Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Haute-Yamaska, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	La Haute-Yamaska, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Division No. 4, CDR Saskatchewan [Census division]
	Data quality , La Haute-Yamaska, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : La Haute-Yamaska, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	88,306	...	...	10,854	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	85,042	...	...	10,879	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.8	...	...	-0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	40,364	...	...	5,262	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	38,826	...	...	4,181	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	138.7	...	...	0.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	636.81	...	...	21,366.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	88,305	43,600	44,705	10,855	5,405	5,455
0 to 14 years	14,655	7,530	7,120	2,015	1,015	1,000
0 to 4 years	4,745	2,435	2,310	695	365	330
5 to 9 years	5,120	2,675	2,455	635	325	310
10 to 14 years	4,785	2,420	2,360	685	325	360
15 to 64 years	56,050	28,140	27,905	6,775	3,360	3,410
15 to 19 years	4,640	2,420	2,225	700	365	330
20 to 24 years	4,775	2,420	2,350	580	295	285
25 to 29 years	4,575	2,340	2,240	570	275	295
30 to 34 years	4,980	2,550	2,430	600	285	315
35 to 39 years	5,605	2,845	2,760	560	280	280
40 to 44 years	4,895	2,525	2,370	565	275	290
45 to 49 years	5,315	2,675	2,645	615	285	330
50 to 54 years	7,010	3,440	3,575	810	400	405
55 to 59 years	7,515	3,625	3,885	965	475	490
60 to 64 years	6,740	3,310	3,430	815	425	390
65 years and over	17,605	7,930	9,675	2,065	1,025	1,040
65 to 69 years	5,830	2,870	2,965	640	340	305
70 to 74 years	4,525	2,110	2,410	500	265	230
75 to 79 years	3,120	1,405	1,720	335	170	165
80 to 84 years	2,055	845	1,215	305	140	165
85 years and over	2,075	700	1,375	280	105	175
85 to 89 years	1,335	485	850	165	70	95
90 to 94 years	590	190	400	95	35	60
95 to 99 years	135	25	115	15	0	15
100 years and over	20	0	15	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	18.6	18.8	18.3
15 to 64 years	63.5	64.5	62.4	62.4	62.2	62.5
65 years and over	19.9	18.2	21.6	19.0	19.0	19.1
85 years and over	2.3	1.6	3.1	2.6	1.9	3.2
Average age of the population	43.0	41.8	44.1	41.9	41.5	42.2
Median age of the population	45.0	43.4	46.7	43.6	43.3	43.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	38,830	...	...	4,185	...	...
Single-detached house	18,760	...	...	3,700	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	810	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	18,460	...	...	305	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,475	...	...	55	...	...
Row house	315	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,590	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,490	...	...	200	...	...
Other single-attached house	590	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	805	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
1 person	13,005	...	...	1,340	...	...
2 persons	14,520	...	...	1,670	...	...
3 persons	4,755	...	...	425	...	...
4 persons	4,270	...	...	420	...	...
5 or more persons	2,275	...	...	325	...	...
Number of persons in private households	85,810	...	...	9,405	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	73,650	36,070	37,585	8,845	4,390	4,455
Married or living common law	43,035	21,535	21,500	5,680	2,830	2,855
Married	23,565	11,785	11,780	5,090	2,540	2,555
Living common law	19,470	9,750	9,720	590	295	300
Not married and not living common law	30,615	14,535	16,085	3,160	1,560	1,595
Never married	19,180	10,695	8,480	2,030	1,150	880
Separated	820	360	465	155	75	85
Divorced	6,100	2,465	3,635	420	210	205
Widowed	4,520	1,015	3,500	555	120	435
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25,055	...	...	2,785	...	...
2 persons	14,470	...	...	1,670	...	...
3 persons	4,545	...	...	420	...	...
4 persons	4,085	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	1,955	...	...	290	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25,050	...	...	2,785	...	...
Total couple families	21,130	...	...	2,515	...	...
Married couples	11,405	...	...	2,215	...	...
Common-law couples	9,725	...	...	295	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,925	...	...	270	...	...
Female parent	2,765	...	...	205	...	...
Male parent	1,160	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	21,130	...	...	2,515	...	...
Couples without children	12,080	...	...	1,495	...	...
Couples with children	9,050	...	...	1,020	...	...
1 child	3,375	...	...	355	...	...
2 children	3,805	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	1,870	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,925	...	...	275	...	...
1 child	2,390	...	...	170	...	...
2 children	1,170	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	365	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,365	7,875	8,490	1,605	850	750
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
One-census-family households	24,515	...	...	2,725	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,830	...	...	1,480	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,685	...	...	1,250	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	265	...	...	30	...	...
Non-census-family households	14,045	...	...	1,425	...	...
