Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	991,726	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	936,908 r	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.9	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	418,188	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	395,397	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	272.5	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,639.31	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	991,730	482,320	509,405	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	165,970	84,435	81,530	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	51,980	26,375	25,605	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	57,335	29,210	28,120	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	56,655	28,850	27,805	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	672,900	329,385	343,520	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	60,795	30,825	29,965	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	71,695	36,230	35,465	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	66,525	33,060	33,465	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	64,970	31,695	33,275	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	63,095	30,015	33,080	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	66,610	31,750	34,855	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	70,275	34,105	36,170	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	78,430	38,660	39,770	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	71,535	34,715	36,825	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	58,985	28,345	30,645	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	152,850	68,505	84,350	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	51,365	24,515	26,850	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	36,095	16,925	19,175	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	26,030	11,835	14,195	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	18,885	8,205	10,680	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	20,475	7,025	13,450	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	12,265	4,665	7,600	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	6,265	1,935	4,335	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	1,715	395	1,320	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	230	30	200	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.5	16.0	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.3	67.4	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	15.4	14.2	16.6	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	2.1	1.5	2.6	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	40.2	39.2	41.0	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	40.2	39.2	41.1	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	395,400	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	175,415	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	68,705	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	150,325	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	21,015	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	80,200	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	7,665	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	40,945	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	500	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	950	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	395,395	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	109,775	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	132,710	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	61,685	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	58,910	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	32,315	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	973,340	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	825,755	397,885	427,870	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	468,630	234,210	234,415	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	391,570	195,370	196,205	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	77,055	38,845	38,215	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	357,125	163,675	193,455	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	246,635	129,070	117,565	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	22,285	9,065	13,220	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	48,190	17,480	30,710	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	40,015	8,060	31,955	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	272,295	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	132,770	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	58,260	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	56,950	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	24,310	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	272,300	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	228,930	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	190,425	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	38,510	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	43,365	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	34,410	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	8,950	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	228,935	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	107,340	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	121,590	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	45,535	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	53,280	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	22,770	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	43,365	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	25,430	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	12,725	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	5,210	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	174,720	81,210	93,515	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	395,395	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	259,885	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	102,240	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	157,645	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	6,100	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	129,410	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	109,775	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	19,635	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	980,275	477,545	502,730	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	573,635	291,670	281,965	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	15,505	6,365	9,140	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	377,300	174,030	203,275	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	13,835	5,485	8,345	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	980,275	477,545	502,730	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	782,875	386,960	395,920	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	162,195	74,990	87,200	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	21,715	10,280	11,440	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	13,490	5,315	8,175	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	173,050	80,130	92,920	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	17.7	16.8	18.5	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	980,275	477,545	502,730	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	945,480	460,995	484,490	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	743,155	365,640	377,520	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	592,890	295,680	297,210	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	150,265	69,960	80,305	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	202,325	95,355	106,970	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	670	250	420	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	285	120	165	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	155	70	85	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	5	5	5
Moose Cree	5	5	5	85	40	45
Naskapi	5	5	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	20	10	10	55	25	30
Plains Cree	10	5	5	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	355	135	225
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	75	35	45	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	10	90	40	50
Malecite	5	5	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	20	5	15	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	105	35	70	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	25	10	20	65	30	35
Ojibway	70	25	50	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	5	5	0	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dene	5	0	5	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	340	110	225	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	5	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	310	100	210	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	30	10	20	710	300	410
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	25	10	15	590	255	335
Oneida	0	0	0	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	20	5	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	201,660	95,105	106,555	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	44,435	22,250	22,180	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	375	195	175	725	405	320
Kabyle	250	130	115	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	125	70	60	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	6,660	2,875	3,785	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	50	25	20	250	140	110
Oromo	215	120	100	1,445	720	730
Somali	6,305	2,680	3,620	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	90	45	50	225	115	110
Semitic languages	37,345	19,150	18,190	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	1,455	685	770	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	34,375	17,720	16,655	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	45	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	60	30	30	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	360	190	165	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	35	15	20	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	905	440	465	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	35	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,060	3,240	3,825	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,100	490	615	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	5,950	2,750	3,200	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	7,830	2,850	4,985	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	30	10	15	595	260	330
Cebuano	370	125	245	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	0	0	5	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	115	40	75	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	570	225	350	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	55	30	30	100	45	55
Malay	400	160	235	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	15	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	30	10	20	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,075	2,175	3,895	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	40	15	30	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	120	45	80	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	4,245	1,770	2,470	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	300	130	170	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	3,760	1,555	2,205	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	180	85	100	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	3,815	1,970	1,845	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	225	115	105	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	665	345	315	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	2,420	1,230	1,185	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	485	270	220	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	88,555	42,135	46,415	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	660	325	335	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	465	240	230	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	20,565	9,220	11,345	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	470	200	270	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	255	115	140	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	215	90	125	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	20,095	9,020	11,075	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	45	20	20	515	230	280
Bosnian	600	280	325	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	850	395	460	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	1,020	475	550	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	940	415	520	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	60	30	35	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	5,615	2,530	3,085	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	6,210	2,705	3,500	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	1,715	820	895	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	520	255	265	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	585	265	320	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	215	90	125	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	1,670	720	955	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	115	55	60	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	40	20	15	450	210	240
Welsh	50	20	35	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	225	120	110
Germanic languages	9,330	4,280	5,050	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	165	80	80	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	320	145	175	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	2,460	1,180	1,280	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	45	25	20	1,240	630	620
German	5,630	2,500	3,130	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	20	10	10	210	100	110
Norwegian	140	60	80	940	405	540
Swedish	280	145	140	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	30	45	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	180	100	75	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	170	80	85
Greek	2,145	1,125	1,025	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	27,060	13,635	13,425	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	18,425	9,295	9,130	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	3,260	1,620	1,640	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	1,480	770	715	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	2,885	1,480	1,405	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	25	10	15	345	170	175
Konkani	105	55	50	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	285	145	145	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	920	440	485	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	20	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,895	2,005	1,890	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	265	120	145	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	815	390	420	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	4,440	2,240	2,200	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	8,545	4,290	4,255	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	655	340	310	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	1,025	520	510	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	6,865	3,430	3,435	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	95	60	40	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	28,210	13,255	14,950	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	30	15	15	285	150	135
Italian	9,150	4,535	4,615	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	4,290	2,015	2,280	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	2,585	1,170	1,410	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	12,130	5,515	6,620	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	420	200	215
Japanese	1,000	305	695	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	35	10	20	1,200	635	565
Georgian	35	15	20	1,200	635	565
Korean	2,070	880	1,195	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	35	20	15	405	180	220
Mongolian	30	15	15	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	5,420	2,385	3,035	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	355	175	185	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	75	30	45	140	60	80
Edo	35	20	15	1,140	475	670
Ewe	75	25	50	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	100	50	50	365	180	185
Ga	60	35	30	600	275	325
Ganda	125	60	65	760	360	400
Igbo	185	95	95	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	325	120	205	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	845	360	485	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	655	240	415	1,330	545	785
Shona	110	45	70	1,455	660	790
Swahili	1,110	490	620	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	80	35	45	290	145	150
Yoruba	235	125	115	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,035	490	545	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	305	140	165	1,610	810	800
Dinka	90	40	45	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	220	95	120	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	230	115	120	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	80	30	45	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	145	75	65	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	32,015	14,865	17,150	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	31,205	14,470	16,730	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	10,185	4,785	5,395	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	155	65	90	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	18,610	8,585	10,030	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	50	20	30	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	725	315	415	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	445	205	245	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,020	490	530	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	815	395	415	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	225	115	110	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	325	155	170	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	90	50	40	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	170	75	95	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	700	250	450	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	345	155	190	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	350	90	260	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkic languages	1,660	845	820	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	125	70	55	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	1,400	715	690	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	10	5	5	515	255	260
Uzbek	65	30	35	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	640	295	345
Uralic languages	2,095	990	1,105	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	155	75	85	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	310	125	185	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	1,630	790	835	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	145	85	60	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	34,790	16,555	18,240	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	13,195	6,260	6,935	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	15,275	7,410	7,865	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	3,880	1,760	2,120	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	2,445	1,125	1,325	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	980,275	477,545	502,725	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	921,640	449,890	471,750	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	821,805	402,875	418,930	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	716,540	354,510	362,030	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	105,260	48,360	56,905	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	99,840	47,020	52,815	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	210	90	120	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	75	30	40	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55	20	35	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	5	5	10	10	5
Naskapi	5	5	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	20	10	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	30	15	15	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	5	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	5	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	135	55	80	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	115	45	75	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	99,625	46,930	52,695	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	24,690	11,865	12,820	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	220	110	115	345	175	170
Kabyle	185	85	95	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	3,855	1,580	2,275	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	25	15	15	170	80	85
Oromo	130	65	60	805	380	425
Somali	3,645	1,475	2,170	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	110	50	65
Semitic languages	20,600	10,170	10,425	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	840	400	445	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	19,120	9,465	9,655	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	15	20	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	15	5	10	555	250	305
Hebrew	135	75	60	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	5	5	5	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	415	195	220	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,155	1,905	2,250	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	465	200	260	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	3,690	1,700	1,985	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	3,340	1,400	1,940	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	5	5	5	90	35	55
Cebuano	125	50	70	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	45	15	25	910	385	530
Ilocano	230	110	120	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	20	10	5	35	15	20
Malay	120	50	65	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	445	200	250
Pangasinan	10	5	5	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,745	1,130	1,615	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	380	175	200
Creole languages	1,850	760	1,095	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	155	70	90	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	1,630	655	970	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	30	35	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	1,845	910	940	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	75	40	35	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	285	145	135	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	1,280	615	670	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	195	105	90	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	37,570	17,795	19,775	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	295	145	155	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	205	95	110	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	8,995	4,225	4,770	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	105	45	60	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	60	25	35	860	350	515
Lithuanian	50	20	30	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	8,890	4,185	4,705	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	20	15	10	175	80	90
Bosnian	305	155	150	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	400	190	210	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	330	150	180	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	220	105	115	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	15	10	5	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	2,010	925	1,085	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	3,645	1,700	1,945	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	1,010	505	505	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	200	105	95	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	195	95	110	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	510	235	275	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	355	160	190
Celtic languages	10	5	0	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	60	30	25
Welsh	0	5	0	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	35	20	15
Germanic languages	1,000	465	530	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	40	20	20	755	365	390
Danish	25	10	10	280	135	150
Dutch	170	80	90	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	5	0	0	90	45	45
German	685	305	375	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	30
Norwegian	10	5	10	70	30	40
Swedish	55	35	15	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	145	60	85
Yiddish	15	5	5	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	655	315	340
Greek	635	300	330	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	14,710	7,180	7,530	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	9,620	4,755	4,860	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	1,950	940	1,010	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	615	315	300	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	1,290	650	635	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	5	5	5	65	30	35
Konkani	35	15	20	540	260	280
Marathi	110	50	60	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	735	360	370	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	10	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,195	1,110	1,090	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	60	25	35	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	385	190	195	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	2,220	1,095	1,125	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	5,070	2,410	2,660	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	375	195	180	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	645	310	335	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	4,050	1,905	2,145	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	11,720	5,380	6,340	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	20	5	15	135	60	75
Italian	2,520	1,120	1,395	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	1,865	870	990	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	1,200	560	640	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	6,120	2,820	3,295	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	110	50	60
Japanese	390	135	255	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	770	420	355
Georgian	5	5	5	775	420	355
Korean	1,145	525	615	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	15	10	5	225	115	110
Mongolian	15	10	5	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	1,480	660	820	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	125	60	65	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	15	5	5	25	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	305	120	180
Ewe	20	10	15	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	15	110	55	55
Ga	15	5	10	175	80	100
Ganda	30	10	20	195	85	110
Igbo	55	25	30	540	265	275
Lingala	75	25	50	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	265	130	135	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	230	80	145	420	160	260
Shona	20	15	5	455	210	245
Swahili	380	175	205	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	35	15	15	130	65	65
Yoruba	50	25	30	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	145	65	80	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	75	35	45	550	260	290
Dinka	30	15	10	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	425	195	225
Sign languages	330	175	150	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	110	55	60	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	5	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	205	115	85	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	21,070	9,970	11,110	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	20,495	9,690	10,805	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	5,845	2,685	3,160	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	50	20	30	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	13,470	6,440	7,030	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	15	5	10	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	280	115	165	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	250	120	130	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	580	300	275	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	580	275	300	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	145	70	80	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	250	120	125	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	70	40	35	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	110	45	65	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	260	105	160	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	170	70	95	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	95	35	65	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	860	420	440	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	50	25	25	770	385	380
Turkish	750	360	385	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	0	0	0	290	150	140
Uzbek	35	15	20	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	250	130	120
Uralic languages	505	240	270	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	20	10	10	790	290	500
Finnish	40	20	20	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	445	210	235	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	465	245	225
Multiple responses	58,635	27,655	30,980	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	13,550	6,225	7,325	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	36,975	17,850	19,130	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	3,350	1,420	1,930	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	4,755	2,165	2,590	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	980,275	477,545	502,730	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	750,025	370,115	379,910	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	88,080	41,670	46,410	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	64,680	29,735	34,950	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	68,435	31,920	36,510	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	420	155	265	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	68,015	31,765	36,245	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	2,630	1,230	1,395	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	2,475	1,155	1,320	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	3,860	1,675	2,190	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	85	45	40	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	807,620	390,280	417,345	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	772,670	373,435	399,230	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,048	48,685	37,030	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	772,950	373,475	399,475	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,276	42,389	33,232	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	704,780	345,535	359,245	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,860	48,953	35,936	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	532,035	235,840	296,195	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,349	1,499	4,437	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	580,875	292,860	288,015	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,100	46,359	36,799	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	807,620	390,260	417,360	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	772,630	373,260	399,365	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,379	62,447	46,838	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	772,925	373,280	399,640	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,295	49,942	39,022	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	704,980	345,345	359,630	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,465	63,309	45,972	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	531,805	235,725	296,080	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,802	6,131	7,337	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	580,870	292,325	288,550	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,798	60,064	45,437	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	807,620	390,260	417,365	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	298,675	161,305	137,365	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	65,140	70,402	60,342	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,515	81,525	66,283	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	91.4	93.8	88.3	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.9	75.1	70.1	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	8.6	6.2	11.7	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	807,625	390,275	417,345	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	34,955	16,835	18,120	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	772,670	373,440	399,230	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.7	95.7	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	103,950	47,405	56,545	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	113,765	47,120	66,645	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	82,805	34,910	47,895	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	71,120	30,960	40,165	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	68,220	30,170	38,045	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	62,465	28,860	33,600	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	55,415	27,370	28,050	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	44,980	23,610	21,375	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	39,150	21,115	18,035	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	34,255	18,320	15,940	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	96,540	63,595	32,945	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	68,545	43,325	25,220	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	27,995	20,270	7,720	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	807,620	390,275	417,345	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	34,675	16,805	17,870	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	772,950	373,475	399,470	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.7	95.7	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	108,525	48,305	60,215	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	118,390	49,445	68,945	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	95,735	40,970	54,770	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	87,890	38,615	49,270	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	84,235	38,265	45,975	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	73,490	36,150	37,335	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	58,300	31,250	27,055	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	48,540	26,290	22,250	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	97,850	64,185	33,660	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	34,395	20,395	13,995	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	20,160	13,120	7,040	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	43,290	30,665	12,620	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	807,620	390,275	417,345	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	226,750	97,415	129,335	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	580,875	292,860	288,015	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	71.9	75.0	69.0	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	71,280	34,655	36,625	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	42,925	19,315	23,610	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	69,155	31,400	37,760	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	53,690	24,925	28,765	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	47,910	22,590	25,320	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	46,225	21,150	25,075	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	44,100	20,320	23,775	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	39,370	19,255	20,110	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	31,940	16,715	15,225	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	134,275	82,530	51,745	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	31,530	16,595	14,935	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	28,195	15,170	13,025	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	74,550	50,765	23,785	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	395,395	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,451	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,131	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	109,775	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,185	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,886	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	285,620	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,070	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,207	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	395,400	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	106,259	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,589	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	109,785	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	56,344	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,895	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	285,615	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,445	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,230	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	395,400	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	6,375	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5,015	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	9,355	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,855	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10,890	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	11,400	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	11,760	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	12,275	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	12,820	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	12,845	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	26,240	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	26,215	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	24,725	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	24,015	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	22,800	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	166,805	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	47,000	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35,240	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45,055	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	39,515	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	395,395	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	6,755	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5,090	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	9,490	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	12,345	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	12,195	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	12,945	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	14,055	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15,360	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	16,165	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	16,495	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	33,045	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	31,180	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30,120	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	27,595	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	24,185	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	128,385	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	47,220	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	32,500	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	48,665	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	270,710	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,922	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,466	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	99,935	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,436	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,053	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	122,125	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,389	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,206	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40,750	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,872	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,740	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	270,725	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,471	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,578	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	100,105	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	119,861	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,589	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	122,105	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	153,868	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,274	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40,635	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,377	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,278	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	153,895	72,850	81,050	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	38,696	37,447	39,700	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	34,592	33,423	35,423	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	153,450	72,355	81,095	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	48,903	48,930	48,879	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	40,373	40,063	40,650	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	973,345	474,575	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	371,130	177,095	194,040	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	89,760	44,080	45,680	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	71,735	33,320	38,415	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	65,310	30,895	34,410	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	67,935	32,280	35,655	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	76,395	36,520	39,875	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	602,210	297,480	304,725	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	86,800	41,630	45,170	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	99,625	48,465	51,165	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	118,395	58,370	60,025	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	146,150	72,580	73,565	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	151,240	76,440	74,800	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	973,340	474,580	498,765	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	200,180	101,865	98,315	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	63,015	32,085	30,935	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	632,875	308,060	324,815	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	140,285	64,655	75,630	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	118,870	56,280	62,585	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	31,065	16,070	14,995	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	10,460	5,445	5,010	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	74,715	35,085	39,630	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	13,090	5,125	7,960	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	11.9	12.5	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	15.5	15.8	15.3	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	16.6	17.0	16.2	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	11.4	12.2	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	9.3	7.9	10.5	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	100,200	48,785	51,410	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	22,975	11,835	11,140	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	7,870	4,115	3,750	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	68,950	33,805	35,140	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	8,280	3,150	5,130	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.3	10.3	10.3	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.6	11.3	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	12.8	12.1	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	10.9	11.0	10.8	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	5.9	4.9	6.8	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	973,345	474,575	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	959,580	469,135	490,445	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	944,480	463,200	481,280	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	390,515	178,975	211,540	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	279,535	131,115	148,415	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	1,145	430	720	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	500	195	300	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	10	0	0	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	205	80	125	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	10	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	10	145	70	75
Naskapi	20	10	10	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	65	25	45
Plains Cree	10	0	0	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	50	20	35	605	255	350
Woods Cree	20	10	10	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	85	30	50	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	180	95	85
Malecite	10	10	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	265	100	165	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	45	20	20	205	95	105
Ojibway	205	70	130	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	10	10	10	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	15	0	0	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	590	220	370	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	10	10	0	10
Inuktitut	530	200	335	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	50	15	40	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	0	0	0	120	35	85
Mohawk	50	15	40	1,625	710	915
Oneida	0	0	0	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	180	65	110
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	278,450	130,715	147,730	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	61,725	30,965	30,760	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	540	285	255	925	505	415
Kabyle	420	220	195	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	125	65	60	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	9,300	4,160	5,140	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	85	55	35	355	200	160
Oromo	380	175	205	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	8,770	3,895	4,870	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	370	170	205
Semitic languages	52,885	26,995	25,890	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	1,985	940	1,040	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	48,310	24,775	23,540	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	80	30	45	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	35	20	15	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	1,865	1,010	855	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	65	25	40	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	1,175	490	680	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	240	150	90	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	135	65	75	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,710	4,115	4,595	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,530	685	845	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	7,225	3,450	3,780	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	10,210	3,785	6,425	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	30	10	20	755	340	425
Cebuano	575	210	365	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	10	0	10	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	165	55	110	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	705	295	405	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	100	55	50	215	115	100
Malay	620	270	345	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	65	20	40	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	60	25	35	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	9,150	3,320	5,835	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	35	10	30	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	110	50	60	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	9,515	3,995	5,520	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	475	180	295	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	8,445	3,545	4,900	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	640	285	355	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	5,065	2,555	2,505	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	470	235	235	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	835	375	455	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	3,335	1,705	1,625	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	795	420	375	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	30	25	10	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	0	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	133,050	62,565	70,485	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	785	385	410	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	660	350	315	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	24,820	11,365	13,460	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	530	230	305	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	260	105	155	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	270	120	150	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	24,380	11,170	13,220	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	125	60	65	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	1,025	475	550	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	1,055	485	570	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	1,850	915	930	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	1,345	580	760	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	95	35	60	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	6,605	3,020	3,580	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	9,230	4,255	4,975	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	2,085	1,020	1,070	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	570	295	275	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	930	390	535	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	275	125	145	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	2,355	995	1,360	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	55	15	45	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	405	195	205	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	155	75	75	1,480	720	765
Welsh	90	35	55	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	165	90	75	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	17,645	8,410	9,240	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	410	205	205	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	435	190	245	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	3,135	1,480	1,650	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	70	25	35	1,655	820	835
German	12,825	6,120	6,705	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	45	20	25	285	130	155
Norwegian	345	145	200	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	605	295	310	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	85	35	45	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	355	185	170	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	3,155	1,595	1,555	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	35,455	17,970	17,480	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	25,920	13,170	12,745	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	4,250	2,185	2,070	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	2,275	1,225	1,050	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	10,390	5,375	5,015	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	10	0	0	600	300	300
Konkani	140	75	65	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	575	310	260	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	1,270	640	635	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	75	40	30	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,285	3,245	3,040	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	500	225	275	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,065	485	585	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	7,210	3,615	3,600	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	10,055	5,085	4,975	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	755	400	355	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	1,400	755	645	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	8,680	4,350	4,330	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	200	120	85	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	55,550	24,915	30,630	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	80	30	45	515	275	240
Italian	15,665	7,470	8,195	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	6,250	3,085	3,165	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	2,890	1,350	1,545	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	33,950	14,535	19,415	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	110	65	45	1,355	745	605
Japanese	2,525	1,200	1,330	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	40	15	25	1,555	775	780
Georgian	40	20	20	1,555	770	785
Korean	2,585	1,095	1,490	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	40	20	20	515	225	285
Mongolian	40	25	15	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	10,655	4,710	5,950	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	630	330	300	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	155	75	85	385	195	185
Edo	95	35	55	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	205	80	125	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	165	70	95	700	320	375
Ga	160	85	75	1,340	645	695
Ganda	210	65	145	1,225	550	675
Igbo	305	165	140	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	1,770	745	1,030	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,590	650	945	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	970	360	610	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	175	60	115	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	3,070	1,340	1,735	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	205	110	95	730	355	375
Yoruba	755	395	355	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,290	1,050	1,240	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	325	140	185	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	190	85	105	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	50	75	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	1,730	700	1,030	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	910	315	590	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	105	30	75	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	770	370	395	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	36,535	17,260	19,275	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	35,645	16,830	18,815	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	12,725	6,020	6,705	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	265	125	145	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	24,590	11,360	13,235	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	40	15	25	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,035	470	565	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	415	205	215	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,015	535	480	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	920	440	480	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	305	145	165	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	370	185	185	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	55	30	25	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	360	155	205	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	1,020	415	605	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	460	205	255	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	625	235	390	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkic languages	2,425	1,210	1,215	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	140	80	60	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	2,090	1,050	1,040	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	40	25	15	700	350	345
Uzbek	80	20	60	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	125	60	65	915	450	465
Uralic languages	2,645	1,280	1,365	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	245	120	125	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	495	225	270	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	1,915	940	975	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	385	250	135	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	973,345	474,575	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	910,260	444,570	465,690	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	190,375	96,850	93,525	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	719,885	347,720	372,165	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	63,085	30,005	33,075	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	973,345	474,575	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	738,430	363,910	374,520	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	219,705	102,820	116,885	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	55,325	26,585	28,740	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	30,100	14,405	15,695	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	50,115	22,705	27,410	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	53,920	24,755	29,165	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	25,420	11,625	13,790	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	28,505	13,130	15,375	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	30,250	14,370	15,875	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	15,210	7,850	7,355	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	219,705	102,820	116,885	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	24,320	12,010	12,310	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	39,325	19,975	19,350	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	46,175	20,750	25,425	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	91,205	41,795	49,410	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	18,680	8,290	10,390	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	219,705	102,820	116,885	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	33,440	14,555	18,880	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	1,000	450	545	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	1,275	490	790	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	1,735	800	935	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	1,395	650	740	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	6,440	2,665	3,775	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	3,020	1,295	1,725	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	1,330	540	785	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	825	370	455	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	1,265	495	770	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,555	3,825	4,730	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	6,600	2,970	3,630	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	57,260	27,370	29,885	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,620	785	830	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	810	385	425	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	2,350	1,060	1,295	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	4,150	1,770	2,385	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	930	495	440	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	845	430	415	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	845	380	460	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	5,455	2,810	2,645	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	2,100	1,055	1,045	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	4,215	1,890	2,320	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	2,010	1,020	985	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	2,420	1,140	1,280	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	2,900	1,245	1,655	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	880	415	460	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	1,795	850	945	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	16,500	8,305	8,195	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	7,440	3,335	4,105	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	30,575	14,055	16,520	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	1,055	495	555	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	3,420	1,790	1,630	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	2,215	1,020	1,195	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	1,070	545	525	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	1,235	565	670	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	1,270	585	690	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	3,895	1,495	2,405	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	875	455	420	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	15,545	7,110	8,440	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	97,595	46,385	51,205	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	2,395	1,215	1,180	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	2,655	1,375	1,275	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	17,480	7,600	9,885	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	3,025	1,515	1,510	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	10,560	5,300	5,260	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	4,400	2,190	2,210	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	3,555	1,905	1,650	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	735	180	555	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,695	745	950	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	11,065	5,785	5,280	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	3,845	1,930	1,920	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	8,915	3,355	5,560	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	2,335	1,105	1,230	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,125	1,595	1,525	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	840	360	480	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	5,610	2,570	3,040	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	15,340	7,655	7,690	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	840	450	390	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	30,250	14,370	15,880	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	4,130	1,865	2,265	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	140	80	60	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	195	80	110	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	130	65	60	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	1,310	555	755	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	115	65	50	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	245	100	145	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,185	590	595	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	125	35	90	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	700	290	405	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	2,590	1,260	1,330	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	280	155	130	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	160	75	90	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	70	45	25	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	35	15	20	880	400	480
Romania	120	60	60	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	350	145	205	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	215	105	110	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	625	315	305	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	730	340	380	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	6,195	2,795	3,395	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	135	50	85	415	180	240
Cameroon	330	165	165	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	725	270	455	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	170	55	115	605	245	360
Egypt	780	420	365	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	250	115	130	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	330	120	215	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	170	75	95	655	275	375
Nigeria	385	170	215	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	360	150	210	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	100	50	55	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	105	40	65	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	2,360	1,125	1,235	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	17,195	8,380	8,815	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	530	270	265	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	535	265	265	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,590	1,100	1,490	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	80	45	35	1,985	800	1,190
India	1,925	1,060	870	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	775	365	415	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	1,075	565	515	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	190	105	85	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	105	25	85	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	215	75	145	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	900	480	420	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	290	160	130	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	640	350	290	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	2,640	1,090	1,545	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	365	205	160	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	220	95	120	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,820	980	835	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	40	20	20	1,015	435	580
Turkey	185	95	90	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	340	210	135	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	200	80	115	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	1,540	730	805	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	140	75	70	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	125	70	50	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	20	0	20	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	973,345	474,575	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	244,535	115,650	128,885	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	196,210	98,430	97,785	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	532,600	260,500	272,100	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	167,450	77,755	89,690	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	77,245	38,495	38,750	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	32,120	19,715	12,400	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	45,130	18,780	26,345	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	48,390	19,090	29,300	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	39,835	19,355	20,485	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,980	815	1,160	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	973,340	474,580	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	25,035	11,860	13,170	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	23,790	11,335	12,455	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	12,160	5,790	6,370	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	10,450	5,015	5,435	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	1,175	530	645	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	565	235	330	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	680	290	385	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	948,310	462,715	485,600	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	973,340	474,575	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	6,420	2,955	3,460	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	966,920	471,620	495,300	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	973,345	474,580	498,770	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	4,515	1,990	2,520	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	4,430	1,955	2,475	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	2,905	1,300	1,605	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	995	410	585	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	530	245	280	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	80	35	40	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	60	30	25	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	0	10	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	10	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	42,030	19,625	22,405	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	40,920	19,180	21,740	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	28,230	13,090	15,140	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,785	5,680	6,105	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	905	410	495	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,110	445	665	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,010	410	600	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	25	35	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	30	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	926,795	452,960	473,840	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	973,345	474,575	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	243,115	117,065	126,055	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	38,980	19,825	19,150	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	41,155	19,530	21,625	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	60,975	28,545	32,430	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	12,135	4,845	7,290	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	11,350	5,105	6,245	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	41,120	21,430	19,685	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	12,410	5,875	6,535	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	9,010	4,595	4,420	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	2,960	1,345	1,620	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	2,440	1,015	1,425	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	2,655	1,195	1,465	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	7,925	3,760	4,165	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	730,225	357,510	372,710	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	973,340	474,580	498,765	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	46,545	21,615	24,930	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	32,285	14,855	17,425	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	1,555	700	860	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	13,905	6,550	7,355	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	302,950	148,550	154,395	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	4,015	1,955	2,060	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	12,375	6,115	6,260	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	291,710	142,875	148,830	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	40	25	15	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	745	465	280	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	105	65	40	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	365	165	200	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	920	470	450	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	30	20	10	675	375	300
European origins	623,750	304,380	319,370	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	412,015	201,785	210,235	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	100	30	70	1,120	530	590
Cornish	70	45	25	755	370	385
English	204,965	101,425	103,535	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	210,780	99,930	110,855	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	185	110	75	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	180,005	88,305	91,705	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	17,845	8,570	9,275	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	34,600	16,240	18,355	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	202,680	96,615	106,060	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	50	20	25	1,235	495	740
Breton	135	80	60	290	175	120
Corsican	55	40	15	205	125	85
French	202,595	96,560	106,035	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	120,640	58,840	61,800	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	5,940	2,910	3,030	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	70	20	45	450	225	230
Belgian	4,600	2,175	2,425	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	30,945	15,430	15,515	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	465	250	220	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	80	50	30	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	83,520	40,425	43,100	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	120	70	55	915	500	415
Swiss	4,610	2,250	2,360	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	135	60	75	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	24,220	12,170	12,050	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	5,395	2,790	2,605	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	4,005	2,020	1,980	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	1,495	695	795	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	6,560	3,280	3,285	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	7,095	3,415	3,680	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,535	885	645	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	88,575	42,555	46,025	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	1,455	680	775	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	835	405	430	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	3,705	1,705	1,995	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	740	320	420	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	975	435	540	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	8,780	4,330	4,450	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	1,085	460	625	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	2,450	1,210	1,245	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	375	155	220	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	33,470	15,990	17,480	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	6,340	3,060	3,275	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	15,620	7,220	8,405	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	2,580	1,210	1,370	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	26,015	12,585	13,435	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	1,040	550	480	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	83,445	40,735	42,710	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	1,080	530	550	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	1,270	600	670	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	15	0	0	285	180	110
Croatian	3,595	1,725	1,870	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	165	60	100	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	7,160	3,610	3,550	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	47,240	23,530	23,710	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	55	30	25	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	560	210	345	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	650	330	320	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	150	70	80	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	9,555	4,670	4,890	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	2,675	1,335	1,340	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	275	130	140	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	1,265	615	655	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	12,535	5,535	6,995	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	850	395	455	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	65	25	40	965	425	540
Other European origins	8,185	4,190	3,990	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	290	165	130	1,585	805	780
Jewish	5,820	3,005	2,815	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	80	40	40	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	195	100	100	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	1,850	930	920	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	26,070	11,745	14,325	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	270	150	115	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	160	105	50	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	1,260	535	725	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	100	55	45	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	105	35	75	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	1,135	515	620	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	720	315	405	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	300	155	140	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	70	20	50
Haitian	10,095	4,485	5,610	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	7,900	3,635	4,265	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	40	20	25	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	30	20	15	195	65	125
Montserratan	45	25	20	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	105	40	70	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	770	295	480	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,040	925	1,115	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	235	80	155	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,605	680	925	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,045	495	550	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	18,075	8,365	9,705	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	810	385	425	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	60	25	35	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	665	365	300	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	95	40	50	810	395	415
Bolivian	145	75	65	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	1,155	570	585	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	1,085	550	535	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	1,955	890	1,065	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	165	65	95	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	255	145	120	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	425	155	270	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	1,980	960	1,015	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	345	185	160	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	285	90	195	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	325	165	165	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	2,900	1,235	1,665	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	1,095	545	550	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	110	55	55	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	35	20	15	600	280	320
Peruvian	1,280	605	680	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	2,190	1,065	1,125	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	95	35	55	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	915	345	570	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,215	500	710	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	56,250	27,110	29,135	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	11,995	5,900	6,095	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	105	65	45	965	540	425
Angolan	195	85	110	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	20	10	0	1,205	620	585
Beninese	115	70	40	555	280	270
Burkinabe	285	125	160	415	190	225
Cameroonian	1,295	675	620	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	150	80	75	645	320	325
Congolese	3,950	1,760	2,190	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	50	25	25	1,025	545	480
Ewe	15	10	10	180	95	80
Gabonese	110	60	50	170	80	90
Gambian	35	20	15	630	305	330
Ghanaian	1,360	750	615	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	270	120	150	1,105	550	560
Ibo	110	50	55	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	510	220	295	1,350	600	745
Liberian	95	55	40	770	365	405
Malian	165	75	90	490	250	240
Malinké	75	45	35	345	160	185
Nigerian	2,030	1,045	985	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	65	40	30	135	80	55
Senegalese	360	175	185	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	100	40	55	1,175	585	585
Togolese	310	160	155	670	370	300
Wolof	35	25	10	80	45	35
Yoruba	345	210	135	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	885	450	435	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	12,970	6,675	6,300	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	1,345	670	680	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	890	480	415	1,845	985	860
Coptic	120	55	60	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	50	20	30	205	110	95
Egyptian	5,870	3,080	2,790	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	1,215	625	595	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	40	30	10	290	160	125
Moroccan	2,170	1,060	1,110	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	850	425	425	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	650	335	315	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	455	235	225	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	23,055	10,800	12,265	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	50	25	25	560	285	275
Amhara	70	50	25	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	370	170	200	870	455	415
Burundian	1,915	855	1,060	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	730	305	425	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	1,350	620	730	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	2,850	1,300	1,550	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	10	0	10	475	255	215
Kenyan	605	305	300	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	215	110	110	430	200	230
Mauritian	345	150	195	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	285	145	140	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	1,310	530	780	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	30	10	25	350	140	205
Somali	10,380	4,910	5,465	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	1,185	590	595	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	285	120	165	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	180	85	95	770	395	375
Ugandan	395	190	205	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	140	60	80	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	315	155	165	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	45	35	15	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,275	635	635	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	9,555	4,440	5,110	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,180	465	710	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	8,560	4,070	4,495	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	180,915	88,640	92,275	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	64,805	33,385	31,425	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	3,955	2,015	1,935	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	7,290	3,725	3,560	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	1,480	755	720	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	130	55	75	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	215	85	130	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	170	100	65	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	50	30	25	680	390	290
Iranian	6,855	3,440	3,420	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	4,730	2,510	2,225	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	720	390	335	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	1,475	800	680	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	155	75	80	1,325	610	715
Kurd	805	435	370	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	965	485	480	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	35	25	10	340	130	210
Lebanese	26,225	13,445	12,780	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	4,005	2,230	1,770	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	225	115	110	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	580	275	300	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	4,545	2,355	2,190	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	95	50	45	1,850	880	970
Tatar	150	55	95	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	2,915	1,535	1,375	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	105	55	50	695	345	355
Uighur	50	35	20	755	385	375
Uzbek	165	75	90	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	1,000	510	490	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,105	1,075	1,030	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	41,015	20,755	20,260	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	2,275	1,190	1,090	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	1,040	525	520	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	315	165	150	1,450	710	735
East Indian	27,910	14,145	13,770	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	125	70	55	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	180	110	75	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	50	15	35	1,795	900	895
Nepali	890	435	455	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	4,495	2,250	2,245	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	1,125	585	540	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	290	150	145	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	2,665	1,320	1,345	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	940	465	475	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,210	1,105	1,105	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	76,895	35,350	41,545	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	605	300	305	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,335	1,080	1,260	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	46,565	21,895	24,670	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	13,345	5,415	7,935	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	0	0	0	650	340	305
Indonesian	600	255	345	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	3,120	1,290	1,830	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	285	150	135	1,645	830	815
Korean	3,190	1,475	1,710	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	675	315	370	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	475	175	300	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	300	170	135	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	45	20	25	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	720	330	390	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	655	215	440	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	90	40	50	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	8,815	4,335	4,480	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	250	140	110	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	345	155	190	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	345	155	190	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	2,005	970	1,030	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	1,340	620	720	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	470	260	205	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	230	100	130	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	55	20	35	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	15	0	10	470	235	240
Maori	20	15	0	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	80	20	60	275	115	165
Samoan	45	30	10	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	40	20	15	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	395,395	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	263,665	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	131,730	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	395,395	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	58,980	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	336,420	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	395,400	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	2,495	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	54,470	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	81,215	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	152,300	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	104,920	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	395,395	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	102,015	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	51,030	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	57,330	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	58,305	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	126,715	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	395,395	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	389,455	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	5,945	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	395,400	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	377,565	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	17,830	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	395,395	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	68,830	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	118,425	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	66,525	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	47,930	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	31,235	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	32,520	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	29,930	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	395,395	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	374,220	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	21,175	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	395,400	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	220,745	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	164,600	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10,050	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	395,395	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	15,455	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	58,575	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	69,605	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	86,425	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	76,580	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	52,400	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	27,030	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	9,320	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	393,925	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	301,280	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	92,655	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	78,795	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	262,565	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.2	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	14.1	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,437	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,502	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,633	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	437,539	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	131,685	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.7	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	42.3	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,110	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,146	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	807,620	390,260	417,365	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	100,595	50,025	50,570	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	196,910	97,140	99,770	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	510,125	243,090	267,030	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35,080	22,300	12,785	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	19,050	10,560	8,490	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	16,030	11,740	4,295	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	164,390	73,040	91,350	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15,880	6,495	9,385	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	294,770	141,260	153,510	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	181,860	83,450	98,410	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	16,550	7,095	9,460	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,830	3,400	3,430	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	73,825	36,895	36,930	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	15,700	10,425	5,275	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	535,830	258,735	277,095	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	34,400	18,465	15,935	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	105,580	54,310	51,270	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	395,855	185,960	209,890	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	24,315	15,330	8,985	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	13,240	7,205	6,030	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	11,075	8,125	2,955	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	127,650	57,610	70,040	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,610	4,505	6,105	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	233,275	108,515	124,765	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	142,855	64,760	78,095	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	12,625	4,980	7,650	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,420	2,415	3,005	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	60,970	29,410	31,560	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	11,405	6,955	4,450	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	807,620	390,260	417,365	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	297,500	147,165	150,335	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	28,345	6,370	21,975	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	28,340	6,370	21,980	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	18,000	7,980	10,020	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,780	2,735	1,045	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	14,225	5,250	8,975	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	34,435	13,015	21,420	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	5,365	1,100	4,260	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	9,115	2,735	6,380	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,395	2,355	4,040	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	340	105	235	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,425	1,355	1,075	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,850	1,095	755	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	6,740	3,815	2,930	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	2,210	460	1,750	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90,825	34,690	56,130	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,445	390	1,055	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	9,500	3,380	6,120	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,550	810	8,745	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	14,310	5,395	8,910	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,835	505	1,330	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	13,650	3,430	10,225	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	40,535	20,790	19,750	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	99,390	42,425	56,965	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	185	85	100	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,290	2,985	7,310	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	88,910	39,350	49,560	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	26,930	13,755	13,170	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	13,270	5,460	7,810	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,940	1,950	1,980	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	290	65	220	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	8,630	5,960	2,670	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	800	315	485	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35,435	22,995	12,440	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	26,715	18,835	7,880	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	2,685	560	2,125	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,990	2,925	2,065	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,040	670	370	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	83,075	72,080	10,990	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	4,615	2,975	1,640	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	35,940	29,265	6,680	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	18,030	16,175	1,855	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	35	0	30	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	9,650	9,405	245	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10,980	10,640	340	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	3,815	3,615	200	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	7,460	4,075	3,385	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,240	2,450	1,785	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,220	1,615	1,605	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	63,255	13,605	49,650	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,150	2,950	3,200	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	54,910	9,495	45,420	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,190	1,165	1,025	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	22,910	12,070	10,840	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	12,130	3,620	8,510	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	810	670	145	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	490	445	40	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	6,960	5,045	1,915	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,520	2,295	225	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	70	30	40	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	25	40	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	535,835	258,735	277,095	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	139,980	72,775	67,205	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	19,665	4,205	15,460	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	19,665	4,205	15,455	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,845	6,090	7,760	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,890	2,010	880	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	10,960	4,075	6,880	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	24,670	9,245	15,425	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	4,185	815	3,365	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	6,530	1,960	4,570	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	4,440	1,640	2,800	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	260	75	190	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,705	975	735	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,270	785	480	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	4,925	2,770	2,160	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	1,355	225	1,130	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	72,455	26,620	45,840	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,180	295	885	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	7,595	2,680	4,920	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,535	640	6,895	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	12,055	4,120	7,930	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,490	425	1,070	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	10,485	2,515	7,970	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	32,110	15,945	16,165	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	79,090	33,005	46,085	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	165	70	90	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,215	2,305	5,910	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70,710	30,625	40,080	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	19,605	9,335	10,265	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10,060	3,915	6,150	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,775	1,330	1,440	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	220	55	165	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	6,000	3,845	2,160	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	555	195	360	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30,895	20,190	10,710	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	24,360	17,110	7,245	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	1,900	415	1,485	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,710	2,090	1,615	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	930	575	360	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	63,985	54,675	9,310	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	3,665	2,275	1,390	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	28,570	22,735	5,830	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	13,815	12,375	1,445	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	0	25	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	7,170	6,965	200	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,060	7,785	275	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	2,675	2,545	135	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,770	2,960	2,815	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,085	1,635	1,450	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,685	1,325	1,360	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	48,235	10,525	37,710	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,830	2,275	2,555	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	41,695	7,455	34,240	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,705	795	915	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	17,565	9,085	8,485	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	9,285	2,780	6,505	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	675	540	135	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	290	250	35	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	5,455	3,840	1,610	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,865	1,670	195	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	65	30	35	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	30	40	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	807,620	390,260	417,360	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	297,500	147,170	150,335	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	510,120	243,090	267,030	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	431,055	205,015	226,045	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	352,025	167,175	184,855	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	79,030	37,840	41,190	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	79,065	38,080	40,985	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,990	6,690	5,300	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	4,455	1,370	3,090	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	5,555	2,680	2,875	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	9,870	5,550	4,320	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	6,255	2,860	3,395	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	2,100	1,050	1,050	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	38,830	17,880	20,950	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	535,835	258,735	277,100	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	139,980	72,775	67,200	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	395,850	185,960	209,895	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	336,995	158,885	178,110	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	276,550	130,080	146,475	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	60,445	28,810	31,640	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	58,855	27,070	31,780	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	8,620	4,570	4,050	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	3,855	1,160	2,690	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	3,955	1,850	2,105	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	5,680	3,085	2,595	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	4,585	2,025	2,560	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	1,680	820	855	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	30,480	13,555	16,925	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	807,625	390,260	417,360	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	545,635	277,955	267,680	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	506,990	257,430	249,565	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	38,640	20,530	18,115	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	261,985	112,305	149,680	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	67.6	71.2	64.1	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	62.8	66.0	59.8	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.4	6.8	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	807,620	390,260	417,365	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	248,270	106,310	141,960	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	559,350	283,950	275,400	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	305,870	166,205	139,665	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	253,480	117,745	135,735	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.8	42.9	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	545,635	277,960	267,680	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,940	6,445	6,500	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	532,695	271,510	261,185	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	477,995	238,650	239,340	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	54,700	32,860	21,845	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	545,635	277,955	267,680	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,940	6,445	6,495	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	532,690	271,515	261,180	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	64,085	38,635	25,450	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	97,110	32,580	64,530	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	64,140	48,445	15,690	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	34,690	7,965	26,720	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	86,190	31,275	54,910	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20,015	8,820	11,200	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	113,765	55,915	57,845	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	42,225	39,860	2,370	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,080	4,155	925	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,395	3,865	1,525	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	545,635	277,960	267,675	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,945	6,445	6,495	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	532,695	271,515	261,180	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,900	1,845	1,055	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	545	460	80	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	1,415	1,050	365	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	26,705	23,255	3,450	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	16,885	11,915	4,970	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	12,840	9,340	3,505	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	55,950	28,645	27,305	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15,835	11,725	4,110	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	14,435	9,060	5,375	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	17,485	8,105	9,380	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	9,555	5,165	4,390	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	53,680	32,710	20,975	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	430	155	270	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	23,460	14,265	9,195	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	43,325	14,415	28,905	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	58,020	12,175	45,845	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10,565	5,170	5,400	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	35,310	17,550	17,760	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	22,345	9,070	13,285	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	111,000	55,420	55,580	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	506,995	257,425	249,565	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	36,895	18,435	18,460	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	2,155	1,485	675	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	43,280	30,965	12,315	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	424,660	206,545	218,115	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	424,660	206,545	218,115	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	376,580	181,850	194,730	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,360	655	700	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	24,595	12,785	11,810	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	22,130	11,255	10,870	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	467,940	237,510	230,430	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	299,290	162,390	136,895	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	27,200	8,530	18,665	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	91,935	41,210	50,725	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	33,280	15,650	17,630	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	11,545	7,440	4,100	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	4,700	2,285	2,410	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	467,940	237,510	230,430	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	92,885	44,390	48,490	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	172,315	88,990	83,325	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	117,325	61,645	55,675	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	50,220	24,865	25,355	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	35,200	17,610	17,585	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	467,940	237,510	230,430	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	22,325	14,835	7,490	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	83,850	46,200	37,650	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	136,490	65,355	71,135	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	112,410	53,805	58,610	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	52,700	25,205	27,490	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	60,160	32,105	28,055	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	575,030	291,650	283,375	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	545,800	278,345	267,460	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	542,310	276,590	265,720	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	510,345	264,295	246,050	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	31,965	12,290	19,675	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	3,485	1,750	1,735	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	30	0	30	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	10	20	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	10	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,455	1,745	1,710	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	610	360	250	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	0	20	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	20	0	20	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	590	360	230	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	10	0	0	75	30	45
Arabic	560	345	220	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	15	10	395	140	260
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	50	90	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	95	50	50
Vietnamese	140	50	90	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	20	15	10	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	0	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	10	10	0	75	45	30
Tamil	10	0	0	1,870	900	975
Telugu	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	900	400	505	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	0	0	0	275	170	105
Armenian	0	0	10	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	270	90	175	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages	265	90	180	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	100	55	40
Bulgarian	10	10	0	120	85	40
Croatian	0	10	0	155	100	50
Czech	0	0	0	25	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Polish	45	15	30	1,925	960	960
Russian	145	40	110	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	25	10	15	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	30	10	15	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	0
Germanic languages	135	65	75	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Dutch	15	10	10	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	95	45	50	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	10	0	10	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	10	10	0	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	120	60	60	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	20	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	10	10	0	335	160	170
Gujarati	0	0	0	730	255	475
Hindi	20	15	0	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Nepali	0	0	10	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Urdu	20	15	10	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	60	25	35	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	0	0	0	105	95	15
Pashto	10	0	10	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	50	20	30	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	365	180	185	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	45	30	10	945	505	445
Portuguese	85	60	30	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	0	0	0	300	140	160
Spanish	235	95	145	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	60	25	30	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	85	45	40	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	15
Igbo	10	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	15	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	25	810	295	515
American Sign Language	35	15	20	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430	750	680	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	1,425	745	675	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	555	315	240	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mandarin	820	395	430	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	35	10	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	90	50	45
Burmese	10	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	25	10	235	95	145
Lao	15	10	0	80	40	35
Thai	25	15	10	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	20	10	15	440	295	140
Uyghur	10	10	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	420	205	220
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Finnish	10	10	10	75	25	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple responses	29,230	13,310	15,920	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	25,160	11,350	13,815	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	3,295	1,605	1,690	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	70	20	50	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	710	340	370	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	575,030	291,655	283,375	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	430,960	225,245	205,715	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	23,405	9,745	13,665	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	109,935	51,355	58,590	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	9,205	4,630	4,570	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	130	50	85	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	9,070	4,585	4,485	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	120	40	80	245	100	150
English and non-official language	145	65	75	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	1,250	575	675	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	963,460	469,570	493,890	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	835,235	406,670	428,560	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	128,230	62,900	65,330	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	88,220	43,300	44,915	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	40,010	19,600	20,415	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	27,520	13,310	14,215	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	16,465	7,835	8,630	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	11,060	5,475	5,580	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	12,490	6,290	6,200	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	921,485	448,425	473,060	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	559,325	271,590	287,730	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	362,160	176,830	185,330	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	235,705	115,115	120,590	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	126,455	61,720	64,740	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	84,760	40,800	43,960	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	50,860	24,310	26,550	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	33,900	16,490	17,415	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	41,695	20,920	20,775	549,965	271,080	278,885