Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Halifax [Census metropolitan area], Nova Scotia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Halifax Nova Scotia [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Halifax [Census metropolitan area], Nova Scotia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	403,390	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	390,328	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	187,478	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	173,459	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	73.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	5,496.31	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	403,390	195,330	208,060
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	60,535	30,915	29,620
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	19,790	10,085	9,710
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	20,745	10,620	10,125
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	19,995	10,210	9,790
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	279,680	136,280	143,400
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	22,340	11,320	11,020
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	30,225	15,020	15,210
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	30,200	15,180	15,025
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	27,470	13,495	13,980
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	25,715	12,285	13,430
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	26,645	12,810	13,835
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	27,740	13,170	14,565
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	32,665	15,860	16,805
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	30,610	14,815	15,795
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	26,065	12,330	13,735
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	63,175	28,135	35,040
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	22,510	10,635	11,880
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	15,525	7,250	8,275
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	10,440	4,700	5,740
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	7,505	3,195	4,305
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	7,190	2,355	4,835
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	4,410	1,585	2,820
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	2,120	610	1,505
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	605	145	460
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	60	10	50
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	15.0	15.8	14.2
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	69.3	69.8	68.9
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	15.7	14.4	16.8
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.8	1.2	2.3
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	40.9	39.9	41.8
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.0	39.8	42.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	86,615	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	21,000	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	61,850	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	11,785	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	6,655	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	6,270	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	36,895	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	235	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	3,995	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	51,180	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	64,425	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	27,260	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	21,020	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	9,575	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	397,635	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	342,850	164,415	178,440
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	192,590	96,120	96,470
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	154,070	76,915	77,155
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	38,515	19,205	19,310
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	150,265	68,295	81,970
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	102,415	52,850	49,565
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	9,785	4,175	5,605
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	20,615	7,610	13,000
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	17,450	3,655	13,800
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	113,630	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	62,585	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	24,880	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	19,240	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	6,920	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	113,630	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	94,735	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	75,480	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	19,255	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	18,890	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	15,265	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	3,630	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	94,735	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	50,640	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	44,095	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	19,600	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	17,945	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	6,550	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	18,895	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	11,950	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	5,285	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	1,665	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	84,200	39,385	44,815
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	109,000	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	48,760	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	60,240	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	2,290	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	62,170	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	51,180	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	10,985	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	399,575	193,735	205,840
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	347,440	170,905	176,530
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	340	160	180
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	49,585	21,650	27,935
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	2,205	1,020	1,190
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	399,575	193,735	205,840
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	386,355	187,275	199,075
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	9,900	4,910	4,985
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	1,210	570	640
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	2,115	975	1,140
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	10,500	5,195	5,305
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.6	2.7	2.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	399,575	193,730	205,840
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	394,420	191,200	203,225
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	363,560	175,515	188,045
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	353,415	170,515	182,900
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	10,145	4,995	5,145
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	30,865	15,685	15,180
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	80	40	35
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	60	35	25
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	5	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	5	5	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	50	30	25
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	55	25	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	5	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	15	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	10	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	30,790	15,645	15,145
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	7,025	3,845	3,175
Berber languages	220	130	90	10	10	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	115	60	55
Bilen	80	45	35	5	5	5
Oromo	1,005	490	515	55	35	25
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	50	25	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	5	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	6,895	3,780	3,115
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	110	50	60
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	6,430	3,545	2,880
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	5	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	195	105	90
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5	0	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	140	65	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	405	200	205
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	5	5	0
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	395	195	200
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	1,665	730	935
Bikol	470	210	260	5	0	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	105	45	60
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	20	10	10
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	50	15	30
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	35	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	10	5	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	0	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	1,420	630	790
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	15	5	10
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	60	40	15
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	30	25	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	25	15	10
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	870	510	360
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	30	15	15
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	310	165	140
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	255	160	100
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	265	170	105
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	12,660	6,405	6,255
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	250	120	125
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	30	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	2,790	1,350	1,440
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	55	15	40
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	25	10	15
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	30	5	25
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	2,730	1,340	1,395
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	0	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	115	60	55
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	40	20	20
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	190	90	95
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	145	70	70
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	15	10	5
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	590	290	305
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,155	565	585
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	110	50	55
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	80	40	35
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	85	40	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	20	10	15
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	190	95	100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	5	0	0
Celtic languages	460	210	250	45	20	25
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	25	10	15
Welsh	150	65	85	15	15	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	2,075	995	1,075
Afrikaans	985	475	510	80	40	40
Danish	1,570	710	855	100	60	35
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	490	235	255
Frisian	135	60	75	0	0	5
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	1,205	555	645
Icelandic	85	40	45	30	15	15
Norwegian	380	170	210	75	45	35
Swedish	1,140	485	660	65	25	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	15	10	5
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	15	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	660	335	325
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	4,295	2,350	1,950
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	2,950	1,645	1,300
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	440	270	175
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	175	115	60
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	655	395	265
Kashmiri	275	140	140	10	0	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	5	0	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	65	35	30