One-person households	13,005	...	...	1,340	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,040	...	...	85	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	87,130	43,135	44,000	10,700	5,335	5,365
English only	660	320	345	10,380	5,200	5,185
French only	54,415	25,450	28,965	5	0	0
English and French	31,800	17,230	14,565	275	115	160
Neither English nor French	265	130	130	35	20	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	87,135	43,130	44,005	10,700	5,335	5,365
English	3,050	1,560	1,485	10,525	5,250	5,275
French	83,215	41,115	42,095	135	60	70
English and French	625	330	290	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	255	125	125	35	20	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,360	1,725	1,635	135	65	75
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.9	4.0	3.7	1.3	1.2	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	87,135	43,135	44,000	10,700	5,335	5,365
Single responses	86,185	42,665	43,520	10,600	5,295	5,310
Official languages	83,445	41,255	42,185	9,040	4,545	4,500
English	2,790	1,430	1,360	8,775	4,425	4,355
French	80,650	39,825	40,830	270	120	150
Non-official languages	2,735	1,410	1,335	1,555	745	810
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	65	30	45
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	65	25	40
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,735	1,405	1,330	1,490	720	765
Afro-Asiatic languages	350	200	155	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	330	185	145	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	325	185	145	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	195	95	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	155	80	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,785	905	880	1,235	600	640
Albanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	210	100	105	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	210	100	105	25	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	5	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15	5	0	0
Russian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	125	65	55	1,165	565	600
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	5	0	5
Dutch	30	10	15	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	85	50	35	1,135	555	575
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	190	95	95	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	10	10	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	5	5	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	180	85	90	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	170	85	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,215	615	605	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	120	70	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	20	25	5	0	5
Romanian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Spanish	1,005	505	500	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0	20	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	305	155	150	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	10	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	60	65	0	0	5
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	35	20	15	10
Chinese languages	65	30	35	20	10	10
Cantonese	30	20	10	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	20	20	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	20	15	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	10	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	950	470	480	95	45	55
English and French	655	330	325	35	15	15
English and non-official language	25	10	10	65	30	35
French and non-official language	245	115	125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	87,135	43,135	44,000	10,700	5,335	5,365
Single responses	85,705	42,420	43,285	10,290	5,145	5,145
Official languages	84,190	41,650	42,540	9,340	4,675	4,660
English	2,355	1,190	1,165	9,315	4,665	4,650
French	81,835	40,460	41,375	20	10	10
Non-official languages	1,515	770	745	955	470	485
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,515	770	745	940	465	475
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	80	60	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	70	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	130	70	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	100	50	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	85	45	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,045	535	515	805	395	405
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	65	55	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	65	55	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	0	0	5
Russian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	5	10	775	385	390
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	765	380	385
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	65	70	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	135	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	750	385	365	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	5	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	5	5	0	0
Romanian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	680	345	330	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	155	65	85	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	75	35	40	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	5	5	5
Chinese languages	40	20	20	10	0	5
Cantonese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,425	715	715	410	190	220
English and French	705	360	345	5	5	5
English and non-official language	35	15	25	405	190	215
French and non-official language	615	305	310	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	35	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	87,135	43,130	44,005	10,700	5,335	5,365
None	79,885	39,330	40,555	9,660	4,825	4,830
English	4,620	2,455	2,170	820	405	415
French	1,625	830	795	35	10	25
Non-official language	815	420	390	180	85	95
Aboriginal	0	0	0	50	20	25
Non-Aboriginal	810	420	390	135	70	65
English and French	60	35	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	100	50	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	71,190	35,020	36,170	7,765	3,910	3,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	69,430	34,210	35,220	7,565	3,805	3,760
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,740	37,221	26,790	36,207	42,022	31,187
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	69,450	34,215	35,235	7,565	3,805	3,760
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,466	32,494	24,697	33,137	37,205	28,763
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,315	30,965	30,345	7,180	3,655	3,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,454	34,683	22,771	32,507	38,673	26,568
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,090	25,110	28,975	5,145	2,340	2,805
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,295	7,222	9,120	6,309	5,784	6,544
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,480	25,830	23,650	6,195	3,260	2,940
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,041	35,175	25,432	28,466	33,333	24,816
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	71,190	35,020	36,170	7,765	3,910	3,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,525	34,160	35,365	7,595	3,830	3,765
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,530	44,106	33,145	44,108	51,628	36,465
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,535	34,165	35,375	7,595	3,830	3,765
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,294	36,161	28,560	37,304	42,496	32,027
