Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and London [Population centre], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			London Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : London [Population centre], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	383,437	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	365,715r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	175,205	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	162,861	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,649.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	232.48	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	383,430	185,345	198,090
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	62,045	31,670	30,380
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	20,335	10,490	9,845
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	21,305	10,865	10,440
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	20,405	10,310	10,090
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	257,785	126,020	131,765
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	22,640	11,520	11,120
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	30,160	15,225	14,945
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	28,450	14,185	14,265
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	26,200	12,860	13,345
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	23,700	11,570	12,135
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	23,075	11,220	11,855
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	24,615	11,980	12,635
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	28,465	13,760	14,700
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	27,135	12,870	14,270
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	23,335	10,835	12,500
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	63,605	27,655	35,950
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	20,500	9,510	10,990
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	14,690	6,695	7,995
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	10,925	4,890	6,035
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	8,300	3,455	4,850
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	9,185	3,110	6,075
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	5,510	2,080	3,435
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	2,905	850	2,055
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	675	170	510
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	90	15	80
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	16.2	17.1	15.3
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	67.2	68.0	66.5
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	16.6	14.9	18.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.4	1.7	3.1
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	40.5	39.2	41.7
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	39.7	38.0	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	162,860	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	80,935	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	33,985	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	47,790	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	5,870	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	20,555	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	4,340	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	16,855	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	170	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	162,860	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	52,040	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	55,135	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	23,965	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	20,460	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	11,270	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	377,640	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	321,390	153,680	167,710
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	172,085	85,890	86,195
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	142,330	71,010	71,320
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	29,755	14,880	14,875
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	149,305	67,785	81,520
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	98,200	51,670	46,535
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	11,100	4,595	6,505
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	21,815	7,985	13,830
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	18,185	3,535	14,650
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	104,085	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	53,490	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	22,435	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	19,340	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	8,825	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	104,090	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	84,185	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	69,315	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	14,870	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	19,900	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	16,090	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	3,815	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	84,185	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	41,275	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	42,905	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	16,850	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	17,795	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	8,265	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	19,900	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	12,205	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	5,585	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	2,110	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	78,610	36,515	42,095
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	162,860	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	100,140	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	39,895	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	60,245	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	1,940	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	60,780	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	52,035	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	8,740	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	379,035	183,625	195,415
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	344,940	169,220	175,715
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	225	105	115
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	27,800	11,800	16,000
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	6,075	2,495	3,575
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	379,035	183,625	195,410
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	366,310	178,105	188,205
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	4,785	2,145	2,635
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	2,010	945	1,070
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	5,930	2,425	3,500
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	5,790	2,615	3,170
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.5	1.4	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	379,030	183,625	195,415
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	371,475	179,905	191,570
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	293,595	142,655	150,945
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	288,855	140,540	148,315
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	4,745	2,115	2,630
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	77,870	37,245	40,625
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	130	45	80
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	55	15	40
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	10	0	5
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	50	15	35
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	45	15	25
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	50	15	40
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	5	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	50	15	30
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	77,750	37,205	40,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	12,935	6,605	6,330
Berber languages	220	130	90	15	10	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	260	120	140
Bilen	80	45	35	5	5	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	15	5	5
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	235	110	130
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	5	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	12,640	6,460	6,185
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	255	130	125
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	10,530	5,385	5,145
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	1,035	515	515
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	210	105	105
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	135	80	60
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	185	95	85
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	245	125	120
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	2,450	1,115	1,335
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	740	340	400
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	1,710	775	935
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	1,875	725	1,150
Bikol	470	210	260	5	5	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	75	20	55
Fijian	55	25	25	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	25	10	15
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	165	75	85
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	125	65	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	10	5	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	0	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	1,435	535	895
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	20	5	15
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	70	35	40
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	30	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	40	15	25
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	1,345	715	630
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	55	30	25
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	820	415	400
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	325	170	155
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	140	95	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	44,580	21,240	23,340
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	990	515	480
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	90	45	40
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	11,100	5,150	5,950
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	210	85	125
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	75	30	40
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	140	55	85
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	10,895	5,065	5,825
Belarusan	355	170	185	15	10	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	610	300	310
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	75	35	40
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	765	370	390
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	345	160	185
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	90	35	55
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	5,130	2,355	2,775
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,325	595	725
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	815	415	395
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	330	160	170
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	315	140	170
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	200	85	120
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	850	390	465
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	35	15	20
Celtic languages	460	210	250	25	5	15
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	10	5	10
Welsh	150	65	85	10	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	5	5
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	5,075	2,190	2,885
Afrikaans	985	475	510	60	30	30
Danish	1,570	710	855	170	85	85
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	2,000	870	1,125
Frisian	135	60	75	40	15	20
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	2,545	1,065	1,480
Icelandic	85	40	45	10	5	5
Norwegian	380	170	210	30	10	15
Swedish	1,140	485	660	60	35	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	135	50	85
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	25	15	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	5	5
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	1,750	870	885
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	8,630	4,470	4,160
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	5,535	2,895	2,640
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	450	225	220
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	690	370	325
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	825	450	375
Kashmiri	275	140	140	0	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	30	15	15
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	85	45	40
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	720	355	365
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	15	5	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	1,035	565	475
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	60	35	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	130	65	65
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	1,500	770	725
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	3,065	1,555	1,505
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	995	525	470
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	185	90	95
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	1,885	940	940
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	16,905	7,995	8,915
Catalan	165	90	75	20	10	5
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	2,890	1,415	1,480
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	4,550	2,130	2,420
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	805	370	440
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	8,640	4,070	4,570
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	10	5	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	230	90	140
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	0	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	2,690	1,245	1,445
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	0	0	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	650	310	335
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	65	30	35
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	5	0	5
Ewe	370	185	190	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	5	0
Ga	440	200	245	15	5	10
Ganda	515	245	270	20	10	10
Igbo	1,520	775	750	40	25	20
Lingala	375	175	200	20	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	40	20	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	35	15	20
Shona	680	325	355	35	15	20
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	130	55	70
Wolof	160	90	80	5	5	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	65	40	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	150	70	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	195	85	105
Dinka	45	25	15	105	45	60
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	90	40	50
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	165	85	75
American Sign Language	470	250	220	95	55	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	70	35	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	8,695	4,065	4,630
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	8,450	3,945	4,505
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	1,955	925	1,025
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	20	15	10
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	5,805	2,685	3,120
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	130	50	80
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	95	40	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	430	220	210
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	245	125	125
Burmese	1,005	450	555	30	20	10
Karenic languages	265	125	140	195	100	100
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	185	80	110
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	120	60	60
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	65	20	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	440	240	195
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	45	25	20
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	330	180	150
Uyghur	385	195	195	25	15	10
Uzbek	595	300	295	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	30	20	10
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	1,185	540	640
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	45	15	25
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	100	40	60
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	1,040	485	560
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	65	25	40
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	7,560	3,725	3,840
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	1,050	475	575
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	6,030	3,020	3,015
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	240	120	120
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	240	110	130
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	379,035	183,625	195,415
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	362,445	175,580	186,865
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	323,645	157,085	166,560
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	322,080	156,370	165,710
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	1,565	715	845
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	38,800	18,495	20,305
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	30	10	15
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	10	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	15	5	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	5
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	38,770	18,480	20,290
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	7,310	3,600	3,715
Berber languages	65	30	30	10	5	5
Kabyle	35	15	15	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	125	50	75
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	5	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	120	50	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	7,180	3,540	3,635
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	115	60	55
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	6,095	3,000	3,095
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	660	325	335
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	120	60	55
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	55	35	25
Maltese	875	395	475	15	10	5
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	105	55	50
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	25	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	1,510	685	825
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	430	195	235
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	1,085	495	590
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	710	310	395
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	20	5	10
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	0	5	0
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	55	25	25
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	45	25	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	590	255	335
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	5	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	15	5	5
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	695	375	320
Kannada	830	415	410	15	15	10
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	475	245	225
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	145	75	65
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	60	35	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	19,495	9,280	10,215
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	465	225	235
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	35	15	20
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	4,800	2,320	2,485
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	35	15	20
Latvian	600	245	355	10	5	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	30	10	15
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	4,770	2,305	2,460
Belarusan	125	60	65	10	0	5
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	295	145	150
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	40	20	20
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	285	140	145
Czech	1,415	685	730	100	55	50
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	35	15	20
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	2,385	1,135	1,250
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	705	345	360
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	395	210	180
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	135	65	75
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	35	15	20
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	250	110	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	5	5
Celtic languages	65	35	30	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	5	5
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	395	185	210
Afrikaans	265	125	145	20	15	15
Danish	135	65	75	15	5	5
Dutch	655	300	350	95	50	50
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	245	110	135
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	5	0	5
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	710	335	375
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	5,080	2,540	2,540
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	3,170	1,595	1,580
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	250	125	125
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	350	170	175
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	410	215	195
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	15	5	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	45	25	20
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	665	320	340
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	525	275	250
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	65	35	30
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	840	410	425
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	1,895	935	955
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	600	300	295
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	115	55	60
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	1,180	580	600
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	8,005	3,660	4,340
Catalan	80	40	45	10	5	5
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	720	310	410
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	1,770	810	965
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	320	155	165
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	5,180	2,385	2,800
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	5	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	90	45	45
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	2,010	920	1,090
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	170	70	100
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	10	5	10
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	5	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	5
Igbo	410	205	205	15	10	5
Lingala	95	40	55	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	10	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	10	0	5
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	50	15	35
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	40	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	70	35	40
Dinka	15	5	5	35	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	35	20	15
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	185	100	85
American Sign Language	720	375	345	100	55	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	90	45	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	5,910	2,760	3,150
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	5,750	2,680	3,070
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	1,135	525	610
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	0	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	4,215	1,955	2,265
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	50	20	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	50	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	285	155	130
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	160	80	80
Burmese	575	260	310	15	10	5
Karenic languages	215	105	110	140	70	70
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	65	30	30
Lao	1,050	505	540	40	20	20
Thai	575	255	320	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	220	110	110
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	10	10	10
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	160	80	80
Uyghur	225	120	105	15	10	10
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	25	15	10
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	305	145	155
Estonian	650	240	410	5	0	5
Finnish	510	220	290	5	5	0
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	295	145	150
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	10	5	5
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	16,585	8,045	8,545
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	695	315	385
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	15,410	7,520	7,895
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	85	30	55
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	395	185	215
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	379,035	183,625	195,410
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	331,615	160,940	170,670
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	17,335	8,465	8,875
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	4,355	1,765	2,585
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	24,845	12,025	12,825
Aboriginal	480	205	275	210	80	125
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	24,635	11,945	12,695
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	190	85	105
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	275	150	130
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	415	190	225
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	10	0	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	315,750	151,490	164,255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	302,345	144,970	157,375
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	32,643	37,247	29,195
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	302,405	144,975	157,425
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	29,878	33,547	26,999
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	265,745	129,470	136,275
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	31,849	37,306	27,163
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	226,005	101,120	124,885
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,877	2,411	6,236
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	218,060	110,700	107,360
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	32,230	35,950	29,154
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	315,875	151,550	164,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	302,415	144,970	157,450
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	43,687	49,733	38,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	302,480	144,970	157,510
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	36,706	40,973	32,779
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	266,035	129,660	136,380
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	43,244	50,290	36,546
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	226,560	101,560	124,995
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,535	6,787	8,143
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	218,215	110,630	107,585
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	42,151	47,431	36,721
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	315,880	151,550	164,325
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	103,190	55,805	47,385
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	51,300	55,266	47,663
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	60,982	66,257	54,769
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	87.1	90.6	82.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	69.8	73.3	65.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	12.9	9.4	17.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	315,745	151,495	164,250
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	13,400	6,525	6,880
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	302,345	144,970	157,375
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.8	95.7	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	45,760	21,440	24,325
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	53,430	22,190	31,240
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	42,475	17,710	24,770
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	34,830	15,475	19,355
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	32,165	15,120	17,050
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	23,910	12,175	11,740
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	18,090	9,885	8,205
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	12,885	7,150	5,730
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	9,530	5,400	4,130
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	8,885	4,725	4,165
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	20,380	13,710	6,670
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	13,785	8,965	4,815
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	6,595	4,745	1,855
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	315,745	151,495	164,250
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	13,345	6,520	6,825
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	302,405	144,975	157,430
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.8	95.7	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	46,915	21,685	25,225
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	55,805	23,255	32,555
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	49,045	20,865	28,185
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	42,525	19,385	23,140
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	35,250	17,340	17,910
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	23,985	13,010	10,980
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	15,720	8,870	6,845
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	12,405	6,780	5,625
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	20,760	13,785	6,970
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	7,030	4,255	2,775
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	4,165	2,775	1,390
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	9,565	6,755	2,810
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	315,745	151,495	164,255
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	97,685	40,795	56,895
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	218,060	110,700	107,355
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	69.1	73.1	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	31,555	15,805	15,750
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	18,420	8,425	9,995
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	29,730	13,640	16,090
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	24,140	11,260	12,880
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	22,790	10,400	12,390
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	22,210	10,685	11,530
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	16,830	8,880	7,955
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	12,920	7,185	5,735
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	9,440	5,390	4,050
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	30,020	19,030	10,995
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	7,535	4,240	3,300
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	7,455	4,015	3,440
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	15,030	10,780	4,250
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	162,860	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	62,102	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	55,321	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	52,035	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	34,415	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	31,188	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	110,820	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	80,559	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	71,518	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	162,895	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	81,105	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	68,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	51,940	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	43,991	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	37,106	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	110,950	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	98,481	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	82,699	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	162,860	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	3,745	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	3,265	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	5,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	7,060	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	7,875	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	7,320	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	7,445	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	7,710	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	7,625	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	7,490	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	13,610	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	11,990	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	10,625	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	9,265	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	8,395	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	43,775	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	15,260	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	9,920	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	10,365	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	8,235	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	162,860	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	3,865	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	3,300	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	5,755	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	7,390	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	8,865	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	8,260	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	8,720	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	9,120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	9,005	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	8,625	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	15,360	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	13,240	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	11,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	9,940	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	7,840	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	31,800	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	13,825	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	7,840	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	10,140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	103,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	82,445	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	72,880	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	39,060	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	79,074	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	69,718	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	43,190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	106,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	92,118	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	18,805	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	47,665	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	44,939	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	103,945	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	100,596	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	84,249	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	39,035	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	95,356	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	79,543	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	43,355	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	125,305	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	103,827	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	18,760	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	57,561	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	51,027	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	71,185	33,455	37,730
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	28,920	28,262	29,484
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	26,806	26,094	27,334
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	70,935	33,675	37,260
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	38,836	39,806	37,959
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	33,063	33,346	32,808
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	377,640	183,080	194,555
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	203,970	96,875	107,095
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	51,915	25,210	26,705
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	40,980	18,520	22,455
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	37,735	17,750	19,985
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	37,090	17,790	19,300
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	36,245	17,605	18,640
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	173,670	86,205	87,465
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	35,780	17,475	18,305
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	35,450	17,435	18,015
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	35,970	17,940	18,030
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	34,820	17,315	17,505
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	31,655	16,040	15,615
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	377,635	183,080	194,560
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	74,460	38,035	36,425
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	24,355	12,555	11,800
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	243,665	118,600	125,065
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	59,515	26,450	33,065
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	70,800	33,130	37,660
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	18,440	9,395	9,045
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	6,515	3,345	3,170
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	45,225	21,210	24,015
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	7,135	2,530	4,605
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	18.7	18.1	19.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	24.8	24.7	24.8
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	26.8	26.6	26.9
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	18.6	17.9	19.2
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	12.0	9.6	13.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	43,740	21,565	22,175
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	9,890	5,060	4,830
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	3,630	1,870	1,760
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	32,300	15,870	16,430
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,545	635	910
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	11.6	11.8	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	13.3	13.3	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	14.9	14.9	14.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	13.3	13.4	13.1
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.6	2.4	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	377,765	183,140	194,630
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	371,710	180,705	191,005
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	371,410	180,550	190,860
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	27,835	11,880	15,960
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	96,800	46,655	50,145
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	295	95	200
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	145	50	100
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	10
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	130	40	85
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	130	40	85
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	135	40	95
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	45	15	35	15	0	10
Oneida	10	10	10	115	40	80
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	10
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	96,515	46,565	49,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	16,845	8,660	8,185
Berber languages	245	135	110	15	10	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	10	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	420	180	235
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	15	10	10
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	395	165	225
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	10	10	10
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	16,400	8,465	7,935
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	410	210	200
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	14,385	7,430	6,955
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	1,350	680	675
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	250	135	115
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	310	170	140
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	245	130	115
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	410	200	215
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	95	55	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	50	30	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	3,300	1,510	1,785
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	1,125	550	580
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	2,185	980	1,210
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	2,555	1,000	1,555
Bikol	580	260	325	25	0	15
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	125	35	95
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	35	15	20
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	230	90	135
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	180	95	90
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	15	10	10
Pangasinan	450	200	255	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	2,240	845	1,395
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	45	20	25
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	215	110	105
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	30	15	15
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	80	40	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	115	55	55
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	1,805	890	920
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	165	85	75
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	1,020	490	535
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	565	295	270
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	210	110	100
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	57,140	27,460	29,685
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	1,120	570	550
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	145	65	85
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	13,145	6,415	6,730
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	255	110	145
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	110	50	60
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	145	55	85
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	12,910	6,315	6,595
Belarusan	945	495	450	75	40	35
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	890	480	410
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	90	35	50
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	1,225	620	610
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	415	215	200
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	155	70	80
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	6,015	2,920	3,090
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	2,290	1,100	1,190
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	1,330	695	635
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	455	210	245
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	370	185	180
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	225	95	125
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	1,025	450	575
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	30	10	15
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	125	55	65
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	50	15	35
Welsh	235	115	125	25	10	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	45	35	10
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	7,080	3,275	3,805
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	175	85	90
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	240	110	135
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	2,250	905	1,345
Frisian	195	75	115	55	30	30
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	4,190	2,050	2,140
Icelandic	130	55	75	10	10	10
Norwegian	960	460	500	75	40	35
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	170	80	90
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	100	55	45
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	30	20	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	10	10	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	2,530	1,315	1,215
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	10,890	5,465	5,425
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	7,705	3,920	3,790
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	520	250	275
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	845	460	380
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	3,000	1,610	1,400
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	15	10	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	100	50	50
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	855	425	430
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	10	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	1,885	1,020	865
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	115	50	65
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	165	70	100
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	2,435	1,200	1,235
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	3,290	1,615	1,680
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	1,040	540	500
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	280	145	130
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	2,145	1,020	1,130
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	23,595	11,045	12,550
Catalan	315	165	150	15	0	10
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	4,380	2,130	2,250
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	5,835	2,785	3,045
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	1,005	470	530
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	13,105	5,975	7,135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	30	20	15
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	710	335	370
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	10
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	3,025	1,445	1,585
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,245	670	575
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	155	75	80
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	0	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	10	0	10
Ga	1,005	490	515	25	0	15
Ganda	865	410	455	30	20	15
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	60	40	25
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	85	50	35
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	50	35	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	60	25	35
Shona	1,175	515	655	60	30	25
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	340	160	175
Wolof	415	185	230	0	10	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	245	150	95
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	310	160	150
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	225	115	105
Dinka	85	65	25	35	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	185	95	90
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	825	320	505
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	480	175	310
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	360	155	200
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	9,110	4,350	4,765
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	8,885	4,230	4,655
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	2,380	1,110	1,270
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	20	10	10
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	6,720	3,170	3,555
Min Dong	710	285	425	15	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	165	60	105
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	175	70	110
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	425	220	205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	230	120	115
Burmese	1,325	600	720	55	35	20
Karenic languages	245	115	135	125	60	65
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	40	20	25
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	235	105	135
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	180	90	90
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	85	30	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	680	360	315
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	110	55	55
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	505	270	230
Uyghur	490	225	265	55	35	15
Uzbek	815	440	375	15	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	25	20	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	1,425	680	745
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	55	35	20
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	95	50	45
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	1,275	600	675
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	90	50	35
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	377,765	183,140	194,630
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	351,525	170,335	181,190
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	70,230	35,860	34,375
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	281,295	134,480	146,815
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	26,245	12,800	13,440
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	377,770	183,140	194,630
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	286,460	139,195	147,265
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	83,375	39,820	43,555
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	26,455	12,560	13,895
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	11,605	5,565	6,035
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	14,520	7,030	7,490
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	19,235	9,090	10,150
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	9,005	4,225	4,785
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	10,225	4,865	5,360
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	11,560	5,575	5,985
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	7,930	4,115	3,815
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	83,375	39,820	43,555
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	10,200	5,130	5,070
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	17,220	8,835	8,380
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	17,655	7,910	9,745
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	32,440	15,205	17,230
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	5,870	2,740	3,130
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	83,380	39,825	43,555
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	14,305	6,595	7,710
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	325	175	155
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	3,335	1,500	1,840
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	1,615	760	860
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	485	225	265
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	105	50	55
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	1,110	570	540
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	570	240	325
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	140	55	80
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	600	285	315
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	3,555	1,540	2,015
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	2,470	1,200	1,265
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	32,980	15,800	17,180
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	1,120	580	545
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	840	420	415
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	270	125	140
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	1,965	975	995
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	1,105	565	545
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	810	380	425
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	540	295	245
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	2,065	1,090	975
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	1,840	840	995
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	4,180	1,915	2,260
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	3,340	1,660	1,680
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	910	440	465
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	505	225	280
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	500	255	245
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	620	250	365
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	8,885	4,050	4,835
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	3,485	1,720	1,760
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	5,220	2,620	2,605
Algeria	1,240	650	595	80	45	40
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	1,070	575	500
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	310	145	165
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	280	130	150
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	30	10	20
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	305	165	140
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	225	110	120
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	445	245	200
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	2,470	1,195	1,275
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	30,565	14,625	15,940
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	580	285	290
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	325	160	170
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	3,780	1,675	2,105
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	645	305	340
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	3,280	1,665	1,615
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	1,135	535	600
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	2,735	1,375	1,355
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	190	65	125
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	2,065	980	1,085
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	1,735	900	835
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	1,530	770	765
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	2,250	840	1,415
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	240	110	135
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	2,115	1,035	1,080
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	170	70	100
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	1,620	720	900
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	6,165	3,140	3,025
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	305	185	120
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	11,565	5,580	5,985
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	1,865	830	1,035
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	40	25	15
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	590	230	370
Cuba	1,200	535	660	65	30	35
Haiti	865	415	450	50	25	25
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	120	80	45
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	100	35	60
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	455	225	230
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	75	30	45
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	360	155	215
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	860	460	400
France	1,400	675	725	30	20	20
Germany	915	490	420	50	20	25
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	20	10	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	0	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	45	20	30
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	70	20	45
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	85	35	55
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	225	150	80
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	330	185	145
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	1,075	530	540
Algeria	205	95	115	15	0	10
Cameroon	805	355	450	60	30	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	70	40	25
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	25	15	15
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	295	155	145
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	65	50	20
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	15	0	15
Morocco	365	145	220	10	0	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	75	35	35
Somalia	1,155	555	600	35	25	15
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	45	20	20
Tunisia	125	90	40	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	355	155	205
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	7,720	3,735	3,985
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	125	65	60
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	95	55	45
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	930	425	505
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	10	0	0
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	1,000	530	475
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	260	130	130
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	915	435	475
Israel	1,665	880	785	20	10	10
Japan	965	265	700	50	20	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	395	205	190
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	195	90	100
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	250	130	115
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	260	135	125
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	535	205	335
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	175	75	100
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	45	25	20
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	1,230	620	615
Taiwan	760	300	460	15	10	10
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	75	35	40
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	170	105	60
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	65	15	55
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	905	420	485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	40	20	25
Australia	1,005	615	390	25	10	20
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	15	15	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	377,765	183,135	194,630
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	93,475	45,120	48,360
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	80,125	39,430	40,695
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	204,165	98,585	105,575
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	57,775	27,675	30,105
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	23,900	11,955	11,945
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	8,160	5,500	2,660
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	15,740	6,455	9,285
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	13,870	5,390	8,485
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	19,470	10,085	9,385
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	530	245	290
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	377,765	183,140	194,625
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	9,755	4,460	5,300
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	9,430	4,305	5,120
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	7,075	3,155	3,925
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	2,275	1,100	1,175
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	80	55	25
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	65	30	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	265	125	135
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	368,010	178,675	189,330
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	377,770	183,140	194,630
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	4,690	1,995	2,695
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	373,080	181,145	191,940
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	377,770	183,140	194,625
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	2,605	1,165	1,440
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	2,595	1,160	1,435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	2,330	1,010	1,325
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	235	135	100
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	11,575	5,295	6,280
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	11,450	5,245	6,210
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	8,940	4,060	4,880
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	2,380	1,095	1,285
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	135	85	50
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	120	50	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	95	35	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	20	15	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	363,580	176,675	186,910
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	377,765	183,140	194,630
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	74,735	36,900	37,830
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	11,560	5,880	5,685
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	10,350	4,885	5,465
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	11,290	5,775	5,520
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	3,475	1,465	2,005
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	9,035	4,350	4,685
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	13,580	7,055	6,525
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	4,380	2,110	2,265
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	3,215	1,540	1,675
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	3,260	1,550	1,710
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	635	290	350
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	1,695	890	800
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	2,255	1,100	1,150
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	303,035	146,235	156,800
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	377,765	183,140	194,625
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	14,185	6,460	7,715
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	11,400	5,130	6,275
Inuit	1,360	645	710	185	125	65
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	2,725	1,275	1,455
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	101,235	48,850	52,390
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	415	195	215
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	4,695	2,290	2,405
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	97,880	47,150	50,735
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	10	10	10
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	260	130	135
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	15	0	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	30	20	15
Québécois	1,570	780	785	70	30	40
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	0	0	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	264,765	127,245	137,520
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	179,815	85,960	93,855
Channel Islander	445	235	210	10	0	15
Cornish	205	105	95	25	15	10
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	107,605	50,845	56,760
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	75,165	34,850	40,315
Manx	815	475	345	110	85	25
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	79,135	37,695	41,440
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	7,370	3,505	3,870
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	12,805	5,890	6,915
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	36,045	16,655	19,385
Alsatian	355	140	215	45	10	30
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	10
Corsican	60	30	30	0	10	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	36,005	16,650	19,360
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	69,235	33,100	36,140
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	2,000	1,015	990
Bavarian	155	65	85	20	20	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	3,250	1,490	1,755
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	23,750	11,445	12,305
Flemish	910	430	475	300	155	150
Frisian	400	230	165	65	25	35
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	43,960	21,065	22,895
Luxembourger	305	145	155	15	10	10
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,500	645	855
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	25	25	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	8,070	3,725	4,340
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	2,200	1,080	1,120
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	1,385	570	815
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	310	160	150
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	1,985	925	1,060
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	2,120	935	1,185
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	610	265	350
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	39,700	19,295	20,410
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	310	110	200
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	490	245	250
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	1,525	760	760
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	440	225	215
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	270	140	130
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	6,170	3,090	3,080
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	370	165	205
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	990	495	500
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	25	10	15
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	16,755	8,105	8,650
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	2,555	1,220	1,340
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	4,610	2,215	2,395
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	1,330	670	660
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	10,070	4,860	5,210
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	120	60	55
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	45,595	22,625	22,965
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	1,195	600	590
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	1,105	605	500
Catalan	160	105	60	20	15	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	2,385	1,215	1,170
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	130	45	80
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	4,835	2,390	2,440
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	18,840	9,365	9,465
Kosovar	485	255	225	195	105	85
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	425	210	215
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	1,440	720	715
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	75	35	40
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	9,855	4,930	4,930
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	1,825	925	900
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	110	45	65
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	830	440	395
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	4,735	2,155	2,580
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	905	430	480
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	45	30	15
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,930	950	975
Basque	815	400	415	35	15	25
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,040	475	565
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	50	20	30
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	80	55	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	725	390	340
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	6,770	3,455	3,315
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	20	0	15
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	125	60	60
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	615	350	265
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	60	25	30
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	15	0	10
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	365	180	185
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	175	80	95
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	175	85	85
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	210	120	85
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	3,605	1,840	1,770
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	0	10
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	20	15	0
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	70	35	30
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	930	495	435
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	55	35	25
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	480	205	275
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	235	120	115
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	11,325	5,475	5,850
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	325	155	160
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	175	85	95
Belizean	355	170	185	40	20	15
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	20	0	15
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	340	175	160
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	335	155	180
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	4,185	1,960	2,220
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	50	25	25
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	75	45	25
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	335	180	155
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	830	380	445
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	295	130	165
Honduran	1,750	810	940	170	80	90
Maya	1,135	555	575	110	70	45
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	1,155	540	615
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	515	270	245
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	35	25	10
Paraguayan	305	140	160	10	10	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	235	120	110
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	1,940	960	990
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	20	0	15
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	285	130	160
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	435	230	200
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	10,110	5,270	4,835
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	1,470	745	725
Akan	700	395	305	0	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	50	30	20
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	25	0	20
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	100	45	55
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	215	110	105
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	340	175	165
Guinean	680	335	340	15	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	35	20	10
Ivorian	615	285	330	20	0	15
Liberian	335	140	200	105	45	60
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	15	10	15
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	435	225	205
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	10	0	10
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	105	50	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	75	45	30
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	3,190	1,785	1,400
Algerian	1,700	835	870	90	45	50
Berber	680	365	315	30	15	15
Coptic	1,815	935	885	50	30	25
Dinka	35	25	10	80	30	45
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	1,715	955	760
Libyan	1,275	685	600	250	130	120
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	90	30	60
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	810	490	325
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	85	45	35
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	75	50	25
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	3,135	1,535	1,605
Afrikaner	340	175	170	0	0	0
Amhara	500	240	260	30	10	20
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	45	25	20
Burundian	710	385	325	70	40	30
Djiboutian	205	95	115	50	25	25
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	570	295	270
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	620	285	340