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	530	255	275
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	475	250	220
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	145	70	75
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	440	240	195
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,330	685	640
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	110	60	50
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	65	40	30
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	1,145	590	560
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	2,515	1,210	1,305
Catalan	165	90	75	10	5	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	555	290	265
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	385	185	205
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	185	90	95
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,375	640	735
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	0	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	255	65	185
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	0	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	900	380	520
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	0	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	535	275	260
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	35	15	20
Bamanankan	60	30	30	10	5	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	10	0	5
Ewe	370	185	190	30	25	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	5	0	0
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	5
Ganda	515	245	270	20	5	15
Igbo	1,520	775	750	35	20	15
Lingala	375	175	200	10	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	20	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	45	15	30
Shona	680	325	355	25	15	15
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	120	60	65
Wolof	160	90	80	5	5	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	55	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	120	60	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	65	35	30
Dinka	45	25	15	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	50	25	30
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	115	55	60
American Sign Language	470	250	220	55	25	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	60	30	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	5,500	2,745	2,755
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	5,480	2,735	2,740
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	925	425	500
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	20	10	10
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	3,950	1,970	1,975
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	95	45	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	45	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	435	250	180
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	20	10	15
Burmese	1,005	450	555	5	5	5
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	90	35	50
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	5	5	5
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	85	30	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	390	215	175
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	10	10	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	255	135	115
Uyghur	385	195	195	5	5	5
Uzbek	595	300	295	110	60	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	10	5	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	240	100	140
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	25	10	15
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	40	10	30
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	175	80	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	20	10	15
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	5,150	2,535	2,615
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	1,775	815	960
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	3,045	1,555	1,485
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	175	90	85
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	160	75	85
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	399,575	193,735	205,840
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	391,285	189,555	201,725
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	374,880	181,210	193,665
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	371,215	179,410	191,800
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	3,660	1,800	1,860
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	16,405	8,345	8,060
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	15	10	5
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	15	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	15	10	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	15	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	16,390	8,335	8,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	4,190	2,215	1,980
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	75	35	40
Bilen	40	15	20	5	5	0
Oromo	545	250	290	45	20	20
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	25	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	4,115	2,175	1,945
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	50	25	30
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	3,845	2,045	1,800
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	115	65	50
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	95	40	55
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	255	125	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	0	0	0
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	255	125	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	895	430	460
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	50	20	30
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	5	0	0
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	15	10	5
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	825	405	420
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	20	10	5
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	10	5	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	390	230	165
Kannada	830	415	410	10	5	10
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	135	75	60
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	120	65	50
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	130	75	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	5,505	2,765	2,740
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	110	55	55
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	15	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,275	625	650
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	20	5	15
Latvian	600	245	355	5	5	0
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	10	5	10
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,255	620	635
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	65	35	30
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	20	15	10
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	60	20	35
Czech	1,415	685	730	40	25	20
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	0	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	180	80	100
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	740	365	370
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	60	30	30
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	30	15	15
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	25	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	5	0	0
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	45	30	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	20	10	10
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	360	170	185
Afrikaans	265	125	145	20	15	10
Danish	135	65	75	5	0	5
Dutch	655	300	350	45	25	25
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	240	115	125
Icelandic	20	5	15	25	10	15
Norwegian	45	15	20	10	5	5
Swedish	220	100	120	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	245	125	125
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	2,550	1,335	1,215
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	1,650	885	765
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	225	125	105
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	95	60	35
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	280	180	105
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	25	15	15
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	475	235	240
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	205	100	105
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	85	40	40
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	250	130	120
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	895	445	450
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	85	45	35
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	35	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	775	380	395
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	935	430	500
Catalan	80	40	45	5	0	5
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	130	55	75
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	150	70	85
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	60	25	35
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	585	275	310
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	5	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	80	25	50
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	610	270	340
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	150	70	75
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	10	5	5
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	5	0
Ewe	95	40	55	10	10	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	5
Ganda	155	70	85	5	0	5
Igbo	410	205	205	15	5	10
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	15	10	10
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	50	25	30
Wolof	80	45	35	5	5	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	25	15	10
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	20	10	10
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	155	75	80
American Sign Language	720	375	345	65	30	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	90	45	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	3,825	1,965	1,865
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	3,825	1,960	1,860
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	525	280	250
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	0	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	2,935	1,475	1,455
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	40	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	290	170	120
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	5	0	5
Burmese	575	260	310	0	0	0
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	25	15	15
Lao	1,050	505	540	0	0	0
Thai	575	255	320	30	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	195	100	95
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	120	65	55
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	70	35	30
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	50	25	25
Estonian	650	240	410	5	5	0
Finnish	510	220	290	5	0	0
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	45	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	5	5	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	8,295	4,175	4,115
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	1,155	535	620
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	6,810	3,475	3,335
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	65	40	25
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	260	125	130
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	399,575	193,735	205,840
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	370,645	179,735	190,910
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	9,220	4,715	4,500
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	8,485	3,710	4,780
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	10,605	5,290	5,320
Aboriginal	480	205	275	105	45	55
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	10,500	5,240	5,260
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	125	55	70
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	190	90	100
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	305	140	165
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	337,215	161,965	175,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	323,835	155,495	168,340
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	36,089	42,874	31,004
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	323,945	155,515	168,435
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	31,754	36,910	27,847
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	293,570	143,465	150,105
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	34,893	41,760	29,205
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	223,470	93,715	129,765
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,496	3,892	4,737
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	243,395	121,815	121,585
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	34,240	40,169	29,594
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	337,210	161,965	175,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	324,115	155,475	168,640
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	46,429	55,049	38,482
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	324,225	155,505	168,720
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	37,502	43,439	32,031
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	293,715	143,570	150,150
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	45,940	55,168	37,117
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	224,080	93,415	130,665
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,937	6,831	7,013
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	243,395	121,865	121,535
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	44,079	51,868	36,269
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	337,210	161,965	175,250
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	125,080	67,375	57,705
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	51,704	58,003	45,756
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	61,471	69,022	52,655
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	89.6	92.4	86.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	71.3	74.0	67.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	10.4	7.6	14.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	337,215	161,965	175,250
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	13,380	6,470	6,905
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	323,835	155,495	168,340
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	44,175	19,485	24,690
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	49,890	19,075	30,815
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	43,125	16,950	26,180
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	40,205	17,350	22,855
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	35,125	16,250	18,880
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	27,080	14,190	12,890
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	21,015	12,085	8,930
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	17,485	10,065	7,425
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	13,780	8,055	5,720
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	8,685	5,610	3,075
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	23,265	16,395	6,870
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	15,955	10,955	5,005
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	7,305	5,435	1,870
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	337,210	161,965	175,250
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	13,265	6,455	6,810
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	323,945	155,510	168,435
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.1	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	46,280	19,870	26,405
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	53,335	20,640	32,695
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	53,080	21,540	31,540
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	50,375	22,485	27,890
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	39,430	20,345	19,080
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	28,465	16,480	11,980
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	21,130	12,340	8,790
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	11,720	7,570	4,150
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	20,145	14,240	5,905
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	6,510	4,395	2,115
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	3,930	2,715	1,215
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	9,710	7,130	2,580
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	337,215	161,965	175,250
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	93,820	40,150	53,665
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	243,395	121,815	121,580
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	72.2	75.2	69.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	30,555	13,935	16,620
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	19,565	8,465	11,095
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	32,145	14,035	18,110
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	27,995	12,400	15,595
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	27,200	11,875	15,330
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	23,805	10,935	12,870
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	18,570	9,855	8,715
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	15,070	8,815	6,255
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	13,695	7,870	5,825
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	34,795	23,630	11,165
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	11,185	6,575	4,615
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	6,745	4,560	2,185
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	16,865	12,500	4,370
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	69,522	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	59,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	51,180	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	36,094	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	31,580	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	122,280	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	87,754	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	74,104	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	86,753	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	70,099	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	51,215	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	44,657	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	36,398	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	122,245	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	104,389	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	84,218	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	3,745	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	3,085	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	4,970	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	6,260	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	6,745	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	6,525	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	7,490	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	7,415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	7,450	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	7,255	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	13,645	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	12,730	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	12,185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	11,010	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	9,455	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	53,490	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	18,545	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	12,670	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	13,135	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	9,140	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	173,455	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	3,895	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	3,150	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	5,050	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	6,735	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	7,910	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	8,185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	9,320	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	9,190	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	9,095	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	8,720	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	16,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	15,685	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	13,385	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	11,365	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	9,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	35,555	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	16,610	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	8,910	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	10,035	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	113,310	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	89,366	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	75,061	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	47,635	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	83,567	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	70,319	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	44,640	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	116,667	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	96,180	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	17,625	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	50,942	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	46,308	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	113,240	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	106,483	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	85,542	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	47,645	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	98,899	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	79,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	44,705	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	132,993	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	105,727	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	17,485	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	61,771	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	52,451	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	75,935	36,000	39,930
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	31,382	32,060	30,864
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,151	28,435	27,912
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	75,880	35,780	40,105
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	39,406	40,479	38,449
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	32,585	32,916	32,290
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	397,630	192,815	204,820
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	200,095	93,985	106,110
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	45,320	21,880	23,435
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	36,810	16,250	20,560
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	37,695	17,410	20,285
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	39,240	18,550	20,685
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	41,030	19,890	21,140
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	197,535	98,830	98,705
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	41,390	20,585	20,805
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	42,875	21,440	21,435
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	43,135	21,500	21,635
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	38,760	19,485	19,275
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	31,380	15,825	15,555
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	397,375	192,700	204,675
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	72,900	37,150	35,750
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	23,875	12,155	11,715
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	264,835	128,505	136,330
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	59,640	27,040	32,600
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	58,825	27,410	31,415
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	13,690	6,970	6,720
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	5,085	2,545	2,545
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	38,000	17,830	20,165
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	7,135	2,605	4,530
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	14.8	14.2	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	18.8	18.8	18.8
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	21.3	20.9	21.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	14.3	13.9	14.8
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	12.0	9.6	13.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	38,240	18,730	19,510
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	7,785	3,980	3,805
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	2,990	1,525	1,465
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	28,880	14,140	14,745
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,570	610	960
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.6	9.7	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	10.7	10.7	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	12.5	12.5	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	10.9	11.0	10.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.6	2.3	2.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	397,630	192,815	204,820
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	395,460	191,890	203,565
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	395,190	191,770	203,420
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	49,665	21,765	27,900
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	43,820	21,810	22,010
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	190	80	110
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	160	60	100
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	10	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	155	60	90
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	150	65	90
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	0	0	10
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	43,635	21,735	21,900
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	9,825	5,290	4,530
Berber languages	245	135	110	25	15	10
Kabyle	80	40	40	25	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	145	50	90
Bilen	85	50	35	20	10	15
Oromo	1,390	590	800	35	15	20
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	80	25	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	9,750	5,270	4,475
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	255	140	125
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	8,845	4,765	4,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	575	340	235
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	10	10	10
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	140	70	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	35	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	460	205	250
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	15	0	15
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	445	200	240
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	2,265	985	1,280
Bikol	580	260	325	10	0	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	110	55	60
Fijian	50	20	30	0	10	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	40	15	25
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	55	10	45
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	45	10	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	200	255	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	2,155	940	1,210
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	20	10	20
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	225	105	115
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	90	40	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	125	60	60
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	1,205	690	515
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	70	40	35
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	490	260	230
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	365	220	140
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	335	200	130
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	20,810	10,305	10,505
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	380	180	195
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	75	45	30
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	3,190	1,515	1,680
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	65	20	45
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	20	10	15
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	40	15	30
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	3,150	1,500	1,645
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	0	10
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	120	50	70
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	45	20	20
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	230	85	140
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	155	80	75
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	70	40	30
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	645	290	355
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,665	840	830
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	135	60	80
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	100	60	45
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	95	45	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	20	0	15
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	260	125	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	0	0	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	305	145	160
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	200	90	110
Welsh	235	115	125	10	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	115	55	60
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	4,310	2,100	2,210
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	240	110	135
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	135	75	60
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	740	315	425
Frisian	195	75	115	10	0	10
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	3,010	1,510	1,495
Icelandic	130	55	75	70	30	40
Norwegian	960	460	500	80	65	15
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	175	70	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	10	0	10
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	25	15	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	10
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	1,195	605	590
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	5,660	3,165	2,495
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	4,225	2,405	1,825
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	540	305	240
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	200	125	70
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	2,005	1,150	855
Kashmiri	475	240	235	10	0	10
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	20	15	10
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	105	65	35
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	620	315	305
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	25	0	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	815	455	365
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	210	110	95
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	880	545	340
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,450	780	670
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	180	100	75
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	60	40	20
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,240	655	585
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	60	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	6,610	3,040	3,575
Catalan	315	165	150	20	10	10
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	1,220	615	605
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	675	375	305
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	210	125	85
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	4,830	2,110	2,720
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	45	35	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	635	245	395
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	10	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	10	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	1,195	505	685
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,145	625	525
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	35	15	15
Bamanankan	200	110	90	10	10	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	0	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	70	40	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	10	10	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	25	15	15
Ganda	865	410	455	55	15	40
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	75	40	30
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	30	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	120	55	65
Shona	1,175	515	655	55	40	25
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	335	190	150
Wolof	415	185	230	30	15	20
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	220	110	105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	235	135	100
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	40	30	15
Dinka	85	65	25	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	35	25	10
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	930	315	615
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	560	180	380
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	375	140	230
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	5,840	2,980	2,860
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	5,825	2,975	2,845
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	1,250	600	650
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	50	25	25
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	4,540	2,275	2,265
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	150	60	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	50	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	410	250	155
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	15	0	15
Burmese	1,325	600	720	0	0	0
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	15	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	165	75	90
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	15	10	10
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	150	75	80
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	535	280	255
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	20	20	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	395	190	210
Uyghur	490	225	265	10	0	10
Uzbek	815	440	375	105	65	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	0	0	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	245	120	125
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	40	20	20
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	50	15	30
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	145	80	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	40	10	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	397,635	192,815	204,820
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	376,250	181,630	194,620
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	69,480	35,410	34,070
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	306,770	146,215	160,550
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	21,380	11,185	10,200
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	397,635	192,815	204,820
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	352,625	169,835	182,795
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	37,205	18,415	18,795
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	10,100	4,910	5,185
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	3,035	1,530	1,505
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	4,895	2,365	2,525
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	9,760	4,925	4,840
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	3,755	1,890	1,865
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	6,005	3,035	2,970
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	9,425	4,680	4,740
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	7,800	4,565	3,235
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	37,205	18,415	18,795
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	4,640	2,225	2,415
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	6,965	3,525	3,445
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	6,625	3,185	3,445
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	16,235	8,050	8,185
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	2,735	1,435	1,305
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	37,210	18,415	18,795
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	5,480	2,565	2,915
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	130	60	70
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	115	65	50
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	80	40	40
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	140	65	75
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	40	15	25
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	345	135	210
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	225	110	115
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	80	25	60
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	170	100	75
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	3,225	1,480	1,745
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	925	470	455
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	12,255	6,210	6,045
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	195	100	95
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	130	50	80
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	340	185	155
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	1,150	580	570
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	450	235	215
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	80	40	45
