,435
Employed	5,490	2,755	2,730	7,250	4,075	3,170
Unemployed	435	265	175	735	470	265
Not in the labour force	5,170	2,300	2,870	2,720	1,060	1,670
Participation rate	53.4	56.7	50.4	74.6	81.1	67.3
Employment rate	49.5	51.7	47.3	67.7	72.7	62.1
Unemployment rate	7.3	8.8	6.0	9.2	10.3	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	11,095	5,325	5,780	10,705	5,605	5,105
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,880	2,125	2,760	2,525	1,015	1,510
Worked	6,220	3,200	3,020	8,180	4,590	3,590
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,525	1,400	1,125	4,140	2,540	1,600
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,695	1,800	1,895	4,040	2,050	1,990
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	40.6	40.7	42.9	43.5	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,930	3,020	2,910	7,990	4,550	3,435
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	55	65	195	100	95
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,805	2,960	2,845	7,790	4,450	3,345
Employee	4,970	2,440	2,530	7,115	4,005	3,110
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	835	520	310	675	445	235
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,925	3,020	2,910	7,990	4,550	3,440
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	55	70	195	100	95
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,800	2,965	2,840	7,790	4,445	3,345
0 Management occupations	540	345	195	590	350	245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	635	140	495	775	155	625
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	250	225	25	260	215	45
3 Health occupations	575	90	490	345	85	260
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	610	140	470	595	180	415
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	80	95	70	25	40
6 Sales and service occupations	1,515	525	990	1,665	635	1,030
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,000	950	45	1,280	1,200	80
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	240	225	10	570	535	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	265	240	30	1,635	1,065	570
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,925	3,020	2,910	7,985	4,550	3,440
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	60	70	200	100	95
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,805	2,960	2,845	7,790	4,445	3,345
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	295	255	40	340	250	90
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	60	0	695	630	60
22 Utilities	40	35	0	55	40	15
23 Construction	440	400	40	475	440	35
31-33 Manufacturing	465	425	40	1,765	1,195	570
41 Wholesale trade	95	70	25	200	145	55
44-45 Retail trade	885	375	515	750	320	430
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	355	235	120	280	190	90
51 Information and cultural industries	70	40	30	35	20	10
52 Finance and insurance	125	40	85	145	20	125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	35	45	95	55	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	155	95	60	260	155	100
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	230	120	105	290	175	115
61 Educational services	400	115	285	475	120	350
62 Health care and social assistance	870	140	735	570	85	490
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	140	60	80	95	50	45
72 Accommodation and food services	475	165	310	560	145	410
81 Other services (except public administration)	315	100	215	375	215	155
91 Public administration	310	205	105	335	185	145
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,490	2,760	2,730	7,250	4,075	3,170
Worked at home	325	150	175	250	100	150
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	895	610	285	930	770	155
Worked at usual place	4,260	1,995	2,265	6,065	3,195	2,870
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,255	1,995	2,260	6,065	3,195	2,865
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,735	1,640	2,095	3,870	1,765	2,105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	345	230	120	2,025	1,315	710
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	130	85	50	160	115	50
Commute to a different province or territory	55	45	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	5,155	2,600	2,555	6,995	3,970	3,025
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,060	2,035	2,025	5,450	3,165	2,280
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	330	155	175	840	420	420
Public transit	140	55	90	75	45	30
Walked	405	200	205	370	140	225
Bicycle	85	55	30	50	30	20
Other method	135	105	30	205	160	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	5,155	2,600	2,550	6,995	3,965	3,020
Less than 15 minutes	3,600	1,660	1,940	4,520	2,230	2,290
15 to 29 minutes	895	485	410	1,850	1,220	630
30 to 44 minutes	365	220	145	290	225	65
45 to 59 minutes	80	50	25	60	30	30
60 minutes and over	215	185	30	275	270	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	5,155	2,600	2,555	6,990	3,965	3,025
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	325	240	80	780	560	220
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	815	500	315	1,255	790	460
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,205	740	460	1,485	845	635
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,275	470	805	1,085	430	655
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	615	190	425	555	185	370
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	925	460	465	1,840	1,155	690
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,470	3,305	3,165	8,415	4,720	3,690
Single responses	6,440	3,295	3,145	8,390	4,705	3,680
Official languages	6,435	3,295	3,145	8,295	4,675	3,620
English	6,405	3,290	3,110	8,270	4,670	3,600
French	35	0	35	25	0	25
Non-official languages	10	0	0	95	30	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	25	10	15
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	25	20	10
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	15	20	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,470	3,305	3,165	8,415	4,725	3,690
None	6,320	3,255	3,070	8,065	4,550	3,515
English	30	0	25	35	10	25
French	70	30	40	70	45	20
Non-official language	45	25	30	230	115	110
Aboriginal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	45	20	20	230	115	110
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	12,760	6,160	6,600	13,705	7,170	6,535
Non-movers	11,015	5,295	5,720	11,225	5,895	5,330
Movers	1,750	865	885	2,475	1,270	1,205
Non-migrants	1,125	550	575	1,740	925	820
Migrants	625	310	310	735	350	385
Internal migrants	580	290	285	455	210	245
Intraprovincial migrants	395	205	190	265	110	150
Interprovincial migrants	180	90	95	195	100	95
External migrants	45	20	30	280	135	140
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	12,310	5,915	6,395	12,825	6,710	6,115
Non-movers	7,620	3,735	3,885	6,300	3,310	2,990
Movers	4,685	2,175	2,505	6,530	3,405	3,125
Non-migrants	2,730	1,275	1,455	3,130	1,705	1,425
Migrants	1,960	905	1,050	3,390	1,695	1,700
Internal migrants	1,815	845	970	1,565	765	805
Intraprovincial migrants	1,460	675	790	930	465	465
Interprovincial migrants	350	170	185	635	300	335
External migrants	140	60	80	1,825	930	890

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Powell River, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Brooks, CY [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Powell River, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta