Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Quebec [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Hamilton, CDR Ontario [Census division]			Quebec [Province]
	Data quality , Hamilton, Census division [Census division], Ontario  Map : Hamilton, Census division [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Quebec [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	536,917	...	...	8,164,361	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	519,949	...	...	7,903,001	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	222,918	...	...	3,858,943	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	211,596	...	...	3,531,663	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	480.6	...	...	6.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,117.29	...	...	1,356,625.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	536,915	262,530	274,390	8,164,360	4,016,760	4,147,605
0 to 14 years	87,120	44,815	42,300	1,333,260	682,535	650,720
0 to 4 years	28,275	14,565	13,710	444,930	227,965	216,970
5 to 9 years	29,355	15,020	14,335	469,165	240,225	228,940
10 to 14 years	29,490	15,230	14,255	419,160	214,345	204,815
15 to 64 years	356,890	176,610	180,285	5,335,910	2,664,630	2,671,280
15 to 19 years	32,130	16,615	15,515	429,825	219,070	210,755
20 to 24 years	36,715	18,870	17,840	500,100	252,600	247,500
25 to 29 years	35,720	17,915	17,805	495,410	248,030	247,380
30 to 34 years	34,725	17,200	17,525	515,505	256,440	259,070
35 to 39 years	32,400	15,790	16,610	550,540	274,595	275,945
40 to 44 years	32,755	15,855	16,900	506,525	254,100	252,425
45 to 49 years	36,350	17,695	18,660	519,425	260,410	259,015
50 to 54 years	41,945	20,635	21,315	619,435	309,070	310,370
55 to 59 years	40,075	19,725	20,350	636,475	314,190	322,285
60 to 64 years	34,080	16,320	17,765	562,670	276,140	286,535
65 years and over	92,910	41,100	51,805	1,495,195	669,590	825,605
65 to 69 years	29,340	13,860	15,485	488,175	236,395	251,775
70 to 74 years	21,055	9,925	11,130	373,590	176,905	196,690
75 to 79 years	16,115	7,310	8,805	256,905	116,020	140,890
80 to 84 years	12,470	5,200	7,275	187,835	78,390	109,450
85 years and over	13,925	4,815	9,110	188,685	61,885	126,805
85 to 89 years	8,685	3,255	5,425	120,635	43,795	76,840
90 to 94 years	4,160	1,315	2,850	53,165	15,155	38,015
95 to 99 years	955	220	740	13,035	2,685	10,350
100 years and over	120	25	95	1,850	255	1,600
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	17.1	15.4	16.3	17.0	15.7
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.3	65.7	65.4	66.3	64.4
65 years and over	17.3	15.7	18.9	18.3	16.7	19.9
85 years and over	2.6	1.8	3.3	2.3	1.5	3.1
Average age of the population	41.3	40.1	42.4	41.9	40.9	42.9
Median age of the population	41.5	40.0	42.8	42.5	41.4	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	211,595	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Single-detached house	121,210	...	...	1,602,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	33,565	...	...	187,800	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	56,450	...	...	1,717,680	...	...
Semi-detached house	6,485	...	...	188,245	...	...
Row house	24,720	...	...	93,350	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,685	...	...	265,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	18,115	...	...	1,154,955	...	...
Other single-attached house	445	...	...	15,940	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	360	...	...	23,505	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	211,595	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 person	59,580	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
2 persons	68,030	...	...	1,227,765	...	...
3 persons	33,720	...	...	489,460	...	...
4 persons	30,960	...	...	426,250	...	...
5 or more persons	19,310	...	...	212,960	...	...
Number of persons in private households	527,930	...	...	7,965,455	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	449,800	217,715	232,090	6,831,105	3,334,220	3,496,885
Married or living common law	246,910	123,480	123,430	3,844,145	1,924,750	1,919,395
Married	208,700	104,380	104,325	2,342,980	1,172,720	1,170,260
Living common law	38,205	19,100	19,105	1,501,160	752,025	749,135
Not married and not living common law	202,890	94,230	108,660	2,986,960	1,409,475	1,577,490
Never married	131,065	70,925	60,145	2,010,580	1,084,300	926,280
Separated	14,680	6,225	8,455	103,625	46,390	57,240
Divorced	28,950	11,460	17,490	483,195	194,430	288,760
Widowed	28,200	5,630	22,570	389,555	84,345	305,210
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	149,355	...	...	2,257,560	...	...
2 persons	72,015	...	...	1,204,955	...	...
3 persons	33,455	...	...	466,310	...	...
4 persons	30,280	...	...	412,160	...	...
5 or more persons	13,610	...	...	174,140	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	149,355	...	...	2,257,560	...	...
Total couple families	120,720	...	...	1,878,095	...	...
Married couples	101,625	...	...	1,128,355	...	...
Common-law couples	19,090	...	...	749,740	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	28,635	...	...	379,460	...	...
Female parent	23,090	...	...	284,900	...	...
Male parent	5,550	...	...	94,565	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	120,715	...	...	1,878,095	...	...
Couples without children	54,750	...	...	970,260	...	...
Couples with children	65,965	...	...	907,840	...	...
1 child	25,315	...	...	356,640	...	...
2 children	27,885	...	...	384,875	...	...
3 or more children	12,765	...	...	166,315	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	28,635	...	...	379,465	...	...
1 child	17,260	...	...	234,695	...	...
2 children	8,140	...	...	109,670	...	...
3 or more children	3,235	...	...	35,100	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	89,250	42,230	47,020	1,579,070	775,765	803,305
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	211,595	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
One-census-family households	139,620	...	...	2,197,340	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	51,055	...	...	947,305	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	88,565	...	...	1,250,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	4,760	...	...	29,595	...	...
Non-census-family households	67,220	...	...	1,304,725	...	...
One-person households	59,575	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	7,640	...	...	129,500	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	530,630	259,740	270,895	8,066,560	3,977,275	4,089,285
English only	489,910	242,380	247,535	372,445	187,595	184,860
French only	380	160	220	4,032,640	1,874,545	2,158,095
English and French	30,530	13,275	17,250	3,586,410	1,884,135	1,702,275
Neither English nor French	9,820	3,930	5,890	75,065	31,000	44,060
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	530,630	259,745	270,890	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285
English	512,265	251,770	260,495	964,120	482,985	481,135
French	6,760	3,170	3,590	6,750,945	3,320,380	3,430,560
English and French	1,975	970	1,005	278,710	144,060	134,655
Neither English nor French	9,635	3,830	5,805	72,775	29,845	42,930
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,745	3,655	4,095	1,103,480	555,015	548,465
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.5	1.4	1.5	13.7	14.0	13.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	530,630	259,745	270,895	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285
Single responses	519,075	254,100	264,975	7,881,650	3,884,675	3,996,975
Official languages	396,540	195,590	200,945	6,820,815	3,366,970	3,453,845
English	389,870	192,485	197,390	601,155	301,860	299,300
French	6,670	3,105	3,560	6,219,665	3,065,115	3,154,550
Non-official languages	122,535	58,510	64,025	1,060,830	517,700	543,125
Aboriginal languages	70	40	35	45,570	22,530	23,040
Algonquian languages	35	20	20	33,140	16,365	16,770
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	31,430	15,575	15,855
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,715	4,155	4,555
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	590	285	305
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	135	55	80
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	35	15	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	15,790	7,920	7,875
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	485	225	260
Malecite	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	485	220	260
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	1,215	565	645
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,185	555	630
Ojibway	20	10	10	20	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	15	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	15	10	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	11,970	5,955	6,015
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	11,895	5,925	5,970
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	75	25	45
Iroquoian languages	25	15	10	375	165	210
Cayuga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	0	365	160	210
Oneida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	5	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	0	65	30	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	122,460	58,470	63,995	1,015,260	495,175	520,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,840	6,540	6,295	197,535	104,185	93,355
Berber languages	10	10	5	20,845	11,125	9,720
Kabyle	0	0	0	12,470	6,625	5,840
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	8,375	4,500	3,875
Cushitic languages	1,040	490	555	1,125	545	580
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	5
Oromo	45	25	20	15	10	5
Somali	995	465	530	1,075	515	560
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Semitic languages	11,735	6,020	5,715	175,215	92,310	82,900
Amharic	195	90	100	745	340	405
Arabic	8,585	4,465	4,125	169,890	89,590	80,300
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	2,225	1,090	1,135	150	80	70
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	215	115	105	15	10	5
Harari	5	0	0	0	5	5
Hebrew	145	85	65	3,885	2,040	1,845
Maltese	125	65	60	25	10	15
Tigrigna	130	60	70	385	185	205
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	110	60	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	355	200	155
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,985	1,865	2,120	36,305	17,030	19,275
Khmer (Cambodian)	810	375	440	8,855	4,105	4,750
Vietnamese	3,170	1,495	1,675	27,425	12,920	14,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	5,015	1,965	3,045	21,635	7,800	13,835
Bikol	25	10	15	115	35	80
Cebuano	190	80	110	885	270	610
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	40	10	25	410	125	275
Ilocano	300	125	175	2,060	745	1,315
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,250	590	660
Malay	110	40	75	705	265	440
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	30	15	15	205	90	110
Pangasinan	10	5	0	95	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,245	1,660	2,580	15,545	5,480	10,065
Waray-Waray	15	5	10	50	10	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	320	140	180
Creole languages	295	135	160	56,990	25,220	31,770
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	2,220	1,055	1,170
Creole, n.o.s.	170	80	90	53,785	23,675	30,110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	95	50	50	980	490	490
Dravidian languages	1,275	620	650	14,865	7,435	7,430
Kannada	50	25	25	240	130	110
Malayalam	655	320	340	440	235	205
Tamil	470	220	245	13,600	6,715	6,880
Telugu	100	55	40	570	345	230
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-European languages	83,865	40,170	43,695	553,045	269,625	283,420
Albanian	1,275	645	630	2,795	1,420	1,370
Armenian	270	135	135	16,430	7,970	8,460
Balto-Slavic languages	25,230	11,645	13,580	68,155	30,960	37,195
Baltic languages	690	280	405	850	335	515
Latvian	290	115	170	290	120	175
Lithuanian	405	165	235	555	215	340
Slavic languages	24,540	11,365	13,175	67,310	30,630	36,675
Belarusan	5	0	5	80	45	35
Bosnian	935	465	470	1,620	805	815
Bulgarian	135	60	75	6,985	3,385	3,600
Croatian	4,685	2,260	2,425	2,330	1,165	1,170
Czech	940	425	515	1,465	690	775
Macedonian	485	235	250	205	105	95
Polish	7,280	3,205	4,075	13,935	6,065	7,865
Russian	1,465	640	825	28,565	12,715	15,850
Serbian	5,465	2,735	2,735	3,140	1,590	1,545
Serbo-Croatian	380	180	200	1,805	865	940
Slovak	455	200	255	1,040	455	585
Slovene (Slovenian)	560	240	315	755	350	405
Ukrainian	1,650	660	990	5,210	2,285	2,920
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50	175	90	85
Celtic languages	35	15	25	155	95	60
Scottish Gaelic	20	5	15	20	15	10
Welsh	10	5	5	40	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	90	55	30
Germanic languages	7,025	3,135	3,890	27,540	13,280	14,260
Afrikaans	135	60	70	125	60	65
Danish	160	75	85	395	190	200
Dutch	2,665	1,215	1,450	2,825	1,395	1,430
Frisian	75	35	40	10	10	0
German	3,825	1,665	2,165	13,670	6,340	7,330
Icelandic	5	5	5	65	30	35
Norwegian	15	5	10	200	100	100
Swedish	50	25	25	555	255	300
Vlaams (Flemish)	60	25	30	540	240	300
Yiddish	30	20	10	8,985	4,560	4,420
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	175	100	75
Greek	1,605	830	765	38,635	19,435	19,205
Indo-Iranian languages	16,280	8,280	8,000	76,040	39,205	36,835
Indo-Aryan languages	12,445	6,350	6,095	45,845	23,875	21,970
Bengali	1,165	585	585	10,995	5,620	5,380
Gujarati	1,415	780	630	6,070	2,980	3,090
Hindi	960	520	440	3,030	1,635	1,390
Kashmiri	10	0	5	20	15	5
Konkani	50	25	30	110	60	55
Marathi	60	35	25	255	145	110
Nepali	180	100	80	1,505	740	765
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,580	2,325	2,255	12,380	6,720	5,660
Sindhi	95	45	50	330	160	165
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	235	110	120	645	310	330
Urdu	3,675	1,805	1,870	10,470	5,460	5,010
Iranian languages	3,780	1,895	1,885	29,760	15,105	14,655
Kurdish	1,035	545	495	985	550	430
Pashto	245	125	115	1,285	680	610
Persian (Farsi)	2,500	1,220	1,280	27,490	13,875	13,615
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	60	35	20	440	225	210
Italic (Romance) languages	32,150	15,485	16,665	323,290	157,260	166,030
Catalan	15	5	5	320	170	150
Italian	15,380	7,365	8,010	104,600	51,705	52,895
Portuguese	7,270	3,600	3,675	36,770	17,735	19,035
Romanian	1,730	830	905	35,840	17,170	18,665
Spanish	7,725	3,665	4,055	145,635	70,405	75,235
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	125	75	50
Japanese	265	85	185	2,525	775	1,750
Kartvelian languages	10	5	10	170	80	85
Georgian	10	5	5	170	80	90
Korean	1,380	640	740	5,160	2,270	2,890
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	190	75	115
Mongolian	0	0	0	195	80	115
Niger-Congo languages	1,365	620	745	28,355	14,360	13,995
Akan (Twi)	200	90	105	1,050	520	525
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,200	655	545
Edo	15	5	5	75	45	30
Ewe	30	10	20	730	400	325
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	5	2,055	1,080	970
Ga	25	15	10	80	40	40
Ganda	30	15	15	35	15	20
Igbo	65	30	30	120	70	50
Lingala	30	15	15	2,465	1,185	1,285
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	25	30	3,345	1,600	1,745
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	70	35	35	2,500	1,115	1,380
Shona	170	75	95	85	45	40
Swahili	310	140	175	3,010	1,460	1,545
Wolof	0	5	0	3,230	1,745	1,485
Yoruba	85	50	35	255	155	100
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	265	110	150	8,135	4,235	3,895
Nilo-Saharan languages	130	70	60	345	180	165
Dinka	15	5	5	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	115	60	60	335	170	165
Sign languages	115	55	60	1,330	700	630
American Sign Language	40	20	25	65	35	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	670	330	340
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	35	35	595	340	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,085	3,915	4,165	76,840	35,775	41,065
Chinese languages	7,750	3,745	4,010	76,490	35,600	40,895
Cantonese	2,775	1,325	1,450	24,375	11,505	12,875
Hakka	35	15	15	470	215	260
Mandarin	4,350	2,115	2,235	43,700	20,175	23,525
Min Dong	5	0	5	20	10	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	175	85	90	3,225	1,480	1,745
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	30	30	1,075	465	605
Chinese, n.o.s.	345	170	175	3,535	1,710	1,825
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	90	40	45
Tibeto-Burman languages	335	175	160	345	175	170
Burmese	70	30	30	80	30	50
Karenic languages	255	135	120	70	40	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	110	65	50
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	85	45	40
Tai-Kadai languages	485	225	260	4,895	2,185	2,710
Lao	305	155	150	4,115	1,995	2,120
Thai	185	75	105	765	180	585
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	680	350	330	7,980	4,095	3,880
Azerbaijani	35	15	20	290	160	130
Turkish	600	310	290	7,155	3,685	3,470
Uyghur	5	0	0	205	100	105
Uzbek	5	0	5	145	70	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	185	80	105
Uralic languages	2,605	1,170	1,445	6,400	2,985	3,410
Estonian	135	55	80	195	75	120
Finnish	80	40	45	360	125	240
Hungarian	2,390	1,070	1,320	5,835	2,790	3,045
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	685	385	300
Multiple responses	11,560	5,640	5,920	184,905	92,600	92,310
English and French	1,195	555	635	72,395	36,695	35,695
English and non-official language	9,745	4,785	4,960	27,485	13,545	13,945
French and non-official language	400	190	205	67,075	33,110	33,970
English, French and non-official language	220	105	120	17,950	9,245	8,705
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	530,630	259,745	270,890	8,066,560	3,977,270	4,089,285
Single responses	504,615	247,065	257,550	7,743,740	3,819,315	3,924,425
Official languages	446,760	219,590	227,175	7,157,850	3,536,165	3,621,685
English	444,465	218,535	225,930	782,185	391,125	391,060
French	2,300	1,055	1,245	6,375,665	3,145,040	3,230,625
Non-official languages	57,850	27,480	30,375	585,890	283,150	302,735
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	40,190	20,205	19,980
Algonquian languages	10	5	10	28,695	14,385	14,310
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	28,110	14,105	14,005
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	7,375	3,590	3,790
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	590	295	290
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	60	30	30
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	15	5	10
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	5	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	14,590	7,355	7,235
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	220	115	110
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	220	110	105
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	370	170	200
Algonquin	0	0	0	360	165	195
Ojibway	10	0	5	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	11,375	5,770	5,615
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	11,350	5,750	5,600
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	70	35	35
Cayuga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	5	70	35	30
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	35	10	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	57,830	27,465	30,365	545,695	262,940	282,755
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,810	3,880	3,930	91,660	46,550	45,110
Berber languages	10	10	0	7,495	3,895	3,605
Kabyle	0	0	0	5,105	2,660	2,450
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	2,390	1,235	1,150
Cushitic languages	700	325	380	535	240	295
Bilen	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oromo	35	15	15	5	0	0
Somali	670	305	360	520	230	290
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages	7,065	3,535	3,535	83,520	42,365	41,160
Amharic	60	30	30	340	150	185
Arabic	5,210	2,605	2,605	81,105	41,150	39,955
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	1,435	715	715	95	50	45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	145	75	70	10	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hebrew	70	30	40	1,705	880	825
Maltese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	65	35	30	205	95	105
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	60	25	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	105	50	55
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,565	1,200	1,365	24,980	11,675	13,305
Khmer (Cambodian)	460	200	255	5,180	2,370	2,805
Vietnamese	2,105	1,000	1,105	19,790	9,295	10,495
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10
Austronesian languages	2,165	965	1,200	9,715	3,960	5,750
Bikol	5	5	0	15	5	10
Cebuano	80	40	40	230	100	125
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	130	55	75
Ilocano	135	60	75	740	305	435
Malagasy	0	0	0	360	185	170
Malay	25	20	10	175	85	95
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	5	60	30	30
Pangasinan	0	5	5	10	5	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,895	835	1,060	7,905	3,150	4,760
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	75	35	35
Creole languages	105	40	65	20,705	8,780	11,925
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	855	380	475
Creole, n.o.s.	65	25	40	19,405	8,200	11,210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	440	200	240
Dravidian languages	640	300	340	11,400	5,595	5,805
Kannada	5	5	5	150	85	65
Malayalam	325	155	175	200	100	100
Tamil	255	115	140	10,720	5,215	5,500
Telugu	55	30	25	330	190	135
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-European languages	35,775	16,835	18,940	303,215	146,100	157,115
Albanian	685	325	355	1,615	795	820
Armenian	100	45	55	11,990	5,680	6,310
Balto-Slavic languages	10,895	5,140	5,750	40,405	19,085	21,325
Baltic languages	180	65	110	190	80	105
Latvian	85	30	55	75	40	40
Lithuanian	100	40	60	115	40	70
Slavic languages	10,715	5,070	5,645	40,220	19,000	21,220
Belarusan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Bosnian	510	255	260	965	475	495
Bulgarian	40	15	25	5,125	2,495	2,630
Croatian	1,875	880	995	1,015	475	545
Czech	455	215	235	460	220	240
Macedonian	190	85	100	130	65	65
Polish	3,050	1,385	1,665	5,970	2,695	3,270
Russian	800	380	420	20,680	9,775	10,900
Serbian	2,945	1,455	1,485	2,010	1,020	990
Serbo-Croatian	155	80	75	960	470	490
Slovak	95	45	50	245	120	130
Slovene (Slovenian)	155	70	85	225	95	135
Ukrainian	410	180	230	2,365	1,060	1,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	40	15	25
Celtic languages	5	0	0	30	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	5	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	5
Germanic languages	620	290	330	9,890	4,980	4,905
Afrikaans	65	35	30	15	10	10
Danish	5	0	0	50	25	25
Dutch	110	55	50	375	170	205
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	435	195	245	2,550	1,190	1,365
Icelandic	0	0	0	30	15	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Swedish	5	5	0	105	50	60
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	70	35	40
Yiddish	0	0	0	6,665	3,485	3,180
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	620	295	320	18,545	8,865	9,680
Indo-Iranian languages	9,870	4,910	4,960	53,555	26,845	26,710
Indo-Aryan languages	7,685	3,850	3,835	31,575	15,985	15,585
Bengali	750	365	385	8,180	4,055	4,125
Gujarati	820	435	380	3,840	1,860	1,985
Hindi	455	255	200	1,535	790	745
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	15	5	5	30	15	15
Marathi	15	10	10	80	40	40
Nepali	170	85	75	1,355	655	700
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,065	1,535	1,535	8,840	4,690	4,155
Sindhi	50	25	25	135	65	75
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	130	65	65	365	185	180
Urdu	2,215	1,070	1,150	7,180	3,620	3,565
Iranian languages	2,140	1,030	1,110	21,745	10,740	11,010
Kurdish	560	280	280	510	280	235
Pashto	135	60	70	925	460	465
Persian (Farsi)	1,445	690	760	20,310	10,005	10,305
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	235	120	120
Italic (Romance) languages	12,990	5,820	7,165	167,190	79,835	87,355
Catalan	5	0	5	110	50	60
Italian	4,845	1,975	2,875	32,935	14,595	18,340
Portuguese	3,075	1,465	1,615	17,260	8,250	9,005
Romanian	825	395	430	24,520	12,000	12,525
Spanish	4,225	1,990	2,240	92,330	44,920	47,415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	35	20	15
Japanese	75	30	45	1,050	425	620
Kartvelian languages	10	5	5	70	35	35
Georgian	10	5	5	70	40	35
Korean	935	435	495	3,540	1,630	1,910
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Mongolian	0	0	0	145	70	75
Niger-Congo languages	495	215	280	7,250	3,450	3,800
Akan (Twi)	70	35	35	445	215	235
Bamanankan	0	0	0	265	135	125
Edo	5	0	0	10	5	5
Ewe	5	0	5	140	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	530	255	280
Ga	10	5	5	15	5	10
Ganda	5	5	0	5	5	5
Igbo	20	5	10	15	10	10
Lingala	25	10	10	625	270	355
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	15	10	1,110	510	600
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	530	225	305
Shona	70	25	45	20	10	10
Swahili	170	75	95	1,100	535	565
Wolof	0	0	0	1,035	555	480
Yoruba	20	10	10	55	25	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	15	30	1,350	635	710
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	20	25	135	70	65
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	130	65	65
Sign languages	195	105	85	1,770	1,000	775
American Sign Language	60	30	30	90	35	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	700	360	340
Sign languages, n.i.e	140	80	55	985	600	385
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,555	2,740	2,815	60,370	28,925	31,450
Chinese languages	5,305	2,605	2,690	60,155	28,805	31,345
Cantonese	1,770	835	940	17,845	8,470	9,375
Hakka	20	5	15	155	75	80
Mandarin	3,150	1,585	1,565	37,075	17,870	19,200
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	80	45	35	1,830	830	1,000
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	20	15	780	355	420
Chinese, n.o.s.	235	115	120	2,435	1,190	1,240
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	255	130	120	215	115	100
Burmese	50	20	30	35	15	20
Karenic languages	195	105	90	65	40	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	70	45	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	40	20	20
Tai-Kadai languages	280	145	135	2,375	1,145	1,230
Lao	175	90	85	2,150	1,055	1,100
Thai	110	55	50	225	90	135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	350	175	175	5,120	2,540	2,575
Azerbaijani	5	5	5	100	50	55
Turkish	330	165	165	4,715	2,340	2,370
Uyghur	0	0	0	140	75	70
Uzbek	0	0	0	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	65	30	35
Uralic languages	815	360	450	2,025	895	1,130
Estonian	20	10	15	30	10	20
Finnish	5	0	0	50	20	30
Hungarian	790	350	435	1,945	860	1,085
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	150	90	60
Multiple responses	26,020	12,680	13,340	322,820	157,960	164,860
English and French	815	390	425	86,715	43,820	42,890
English and non-official language	24,605	12,015	12,595	54,400	26,255	28,140
French and non-official language	160	80	80	139,385	66,610	72,775
English, French and non-official language	440	200	240	42,320	21,270	21,045
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	530,630	259,745	270,895	8,066,555	3,977,275	4,089,285
None	462,505	227,295	235,205	6,825,240	3,356,340	3,468,900
English	24,665	12,100	12,565	513,410	263,670	249,735
French	4,170	1,740	2,425	320,370	158,340	162,030
Non-official language	38,255	18,110	20,150	317,790	154,450	163,340
Aboriginal	100	50	50	5,700	2,645	3,060
Non-Aboriginal	38,160	18,060	20,100	312,085	151,810	160,280
English and French	185	80	105	36,235	18,285	17,955
English and non-official language	440	230	215	28,630	14,075	14,555
French and non-official language	410	185	230	23,470	11,365	12,095
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	1,420	740	680
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	441,060	214,055	227,005	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	422,255	204,960	217,290	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,917	39,174	28,056	32,975	37,842	28,522
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	422,350	204,975	217,380	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,175	35,276	26,142	29,535	33,110	26,119
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	371,370	184,245	187,125	5,685,690	2,866,470	2,819,220
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,674	38,568	25,865	30,067	35,597	25,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	311,410	139,555	171,855	4,973,245	2,300,800	2,672,445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,375	3,136	6,497	7,307	5,851	8,246
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	306,895	159,370	147,530	4,627,795	2,408,420	2,219,370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,209	38,437	28,993	31,263	35,627	27,219
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	441,055	214,025	227,030	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	422,435	204,875	217,560	6,417,010	3,159,415	3,257,595
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,966	51,255	37,103	42,546	49,087	36,203
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	422,530	204,890	217,640	6,418,440	3,159,550	3,258,890
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,820	41,918	32,021	34,887	39,292	30,616
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	371,340	184,045	187,295	5,685,905	2,866,415	2,819,485
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,381	51,495	35,408	40,505	47,810	33,079
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	311,000	139,420	171,580	4,972,650	2,299,595	2,673,050
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,922	7,339	8,396	8,590	7,846	9,229
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	306,895	159,335	147,560	4,627,775	2,408,655	2,219,120
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,099	48,918	36,815	40,382	45,974	34,313
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	441,055	214,025	227,030	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	145,570	81,005	64,565	2,036,965	1,114,940	922,025
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,880	59,430	48,308	47,111	51,622	42,433
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	62,903	69,433	54,710	56,564	62,750	49,085
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	86.7	90.2	82.2	84.4	88.3	79.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	71.5	74.9	67.0	68.4	71.4	64.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	13.3	9.8	17.8	15.6	11.7	20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	441,055	214,050	227,005	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,140
Without total income	18,805	9,085	9,715	216,685	99,555	117,125
With total income	422,255	204,965	217,290	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.8	95.7	96.7	96.9	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60,820	27,315	33,505	789,595	351,935	437,660
$10,000 to $19,999	74,260	29,650	44,605	1,188,135	476,630	711,500
$20,000 to $29,999	61,205	24,885	36,320	976,210	428,390	547,830
$30,000 to $39,999	48,720	22,500	26,220	852,735	414,105	438,625
$40,000 to $49,999	42,875	20,780	22,100	747,995	378,215	369,780
$50,000 to $59,999	33,395	17,370	16,020	540,265	292,110	248,150
$60,000 to $69,999	25,570	14,430	11,140	375,935	214,805	161,130
$70,000 to $79,999	18,815	11,295	7,520	286,025	164,240	121,790
$80,000 to $89,999	14,545	8,885	5,670	189,350	113,715	75,635
$90,000 to $99,999	12,635	7,210	5,420	122,750	80,090	42,660
$100,000 and over	29,410	20,630	8,780	348,620	246,360	102,255
$100,000 to $149,999	20,320	13,880	6,445	236,515	164,145	72,370
$150,000 and over	9,090	6,755	2,340	112,105	82,215	29,885
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	441,055	214,050	227,005	6,634,295	3,260,150	3,374,140
Without after-tax income	18,705	9,080	9,630	215,120	99,375	115,750
With after-tax income	422,350	204,975	217,380	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,395
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.8	95.8	96.8	97.0	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	62,345	27,690	34,650	822,725	359,045	463,675
$10,000 to $19,999	77,455	30,970	46,485	1,246,480	505,165	741,315
$20,000 to $29,999	70,345	29,300	41,040	1,192,885	541,080	651,810
$30,000 to $39,999	58,740	27,835	30,910	1,096,510	553,200	543,315
$40,000 to $49,999	48,405	24,765	23,645	793,150	425,040	368,115
$50,000 to $59,999	34,165	19,270	14,890	498,475	283,130	215,345
$60,000 to $69,999	23,455	14,205	9,250	309,415	180,470	128,945
$70,000 to $79,999	17,960	10,595	7,365	167,895	108,500	59,395
$80,000 and over	29,475	20,335	9,140	291,635	205,155	86,485
$80,000 to $89,999	10,665	6,785	3,875	95,010	64,670	30,335
$90,000 to $99,999	5,625	3,945	1,680	55,980	39,080	16,905
$100,000 and over	13,185	9,600	3,590	140,645	101,405	39,240
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	441,055	214,055	227,005	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145
Without employment income	134,160	54,680	79,475	2,006,505	851,730	1,154,775
With employment income	306,895	159,365	147,525	4,627,790	2,408,420	2,219,375
Percentage with employment income	69.6	74.5	65.0	69.8	73.9	65.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45,475	24,615	20,860	606,300	311,780	294,520
$5,000 to $9,999	24,535	10,965	13,570	367,030	162,150	204,885
$10,000 to $19,999	40,530	17,955	22,580	681,920	305,995	375,920
$20,000 to $29,999	33,030	14,600	18,430	586,140	269,950	316,195
$30,000 to $39,999	30,885	13,735	17,145	565,425	277,135	288,285
$40,000 to $49,999	28,585	13,665	14,925	476,665	247,105	229,560
$50,000 to $59,999	24,500	13,110	11,390	359,180	203,580	155,600
$60,000 to $69,999	18,835	11,040	7,800	266,650	156,255	110,395
$70,000 to $79,999	14,640	9,060	5,575	224,040	129,890	94,150
$80,000 and over	45,885	30,615	15,265	494,440	344,585	149,855
$80,000 to $89,999	11,885	7,345	4,540	139,830	90,295	49,540
$90,000 to $99,999	11,140	6,320	4,820	93,860	64,160	29,700
$100,000 and over	22,860	16,950	5,905	260,745	190,125	70,620
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	211,595	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,024	...	...	59,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,168	...	...	52,207	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	59,575	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,153	...	...	31,574	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,294	...	...	28,469	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	152,020	...	...	2,356,430	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,222	...	...	78,645	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,378	...	...	67,665	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	211,595	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,775	...	...	77,306	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,524	...	...	63,404	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	59,535	...	...	1,174,695	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,475	...	...	40,042	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,039	...	...	33,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	152,060	...	...	2,356,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,511	...	...	95,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,201	...	...	78,426	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	211,595	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Under $5,000	3,110	...	...	47,170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,865	...	...	56,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,590	...	...	119,570	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,445	...	...	180,865	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	9,765	...	...	179,690	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	8,765	...	...	154,150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	8,930	...	...	185,000	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,460	...	...	184,435	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,145	...	...	179,855	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	8,745	...	...	170,445	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	16,580	...	...	313,600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,835	...	...	273,620	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	13,300	...	...	241,940	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	12,365	...	...	208,620	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	11,390	...	...	176,355	...	...
$100,000 and over	67,320	...	...	860,030	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	22,110	...	...	327,435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15,255	...	...	204,105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	17,105	...	...	192,155	...	...
$200,000 and over	12,855	...	...	136,335	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	211,600	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Under $5,000	3,265	...	...	50,445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,935	...	...	57,335	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,675	...	...	120,860	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,785	...	...	190,300	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10,870	...	...	202,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	9,745	...	...	187,365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10,335	...	...	231,765	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10,920	...	...	225,695	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10,750	...	...	211,990	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10,325	...	...	202,760	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	19,140	...	...	363,775	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	16,900	...	...	309,825	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15,590	...	...	256,150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	13,640	...	...	208,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	11,590	...	...	166,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	50,140	...	...	545,440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20,900	...	...	269,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	12,690	...	...	130,225	...	...
$150,000 and over	16,545	...	...	146,045	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	146,680	...	...	2,261,890	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,506	...	...	79,378	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,524	...	...	68,152	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	49,660	...	...	930,195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,534	...	...	70,075	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,175	...	...	60,224	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	66,375	...	...	911,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,867	...	...	105,246	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,603	...	...	88,844	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	26,385	...	...	364,085	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,546	...	...	52,708	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,903	...	...	47,805	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	146,805	...	...	2,262,045	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,908	...	...	96,863	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,381	...	...	79,060	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	49,700	...	...	929,645	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,059	...	...	86,304	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,825	...	...	70,167	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	66,505	...	...	912,560	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,511	...	...	122,835	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,794	...	...	99,279	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	26,325	...	...	363,610	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,514	...	...	61,753	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,084	...	...	53,052	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	77,185	37,395	39,790	1,433,210	711,180	722,030
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,985	31,606	28,738	29,195	31,526	27,210
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,742	28,856	26,908	26,706	28,214	25,434
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	76,925	37,110	39,815	1,430,625	708,225	722,405
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,322	40,905	37,847	37,684	39,840	35,571
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	33,571	34,253	32,936	31,513	32,729	30,321
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	527,930	258,705	269,220	7,965,455	3,941,475	4,023,970
In the bottom half of the distribution	260,965	124,270	136,695	4,577,885	2,216,770	2,361,115
In the bottom decile	55,735	27,035	28,695	747,785	368,385	379,395
In the second decile	52,775	23,585	29,185	898,605	408,705	489,900
In the third decile	50,855	23,990	26,865	997,185	481,975	515,210
In the fourth decile	50,490	24,340	26,150	996,230	490,275	505,960
In the fifth decile	51,120	25,320	25,795	938,080	467,425	470,655
In the top half of the distribution	266,970	134,440	132,530	3,387,565	1,724,710	1,662,855
In the sixth decile	52,120	25,900	26,225	881,640	444,865	436,775
In the seventh decile	54,610	27,350	27,265	806,685	409,470	397,220
In the eighth decile	55,585	27,975	27,605	700,450	357,000	343,455
In the ninth decile	56,995	28,840	28,155	557,160	286,195	270,960
In the top decile	47,650	24,375	23,275	441,630	227,185	214,445
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	527,930	258,710	269,220	7,921,505	3,919,560	4,001,945
0 to 17 years	105,455	54,260	51,200	1,564,410	800,455	763,960
0 to 5 years	33,960	17,450	16,505	532,410	272,790	259,625
18 to 64 years	335,610	165,255	170,355	5,021,875	2,498,900	2,522,980
65 years and over	86,870	39,195	47,670	1,335,220	620,210	715,010
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80,915	37,510	43,405	1,160,190	542,405	617,785
0 to 17 years	22,180	11,295	10,885	222,955	114,410	108,540
0 to 5 years	7,755	3,925	3,835	75,270	38,595	36,670
18 to 64 years	48,625	22,665	25,960	688,130	334,825	353,305
65 years and over	10,110	3,560	6,555	249,110	93,170	155,930
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.5	16.1	14.6	13.8	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	21.0	20.8	21.3	14.3	14.3	14.2
0 to 5 years (%)	22.8	22.5	23.2	14.1	14.1	14.1
18 to 64 years (%)	14.5	13.7	15.2	13.7	13.4	14.0
65 years and over (%)	11.6	9.1	13.8	18.7	15.0	21.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	64,745	30,875	33,865	731,340	358,085	373,260
0 to 17 years	16,530	8,415	8,115	129,325	66,400	62,925
0 to 5 years	5,885	2,980	2,905	44,375	22,705	21,675
18 to 64 years	41,740	20,240	21,500	514,540	261,485	253,060
65 years and over	6,470	2,220	4,250	87,475	30,205	57,270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.3	11.9	12.6	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	15.7	15.5	15.8	8.3	8.3	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	17.3	17.1	17.6	8.3	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	12.2	12.6	10.2	10.5	10.0
65 years and over (%)	7.4	5.7	8.9	6.6	4.9	8.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	527,935	258,710	269,220	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Official languages	518,185	254,795	263,395	7,891,110	3,911,220	3,979,890
English	517,735	254,565	263,170	3,930,690	2,058,470	1,872,225
French	30,835	13,600	17,230	7,522,350	3,725,145	3,797,200
Non-official languages	151,090	72,345	78,745	1,610,980	776,265	834,720
Aboriginal languages	225	110	115	50,890	25,190	25,700
Algonquian languages	95	55	40	37,515	18,545	18,965
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	0	15	34,415	17,050	17,370
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	9,850	4,735	5,115
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	775	385	385
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	260	130	130
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	35	25	10
Swampy Cree	10	10	10	15	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	10	17,175	8,600	8,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	885	460	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	10	0	880	460	425
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	35	25	2,340	1,105	1,235
Algonquin	0	0	0	2,240	1,055	1,185
Ojibway	55	35	25	105	50	50
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	10
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	12,595	6,270	6,330
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	12,485	6,210	6,270
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	60	60
Iroquoian languages	115	55	55	740	360	375
Cayuga	40	20	25	0	0	0
Mohawk	95	50	45	690	350	335
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	35
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	10	30	15	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Non-Aboriginal languages	150,870	72,240	78,630	1,560,375	751,215	809,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	16,105	8,285	7,815	301,035	157,545	143,490
Berber languages	15	10	10	27,595	14,650	12,945
Kabyle	0	0	0	16,170	8,580	7,590
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	11,580	6,150	5,425
Cushitic languages	1,185	485	700	1,550	745	805
Bilen	0	0	0	35	20	10
Oromo	85	35	50	45	30	10
Somali	1,100	455	650	1,460	680	780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages	14,980	7,830	7,155	286,625	149,970	136,660
Amharic	265	140	125	1,145	540	600
Arabic	12,060	6,295	5,765	267,965	140,280	127,685
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	2,815	1,420	1,400	195	95	95
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	315	160	150	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	500	280	220	18,035	9,490	8,540
Maltese	235	120	115	40	10	25
Tigrigna	140	65	75	420	195	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	180	85	95
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	810	430	380
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,585	2,150	2,440	46,050	21,955	24,095
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,010	440	570	11,840	5,620	6,220
Vietnamese	3,605	1,725	1,885	34,580	16,520	18,060
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Austronesian languages	6,540	2,605	3,935	31,230	11,820	19,410
Bikol	25	10	10	105	45	60
Cebuano	190	60	135	1,105	360	750
Fijian	25	15	10	15	0	10
Hiligaynon	55	20	40	540	195	350
Ilocano	455	180	275	2,500	890	1,610
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,980	940	1,040
Malay	225	105	115	1,210	525	690
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	40	10	30	195	95	100
Pangasinan	15	0	10	60	20	40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,075	2,405	3,670	26,705	9,785	16,915
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	55	10	45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	65	20	45	540	270	275
Creole languages	695	330	365	115,445	51,970	63,475
Haitian Creole	75	25	50	4,910	2,285	2,620
Creole, n.o.s.	250	130	125	108,315	48,615	59,705
Creole languages, n.i.e.	365	175	190	2,835	1,390	1,445
Dravidian languages	1,615	770	845	18,710	9,495	9,210
Kannada	55	35	20	415	210	205
Malayalam	820	385	440	510	285	220
Tamil	695	330	365	17,245	8,680	8,565
Telugu	155	90	65	930	540	390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Indo-European languages	104,685	50,195	54,490	912,945	435,785	477,155
Albanian	1,575	785	785	3,375	1,730	1,645
Armenian	395	195	200	20,290	9,790	10,500
Balto-Slavic languages	29,495	13,875	15,620	88,425	41,725	46,700
Baltic languages	830	350	475	1,080	500	585
Latvian	365	155	205	335	150	185
Lithuanian	460	195	270	755	350	410
Slavic languages	28,720	13,550	15,170	87,520	41,315	46,205
Belarusan	30	0	25	365	150	215
Bosnian	1,290	670	625	1,975	990	985
Bulgarian	105	40	70	7,345	3,595	3,750
Croatian	6,780	3,310	3,470	3,580	1,760	1,820
Czech	1,290	590	700	2,070	975	1,095
Macedonian	730	320	410	285	140	145
Polish	8,610	3,840	4,770	17,760	8,090	9,665
Russian	2,450	1,180	1,275	46,665	22,265	24,400
Serbian	6,280	3,180	3,100	4,050	1,980	2,070
Serbo-Croatian	385	190	195	2,385	1,140	1,245
Slovak	530	255	275	1,520	705	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	675	285	395	970	490	480
Ukrainian	2,100	855	1,250	9,015	3,885	5,135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	185	115	70	150	75	75
Celtic languages	130	55	75	495	305	195
Scottish Gaelic	55	25	25	155	95	65
Welsh	30	10	15	85	45	40
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	265	175	95
Germanic languages	9,610	4,285	5,325	63,370	31,835	31,530
Afrikaans	290	130	160	415	260	150
Danish	220	85	140	835	410	420
Dutch	3,055	1,415	1,640	5,060	2,665	2,395
Frisian	110	60	50	15	10	0
German	5,940	2,630	3,305	43,475	21,950	21,530
Icelandic	0	0	0	140	80	60
Norwegian	40	15	20	510	255	255
Swedish	160	70	85	1,580	785	795
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	30	20	760	265	495
Yiddish	60	20	40	12,375	6,225	6,155
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	270	125	140
Greek	2,205	1,170	1,030	51,060	25,520	25,540
Indo-Iranian languages	20,460	10,285	10,175	93,655	48,040	45,615
Indo-Aryan languages	16,275	8,195	8,080	59,570	30,870	28,700
Bengali	1,580	780	795	12,870	6,610	6,260
Gujarati	1,750	930	825	7,950	3,860	4,090
Hindi	4,415	2,240	2,170	15,570	8,285	7,280
Kashmiri	10	0	0	45	35	15
Konkani	80	30	50	150	70	75
Marathi	125	80	45	475	240	230
Nepali	205	115	95	1,445	725	720
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	55	35	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,640	3,405	3,235	17,860	9,690	8,165
Sindhi	215	100	110	500	240	255
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	295	150	145	1,335	625	710
Urdu	5,555	2,750	2,815	16,545	8,655	7,890
Iranian languages	4,395	2,185	2,210	35,420	17,830	17,585
Kurdish	1,550	795	755	1,255	665	590
Pashto	360	200	160	1,825	1,005	825
Persian (Farsi)	2,690	1,310	1,385	32,965	16,560	16,405
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	135	75	65	845	425	420
Italic (Romance) languages	43,090	20,605	22,485	627,545	293,620	333,920
Catalan	15	10	0	890	525	365
Italian	20,665	9,860	10,805	173,710	84,430	89,275
Portuguese	9,260	4,620	4,645	55,100	27,620	27,475
Romanian	1,985	935	1,050	42,655	20,550	22,110
Spanish	12,355	5,750	6,605	390,355	177,610	212,745
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	80	55	20	490	345	145
Japanese	650	325	325	7,040	3,340	3,695
Kartvelian languages	0	10	0	220	110	110
Georgian	10	0	0	215	105	110
Korean	1,720	770	950	6,260	2,825	3,430
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	270	135	130
Mongolian	0	0	0	265	135	130
Niger-Congo languages	2,675	1,265	1,410	52,840	26,665	26,175
Akan (Twi)	405	200	205	1,800	945	855
Bamanankan	0	0	0	2,385	1,240	1,145
Edo	30	0	25	190	95	95
Ewe	45	10	30	1,410	865	545
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	0	20	3,400	1,785	1,620
Ga	45	15	25	315	155	160
Ganda	50	25	25	90	40	55
Igbo	190	130	60	275	190	90
Lingala	335	150	180	9,630	4,430	5,200
Rundi (Kirundi)	65	25	35	4,490	2,210	2,285
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	195	85	105	3,535	1,640	1,895
Shona	340	145	195	150	75	80
Swahili	690	320	370	8,015	4,080	3,935
Wolof	15	10	15	6,555	3,545	3,015
Yoruba	205	105	100	885	485	395
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	455	210	245	17,720	9,125	8,595
Nilo-Saharan languages	250	125	125	695	345	350
Dinka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	230	110	115	695	345	350
Sign languages	810	360	455	7,775	3,095	4,675
American Sign Language	375	120	250	675	245	435
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,405	1,590	2,815
Sign languages, n.i.e.	445	230	215	2,960	1,350	1,605
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,945	4,345	4,600	90,460	42,695	47,770
Chinese languages	8,550	4,130	4,420	90,060	42,480	47,580
Cantonese	3,430	1,630	1,800	31,885	14,900	16,980
Hakka	55	20	30	545	240	310
Mandarin	5,345	2,600	2,745	59,240	27,560	31,685
Min Dong	20	10	10	15	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	240	100	140	4,215	1,860	2,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	125	60	70	1,230	535	690
Chinese, n.o.s.	370	180	190	4,800	2,380	2,425
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	90	40	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	400	215	185	430	235	195
Burmese	65	35	25	140	75	60
Karenic languages	365	190	175	105	55	45
Tibetan	0	0	0	65	50	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	65	80
Tai-Kadai languages	775	375	395	7,280	3,400	3,880
Lao	520	245	270	5,785	2,850	2,935
Thai	355	170	185	2,255	875	1,375
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkic languages	945	470	475	12,475	6,265	6,210
Azerbaijani	50	20	30	510	275	235
Turkish	875	435	435	11,415	5,755	5,665
Uyghur	15	10	10	230	110	120
Uzbek	0	0	0	230	105	125
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	235	115	120
Uralic languages	2,945	1,350	1,600	7,870	3,710	4,160
Estonian	175	80	90	150	55	95
Finnish	55	30	30	500	195	305
Hungarian	2,720	1,240	1,475	7,215	3,450	3,765
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	230	140	90	2,140	1,170	970
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	527,930	258,710	269,225	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	497,485	244,095	253,395	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	100,605	51,815	48,795	1,521,230	779,620	741,610
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	396,880	192,280	204,600	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	30,445	14,615	15,830	379,910	188,245	191,665
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	527,935	258,710	269,220	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	391,335	193,905	197,430	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	130,365	61,490	68,875	1,091,310	530,325	560,980
Before 1981	50,630	23,640	26,985	238,655	117,080	121,575
1981 to 1990	16,570	8,115	8,450	127,340	63,150	64,190
1991 to 2000	23,695	11,370	12,330	187,860	89,210	98,650
2001 to 2010	26,325	12,075	14,250	322,280	155,785	166,495
2001 to 2005	12,915	5,880	7,040	140,170	67,835	72,335
2006 to 2010	13,410	6,195	7,220	182,115	87,945	94,165
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	13,150	6,295	6,855	215,170	105,105	110,065
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	6,225	3,310	2,920	86,065	45,765	40,295
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	130,365	61,495	68,875	1,091,305	530,325	560,980
Under 5 years	14,645	7,225	7,420	112,930	54,600	58,330
5 to 14 years	26,920	13,600	13,325	174,020	87,165	86,855
15 to 24 years	31,680	14,125	17,555	215,350	98,880	116,475
25 to 44 years	48,435	22,665	25,760	515,770	256,095	259,675
45 years and over	8,695	3,880	4,810	73,230	33,590	39,640
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	130,370	61,495	68,875	1,091,305	530,330	560,980
Americas	17,010	7,520	9,490	247,505	113,190	134,315
Brazil	330	145	180	7,345	3,515	3,830
Colombia	1,400	640	755	25,580	11,645	13,935
El Salvador	1,600	775	825	11,120	5,500	5,615
Guyana	1,230	515	715	2,490	1,085	1,410
Haiti	210	100	105	80,965	35,375	45,585
Jamaica	2,780	1,250	1,525	4,665	2,040	2,625
Mexico	600	285	310	15,820	7,090	8,730
Peru	225	110	120	13,265	5,945	7,325
Trinidad and Tobago	1,250	510	740	4,075	1,840	2,240
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,900	1,600	2,300	25,955	12,800	13,155
Other places of birth in Americas	3,495	1,580	1,915	56,235	26,370	29,870
Europe	63,400	30,100	33,300	311,090	154,910	156,185
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,715	1,380	1,330	3,785	1,890	1,895
Croatia	4,805	2,345	2,455	2,140	1,085	1,050
France	385	185	200	81,225	43,490	37,735
Germany	3,020	1,345	1,675	9,750	4,365	5,390
Greece	1,355	725	625	18,420	9,135	9,285
Hungary	1,485	695	790	3,325	1,620	1,700
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	580	285	295	820	485	330
Italy	10,790	5,230	5,560	51,025	25,370	25,655
Netherlands	2,500	1,235	1,260	1,990	1,035	955
Poland	5,775	2,610	3,165	10,735	4,675	6,060
Portugal	5,605	2,800	2,800	18,985	9,185	9,800
Romania	1,705	790	915	28,695	13,695	15,005
Russian Federation	700	290	410	11,355	4,975	6,375
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,725	830	900	1,790	830	960
Ukraine	855	365	490	8,670	3,800	4,870
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	13,960	6,375	7,590	12,905	6,645	6,260
Other places of birth in Europe	5,445	2,625	2,815	45,500	22,630	22,870
Africa	7,495	3,605	3,885	241,410	125,250	116,165
Algeria	70	35	35	59,465	31,180	28,280
Egypt	800	435	365	19,490	10,290	9,200
Ethiopia	350	145	205	995	495	495
Kenya	440	200	245	785	355	430
Morocco	175	95	70	60,700	31,435	29,270
Nigeria	415	195	215	1,340	740	600
Somalia	575	215	365	580	270	310
South Africa, Republic of	640	305	340	865	475	385
Other places of birth in Africa	4,025	1,985	2,040	97,200	50,005	47,190
Asia	42,025	20,040	21,985	289,825	136,175	153,655
Afghanistan	950	455	490	7,280	3,640	3,640
Bangladesh	1,020	505	515	7,940	3,990	3,950
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	3,880	1,735	2,145	49,555	19,905	29,655
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	630	305	330	4,730	2,290	2,435
India	6,585	3,275	3,305	17,865	9,195	8,670
IranCensus data footnote 61	1,190	570	620	17,760	8,880	8,885
Iraq	4,750	2,405	2,345	3,735	1,960	1,775
Japan	205	85	125	1,725	395	1,330
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,095	490	610	4,230	1,995	2,230
Lebanon	970	450	510	39,135	20,800	18,340
Pakistan	3,685	1,790	1,895	10,010	5,260	4,750
Philippines	5,890	2,345	3,545	24,410	9,040	15,370
Sri Lanka	600	300	300	10,715	5,335	5,380
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,820	930	895	17,775	8,800	8,980
Taiwan	245	120	130	2,735	1,100	1,635
Viet Nam	2,785	1,280	1,500	25,440	11,765	13,675
Other places of birth in Asia	5,725	3,005	2,725	44,795	21,840	22,950
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	440	225	220	1,480	805	670
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	13,150	6,295	6,855	215,170	105,105	110,065
Americas	2,015	1,055	960	47,710	22,625	25,085
Brazil	45	20	20	3,010	1,495	1,520
Colombia	260	125	135	7,540	3,465	4,075
Cuba	110	55	60	2,565	1,260	1,315
Haiti	85	45	40	16,880	7,690	9,190
Jamaica	310	180	125	190	140	55
Mexico	110	55	55	4,210	1,955	2,255
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	540	290	250	3,990	2,265	1,720
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	15	0	10	1,955	935	1,020
Other places of birth in Americas	530	275	255	7,365	3,425	3,935
Europe	1,865	900	960	39,320	20,085	19,235
France	50	20	25	20,030	10,855	9,175
Germany	45	25	25	580	250	330
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	50	45	10	135	105	35
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	10	0	10	3,750	1,695	2,055
Romania	100	35	65	2,945	1,260	1,685
Russian Federation	115	40	80	1,970	865	1,105
Ukraine	85	25	55	2,460	1,110	1,350
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	365	200	165	860	565	290
Other places of birth in Europe	1,045	520	525	6,590	3,385	3,205
Africa	1,665	735	930	74,200	37,110	37,090
Algeria	15	0	10	16,380	8,060	8,320
Cameroon	45	25	25	7,550	3,705	3,845
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	160	90	65	3,370	1,655	1,715
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	5,070	2,505	2,565
Egypt	210	95	115	4,360	2,260	2,095
Eritrea	60	20	40	50	30	20
Ethiopia	80	35	50	125	65	60
Morocco	30	20	10	13,475	6,675	6,805
Nigeria	105	40	70	540	280	260
Somalia	145	65	75	95	40	50
South Africa, Republic of	45	25	25	175	115	60
Tunisia	15	10	10	5,855	3,025	2,825
Other places of birth in Africa	745	305	445	17,155	8,690	8,470
Asia	7,555	3,580	3,975	53,595	25,070	28,525
Afghanistan	120	55	60	1,555	715	840
Bangladesh	125	60	65	860	455	405
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	640	255	385	10,705	4,805	5,895
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	10	10	10	120	35	80
India	1,005	505	500	2,960	1,555	1,405
IranCensus data footnote 61	250	120	135	7,505	3,545	3,960
Iraq	1,095	560	540	985	465	515
Israel	45	25	20	645	390	255
Japan	35	10	20	330	30	295
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	130	45	90	825	370	455
Lebanon	160	75	85	3,955	2,100	1,860
Nepal	50	20	30	360	165	195
Pakistan	700	315	380	1,815	920	895
Philippines	1,080	415	665	5,635	2,345	3,290
Saudi Arabia	60	25	35	435	210	225
Sri Lanka	35	15	20	860	380	480
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,245	675	570	7,455	3,740	3,715
Taiwan	0	0	10	170	60	105
Turkey	45	35	10	585	300	285
United Arab Emirates	100	65	35	300	160	145
Viet Nam	110	40	70	1,505	560	945
Other places of birth in Asia	510	260	245	4,025	1,765	2,265
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	50	25	25	345	215	135
Australia	35	10	20	190	120	70
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	15	10	0	155	95	65
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	527,930	258,710	269,220	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
First generationCensus data footnote 69	138,535	65,845	72,690	1,204,895	590,175	614,720
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	133,170	66,060	67,115	792,085	399,535	392,550
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	256,225	126,805	129,420	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	81,230	38,625	42,605	867,685	420,465	447,220
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	30,250	14,990	15,255	469,015	243,915	225,100
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	11,460	7,175	4,285	224,720	137,975	86,745
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	18,790	7,815	10,970	244,300	105,945	138,360
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	25,160	10,330	14,830	241,225	96,130	145,095
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	24,535	12,700	11,835	146,295	75,100	71,195
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,285	605	680	11,150	5,320	5,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	527,935	258,710	269,225	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	12,130	5,890	6,245	182,885	91,890	90,995
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	11,655	5,650	6,010	175,960	88,635	87,325
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	8,445	4,045	4,400	92,655	45,510	47,145
Métis	3,080	1,555	1,530	69,365	36,260	33,100
Inuk (Inuit)	125	45	85	13,940	6,865	7,075
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	185	85	95	2,760	1,330	1,430
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	290	150	140	4,170	1,930	2,245
Non-Aboriginal identity	515,800	252,820	262,980	7,782,560	3,849,550	3,933,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	527,930	258,705	269,220	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	4,430	2,110	2,325	77,490	38,580	38,915
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	523,500	256,605	266,900	7,887,960	3,902,860	3,985,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	527,935	258,710	269,220	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	2,435	1,165	1,270	118,780	58,535	60,245
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	2,400	1,155	1,245	115,480	56,930	58,550
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	2,125	1,020	1,105	87,700	42,730	44,965
Métis single ancestry	270	130	135	17,585	9,225	8,360
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	10,200	4,980	5,220
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	35	15	20	3,300	1,605	1,700
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	10	15	2,220	1,115	1,105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	995	455	540
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	15,230	7,370	7,860	240,650	113,905	126,740
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	14,975	7,260	7,710	235,365	111,205	124,165
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,880	5,780	6,095	193,625	90,650	102,975
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,915	1,425	1,490	37,080	18,320	18,760
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	185	55	120	4,660	2,230	2,425
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	255	105	150	5,280	2,700	2,575
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	95	140	4,040	2,105	1,940
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	990	475	515
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	225	110	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	510,265	250,175	260,095	7,606,025	3,769,000	3,837,030
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	527,930	258,710	269,220	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	100,055	48,805	51,255	1,032,365	505,180	527,185
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	22,105	11,055	11,050	90,335	46,750	43,585
Chinese	10,075	4,875	5,195	99,505	44,370	55,135
Black	20,245	9,920	10,325	319,230	154,110	165,120
Filipino	8,145	3,480	4,670	34,910	14,275	20,635
Latin American	8,420	4,010	4,410	133,920	64,655	69,260
Arab	10,330	5,520	4,810	213,740	113,420	100,320
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	6,500	3,110	3,395	62,820	29,960	32,865
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	4,805	2,390	2,415	32,405	16,200	16,210
Korean	2,090	990	1,100	8,055	3,865	4,190
Japanese	1,055	465	595	4,570	1,755	2,820
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	2,530	1,230	1,310	9,840	4,670	5,175
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	3,745	1,755	1,990	23,045	11,160	11,885
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	427,875	209,910	217,970	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,830
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	527,930	258,710	269,220	7,965,455	3,941,435	4,024,010
North American Aboriginal origins	17,665	8,535	9,130	359,430	172,440	186,985
First Nations (North American Indian)	14,290	6,920	7,370	289,610	137,550	152,065
Inuit	220	75	145	17,175	8,300	8,880
Métis	3,455	1,665	1,785	61,260	30,915	30,345
Other North American origins	129,555	64,135	65,420	4,850,145	2,390,545	2,459,605
Acadian	695	370	325	34,785	16,440	18,345
American	5,935	2,830	3,100	45,050	21,470	23,580
Canadian	124,935	61,895	63,040	4,647,840	2,288,280	2,359,555
New Brunswicker	15	10	10	750	370	380
Newfoundlander	290	125	160	570	280	295
Nova Scotian	95	40	60	365	155	215
Ontarian	60	25	35	1,345	660	685
Québécois	120	45	70	184,005	93,895	90,110
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	55	25	30	205	110	100
European origins	383,005	187,360	195,640	3,037,890	1,511,060	1,526,825
British Isles origins	224,415	108,830	115,590	745,715	360,135	385,575
Channel Islander	65	35	30	1,440	725	720
Cornish	25	10	15	70	35	40
English	130,705	62,925	67,780	228,520	111,855	116,670
Irish	87,830	41,710	46,120	446,215	211,545	234,665
Manx	120	50	75	200	105	95
Scottish	98,760	47,275	51,485	215,030	103,395	111,635
Welsh	9,970	4,660	5,310	10,765	5,075	5,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,030	7,135	7,895	32,525	15,440	17,080
French origins	43,645	20,825	22,825	1,878,795	941,770	937,025
Alsatian	30	15	10	1,050	520	525
Breton	0	10	0	11,140	5,410	5,725
Corsican	0	0	0	1,270	690	580
French	43,620	20,800	22,820	1,870,545	937,665	932,875
Western European origins (except French origins)	78,955	38,495	40,455	244,380	119,115	125,260
Austrian	3,395	1,635	1,760	12,710	6,285	6,430
Bavarian	20	10	10	40	30	20
Belgian	1,575	830	740	51,340	25,295	26,050
Dutch	28,400	14,010	14,390	26,000	12,805	13,190
Flemish	135	90	50	1,345	660	685
Frisian	165	100	65	15	20	0
German	50,405	24,300	26,105	142,225	68,250	73,975
Luxembourger	25	10	10	910	445	460
Swiss	1,460	690	765	24,500	12,615	11,885
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	55	30	30	125	80	50
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	8,540	3,975	4,565	25,460	12,490	12,975
Danish	2,310	1,075	1,235	5,700	2,815	2,885
Finnish	1,675	830	850	3,130	1,430	1,700
Icelandic	320	160	160	955	480	470
Norwegian	1,785	785	1,005	7,820	3,835	3,985
Swedish	2,535	1,155	1,380	6,840	3,275	3,565
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	485	235	245	2,500	1,265	1,230
Eastern European origins	67,920	32,655	35,270	249,940	121,660	128,285
Bulgarian	445	230	220	9,570	4,675	4,895
Byelorussian	200	65	135	2,530	1,235	1,295
Czech	2,410	1,190	1,220	6,295	2,965	3,330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	945	395	545	2,150	1,100	1,050
Estonian	615	300	315	890	460	435
Hungarian	11,220	5,365	5,845	28,280	13,970	14,310
Latvian	965	480	480	1,740	835	905
Lithuanian	1,970	910	1,065	6,630	3,320	3,305
Moldovan	45	20	25	7,620	3,710	3,900
Polish	28,440	13,845	14,595	79,040	38,705	40,335
Romanian	4,500	2,120	2,380	53,060	25,935	27,125
Russian	5,740	2,720	3,025	55,230	26,405	28,830
Slovak	2,040	1,065	975	4,770	2,375	2,395
Ukrainian	18,985	9,065	9,925	42,550	20,575	21,975
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	310	135	185	2,900	1,505	1,400
Southern European origins	110,325	55,450	54,875	549,750	273,670	276,080
Albanian	1,645	815	830	3,760	1,950	1,805
Bosnian	2,110	1,050	1,065	2,970	1,485	1,490
Catalan	25	20	10	735	395	340
Croatian	10,360	5,215	5,150	6,745	3,375	3,370
Cypriot	110	55	55	480	240	245
Greek	5,030	2,670	2,365	71,330	36,235	35,090
Italian	62,335	31,400	30,935	326,700	162,650	164,045
Kosovar	305	150	155	505	295	210
Macedonian	1,265	700	565	775	400	370
Maltese	1,100	590	515	1,220	615	610
Montenegrin	175	95	80	450	250	200
Portuguese	16,230	8,255	7,975	69,805	34,825	34,980
Serbian	7,590	3,965	3,620	5,950	2,915	3,040
Sicilian	615	270	340	1,435	710	725
Slovenian	1,925	920	1,005	2,510	1,225	1,280
Spanish	6,290	2,825	3,465	85,360	41,745	43,615
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,220	660	560	3,270	1,595	1,670
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	70	35	30	300	155	145
Other European origins	2,765	1,320	1,440	38,670	19,875	18,800
Basque	35	20	15	3,620	1,930	1,690
Jewish	1,465	665	800	25,235	12,955	12,280
Roma (Gypsy)	300	145	155	475	270	205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	175	90	85	360	180	185
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	835	425	410	9,215	4,690	4,530
Caribbean origins	12,725	6,020	6,710	201,625	93,935	107,690
Antiguan	65	30	35	380	170	205
Bahamian	85	25	55	430	205	225
Barbadian	685	315	370	5,570	2,585	2,985
Bermudan	90	55	35	115	50	65
Carib	35	15	20	405	150	255
Cuban	750	345	405	9,830	4,800	5,035
Dominican	400	205	195	11,560	5,320	6,235
Grenadian	350	170	180	1,965	790	1,175
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	1,010	475	535
Haitian	340	145	200	143,165	66,245	76,925
Jamaican	7,460	3,515	3,945	14,100	6,785	7,315
Kittitian/Nevisian	45	30	10	360	200	160
Martinican	0	0	0	1,775	820	950
Montserratan	10	10	10	240	140	105
Puerto Rican	45	20	20	530	270	255
St. Lucian	110	50	60	860	450	405
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,765	850	915	6,585	2,925	3,660
Vincentian/Grenadinian	210	115	95	4,020	1,695	2,325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,065	425	640	5,635	2,610	3,025
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	420	200	215	4,195	1,995	2,205
Latin, Central and South American origins	11,790	5,580	6,205	167,275	81,215	86,065
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	420	205	220	6,100	2,885	3,210
Arawak	55	20	35	180	60	120
Argentinian	410	215	195	4,950	2,490	2,460
Belizean	25	10	15	80	40	40
Bolivian	50	35	20	1,730	815	915
Brazilian	530	235	295	8,345	4,075	4,275
Chilean	505	220	285	14,060	7,055	7,005
Colombian	1,915	910	1,000	33,965	15,915	18,050
Costa Rican	100	35	65	1,180	570	610
Ecuadorian	290	155	135	2,720	1,255	1,470
Guatemalan	820	395	420	10,175	5,380	4,795
Guyanese	1,835	880	955	3,670	1,810	1,860
Hispanic	270	120	150	1,155	570	585
Honduran	255	90	165	4,335	2,135	2,200
Maya	130	55	75	1,670	935	735
Mexican	1,275	625	655	26,930	13,185	13,745
Nicaraguan	320	135	180	2,805	1,360	1,445
Panamanian	75	35	40	1,460	755	710
Paraguayan	20	10	15	365	155	205
Peruvian	320	180	140	19,735	9,240	10,495
Salvadorean	2,185	1,080	1,105	19,200	9,535	9,665
Uruguayan	95	50	45	1,755	815	940
Venezuelan	220	90	135	7,475	3,430	4,045
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	630	280	350	5,845	2,965	2,880
African origins	14,435	7,190	7,250	382,665	196,910	185,755
Central and West African origins	3,255	1,630	1,625	86,695	44,720	41,975
Akan	25	10	15	630	325	310
Angolan	130	55	75	875	425	450
Ashanti	25	20	10	120	90	35
Beninese	15	0	10	4,125	2,220	1,915
Burkinabe	25	20	0	2,465	1,325	1,145
Cameroonian	160	85	75	17,095	8,635	8,465
Chadian	275	125	150	1,045	525	520
Congolese	710	355	355	20,210	9,960	10,250
Edo	0	0	0	110	60	45
Ewe	0	0	0	460	265	200
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,165	545	620
Gambian	10	0	10	150	95	55
Ghanaian	865	435	435	3,235	1,660	1,575
Guinean	40	10	25	5,255	2,765	2,485
Ibo	60	45	15	185	95	95
Ivorian	25	10	15	8,545	4,350	4,200
Liberian	35	20	15	150	60	90
Malian	0	0	0	3,535	1,755	1,775
Malinké	0	0	0	635	340	295
Nigerian	810	450	365	2,820	1,510	1,310
Peulh	0	0	0	2,110	1,080	1,030
Senegalese	25	10	20	8,250	4,420	3,835
Sierra Leonean	40	25	15	110	55	55
Togolese	0	0	0	4,080	2,210	1,870
Wolof	0	0	0	660	390	270
Yoruba	30	10	20	460	225	235
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	120	35	85	6,955	3,690	3,275
North African origins	2,595	1,435	1,160	225,125	117,725	107,410
Algerian	135	80	55	60,375	31,185	29,190
Berber	30	15	15	33,825	17,840	15,985
Coptic	55	35	15	685	385	305
Dinka	35	20	15	15	10	10
Egyptian	1,315	715	605	29,400	15,295	14,100
Libyan	140	85	55	1,075	590	485
Maure	0	0	0	530	290	240
Moroccan	290	170	120	85,940	44,520	41,420
Sudanese	645	365	285	370	220	150
Tunisian	45	30	15	21,475	11,775	9,695
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	75	35	40	3,340	1,845	1,490
Southern and East African origins	4,275	2,045	2,220	28,925	14,225	14,705
Afrikaner	15	0	10	115	75	40
Amhara	40	20	20	65	30	35
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	85	40	40	1,905	1,040	870
Burundian	85	40	45	6,015	2,945	3,070
Djiboutian	10	10	0	450	205	245
Eritrean	185	85	105	580	290	290
Ethiopian	450	215	235	1,575	785	785
Harari	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kenyan	250	100	160	530	270	260
Malagasy	0	0	0	3,735	1,815	1,920
Mauritian	30	15	15	3,695	1,735	1,960
Oromo	60	40	20	20	15	10
Rwandan	285	140	145	5,130	2,445	2,685
Seychellois	0	0	0	775	345	425
Somali	1,250	535	710	1,785	865	915
South African	715	375	335	900	490	420
Tanzanian	120	40	80	325	190	140
Tigrian	0	0	0	95	35	55
Ugandan	105	55	55	290	135	160
Zambian	50	20	25	45	20	25
Zimbabwean	430	205	220	300	150	145
Zulu	100	55	40	70	35	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	275	135	135	1,790	915	875
Other African origins	4,560	2,180	2,385	46,805	22,845	23,965
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	725	350	375	3,800	1,845	1,950
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	3,890	1,865	2,020	43,785	21,415	22,370
Asian origins	74,200	36,010	38,195	563,150	275,170	287,980
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	21,105	10,695	10,415	240,795	123,985	116,810
Afghan	1,500	735	760	10,945	5,550	5,395
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	2,730	1,415	1,310	44,875	23,680	21,195
Armenian	960	475	480	27,380	13,515	13,865
Assyrian	2,070	1,035	1,030	370	205	165
Azerbaijani	70	35	40	555	295	255
Georgian	30	15	15	635	295	345
Hazara	40	30	10	385	190	200
Iranian	1,970	975	995	25,530	12,845	12,685
Iraqi	3,295	1,695	1,595	5,520	2,780	2,740
Israeli	320	170	145	6,060	3,235	2,830
Jordanian	600	310	290	1,610	840	770
Kazakh	25	10	15	620	295	325
Kurd	1,460	730	730	2,135	1,180	960
Kuwaiti	10	10	0	95	50	50
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	260	140	120
Lebanese	2,095	980	1,115	78,140	40,695	37,450
Palestinian	1,590	870	715	6,865	3,520	3,345
Pashtun	110	60	55	515	280	235
Saudi Arabian	125	60	65	645	390	255
Syrian	1,630	870	760	27,465	13,845	13,620
Tajik	10	0	10	390	180	210
Tatar	20	10	10	910	430	485
Turk	1,240	605	630	15,060	7,520	7,545
Turkmen	20	10	10	65	45	25
Uighur	15	0	10	375	185	190
Uzbek	10	0	10	465	210	255
Yemeni	300	150	145	805	450	355
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	590	290	305	2,465	1,385	1,075
South Asian origins	22,990	11,455	11,535	95,670	48,925	46,745
Bangladeshi	885	440	450	7,075	3,625	3,450
Bengali	350	190	160	4,125	2,035	2,090
Bhutanese	15	10	10	420	205	215
East Indian	15,790	7,915	7,880	51,650	26,505	25,140
Goan	45	20	25	210	105	110
Gujarati	100	35	65	420	205	215
Kashmiri	70	25	40	260	155	105
Nepali	175	95	85	930	460	470
Pakistani	3,935	1,940	1,990	13,535	7,000	6,535
Punjabi	1,190	590	595	2,970	1,675	1,295
Sinhalese	150	85	65	310	135	175
Sri Lankan	785	360	430	14,750	7,300	7,450
Tamil	130	70	60	3,100	1,610	1,495
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,010	505	510	2,135	1,190	945
East and Southeast Asian origins	30,650	14,165	16,485	229,985	103,805	126,180
Burmese	75	40	40	530	270	255
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,395	640	755	15,345	7,360	7,985
Chinese	12,560	5,915	6,645	121,445	54,595	66,850
Filipino	8,815	3,845	4,970	37,910	15,590	22,320
Hmong	0	0	0	35	10	20
Indonesian	200	80	120	1,320	570	755
Japanese	1,390	620	780	6,495	2,615	3,875
Karen	380	205	180	95	55	40
Korean	2,135	1,030	1,100	8,740	4,155	4,580
Laotian	760	335	425	7,625	3,860	3,770
Malaysian	195	90	105	645	300	340
Mongolian	55	20	35	960	470	485
Singaporean	0	0	10	105	65	40
Taiwanese	175	75	95	2,205	940	1,265
Thai	450	185	265	2,695	1,065	1,635
Tibetan	0	0	0	80	45	30
Vietnamese	4,170	2,015	2,155	43,080	20,790	22,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	90	40	50	275	125	155
Other Asian origins	430	190	245	1,765	905	865
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	430	185	245	1,770	905	860
Oceania origins	825	430	395	3,250	1,730	1,515
Australian	490	260	235	2,055	1,125	935
New Zealander	180	95	80	490	245	245
Pacific Islands origins	170	80	85	785	410	380
Fijian	55	25	35	70	25	40
Hawaiian	15	10	10	60	40	20
Maori	35	15	15	90	55	35
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	10	0	0	290	145	145
Samoan	30	30	0	15	15	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	35	0	30	295	155	145
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	211,600	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Owner	143,050	...	...	2,163,735	...	...
Renter	68,545	...	...	1,362,010	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	5,915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	211,595	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Condominium	21,040	...	...	413,325	...	...
Not condominium	190,555	...	...	3,118,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	211,595	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
No bedrooms	1,265	...	...	23,725	...	...
1 bedroom	29,840	...	...	573,370	...	...
2 bedrooms	44,230	...	...	1,100,310	...	...
3 bedrooms	85,385	...	...	1,157,300	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	50,880	...	...	676,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	211,595	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	51,925	...	...	1,258,215	...	...
5 rooms	29,680	...	...	620,935	...	...
6 rooms	32,915	...	...	432,090	...	...
7 rooms	30,960	...	...	403,255	...	...
8 or more rooms	66,105	...	...	817,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	211,600	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
One person or fewer per room	208,140	...	...	3,492,135	...	...
More than 1 person per room	3,455	...	...	39,530	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	211,600	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Suitable	200,675	...	...	3,398,910	...	...
Not suitable	10,925	...	...	132,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	211,600	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
1960 or before	74,465	...	...	894,495	...	...
1961 to 1980	61,565	...	...	1,116,760	...	...
1981 to 1990	24,785	...	...	503,495	...	...
1991 to 2000	20,630	...	...	369,020	...	...
2001 to 2005	9,830	...	...	196,830	...	...
2006 to 2010	10,170	...	...	241,545	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	10,150	...	...	209,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	211,595	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	196,785	...	...	3,304,625	...	...
Major repairs needed	14,810	...	...	227,040	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	211,600	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 household maintainer	124,255	...	...	2,221,970	...	...
2 household maintainers	81,760	...	...	1,264,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	5,580	...	...	45,500	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	211,600	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	5,330	...	...	119,495	...	...
25 to 34 years	27,950	...	...	498,070	...	...
35 to 44 years	34,220	...	...	603,840	...	...
45 to 54 years	44,045	...	...	682,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	43,335	...	...	731,390	...	...
65 to 74 years	30,660	...	...	541,630	...	...
75 to 84 years	18,175	...	...	270,280	...	...
85 years and over	7,875	...	...	84,680	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	210,800	...	...	3,496,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	155,740	...	...	2,763,105	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	55,050	...	...	733,355	...	...
30% to less than 100%	48,335	...	...	647,975	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	142,455	...	...	2,141,690	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.3	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.8	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,227	...	...	983	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,350	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,370	...	...	250,302	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	430,555	...	...	290,484	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	68,525	...	...	1,358,265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.5	...	...	9.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	45.4	...	...	33.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	892	...	...	720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	947	...	...	775	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	441,055	214,025	227,030	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	87,875	43,720	44,155	1,323,070	674,955	648,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	125,445	62,085	63,355	1,426,980	674,820	752,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	227,735	108,215	119,520	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30,600	21,575	9,030	1,120,730	681,515	439,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	14,475	8,645	5,830	806,585	435,090	371,495
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	16,125	12,930	3,195	314,145	246,425	67,720
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	99,070	42,415	56,655	1,165,515	506,775	658,740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,155	3,530	4,625	236,255	93,680	142,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	89,910	40,700	49,210	1,361,730	628,290	733,440
Bachelor's degree	60,000	26,045	33,960	872,060	384,275	487,790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	5,980	2,570	3,410	118,955	54,255	64,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	3,045	1,655	1,390	39,045	19,865	19,185
Master's degree	17,025	8,005	9,015	281,215	139,280	141,935
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	3,860	2,425	1,435	50,455	30,615	19,840
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	285,660	139,455	146,200	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	34,945	19,070	15,875	580,635	323,880	256,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	74,620	38,465	36,160	808,955	396,620	412,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	176,090	81,925	94,165	2,982,345	1,447,305	1,535,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20,770	14,595	6,170	866,595	513,575	353,015
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	9,915	5,950	3,965	631,795	330,140	301,655
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	10,850	8,645	2,205	234,800	183,440	51,360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	78,165	33,605	44,565	832,430	367,185	465,245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,700	2,445	3,260	167,025	67,530	99,495
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	71,455	31,285	40,175	1,116,300	499,010	617,290
Bachelor's degree	47,145	20,000	27,140	712,935	308,760	404,175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,690	1,875	2,810	94,240	40,085	54,160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,490	1,245	1,245	30,775	13,505	17,270
Master's degree	14,090	6,385	7,700	238,300	113,895	124,410
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	3,040	1,775	1,270	40,050	22,780	17,270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	441,055	214,025	227,030	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	213,320	105,810	107,515	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,270
Education	13,525	3,515	10,005	273,320	62,470	210,845
13. Education	13,525	3,520	10,005	273,320	62,470	210,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	9,160	4,350	4,805	156,720	71,485	85,240
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,705	1,235	465	25,380	18,280	7,100
50. Visual and performing arts	7,450	3,115	4,340	131,340	53,200	78,140
Humanities	13,365	5,225	8,140	215,735	86,065	129,675
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,170	235	940	32,180	7,165	25,020
23. English language and literature/letters	3,515	1,095	2,415	12,900	4,060	8,835
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,150	1,120	2,030	103,120	42,685	60,435
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	85	35	50	880	395	485
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,110	630	480	10,400	6,650	3,755
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,140	680	460	10,125	6,200	3,930
54. History	2,470	1,330	1,140	17,055	9,990	7,065
55. French language and literature/letters	725	100	620	29,070	8,920	20,155
Social and behavioural sciences and law	28,090	9,150	18,940	380,995	125,025	255,975
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	265	60	200	4,315	1,165	3,150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,995	1,265	1,725	48,530	16,690	31,845
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	5,245	355	4,890	77,470	6,070	71,400
22. Legal professions and studies	3,650	1,140	2,510	67,185	25,785	41,395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	665	115	550	9,905	2,035	7,870
42. Psychology	3,670	935	2,735	57,335	14,030	43,305
45. Social sciences	11,605	5,275	6,330	116,255	59,245	57,015
Business, management and public administration	41,430	16,100	25,325	879,190	321,450	557,740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	75	10	60	815	300	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	4,195	645	3,550	47,715	10,490	37,225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	37,160	15,445	21,720	830,660	310,665	519,990
Physical and life sciences and technologies	9,395	4,845	4,545	140,990	76,780	64,215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	4,130	1,835	2,295	49,705	20,900	28,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,780	760	1,020	23,210	13,865	9,350
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	90	45	45	21,890	10,810	11,080
40. Physical sciences	2,840	2,025	820	39,060	27,545	11,515
41. Science technologies/technicians	550	180	370	7,120	3,660	3,465
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	7,840	4,845	2,990	152,105	104,850	47,255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,745	3,780	1,965	125,480	92,730	32,750
25. Library science	625	80	545	11,110	2,145	8,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,335	895	445	13,415	8,365	5,045
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	135	100	40	2,100	1,605	495
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	47,875	44,155	3,720	828,400	758,350	70,055
04. Architecture and related services	2,100	1,600	500	29,015	17,055	11,960
14. Engineering	8,670	7,335	1,330	150,450	124,585	25,865
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	11,470	10,175	1,295	150,640	135,445	15,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	60	20	40
46. Construction trades	9,340	9,165	175	185,385	179,995	5,390
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,815	9,640	175	184,280	178,510	5,770
48. Precision production	6,470	6,235	235	128,580	122,750	5,830
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,330	1,930	1,400	85,485	56,900	28,585
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,300	1,280	1,015	51,770	30,870	20,900
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,030	650	380	33,715	26,025	7,690
Health and related fields	39,315	7,225	32,095	480,230	95,450	384,780
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,435	1,600	1,840	27,955	14,675	13,280
51. Health professions and related programs	34,830	5,050	29,775	441,105	74,630	366,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,055	575	480	11,160	6,140	5,020
Personal, protective and transportation services	14,370	6,865	7,510	290,005	151,070	138,935
12. Personal and culinary services	8,210	2,015	6,190	164,595	43,720	120,875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	70	45	30	290	270	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	50	0	1,345	1,245	100
43. Security and protective services	4,000	2,870	1,130	54,625	42,415	12,210
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,040	1,880	160	69,160	63,425	5,740
Other	50	10	45	1,055	375	680
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	55	10	45	1,055	375	675
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	285,660	139,455	146,200	4,371,935	2,167,805	2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	109,565	57,530	52,030	1,389,585	720,500	669,085
Education	9,840	2,535	7,305	180,615	37,990	142,625
13. Education	9,840	2,530	7,305	180,615	37,990	142,625
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	7,050	3,320	3,725	122,045	55,575	66,475
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,205	870	330	19,510	13,740	5,770
50. Visual and performing arts	5,845	2,450	3,395	102,535	41,830	60,705
Humanities	10,090	3,810	6,275	138,330	54,580	83,750
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	940	185	755	25,220	5,455	19,765
23. English language and literature/letters	2,635	800	1,825	9,585	2,990	6,595
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,400	840	1,560	57,730	25,305	32,430
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	75	30	50	600	255	350
38. Philosophy and religious studies	810	450	360	6,980	4,415	2,570
39. Theology and religious vocations	795	450	340	5,415	3,380	2,035
54. History	1,895	985	905	12,235	7,140	5,095
55. French language and literature/letters	550	70	480	20,555	5,640	14,915
Social and behavioural sciences and law	22,145	7,025	15,120	301,550	95,120	206,430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	215	50	170	3,550	925	2,620
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,515	1,045	1,470	40,275	13,900	26,370
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,000	245	3,755	63,120	4,295	58,825
22. Legal professions and studies	3,070	820	2,250	53,620	18,830	34,790
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	525	90	430	6,840	1,420	5,420
42. Psychology	2,820	665	2,160	44,540	10,255	34,285
45. Social sciences	9,000	4,120	4,885	89,610	45,495	44,110
Business, management and public administration	32,980	12,525	20,460	706,400	248,920	457,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	70	10	60	615	215	400
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,410	510	2,900	38,320	7,835	30,485
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	29,505	12,005	17,500	667,470	240,870	426,600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	7,080	3,475	3,605	92,480	49,390	43,090
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,135	1,335	1,805	40,895	16,635	24,260
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,295	545	755	12,450	7,435	5,015
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	70	45	30	4,175	2,385	1,785
40. Physical sciences	2,135	1,430	705	29,705	20,255	9,445
41. Science technologies/technicians	445	130	310	5,255	2,675	2,580
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	6,715	4,255	2,460	132,750	91,865	40,885
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,165	3,445	1,725	112,715	83,240	29,470
25. Library science	400	50	350	8,720	1,665	7,055
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,030	670	355	9,725	5,815	3,915
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	125	90	30	1,585	1,150	440
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	35,730	32,620	3,105	639,185	577,845	61,335
04. Architecture and related services	1,710	1,315	395	24,260	13,870	10,385
14. Engineering	6,635	5,475	1,160	126,835	103,165	23,665
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,945	7,850	1,095	116,595	103,710	12,885
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	50	15	30
46. Construction trades	6,555	6,400	155	134,865	130,350	4,510
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	7,410	7,285	125	139,935	135,155	4,780
48. Precision production	4,465	4,295	170	96,655	91,580	5,075
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,670	1,480	1,190	69,865	45,215	24,655
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,815	960	860	41,755	23,965	17,795
03. Natural resources and conservation	850	525	330	28,110	21,250	6,860
Health and related fields	30,610	5,600	25,015	368,600	72,245	296,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,665	1,220	1,445	22,660	11,635	11,030
51. Health professions and related programs	27,070	3,940	23,130	337,320	56,510	280,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	875	435	440	8,620	4,110	4,510
Personal, protective and transportation services	11,130	5,260	5,870	229,640	118,260	111,375
12. Personal and culinary services	6,230	1,435	4,795	129,245	32,830	96,410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	40	20	25	225	200	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	0	875	795	80
43. Security and protective services	3,215	2,295	920	42,550	32,575	9,975
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,615	1,485	130	56,750	51,860	4,890
Other	45	10	40	890	300	595
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	10	40	890	300	595
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	441,055	214,025	227,035	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	213,320	105,810	107,515	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	227,730	108,215	119,515	3,884,235	1,910,265	1,973,970
Location of study inside Canada	192,205	90,580	101,625	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880
Same as province or territory of residence	183,530	86,495	97,035	3,367,195	1,642,930	1,724,270
Different than province or territory of residence	8,675	4,085	4,590	142,415	73,800	68,610
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	35,525	17,635	17,895	374,620	193,530	181,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	5,835	2,865	2,970	28,320	16,915	11,410
Philippines	2,480	815	1,665	12,515	3,600	8,920
India	2,960	1,525	1,435	6,805	3,660	3,150
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,150	2,320	1,825	11,250	6,535	4,715
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	1,415	615	800	17,155	7,755	9,395
France	195	110	85	69,665	39,885	29,780
Other	18,490	9,385	9,110	228,905	115,185	113,725
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	285,660	139,455	146,205	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	109,565	57,535	52,035	1,389,590	720,505	669,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	176,090	81,925	94,165	2,982,350	1,447,305	1,535,045
Location of study inside Canada	150,165	69,735	80,430	2,676,230	1,293,455	1,382,780
Same as province or territory of residence	143,675	66,655	77,020	2,567,605	1,238,320	1,329,280
Different than province or territory of residence	6,495	3,080	3,415	108,630	55,125	53,500
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	25,925	12,190	13,735	306,115	153,850	152,265
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	4,610	2,155	2,450	19,655	11,145	8,505
Philippines	2,030	660	1,375	10,545	2,935	7,610
India	2,330	1,140	1,190	4,865	2,465	2,400
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	1,865	1,000	865	7,390	4,245	3,145
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	1,150	490	660	15,420	6,865	8,550
France	165	95	75	57,315	32,115	25,205
Other	13,775	6,655	7,120	190,930	94,085	96,850
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	441,055	214,025	227,030	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
In the labour force	278,645	144,050	134,590	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Employed	259,070	133,295	125,775	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220
Unemployed	19,580	10,760	8,815	306,170	177,630	128,540
Not in the labour force	162,410	69,970	92,440	2,378,780	1,045,300	1,333,480
Participation rate	63.2	67.3	59.3	64.1	67.9	60.5
Employment rate	58.7	62.3	55.4	59.5	62.5	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.0	7.5	6.5	7.2	8.0	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	441,060	214,030	227,030	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	154,915	66,825	88,090	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655
Worked	286,140	147,205	138,935	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,585
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	149,075	83,445	65,625	2,084,020	1,145,805	938,215
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	137,075	63,760	73,310	2,321,945	1,146,575	1,175,375
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.4	42.7	42.5	42.7	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	278,645	144,050	134,590	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	6,655	3,395	3,260	101,485	51,640	49,850
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	271,990	140,660	131,325	4,154,015	2,163,095	1,990,915
Employee	243,900	122,890	121,015	3,664,920	1,863,740	1,801,185
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	28,085	17,775	10,320	489,090	299,355	189,730
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	278,645	144,055	134,585	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	6,655	3,395	3,260	101,490	51,640	49,850
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	271,990	140,655	131,325	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
0 Management occupations	26,770	16,430	10,340	418,450	263,585	154,875
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	38,810	11,555	27,255	677,390	210,525	466,865
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15,600	12,585	3,020	286,270	222,375	63,895
3 Health occupations	21,740	4,200	17,545	295,765	57,160	238,610
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	33,105	10,730	22,375	502,945	147,145	355,795
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	7,755	3,625	4,130	135,730	64,370	71,365
6 Sales and service occupations	66,560	27,495	39,065	988,610	449,820	538,790
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40,685	38,320	2,365	574,675	544,100	30,570
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,685	3,595	1,090	67,290	55,610	11,685
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	16,270	12,125	4,145	206,875	148,405	58,475
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	278,645	144,055	134,585	4,255,495	2,214,735	2,040,765
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	6,650	3,395	3,260	101,490	51,635	49,850
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	271,990	140,660	131,330	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,865	1,750	1,115	84,060	60,460	23,595
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	320	285	35	20,920	18,175	2,745
22 Utilities	1,315	995	325	28,410	20,650	7,755
23 Construction	20,110	17,610	2,505	254,055	223,770	30,285
31-33 Manufacturing	33,155	25,370	7,780	458,315	332,080	126,240
41 Wholesale trade	11,110	7,770	3,335	157,365	104,885	52,475
44-45 Retail trade	32,195	14,580	17,625	508,170	239,625	268,545
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	11,465	8,525	2,940	187,550	142,550	45,000
51 Information and cultural industries	5,550	3,205	2,345	100,775	59,705	41,070
52 Finance and insurance	10,835	4,330	6,500	165,140	66,175	98,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,865	2,600	2,270	61,380	36,505	24,875
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15,705	8,550	7,155	288,715	161,030	127,685
55 Management of companies and enterprises	395	165	230	3,305	1,270	2,035
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	14,130	8,355	5,770	176,185	108,280	67,905
61 Educational services	24,305	8,100	16,200	306,575	96,170	210,405
62 Health care and social assistance	36,280	6,455	29,825	532,680	99,380	433,295
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,840	2,580	2,255	84,130	44,235	39,895
72 Accommodation and food services	18,325	7,285	11,040	278,500	123,235	155,265
81 Other services (except public administration)	11,740	5,520	6,225	193,700	89,455	104,245
91 Public administration	12,490	6,630	5,860	264,085	135,455	128,630
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	259,070	133,290	125,775	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220
Worked at home	15,785	7,580	8,205	266,285	134,325	131,960
Worked outside Canada	985	720	270	10,600	7,580	3,020
No fixed workplace address	29,165	21,435	7,730	351,595	265,405	86,185
Worked at usual place	213,130	103,560	109,570	3,320,850	1,629,795	1,691,050
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	213,135	103,560	109,570	3,320,845	1,629,795	1,691,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	142,615	63,320	79,290	1,732,155	810,895	921,260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	485,450	234,700	250,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	70,095	40,005	30,090	1,037,125	549,095	488,030
Commute to a different province or territory	420	225	190	66,125	35,110	31,015
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	242,295	124,995	117,300	3,672,445	1,895,200	1,777,240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	183,830	99,280	84,545	2,739,405	1,475,775	1,263,625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	17,345	7,795	9,555	133,760	51,045	82,715
Public transit	25,545	10,610	14,925	503,285	217,465	285,820
Walked	11,210	4,710	6,500	205,350	93,595	111,760
Bicycle	2,240	1,585	660	54,625	36,470	18,155
Other method	2,120	1,005	1,120	36,010	20,845	15,170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	242,295	124,990	117,305	3,672,440	1,895,200	1,777,240
Less than 15 minutes	52,365	23,475	28,890	1,035,455	493,225	542,235
15 to 29 minutes	92,600	44,985	47,610	1,200,455	617,010	583,445
30 to 44 minutes	47,840	26,055	21,785	777,955	425,640	352,310
45 to 59 minutes	21,280	12,710	8,570	343,540	184,440	159,100
60 minutes and over	28,215	17,770	10,450	315,035	174,875	140,160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	242,290	124,990	117,305	3,672,440	1,895,205	1,777,240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	21,160	15,895	5,265	256,150	192,835	63,315
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45,130	28,000	17,130	675,585	420,120	255,465
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	58,890	28,360	30,530	1,133,510	527,925	605,580
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	48,540	18,960	29,580	714,935	296,300	418,630
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	26,495	10,970	15,530	349,845	148,715	201,125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	42,075	22,810	19,260	542,425	309,295	233,125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	295,375	151,820	143,560	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655
Single responses	292,690	150,525	142,165	4,187,865	2,169,480	2,018,385
Official languages	291,015	149,605	141,410	4,153,710	2,152,290	2,001,420
English	289,890	149,300	140,590	541,720	294,935	246,780
French	1,125	310	820	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,640
Non-official languages	1,675	915	755	34,160	17,190	16,970
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	12,670	6,180	6,490
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	8,350	4,095	4,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	8,285	4,060	4,220
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,100	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	1,800	840	960
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	210	105	100
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	35	20	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,145	2,515	2,630
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	30
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	4,305	2,080	2,220
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	4,290	2,075	2,215
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,675	920	760	21,490	11,005	10,480
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	60	50	1,895	1,125	775
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	55	50	1,860	1,110	745
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	50	45	1,715	1,045	665
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	10	10	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	140	70	70
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	60	65	1,725	850	870
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	10	315	140	175
Vietnamese	120	55	60	1,410	710	695
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	135	65	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	0	115	50	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	10	0	275	90	190
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	265	90	175
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	150	75	75
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	10	145	75	70
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-European languages	890	500	385	10,165	5,255	4,910
Albanian	30	20	10	30	20	10
Armenian	0	0	0	275	130	145
Balto-Slavic languages	290	175	110	1,130	500	635
Baltic languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
Latvian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages	275	170	110	1,115	495	625
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	15	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	10	0	55	20	30
Croatian	40	30	10	10	0	10
Czech	10	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	35	30	170	65	105
Russian	25	15	15	735	340	395
Serbian	90	65	30	10	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	110	35	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10	1,285	575	715
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	370	170	195
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	10	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	860	375	485
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	525	260	270
Indo-Iranian languages	205	125	85	1,385	780	600
Indo-Aryan languages	180	105	80	680	390	295
Bengali	10	10	0	110	70	35
Gujarati	25	15	15	20	0	10
Hindi	10	0	0	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	20	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	50	40	415	225	190
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	30	20	85	50	35
Iranian languages	25	20	10	700	395	305
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	15
Persian (Farsi)	30	20	10	675	385	285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	345	175	175	5,525	2,990	2,540
Catalan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Italian	20	10	10	590	315	275
Portuguese	160	115	45	635	365	270
Romanian	0	10	0	320	140	175
Spanish	160	50	110	3,975	2,165	1,810
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	30	20	10	235	80	150
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	55	15	40	300	150	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	20	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	205	60	140
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	125	20	110
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	70	45	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	425	250	170	6,070	3,125	2,945
Chinese languages	400	240	165	6,075	3,130	2,950
Cantonese	165	120	45	2,655	1,325	1,330
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	220	110	105	3,100	1,630	1,465
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	70	40	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	0	235	130	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	110	40	75
Lao	0	0	0	55	25	30
Thai	15	0	0	55	10	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	110	60	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	110	55	55
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	40	10	40
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	35	0	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple responses	2,685	1,295	1,390	341,900	182,635	159,265
English and French	690	260	430	315,620	169,365	146,255
English and non-official language	1,960	1,025	935	6,545	3,655	2,890
French and non-official language	0	0	0	7,525	3,460	4,065
English, French and non-official language	35	10	25	12,205	6,160	6,055
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	295,380	151,820	143,555	4,529,770	2,352,110	2,177,655
None	284,550	146,755	137,800	3,107,035	1,588,345	1,518,690
English	1,545	610	935	1,031,380	555,940	475,440
French	3,000	1,105	1,895	317,490	169,785	147,705
Non-official language	6,085	3,250	2,830	49,850	25,900	23,950
Aboriginal	15	10	10	4,985	2,285	2,705
Non-Aboriginal	6,065	3,240	2,820	44,865	23,620	21,245
English and French	0	10	0	2,185	1,040	1,140
English and non-official language	15	10	10	14,910	7,255	7,655
French and non-official language	170	85	85	6,855	3,795	3,055
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	50	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	522,360	255,865	266,500	7,880,315	3,897,740	3,982,575
Non-movers	460,065	225,005	235,060	6,965,520	3,447,320	3,518,195
Movers	62,300	30,865	31,440	914,800	450,420	464,380
Non-migrants	40,580	19,935	20,650	547,410	269,850	277,560
Migrants	21,720	10,930	10,790	367,385	180,565	186,820
Internal migrants	17,035	8,385	8,655	305,465	149,335	156,135
Intraprovincial migrants	15,315	7,470	7,845	284,280	137,945	146,330
Interprovincial migrants	1,720	915	805	21,190	11,385	9,805
External migrants	4,685	2,545	2,135	61,920	31,235	30,685
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	499,650	244,260	255,390	7,520,960	3,714,155	3,806,805
Non-movers	320,160	156,200	163,955	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065
Movers	179,495	88,060	91,435	2,695,090	1,325,345	1,369,740
Non-migrants	113,675	55,500	58,175	1,507,665	741,220	766,440
Migrants	65,820	32,560	33,260	1,187,425	584,125	603,295
Internal migrants	50,670	24,800	25,870	949,170	464,830	484,340
Intraprovincial migrants	46,210	22,620	23,595	893,800	436,525	457,270
Interprovincial migrants	4,460	2,185	2,270	55,370	28,300	27,070
External migrants	15,150	7,755	7,390	238,250	119,295	118,960