Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Essex, County [Census division], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Essex, CTY Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Essex, County [Census division], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	398,953	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	388,782	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	168,569	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	159,053	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	215.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	1,850.90	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	398,950	196,255	202,695
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	66,770	34,370	32,405
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	20,175	10,390	9,785
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	22,635	11,640	10,995
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	23,965	12,340	11,625
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	261,740	130,110	131,635
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	25,220	13,050	12,170
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	27,080	14,060	13,025
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	23,395	11,910	11,485
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	21,815	10,530	11,285
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	23,020	11,080	11,945
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	25,880	12,580	13,295
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	28,020	13,825	14,200
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	31,240	15,500	15,745
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	29,995	14,920	15,075
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	26,070	12,660	13,415
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	70,440	31,785	38,660
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	23,270	11,160	12,105
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	16,455	7,950	8,505
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	12,130	5,500	6,635
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	8,915	3,895	5,020
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	9,670	3,270	6,395
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	5,965	2,280	3,680
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	2,915	810	2,100
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	695	155	535
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	100	25	80
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	16.7	17.5	16.0
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	65.6	66.3	64.9
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	17.7	16.2	19.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.4	1.7	3.2
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.4	40.3	42.4
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	42.4	41.3	43.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	111,145	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	13,665	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	33,500	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	6,830	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	8,870	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	4,485	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	13,135	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	175	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	45,550	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	53,040	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	24,055	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	22,360	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	14,045	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	391,005	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	332,180	161,890	170,290
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	186,655	93,615	93,040
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	163,055	81,835	81,215
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	23,600	11,775	11,825
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	145,525	68,275	77,255
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	92,590	50,555	42,030
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	10,155	4,395	5,760
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	21,875	9,110	12,765
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	20,915	4,220	16,695
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	111,325	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	54,890	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	23,660	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	21,725	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	11,050	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	111,325	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	90,865	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	79,070	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	11,795	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	20,455	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	16,360	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	4,095	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	90,870	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	42,885	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	47,985	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	17,660	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	19,925	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	10,400	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	20,455	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	12,010	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	6,000	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	2,450	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	63,525	30,850	32,675
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	159,050	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	106,035	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	40,850	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	65,185	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	2,590	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	50,430	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	45,550	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	4,880	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	395,110	194,770	200,340
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	348,270	173,910	174,365
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	430	175	255
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	38,310	17,115	21,200
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	8,105	3,580	4,525
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	395,110	194,770	200,340
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	374,515	185,365	189,150
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	10,080	4,700	5,375
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	2,560	1,205	1,360
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	7,955	3,500	4,455
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	11,365	5,305	6,055
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.9	2.7	3.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	395,110	194,770	200,340
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	386,140	190,410	195,725
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	299,180	147,865	151,320
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	288,485	142,875	145,610
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	10,700	4,995	5,710
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	86,955	42,550	44,405
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	55	25	30
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	30	15	20
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	10	5	10
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	15	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	20	10	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	86,900	42,520	44,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	18,525	9,235	9,295
Berber languages	220	130	90	10	10	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	575	250	330
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	45	25	25
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	525	225	305
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	5	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	17,930	8,970	8,960
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	100	55	50
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	14,435	7,250	7,185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	465	230	235
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	2,425	1,180	1,245
Harari	930	435	490	0	5	5
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	25	15	10
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	215	115	100
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	130	60	65
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	130	65	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	2,395	1,145	1,255
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	420	195	230
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	1,970	950	1,025
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	2,400	945	1,445
Bikol	470	210	260	5	5	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	85	30	55
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	30	5	20
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	95	40	60
Malagasy	25	15	15	5	0	5
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	90	45	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	20	10	10
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	2,015	795	1,220
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	35	15	25
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	220	100	115
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	15	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	165	75	90
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	35	15	20
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	690	390	300
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	30	15	15
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	185	100	80
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	305	165	135
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	160	105	55
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	15	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	51,345	25,160	26,185
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	965	465	495
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	210	95	115
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	12,185	5,710	6,480
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	75	30	50
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	20	10	10
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	55	20	35
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	12,110	5,680	6,430
Belarusan	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	320	160	160
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	110	45	65
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	1,755	845	910
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	195	80	115
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	1,185	580	610
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	3,095	1,415	1,680
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	605	250	355
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	2,850	1,435	1,415
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	215	100	115
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	915	415	500
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	155	65	90
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	620	245	370
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	85	45	40
Celtic languages	460	210	250	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	15	10	5
Welsh	150	65	85	10	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	0	5
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	9,125	4,385	4,745
Afrikaans	985	475	510	35	20	20
Danish	1,570	710	855	65	30	35
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	700	345	350
Frisian	135	60	75	15	10	5
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	8,180	3,920	4,260
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	5	5	5
Swedish	1,140	485	660	15	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	85	35	50
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	20	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	0	5
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	1,050	515	530
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	8,415	4,365	4,055
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	7,540	3,940	3,600
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	645	320	320
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	785	455	330
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	705	395	310
Kashmiri	275	140	140	10	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	5	0	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	70	40	30