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	280	100	180
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	380	215	165
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	465	185	280
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	460	195	270
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	180	115	60
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	150	90	60
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	505	250	255
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	60	35	25
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	270	130	145
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	5,900	3,105	2,795
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	1,250	595	650
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	3,025	1,565	1,460
Algeria	1,240	650	595	15	10	10
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	725	375	355
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	170	90	80
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	120	70	50
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	70	45	25
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	290	145	145
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	60	35	35
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	350	150	200
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,225	650	570
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	16,210	7,915	8,290
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	100	40	60
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	245	140	110
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	2,345	975	1,375
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	255	115	140
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	1,875	990	885
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	840	460	380
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	530	245	280
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	170	60	105
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	720	290	430
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	1,210	660	545
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	450	220	230
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	2,030	860	1,165
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	265	120	145
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	1,040	505	540
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	180	95	90
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	355	170	185
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	3,600	1,965	1,630
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	235	150	80
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	9,425	4,685	4,740
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	995	450	545
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	85	35	45
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	15	0	15
Cuba	1,200	535	660	65	35	30
Haiti	865	415	450	15	10	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	130	60	65
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	90	50	40
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	360	165	195
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	225	90	145
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,390	720	665
France	1,400	675	725	80	45	35
Germany	915	490	420	85	45	40
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	35	20	20
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	20	10	15
Romania	1,490	590	900	30	15	15
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	165	65	95
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	135	60	80
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	540	330	210
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	295	140	155
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	960	515	445
Algeria	205	95	115	10	0	10
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	55	25	25
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	190	100	85
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	60	35	25
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	40	25	15
Morocco	365	145	220	25	15	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	145	70	80
Somalia	1,155	555	600	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	70	25	45
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	350	200	150
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	6,065	2,990	3,075
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	20	10	15
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	60	40	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	855	395	455
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	0	0	0
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	755	415	345
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	245	130	115
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	245	125	120
Israel	1,665	880	785	260	170	90
Japan	965	265	700	65	25	40
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	190	70	120
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	80	35	40
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	185	95	85
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	90	50	45
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	1,160	515	645
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	115	65	55
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	85	45	40
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	790	365	425
Taiwan	760	300	460	0	0	0
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	75	45	30
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	55	35	20
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	45	15	30
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	675	350	325
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	25	15	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	10	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	10	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	397,635	192,815	204,815
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	47,925	24,395	23,525
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	38,620	18,965	19,660
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	311,090	149,455	161,635
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	27,440	13,660	13,780
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	16,465	8,580	7,890
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	6,335	4,330	2,005
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	10,130	4,250	5,880
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	6,715	2,880	3,835
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	4,080	2,110	1,975
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	175	90	85
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	397,630	192,815	204,820
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	15,815	7,460	8,355
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	15,270	7,200	8,065
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	7,955	3,785	4,170
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	6,905	3,230	3,675
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	405	185	220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	275	135	140
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	265	120	145
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	381,820	185,355	196,460
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	397,630	192,815	204,815
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	4,015	1,905	2,110
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	393,615	190,910	202,710
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	397,635	192,815	204,820
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	2,595	1,175	1,425
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	2,515	1,145	1,370
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	1,715	790	925
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	690	320	365
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	110	30	75
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	85	25	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	60	15	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	24,125	11,040	13,085
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	23,265	10,615	12,650
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	16,335	7,430	8,905
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	6,320	2,895	3,420
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	615	300	320
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	860	420	440
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	705	335	370
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	90	50	40
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	60	40	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	370,910	180,605	190,305
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	397,630	192,810	204,820
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	45,290	22,735	22,555
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	6,550	3,690	2,865
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	6,975	3,450	3,520
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	15,090	7,300	7,785
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	2,575	1,125	1,445
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,210	610	600
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	7,335	3,955	3,385
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	865	375	485
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,390	725	665
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	1,230	520	710
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	485	220	275
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	490	225	265
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,095	540	555
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	352,340	170,075	182,265
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	397,630	192,815	204,815
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	26,725	12,210	14,515
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	18,920	8,620	10,300
Inuit	1,360	645	710	905	425	485
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	7,850	3,615	4,235
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	163,555	78,245	85,320
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	10,115	4,535	5,590
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	3,950	1,915	2,035
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	152,835	73,390	79,445
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	25	10	25
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	885	390	495
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	745	345	400
Ontarian	645	370	275	25	10	15
Québécois	1,570	780	785	235	120	115
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	15	0	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	276,190	132,910	143,280
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	228,905	109,560	119,345
Channel Islander	445	235	210	35	10	25
Cornish	205	105	95	60	30	25
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	121,790	58,380	63,415
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	95,065	44,145	50,925
Manx	815	475	345	75	40	35
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	113,480	53,570	59,910
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	8,845	4,155	4,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	11,350	5,345	6,005
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	66,425	30,905	35,520
Alsatian	355	140	215	10	10	10
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	66,415	30,900	35,510
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	56,580	26,830	29,750
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	1,005	540	465
Bavarian	155	65	85	10	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	990	480	515
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	13,220	6,015	7,205
Flemish	910	430	475	65	50	15
Frisian	400	230	165	15	0	10
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	45,105	21,395	23,710
Luxembourger	305	145	155	15	0	10
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,390	715	675
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	90	60	30
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	8,010	3,835	4,175
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	1,890	895	995
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	610	250	360
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	420	185	235
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	2,780	1,385	1,395
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	1,920	880	1,040
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	690	380	315
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	16,135	8,015	8,120
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	175	80	95
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	135	70	65
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	670	360	305
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	150	65	85
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	255	130	130
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,395	725	675
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	245	90	150
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	600	275	325
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	10	0	10
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	5,905	2,900	3,000
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	720	355	360
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	2,970	1,405	1,570
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	355	215	140
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	5,155	2,640	2,515
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	185	85	105
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	16,775	7,980	8,795
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	255	135	120
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	120	55	70
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	455	205	250
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	25	20	10
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	2,430	1,235	1,190
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	8,190	3,940	4,245
Kosovar	485	255	225	245	110	130
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	95	50	45
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	240	105	135
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	15	10	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	2,335	1,105	1,230
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	190	85	105
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	10	0	10
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	100	45	60
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	2,685	1,175	1,510
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	190	90	100
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	65	40	25
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	3,610	1,830	1,780
Basque	815	400	415	105	45	65
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,485	725	765
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	60	45	15
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	20	15	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	1,970	1,015	950
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	3,570	1,745	1,825
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	80	50	35
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	190	95	100
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	405	200	200
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	150	85	75
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	40	30	10
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	270	125	145
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	120	60	60
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	20	10	10
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	85	25	65
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	1,295	640	655
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	35	10	20
Martinican	160	50	105	10	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	10	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	50	20	35
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	65	20	40
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	250	145	105
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	25	20	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	460	240	215
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	280	135	140
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	2,060	1,045	1,010
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	145	75	70
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	50	30	25
Belizean	355	170	185	10	0	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	35	20	15
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	210	115	100
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	80	50	30
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	240	125	110
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	25	0	20
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	25	10	10
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	55	35	20
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	270	125	145
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	55	35	20
Honduran	1,750	810	940	30	25	10
Maya	1,135	555	575	60	35	20
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	465	225	240
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	30	10	25
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	10	0	15
Paraguayan	305	140	160	0	0	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	145	65	80
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	85	55	25
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	15	0	15
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	55	40	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	150	80	70
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	12,510	6,010	6,505
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	1,075	560	515
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	10	10	10
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	10	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	25	20	10
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	165	85	80
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	10	0
Gambian	545	255	295	15	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	145	85	65
Guinean	680	335	340	25	20	10
Ibo	1,495	775	720	90	45	45
Ivorian	615	285	330	0	10	0
Liberian	335	140	200	20	10	10
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	10	10	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	355	185	170
Peulh	60	40	20	10	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	40	30	10
Togolese	315	205	105	70	30	35
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	70	25	45
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	110	60	50
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	1,715	900	815
Algerian	1,700	835	870	35	25	0
Berber	680	365	315	55	35	15
Coptic	1,815	935	885	25	10	15
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	1,180	630	545
Libyan	1,275	685	600	185	90	95
Maure	235	130	105	10	10	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	115	55	60
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	110	50	65
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	45	15	20
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	40	25	20
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	1,585	770	810
Afrikaner	340	175	170	20	0	20
Amhara	500	240	260	10	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	10	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	10	0	0
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	145	75	70
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	250	105	145
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	145	80	55
Malagasy	180	75	100	20	0	15
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	10	10	0
Oromo	830	370	460	30	15	15
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	95	50	50
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	170	80	85
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	400	185	220
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	55	40	20
Tigrian	410	210	200	15	0	10
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	55	20	35
Zambian	385	195	190	75	30	45
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	85	55	30
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	115	65	50
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	8,315	3,870	4,440
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	1,460	670	785
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	6,935	3,235	3,700
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	33,575	17,045	16,535
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	13,795	7,140	6,660
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	230	75	150
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	1,385	720	660
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	220	130	85
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	20	20	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	20	15	10
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,200	685	515
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	585	260	325
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	215	115	100
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	255	145	110
Kazakh	975	445	530	40	25	15
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	230	115	115
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	205	105	100
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	5,205	2,615	2,590
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	925	500	425
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	10	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	675	440	235
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	1,660	805	850
Tajik	1,425	670	755	25	15	10
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	35	10	25
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	570	270	300
Turkmen	405	205	200	10	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	10	10	10
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	90	60	30
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	205	105	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	765	400	365
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	6,885	3,885	3,005
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	205	125	85
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	50	35	20
Bhutanese	150	80	65	210	85	115
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	5,030	2,855	2,180
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	0	10	0
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	10	10	10
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	10	0	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	425	220	210
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	465	295	175
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	170	80	90
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	290	135	150
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	55	25	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	390	240	145
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	12,855	6,035	6,820
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	15	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	55	20	35
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	7,610	3,700	3,905
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	2,685	1,195	1,480
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	95	45	50
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	600	240	355
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	1,280	540	740
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	10	0	10
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	50	20	35
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	35	10	20
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	0	0	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	175	85	95
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	175	65	110
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	10	0	10
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	585	260	320
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	50	35	15
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	295	140	155
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	295	140	155
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	550	270	280
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	285	135	145
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	190	105	80
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	90	30	55
Fijian	1,185	495	690	10	10	0
Hawaiian	225	115	115	15	0	10
Maori	200	105	90	35	15	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	15	10	0
Samoan	90	45	50	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	173,455	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	104,250	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	69,180	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	10,415	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	163,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	875	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	25,150	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	45,370	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	62,955	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	39,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	173,460	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	46,250	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	25,385	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	24,840	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	22,370	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	54,610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	172,115	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	173,455	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	167,475	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	5,990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	173,455	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	35,105	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	49,465	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	27,070	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	24,820	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	13,190	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	12,695	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	11,110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	161,990	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	11,470	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	173,460	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	98,525	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	70,350	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	4,585	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	173,460	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	9,080	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	27,935	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	28,940	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	34,530	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	33,710	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	23,385	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	12,040	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	3,835	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	172,790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	129,585	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	43,205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	36,565	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	104,190	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	64.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,187	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,268	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	269,126	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	307,511	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	69,085	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	8.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	962	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,035	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	337,210	161,965	175,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	49,435	25,160	24,280
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	85,440	43,010	42,430
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	202,335	93,795	108,540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	26,270	18,000	8,270
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	14,480	8,135	6,345
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	11,790	9,865	1,925
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	69,970	29,400	40,570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	7,855	3,195	4,665
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	98,235	43,195	55,035
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	65,780	28,265	37,515
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	5,155	2,245	2,910
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	2,785	1,495	1,290
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	20,595	8,750	11,840
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	3,920	2,450	1,475
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	225,420	108,730	116,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	18,865	10,520	8,340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	49,630	25,545	24,080
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	156,930	72,660	84,270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	18,455	13,000	5,450
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	10,105	5,910	4,195
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	8,350	7,090	1,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	53,900	23,350	30,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	5,300	2,145	3,155
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	79,275	34,170	45,110
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	53,075	22,730	30,340
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	4,055	1,650	2,405
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	2,295	1,115	1,175
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	17,035	7,065	9,975
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	2,815	1,605	1,215
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	337,210	161,965	175,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	134,875	68,170	66,710
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	12,645	3,230	9,415
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	12,640	3,230	9,415
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	6,780	3,190	3,595
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	1,315	970	345
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	5,465	2,215	3,245
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	10,725	4,110	6,620
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	740	230	510
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	3,220	970	2,250
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,305	765	1,535
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	50	15	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	715	380	330
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	860	510	345
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	2,255	1,125	1,135
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	585	105	480
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	23,785	7,680	16,110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	415	90	330
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	2,300	835	1,460
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	4,015	310	3,705
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	3,600	1,200	2,400
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	390	105	285
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	5,035	1,310	3,725
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	8,025	3,825	4,200
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	47,175	16,450	30,730
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	70	15	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	2,855	685	2,175
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	44,245	15,745	28,505
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	9,850	4,750	5,105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	4,595	1,885	2,710
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	2,020	790	1,235
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	95	25	70
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	2,815	1,965	850
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	320	85	240
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	9,670	6,195	3,475
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	7,775	5,305	2,470
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	700	105	600
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	1,055	685	375
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	135	100	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	37,890	34,940	2,945
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	960	620	340
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	7,830	6,665	1,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	8,520	7,790	730
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	8,730	8,495	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	8,060	7,735	325
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	3,785	3,640	140
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	2,230	1,190	1,040
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,035	515	520
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	1,200	680	520
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	28,890	5,355	23,535
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	1,900	900	1,000
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	26,040	3,880	22,160
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	950	580	375
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	12,650	6,705	5,945
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	7,160	1,905	5,260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	180	180	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	520	475	40
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	2,025	1,610	415
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	2,765	2,540	225
Other	335	95	235	40	10	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	40	10	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	225,425	108,730	116,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	68,490	36,070	32,425
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	8,765	2,100	6,670
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	8,765	2,100	6,670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	5,325	2,515	2,805
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	970	735	240
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	4,355	1,785	2,570
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	8,300	3,110	5,190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	600	175	420
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	2,540	770	1,770
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,825	610	1,215
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	50	20	35
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	565	290	280
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	550	330	225
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,745	830	910
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	425	75	350
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	19,595	6,095	13,500
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	350	70	280
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,970	695	1,275
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	3,290	255	3,035
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	3,135	930	2,210
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	300	75	235
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	4,035	1,035	2,995
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	6,510	3,030	3,480
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	36,275	12,865	23,410
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	70	15	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	2,330	550	1,775
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	33,880	12,300	21,585
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	7,310	3,490	3,825
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	3,575	1,470	2,105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	1,485	600	885
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	90	25	65
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,965	1,355	605
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	195	35	165
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	8,505	5,570	2,935
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	7,135	4,920	2,215
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	480	75	405
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	770	485	285
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	115	90	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	28,875	26,365	2,510
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	735	445	290
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	5,890	4,910	975
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	6,725	6,075	650
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	6,650	6,415	230
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	6,110	5,870	245
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	2,755	2,655	105
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,830	975	855
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	835	415	420
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	995	555	435
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	22,215	4,290	17,930
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	1,510	760	755
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	19,945	3,100	16,845
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	760	430	325
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	9,890	5,280	4,600
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	5,630	1,575	4,060
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	165	165	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	310	285	30
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	1,600	1,265	335
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	2,175	1,995	180
Other	285	80	205	40	10	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	40	10	30
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	337,210	161,965	175,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	134,875	68,170	66,705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	202,335	93,795	108,540
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	184,280	84,675	99,605
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	140,680	63,335	77,345
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	43,605	21,335	22,265
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	18,060	9,125	8,935
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	3,800	2,010	1,790
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	1,105	395	720
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,475	770	700
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	3,175	1,855	1,320
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	810	315	495
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	250	145	105
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	7,440	3,635	3,805
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	225,420	108,730	116,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	68,490	36,065	32,425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	156,930	72,660	84,270
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	142,985	65,865	77,125
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	108,650	49,100	59,555
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	34,340	16,770	17,570
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	13,940	6,795	7,145
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	2,510	1,275	1,235
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	1,030	375	655
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,170	605	565
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	2,050	1,175	870
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	660	260	400
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	200	115	85
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	6,325	2,995	3,330
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	337,215	161,965	175,250
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	225,940	115,060	110,880
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	209,425	105,895	103,530
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	16,515	9,170	7,350
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	111,275	46,905	64,370
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	67.0	71.0	63.3
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	62.1	65.4	59.1
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.3	8.0	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	337,210	161,965	175,250
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	102,100	43,110	58,990
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	235,115	118,855	116,255
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	128,810	69,900	58,910
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	106,300	48,955	57,345
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	43.1	43.6	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	225,945	115,060	110,880
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	4,075	2,120	1,955
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	221,860	112,940	108,925
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	201,650	100,730	100,925
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	20,210	12,215	8,000
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	225,940	115,060	110,880
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	4,080	2,120	1,955
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	221,860	112,940	108,925
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	24,330	14,500	9,830
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	36,725	10,880	25,840
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	17,555	14,105	3,445
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	17,440	3,410	14,025
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	30,390	12,015	18,380
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	7,555	3,570	3,980
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	55,165	24,350	30,820
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	26,170	24,875	1,295
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	2,740	2,310	430
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	3,785	2,920	870
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	225,945	115,065	110,880
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	4,080	2,120	1,960
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	221,860	112,940	108,925
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	1,445	1,070	375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	1,115	975	140
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	1,595	1,045	550
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	13,810	12,280	1,535
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	10,000	7,310	2,690
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	7,070	5,105	1,965
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	26,560	11,990	14,570
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	10,025	7,640	2,385
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	6,320	3,610	2,715
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	10,370	4,235	6,135
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	4,390	2,455	1,935
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	17,535	9,885	7,655
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	230	90	140
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	11,685	6,820	4,865
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	17,535	5,935	11,600
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	28,995	5,410	23,580
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	4,835	2,495	2,345
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	16,125	6,840	9,285
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	8,850	3,785	5,065
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	23,370	13,970	9,395
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	209,425	105,895	103,530
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	13,580	6,570	7,015
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	1,040	710	325
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	22,215	16,360	5,855
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	172,585	82,250	90,340
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	172,585	82,250	90,335
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	166,455	78,620	87,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	155	105	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	4,155	2,315	1,835
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	1,825	1,215	610
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	194,800	98,610	96,190
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	137,130	73,100	64,025
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	14,270	5,220	9,045
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	22,980	9,960	13,020
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	15,935	7,500	8,435
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	1,965	1,310	655
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	2,530	1,530	1,005
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	194,805	98,615	96,195
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	48,600	22,265	26,330
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	79,445	41,265	38,180
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	42,835	22,665	20,170
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	13,965	6,940	7,020
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	9,960	5,475	4,490
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	194,805	98,610	96,190
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	9,345	6,050	3,295
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	38,000	22,710	15,295
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	58,980	29,475	29,510
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	41,880	17,970	23,905
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	19,595	8,615	10,980
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	27,000	13,790	13,210
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	241,390	121,770	119,620
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	239,880	121,140	118,740
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	239,140	120,745	118,400
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	237,620	120,350	117,270
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	1,520	390	1,125
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	735	400	340
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	740	400	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	150	115	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	150	110	35
Amharic	55	20	35	10	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	125	100	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	15	15	10
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	200	110	90
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	30	20	15
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	10
Latvian	10	10	10	10	0	10
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	25	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	30	20	10
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	10	10	10
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	25	10	15
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	50	30	15
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	20	20	0
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	20	15	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	30	10	20
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	30	10	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	75	35	45
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	10	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	30	10	20
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	30	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	30	0	25
American Sign Language	245	80	170	15	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	10	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	280	155	130
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	280	150	130
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	60	35	25
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	200	105	100
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	15	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,510	630	880
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	920	330	585
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	555	280	280
French and non-official language	85	45	40	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	30	15	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	241,390	121,770	119,620
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	230,965	116,690	114,270
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,325	460	870
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	7,040	3,575	3,465
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	1,905	955	950
Aboriginal	155	50	105	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	1,870	940	935
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	10	0	0
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	150	90	60
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	393,840	190,960	202,880
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	335,130	162,410	172,720
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	58,715	28,555	30,160
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	41,645	20,270	21,370
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	17,070	8,275	8,795
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	12,075	5,785	6,285
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	4,125	1,835	2,280
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	7,955	3,950	4,000
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	4,995	2,490	2,505
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	377,835	182,825	195,015
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	227,440	109,710	117,730
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	150,395	73,110	77,280
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	99,295	48,135	51,160
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	51,100	24,975	26,120
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	36,440	17,330	19,115
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	12,010	5,405	6,605
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	24,435	11,925	12,505
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	14,660	7,650	7,010