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,320	30,870	30,455	7,215	3,710	3,505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,687	42,072	29,214	40,769	48,302	32,795
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,200	25,135	29,065	5,105	2,370	2,730
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,053	8,280	9,721	7,979	7,741	8,186
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,475	25,805	23,675	6,195	3,285	2,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,971	40,780	30,729	37,168	42,828	30,776
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	71,190	35,020	36,170	7,765	3,910	3,855
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	22,315	12,375	9,940	3,060	1,830	1,235
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,173	47,003	37,278	41,079	42,844	39,074
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,834	54,402	41,904	48,660	53,155	41,995
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.5	86.0	75.6	87.7	90.5	83.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.2	69.6	61.7	68.3	70.9	64.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.5	14.0	24.4	12.3	9.4	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	71,190	35,020	36,175	7,765	3,905	3,860
Without total income	1,760	805	950	200	100	100
With total income	69,430	34,210	35,220	7,565	3,810	3,760
Percentage with total income	97.5	97.7	97.4	97.4	97.6	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,470	3,175	4,300	860	390	470
$10,000 to $19,999	13,625	5,270	8,360	1,175	480	695
$20,000 to $29,999	11,830	5,105	6,720	1,130	470	660
$30,000 to $39,999	10,280	5,015	5,265	1,045	470	570
$40,000 to $49,999	8,905	4,795	4,110	930	490	440
$50,000 to $59,999	6,090	3,590	2,505	665	355	310
$60,000 to $69,999	3,805	2,320	1,485	475	285	185
$70,000 to $79,999	2,610	1,535	1,075	325	210	110
$80,000 to $89,999	1,530	1,000	530	260	140	115
$90,000 to $99,999	985	695	290	205	125	75
$100,000 and over	2,300	1,710	590	510	380	130
$100,000 to $149,999	1,590	1,180	410	365	260	105
$150,000 and over	715	530	185	145	115	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	71,190	35,020	36,170	7,765	3,905	3,855
Without after-tax income	1,740	805	935	200	100	100
With after-tax income	69,450	34,215	35,235	7,565	3,805	3,760
Percentage with after-tax income	97.6	97.7	97.4	97.4	97.4	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,830	3,250	4,585	885	400	480
$10,000 to $19,999	14,400	5,630	8,770	1,235	505	730
$20,000 to $29,999	14,505	6,550	7,955	1,295	555	745
$30,000 to $39,999	13,195	6,930	6,270	1,285	625	655
$40,000 to $49,999	8,915	5,130	3,785	1,000	525	470
$50,000 to $59,999	4,885	2,865	2,020	640	385	260
$60,000 to $69,999	2,520	1,570	955	430	260	170
$70,000 to $79,999	1,245	865	380	290	175	115
$80,000 and over	1,950	1,430	520	510	370	140
$80,000 to $89,999	685	480	205	180	110	65
$90,000 to $99,999	365	275	90	115	90	30
$100,000 and over	905	680	225	215	170	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	71,190	35,020	36,170	7,765	3,905	3,860
Without employment income	21,715	9,190	12,520	1,570	645	925
With employment income	49,475	25,825	23,650	6,195	3,260	2,935
Percentage with employment income	69.5	73.7	65.4	79.8	83.5	76.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,645	3,375	3,270	1,040	550	490
$5,000 to $9,999	3,860	1,620	2,240	530	240	285
$10,000 to $19,999	7,310	3,120	4,190	870	390	480
$20,000 to $29,999	6,890	3,035	3,860	755	340	420
$30,000 to $39,999	7,005	3,505	3,500	750	350	400
$40,000 to $49,999	5,670	3,215	2,450	595	325	270
$50,000 to $59,999	4,035	2,535	1,510	425	235	190
$60,000 to $69,999	2,700	1,680	1,015	320	215	110
$70,000 to $79,999	1,905	1,180	730	220	140	80
$80,000 and over	3,455	2,570	880	695	480	210
$80,000 to $89,999	1,140	800	340	175	100	80
$90,000 to $99,999	735	550	185	160	105	60
$100,000 and over	1,580	1,225	355	355	280	75
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	55,259	...	...	65,139	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,680	...	...	58,054	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,005	...	...	1,340	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,312	...	...	34,987	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,048	...	...	31,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,825	...	...	2,840	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,244	...	...	84,779	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,476	...	...	74,661	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,996	...	...	80,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,838	...	...	67,761	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,005	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,567	...	...	42,014	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,872	...	...	35,658	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,825	...	...	2,830	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,329	...	...	98,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,418	...	...	83,055	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	38,830	...	...	4,180	...	...
Under $5,000	275	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	540	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,485	...	...	85	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,125	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,370	...	...	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,760	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,380	...	...	205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,360	...	...	210	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,150	...	...	180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,980	...	...	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,685	...	...	385	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,065	...	...	335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,720	...	...	260	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,275	...	...	255	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,965	...	...	260	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,705	...	...	1,160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,400	...	...	425	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,880	...	...	285	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,515	...	...	270	...	...
$200,000 and over	905	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	38,825	...	...	4,185	...	...
Under $5,000	305	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	550	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,515	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,220	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,725	...	...	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,120	...	...	185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,980	...	...	245	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,745	...	...	235	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,535	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,300	...	...	240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,095	...	...	425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,470	...	...	360	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,775	...	...	320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,265	...	...	305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,685	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,525	...	...	815	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,520	...	...	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,010	...	...	215	...	...
$150,000 and over	995	...	...	215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,080	...	...	2,780	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,285	...	...	84,565	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,494	...	...	74,673	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,645	...	...	1,470	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,184	...	...	77,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,638	...	...	68,809	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,100	...	...	1,020	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,072	...	...	105,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,339	...	...	91,867	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,800	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,410	...	...	52,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,192	...	...	47,232	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	25,065	...	...	2,760	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,656	...	...	98,048	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,590	...	...	82,878	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,660	...	...	1,460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,674	...	...	91,761	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,414	...	...	76,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,080	...	...	1,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,677	...	...	116,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,315	...	...	98,772	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,805	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,837	...	...	60,168	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,344	...	...	53,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,110	7,290	7,820	1,510	800	705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,444	31,302	24,788	34,528	39,056	29,184
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,348	27,923	23,678	31,152	35,040	27,093
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,110	7,285	7,820	1,545	830	710
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,227	37,966	32,676	41,675	43,483	39,564
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,883	31,314	28,550	35,328	36,253	34,249
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	85,810	42,530	43,285	9,400	4,725	4,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	54,030	26,180	27,850	4,835	2,335	2,500
In the bottom decile	7,210	3,475	3,735	815	425	385
In the second decile	11,115	4,900	6,215	1,030	460	570
In the third decile	12,535	6,110	6,430	950	440	510
In the fourth decile	12,065	6,080	5,985	1,050	525	530
In the fifth decile	11,100	5,615	5,485	985	485	500
In the top half of the distribution	31,790	16,355	15,430	4,570	2,390	2,175
In the sixth decile	10,005	5,170	4,835	975	510	465
In the seventh decile	8,135	4,165	3,970	975	520	460
In the eighth decile	6,380	3,265	3,110	935	500	435
In the ninth decile	4,355	2,235	2,115	985	510	480
In the top decile	2,915	1,515	1,400	695	365	335
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	85,810	42,530	43,285	9,240	4,655	4,585
0 to 17 years	17,380	8,925	8,450	1,930	980	945
0 to 5 years	5,735	2,960	2,780	600	320	280
18 to 64 years	52,675	26,290	26,380	5,410	2,725	2,680
65 years and over	15,760	7,315	8,450	1,905	950	950
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,570	5,640	6,930	1,235	605	635
0 to 17 years	2,525	1,270	1,255	285	150	140
0 to 5 years	855	445	410	100	55	45
18 to 64 years	6,835	3,215	3,620	595	305	295
65 years and over	3,205	1,155	2,050	355	155	200
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.6	13.3	16.0	13.4	13.0	13.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.5	14.2	14.9	14.8	15.3	14.8
0 to 5 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.7	16.7	17.2	16.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.2	13.7	11.0	11.2	11.0
65 years and over (%)	20.3	15.8	24.3	18.6	16.3	21.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,350	2,670	2,680	380	205	175
0 to 17 years	1,015	505	515	95	50	45
0 to 5 years	355	185	170	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	3,995	2,035	1,960	245	140	110
65 years and over	345	135	205	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	6.3	6.2	4.1	4.4	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	5.8	5.7	6.1	4.9	5.1	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.2	6.3	6.1	5.8	4.7	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.7	7.4	4.5	5.1	4.1
65 years and over (%)	2.2	1.8	2.4	2.1	2.1	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	85,815	42,530	43,280	9,405	4,725	4,675
Official languages	85,550	42,375	43,180	9,390	4,725	4,665
English	32,020	17,390	14,630	9,380	4,720	4,665
French	84,905	42,045	42,855	265	105	160
Non-official languages	5,320	2,600	2,720	850	390	460
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	90	50	35
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	90	50	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,315	2,600	2,715	765	340	420
Afro-Asiatic languages	495	270	225	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	475	265	215	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	470	255	210	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	40	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	310	140	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	0	305	140	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	165	80	80	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	155	70	80	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,955	1,930	2,025	350	160	195
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	305	150	155	55	35	20
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	300	150	155	50	35	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	20	15	10	0	0
Russian	145	80	65	10	0	0
Serbian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	15	15	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	340	165	175	240	95	140
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	20	10	15	0	15
Dutch	50	20	30	15	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	275	135	135	190	95	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	0	15
Greek	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	205	95	105	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	30	20	15	10
Bengali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	0	0	10	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	185	85	105	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	175	85	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,120	1,520	1,600	65	25	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	290	150	140	10	0	10
Portuguese	105	65	35	0	0	0
Romanian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Spanish	2,740	1,315	1,425	60	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	60	20	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	400	180	220	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	55	25	30	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	55	25	30	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	185	75	110	0	0	0
Wolof	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	25	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	40	30	15	15
Chinese languages	80	40	40	30	15	10
Cantonese	40	15	25	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	0	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	15	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	85,810	42,530	43,280	9,400	4,730	4,675
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	84,445	41,815	42,630	8,970	4,530	4,440
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,120	8,865	8,260	1,845	900	945
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	67,325	32,950	34,375	7,130	3,635	3,490
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,365	715	650	430	190	235
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	85,815	42,530	43,285	9,400	4,725	4,675
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	81,985	40,550	41,435	8,640	4,395	4,250
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,615	1,825	1,795	710	300	410
Before 1981	705	370	335	160	65	95
1981 to 1990	250	115	135	45	10	35
1991 to 2000	415	180	230	35	25	10
2001 to 2010	1,390	730	660	150	60	90
2001 to 2005	685	365	315	25	10	20
2006 to 2010	710	360	345	130	55	70
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	850	425	425	315	135	180
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	215	160	60	50	35	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,610	1,825	1,790	710	300	410
Under 5 years	485	220	260	70	25	45
5 to 14 years	645	330	310	150	55	95
15 to 24 years	745	340	405	135	65	70
25 to 44 years	1,530	820	710	285	125	165
45 years and over	215	110	100	65	25	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,615	1,825	1,790	705	300	405
Americas	1,120	545	575	175	80	95
Brazil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	490	220	265	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	85	45	35	10	10	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	20	25	45	20	25
Peru	60	35	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	180	70	110	115	60	60
Other places of birth in Americas	230	120	110	10	0	10
Europe	1,165	630	535	165	70	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	20	30	0	0	0
Croatia	20	15	10	0	0	0
France	475	285	190	0	0	0
Germany	80	35	40	20	10	15
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	50	20	25	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	10	10	15	0	15
Poland	25	15	10	0	0	0
Portugal	20	15	10	0	0	0
Romania	70	30	35	0	0	10
Russian Federation	20	0	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	0	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	35	25	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	20	0	70	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	225	130	95	35	10	30
Africa	795	380	410	0	0	0
Algeria	50	35	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	215	115	100	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	505	215	285	0	0	0
Asia	530	255	270	350	150	195
Afghanistan	115	50	65	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	75	25	55	25	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	30	10	15
Lebanon	25	10	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	10	280	115	165
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	35	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	95	40	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	55	30	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	15	10	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	850	425	425	315	135	180
Americas	225	115	115	35	15	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	85	25	55	0	0	0
Cuba	30	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	25	15	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	15	0	25	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	40	25	10	0	0
Europe	165	90	75	30	20	15
France	75	45	25	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	35	10	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	10	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20	10	0	10
Africa	315	145	175	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	135	60	70	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	40	60	0	0	0
Asia	140	70	70	240	100	145
Afghanistan	30	0	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	0	215	85	135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	85,815	42,530	43,285	9,400	4,730	4,675
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,960	2,045	1,915	785	360	425
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,440	1,700	1,740	1,365	695	665
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	78,415	38,790	39,620	7,250	3,675	3,575
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,950	1,480	1,470	545	235	310
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,040	580	460	395	185	215
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	485	370	115	130	95	35
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	555	210	345	270	85	180
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	685	300	380	125	40	85
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,210	595	610	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	10	10	15	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	85,815	42,530	43,285	9,400	4,725	4,675
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	915	435	480	550	260	290
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	885	410	480	515	245	270
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	405	185	215	355	180	170
Métis	475	220	255	165	60	100
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	15	0	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	84,895	42,100	42,800	8,850	4,465	4,385
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	85,810	42,530	43,280	9,400	4,730	4,675
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	110	60	50	345	175	170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85,705	42,470	43,235	9,055	4,555	4,500
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	85,815	42,530	43,280	9,400	4,730	4,675
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	710	315	395	285	130	150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	690	295	385	265	130	135
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	595	265	330	255	130	120
Métis single ancestry	95	35	60	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	15	0	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	15	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,315	1,055	1,260	425	200	225
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,300	1,050	1,255	420	200	220
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,120	970	1,155	240	130	110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	75	95	180	70	110
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	10	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	82,790	41,165	41,625	8,690	4,390	4,300
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	85,810	42,530	43,280	9,400	4,730	4,675
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,125	1,610	1,515	490	215	270
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	65	30	35	30	20	10
Chinese	165	70	100	45	20	25
Black	890	435	455	15	15	10
Filipino	25	15	10	330	145	185
Latin American	1,085	555	530	10	0	10
Arab	470	260	205	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	135	70	60	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	190	100	85	0	0	0
Korean	25	25	0	55	15	40
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	82,690	40,920	41,770	8,910	4,510	4,400
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	85,815	42,530	43,285	9,405	4,725	4,675
North American Aboriginal origins	3,025	1,365	1,655	710	335	380
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,750	1,255	1,495	520	265	255
Inuit	25	10	20	0	10	0
Métis	285	125	155	210	70	140
Other North American origins	67,165	32,980	34,185	2,505	1,225	1,275
Acadian	225	110	115	0	0	0
American	560	265	290	190	95	95
Canadian	65,125	31,980	33,150	2,375	1,160	1,215
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,090	1,035	1,060	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	27,055	13,610	13,450	7,450	3,775	3,680
British Isles origins	6,625	3,275	3,355	4,955	2,480	2,475
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,785	915	865	2,960	1,460	1,500
Irish	4,170	2,020	2,155	1,725	805	920
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	1,450	705	745	2,525	1,295	1,225
Welsh	15	0	15	180	110	75
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	240	120	120	70	35	35
French origins	20,465	10,330	10,135	1,160	520	635
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	120	60	60	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,385	10,295	10,090	1,155	520	635
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,830	905	925	3,240	1,570	1,670
Austrian	75	65	15	95	35	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	420	230	195	140	75	70
Dutch	195	100	95	365	180	180
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	995	450	545	2,740	1,330	1,405
Luxembourger	0	0	0	55	30	25
Swiss	215	115	105	65	25	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	95	40	55	1,855	1,055	805
Danish	25	0	20	280	110	170
Finnish	20	10	10	65	35	25
Icelandic	10	0	0	40	25	15
Norwegian	10	0	0	1,180	695	485
Swedish	30	0	15	445	235	210
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	10	0	45	30	0
Eastern European origins	720	355	370	1,300	640	660
Bulgarian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	20	35	25	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	25	65	45	10	35
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	285	155	125	340	135	205
Romanian	90	45	40	75	35	40
Russian	90	50	45	380	195	185
Slovak	20	0	20	25	15	10
Ukrainian	190	100	90	515	270	250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,830	900	930	110	35	75
Albanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	25	15	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	115	40	70	10	0	10
Italian	1,070	520	550	60	25	40
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	170	95	70	0	0	0
Serbian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	15	0	10	0	0
Spanish	365	180	185	35	15	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	125	60	65	20	20	10
Basque	10	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	85	35	50	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	335	185	155	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	120	40	80	0	0	0
Dominican	15	15	10	10	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	210	110	95	0	10	0
Jamaican	15	15	0	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,265	635	630	40	25	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	85	40	45	0	0	0
Colombian	640	280	365	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	125	80	40	0	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	30	15	20	0	0	0
Maya	40	15	25	0	0	0
Mexican	100	50	50	25	15	10
Nicaraguan	30	10	15	0	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	85	45	40	10	0	10
Salvadorean	55	40	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,135	545	585	20	15	10
Central and West African origins	485	230	250	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	285	115	175	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	10	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	90	50	45	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	445	230	215	0	0	0
Algerian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Berber	35	20	20	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	320	170	145	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	20	25	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	125	65	65	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	120	40	80	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	115	40	75	15	10	0
Asian origins	1,100	595	505	480	215	265
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	610	345	260	0	0	0
Afghan	165	85	80	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	115	60	60	0	0	0
Armenian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	20	10	10	0	10
Iraqi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	95	50	50	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	70	55	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	30	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	70	45	25	35	20	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	60	40	20	35	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	420	210	220	445	195	250
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	240	115	125	60	25	40
Filipino	25	15	10	325	145	185
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	25	0	55	15	40
Laotian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	40	70	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	40	25	10
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
Owner	23,455	...	...	3,345	...	...
Renter	15,370	...	...	790	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	38,825	...	...	4,185	...	...
Condominium	2,545	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	36,280	...	...	4,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
No bedrooms	145	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	5,100	...	...	290	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,260	...	...	910	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,680	...	...	1,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,645	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,810	...	...	605	...	...
5 rooms	7,215	...	...	590	...	...
6 rooms	4,645	...	...	690	...	...
7 rooms	4,695	...	...	565	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,460	...	...	1,735	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	38,825	...	...	4,185	...	...
One person or fewer per room	38,570	...	...	4,155	...	...
More than 1 person per room	255	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	38,825	...	...	4,185	...	...
Suitable	37,900	...	...	4,090	...	...
Not suitable	925	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	38,830	...	...	4,180	...	...
1960 or before	8,020	...	...	1,650	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,610	...	...	1,380	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,665	...	...	545	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,615	...	...	200	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,825	...	...	105	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,350	...	...	145	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,745	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	36,975	...	...	3,680	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,850	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	38,830	...	...	4,185	...	...
1 household maintainer	23,915	...	...	2,670	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,620	...	...	1,485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	290	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	38,825	...	...	4,180	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,325	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,860	...	...	495	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,140	...	...	515	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,450	...	...	690	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,430	...	...	975	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,495	...	...	715	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,215	...	...	405	...	...
85 years and over	910	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	38,440	...	...	3,255	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,505	...	...	2,820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,935	...	...	440	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,410	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,140	...	...	2,520	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.8	...	...	43.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.6	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	919	...	...	561	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	965	...	...	763	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,210	...	...	160,535	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	242,773	...	...	202,611	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,340	...	...	760	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.2	...	...	10.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.3	...	...	27.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	644	...	...	701	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	698	...	...	721	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	71,190	35,020	36,170	7,765	3,905	3,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,695	9,245	8,455	1,785	1,060	730
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,195	8,285	9,910	2,465	1,340	1,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,300	17,495	17,810	3,510	1,505	2,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,430	8,155	5,270	810	530	275
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,695	5,235	4,460	370	200	165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,730	2,920	810	440	335	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,205	4,695	6,510	1,390	410	980
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,130	865	1,270	365	160	200
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,535	3,775	4,755	950	400	545
Bachelor's degree	5,960	2,525	3,435	760	310	450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	655	265	390	55	25	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	290	185	110	35	25	10
Master's degree	1,460	720	735	85	35	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	165	80	85	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	46,085	22,945	23,140	4,880	2,460	2,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,000	4,595	3,405	685	475	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,250	5,310	5,940	1,635	900	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,835	13,040	13,800	2,560	1,080	1,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,380	6,085	4,295	590	400	190
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,660	3,935	3,725	260	155	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,720	2,150	570	330	250	85
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,210	3,480	4,720	1,050	290	755
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,370	545	825	200	100	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,880	2,925	3,955	725	290	440
Bachelor's degree	4,810	1,985	2,825	590	235	355
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	520	210	305	30	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	225	125	105	35	25	10
Master's degree	1,185	535	655	60	15	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	135	75	65	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	71,190	35,020	36,175	7,765	3,905	3,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	35,890	17,525	18,360	4,250	2,400	1,850
Education	3,060	725	2,330	435	105	320
13. Education	3,060	725	2,330	430	110	325
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,005	385	625	60	30	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	125	20	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	855	255	600	55	20	30
Humanities	1,505	550	960	105	55	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	15	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10	30	15	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,015	360	660	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	30	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	50	40	35	15	20
54. History	85	40	40	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	165	45	125	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,250	655	1,595	160	35	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	15	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	50	150	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	770	75	695	50	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	320	120	200	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	70	30	45	10	0	10
42. Psychology	385	100	285	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	475	270	210	50	25	25
Business, management and public administration	7,535	2,485	5,045	565	90	470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	295	70	220	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,225	2,410	4,815	490	80	410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	830	470	360	45	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	260	100	155	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	205	135	65	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	115	55	65	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	200	160	40	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	20	35	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	985	620	365	90	35	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	835	560	270	70	30	40
25. Library science	75	25	50	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	35	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,425	8,820	610	745	700	45
04. Architecture and related services	130	80	50	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,025	890	140	80	65	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,025	1,755	270	140	130	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,930	1,890	40	155	150	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,055	2,030	30	270	255	15
48. Precision production	2,250	2,175	80	105	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	840	515	325	365	280	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	715	430	285	325	255	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	75	40	40	20	20
Health and related fields	4,735	860	3,870	750	95	655
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	280	105	175	50	10	30
51. Health professions and related programs	4,410	720	3,685	700	80	620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	35	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,105	1,405	1,705	205	60	145
12. Personal and culinary services	1,995	385	1,610	140	35	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	435	390	45	45	20	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	675	625	45	20	0	10
Other	20	10	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	10	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	46,085	22,945	23,145	4,880	2,460	2,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,245	9,900	9,345	2,320	1,375	945
Education	1,940	430	1,515	270	60	210
13. Education	1,945	425	1,515	270	60	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	755	255	500	40	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	75	20	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	655	170	485	35	10	30
Humanities	895	335	560	65	35	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	90	10	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10	25	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	210	340	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	35	20	20	0	10
54. History	60	25	30	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	115	30	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,780	445	1,330	150	35	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	40	110	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	640	30	600	45	10	35
22. Legal professions and studies	250	90	160	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	10	35	10	0	10
42. Psychology	295	60	235	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	370	205	170	45	30	20
Business, management and public administration	5,950	1,865	4,085	435	55	380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	230	55	175	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,715	1,810	3,900	375	40	325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	530	310	215	45	20	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	80	125	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	65	25	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	130	35	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	20	30	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	850	540	310	80	25	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	735	495	240	65	25	40
25. Library science	60	15	45	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	25	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,220	6,710	510	560	535	30
04. Architecture and related services	115	65	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	870	755	120	65	55	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,655	1,415	245	115	110	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,425	1,400	25	105	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,455	1,440	15	200	190	0
48. Precision production	1,700	1,645	60	75	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	690	395	295	250	185	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	590	335	260	225	180	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	60	40	30	10	20
Health and related fields	3,700	660	3,040	490	65	425
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	225	85	145	35	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	3,440	560	2,880	455	50	400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,520	1,100	1,420	175	60	115
12. Personal and culinary services	1,630	295	1,335	120	30	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	350	300	45	35	15	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	540	500	40	20	10	15
Other	10	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	71,190	35,020	36,170	7,765	3,910	3,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,890	17,525	18,365	4,250	2,400	1,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	35,305	17,490	17,810	3,510	1,505	2,010
Location of study inside Canada	34,125	16,795	17,325	3,155	1,345	1,810
Same as province or territory of residence	33,550	16,455	17,095	1,985	885	1,100
Different than province or territory of residence	570	340	230	1,170	460	710
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,175	695	485	360	160	200
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	55	40	95	45	50
Philippines	10	0	10	150	65	85
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	15	0	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	10	0
France	270	200	70	0	0	0
Other	770	420	355	75	30	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	46,085	22,940	23,140	4,880	2,460	2,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,250	9,900	9,345	2,320	1,375	945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	26,835	13,040	13,795	2,560	1,085	1,475
Location of study inside Canada	25,900	12,510	13,390	2,280	965	1,315
Same as province or territory of residence	25,480	12,260	13,215	1,365	605	765
Different than province or territory of residence	420	250	175	910	355	550
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	935	525	405	280	120	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	75	35	40	75	30	45
Philippines	10	0	10	125	50	75
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	10	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	10	10	0
France	220	155	65	0	0	0
Other	620	330	290	55	20	35
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	71,190	35,020	36,170	7,765	3,910	3,855
In the labour force	44,740	23,290	21,450	5,610	3,050	2,555
Employed	42,000	21,630	20,365	5,375	2,905	2,475
Unemployed	2,740	1,655	1,085	230	150	85
Not in the labour force	26,455	11,730	14,720	2,155	855	1,305
Participation rate	62.8	66.5	59.3	72.2	78.0	66.3
Employment rate	59.0	61.8	56.3	69.2	74.3	64.2
Unemployment rate	6.1	7.1	5.1	4.1	4.9	3.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	71,190	35,015	36,175	7,765	3,905	3,860
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	24,240	10,540	13,705	1,720	670	1,050
Worked	46,945	24,480	22,470	6,045	3,240	2,805