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	460	225	235
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	2,475	1,285	1,185
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	35	15	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	110	55	60
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	2,245	1,145	1,105
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	830	400	425
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	135	70	65
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	50	20	30
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	645	310	330
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	19,370	9,620	9,750
Catalan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	9,595	4,670	4,925
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	2,360	1,140	1,215
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	2,235	1,065	1,170
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	5,150	2,720	2,430
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	30	15	20
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	85	40	50
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	475	235	235
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	0	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	795	380	415
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	80	50	35
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	15	10	10
Ewe	370	185	190	10	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	5	5	5
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	5
Ganda	515	245	270	25	15	10
Igbo	1,520	775	750	50	20	30
Lingala	375	175	200	25	10	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	35	15	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	65	30	35
Shona	680	325	355	10	5	5
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	205	95	115
Wolof	160	90	80	10	0	10
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	140	70	75
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	115	55	65
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	195	100	95
Dinka	45	25	15	55	25	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	140	75	65
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	105	45	60
American Sign Language	470	250	220	50	25	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	55	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	7,220	3,580	3,645
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	6,855	3,390	3,465
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	2,055	1,015	1,045
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	30	15	15
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	4,045	2,000	2,045
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	100	45	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	70	25	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	560	290	265
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	365	190	175
Burmese	1,005	450	555	45	25	20
Karenic languages	265	125	140	300	155	150
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	430	210	225
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	235	105	120
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	195	95	100
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	465	225	240
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	20	10	10
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	380	185	190
Uyghur	385	195	195	40	15	25
Uzbek	595	300	295	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	15	5	10
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	1,510	705	805
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	15	5	5
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	120	55	60
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	1,380	645	730
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	40	20	20
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	8,970	4,355	4,615
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	1,860	845	1,015
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	6,400	3,185	3,215
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	410	185	230
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	305	140	160
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	395,115	194,770	200,340
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	377,430	186,145	191,285
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	333,670	164,825	168,845
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	330,760	163,505	167,255
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	2,910	1,320	1,595
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	43,760	21,320	22,435
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	43,740	21,310	22,425
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	11,070	5,310	5,760
Berber languages	65	30	30	5	0	5
Kabyle	35	15	15	5	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	375	155	225
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	30	15	10
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	345	135	205
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	10,685	5,150	5,535
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	45	25	25
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	8,640	4,180	4,460
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	305	145	155
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	1,515	720	795
Harari	520	235	285	5	5	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	5	5	0
Maltese	875	395	475	35	15	20
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	55	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	1,570	740	830
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	235	105	125
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	1,335	640	700
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	1,045	475	570
Bikol	85	35	45	5	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	35	20	15
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	10	0	5
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	15	5	10
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	30	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	10	5	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	920	415	500
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	25	15	15
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	140	70	75
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	15	10	5
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	120	55	70
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	15	10	5
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	345	175	170
Kannada	830	415	410	15	5	10
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	80	40	45
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	175	90	85
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	70	40	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	22,500	11,040	11,460
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	465	235	235
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	95	40	60
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	4,930	2,325	2,600
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	10	0	10
Latvian	600	245	355	5	0	0
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	10	5	5
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	4,915	2,325	2,595
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	165	75	90
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	40	15	15
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	565	265	300
Czech	1,415	685	730	55	25	35
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	520	260	260
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	1,320	615	700
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	295	125	165
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	1,470	715	750
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	95	40	55
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	275	120	155
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	25	10	10
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	80	30	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	25	5	15
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	2,955	1,460	1,500
Afrikaans	265	125	145	5	5	5
Danish	135	65	75	5	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	50	25	25
Frisian	5	0	0	5	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	2,760	1,365	1,390
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	10	5	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	125	55	70
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	395	190	210
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	5,300	2,670	2,630
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	4,805	2,445	2,360
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	385	190	200
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	505	285	220
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	365	195	175
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	30	15	15
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	385	180	200
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	1,670	850	820
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	55	25	30
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	1,405	700	705
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	475	215	255
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	85	40	40
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	30	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	360	165	195
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	8,355	4,125	4,225
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	2,925	1,230	1,695
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	950	425	525
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	1,135	555	580
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	3,335	1,910	1,425
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	10	0	5
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	35	15	20
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	340	175	165
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	265	125	140
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	25	15	10
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	5	5	0
Ewe	95	40	55	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	5	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	10	5	10
Lingala	95	40	55	10	10	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	10	5	5
Shona	235	115	125	10	5	5
Swahili	1,225	540	690	70	30	40
Wolof	80	45	35	10	5	5
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	40	20	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	50	20	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	95	40	55
Dinka	15	5	5	30	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	70	30	40
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	115	60	55
American Sign Language	720	375	345	30	20	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	75	40	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	5,220	2,615	2,605
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	4,905	2,455	2,450
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	1,370	665	705
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	5	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	3,050	1,545	1,505
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	45	25	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	50	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	385	195	195
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	315	165	155
Burmese	575	260	310	35	15	20
Karenic languages	215	105	110	270	140	130
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	275	155	125
Lao	1,050	505	540	125	60	65
Thai	575	255	320	150	90	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	245	110	135
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	200	95	115
Uyghur	225	120	105	25	10	20
Uzbek	315	165	145	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	10	5	5
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	460	200	260
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	25	10	15
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	440	190	245
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	20	10	15
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	17,680	8,620	9,060
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	1,035	460	575
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	15,990	7,895	8,100
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	130	50	80
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	520	215	305
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	395,110	194,770	200,340
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	340,690	168,580	172,110
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	18,810	9,310	9,500
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	7,575	3,235	4,335
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	26,920	13,120	13,805
Aboriginal	480	205	275	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	26,875	13,100	13,775
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	250	110	140
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	375	190	185
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	480	220	255
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	324,325	158,215	166,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	309,220	151,560	157,660
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	33,040	41,227	26,872
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	309,345	151,565	157,785
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	30,263	36,829	25,086
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	270,210	136,295	133,910
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	31,258	39,523	24,203
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	234,280	106,815	127,460
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	6,139	4,520	6,834
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	223,595	119,410	104,180
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	30,129	35,426	26,009
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	324,330	158,165	166,165
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	309,265	151,560	157,705
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	44,139	52,973	35,650
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	309,395	151,565	157,825
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	37,436	44,102	31,034
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	270,510	136,220	134,295
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	43,419	52,892	33,810
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	234,755	107,020	127,735
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	8,116	7,697	8,468
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	223,595	119,170	104,425
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	42,020	48,637	34,468
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	324,325	158,165	166,165
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	100,680	57,865	42,815
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	52,515	59,696	45,314
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	63,848	72,166	52,606
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	86.0	89.8	80.6
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	68.7	72.2	63.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	14.0	10.2	19.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	324,330	158,215	166,115
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	15,110	6,655	8,455
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	309,220	151,560	157,660
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.3	95.8	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	46,625	19,925	26,700
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	53,800	20,560	33,240
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	42,810	16,725	26,085
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	36,090	16,275	19,820
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	33,845	17,920	15,920
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	24,160	13,455	10,705
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	17,325	10,335	6,990
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	13,365	8,570	4,800
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	10,610	6,800	3,815
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	8,830	5,100	3,725
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	21,760	15,890	5,870
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	15,145	10,725	4,420
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	6,620	5,165	1,450
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	324,325	158,215	166,115
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	14,980	6,650	8,330
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	309,345	151,565	157,780
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.4	95.8	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	47,945	20,155	27,790
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	56,130	21,520	34,605
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	49,495	19,835	29,655
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	44,415	21,605	22,815
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	36,000	19,750	16,255
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	23,675	14,225	9,450
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	16,875	10,975	5,900
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	12,395	7,525	4,865
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	22,415	15,970	6,445
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	7,225	4,780	2,450
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	4,060	2,870	1,190
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	11,130	8,325	2,805
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	324,325	158,215	166,115
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	100,735	38,805	61,930
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	223,590	119,410	104,180
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	68.9	75.5	62.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	41,160	23,555	17,605
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	17,270	7,555	9,715
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	28,995	12,625	16,370
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	23,970	10,360	13,615
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	22,205	10,245	11,960
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	19,715	9,605	10,110
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	15,230	8,550	6,675
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	11,730	7,215	4,520
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	10,335	6,845	3,490
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	32,975	22,850	10,125
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	8,220	5,345	2,880
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	7,540	4,245	3,290
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	17,215	13,265	3,955
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	159,050	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	66,658	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	59,274	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	45,550	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	34,491	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	31,338	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	113,500	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	84,248	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	74,283	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	85,824	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	72,821	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	45,520	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	43,472	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	36,928	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	113,530	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	102,806	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	87,212	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	2,715	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	2,755	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	5,015	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	6,275	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	6,860	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	6,555	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	6,925	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	7,010	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	7,170	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	7,065	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	13,190	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	11,725	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	10,530	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	9,485	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	8,310	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	47,460	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	16,050	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	10,835	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	11,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	8,620	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	159,055	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	2,825	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	2,805	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	5,085	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	6,500	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	7,685	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	7,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	8,005	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	8,500	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	8,405	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	8,265	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	15,080	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	13,420	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	11,780	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	9,855	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	8,225	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	35,205	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	14,705	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	8,685	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	11,815	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	110,170	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	84,865	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	74,726	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	39,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	76,658	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	67,708	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	48,395	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	112,711	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	97,045	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	19,085	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	49,742	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	46,748	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	110,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	103,744	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	87,901	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	39,800	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	92,840	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	78,093	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	48,450	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	129,518	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	109,195	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	18,995	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	62,923	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	55,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	55,755	27,625	28,130
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	30,925	33,959	29,003
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,486	30,643	27,049
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	55,755	27,620	28,135
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	40,004	43,110	36,955
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	34,190	36,099	32,315
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	391,000	192,530	198,475
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	198,645	94,520	104,120
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	44,115	21,345	22,770
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	39,885	17,820	22,070
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	38,715	18,170	20,550
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	37,830	18,220	19,610
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	38,095	18,965	19,130
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	192,355	98,010	94,350
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	38,825	19,510	19,310
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	38,775	19,665	19,115
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	39,840	20,380	19,455
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	39,635	20,265	19,370
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	35,285	18,190	17,095
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	391,000	192,530	198,475
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	81,610	41,975	39,635
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	24,350	12,525	11,825
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	243,540	120,225	123,315
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	65,845	30,330	35,525
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	64,665	30,230	34,435
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	18,480	9,450	9,035
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	6,340	3,240	3,105
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	38,655	18,110	20,545
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	7,530	2,675	4,855
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	16.5	15.7	17.3
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	22.6	22.5	22.8
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	26.0	25.9	26.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	15.9	15.1	16.7
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	11.4	8.8	13.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	34,975	17,360	17,620
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	8,960	4,550	4,405
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	3,170	1,645	1,520
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	24,330	12,110	12,225
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,685	700	990
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	8.9	9.0	8.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	11.0	10.8	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	13.0	13.1	12.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	10.0	10.1	9.9
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.6	2.3	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	391,000	192,530	198,475
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	383,855	189,610	194,245
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	383,490	189,460	194,035
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	38,630	17,135	21,485
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	104,210	51,290	52,915
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	90	40	50
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	40	15	25
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	30	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	20	15	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	15	10	10
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	15	0	15
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	30	15	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	25	10	20
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	10	10	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	15	10	10
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	104,125	51,255	52,870
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	23,415	11,750	11,665
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	10	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	750	335	420
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	75	30	45
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	675	300	370
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	22,765	11,460	11,310
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	215	100	115
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	20,540	10,380	10,155
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	545	290	255
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	3,280	1,570	1,710
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	115	45	75
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	325	175	150
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	155	60	95
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	180	65	115
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	2,880	1,410	1,475
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	610	290	315
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	2,285	1,120	1,160
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	3,015	1,205	1,810
Bikol	580	260	325	25	20	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	160	70	85
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	35	0	25
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	175	70	110
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	10
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	75	55	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	45	20	25
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	2,765	1,065	1,700
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	70	40	30
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	450	175	275
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	365	135	235
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	75	45	40
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	875	495	380
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	55	30	20
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	140	60	80
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	555	325	230
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	175	110	65
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	10	0	10
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	61,325	30,375	30,950
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	1,315	625	690
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	245	120	130
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	13,705	6,600	7,110
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	100	30	70
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	25	10	20
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	70	30	45
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	13,610	6,570	7,045
Belarusan	945	495	450	15	0	15
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	375	195	180
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	105	50	55
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	2,505	1,230	1,280
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	245	120	125
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	1,435	725	715
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	3,605	1,665	1,935
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,075	490	580
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	3,695	1,880	1,815
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	230	120	115
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	965	425	540
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	180	75	100
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	595	225	360
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	140	70	65
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	35	10	25
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	15	10	10
Welsh	235	115	125	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	15	0	10
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	10,960	5,460	5,500
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	130	65	65
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	115	55	65
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	765	380	390
Frisian	195	75	115	20	15	10
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	9,640	4,860	4,780
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	10	0	10
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	45	25	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	100	40	60
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	15	10	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	625	295	325
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	1,560	770	790
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	10,485	5,620	4,865
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	9,430	5,070	4,360
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	815	420	390
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	950	585	365
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	2,750	1,575	1,175
Kashmiri	475	240	235	45	15	30
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	15	10	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	115	65	55
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	445	235	210
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	3,285	1,730	1,555
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	75	45	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	145	75	70
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	3,525	1,830	1,695
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,070	570	505
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	170	100	70
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	875	465	415
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	95	50	45
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	24,690	12,160	12,520
Catalan	315	165	150	0	0	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	12,535	6,205	6,325
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	3,010	1,490	1,520
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	2,595	1,220	1,375
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	7,230	3,635	3,595
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	35	20	15
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	235	135	100
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	525	270	250
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,330	665	660
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	130	80	45
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	40	20	15
Ewe	520	270	250	25	10	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	10	10	0
Ganda	865	410	455	10	10	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	115	55	60
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	130	60	70
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	125	55	70
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	115	45	70
Shona	1,175	515	655	10	0	10
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	335	175	160
Wolof	415	185	230	20	0	15
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	270	140	130
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	260	120	140
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	160	85	80
Dinka	85	65	25	35	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	125	65	60
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	720	300	420
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	415	160	255
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	310	145	160
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	8,065	3,870	4,195
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	7,765	3,715	4,050
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	2,560	1,195	1,370
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	20	0	20
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	5,035	2,400	2,635
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	280	145	135
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	115	45	70
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	500	255	240
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	310	160	155
Burmese	1,325	600	720	85	40	45
Karenic languages	245	115	135	275	135	135
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	545	250	295
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	330	155	170
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	310	140	170
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	645	330	315
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	30	25	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	580	285	290
Uyghur	490	225	265	20	15	10
Uzbek	815	440	375	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	20	10	10
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	2,005	1,010	990
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	20	10	10
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	110	60	50
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	1,875	940	935
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	100	50	50
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	391,000	192,530	198,475
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	368,575	181,630	186,940
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	78,200	40,225	37,980
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	290,375	141,410	148,965
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	22,430	10,895	11,530
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	391,000	192,530	198,470
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	300,465	148,720	151,750
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	85,810	40,975	44,840
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	28,710	13,855	14,855
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	10,370	4,975	5,390
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	17,590	8,210	9,380
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	18,340	8,680	9,660
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	9,170	4,405	4,765
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	9,170	4,280	4,890
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	10,800	5,255	5,550
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	4,725	2,845	1,885
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	85,810	40,970	44,835
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	10,520	5,275	5,245
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	16,355	8,410	7,945
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	20,215	9,005	11,215
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	31,875	15,150	16,725
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	6,850	3,135	3,710
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	85,810	40,975	44,835
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	15,380	6,685	8,695
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	190	75	110
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	405	190	215
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	820	385	435
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	100	30	70
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	225	60	160
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	755	365	390
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	3,890	1,900	1,985
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	40	10	35
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	280	120	160
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	6,920	2,700	4,220
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,750	845	910
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	31,815	15,600	16,220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	1,145	545	595
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	2,015	1,050	965
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	365	175	190
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	1,310	650	655
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	815	420	395
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	810	380	430
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	160	75	85
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	6,625	3,370	3,260
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	680	380	295
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	2,460	1,125	1,335
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	1,655	800	855
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	2,300	1,070	1,235
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	450	210	240
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	1,660	860	795
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	275	125	155
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	5,120	2,430	2,690
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	3,970	1,950	2,020
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	4,090	2,015	2,075
Algeria	1,240	650	595	70	40	30
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	435	225	210
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	235	120	115
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	80	50	35
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	70	30	35
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	490	265	225
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	360	135	225
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	375	175	200
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,975	980	995
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	34,360	16,575	17,785
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	115	40	70
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	615	310	300
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	3,900	1,695	2,205
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	525	260	270
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	4,010	2,135	1,875
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	650	340	310
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	6,255	2,980	3,280
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	45	15	30
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	360	190	170
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	4,565	2,280	2,285
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	2,105	1,090	1,020
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	2,830	1,130	1,700
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	235	120	120
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	1,775	870	905
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	270	135	130
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	1,740	860	880
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	4,355	2,130	2,230
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	165	95	65
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	10,805	5,250	5,545
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	1,940	975	960
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	30	15	15
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	35	10	30
Cuba	1,200	535	660	25	10	20
Haiti	865	415	450	100	25	80
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	105	65	40
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	390	220	175
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	955	510	445
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	70	25	40
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	220	110	110
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	780	380	400
France	1,400	675	725	10	10	0
Germany	915	490	420	35	25	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	10	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	85	35	50
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	20	10	10
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	15	0	15
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	115	65	45
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	480	220	265
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	935	460	475
Algeria	205	95	115	10	10	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	35	20	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	170	110	65
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	25	10	20
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	100	50	50
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	50	30	20
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	50	25	25
Morocco	365	145	220	25	10	15
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	100	50	50
Somalia	1,155	555	600	100	40	60
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	15	10	15
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	260	115	150
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	7,125	3,420	3,710
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	0	0	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	175	85	90
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	800	335	465
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	0	10	0
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	810	485	320
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	110	45	60
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	2,095	990	1,100
Israel	1,665	880	785	0	0	10
Japan	965	265	700	10	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	45	10	35
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	295	160	135
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	70	30	45
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	345	145	195
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	465	160	305
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	120	45	75
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	15	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	1,060	545	520
Taiwan	760	300	460	45	25	15
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	50	25	25
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	60	40	15
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	60	20	40
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	490	240	250
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	25	15	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	25	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	0	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	391,005	192,530	198,470
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	93,020	45,190	47,830
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	84,790	42,260	42,530
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	213,195	105,080	108,110
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	58,080	27,580	30,500
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	20,190	10,580	9,615
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	7,565	5,485	2,080
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	12,625	5,095	7,530
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	18,860	7,355	11,505
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	17,980	9,110	8,870
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	1,045	540	510
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	391,000	192,530	198,470
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	9,870	4,785	5,085
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	9,360	4,540	4,820
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	4,390	2,070	2,320
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	4,910	2,430	2,475
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	60	30	25
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	235	100	135
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	270	150	120
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	381,135	187,745	193,390
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	391,005	192,530	198,470
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	2,560	1,215	1,345
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	388,440	191,315	197,125
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	391,000	192,530	198,475
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	1,480	690	795
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	1,455	675	780
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	1,000	420	590
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	440	260	180
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	30	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	15,640	7,205	8,430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	15,435	7,125	8,315
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	10,825	4,905	5,920
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	4,540	2,200	2,340
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	75	25	55
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	200	80	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	195	80	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	373,880	184,640	189,245
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	391,005	192,530	198,470
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	70,720	35,425	35,300
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	11,845	6,395	5,450
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	8,755	4,265	4,490
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	13,120	6,475	6,645
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	4,065	1,860	2,205
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	4,060	1,940	2,115
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	18,395	9,400	9,000
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	4,305	2,090	2,215
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,540	765	780
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	590	325	265
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	210	100	110
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	1,565	715	845
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	2,280	1,095	1,185
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	320,280	157,105	163,175
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	391,005	192,530	198,470
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	17,120	7,890	9,225
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	12,050	5,410	6,640
Inuit	1,360	645	710	95	20	75
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	5,200	2,555	2,645
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	113,775	55,870	57,905
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	290	130	165
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	6,385	3,050	3,335
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	109,480	53,795	55,685
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	140	80	60
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	10	0	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	55	25	30
Québécois	1,570	780	785	155	85	75
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	25	20	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	272,660	133,140	139,520
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	143,680	69,395	74,285
Channel Islander	445	235	210	10	0	10
Cornish	205	105	95	15	10	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	81,540	39,300	42,235
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	58,990	27,600	31,390
Manx	815	475	345	45	25	20
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	54,085	25,850	28,235
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	4,690	2,290	2,405
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	6,865	3,060	3,805
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	92,080	44,190	47,890
Alsatian	355	140	215	10	0	10
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	92,070	44,190	47,885
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	60,390	29,565	30,825
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	1,740	850	890
Bavarian	155	65	85	10	0	10
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	3,700	1,795	1,905
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	12,175	5,855	6,315
Flemish	910	430	475	150	70	75
Frisian	400	230	165	20	10	10
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	45,980	22,540	23,440
Luxembourger	305	145	155	30	20	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	875	400	475
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	50	40	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	5,200	2,380	2,825
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	1,150	525	625
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	1,355	635	715
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	185	100	90
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	1,275	555	720
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	1,175	490	685
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	290	145	145
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	48,470	23,300	25,170
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	230	115	120
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	120	40	75
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	1,430	670	755
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	905	400	505
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	115	60	55
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	8,965	4,440	4,525
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	125	80	50
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	570	270	300
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	25	10	20
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	15,600	7,450	8,150
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	6,325	3,000	3,325
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	5,345	2,540	2,805
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	3,300	1,515	1,785
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	12,445	5,975	6,465
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	150	70	85
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	63,855	31,785	32,070
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	1,565	775	785
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	610	305	305
Catalan	160	105	60	10	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	4,215	2,080	2,140
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	30	20	15
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	2,945	1,445	1,505
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	37,450	18,565	18,880
Kosovar	485	255	225	70	20	50
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	2,275	1,135	1,140
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	1,380	745	630
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	160	100	60
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	5,875	2,940	2,935
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	4,745	2,495	2,250
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	220	125	105
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	880	380	500
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	3,360	1,655	1,705
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	1,670	815	855
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	40	20	20
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,465	675	780
Basque	815	400	415	30	15	15
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	770	385	385
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	55	20	40
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	40	15	25
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	565	250	310
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	4,115	1,890	2,225
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	25	0	25
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	30	20	10
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	190	95	95
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	10	0	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	285	130	150
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	120	50	70
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	35	0	30
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	385	140	245
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	2,145	1,050	1,100
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	0	10
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	105	50	55
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	30	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	570	235	340
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	55	15	40
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	290	140	145
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	75	35	35
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	7,060	3,405	3,655
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	220	85	135
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	165	100	65
Belizean	355	170	185	70	35	30
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	60	25	35
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	225	125	105
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	120	40	80
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	530	245	285
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	100	45	55
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	95	25	70
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	255	150	100
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	260	95	165
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	270	105	160
Honduran	1,750	810	940	195	130	70
Maya	1,135	555	575	145	80	65
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	3,070	1,570	1,500
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	225	100	130
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	50	20	40
Paraguayan	305	140	160	20	15	10
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	75	25	55
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	950	415	530
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	20	15	0
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	225	85	135
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	215	110	105
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	10,535	5,295	5,240
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	1,915	1,015	905
Akan	700	395	305	55	30	25
Angolan	1,030	490	535	25	10	10
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	105	45	60
Chadian	185	95	90	10	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	385	220	170
Edo	935	490	445	15	10	10
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	170	100	70
Guinean	680	335	340	0	10	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	80	45	35
Ivorian	615	285	330	0	0	0
Liberian	335	140	200	55	20	30
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	1,010	535	470
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	20	10	15
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	10	0	10
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	70	40	25
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	60	30	30
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	1,950	1,055	895
Algerian	1,700	835	870	130	65	70
Berber	680	365	315	0	10	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	55	30	25
Dinka	35	25	10	10	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	810	420	390
Libyan	1,275	685	600	200	115	80
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	95	40	60
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	685	370	310
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	45	35	10
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,200	1,055	1,145
Afrikaner	340	175	170	20	15	0
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	105	45	55
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	170	85	85
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	375	195	185
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	25	15	10
Malagasy	180	75	100	15	10	10
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	80	35	45
Oromo	830	370	460	40	20	20
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	155	70	80
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	900	430	470
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	280	125	155
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	45	25	25
Tigrian	410	210	200	10	10	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	35	20	20
Zambian	385	195	190	10	10	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	0	0	10
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	100	35	60
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	4,805	2,360	2,440
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	1,015	480	535
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	3,820	1,900	1,920
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	61,480	30,905	30,570
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	30,435	15,235	15,200
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	250	100	155
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	3,415	1,785	1,635
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	600	265	335
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	560	255	305
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	45	35	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	20	15	10
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,045	540	500
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	7,250	3,525	3,720
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	120	50	75
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	525	250	280
Kazakh	975	445	530	0	0	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	165	100	60
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	30	20	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	10	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	12,545	6,375	6,175
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	1,555	810	750
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	130	90	35
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	2,385	1,150	1,235
Tajik	1,425	670	755	0	0	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	15	10	0
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	935	420	520
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	20	10	15
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	130	65	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	830	430	400
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	12,110	6,530	5,580
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	355	190	165
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	150	85	65
Bhutanese	150	80	65	205	110	95
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	7,935	4,305	3,630
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	15	10	10
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	65	40	25
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	45	20	25
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	320	165	155
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	2,385	1,270	1,115
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	610	360	245
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	30	20	10
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	320	150	170
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	80	40	40
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	715	375	335
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	19,145	9,250	9,900
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	200	105	95
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	830	395	435
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	10,115	4,935	5,175
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	4,490	2,035	2,455
Hmong	55	25	30	15	10	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	105	70	40
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	285	140	145
Karen	265	115	145	205	110	90
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	645	345	295
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	510	260	250
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	60	30	35
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	20	10	10
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	20	10	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	130	75	65
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	365	155	210
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	0	0	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	2,665	1,330	1,335
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	75	40	35
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	315	160	155
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	310	160	150
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	310	175	135
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	190	95	95
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	75	50	25
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	60	45	15
Fijian	1,185	495	690	20	10	10
Hawaiian	225	115	115	25	20	10
Maori	200	105	90	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	0	0	0
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	159,050	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	115,780	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	43,270	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	9,885	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	149,170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	775	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	17,475	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	34,855	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	66,705	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	39,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	159,050	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	31,830	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	22,135	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	25,195	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	23,895	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	55,990	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	156,830	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	2,225	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	159,055	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	152,495	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	6,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	159,050	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	54,255	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	43,810	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	14,250	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	22,605	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	12,825	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	6,290	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	5,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	148,630	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	10,420	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	159,055	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	98,095	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	58,210	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	2,755	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	159,055	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	4,430	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	18,565	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	26,105	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	33,895	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	32,750	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	24,255	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	13,640	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	5,415	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	157,885	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	124,345	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	33,535	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	28,960	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	114,735	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	59.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	12.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	957	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,091	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	200,559	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	246,774	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	43,245	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	17.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	44.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	784	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	817	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	324,325	158,165	166,160
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	62,035	30,885	31,145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	100,700	49,675	51,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	161,595	77,605	83,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	21,595	15,845	5,750
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	9,350	5,770	3,580
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	12,250	10,080	2,175
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	70,380	29,455	40,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	5,795	2,480	3,310
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	63,825	29,825	34,000
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	42,945	18,990	23,950
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	4,650	2,025	2,620
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	1,965	1,205	760
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	11,980	6,165	5,815
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	2,290	1,440	850
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	206,545	100,645	105,905
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	23,580	12,745	10,840
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	60,760	30,850	29,915
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	122,205	57,045	65,160
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	14,140	10,335	3,805
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	6,100	3,795	2,305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	8,040	6,540	1,500
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	54,650	22,660	31,990
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	3,845	1,635	2,215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	49,570	22,425	27,145
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	32,960	14,185	18,775
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	3,650	1,525	2,125
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	1,585	915	670
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	9,605	4,775	4,830
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	1,765	1,025	745
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	324,330	158,165	166,160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	162,730	80,560	82,175
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	10,720	2,665	8,055
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	10,720	2,665	8,055
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	3,895	1,695	2,195
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	510	380	135
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	3,380	1,315	2,060
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	6,710	2,710	4,000
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	660	135	525
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	1,695	555	1,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	1,515	605	910
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	50	25	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	355	215	140
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	715	405	305
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	1,215	670	550
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	510	110	395
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	18,025	5,795	12,225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	175	20	160
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	2,240	1,095	1,145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	3,745	215	3,530
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	2,595	905	1,690
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	225	40	190
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	3,680	965	2,715
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	5,355	2,555	2,800
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	29,620	11,305	18,315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	80	20	60
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	2,965	545	2,420
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	26,575	10,740	15,835
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	5,600	2,665	2,940
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	2,420	970	1,455
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,150	480	670
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	15	10	15
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	1,485	1,035	455
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	525	185	350
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	5,560	3,395	2,165
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	4,410	2,885	1,525
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	290	45	245
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	810	440	370
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	45	25	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	38,430	35,565	2,865
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	1,030	780	250
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	8,315	6,965	1,345
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	7,340	6,565	775
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	6,290	6,160	130
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	6,985	6,825	160
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	8,465	8,265	205
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	2,405	1,535	870
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,780	1,155	625
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	625	385	245
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	29,585	5,415	24,170
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,935	1,005	935
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	27,230	4,135	23,090
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	420	275	140
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	11,025	4,835	6,185
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	6,450	1,315	5,140
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	35	35	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	60	50	10
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	3,175	2,270	905
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,305	1,170	135
Other	335	95	235	25	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	20	15	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	206,545	100,640	105,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	84,345	43,595	40,750
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	7,410	1,690	5,715
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	7,410	1,695	5,720
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	2,885	1,200	1,680
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	370	255	110
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	2,520	945	1,575
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	4,550	1,800	2,750
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	495	85	415
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	1,105	365	740
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,120	445	675
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	25	25	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	245	150	95
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	470	290	180
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	750	380	370
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	335	65	270
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	14,355	4,325	10,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	120	15	100
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,900	925	970
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	3,085	160	2,920
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	2,080	600	1,475
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	155	25	130
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	2,800	620	2,175
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	4,215	1,975	2,240
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	22,930	8,460	14,475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	50	10	40
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	2,355	410	1,940
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	20,525	8,035	12,495
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	3,830	1,720	2,115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	1,615	595	1,020
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	845	330	515
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	995	665	325
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	360	120	240
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	4,640	2,875	1,765
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	3,830	2,525	1,305
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	175	20	155
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	595	320	275
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	40	20	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	28,260	25,890	2,370
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	855	650	210
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	6,520	5,365	1,155
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	5,650	4,970	680
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	4,180	4,095	85
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	4,805	4,680	125
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	6,245	6,130	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,795	1,100	695
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	1,335	815	525
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	460	290	170
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	23,105	4,230	18,875
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	1,380	700	680
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	21,410	3,330	18,080
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	315	195	115
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	8,420	3,750	4,675
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	4,865	1,000	3,860
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	30	30	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	30	20	10
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	2,420	1,720	700
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	1,075	975	100
Other	285	80	205	25	15	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	25	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	324,330	158,165	166,160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	162,730	80,560	82,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	161,595	77,605	83,990
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	133,810	63,065	70,745
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	129,310	60,805	68,510
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	4,500	2,260	2,240
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	27,785	14,545	13,240
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	8,535	4,585	3,950
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	1,445	510	940
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,880	1,060	820
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	1,820	1,130	690
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	1,850	860	990
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	180	110	75
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	12,075	6,295	5,785
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	206,545	100,645	105,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	84,340	43,590	40,750
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	122,205	57,050	65,155
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	101,900	46,965	54,940
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	98,730	45,360	53,365
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	3,175	1,605	1,570
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	20,300	10,085	10,220
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	6,545	3,435	3,110
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	1,065	365	705
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,315	645	670
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	885	515	370
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,245	565	680
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	125	75	50
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	9,120	4,485	4,630
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	324,330	158,165	166,160
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	195,090	101,860	93,230
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	180,800	94,415	86,380
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	14,290	7,445	6,845
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	129,240	56,305	72,935
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	60.2	64.4	56.1
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	55.7	59.7	52.0
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.3	7.3	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	324,330	158,165	166,160
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	124,930	54,050	70,880
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	199,400	104,115	95,280
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	102,740	59,260	43,485
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	96,660	44,860	51,800
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	43.2	43.5	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	195,090	101,860	93,230
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	5,410	2,540	2,870
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	189,675	99,320	90,360
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	172,290	88,150	84,145
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	17,385	11,170	6,215
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	195,090	101,860	93,230
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	5,415	2,540	2,870
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	189,680	99,320	90,360
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	16,460	10,350	6,110
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	24,525	6,975	17,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	11,480	9,495	1,985
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	15,255	2,745	12,505
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	19,215	5,980	13,235
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	3,620	1,515	2,105
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	44,590	17,425	27,160
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	29,820	27,860	1,960
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	4,065	2,860	1,210
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	20,645	14,115	6,530
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	195,090	101,860	93,230
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	5,410	2,540	2,875
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	189,675	99,320	90,355
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	5,250	3,175	2,075
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	460	430	30
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	1,010	750	260
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	10,800	9,550	1,250
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	38,355	28,490	9,860
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	5,390	3,595	1,790
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	20,275	8,870	11,405
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	8,470	6,210	2,260
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	2,040	1,105	935
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	5,960	2,005	3,950
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	2,450	1,375	1,075
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	9,215	5,315	3,900
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	135	80	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	8,420	4,950	3,470
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	13,815	4,205	9,610
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	23,440	3,795	19,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	5,010	2,445	2,565
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	14,285	5,435	8,850
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	7,775	3,745	4,030
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	7,135	3,800	3,340
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	180,800	94,415	86,385
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	8,030	4,070	3,960
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	6,695	4,235	2,460
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	16,625	11,965	4,665
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	149,440	74,145	75,300
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	149,440	74,150	75,300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	80,385	37,465	42,920
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	64,670	34,345	30,325
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	4,080	2,140	1,945
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	305	200	105
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	166,070	86,110	79,960
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	142,255	74,840	67,415
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	10,425	4,680	5,740
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	4,725	1,950	2,780
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	5,650	2,650	3,000
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,605	1,185	420
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,410	800	610
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	166,070	86,110	79,960
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	57,435	27,905	29,525
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	74,160	38,935	35,230
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	24,580	13,720	10,865
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	6,605	3,675	2,935
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	3,285	1,875	1,410
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	166,070	86,105	79,960
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	11,780	7,875	3,905
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	32,235	21,895	10,345
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	38,965	19,815	19,155
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	30,650	11,125	19,525
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	16,765	6,590	10,175
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	35,670	18,815	16,855
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	206,270	107,515	98,755
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	204,315	106,595	97,725
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	202,910	105,785	97,130
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	201,250	105,395	95,855
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	1,660	390	1,275
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	1,400	810	595
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	1,400	805	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	225	155	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	225	155	70
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	195	135	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	20	15	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	85	40	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	15	10	10
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	70	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	560	340	230
Albanian	210	125	85	10	10	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	60	20	40
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	60	20	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	10	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	35	10	30
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	0	0	0
Serbian	160	110	55	25	20	10
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	155	100	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	95	60	30
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	35	25
Greek	340	190	155	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	30	10	20
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	25	10	15
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	10	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	20	15	10
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	0	0	10
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	305	195	110
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	45	15	25
Romanian	245	105	140	10	10	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	235	165	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	15	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	15	0	15
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	445	255	195
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	435	255	180
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	170	105	65
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	225	130	95
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	15	0	10
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	15	10	15
Lao	10	0	10	10	10	0
Thai	65	30	30	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	15	0	15
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	15	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,955	925	1,030
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	650	235	415
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	1,250	665	585
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	50	20	30
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	206,265	107,515	98,755
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	197,105	103,255	93,845
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,525	550	970
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	2,850	1,050	1,800
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	4,645	2,575	2,070
Aboriginal	155	50	105	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	4,635	2,575	2,060
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	30	10	15
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	115	60	50
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	387,195	190,495	196,700
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	341,930	167,840	174,095
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	45,265	22,655	22,610
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	27,640	13,795	13,840
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	17,630	8,855	8,770
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	13,365	6,660	6,710
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	11,330	5,595	5,735
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	2,035	1,055	975
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	4,260	2,200	2,060
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	370,750	181,915	188,835
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	242,770	118,720	124,045
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	127,985	63,195	64,790
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	76,640	37,555	39,080
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	51,345	25,635	25,710
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	38,445	18,910	19,540
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	33,790	16,535	17,260
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	4,655	2,375	2,280
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	12,895	6,725	6,170