Census Profile, 2016 Census
Oshawa [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Oshawa Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , Oshawa [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Oshawa [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	379,848	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	356,177	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	142,462	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	138,962	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	420.3	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	903.69	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	379,850	185,435	194,415	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	69,255	35,500	33,760	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	21,575	11,045	10,530	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	23,925	12,245	11,680	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	23,755	12,210	11,545	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	255,095	125,260	129,835	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	24,555	12,370	12,185	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	24,845	12,825	12,025	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	22,275	11,205	11,065	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	23,820	11,585	12,235	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	24,900	11,825	13,075	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	26,255	12,735	13,525	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	27,585	13,280	14,305	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	31,870	15,560	16,310	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	27,490	13,620	13,870	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	21,495	10,260	11,235	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	55,495	24,675	30,820	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	18,525	8,645	9,885	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	13,185	6,255	6,930	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	9,525	4,240	5,280	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	7,090	3,125	3,975	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	7,165	2,415	4,755	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	4,535	1,680	2,860	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	2,085	620	1,465	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	480	105	380	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	65	15	50	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.2	19.1	17.4	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	67.2	67.5	66.8	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	14.6	13.3	15.9	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.3	2.4	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	39.6	38.6	40.5	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	40.1	38.9	41.1	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	138,960	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	91,135	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10,605	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	37,135	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	7,585	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	13,925	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,170	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10,255	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	205	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	85	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	138,960	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	29,660	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	43,790	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	25,055	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	25,890	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	14,565	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	375,600	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	310,590	149,935	160,655	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	180,460	90,145	90,315	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	151,620	75,745	75,880	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	28,840	14,405	14,440	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	130,135	59,795	70,340	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	84,945	45,190	39,755	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	10,410	4,255	6,155	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	18,595	6,965	11,625	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	16,180	3,375	12,800	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	109,180	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	48,655	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	25,425	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	25,230	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	9,870	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	109,180	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	88,790	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	74,380	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	14,410	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	20,390	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	16,170	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	4,220	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	88,785	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	36,720	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	52,065	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	19,285	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	23,430	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	9,350	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	20,390	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	11,935	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	6,135	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	2,320	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	49,050	22,925	26,125	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	138,965	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	101,150	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	33,695	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	67,455	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	3,940	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	33,880	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	29,660	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	4,220	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	376,805	184,355	192,450	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	346,670	171,595	175,075	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	255	115	140	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	27,550	11,705	15,840	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	2,330	930	1,395	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	376,805	184,350	192,455	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	367,060	179,960	187,100	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	6,405	3,025	3,380	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	1,105	485	620	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	2,240	885	1,355	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	6,960	3,265	3,690	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.8	1.8	1.9	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	376,805	184,355	192,455	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	371,050	181,620	189,430	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	326,300	160,255	166,050	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	319,765	157,155	162,610	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	6,540	3,100	3,440	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	44,750	21,365	23,380	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	35	10	20	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	85	40	45
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	55	25	30
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	355	135	225
Woods Cree	5	5	0	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	0	0	0	65	30	35
Ojibway	5	0	5	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dene	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	10	0	5	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	5	0	5	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	710	300	410
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	5	5	5	590	255	335
Oneida	0	0	0	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	5	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	44,715	21,355	23,360	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,165	1,150	1,020	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	0	0	0	725	405	320
Kabyle	0	0	0	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	55	25	30	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	0	0	0	250	140	110
Oromo	5	5	5	1,445	720	730
Somali	45	20	25	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	225	115	110
Semitic languages	2,110	1,125	985	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	65	40	25	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	1,700	925	770	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	10	5	5	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	30	15	15	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	225	105	120	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	25	10	15	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	525	230	300	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	485	210	275	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	2,395	920	1,475	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	5	0	5	595	260	330
Cebuano	80	30	55	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	5	0	0	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	30	10	20	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	65	30	35	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	5	0	0	100	45	55
Malay	60	25	35	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	5	5	5	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,110	805	1,305	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	10	5	5	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	175	80	100	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	70	30	45	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	85	35	45	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	2,175	1,065	1,110	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	35	15	20	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	250	130	115	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	1,775	855	915	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	115	55	60	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	30,820	14,895	15,920	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	100	55	45	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	130	60	70	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	7,355	3,330	4,020	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	115	55	60	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	65	30	35	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	50	25	25	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	7,240	3,280	3,960	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	10	5	5	515	230	280
Bosnian	20	10	5	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	70	30	40	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	385	200	185	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	140	65	70	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	700	350	355	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	3,235	1,425	1,810	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	710	295	415	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	425	225	195	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	50	30	15	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	190	70	120	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	195	90	100	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	1,075	460	620	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	50	20	25	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	20	5	10	450	210	240
Welsh	20	10	15	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	225	120	110
Germanic languages	4,175	1,895	2,285	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	85	35	45	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	100	50	55	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	1,685	775	910	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	60	25	35	1,240	630	620
German	2,115	950	1,165	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	10	5	5	210	100	110
Norwegian	35	15	15	940	405	540
Swedish	55	30	30	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	20	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	5	5	0	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	80	85
Greek	1,195	610	585	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	7,965	4,040	3,925	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	5,975	3,010	2,970	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	510	260	250	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	850	420	430	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	600	300	300	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	0	0	0	345	170	175
Konkani	25	10	10	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	50	25	25	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	15	10	10	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	0	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	825	425	400	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	90	40	50	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	195	90	100	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	2,795	1,415	1,385	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	1,955	1,015	940	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	35	25	10	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	180	95	85	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	1,745	900	845	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	9,855	4,885	4,965	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	5	0	5	285	150	135
Italian	3,720	1,945	1,775	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	2,200	1,075	1,125	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	680	305	370	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	3,245	1,555	1,690	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	420	200	215
Japanese	110	45	70	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	1,200	635	565
Georgian	0	0	0	1,200	635	565
Korean	420	205	210	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	405	180	220
Mongolian	5	5	0	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	580	280	300	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	95	45	50	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	0	5	0	140	60	80
Edo	10	5	5	1,140	475	670
Ewe	10	0	5	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	365	180	185
Ga	10	5	10	600	275	325
Ganda	10	5	5	760	360	400
Igbo	60	30	30	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	15	5	10	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	5	15	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	5	10	1,330	545	785
Shona	45	20	25	1,455	660	790
Swahili	75	40	35	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	0	0	0	290	145	150
Yoruba	90	45	40	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	105	55	55	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	5	1,610	810	800
Dinka	0	0	0	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	90	40	50	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	40	15	25	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	55	25	30	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,765	1,735	2,035	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	3,735	1,720	2,020	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	1,455	680	775	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	40	15	20	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	1,985	910	1,080	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	5	0	5	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	25	40	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	45	20	20	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	140	60	80	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	15	15	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	10	5	5	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	10	5	5	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	160	65	95	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	50	20	25	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	115	45	75	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkic languages	155	80	75	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	135	75	60	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	5	5	5	515	255	260
Uzbek	0	0	0	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	640	295	345
Uralic languages	1,140	550	590	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	80	45	35	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	150	65	85	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	915	435	475	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	5,755	2,735	3,020	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	1,090	510	575	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	4,345	2,070	2,275	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	180	85	95	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	140	60	75	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	376,805	184,350	192,455	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	366,370	179,390	186,980	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	348,655	170,975	177,680	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	346,225	169,815	176,410	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	2,430	1,155	1,270	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	17,715	8,420	9,300	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	10	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	17,710	8,415	9,300	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	895	445	450	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	0	0	0	345	175	170
Kabyle	0	0	0	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	30	15	15	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	0	0	0	170	80	85
Oromo	10	5	0	805	380	425
Somali	20	5	15	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	65
Semitic languages	865	430	430	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	15	10	5	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	760	385	380	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	5	10	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	10	0	5	555	250	305
Hebrew	0	0	0	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	45	20	30	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	5	0	0	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	330	145	185	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	315	140	180	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	700	310	385	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	0	0	0	90	35	55
Cebuano	30	10	15	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	10	0	5	910	385	530
Ilocano	10	0	10	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	5	0	0	35	15	20
Malay	10	0	5	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	445	200	250
Pangasinan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	640	290	355	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	380	175	200
Creole languages	50	25	30	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	20	5	15	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	15	15	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	1,380	660	720	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	10	5	5	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	130	80	60	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	1,165	545	620	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	70	30	40	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	10,990	5,205	5,785	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	40	25	15	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	55	25	30	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	2,545	1,155	1,395	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	20	10	5	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	10	5	5	860	350	515
Lithuanian	10	5	5	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	2,530	1,150	1,385	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	0	0	0	175	80	90
Bosnian	5	5	5	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	30	20	20	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	95	45	45	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	25	15	10	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	185	75	105	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	1,280	590	685	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	350	155	200	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	205	95	110	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	45	25	25	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	20	20	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	245	100	150	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	355	160	190
Celtic languages	5	0	0	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	5	60	30	25
Welsh	0	0	0	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Germanic languages	305	130	175	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	30	15	15	755	365	390
Danish	0	0	0	280	135	150
Dutch	85	35	50	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	5	0	5	90	45	45
German	185	75	105	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	5	0	5	45	20	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Swedish	5	0	0	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	145	60	85
Yiddish	0	0	0	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	655	315	340
Greek	310	155	160	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	4,290	2,090	2,205	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	3,195	1,565	1,630	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	275	140	140	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	420	195	220	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	260	115	140	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	0	0	0	65	30	35
Konkani	10	5	5	540	260	280
Marathi	35	15	15	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	10	5	5	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	5	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	435	220	215	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	30	15	15	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	65	30	30	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	1,650	815	835	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	1,090	520	570	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	15	5	10	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	90	45	45	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	985	465	515	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	3,435	1,635	1,800	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	0	0	0	135	60	75
Italian	900	395	500	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	735	335	395	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	310	145	165	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	1,495	755	735	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	60
Japanese	50	20	30	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	770	420	355
Georgian	0	0	0	775	420	355
Korean	245	125	120	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	225	115	110
Mongolian	0	5	5	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	130	60	70	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	20	15	15	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	5	0	0	305	120	180
Ewe	0	0	0	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	110	55	55
Ga	0	0	0	175	80	100
Ganda	0	0	5	195	85	110
Igbo	5	0	5	540	265	275
Lingala	10	5	5	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	420	160	260
Shona	5	0	5	455	210	245
Swahili	15	5	10	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	0	0	0	130	65	65
Yoruba	15	10	5	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	550	260	290
Dinka	0	0	0	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	425	195	225
Sign languages	150	95	60	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	50	25	25	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	100	65	35	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,380	1,140	1,240	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	2,370	1,135	1,240	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	815	385	430	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	5	5	5	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	1,425	680	750	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	0	0	0	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	15	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	5	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	85	45	40	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	0	0	0	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	5	5	5	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	95	45	55	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	20	10	10	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	75	35	40	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	60	30	30	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	770	385	380
Turkish	60	30	25	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	5	0	5	290	150	140
Uzbek	0	0	0	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	130	120
Uralic languages	250	115	130	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	0	0	5	790	290	500
Finnish	15	10	5	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	235	105	130	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	465	245	225
Multiple responses	10,435	4,960	5,475	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	835	365	465	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	9,290	4,455	4,840	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	55	30	30	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	250	110	140	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	376,805	184,350	192,450	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	346,160	170,050	176,110	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	9,370	4,585	4,785	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	4,830	1,990	2,840	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	15,910	7,490	8,420	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	45	15	30	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	15,865	7,475	8,395	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	95	35	60	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	180	90	90	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	255	110	145	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	306,460	148,375	158,080	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	291,745	141,450	150,290	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,988	46,516	30,765	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	291,865	141,460	150,400	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,127	40,810	28,245	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	263,580	130,745	132,835	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,637	45,700	28,361	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	207,115	90,430	116,685	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,364	2,111	5,552	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	225,245	116,260	108,990	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,299	44,866	31,403	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	306,460	148,375	158,085	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	291,525	141,225	150,300	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,625	58,153	39,672	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	291,660	141,230	150,430	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,099	46,873	33,739	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	263,150	130,505	132,640	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,082	58,328	38,001	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	206,880	90,030	116,850	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,359	6,667	7,892	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	225,250	116,145	109,100	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,383	55,032	39,239	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	306,455	148,375	158,080	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	110,525	61,895	48,625	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	60,254	67,120	53,464	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	69,060	76,869	59,120	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	89.2	92.6	84.6	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	75.1	77.7	71.5	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	10.8	7.4	15.4	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	306,460	148,375	158,085	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	14,715	6,920	7,790	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	291,745	141,450	150,295	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.3	95.1	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	41,460	17,425	24,035	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	45,105	17,190	27,910	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	34,970	13,215	21,755	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	30,295	13,275	17,020	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	30,020	14,385	15,640	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	24,560	12,715	11,845	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	19,210	10,690	8,520	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	15,400	9,060	6,345	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	12,635	7,505	5,125	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	10,880	6,260	4,620	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	27,220	19,740	7,480	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	19,755	13,900	5,855	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	7,460	5,840	1,620	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	306,460	148,375	158,085	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	14,595	6,915	7,680	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	291,865	141,460	150,405	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.3	95.1	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	42,765	17,675	25,095	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	47,100	18,025	29,075	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	40,810	16,015	24,795	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	38,110	17,455	20,655	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	34,885	17,665	17,215	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	25,985	14,440	11,545	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	19,555	11,635	7,920	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	15,530	9,155	6,380	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	27,120	19,395	7,725	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	9,950	6,410	3,545	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	5,860	4,230	1,630	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	11,305	8,750	2,555	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	306,455	148,375	158,085	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	81,210	32,115	49,100	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	225,245	116,260	108,985	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	73.5	78.4	68.9	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	34,450	18,015	16,430	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	16,685	6,995	9,690	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	26,165	11,135	15,030	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	20,740	8,940	11,800	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	20,080	8,690	11,390	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	19,440	8,970	10,470	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	17,565	9,045	8,520	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	14,515	8,055	6,460	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	12,475	7,390	5,085	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	43,130	29,030	14,105	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	10,755	6,400	4,355	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	9,620	5,530	4,090	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	22,755	17,095	5,665	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	138,960	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,697	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,061	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	29,660	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,881	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,074	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	109,300	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,643	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,177	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	138,960	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,009	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	84,163	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	29,650	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,675	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,315	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	109,315	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,204	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,785	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	138,965	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	1,150	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,130	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,755	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,455	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,290	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,060	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,470	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,480	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5,040	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,830	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	9,980	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	9,605	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	9,135	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	8,800	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	8,425	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	57,350	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	17,510	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	13,185	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15,375	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	11,290	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	138,960	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	1,255	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,160	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,805	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,630	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,795	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,620	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5,195	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5,770	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5,915	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5,975	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	12,255	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	11,505	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	11,235	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10,415	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	8,950	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	43,490	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	17,790	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	11,260	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	14,445	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	106,430	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,406	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,911	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	32,690	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,756	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,240	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	52,550	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,911	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,820	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	18,460	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,071	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,788	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	106,430	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,104	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,559	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	32,630	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,958	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,399	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	52,625	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,829	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,545	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	18,440	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,363	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,192	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	40,580	19,655	20,920	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	36,116	40,492	33,090	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,498	35,649	30,294	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	40,520	19,705	20,820	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	44,874	49,180	40,800	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,634	40,397	35,019	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	375,605	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	154,840	72,855	81,985	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	27,170	12,950	14,220	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	27,390	12,045	15,345	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	29,835	13,870	15,965	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	33,430	15,945	17,485	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	37,020	18,050	18,970	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	220,760	110,950	109,805	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	39,910	19,780	20,130	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	43,495	21,570	21,925	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	47,155	23,660	23,495	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	50,080	25,380	24,705	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	40,125	20,565	19,560	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	375,605	183,810	191,795	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	83,635	42,655	40,975	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	26,140	13,400	12,745	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	239,350	117,280	122,075	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	52,620	23,875	28,745	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	38,475	17,490	20,990	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	11,450	5,830	5,620	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	3,835	1,965	1,870	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	22,620	10,230	12,395	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	4,405	1,430	2,975	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.2	9.5	10.9	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	13.7	13.7	13.7	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	14.7	14.7	14.7	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.5	8.7	10.2	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	8.4	6.0	10.3	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	21,705	10,590	11,115	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	5,655	2,920	2,740	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	1,915	1,005	915	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	15,055	7,285	7,775	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	990	385	605	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	5.8	5.8	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.8	6.7	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	7.3	7.5	7.2	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.3	6.2	6.4	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.6	2.1	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	375,605	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	373,240	182,750	190,490	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	373,030	182,655	190,370	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	27,645	11,860	15,785	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	56,995	27,525	29,465	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	95	35	55	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	55	20	40	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	30	10	20	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	145	70	75
Naskapi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	65	25	45
Plains Cree	10	0	10	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	605	255	350
Woods Cree	10	0	0	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	180	95	85
Malecite	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	10	20	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	0	0	0	205	95	105
Ojibway	30	10	15	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	0	0	10	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	0	0	10	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	20	20	10	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	0	0	0	120	35	85
Mohawk	25	20	0	1,625	710	915
Oneida	0	0	0	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	180	65	110
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	56,905	27,495	29,415	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,810	1,470	1,335	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	0	0	0	925	505	415
Kabyle	0	0	0	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	75	45	35	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	0	0	0	355	200	160
Oromo	10	10	0	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	70	30	40	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	370	170	205
Semitic languages	2,710	1,420	1,285	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	75	45	30	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	2,180	1,170	1,010	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	10	0	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	20	0	15	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	135	65	70	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	280	120	160	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	10	10	10	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	590	250	340	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	40	40	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	515	210	305	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	3,265	1,270	2,000	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	10	0	0	755	340	425
Cebuano	225	95	125	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	0	0	0	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	40	15	25	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	110	45	65	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	0	0	0	215	115	100
Malay	175	70	105	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	50	15	35	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	10	0	0	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,910	1,130	1,780	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	600	260	335	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	40	20	25	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	225	95	135	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	335	160	175	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	2,855	1,460	1,395	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	95	55	40	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	335	155	175	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	2,395	1,250	1,145	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	170	70	100	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	39,535	19,360	20,180	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	115	60	55	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	155	70	80	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	8,680	4,100	4,590	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	105	45	55	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	55	30	25	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	50	20	30	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	8,600	4,055	4,545	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	15	15	0	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	60	35	25	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	85	45	35	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	630	320	310	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	255	140	115	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	905	445	460	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	3,640	1,675	1,965	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	1,135	465	670	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	720	375	340	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	20	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	195	100	95	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	230	95	130	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	1,420	655	765	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	140	65	80	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	70	40	35	1,480	720	765
Welsh	30	0	20	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	5,305	2,420	2,880	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	215	80	130	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	125	45	85	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	1,780	825	950	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	70	30	40	1,655	820	835
German	3,040	1,400	1,645	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	20	10	15	285	130	155
Norwegian	60	40	20	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	110	55	55	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	20	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	20	10	10	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	1,800	895	900	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	10,330	5,200	5,130	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	8,335	4,170	4,160	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	665	335	330	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	1,140	555	585	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	2,535	1,285	1,250	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	15	10	0	600	300	300
Konkani	65	40	25	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	100	45	50	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	25	15	15	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,715	905	810	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	135	60	75	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	440	180	260	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	4,040	2,060	1,975	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	2,140	1,090	1,045	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	35	25	10	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	165	95	65	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	2,020	1,015	1,005	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	90	55	35	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	13,930	7,015	6,910	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	0	0	0	515	275	240
Italian	5,395	2,815	2,580	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	2,575	1,285	1,290	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	880	415	470	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	5,465	2,700	2,765	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	1,355	745	605
Japanese	240	90	150	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	0	0	10	1,555	775	780
Georgian	0	0	0	1,555	770	785
Korean	460	240	220	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	515	225	285
Mongolian	0	0	0	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	1,195	585	610	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	185	100	85	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	20	10	0	385	195	185
Edo	20	10	15	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	15	0	10	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	700	320	375
Ga	15	10	10	1,340	645	695
Ganda	0	0	0	1,225	550	675
Igbo	70	35	35	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	125	80	50	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	20	35	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	70	35	35	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	80	35	45	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	210	110	100	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	0	0	0	730	355	375
Yoruba	200	95	105	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	315	150	160	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	0	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	0	0	0	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	655	230	430	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	420	125	295	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	240	105	140	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,295	2,020	2,280	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	4,245	1,995	2,250	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	1,775	790	990	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	20	10	10	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	2,610	1,235	1,375	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	0	0	0	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	115	65	55	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	40	25	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	215	105	110	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	60	35	25	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	15	0	10	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	35	15	15	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	195	135	60	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	90	45	40	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	125	90	30	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkic languages	225	120	105	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	20	0	15	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	210	115	90	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	0	0	0	700	350	345
Uzbek	0	0	0	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	915	450	465
Uralic languages	1,245	630	615	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	65	40	25	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	140	65	80	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	1,035	525	510	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	375,600	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	362,730	177,510	185,220	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	82,270	41,930	40,340	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	280,460	135,580	144,880	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	12,870	6,300	6,575	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	375,605	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	306,075	150,495	155,575	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	67,575	32,140	35,435	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	29,040	13,715	15,325	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	9,705	4,710	4,990	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	11,450	5,480	5,975	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	12,830	6,055	6,775	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	6,870	3,250	3,620	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	5,960	2,805	3,155	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	4,545	2,180	2,365	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	1,955	1,175	785	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	67,570	32,140	35,430	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	8,290	4,230	4,055	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	14,680	7,405	7,280	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	16,525	7,290	9,235	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	24,265	11,580	12,680	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	3,815	1,630	2,180	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	67,575	32,140	35,430	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	16,170	7,365	8,805	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	305	105	195	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	370	185	190	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	245	130	115	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	2,570	1,150	1,420	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	125	55	70	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	4,675	2,105	2,570	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	345	140	210	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	180	75	105	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	2,205	1,095	1,110	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	2,290	955	1,335	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	2,855	1,365	1,490	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	28,890	13,890	15,000	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	230	145	85	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	425	210	210	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	220	140	80	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	1,720	835	885	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	715	380	330	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	555	315	245	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	620	290	330	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	2,445	1,335	1,110	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	1,580	775	805	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	2,250	980	1,275	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	1,225	625	600	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	800	385	415	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	420	165	250	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	350	165	185	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	505	220	280	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	12,465	5,800	6,670	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	2,370	1,130	1,240	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	3,465	1,750	1,715	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	15	10	10	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	400	215	185	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	120	60	55	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	205	85	120	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	75	55	25	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	445	205	240	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	35	20	15	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	515	275	235	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	1,650	820	835	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	18,770	8,970	9,795	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	970	485	485	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	425	210	220	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,240	1,010	1,230	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	505	225	280	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	3,235	1,615	1,620	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	485	265	220	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	150	80	75	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	85	15	70	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	405	215	195	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	370	205	165	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	2,500	1,315	1,185	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	3,190	1,290	1,900	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	1,830	880	950	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	55	30	20	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	115	55	65	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	430	170	260	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	1,775	905	875	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	280	165	115	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	4,545	2,180	2,365	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	1,040	550	485	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	40	15	25	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	70	45	30	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	25	10	15	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	40	25	20	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	235	150	85	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	55	25	30	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	240	120	115	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	25	10	10	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	310	155	155	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	540	270	270	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	10	10	0	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	10	10	0	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	25	20	0	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	0	0	0	880	400	480
Romania	60	25	30	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	10	0	10	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	65	25	35	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	185	105	80	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	180	75	100	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	475	255	215	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	0	0	0	415	180	240
Cameroon	10	0	0	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	15	10	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	20	10	0	605	245	360
Egypt	125	65	60	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	0	0	0	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	0	0	0	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	10	0	0	655	275	375
Nigeria	90	50	40	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	0	0	0	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	0	0	0	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	150	85	65	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	2,440	1,065	1,380	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	60	25	35	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	55	25	25	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	415	185	230	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	10	0	0	1,985	800	1,190
India	530	250	280	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	80	40	45	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	30	0	20	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	10	10	0	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	25	0	25	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	20	10	15	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	20	10	10	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	0	0	0	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	315	155	160	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	475	155	315	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	70	40	30	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	135	65	70	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10	0	0	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	15	0	0	1,015	435	580
Turkey	0	10	0	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	20	10	10	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	15	0	10	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	145	70	70	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	55	40	15	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	45	35	10	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	10	10	10	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	375,605	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	70,785	33,960	36,825	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	86,790	43,465	43,330	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	218,030	106,380	111,645	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	39,545	18,890	20,655	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	18,125	9,070	9,055	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	7,005	4,440	2,560	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	11,125	4,625	6,500	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	15,070	6,390	8,680	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	5,970	3,260	2,710	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	380	170	210	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	375,605	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	8,965	4,265	4,705	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	8,560	4,085	4,475	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,065	2,425	2,640	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	3,345	1,595	1,745	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	155	65	85	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	185	80	105	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	220	100	120	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	366,635	179,545	187,090	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	375,600	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	2,395	1,200	1,200	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	373,210	182,610	190,600	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	375,605	183,810	191,790	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	1,255	590	670	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	1,225	580	645	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	810	380	425	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	405	200	205	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	30	10	25	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	0	20	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	13,435	6,230	7,200	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	13,025	6,005	7,020	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	9,765	4,525	5,240	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,065	1,385	1,685	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	195	95	95	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	405	225	180	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	405	220	185	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	360,915	176,990	183,920	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	375,605	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	64,560	32,000	32,555	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	15,930	8,245	7,685	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	5,870	2,795	3,080	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	21,290	10,300	10,990	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	5,240	2,380	2,865	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	3,170	1,655	1,520	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	2,210	1,205	1,000	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	1,240	580	660	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	2,010	1,010	995	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	605	335	270	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	805	405	400	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	2,770	1,315	1,455	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	3,410	1,770	1,640	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	311,045	151,805	159,240	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	375,600	183,810	191,795	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	14,690	6,815	7,870	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	11,015	5,140	5,875	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	215	100	115	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	3,900	1,810	2,090	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	123,925	60,965	62,960	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	550	270	280	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	4,400	2,110	2,285	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	120,305	59,260	61,045	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	15	10	0	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	700	335	355	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	55	45	10	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	70	30	40	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	165	105	55	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	30	10	15	675	375	300
European origins	269,780	130,930	138,855	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	197,435	94,805	102,625	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	10	0	10	1,120	530	590
Cornish	0	0	0	755	370	385
English	115,285	54,995	60,290	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	83,360	38,920	44,440	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	90	25	65	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	84,405	40,410	43,995	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	8,485	3,935	4,550	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	13,045	6,000	7,045	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	37,485	17,670	19,815	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	10	0	10	1,235	495	740
Breton	0	0	0	290	175	120
Corsican	0	0	0	205	125	85
French	37,475	17,665	19,805	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	52,170	25,115	27,055	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	2,450	1,260	1,195	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	10	0	10	450	225	230
Belgian	1,190	570	615	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	18,425	8,880	9,545	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	90	55	35	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	45	10	30	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	32,865	15,680	17,190	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	15	0	15	915	500	415
Swiss	1,320	695	625	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	35	20	20	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,785	3,685	4,100	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	1,880	890	985	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	1,690	790	905	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	520	235	285	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	1,700	810	885	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	2,060	980	1,080	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	405	195	210	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	37,910	18,255	19,655	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	300	160	140	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	210	135	80	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	1,040	535	505	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	420	195	225	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	435	270	165	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	4,545	2,235	2,310	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	440	235	210	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	645	280	365	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	25	15	10	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	15,115	7,215	7,900	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	1,900	920	980	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	3,615	1,660	1,955	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	1,110	575	540	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	13,705	6,575	7,125	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	85	50	30	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	45,785	23,155	22,630	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	200	100	95	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	180	110	70	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	0	0	0	285	180	110
Croatian	1,580	820	760	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	95	25	70	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	4,690	2,355	2,335	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	22,870	11,765	11,100	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	20	0	20	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	2,105	1,095	1,005	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	2,255	1,025	1,230	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	30	15	15	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	7,830	3,890	3,940	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	950	500	450	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	225	105	115	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	745	390	350	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	5,050	2,415	2,640	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	645	350	295	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	10	0	0	965	425	540
Other European origins	1,875	995	880	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	50	20	25	1,585	805	780
Jewish	845	460	390	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	10	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	85	40	45	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	895	475	415	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	20,225	9,645	10,580	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	165	85	80	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	115	60	55	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	1,595	765	835	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	40	20	25	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	180	50	130	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	340	175	170	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	280	125	160	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	605	260	340	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	70	20	50
Haitian	285	125	150	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	11,850	5,715	6,140	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	80	35	45	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	0	0	0	195	65	125
Montserratan	25	10	15	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	50	35	15	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	295	145	145	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	3,415	1,640	1,770	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	630	285	345	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	2,530	1,095	1,440	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	555	270	285	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	8,315	4,040	4,275	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	295	150	145	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	75	25	50	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	150	85	60	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	40	15	20	810	395	415
Bolivian	60	30	30	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	390	140	250	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	335	155	180	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	560	305	255	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	65	40	25	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	340	140	195	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	260	155	105	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	3,535	1,680	1,860	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	90	40	50	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	50	25	20	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	55	30	25	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	920	495	420	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	80	40	45	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	115	50	65	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	15	0	10	600	280	320
Peruvian	310	170	140	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	325	170	165	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	45	35	15	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	365	195	170	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	270	110	160	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	8,560	4,315	4,250	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	1,785	935	845	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	15	15	0	965	540	425
Angolan	55	45	10	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	15	10	10	1,205	620	585
Beninese	0	0	0	555	280	270
Burkinabe	0	0	0	415	190	225
Cameroonian	160	75	85	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	0	0	0	645	320	325
Congolese	295	175	115	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	10	0	0	1,025	545	480
Ewe	10	0	10	180	95	80
Gabonese	0	0	0	170	80	90
Gambian	0	0	0	630	305	330
Ghanaian	375	190	190	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	45	35	15	1,105	550	560
Ibo	40	35	0	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	65	20	45	1,350	600	745
Liberian	0	0	0	770	365	405
Malian	15	0	0	490	250	240
Malinké	0	0	0	345	160	185
Nigerian	575	280	300	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	0	0	0	135	80	55
Senegalese	10	0	0	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	50	30	25	1,175	585	585
Togolese	0	0	0	670	370	300
Wolof	0	0	0	80	45	35
Yoruba	145	65	85	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	110	60	50	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	1,060	555	510	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	40	20	20	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	0	0	0	1,845	985	860
Coptic	30	10	20	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	0	0	0	205	110	95
Egyptian	665	320	340	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	100	55	40	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	0	0	0	290	160	125
Moroccan	130	90	35	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	35	20	15	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	20	15	10	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	65	25	40	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	1,750	885	860	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	0	0	0	560	285	275
Amhara	10	0	0	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	35	20	10	870	455	415
Burundian	80	40	40	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	10	0	10	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	50	15	30	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	170	85	90	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	0	0	0	475	255	215
Kenyan	130	60	70	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	430	200	230
Mauritian	50	10	40	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	10	0	10	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	50	25	20	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	25	10	20	350	140	205
Somali	105	55	55	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	620	340	280	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	70	50	15	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	0	0	0	770	395	375
Ugandan	45	25	20	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	45	25	20	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	140	65	70	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	20	15	0	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	195	80	115	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	4,145	2,030	2,120	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	700	350	350	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	3,535	1,725	1,815	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	40,775	20,265	20,510	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	6,730	3,470	3,260	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	1,745	870	875	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	670	355	315	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	440	215	225	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	10	0	10	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	10	10	0	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	0	0	0	680	390	290
Iranian	815	430	385	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	215	125	90	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	190	110	80	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	145	90	55	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	10	10	0	1,325	610	715
Kurd	40	25	15	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	10	0	0	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	20	10	10	340	130	210
Lebanese	1,170	535	635	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	505	290	210	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	20	15	10	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	150	90	60	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	345	185	160	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	35	15	15	1,850	880	970
Tatar	25	10	20	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	475	265	215	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	0	0	0	695	345	355
Uighur	0	0	0	755	385	375
Uzbek	70	30	35	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	0	0	0	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	140	90	50	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	18,310	9,395	8,915	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	325	165	165	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	125	70	50	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	0	0	0	1,450	710	735
East Indian	12,125	6,240	5,880	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	65	25	40	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	65	35	30	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	65	45	20	1,795	900	895
Nepali	25	15	15	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	2,795	1,425	1,370	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	330	180	150	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	70	25	45	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	2,215	1,125	1,090	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	590	330	260	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,105	535	570	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	16,785	7,900	8,885	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	80	30	55	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	125	80	45	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	8,585	4,090	4,500	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	5,865	2,655	3,210	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	0	0	0	650	340	305
Indonesian	265	135	125	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	1,060	515	545	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	0	0	0	1,645	830	815
Korean	655	345	315	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	120	65	50	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	190	110	80	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	60	35	30	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	10	10	10	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	65	20	45	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	175	105	75	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	35	15	20	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	710	315	395	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	40	20	15	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	135	70	70	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	140	70	70	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	685	365	320	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	470	250	225	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	145	75	70	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	95	55	35	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	55	35	15	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	25	15	10	470	235	240
Maori	0	0	0	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	0	0	0	275	115	165
Samoan	0	0	0	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	15	10	0	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	138,960	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	108,085	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	30,875	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	138,965	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	8,525	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	130,440	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	138,965	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	350	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	9,845	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	21,470	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	59,780	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	47,520	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	138,960	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	21,340	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	18,270	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	23,715	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	23,225	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	52,415	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	138,960	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	137,735	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,230	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	138,965	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	133,785	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	5,175	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	138,960	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	24,810	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	35,435	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	21,895	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	20,695	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	14,995	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	12,070	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	9,070	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	138,960	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	131,710	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	7,250	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	138,960	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	75,245	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	60,285	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	3,430	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	138,965	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,000	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	17,195	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	26,225	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	32,930	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	27,920	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	18,615	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	10,325	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	3,750	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	138,550	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	104,210	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	34,335	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	31,000	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	107,775	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	68.8	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	18.0	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,531	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,552	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	423,962	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	461,757	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,855	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.3	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	48.5	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,051	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,109	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	306,460	148,375	158,080	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	52,645	27,010	25,635	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	92,715	45,755	46,960	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	161,100	75,605	85,495	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20,785	15,270	5,520	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	9,335	5,765	3,570	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	11,450	9,505	1,950	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	80,435	34,395	46,040	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,180	2,220	2,965	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	54,700	23,730	30,970	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	40,195	17,040	23,155	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,835	1,455	2,380	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,000	520	480	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	8,745	4,160	4,585	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	925	545	375	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	204,655	99,255	105,405	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,550	11,435	8,105	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	57,090	29,285	27,805	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	128,025	58,525	69,495	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,555	10,720	3,830	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	6,560	4,090	2,465	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	7,995	6,630	1,360	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	64,715	27,505	37,215	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,805	1,585	2,215	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	44,950	18,715	26,230	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	32,730	13,415	19,315	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,190	1,115	2,075	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	815	390	420	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	7,505	3,405	4,100	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	715	390	325	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	306,460	148,375	158,085	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	145,355	72,770	72,590	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	9,680	2,260	7,420	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	9,680	2,260	7,420	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,330	3,055	3,275	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,435	1,075	355	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	4,900	1,980	2,920	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	7,210	2,675	4,535	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	500	110	390	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	2,010	520	1,485	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,815	575	1,235	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	45	20	25	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	410	245	160	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	750	450	305	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	1,350	720	630	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	340	30	305	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	21,355	5,815	15,540	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	215	25	190	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,530	980	1,550	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,255	290	3,965	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	4,330	805	3,525	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	410	55	355	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	3,200	620	2,575	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	6,410	3,035	3,370	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	33,035	12,460	20,580	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	70	25	50	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,200	445	2,760	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	29,765	11,990	17,775	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,795	2,395	2,395	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,005	865	1,140	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,215	545	670	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	70	15	55	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	1,240	845	390	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	265	115	150	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	6,030	3,900	2,125	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,915	3,370	1,550	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	265	40	225	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	755	420	335	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	90	70	20	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	33,910	31,505	2,400	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	950	730	220	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	5,315	4,525	790	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,275	7,450	825	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	7,605	7,420	180	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	7,785	7,575	210	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	3,980	3,800	180	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,150	1,320	825	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,225	725	505	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	925	600	325	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	24,775	4,125	20,650	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,700	1,420	1,280	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	21,860	2,570	19,290	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	220	130	85	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	11,820	6,105	5,715	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	5,445	1,365	4,085	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	4,810	3,285	1,520	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,525	1,425	105	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	25	0	25	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	0	25	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	204,660	99,250	105,405	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	76,635	40,720	35,915	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	7,400	1,675	5,735	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	7,405	1,670	5,735	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,930	2,335	2,595	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,010	755	255	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	3,925	1,585	2,340	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	5,535	1,950	3,585	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	370	65	310	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	1,560	385	1,175	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,375	440	940	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	30	15	15	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	285	155	130	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	545	325	220	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	1,080	550	525	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	285	20	265	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	17,785	4,590	13,195	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	170	25	140	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,125	830	1,295	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,460	190	3,270	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	3,855	625	3,230	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	335	45	295	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	2,560	430	2,130	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	5,280	2,435	2,840	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	27,185	10,090	17,090	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	55	25	35	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,670	375	2,290	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	24,455	9,685	14,765	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,750	1,745	2,005	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,565	645	920	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	965	395	570	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	60	10	50	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	950	615	335	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	210	90	125	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,290	3,475	1,815	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,415	3,065	1,360	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	210	35	175	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	580	320	260	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	80	60	20	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	25,630	23,690	1,940	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	755	580	170	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	4,030	3,360	670	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	6,475	5,840	635	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	5,700	5,550	145	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,830	5,650	180	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	2,845	2,710	140	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,725	995	735	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	935	505	430	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	795	490	305	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	19,630	3,240	16,390	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,180	1,110	1,070	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	17,295	2,040	15,255	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	165	90	75	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	9,150	4,750	4,400	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	4,060	945	3,115	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	3,870	2,660	1,210	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,190	1,125	70	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	15	0	15	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	15	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	306,460	148,375	158,080	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	145,355	72,765	72,590	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	161,100	75,610	85,495	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	141,205	65,535	75,670	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	133,145	61,540	71,605	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	8,065	3,995	4,070	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	19,895	10,075	9,820	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	3,530	1,835	1,695	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	1,475	530	940	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	1,510	730	780	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	3,485	2,095	1,395	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	860	395	465	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	110	70	40	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	8,930	4,425	4,505	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	204,655	99,250	105,405	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	76,635	40,725	35,910	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	128,020	58,530	69,495	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	113,615	51,655	61,960	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	107,375	48,605	58,775	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	6,235	3,050	3,195	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	14,405	6,875	7,530	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	2,860	1,430	1,425	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	1,125	385	745	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	1,260	590	670	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	1,545	890	650	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	740	325	410	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	100	70	30	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	6,780	3,180	3,595	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	306,455	148,375	158,080	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	203,165	104,150	99,015	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	186,205	95,000	91,200	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	16,960	9,150	7,810	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	103,290	44,220	59,070	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	66.3	70.2	62.6	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	60.8	64.0	57.7	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	8.3	8.8	7.9	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	306,455	148,375	158,085	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	98,805	41,900	56,905	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	207,655	106,475	101,180	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	112,715	63,345	49,370	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	94,940	43,130	51,805	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	44.0	42.8	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	203,170	104,155	99,015	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,195	2,455	2,740	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	197,975	101,700	96,275	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	179,550	90,200	89,345	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	18,425	11,490	6,935	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	203,165	104,150	99,015	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,190	2,455	2,740	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	197,975	101,700	96,275	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	21,685	13,120	8,565	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	31,135	8,535	22,605	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	11,780	9,295	2,480	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	12,385	1,885	10,500	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	24,685	7,640	17,045	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,340	2,345	2,990	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	47,705	20,310	27,395	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30,625	28,670	1,955	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,600	2,185	420	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10,030	7,710	2,320	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	203,165	104,150	99,015	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,195	2,455	2,735	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	197,975	101,695	96,280	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,365	885	480	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	355	255	100	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	5,300	3,965	1,340	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	15,990	14,200	1,790	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	17,805	13,235	4,565	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	7,360	5,065	2,300	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	23,610	11,135	12,475	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	9,490	7,260	2,230	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	5,115	2,825	2,290	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	9,945	4,070	5,880	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,600	1,765	1,830	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	12,495	6,395	6,105	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	375	135	240	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	9,990	5,675	4,315	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	16,300	4,615	11,685	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	21,970	3,090	18,880	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,245	2,240	2,010	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	12,640	4,890	7,750	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	7,955	3,705	4,255	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	12,075	6,305	5,765	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	186,205	95,005	91,200	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	11,635	5,530	6,105	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	375	250	120	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	22,140	16,340	5,795	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	152,055	72,875	79,175	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	152,050	72,875	79,175	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	47,650	19,450	28,200	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	53,795	25,305	28,495	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	50,200	27,870	22,330	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	405	250	155	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	174,195	89,220	84,980	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	139,200	73,560	65,635	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10,775	5,295	5,480	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	16,635	6,980	9,655	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	5,455	2,220	3,235	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	505	385	110	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	1,630	780	855	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	174,200	89,220	84,975	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	40,725	16,925	23,800	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	50,955	24,140	26,815	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	27,650	15,275	12,380	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	17,770	10,760	7,005	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	37,095	22,125	14,975	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	174,195	89,215	84,980	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	18,385	13,485	4,900	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	34,935	20,445	14,490	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	41,585	19,450	22,125	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30,320	11,300	19,020	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	17,345	7,180	10,160	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	31,630	17,350	14,280	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	213,995	109,545	104,450	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	212,500	108,925	103,570	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	211,760	108,500	103,265	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	210,695	108,245	102,450	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	1,065	245	815	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	735	430	310	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	735	430	310	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	10	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	0	0	0	75	30	45
Arabic	10	10	10	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	395	140	260
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	95	50	50
Vietnamese	15	10	15	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	10	10	10	75	45	30
Tamil	25	20	10	1,870	900	975
Telugu	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	370	250	120	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	0	0	0	275	170	105
Armenian	0	0	0	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	35	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages	60	20	40	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	100	55	40
Bulgarian	0	0	0	120	85	40
Croatian	0	0	0	155	100	50
Czech	0	0	0	25	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Polish	30	10	20	1,925	960	960
Russian	15	10	10	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	0	10	0	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	10	0	10	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Dutch	10	0	0	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	0	0	0	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	0	0	0	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	0	0	0	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	75	30	40	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	65	25	40	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	0	0	0	335	160	170
Gujarati	10	0	0	730	255	475
Hindi	0	0	0	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Nepali	0	0	0	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	0	15	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	30	15	10
Urdu	30	20	10	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	10	10	10	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	0	0	0	105	95	15
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	15	0	0	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	230	190	40	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	10	0	0	945	505	445
Portuguese	35	25	10	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	0	0	0	300	140	160
Spanish	190	165	20	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	15	10	10	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	15
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	810	295	515
American Sign Language	10	0	10	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	265	140	125	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	265	135	125	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	65	25	40	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mandarin	190	110	85	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	235	95	145
Lao	0	0	0	80	40	35
Thai	0	0	0	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	0	0	0	440	295	140
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	420	205	220
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Finnish	0	0	0	75	25	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple responses	1,500	620	880	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	920	350	565	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	560	260	295	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	0	0	0	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	214,000	109,545	104,450	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	208,465	107,020	101,445	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	985	265	715	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	2,615	1,180	1,435	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	1,870	1,055	820	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	1,865	1,055	815	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	0	0	0	245	100	150
English and non-official language	25	0	20	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	40	20	15	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	371,715	181,875	189,840	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	330,675	161,805	168,870	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	41,035	20,070	20,965	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	18,775	8,995	9,780	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	22,260	11,075	11,185	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	20,985	10,415	10,565	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	19,875	9,845	10,030	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	1,110	570	535	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	1,280	660	620	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	354,060	172,910	181,150	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	225,920	110,750	115,170	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	128,150	62,165	65,980	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	58,505	28,145	30,355	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	69,645	34,020	35,625	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	64,130	31,205	32,925	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	61,435	29,925	31,515	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	2,690	1,285	1,410	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	5,515	2,810	2,705	549,965	271,080	278,885