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	22,745	12,630	10,115	3,210	1,900	1,310
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	24,195	11,845	12,355	2,830	1,335	1,495
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.1	42.6	43.8	44.5	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	44,740	23,290	21,450	5,610	3,050	2,560
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	810	465	345	40	20	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	43,930	22,820	21,110	5,570	3,035	2,535
Employee	38,665	19,770	18,900	3,555	1,735	1,820
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,265	3,055	2,210	2,015	1,295	720
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	44,740	23,285	21,450	5,610	3,050	2,555
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	805	465	345	40	20	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	43,930	22,820	21,110	5,570	3,030	2,535
0 Management occupations	3,955	2,540	1,420	1,700	1,170	530
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,855	1,590	4,265	550	95	460
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,465	1,935	535	145	100	45
3 Health occupations	2,980	465	2,510	335	50	285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,255	1,050	3,205	380	65	310
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	910	380	525	80	10	65
6 Sales and service occupations	10,540	4,215	6,330	795	220	575
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,105	6,695	405	725	655	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	875	725	145	680	510	175
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,990	3,230	1,760	180	160	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	44,735	23,290	21,450	5,605	3,050	2,555
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	810	465	345	35	20	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	43,930	22,825	21,105	5,570	3,035	2,535
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,205	810	395	1,890	1,305	580
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	35	10	320	300	25
22 Utilities	185	145	40	55	35	20
23 Construction	2,600	2,320	280	280	230	50
31-33 Manufacturing	10,110	6,995	3,120	195	150	50
41 Wholesale trade	2,120	1,480	640	130	90	45
44-45 Retail trade	5,620	2,485	3,140	445	185	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,280	1,005	275	150	105	45
51 Information and cultural industries	465	230	235	20	0	25
52 Finance and insurance	1,200	380	815	140	30	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	450	285	170	50	15	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,980	990	995	125	45	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	25	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,480	895	590	110	65	50
61 Educational services	2,715	675	2,040	310	80	230
62 Health care and social assistance	5,260	730	4,530	505	65	435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	880	440	435	140	70	70
72 Accommodation and food services	2,860	1,080	1,785	255	75	175
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,175	1,095	1,080	210	110	100
91 Public administration	1,260	735	530	245	90	155
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	41,995	21,630	20,370	5,375	2,900	2,475
Worked at home	2,785	1,270	1,510	1,710	1,070	645
Worked outside Canada	75	60	10	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	3,280	2,510	770	635	485	155
Worked at usual place	35,855	17,785	18,075	3,025	1,355	1,670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	35,855	17,785	18,075	3,025	1,350	1,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,050	8,585	10,460	1,635	745	890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,060	2,510	2,550	960	425	540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,685	6,645	5,040	360	155	210
Commute to a different province or territory	60	40	25	65	30	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	39,135	20,295	18,840	3,660	1,835	1,825
Car, truck, van - as a driver	34,520	18,195	16,330	3,045	1,590	1,455
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,645	730	915	80	40	40
Public transit	355	125	230	35	15	25
Walked	1,910	805	1,100	400	150	245
Bicycle	345	245	105	55	25	30
Other method	360	195	165	45	15	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	39,135	20,295	18,845	3,655	1,835	1,825
Less than 15 minutes	18,035	8,500	9,535	2,260	1,115	1,145
15 to 29 minutes	13,005	6,815	6,195	745	415	330
30 to 44 minutes	4,185	2,355	1,830	355	150	205
45 to 59 minutes	1,810	1,150	660	160	80	80
60 minutes and over	2,100	1,480	620	150	75	65
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	39,135	20,295	18,840	3,660	1,835	1,825
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,005	1,435	570	210	160	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,710	5,230	2,480	795	520	275
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,640	6,040	6,595	970	570	405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,460	2,425	4,040	1,005	385	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,100	1,095	2,005	395	110	290
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,215	4,065	3,145	280	90	195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	48,055	24,985	23,075	6,160	3,295	2,860
Single responses	46,470	24,075	22,390	6,150	3,295	2,860
Official languages	46,380	24,000	22,380	6,135	3,285	2,850
English	1,145	660	485	6,130	3,285	2,845
French	45,230	23,335	21,895	0	0	0
Non-official languages	90	80	10	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	90	80	10	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	80	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	70	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	75	70	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,590	910	680	0	0	0
English and French	1,510	875	640	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	25	0	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	25	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	48,060	24,985	23,070	6,160	3,295	2,865
None	36,975	18,940	18,040	6,075	3,265	2,810
English	9,940	5,430	4,510	0	0	0
French	845	495	350	0	0	10
Non-official language	200	75	125	80	35	45
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	205	80	125	60	30	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	84,925	42,015	42,915	9,300	4,665	4,640
Non-movers	73,930	36,690	37,240	8,255	4,125	4,135
Movers	10,995	5,325	5,675	1,045	535	505
Non-migrants	6,745	3,230	3,515	435	215	220
Migrants	4,255	2,090	2,165	610	320	285
Internal migrants	4,060	1,980	2,080	535	285	245
Intraprovincial migrants	3,975	1,930	2,045	345	190	160
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	40	185	100	80
External migrants	190	115	80	80	35	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	81,075	40,085	40,995	8,855	4,445	4,415
Non-movers	50,105	24,945	25,160	6,260	3,140	3,120
Movers	30,970	15,135	15,835	2,590	1,300	1,295
Non-migrants	18,485	8,910	9,575	960	495	465
Migrants	12,490	6,230	6,260	1,630	805	820
Internal migrants	11,640	5,785	5,855	1,320	645	670
Intraprovincial migrants	11,405	5,675	5,730	755	390	370
Interprovincial migrants	235	110	130	565	260	300
External migrants	850	445	400	310	155	155

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. La Haute-Yamaska, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 4, CDR [Census division], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Haute-Yamaska, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census La Haute-Yamaska, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Haute-Yamaska, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan