Census Profile, 2016 Census
Macpherson-Grizzly Valley, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Yukon and Le Haut-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Macpherson-Grizzly Valley, NO Yukon [Census subdivision]			Le Haut-Richelieu, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Macpherson-Grizzly Valley, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Yukon Map : Macpherson-Grizzly Valley, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Yukon Change geography 1			Data quality : Le Haut-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,245	...	...	117,443	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,072	...	...	114,344	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	16.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	647	...	...	52,461	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	552	...	...	50,061	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.7	...	...	125.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,833.80	...	...	936.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,245	655	585	117,445	58,205	59,240
0 to 14 years	195	115	85	19,600	10,065	9,540
0 to 4 years	80	45	30	6,500	3,330	3,165
5 to 9 years	55	30	25	7,125	3,645	3,480
10 to 14 years	65	35	30	5,975	3,090	2,890
15 to 64 years	890	445	445	76,385	38,260	38,120
15 to 19 years	55	30	25	6,385	3,230	3,160
20 to 24 years	60	35	25	6,980	3,620	3,360
25 to 29 years	70	35	40	6,655	3,345	3,305
30 to 34 years	90	40	50	7,070	3,500	3,570
35 to 39 years	80	40	40	7,585	3,815	3,775
40 to 44 years	90	40	50	7,100	3,535	3,565
45 to 49 years	75	40	35	7,535	3,745	3,790
50 to 54 years	105	45	60	9,150	4,610	4,540
55 to 59 years	120	65	55	9,535	4,725	4,810
60 to 64 years	145	80	70	8,385	4,140	4,245
65 years and over	160	100	60	21,455	9,875	11,580
65 to 69 years	75	40	30	7,420	3,565	3,855
70 to 74 years	40	30	10	5,515	2,710	2,805
75 to 79 years	30	20	15	3,690	1,765	1,925
80 to 84 years	5	10	0	2,475	1,060	1,420
85 years and over	10	5	0	2,365	780	1,580
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	1,530	555	970
90 to 94 years	0	5	0	655	185	470
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	160	35	120
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	0	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	17.6	14.5	16.7	17.3	16.1
15 to 64 years	71.5	67.9	76.1	65.0	65.7	64.3
65 years and over	12.9	15.3	10.3	18.3	17.0	19.5
85 years and over	0.8	0.8	0.0	2.0	1.3	2.7
Average age of the population	41.7	42.0	41.5	41.9	41.1	42.7
Median age of the population	43.8	44.6	43.6	43.1	42.1	44.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	550	...	...	50,065	...	...
Single-detached house	510	...	...	28,960	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	150	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	20,070	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,545	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	950	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	2,160	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	14,865	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	550	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	30	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	555	...	...	50,060	...	...
1 person	185	...	...	15,440	...	...
2 persons	210	...	...	18,265	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	7,040	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	6,240	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	3,080	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,220	...	...	114,700	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,050	545	505	97,840	48,140	49,700
Married or living common law	650	325	330	56,985	28,420	28,560
Married	465	230	230	30,745	15,350	15,400
Living common law	185	90	95	26,235	13,070	13,165
Not married and not living common law	405	225	175	40,855	19,720	21,140
Never married	260	150	115	27,105	14,910	12,195
Separated	30	15	10	1,250	565	685
Divorced	90	55	35	7,085	2,970	4,115
Widowed	20	5	15	5,415	1,270	4,145
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	355	...	...	33,565	...	...
2 persons	210	...	...	18,310	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	6,755	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	6,015	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	2,475	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	355	...	...	33,565	...	...
Total couple families	315	...	...	27,990	...	...
Married couples	230	...	...	14,905	...	...
Common-law couples	90	...	...	13,085	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	35	...	...	5,575	...	...
Female parent	20	...	...	4,015	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	1,555	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	320	...	...	27,990	...	...
Couples without children	190	...	...	14,800	...	...
Couples with children	130	...	...	13,185	...	...
1 child	50	...	...	5,170	...	...
2 children	55	...	...	5,645	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	2,370	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	5,575	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	3,515	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,590	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	245	135	105	20,580	10,365	10,215
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	550	...	...	50,060	...	...
One-census-family households	340	...	...	32,660	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	180	...	...	14,390	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	160	...	...	18,270	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	445	...	...
Non-census-family households	205	...	...	16,960	...	...
One-person households	185	...	...	15,440	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	1,515	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,245	660	585	116,145	57,705	58,445
English only	1,055	575	480	910	505	405
French only	5	5	0	67,325	31,290	36,030
English and French	185	80	105	47,800	25,860	21,945
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	115	45	70
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,245	660	585	116,150	57,705	58,445
English	1,170	620	555	4,140	2,130	2,015
French	70	40	30	111,215	55,180	56,030
English and French	5	5	0	690	355	335
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	100	40	65
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	70	40	30	4,485	2,305	2,180
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	5.6	6.1	5.1	3.9	4.0	3.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,245	655	585	116,150	57,700	58,445
Single responses	1,230	650	580	114,835	57,050	57,790
Official languages	1,120	600	520	112,325	55,760	56,560
English	1,050	560	485	3,645	1,870	1,770
French	70	40	30	108,675	53,890	54,785
Non-official languages	110	50	60	2,515	1,285	1,225
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	105	45	60	2,505	1,280	1,225
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	335	200	135
Berber languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	275	170	105
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	265	165	105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	90	45	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	30	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	40	55	1,715	880	835
Albanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	145	65	80
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	135	60	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	5	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	45	20	25
Russian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Germanic languages	75	30	40	410	205	205
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	5	0	10	10	0
Dutch	10	0	10	60	30	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	30	30	290	145	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	50	20	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	5	0	1,050	550	500
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	225	135	85
Portuguese	0	0	0	200	105	100
Romanian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Spanish	0	0	0	560	270	290
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	115	40	70
Chinese languages	0	0	0	110	40	65
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	70	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lao	0	0	0	25	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	1,310	655	655
English and French	0	0	0	1,005	515	485
English and non-official language	10	10	5	55	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	205	90	115
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,245	660	585	116,150	57,705	58,445
Single responses	1,230	655	580	114,560	56,910	57,655
Official languages	1,205	640	565	113,740	56,515	57,220
English	1,155	610	545	3,450	1,770	1,680
French	45	25	20	110,290	54,750	55,540
Non-official languages	25	15	10	820	395	430
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	825	390	430
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	90	40	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	10	550	265	280
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	45	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	5	0	5	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	115	50	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	90	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	370	180	190
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	70	30	40
Romanian	0	0	0	20	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	245	125	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Chinese languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	1,585	795	790
English and French	5	0	0	975	490	480
English and non-official language	15	5	5	50	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	440	220	225
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	55	65
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,245	660	585	116,150	57,705	58,445
None	1,150	620	535	105,810	52,355	53,455
English	35	20	20	7,255	3,780	3,475
French	25	15	15	1,755	870	880
Non-official language	30	10	20	1,040	550	490
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	30	10	20	1,030	545	485
English and French	0	0	0	65	30	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	185	100	85
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	15	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,025	535	495	95,125	47,045	48,080
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,000	520	485	92,185	45,700	46,485
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,040	47,104	47,019	33,816	39,502	28,391
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,005	520	485	92,210	45,700	46,510
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,856	42,368	41,600	30,031	34,308	25,945
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	960	495	460	82,160	41,810	40,350
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,392	45,120	42,048	30,718	37,248	24,802
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	595	300	295	70,525	32,495	38,030
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,768	6,640	3,949	7,750	6,752	8,459
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	870	450	420	67,350	35,130	32,220
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,056	41,024	41,088	32,292	37,716	27,220
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,025	525	495	95,125	47,045	48,080
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	985	500	485	92,200	45,610	46,590
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,639	52,118	51,150	40,538	46,520	34,682
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	980	495	490	92,225	45,605	46,615
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,608	44,867	44,344	33,587	37,597	29,663
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	945	475	475	81,875	41,630	40,245
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,730	48,815	48,645	38,018	44,606	31,203
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	545	275	270	70,920	32,610	38,315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,559	9,888	7,177	8,809	8,116	9,398
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	850	425	430	67,345	35,030	32,320
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,840	44,813	44,867	38,155	43,387	32,485
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,025	525	495	95,125	47,045	48,075
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	405	195	205	31,055	16,970	14,090
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	65,731	70,255	62,798	45,269	50,596	40,127
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,306	65,116	59,632	51,187	56,636	44,625
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.6	90.9	92.4	83.4	87.5	77.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.0	75.7	77.2	68.6	71.4	64.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.5	8.7	8.5	16.6	12.5	22.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,030	535	495	95,125	47,045	48,080
Without total income	30	10	10	2,940	1,345	1,595
With total income	1,000	520	480	92,180	45,695	46,485
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.2	97.0	96.9	97.1	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	105	55	50	9,990	4,195	5,795
$10,000 to $19,999	105	55	50	16,660	6,380	10,280
$20,000 to $29,999	130	70	60	14,630	6,315	8,315
$30,000 to $39,999	90	45	50	12,895	6,280	6,610
$40,000 to $49,999	100	45	60	11,260	5,865	5,400
$50,000 to $59,999	70	30	35	8,385	4,805	3,585
$60,000 to $69,999	90	45	45	5,880	3,555	2,325
$70,000 to $79,999	80	45	40	4,440	2,655	1,780
$80,000 to $89,999	70	40	35	2,630	1,730	895
$90,000 to $99,999	50	25	25	1,650	1,145	505
$100,000 and over	105	65	40	3,765	2,770	995
$100,000 to $149,999	75	40	30	2,770	2,030	740
$150,000 and over	30	25	5	990	740	250
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,030	535	495	95,125	47,050	48,075
Without after-tax income	25	10	15	2,915	1,345	1,570
With after-tax income	1,000	520	485	92,210	45,700	46,510
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.2	98.0	96.9	97.1	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	110	55	55	10,475	4,285	6,190
$10,000 to $19,999	110	60	55	17,575	6,810	10,770
$20,000 to $29,999	140	75	65	18,005	8,065	9,945
$30,000 to $39,999	105	50	55	16,555	8,595	7,960
$40,000 to $49,999	115	45	70	12,120	6,845	5,280
$50,000 to $59,999	110	60	50	7,860	4,665	3,190
$60,000 to $69,999	95	45	50	4,405	2,745	1,655
$70,000 to $79,999	85	50	35	2,185	1,495	695
$80,000 and over	125	70	55	3,025	2,205	820
$80,000 to $89,999	50	25	30	1,125	795	330
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	15	595	425	165
$100,000 and over	45	35	10	1,310	975	330
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,030	535	495	95,125	47,045	48,075
Without employment income	155	80	75	27,780	11,920	15,860
With employment income	870	455	415	67,345	35,130	32,220
Percentage with employment income	84.5	85.0	83.8	70.8	74.7	67.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	115	75	40	8,085	4,110	3,975
$5,000 to $9,999	60	20	40	5,090	2,160	2,930
$10,000 to $19,999	85	40	40	9,710	4,140	5,570
$20,000 to $29,999	95	50	45	8,815	3,850	4,970
$30,000 to $39,999	70	35	40	8,860	4,345	4,520
$40,000 to $49,999	75	35	40	7,625	4,040	3,590
$50,000 to $59,999	60	20	40	5,575	3,400	2,170
$60,000 to $69,999	70	40	35	4,220	2,645	1,570
$70,000 to $79,999	60	35	30	3,475	2,105	1,370
$80,000 and over	180	105	75	5,895	4,335	1,560
$80,000 to $89,999	60	35	25	1,965	1,410	555
$90,000 to $99,999	45	20	20	1,260	900	360
$100,000 and over	75	50	25	2,670	2,025	645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	550	...	...	50,060	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	84,378	...	...	61,778	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,832	...	...	53,653	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	185	...	...	15,440	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,576	...	...	30,603	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,056	...	...	27,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	365	...	...	34,620	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	108,800	...	...	79,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,976	...	...	68,137	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	555	...	...	50,065	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	91,921	...	...	74,659	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,406	...	...	61,876	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	15,440	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,879	...	...	37,264	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,834	...	...	31,612	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	350	...	...	34,620	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	118,765	...	...	91,336	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,477	...	...	75,373	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	550	...	...	50,065	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	370	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	660	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,625	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	2,335	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	2,510	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	2,065	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	2,615	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	2,650	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	2,515	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	2,410	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	4,470	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	4,120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	3,595	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	3,155	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	2,750	...	...
$100,000 and over	215	...	...	12,220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	5,020	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	3,090	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	70	...	...	2,755	...	...
$200,000 and over	45	...	...	1,365	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	555	...	...	50,060	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	680	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,630	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	2,465	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	2,845	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	2,560	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	3,255	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	3,145	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	3,045	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,870	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	5,455	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	4,590	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	3,940	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	3,155	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	2,600	...	...
$100,000 and over	180	...	...	7,405	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	60	...	...	4,035	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	1,865	...	...
$150,000 and over	65	...	...	1,510	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	355	...	...	33,535	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,208	...	...	79,970	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,488	...	...	68,279	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	14,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,464	...	...	68,796	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,944	...	...	59,250	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	13,270	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	145,408	...	...	107,772	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	125,952	...	...	90,130	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	5,380	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,384	...	...	52,343	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,856	...	...	47,076	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	350	...	...	33,500	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	117,788	...	...	91,561	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,643	...	...	75,457	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	14,140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,931	...	...	78,374	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,752	...	...	64,079	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	13,245	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	156,479	...	...	119,485	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,337	...	...	97,836	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	5,415	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	81,009	...	...	59,408	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,006	...	...	51,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	225	125	95	18,700	9,530	9,165
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,552	36,224	45,248	28,789	32,584	25,538
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,267	33,408	40,320	26,441	28,829	24,318
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	215	120	95	18,695	9,395	9,300
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,322	36,860	56,784	35,851	37,927	33,754
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,326	32,085	49,135	30,479	31,576	29,370
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,225	645	580	114,700	57,095	57,605
In the bottom half of the distribution	450	245	210	65,045	31,650	33,400
In the bottom decile	70	45	25	8,715	4,290	4,430
In the second decile	90	50	45	12,020	5,340	6,680
In the third decile	75	45	35	14,345	7,000	7,340
In the fourth decile	95	45	55	15,020	7,550	7,470
In the fifth decile	115	65	50	14,945	7,470	7,470
In the top half of the distribution	770	400	370	49,655	25,445	24,210
In the sixth decile	70	35	40	14,075	7,195	6,880
In the seventh decile	115	55	65	13,060	6,705	6,350
In the eighth decile	145	75	65	10,525	5,345	5,180
In the ninth decile	205	110	95	7,635	3,960	3,680
In the top decile	240	135	110	4,360	2,240	2,120
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	114,700	57,095	57,610
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	23,325	11,950	11,375
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	7,870	4,000	3,870
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	72,050	35,975	36,080
65 years and over	0	0	0	19,320	9,170	10,150
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	13,960	6,350	7,600
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	2,645	1,360	1,285
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	790	395	390
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	7,860	3,715	4,150
65 years and over	0	0	0	3,445	1,280	2,170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	12.2	11.1	13.2
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	11.3	11.4	11.3
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	10.0	9.9	10.1
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	10.9	10.3	11.5
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	17.8	14.0	21.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	6,405	3,240	3,160
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	1,135	605	530
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	350	190	160
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	4,835	2,465	2,365
65 years and over	0	0	0	435	175	265
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	5.6	5.7	5.5
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	4.9	5.1	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	4.4	4.8	4.1
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	6.7	6.9	6.6
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	2.3	1.9	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,220	630	590	114,700	57,095	57,605
Official languages	1,225	630	595	114,615	57,055	57,565
English	1,220	625	595	48,385	26,075	22,310
French	175	75	95	113,760	56,580	57,185
Non-official languages	235	120	115	5,925	2,920	3,010
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	30	20	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	15	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	225	120	105	5,900	2,905	2,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	455	250	205
Berber languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	425	240	185
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	410	225	180
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	80	40	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	85	15	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	60	15	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	175	95	85
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	90	80
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	195	105	90	4,640	2,280	2,355
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	40	10	20	225	120	105
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	25	225	120	105
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	15	0	20	20	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	65	35	30
Russian	10	0	15	75	35	45
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	60	70	690	390	305
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	85	35	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	125	60	65	560	330	230
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	20	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	30	15	3,795	1,820	1,975
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	10	575	295	280
Portuguese	0	0	0	270	165	110
Romanian	0	0	0	90	45	50
Spanish	45	30	15	3,005	1,395	1,615
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	40	25	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	15	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	60	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	20	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	170	70	95
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	125	50	75
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	130	65	65
Chinese languages	0	0	0	130	60	65
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	30	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	80	30	50
Lao	0	0	0	60	20	35
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	25	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	25	15	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,225	630	595	114,695	57,095	57,610
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,130	590	540	113,580	56,610	56,970
Canadian citizens aged under 18	235	130	105	23,170	11,955	11,215
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	890	455	435	90,410	44,655	45,755
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	95	45	55	1,120	485	635
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,220	630	590	114,700	57,095	57,610
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	995	520	475	110,375	55,005	55,370
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	220	105	115	4,095	1,985	2,110
Before 1981	70	40	30	1,550	825	720
1981 to 1990	10	0	10	505	245	260
1991 to 2000	65	45	25	575	245	325
2001 to 2010	55	20	40	965	430	530
2001 to 2005	20	0	20	420	185	230
2006 to 2010	35	15	20	545	245	300
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	10	510	235	270
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	10	10	225	105	125
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	220	105	115	4,100	1,985	2,110
Under 5 years	15	0	10	640	270	375
5 to 14 years	10	10	10	640	325	315
15 to 24 years	65	40	25	905	440	465
25 to 44 years	120	55	65	1,675	850	830
45 years and over	10	0	10	235	105	130
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	220	105	110	4,095	1,985	2,110
Americas	45	20	20	865	355	510
Brazil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	55	25	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	90	25	65
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	40	15	25
Peru	0	0	0	60	25	40
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	25	25	230	85	145
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	345	155	190
Europe	165	85	80	2,075	1,095	985
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	15	15	0
Croatia	10	10	0	10	10	0
France	10	10	10	860	430	430
Germany	60	40	20	185	95	90
Greece	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	10	0	155	95	65
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	10
Poland	0	0	0	50	35	20
Portugal	0	0	0	125	95	30
Romania	0	0	0	70	30	45
Russian Federation	15	0	15	25	10	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	15	35	50	30	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	480	235	250
Africa	0	0	0	625	360	265
Algeria	0	0	0	120	65	55
Egypt	0	0	0	40	25	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	135	80	55
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	325	190	135
Asia	15	0	15	525	175	345
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	165	30	135
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	30	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	55	10	50
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	95	40	55
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	125	60	65
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	0	10	505	235	270
Americas	0	0	0	115	45	70
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	30	10	25
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	40	15	25
Europe	10	10	10	135	60	70
France	15	0	10	100	55	50
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	200	105	90
Algeria	0	0	0	30	15	15
Cameroon	0	0	0	30	15	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	30	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	40	20	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	60	30	30
Asia	0	0	0	50	15	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,225	630	590	114,700	57,095	57,610
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	250	130	115	4,620	2,260	2,360
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	210	95	115	5,240	2,710	2,530
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	760	405	360	104,840	52,125	52,720
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	155	65	90	2,630	1,200	1,430
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	110	60	45	1,315	660	655
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	75	50	25	640	400	240
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	40	15	25	675	260	410
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	40	0	40	1,000	370	630
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	295	155	145
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,220	630	595	114,695	57,090	57,610
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	115	45	65	1,455	690	765
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	115	45	65	1,385	665	720
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	90	35	55	695	345	355
Métis	10	10	10	660	305	350
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	35	20	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	15	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,115	585	520	113,240	56,400	56,840
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,220	630	590	114,700	57,090	57,605
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	75	30	45	290	145	150
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,150	600	545	114,405	56,950	57,460
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,220	630	595	114,700	57,095	57,605
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	35	20	15	1,040	520	525
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	35	15	20	1,035	515	520
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	15	20	895	445	450
Métis single ancestry	0	10	0	125	60	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	80	20	55	4,105	1,995	2,110
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	80	25	55	4,085	1,985	2,100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	15	40	3,575	1,765	1,815
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	440	195	245
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	70	30	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,110	590	520	109,550	54,580	54,970
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,220	630	590	114,700	57,095	57,610
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10	0	15	2,455	1,135	1,315
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Chinese	0	0	0	230	50	180
Black	0	0	0	845	445	405
Filipino	0	0	10	75	20	60
Latin American	0	0	0	435	200	225
Arab	0	0	0	390	220	170
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	250	110	140
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	20	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	30	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,210	630	580	112,250	55,955	56,295
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,220	630	590	114,700	57,090	57,610
North American Aboriginal origins	110	40	70	5,145	2,515	2,630
First Nations (North American Indian)	85	35	55	4,505	2,225	2,280
Inuit	10	10	0	90	40	45
Métis	20	0	15	585	265	315
Other North American origins	345	170	175	87,375	43,305	44,070
Acadian	10	0	10	540	280	260
American	15	15	10	750	385	360
Canadian	325	165	160	83,995	41,550	42,445
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	15	10	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Québécois	0	0	0	3,340	1,720	1,620
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	990	505	485	43,590	21,870	21,720
British Isles origins	585	265	320	11,375	5,545	5,835
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	365	155	215	2,910	1,370	1,540
Irish	270	120	145	7,335	3,590	3,750
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	275	130	150	2,690	1,325	1,365
Welsh	0	0	0	120	55	65
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	10	0	265	115	155
French origins	120	60	60	31,235	15,655	15,580
Alsatian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Breton	0	0	10	185	105	80
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	120	60	55	31,095	15,575	15,525
Western European origins (except French origins)	365	190	170	4,400	2,030	2,370
Austrian	10	0	10	110	75	35
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	10	1,365	635	730
Dutch	45	25	20	505	250	255
Flemish	10	0	0	20	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	295	165	130	2,100	975	1,120
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	35	15	25	625	285	340
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	135	75	60	220	145	80
Danish	35	15	20	105	65	40
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Icelandic	15	0	10	0	10	0
Norwegian	55	30	25	35	25	15
Swedish	50	30	20	45	30	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Eastern European origins	175	95	80	1,200	630	565
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Czech	10	0	0	20	0	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	10	180	70	110
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	50	35	15	455	225	225
Romanian	15	10	10	150	60	85
Russian	50	15	40	110	60	50
Slovak	0	0	10	35	20	20
Ukrainian	70	30	40	325	195	135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	95	60	30	4,170	2,175	1,995
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatian	15	15	0	60	55	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	150	90	60
Italian	40	25	20	2,570	1,270	1,295
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	655	370	285
Serbian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	10	10	0	755	395	360
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	220	135	90
Basque	0	0	0	25	0	20
Jewish	0	0	0	45	20	30
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	150	110	40
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	485	190	290
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	75	35	40
Dominican	0	0	0	75	20	55
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	260	105	150
Jamaican	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	20	0	20
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	690	370	325
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	40	20	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chilean	0	0	0	130	65	60
Colombian	0	0	0	135	65	70
Costa Rican	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	40	25	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	10	15
Honduran	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	75	40	35
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	25	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	70	15	55
Salvadorean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	0	0
African origins	20	10	10	1,220	625	600
Central and West African origins	15	10	10	285	170	120
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	25	20	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	35	20	20
Cameroonian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	25	25	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	15	0	40	25	10
North African origins	0	0	0	580	275	305
Algerian	0	0	0	140	80	65
Berber	0	0	0	100	65	40
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	105	40	75
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	225	105	120
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	50	30	25
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	100	50	50
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Burundian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	270	150	125
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	245	135	110
Asian origins	25	10	20	1,295	560	730
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	0	0	445	255	185
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	155	85	70
Armenian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	125	80	45
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	10	20	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	30	10	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	110	50	55
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	105	50	50
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	20	0	15	760	270	495
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese	0	0	10	335	110	225
Filipino	10	0	10	95	25	75
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	20	35
Laotian	0	0	0	70	20	50
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	80	80
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	10	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	555	...	...	50,060	...	...
Owner	380	...	...	32,920	...	...
Renter	170	...	...	17,140	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	555	...	...	50,060	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	3,810	...	...
Not condominium	550	...	...	46,255	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	550	...	...	50,060	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	135	...	...
1 bedroom	165	...	...	5,865	...	...
2 bedrooms	130	...	...	15,900	...	...
3 bedrooms	115	...	...	17,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	130	...	...	10,650	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	555	...	...	50,060	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	220	...	...	14,705	...	...
5 rooms	60	...	...	9,510	...	...
6 rooms	65	...	...	6,290	...	...
7 rooms	50	...	...	5,915	...	...
8 or more rooms	155	...	...	13,640	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	550	...	...	50,060	...	...
One person or fewer per room	545	...	...	49,970	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	550	...	...	50,060	...	...
Suitable	530	...	...	49,145	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	555	...	...	50,060	...	...
1960 or before	25	...	...	10,785	...	...
1961 to 1980	125	...	...	15,145	...	...
1981 to 1990	85	...	...	7,625	...	...
1991 to 2000	85	...	...	6,435	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...	3,745	...	...
2006 to 2010	85	...	...	3,720	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	85	...	...	2,605	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	550	...	...	50,060	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	505	...	...	47,215	...	...
Major repairs needed	45	...	...	2,845	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	550	...	...	50,060	...	...
1 household maintainer	310	...	...	30,460	...	...
2 household maintainers	230	...	...	19,090	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	550	...	...	50,060	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	1,545	...	...
25 to 34 years	70	...	...	6,840	...	...
35 to 44 years	95	...	...	8,295	...	...
45 to 54 years	125	...	...	9,980	...	...
55 to 64 years	165	...	...	10,700	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...	8,090	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	3,705	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	915	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	525	...	...	49,630	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	435	...	...	40,225	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	90	...	...	9,405	...	...
30% to less than 100%	70	...	...	8,660	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	355	...	...	32,590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	46.5	...	...	66.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.7	...	...	12.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	705	...	...	1,047	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,210	...	...	1,080	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	500,351	...	...	250,346	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	505,640	...	...	268,768	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	170	...	...	17,100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	7.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	23.5	...	...	32.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	825	...	...	701	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	883	...	...	728	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,025	520	500	95,125	47,045	48,080
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	55	25	21,155	11,195	9,950
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	215	135	85	22,890	10,885	12,010
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	720	335	390	51,085	24,965	26,115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	150	110	40	19,505	11,900	7,610
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	50	35	20	14,135	7,605	6,535
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	95	75	20	5,370	4,295	1,080
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	265	115	150	16,645	6,875	9,770
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	25	2,900	1,135	1,765
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	285	110	175	12,030	5,060	6,970
Bachelor's degree	180	70	110	8,625	3,485	5,140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	1,000	440	560
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	315	155	160
Master's degree	75	30	40	1,845	855	990
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	15	245	120	125
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	750	360	390	62,555	31,045	31,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	9,685	5,690	3,995
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	135	85	50	13,595	6,590	7,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	585	255	335	39,275	18,765	20,510
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	100	65	35	15,315	9,160	6,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	40	15	20	11,190	5,875	5,320
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	60	45	15	4,120	3,280	840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	220	95	120	12,340	5,090	7,250
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	20	2,070	810	1,260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	255	95	160	9,555	3,710	5,840
Bachelor's degree	165	60	105	6,975	2,635	4,340
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	750	305	445
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	210	65	150
Master's degree	65	25	40	1,450	620	830
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	165	85	80
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,020	525	500	95,125	47,050	48,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	300	185	110	44,040	22,080	21,960
Education	70	20	50	3,725	755	2,975
13. Education	70	15	50	3,725	750	2,970
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	0	20	1,700	770	930
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	360	265	95
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	25	1,340	510	830
Humanities	15	10	15	2,490	1,035	1,455
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	230	35	190
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	40	10	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,550	665	885
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	60	35	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	110	65	40
54. History	0	0	0	180	105	70
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	310	105	205
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	35	50	3,795	970	2,825
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	420	125	295
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	25	1,170	90	1,085
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	750	240	505
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	110	25	85
42. Psychology	10	0	10	635	160	475
45. Social sciences	30	15	15	660	330	330
Business, management and public administration	100	25	70	11,325	3,610	7,720
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	725	125	605
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	25	70	10,585	3,485	7,100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25	1,265	615	655
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	375	115	265
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	230	120	110
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	295	160	135
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	275	195	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	100	25	75
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	1,610	1,170	445
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	10	1,390	1,045	345
25. Library science	0	0	0	90	25	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	115	80	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	155	145	20	12,685	11,850	835
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	265	160	105
14. Engineering	15	10	10	990	860	130
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	15	0	2,440	2,160	285
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	55	0	3,300	3,230	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	3,025	2,905	120
48. Precision production	15	15	0	2,665	2,535	130
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	25	40	1,145	770	375
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	10	960	620	340
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	20	35	185	150	35
Health and related fields	110	30	80	6,500	1,000	5,505
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	15	15	320	150	170
51. Health professions and related programs	75	15	60	6,115	820	5,290
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	65	25	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	25	15	4,820	2,415	2,405
12. Personal and culinary services	20	0	15	2,675	625	2,050
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	30	25	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	80	70	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	985	770	220
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	1,050	925	125
Other	0	0	0	20	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	15	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	750	360	395	62,555	31,045	31,515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	160	100	55	23,285	12,280	11,005
Education	50	15	35	2,440	420	2,015
13. Education	50	15	40	2,440	425	2,020
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	20	1,395	610	780
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	320	235	85
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	25	1,075	380	695
Humanities	20	0	15	1,540	650	890
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	160	25	135
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	15	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	895	405	485
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	25	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	70	50	15
54. History	0	0	0	155	95	55
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	190	45	145
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	35	40	3,065	705	2,365
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	50	0	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	330	85	245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	20	980	60	915
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	590	180	415
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	70	15	55
42. Psychology	0	0	10	510	100	410
45. Social sciences	30	15	10	540	260	275
Business, management and public administration	75	20	55	8,950	2,695	6,250
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	545	70	475
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	20	55	8,390	2,625	5,765
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	15	20	845	385	460
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	10	290	85	210
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	170	90	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	70	25	40
40. Physical sciences	10	10	10	240	170	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	20	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	1,375	995	385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	10	1,230	920	305
25. Library science	0	0	0	70	20	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	70	40	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	120	100	20	9,775	9,025	755
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	205	120	80
14. Engineering	15	0	10	815	700	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	15	0	1,850	1,595	255
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45	35	10	2,490	2,425	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	25	0	2,380	2,270	115
48. Precision production	10	10	0	2,040	1,920	120
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	25	40	895	600	295
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	0	0	740	480	265
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	15	30	150	120	30
Health and related fields	100	25	75	5,100	745	4,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	0	15	250	115	140
51. Health professions and related programs	75	15	60	4,790	615	4,175
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	60	15	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	3,870	1,920	1,950
12. Personal and culinary services	10	10	10	2,070	445	1,625
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	60	50	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	840	640	195
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	880	760	120
Other	0	0	0	15	15	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,025	520	500	95,125	47,045	48,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	300	190	110	44,045	22,080	21,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	720	335	385	51,085	24,965	26,120
Location of study inside Canada	550	255	295	49,635	24,215	25,430
Same as province or territory of residence	160	65	90	48,655	23,640	25,015
Different than province or territory of residence	390	185	205	980	570	415
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	175	85	95	1,450	755	695
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	25	35	220	120	100
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	10	15	40	35	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	30	15	15
France	15	10	0	490	255	230
Other	70	40	25	660	335	325
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	750	360	390	62,555	31,045	31,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	165	105	60	23,280	12,280	11,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	590	255	330	39,275	18,765	20,510
Location of study inside Canada	435	190	255	38,240	18,250	19,990
Same as province or territory of residence	120	45	80	37,525	17,830	19,690
Different than province or territory of residence	320	145	175	720	420	305
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	150	65	85	1,035	520	515
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	15	30	130	65	60
Philippines	10	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	15	20	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	10	10	10	355	185	170
Other	60	35	30	500	240	260
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,025	525	500	95,125	47,050	48,080
In the labour force	760	370	390	62,505	32,700	29,805
Employed	725	340	385	58,915	30,635	28,280
Unemployed	35	30	10	3,590	2,065	1,530
Not in the labour force	260	155	105	32,620	14,350	18,275
Participation rate	74.1	70.5	78.0	65.7	69.5	62.0
Employment rate	70.7	64.8	77.0	61.9	65.1	58.8
Unemployment rate	4.6	8.1	2.6	5.7	6.3	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,020	525	495	95,125	47,045	48,080
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	185	105	80	30,790	13,615	17,180
Worked	840	415	420	64,335	33,435	30,900
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	405	200	210	31,690	17,475	14,210
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	435	225	215	32,645	15,955	16,690
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	40.0	43.3	43.5	43.7	43.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	765	365	395	62,505	32,700	29,805
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	1,215	580	635
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	755	360	395	61,285	32,115	29,165
Employee	585	270	315	53,875	27,625	26,255
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	170	95	80	7,410	4,500	2,910
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	760	370	390	62,500	32,700	29,805
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	1,215	580	635
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	755	360	390	61,285	32,115	29,170
0 Management occupations	125	65	60	6,220	4,005	2,215
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	120	25	100	9,170	2,640	6,535
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	45	15	25	3,120	2,405	715
3 Health occupations	45	0	40	4,205	575	3,625
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	130	60	70	7,050	1,940	5,105
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	10	20	1,415	635	785
6 Sales and service occupations	85	15	65	13,965	5,760	8,210
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	145	135	10	10,955	10,380	580
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	0	1,105	880	225
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	4,075	2,905	1,170
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	760	370	390	62,505	32,700	29,805
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	1,220	580	635
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	755	365	390	61,285	32,120	29,170
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	20	0	1,620	1,115	505
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	0	140	115	25
22 Utilities	10	0	10	345	240	110
23 Construction	110	90	20	4,700	4,160	545
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	8,510	6,220	2,290
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	2,230	1,585	645
44-45 Retail trade	65	20	50	8,140	3,700	4,445
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35	25	10	3,240	2,540	705
51 Information and cultural industries	30	15	15	1,040	590	450
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	1,990	740	1,245
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	0	755	460	290
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	70	35	40	3,125	1,530	1,595
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	55	15	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	10	2,355	1,435	925
61 Educational services	75	25	45	3,675	910	2,760
62 Health care and social assistance	45	10	40	7,680	1,015	6,665
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	20	25	1,140	585	560
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	3,795	1,535	2,260
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	10	30	2,680	1,300	1,380
91 Public administration	130	45	80	4,065	2,345	1,720
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	725	340	385	58,910	30,635	28,280
Worked at home	95	45	55	3,785	1,860	1,925
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	100	85	20
No fixed workplace address	120	90	30	5,905	4,555	1,355
Worked at usual place	505	205	305	49,120	24,140	24,980
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	505	205	305	49,120	24,140	24,980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30	10	20	24,120	10,905	13,215
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	475	190	285	4,375	2,075	2,300
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	20,565	11,120	9,445
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	60	40	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	625	295	330	55,025	28,690	26,330
Car, truck, van - as a driver	535	240	295	47,225	25,080	22,145
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	55	25	25	1,765	840	925
Public transit	10	0	0	2,700	1,115	1,590
Walked	15	0	10	2,365	1,060	1,300
Bicycle	0	10	0	510	355	155
Other method	10	10	0	460	245	215
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	625	295	330	55,025	28,690	26,335
Less than 15 minutes	55	35	25	19,155	8,865	10,290
15 to 29 minutes	310	175	140	14,785	7,300	7,485
30 to 44 minutes	195	50	140	10,035	6,000	4,035
45 to 59 minutes	40	20	20	5,865	3,565	2,305
60 minutes and over	25	20	10	5,180	2,965	2,220
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	630	295	335	55,025	28,690	26,335
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	10	10	5,520	4,270	1,250
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	100	50	50	11,625	7,250	4,370
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	245	125	120	15,825	7,315	8,510
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	150	65	85	8,440	3,110	5,330
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	80	20	55	4,300	1,480	2,820
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45	30	15	9,310	5,260	4,055
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	840	415	430	66,040	34,350	31,690
Single responses	835	415	420	63,370	32,910	30,455
Official languages	830	410	420	63,315	32,885	30,435
English	820	410	410	2,470	1,455	1,010
French	15	0	15	60,850	31,430	29,420
Non-official languages	10	10	0	50	25	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	55	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	35	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	2,670	1,435	1,230
English and French	10	0	10	2,600	1,390	1,210
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	845	415	425	66,040	34,350	31,690
None	800	395	405	47,835	24,430	23,400
English	20	10	15	15,970	8,710	7,255
French	20	15	0	1,890	1,035	855
Non-official language	0	0	0	245	120	125
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	250	120	130
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	75	25	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,210	625	580	113,475	56,515	56,960
Non-movers	1,075	545	530	99,980	49,950	50,030
Movers	135	80	55	13,495	6,565	6,930
Non-migrants	90	65	30	8,205	3,905	4,300
Migrants	50	20	30	5,295	2,660	2,635
Internal migrants	45	15	30	5,095	2,560	2,540
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	4,830	2,420	2,410
Interprovincial migrants	40	15	20	265	140	130
External migrants	0	0	0	200	105	100
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,155	590	560	108,205	53,810	54,395
Non-movers	820	415	400	70,045	35,065	34,985
Movers	335	175	160	38,160	18,750	19,410
Non-migrants	185	100	85	22,385	10,910	11,475
Migrants	150	70	75	15,775	7,835	7,935
Internal migrants	120	60	55	15,265	7,575	7,690
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	15	14,715	7,280	7,440
Interprovincial migrants	95	55	45	550	300	250
External migrants	35	15	20	510	265	245

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Macpherson-Grizzly Valley, NO [Census subdivision], Yukon and Le Haut-Richelieu, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 12, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Macpherson-Grizzly Valley, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Yukon and Le Haut-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Macpherson-Grizzly Valley, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Yukon and Le Haut-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Macpherson-Grizzly Valley, Unorganized [Census subdivision], Yukon and Le Haut-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec