Census Profile, 2016 Census
Québec [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Québec Quebec [Census metropolitan area]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Québec [Census metropolitan area], Quebec  Map : Québec [Census metropolitan area], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	800,296	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	767,310 r	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.3	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	382,308	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	361,891	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	234.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,408.70	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	800,295	390,780	409,520	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	124,495	63,425	61,065	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	42,760	21,925	20,835	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	43,985	22,405	21,575	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	37,755	19,100	18,655	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	522,130	260,475	261,660	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	38,400	19,515	18,885	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	51,325	25,500	25,820	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	51,910	26,115	25,795	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	52,670	26,905	25,765	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	55,760	28,280	27,480	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	48,220	24,570	23,655	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	47,675	23,895	23,780	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	58,400	28,995	29,405	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	61,395	29,880	31,510	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	56,370	26,810	29,565	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	153,670	66,880	86,795	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	50,730	24,005	26,730	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	39,345	18,135	21,215	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	25,690	11,340	14,350	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	18,600	7,440	11,160	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	19,300	5,960	13,335	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	12,135	4,150	7,985	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	5,565	1,525	4,040	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	1,420	275	1,145	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	185	20	160	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	16.2	14.9	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	65.2	66.7	63.9	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	19.2	17.1	21.2	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.4	1.5	3.3	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	42.4	41.1	43.6	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	42.6	41.1	44.2	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	361,890	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	148,965	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	22,105	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	188,125	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	21,135	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	8,930	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	22,575	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	134,135	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,345	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	2,690	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	361,890	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	127,555	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	130,555	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	46,540	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	41,025	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	16,215	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	779,085	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	675,800	327,355	348,450	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	386,970	193,615	193,350	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	202,960	101,425	101,535	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	184,005	92,190	91,815	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	288,835	133,735	155,105	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	199,145	105,315	93,830	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	8,675	3,885	4,795	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	44,740	16,910	27,825	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	36,275	7,625	28,650	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	221,915	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	124,240	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	43,645	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	39,775	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	14,265	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	221,915	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	189,720	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	97,790	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	91,930	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	32,195	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	23,050	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	9,140	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	189,725	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	103,985	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	85,735	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	34,075	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	37,830	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	13,830	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	32,195	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	20,250	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	9,570	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	2,380	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	165,345	78,055	87,290	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	361,890	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	219,070	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	102,705	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	116,370	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,410	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	141,410	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	127,555	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	13,855	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	789,360	386,725	402,630	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	1,890	1,040	845	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	478,090	216,705	261,385	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	307,385	168,080	139,305	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	1,995	895	1,095	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	789,355	386,725	402,635	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	12,720	6,600	6,125	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	768,480	375,900	392,580	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	6,260	3,390	2,870	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	1,900	835	1,060	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	15,850	8,290	7,555	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	2.0	2.1	1.9	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	789,355	386,725	402,630	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	781,875	382,850	399,025	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	751,975	368,010	383,970	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	10,965	5,710	5,250	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	741,010	362,300	378,715	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	29,900	14,840	15,060	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	600	240	365	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	585	230	355	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	575	225	345	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	45	20	25	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	520	205	315	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	5	5	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	315	125	190
Plains Cree	0	0	0	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	15	5	10	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	0	0	0	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	0	0	0	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	10	5	10	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	10	5	10	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	0	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	29,295	14,605	14,695	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	6,040	3,380	2,665	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	745	420	330	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	390	215	180	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	360	205	150	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	45	25	25	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	0	0	0	805	455	350
Oromo	0	0	0	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	45	20	25	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	195	170
Semitic languages	5,220	2,925	2,295	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	5	0	5	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	5,195	2,910	2,280	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	0	0	0	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	10	5	0	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	0	5	0	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	10	5	5	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,280	605	670	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	400	180	220	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	870	420	445	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	395	160	245	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	0	0	0	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	25	5	25	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	5	0	5	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	220	100	120	1,430	665	760
Malay	25	10	15	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	0	0	0	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	30	65	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	575	270	310	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	50	25	25	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	525	240	275	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	30	20	15	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	0	0	0	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	5	5	0	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	15	10	5	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	10	5	0	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	15,930	7,685	8,245	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	210	105	105	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	65	30	35	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	2,625	1,230	1,395	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	25	15	10	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	15	10	5	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	10	5	0	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	2,600	1,215	1,385	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	0	0	0	810	385	430
Bosnian	640	325	315	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	235	110	125	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	100	50	45	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	40	20	25	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	5	5	0	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	305	140	165	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	675	280	400	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	160	80	75	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	280	130	150	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	25	15	15	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	125	55	65	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	5	0	0	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	1,090	540	550
Welsh	0	0	5	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	530	295	235
Germanic languages	795	340	455	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	10	5	5	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	5	5	0	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	135	70	65	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	0	0	0	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	555	215	340	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	5	5	5	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	40	20	20	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	10	10	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	0	0	0	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	525	280	240
Greek	105	65	40	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	1,655	820	835	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	1,025	525	510	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	70	35	35	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	20	10	5	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	40	25	15	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	0	0	0	565	300	265
Konkani	0	0	5	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	0	5	0	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	850	420	425	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	5	5	5	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	35	15	15	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	530	265	265	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	50	30	20	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	0	0	0	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	485	235	245	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	95	35	60	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	10,475	5,095	5,380	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	15	10	10	865	440	425
Italian	620	345	270	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	1,675	820	850	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	850	400	445	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	7,315	3,510	3,805	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	720	380	340
Japanese	165	50	115	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	1,715	910	805
Georgian	5	0	5	1,715	910	805
Korean	40	15	25	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	5	0	5	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	2,805	1,450	1,355	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	75	40	30	1,535	815	720
Edo	0	0	0	1,670	770	900
Ewe	50	30	20	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	160	95	65	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	0	0	0	920	445	470
Ganda	0	5	0	1,295	625	665
Igbo	5	0	0	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	115	60	55	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	480	235	240	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	305	130	170	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	0	0	0	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	505	245	260	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	310	175	140	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	15	10	5	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	790	430	355	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	0	0	0	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	115	55	60	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	0	0	0	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	65	30	40	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	50	30	20	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,380	650	725	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	1,280	595	680	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	270	140	130	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	0	0	0	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	875	390	480	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	0	0	0	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	15	20	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	85	40	40	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	100	50	50	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	10	5	5	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	70	35	30	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	5	5	0	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	200	75	120	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	130	60	65	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	75	15	55	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	90	55	35	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	20	10	5	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	65	45	25	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	0	0	0	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	0	0	0	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	145	80	70	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	0	5	5	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	15	5	10	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	130	70	60	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	60	40	20	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	7,480	3,880	3,605	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	3,775	1,990	1,785	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	235	120	115	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	3,175	1,610	1,565	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	295	160	140	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	789,360	386,725	402,630	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	778,085	381,065	397,020	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	763,185	373,810	389,380	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	8,360	4,345	4,015	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	754,830	369,470	385,360	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	14,900	7,255	7,645	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	285	115	165	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	275	115	155	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	270	115	155	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	10	5	5	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	255	110	145	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	5	0	5	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	5	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	0	0	0	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	5	0	5	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,615	7,135	7,475	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,245	1,155	1,090	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	235	115	115	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	165	85	80	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	0	0	0	620	330	285
Oromo	0	0	0	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	10	5	5	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	185	85	95
Semitic languages	1,985	1,025	960	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	0	0	0	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	1,975	1,020	960	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	0	0	0	735	335	400
Hebrew	10	5	0	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	0	0	0	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	5	0	0	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	680	305	375	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	185	80	105	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	485	225	265	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	105	55	50	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	0	0	290	140	155
Cebuano	0	0	0	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	0	0	0	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	65	35	35	435	220	210
Malay	5	0	5	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	15	10	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	145	60	80	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	135	60	80	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	0	0	0	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	5	5	0	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	5	0	5	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	0	0	0	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	9,255	4,500	4,760	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	100	50	50	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	35	20	15	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	1,420	685	730	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	10	5	5	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	5	0	0	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	5	0	0	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	1,410	680	725	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	0	0	0	230	105	120
Bosnian	370	180	190	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	135	70	70	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	50	30	25	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	10	5	5	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	5	0	0	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	100	45	50	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	405	190	220	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	100	55	50	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	140	65	75	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	0	0	0	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	70	35	35	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	670	310	360
Celtic languages	0	0	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	185	105	80
Welsh	0	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	125	60	65	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	0	0	0	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	0	0	0	855	410	445
Dutch	25	15	10	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	0	0	0	185	95	90
German	90	40	55	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	0	0	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	0	0	0	345	145	200
Swedish	5	5	0	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	355	170	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	15	10	10	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	1,380	670	710	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	910	445	460	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	45	25	25	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	15	10	10	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	15	10	10	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	0	0	0	135	70	70
Konkani	0	0	0	720	355	370
Marathi	0	0	0	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	820	400	415	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	0	0	0	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	20	5	5	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	380	185	195	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	20	15	10	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	0	0	0	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	360	175	185	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	6,175	3,010	3,175	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	5	0	5	355	165	190
Italian	120	55	65	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	1,085	540	545	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	465	230	235	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	4,505	2,180	2,325	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	180	85	95
Japanese	65	25	40	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	1,040	565	475
Georgian	0	0	0	1,035	565	475
Korean	15	0	15	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	910	440	470
Mongolian	0	0	0	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	765	360	405	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	10	5	10	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	5	5	5	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	0	250	105	140
Ganda	0	0	0	345	160	185
Igbo	0	0	0	1,000	485	510
Lingala	30	15	15	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	175	80	95	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	50	20	30	1,530	670	865
Shona	0	0	0	1,035	475	560
Swahili	170	80	90	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	105	55	50	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	185	85	110	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	5	10	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	0	0	0	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	150	75	70	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	0	0	0	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	80	40	35	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	75	40	35	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,015	520	500	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	925	470	455	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	165	90	80	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	0	0	0	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	670	340	330	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	10	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	30	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	90	50	45	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	15	5	5	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	70	40	30	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	0	5	5	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	40	20	25	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	25	10	15	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	35	15	15	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	1,245	640	610
Turkish	25	10	15	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	0	0	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	0	0	0	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	455	230	225
Uralic languages	30	10	15	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	0	0	0	975	365	610
Finnish	5	0	0	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	30	10	10	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	11,270	5,655	5,615	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	3,755	1,995	1,760	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	245	120	130	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	6,550	3,190	3,365	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	715	360	355	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	789,355	386,730	402,635	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	729,355	355,120	374,240	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	35,055	19,290	15,760	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	11,460	5,665	5,795	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	11,255	5,540	5,715	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	230	90	140	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	11,020	5,450	5,570	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	580	310	275	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	1,320	645	675	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	295	130	165	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	35	25	10	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	654,810	319,850	334,960	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	641,470	313,630	327,840	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,249	43,201	33,775	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	641,595	313,650	327,950	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,322	36,934	29,934	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	593,300	295,270	298,025	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,499	40,016	29,220	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	480,130	217,610	262,515	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,059	5,617	7,941	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	478,745	247,190	231,560	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,466	39,498	31,639	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	654,805	319,825	334,985	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	641,685	313,800	327,885	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,829	52,425	39,516	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	641,775	313,810	327,965	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,503	42,089	33,115	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	593,400	295,955	297,440	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,836	50,045	35,663	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	479,925	217,500	262,425	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,312	7,540	8,951	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	478,745	248,005	230,745	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,113	46,952	36,913	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	654,810	319,820	334,985	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	223,480	119,955	103,520	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	49,707	54,032	45,395	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	57,042	62,415	50,815	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	86.4	90.0	81.9	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	68.6	70.8	65.7	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	13.6	10.0	18.1	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	654,810	319,845	334,960	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	13,340	6,215	7,120	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	641,470	313,630	327,840	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	98.0	98.1	97.9	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	61,045	26,440	34,605	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	101,425	39,805	61,615	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	86,775	36,750	50,025	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	87,280	40,175	47,105	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	83,495	40,120	43,380	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	65,095	34,270	30,820	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	47,060	26,990	20,075	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	35,555	20,665	14,885	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	23,150	13,775	9,375	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	13,490	8,715	4,775	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	37,100	25,925	11,175	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	25,675	17,425	8,255	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	11,425	8,500	2,930	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	654,810	319,850	334,960	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	13,210	6,195	7,010	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	641,600	313,650	327,950	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	98.0	98.1	97.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	65,410	27,085	38,325	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	105,965	42,385	63,585	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	110,450	47,950	62,495	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	116,920	56,240	60,670	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	93,175	48,850	44,325	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	61,905	35,505	26,400	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	37,495	21,645	15,850	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	18,715	11,825	6,890	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	31,565	22,155	9,410	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	10,515	7,035	3,480	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	6,260	4,335	1,925	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	14,790	10,790	4,005	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	654,810	319,845	334,965	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	176,065	72,660	103,405	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	478,745	247,190	231,555	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	73.1	77.3	69.1	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	55,460	29,030	26,430	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	34,955	15,385	19,570	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	63,170	28,250	34,925	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	54,820	24,775	30,045	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	58,790	27,645	31,150	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	55,110	26,810	28,300	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	42,320	23,175	19,145	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	33,525	19,700	13,825	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	27,205	16,015	11,190	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	53,385	36,410	16,980	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	16,580	10,490	6,090	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	9,900	6,645	3,255	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	26,915	19,280	7,630	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	361,890	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,359	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,890	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	127,555	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,943	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,610	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	234,340	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,791	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,102	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	361,890	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,261	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,508	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	127,520	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,288	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,172	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	234,375	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,466	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,558	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	361,890	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	2,880	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,180	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10,415	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15,410	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15,980	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	13,780	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	17,205	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	18,295	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	18,165	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	17,125	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	31,915	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	28,380	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25,820	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	22,645	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	19,400	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	100,300	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	38,355	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	24,550	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	22,690	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	14,700	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	361,890	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	3,155	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,280	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10,545	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	16,270	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	18,335	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	18,000	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	23,060	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	22,925	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	21,775	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20,405	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	36,880	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	32,160	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	27,775	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	23,340	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	19,515	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	63,465	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	32,100	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15,230	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	16,135	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	223,575	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,081	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,978	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	101,570	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,020	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,094	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	86,010	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,728	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,277	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	31,555	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,196	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,365	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	223,545	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,956	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,553	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	101,635	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,854	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,993	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	85,955	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,422	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,503	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	31,455	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,420	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,473	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	154,950	73,360	81,585	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	33,620	35,596	32,027	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,950	31,119	28,919	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	154,775	72,985	81,785	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,860	42,360	37,630	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	33,389	34,880	32,057	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	779,085	383,165	395,925	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	381,490	181,395	200,090	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	50,875	25,110	25,765	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	65,945	28,900	37,050	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	78,255	36,890	41,365	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	91,135	43,855	47,280	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	95,275	46,650	48,625	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	397,595	201,765	195,830	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	98,395	49,190	49,205	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	98,030	49,865	48,170	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	85,225	43,265	41,965	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	66,730	34,090	32,635	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	49,215	25,350	23,860	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	776,965	382,110	394,855	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	145,710	74,270	71,445	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	51,550	26,400	25,150	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	495,160	246,140	249,020	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	136,095	61,705	74,395	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	79,480	36,105	43,370	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	12,105	6,170	5,935	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	4,045	2,085	1,955	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	48,005	23,630	24,375	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	19,365	6,305	13,065	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.2	9.4	11.0	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.3	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	7.9	7.8	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	9.6	9.8	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	14.2	10.2	17.6	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	63,420	29,790	33,630	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	8,130	4,135	3,995	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	2,725	1,390	1,335	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	43,050	21,990	21,060	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	12,240	3,670	8,575	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.2	7.8	8.5	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	5.6	5.6	5.6	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	5.3	5.3	5.3	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7	8.9	8.5	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	9.0	5.9	11.5	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	779,085	383,160	395,920	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	777,065	382,250	394,815	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	307,085	168,175	138,900	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	775,365	381,385	393,980	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	67,190	31,485	35,710	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	805	355	450	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	695	310	380	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	10	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	645	300	350	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	65	15	45	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	560	260	300	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	30	15	20	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	15	25	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	20	10	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	20	10	15	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	0	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	10	10	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	55	20	40	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	55	20	40	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	40	10	25	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	0	0	0	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	10	25	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	10	15	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	66,420	31,150	35,270	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	8,770	4,780	3,985	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	980	520	455	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	505	260	240	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	485	265	215	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	55	20	35	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	0	0	0	1,085	625	470
Oromo	0	0	0	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	55	20	35	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	480	220	265
Semitic languages	8,240	4,525	3,715	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	0	0	0	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	8,180	4,485	3,695	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	0	0	0	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	50	40	15	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	0	0	0	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	0	0	10	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,620	770	850	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	585	285	295	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	1,065	490	575	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	415	165	250	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	10	0	10	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	25	10	20	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	0	0	0	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	10	0	0	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	195	80	115	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	65	30	35	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	0	0	0	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	35	85	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	60	30	25	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	1,340	650	690	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	125	70	50	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	1,090	510	580	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	130	70	55	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	0	0	0	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	0	0	0	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	0	0	0	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	15	10	10	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	46,990	21,140	25,850	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	290	165	120	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	30	20	10	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	3,385	1,665	1,720	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	10	10	0	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	10	0	0	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	0	0	0	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	3,370	1,650	1,725	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	0	10	10	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	660	355	310	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	145	65	80	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	170	80	90	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	70	45	30	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	15	15	0	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	480	225	255	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	1,340	630	705	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	185	100	85	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	390	175	220	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	60	40	20	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	220	100	120	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	15	10	0	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	0	0	0	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	4,130	2,135	1,990	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	25	15	0	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	40	20	25	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	300	185	115	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	0	0	0	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	3,650	1,860	1,790	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	20	15	10	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	120	65	55	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	15	15	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	0	0	0	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	265	145	125	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	1,955	940	1,015	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	1,110	560	550	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	105	60	40	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	25	10	15	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	205	120	85	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	0	0	0	905	490	420
Konkani	0	0	0	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	0	0	10	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	825	395	430	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	0	0	0	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	55	35	20	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	680	325	355	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	60	30	30	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	10	0	0	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	630	305	330	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	200	75	125	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	39,020	17,085	21,935	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	90	40	45	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	3,125	1,400	1,725	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	2,965	1,480	1,485	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	1,080	500	580	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	33,440	14,385	19,055	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	25	0	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	555	305	250	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	0	0	10	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	10	0	10	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	45	10	30	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	15	10	0	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	15	10	0	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	4,715	2,555	2,160	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	170	95	70	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	0	0	0	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	80	55	25	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	260	150	110	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	0	0	0	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	10	10	0	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	10	0	0	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	495	275	220	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	675	350	325	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	410	200	205	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	0	0	0	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	1,020	575	450	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	650	400	255	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	15	10	0	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,715	895	820	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	165	60	100	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	0	0	0	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	165	65	100	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	715	235	480	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	20	0	15	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	470	160	310	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	260	80	185	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,970	940	1,030	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	1,815	855	955	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	460	225	230	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	10	10	0	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	1,295	610	680	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	20	30	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	15	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	135	60	75	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	155	85	75	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	60	35	25	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	105	60	50	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	0	0	0	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	270	130	140	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	130	70	55	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	160	70	85	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	130	60	65	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	25	10	15	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	100	50	45	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	0	0	0	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	0	0	0	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	220	110	110	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	0	0	0	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	40	15	30	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	175	95	80	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	255	110	145	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	779,090	383,165	395,925	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	756,400	371,880	384,520	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	141,750	72,335	69,415	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	614,650	299,545	315,110	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	22,685	11,280	11,400	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	779,085	383,165	395,925	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	729,160	357,985	371,170	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	44,550	22,440	22,110	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	5,430	3,020	2,405	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	3,380	1,750	1,630	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	6,440	3,000	3,440	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	15,850	8,010	7,840	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	6,255	3,210	3,045	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	9,600	4,800	4,795	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	13,445	6,660	6,785	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	5,380	2,740	2,640	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	44,550	22,440	22,110	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	6,185	2,725	3,465	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	6,365	3,235	3,130	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	6,965	3,470	3,495	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	22,740	11,860	10,880	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	2,290	1,155	1,140	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	44,550	22,445	22,110	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	9,900	4,645	5,250	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	925	430	495	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	2,790	1,315	1,475	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	400	190	210	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	10	0	0	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	1,140	515	620	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	20	15	0	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	925	470	450	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	455	190	270	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	20	0	20	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,175	540	635	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	2,040	970	1,070	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	15,225	8,095	7,130	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	900	440	455	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	70	25	50	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	8,165	4,560	3,600	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	795	320	475	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	75	45	30	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	70	40	25	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	15	10	10	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	440	275	165	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	50	25	30	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	285	115	170	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	510	260	255	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	705	345	355	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	255	125	135	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	60	40	20	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	265	135	135	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	270	165	100	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	2,300	1,175	1,125	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	12,900	7,035	5,870	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	1,940	1,075	865	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	260	135	130	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	10	0	0	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	40	15	25	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	2,185	1,210	975	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	35	25	15	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	10	0	10	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	15	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	8,390	4,555	3,830	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	6,475	2,630	3,845	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	90	50	40	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	120	55	65	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	1,770	445	1,325	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	60	10	45	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	70	35	35	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	345	175	170	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	125	45	75	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	115	10	105	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	140	85	60	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	290	185	105	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	35	20	15	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	155	55	100	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	340	175	170	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	60	35	25	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	790	350	435	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	1,970	900	1,070	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	55	40	15	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	13,445	6,665	6,785	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	2,800	1,340	1,465	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	565	265	300	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	905	425	480	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	200	110	90	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	330	140	190	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	10	10	0	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	275	140	135	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	105	65	40	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	105	50	50	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	315	140	170	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	3,285	1,750	1,540	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	2,375	1,275	1,105	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	50	25	20	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	10	10	0	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	120	50	75	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	65	30	35	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	15	10	10	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	85	40	50	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	55	45	15	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	510	275	240	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	5,500	2,770	2,730	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	520	250	270	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	800	375	425	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	275	160	125	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	755	380	365	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	35	20	15	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	10	0	0	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	0	0	0	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	720	360	360	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	0	0	0	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	10	0	10	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	700	385	310	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	1,680	840	835	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	1,840	790	1,045	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	10	10	0	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	10	10	0	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	215	85	125	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	15	0	15	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	25	10	15	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	175	85	95	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	85	30	60	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	0	0	0	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	20	0	20	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	15	10	10	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	40	15	25	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	235	105	125	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	0	0	10	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	45	15	35	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	265	130	135	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	10	0	0	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	10	0	0	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	85	40	55	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	560	240	315	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	20	10	0	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	0	0	0	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	15	10	0	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	779,085	383,160	395,920	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	52,710	26,545	26,170	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	31,425	15,950	15,480	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	694,945	340,670	354,275	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	39,570	19,625	19,945	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	21,795	11,770	10,025	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	11,020	7,305	3,720	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	10,775	4,465	6,305	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	9,610	3,840	5,765	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	8,000	3,925	4,075	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	170	90	80	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	779,085	383,165	395,925	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	11,515	5,665	5,850	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	10,990	5,460	5,530	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	6,230	3,010	3,215	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	4,610	2,395	2,220	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	150	60	95	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	145	40	105	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	380	165	215	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	767,570	377,500	390,075	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	779,085	383,165	395,925	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	5,270	2,565	2,710	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	773,815	380,600	393,210	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	779,085	383,165	395,925	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	5,870	2,730	3,145	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	5,710	2,670	3,040	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,655	2,185	2,470	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	1,000	465	535	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	60	25	30	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	160	55	110	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	145	55	90	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	0	20	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	20,330	9,650	10,690	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	19,925	9,470	10,450	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	17,210	8,045	9,165	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,575	1,345	1,230	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	80	60	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	410	180	235	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	380	160	215	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	752,880	370,790	382,090	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	779,085	383,160	395,920	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	38,260	19,080	19,180	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,540	805	740	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	2,840	960	1,875	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	14,025	7,330	6,695	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	275	135	140	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	7,720	3,635	4,080	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	6,945	3,915	3,025	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	2,785	1,305	1,480	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	670	300	365	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	235	135	100	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	260	80	180	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	380	195	185	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	590	280	315	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	740,825	364,080	376,740	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	779,085	383,165	395,920	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	26,210	12,375	13,830	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	22,420	10,455	11,965	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	250	120	125	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	4,110	2,025	2,080	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	573,500	280,175	293,325	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	3,495	1,610	1,880	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	3,065	1,455	1,610	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	555,220	270,960	284,260	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	75	40	30	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	35	15	20	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	15	0	15	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	55	30	30	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	18,030	9,130	8,900	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	10	0	10	1,895	950	945
European origins	279,745	139,235	140,505	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	58,605	27,905	30,710	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	175	85	90	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	0	0	0	1,975	995	975
English	11,260	5,575	5,690	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	39,360	18,620	20,735	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	0	0	0	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	15,185	6,985	8,195	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	310	130	180	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	885	425	460	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	226,795	113,405	113,390	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	95	55	45	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	1,335	620	715	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	100	30	65	1,750	950	805
French	225,770	112,920	112,850	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,420	8,655	8,760	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	475	285	185	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	0	0	0	940	485	455
Belgian	3,855	1,985	1,870	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	1,075	505	575	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	125	75	50	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	0	0	0	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	10,530	5,025	5,510	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	125	90	35	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	2,125	1,130	995	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	0	10	0	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,580	785	790	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	250	145	105	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	110	50	60	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	35	20	15	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	600	315	285	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	370	155	215	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	300	140	160	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	6,960	3,360	3,600	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	215	105	105	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	45	15	25	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	310	160	145	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	70	40	35	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	0	10	0	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	705	335	370	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	20	15	10	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	125	80	50	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	200	85	110	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	2,235	1,090	1,145	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	1,365	665	700	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	1,265	575	690	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	195	90	105	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	1,110	510	595	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	30	25	10	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	18,280	9,115	9,165	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	275	160	115	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	875	460	420	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	45	30	20	1,280	740	535
Croatian	355	195	160	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	10	0	10	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	905	445	455	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	9,280	4,735	4,545	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	60	40	15	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	50	30	25	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	60	25	40	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	15	0	10	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	2,855	1,375	1,475	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	390	205	190	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	55	25	30	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	65	40	25	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	4,455	2,150	2,305	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	160	70	90	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	35	0	25	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	1,200	635	560	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	325	175	145	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	190	95	90	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	35	15	20	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	650	345	305	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	3,770	1,885	1,880	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	0	0	0	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	15	0	15	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	40	30	15	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	0	0	0	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	0	0	0	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	495	255	240	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	410	190	215	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	0	0	0	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	115	45	70	1,125	515	605
Haitian	2,230	1,115	1,115	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	180	105	70	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	115	30	85	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	0	0	0	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	30	20	10	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	0	0	0	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	15	15	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	35	20	15	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	185	95	90	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	9,930	4,730	5,200	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	285	130	145	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	0	0	0	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	225	115	110	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	10	0	0	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	130	45	90	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	930	440	490	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	820	425	395	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	3,485	1,690	1,805	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	30	15	15	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	115	60	55	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	185	100	90	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	40	15	20	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	70	20	50	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	155	65	90	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	60	40	25	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	1,775	825	950	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	140	55	85	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	20	0	10	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	50	15	40	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	785	350	435	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	590	300	285	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	60	25	40	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	205	110	95	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	255	120	135	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	20,540	10,855	9,685	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	7,910	4,235	3,675	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	65	30	35	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	10	0	10	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	0	0	0	1,585	855	735
Beninese	515	285	230	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	255	150	95	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	1,560	785	775	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	70	35	35	1,845	955	885
Congolese	1,660	925	730	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	0	0	0	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	45	15	30	845	470	375
Gabonese	165	80	85	1,405	660	750
Gambian	10	10	0	975	495	475
Ghanaian	100	65	35	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	355	190	165	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	15	10	10	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	1,135	585	555	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	30	0	30	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	255	135	110	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	30	15	15	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	105	50	55	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	120	75	45	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	930	530	400	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	315	175	135	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	75	50	25	840	495	345
Yoruba	0	10	0	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	755	365	390	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	8,520	4,550	3,965	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	2,320	1,220	1,100	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	1,420	785	635	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	10	10	0	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	0	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	490	220	270	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	10	10	10	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	40	25	10	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	2,715	1,480	1,230	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	0	0	0	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	1,890	1,015	870	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	150	80	70	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	2,315	1,200	1,115	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	0	0	10	1,870	955	915
Amhara	0	0	0	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	95	75	20	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	810	425	385	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	30	20	10	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	30	15	15	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	0	0	10	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	0	0	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	10	0	0	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	325	130	195	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	100	50	50	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	0	0	0	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	575	280	295	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	10	0	0	1,285	575	710
Somali	70	30	40	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	50	30	15	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	45	25	15	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	10	0	10	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	75	30	45	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	0	0	0	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	0	0	0	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	205	120	90	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	2,150	1,080	1,070	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	145	80	65	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	2,075	1,040	1,030	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	14,530	6,955	7,570	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	5,500	2,930	2,575	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	150	75	75	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	2,255	1,265	990	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	230	145	90	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	0	10	0	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	30	10	25	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	0	0	0	1,515	810	705
Iranian	615	290	330	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	120	50	70	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	15	10	0	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	0	0	0	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	15	10	0	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	50	30	25	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	1,175	595	580	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	125	70	55	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	0	0	10	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	10	10	10	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	545	285	260	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	10	0	10	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	30	20	10	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	265	130	130	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	0	0	0	1,040	540	500
Uighur	0	0	0	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	0	0	0	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	60	40	25	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25	20	10	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	1,520	780	735	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	50	25	20	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	20	15	10	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	200	85	115	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	710	380	330	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	0	0	0	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	0	0	0	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	0	0	0	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	440	210	235	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	90	65	30	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	10	0	10	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	0	0	0	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	0	10	0	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	0	0	0	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	0	0	0	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,595	3,295	4,305	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	260	115	140	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	805	400	400	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	3,670	1,325	2,345	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	310	150	160	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	55	20	35	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	475	200	280	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	90	50	40	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	280	160	115	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	305	150	160	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	10	0	0	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	45	20	25	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	10	0	0	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	65	35	35	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	195	60	135	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	0	0	0	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	1,830	970	870	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	0	0	0	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	10	10	10	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10	10	0	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	155	95	65	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	65	40	25	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	20	15	10	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	70	45	25	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	10	0	0	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	0	10	0	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	0	0	0	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	35	20	20	1,530	725	805
Samoan	0	0	0	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	25	20	10	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	361,890	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	217,920	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	143,935	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	35	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	361,890	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	52,670	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	309,220	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	361,890	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	2,895	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	64,165	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	119,330	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	109,845	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	65,660	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	361,890	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	141,005	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	57,000	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	39,765	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	38,735	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	85,390	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	361,890	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	360,490	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,400	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	361,890	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	355,140	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	6,750	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	361,890	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	74,245	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	113,535	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	56,335	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	42,865	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	21,770	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	27,710	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	25,420	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	361,895	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	344,100	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	17,790	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	361,890	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	218,945	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	139,505	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	3,440	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	361,890	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	14,185	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	55,590	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	60,700	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	64,765	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	73,585	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	57,380	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	27,090	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	8,600	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	360,195	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	296,060	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	64,135	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	57,905	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	216,800	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.0	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	9.7	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,048	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,101	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	274,433	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	300,188	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	143,575	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	10.8	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	30.1	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	743	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	796	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	654,810	319,820	334,990	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	89,600	44,070	45,525	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	132,550	61,145	71,405	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	432,660	214,605	218,055	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	109,145	67,440	41,710	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	78,365	42,205	36,165	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	30,775	25,230	5,550	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	136,930	60,775	76,150	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25,580	9,770	15,805	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	161,010	76,625	84,390	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	101,740	46,590	55,155	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	12,160	5,655	6,500	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,010	2,565	2,445	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	34,990	17,315	17,670	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	7,115	4,500	2,615	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	429,140	212,840	216,300	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	32,570	18,560	14,000	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	69,200	33,960	35,235	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	327,380	160,315	167,060	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	83,725	50,770	32,955	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	60,930	32,035	28,895	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	22,790	18,730	4,055	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	97,160	44,050	53,115	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,925	6,655	10,275	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	129,570	58,845	70,725	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	81,590	36,440	45,150	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	9,160	3,820	5,340	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	3,865	1,655	2,215	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	29,380	13,730	15,650	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	5,565	3,200	2,365	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	654,810	319,825	334,985	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	222,150	105,220	116,930	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	31,525	8,025	23,495	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	31,520	8,030	23,495	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	16,815	7,545	9,270	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,195	2,190	1,005	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	13,615	5,355	8,265	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	25,625	11,160	14,460	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	3,245	810	2,440	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	525	180	350	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	13,200	6,095	7,105	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	180	100	75	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,175	800	375	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,260	715	540	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	2,190	1,270	925	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	3,850	1,195	2,650	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	42,160	15,100	27,065	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	220	50	170	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,900	1,960	3,940	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	8,055	775	7,275	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	8,835	3,535	5,300	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,285	225	1,060	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	5,570	1,400	4,175	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	12,295	7,150	5,145	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	101,980	39,570	62,410	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	60	20	40	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	6,800	1,695	5,105	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	95,120	37,860	57,265	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	17,620	9,600	8,025	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	6,750	3,055	3,695	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,855	1,140	710	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,355	2,110	2,245	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	3,875	2,935	935	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	790	355	435	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20,270	14,670	5,610	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	17,230	13,155	4,070	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	1,390	370	1,020	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,360	920	445	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	295	220	75	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	81,555	75,005	6,550	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	3,440	2,050	1,390	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	13,780	11,775	2,005	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	16,295	14,825	1,470	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	19,500	18,830	670	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	17,570	17,045	530	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	10,950	10,475	470	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,665	5,615	3,050	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,520	2,440	2,080	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	4,145	3,175	965	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	55,530	11,660	43,870	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,170	1,780	1,390	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	50,715	8,975	41,740	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,645	905	740	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	30,595	16,550	14,045	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	17,390	5,295	12,090	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	65	60	10	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	260	245	10	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	5,675	4,225	1,455	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,210	6,725	490	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	325	115	215	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	330	115	210	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	429,145	212,840	216,300	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	101,760	52,520	49,235	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	20,970	4,865	16,110	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	20,975	4,865	16,110	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	12,830	5,695	7,135	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,445	1,600	850	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	10,385	4,095	6,285	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	15,660	6,810	8,850	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,565	635	1,930	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	385	135	245	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,870	3,415	3,455	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	135	90	50	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	800	520	275	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	665	390	270	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	1,535	880	660	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	2,710	750	1,965	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	33,195	11,235	21,955	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	185	45	140	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,050	1,700	3,355	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	6,605	610	5,995	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	6,790	2,360	4,430	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	920	160	760	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	4,185	975	3,210	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	9,455	5,390	4,070	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	80,695	29,975	50,730	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	15	35	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	5,350	1,205	4,150	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75,300	28,755	46,545	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	11,130	6,095	5,035	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	5,595	2,400	3,195	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,095	690	400	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	790	475	315	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	3,075	2,250	830	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	580	280	295	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	17,930	12,970	4,960	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15,655	11,970	3,690	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	1,120	265	850	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	910	560	350	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	240	170	70	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	62,195	56,525	5,670	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	2,835	1,650	1,185	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	11,060	9,245	1,815	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	12,700	11,435	1,265	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	15	0	10	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	14,190	13,640	550	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	13,025	12,610	415	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	8,365	7,940	425	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	7,080	4,415	2,660	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,660	1,895	1,765	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,420	2,525	895	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	41,355	8,730	32,625	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,620	1,445	1,180	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	37,500	6,730	30,765	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,235	555	680	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	24,045	12,900	11,140	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	13,610	4,080	9,530	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	45	10	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	175	165	10	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	4,395	3,220	1,175	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,820	5,390	425	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	295	100	195	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	295	100	200	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	654,805	319,825	334,985	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	222,150	105,215	116,930	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	432,660	214,600	218,055	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	413,150	204,030	209,115	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	405,315	199,495	205,825	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	7,830	4,540	3,290	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	19,510	10,570	8,940	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	1,680	1,095	580	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	90	15	75	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	70	50	20	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	405	270	130	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	395	185	215	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	6,575	3,790	2,785	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	10,305	5,165	5,130	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	429,140	212,840	216,300	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	101,760	52,525	49,240	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	327,380	160,315	167,065	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	310,970	151,785	159,185	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	305,255	148,560	156,695	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	5,720	3,225	2,495	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	16,405	8,530	7,875	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	955	575	380	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	80	15	65	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	50	35	15	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	305	200	100	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	340	145	195	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	5,465	3,050	2,415	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	9,210	4,510	4,700	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	654,810	319,825	334,990	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	437,240	225,505	211,730	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	417,195	213,590	203,605	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	20,040	11,910	8,125	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	217,575	94,315	123,255	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	66.8	70.5	63.2	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	63.7	66.8	60.8	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	4.6	5.3	3.8	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	654,810	319,825	334,985	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	198,595	84,180	114,415	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	456,215	235,640	220,570	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	227,280	122,335	104,945	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	228,935	113,305	115,630	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	43.7	43.6	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	437,235	225,510	211,730	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	6,070	3,085	2,985	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	431,165	222,420	208,745	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	389,675	197,715	191,960	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	41,490	24,705	16,785	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	437,235	225,505	211,730	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	6,070	3,085	2,985	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	431,165	222,420	208,745	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	39,795	25,085	14,710	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	78,465	25,335	53,130	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	39,455	30,370	9,085	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	35,460	7,495	27,965	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	57,675	20,610	37,065	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	13,345	6,375	6,970	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	103,735	49,815	53,915	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	48,165	45,690	2,470	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,310	2,785	530	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	11,770	8,860	2,910	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	437,240	225,505	211,730	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	6,075	3,085	2,985	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	431,165	222,420	208,745	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,480	2,385	1,095	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	815	680	135	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	1,945	1,515	425	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	23,390	20,625	2,770	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	32,015	23,885	8,130	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	13,400	9,855	3,545	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	51,145	24,725	26,420	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	14,895	11,935	2,960	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	7,580	4,800	2,780	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	24,810	9,860	14,945	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	6,365	3,875	2,490	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	31,630	18,620	13,010	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	210	85	125	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	17,440	11,290	6,155	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	31,725	10,770	20,955	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	58,410	12,430	45,985	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	7,930	4,020	3,905	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	32,310	15,280	17,030	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	18,800	8,650	10,150	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	52,880	27,145	25,735	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	417,200	213,590	203,605	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	23,490	11,790	11,700	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	775	525	255	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	33,120	25,040	8,080	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	359,810	176,245	183,570	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	359,810	176,245	183,570	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	253,535	119,695	133,835	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	23,070	12,040	11,030	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	82,530	44,000	38,530	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	680	505	170	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	392,925	201,280	191,650	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	300,565	160,105	140,460	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15,375	5,245	10,135	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	43,535	18,470	25,070	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	24,760	11,745	13,015	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	5,160	3,655	1,500	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	3,530	2,070	1,465	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	392,925	201,280	191,650	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	104,830	51,640	53,190	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	169,865	89,190	80,670	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	80,430	41,400	39,030	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	24,155	11,550	12,605	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	13,650	7,500	6,150	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	392,925	201,280	191,650	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15,290	11,440	3,850	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	74,760	47,710	27,050	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	140,880	65,425	75,455	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	78,150	34,425	43,725	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	32,185	13,810	18,375	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	51,660	28,470	23,195	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	465,845	240,200	225,640	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	453,515	233,055	220,465	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	452,940	232,800	220,140	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	9,480	5,720	3,755	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	443,460	227,075	216,385	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	575	255	325	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	35	10	25	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	35	15	20	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	35	15	25	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	10	0	10	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	35	10	20	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	10	0	10	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	535	240	300	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	0	0	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	15	0	10	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	475	230	245
Vietnamese	25	10	15	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	10	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	0	0	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	325	135	185	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	0	0	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	30	10	20	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	0	0	0	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	20	0	15	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	0	0	0	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	15	0	10	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	0	0	0	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	15	10	10	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	0	0	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	20	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	20	0	15	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	10	0	10	530	275	245
Gujarati	0	0	0	880	300	585
Hindi	0	0	0	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	15	0	15	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	0	0	0	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	10	0	0	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	0	0	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	240	105	135	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	0	0	0	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	70	35	35	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	0	0	0	745	365	380
Spanish	165	60	105	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	10	0	10	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	0	0	0	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	10	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	10	30	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	20	0	20	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	50	20	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	75	50	20	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	25	20	10	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	45	35	15	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	675	270	405
Lao	0	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	20	10	15	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	0	0	0	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	12,325	7,150	5,175	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	11,370	6,730	4,650	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	70	30	35	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	485	190	295	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	400	205	195	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	465,845	240,200	225,645	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	370,985	184,450	186,535	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	84,765	50,195	34,570	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	7,220	4,245	2,975	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	1,755	835	920	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	110	60	50	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	1,640	770	870	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	20	10	15	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	1,010	430	585	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	80	35	40	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	10	10	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	770,955	379,020	391,935	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	681,920	335,025	346,895	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	89,035	44,000	45,035	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	63,010	31,375	31,635	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	26,025	12,625	13,400	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	21,955	10,685	11,275	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	20,740	10,020	10,720	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	1,215	665	545	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	4,070	1,940	2,130	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	736,385	361,465	374,915	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	470,745	230,585	240,165	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	265,645	130,880	134,760	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	176,880	87,390	89,495	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	88,755	43,495	45,265	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	73,325	35,935	37,395	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	69,295	33,805	35,490	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	4,030	2,125	1,905	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	15,430	7,565	7,865	1,381,460	682,625	698,835