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	125	60	65
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	25	20	10
Oromo	830	370	460	25	0	25
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	90	30	65
Seychellois	165	65	95	10	0	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	600	280	315
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	535	280	255
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	20	10	10
Tigrian	410	210	200	25	15	10
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	115	55	55
Zambian	385	195	190	15	0	10
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	95	45	45
Zulu	205	100	110	20	10	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	250	115	135
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	2,465	1,280	1,180
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	375	205	180
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	2,095	1,085	1,005
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	55,905	27,230	28,670
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	20,525	10,380	10,145
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	860	415	445
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	2,640	1,370	1,270
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	285	125	160
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	1,065	545	520
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	70	30	40
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	0	0	10
Hazara	515	280	235	15	10	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,785	880	900
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	2,510	1,270	1,240
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	145	85	65
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	620	330	290
Kazakh	975	445	530	20	15	10
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	985	520	465
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	20	10	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	4,715	2,395	2,315
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	2,340	1,140	1,195
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	35	15	20
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	310	170	140
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	2,270	1,100	1,165
Tajik	1,425	670	755	40	25	15
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	30	15	15
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	1,025	530	505
Turkmen	405	205	200	50	35	15
Uighur	545	255	290	55	35	20
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	40	25	15
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	75	30	45
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	975	530	445
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	11,895	5,990	5,910
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	275	140	140
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	200	80	120
Bhutanese	150	80	65	515	225	295
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	8,110	4,130	3,980
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	65	35	30
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	10	10	10
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	20	10	10
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	415	225	190
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	1,765	895	865
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	300	155	145
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	95	45	50
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	350	155	190
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	115	60	55
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	585	280	300
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	23,945	11,080	12,865
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	180	100	80
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	1,455	715	740
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	11,950	5,520	6,425
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	3,990	1,720	2,265
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	245	130	115
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	800	365	445
Karen	265	115	145	110	55	55
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	3,315	1,575	1,740
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	260	145	120
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	85	25	55
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	85	50	35
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	10	0	10
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	115	60	60
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	195	95	100
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	20	10	10
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	2,740	1,245	1,500
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	70	30	40
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	235	120	120
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	235	115	115
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	595	285	315
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	350	190	165
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	155	50	105
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	90	45	45
Fijian	1,185	495	690	30	10	20
Hawaiian	225	115	115	0	0	0
Maori	200	105	90	25	15	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	0	0	0
Samoan	90	45	50	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	30	15	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	162,895	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	98,075	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	64,820	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	162,895	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	24,220	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	138,670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	162,895	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	610	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	25,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	41,385	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	59,850	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	36,040	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	162,895	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	44,670	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	21,820	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	23,625	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	21,815	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	50,960	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	162,890	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	160,690	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	2,205	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	162,895	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	155,620	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	7,275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	162,895	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	40,010	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	51,285	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	24,310	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	18,000	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	9,910	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	11,065	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	8,310	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	162,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	153,505	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	9,390	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	162,895	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	98,565	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	60,695	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	3,630	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	162,890	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	8,435	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	26,225	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	25,985	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	31,640	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	30,780	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	21,940	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	12,895	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	4,990	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	162,720	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	118,195	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	44,520	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	37,940	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	98,065	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	62.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	14.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,120	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,223	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	259,927	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	296,305	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	64,820	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	11.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	46.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	875	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	940	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	315,875	151,550	164,325
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	51,630	25,585	26,040
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	88,360	44,510	43,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	175,885	81,450	94,435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	17,630	11,985	5,645
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	9,000	5,315	3,690
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	8,630	6,675	1,955
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	72,700	30,650	42,055
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	5,505	2,510	3,000
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	80,045	36,310	43,735
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	50,420	21,530	28,885
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	5,445	2,300	3,145
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	3,435	1,890	1,545
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	15,920	7,445	8,475
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	4,830	3,145	1,680
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	203,730	98,030	105,705
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	20,195	10,720	9,480
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	49,550	26,270	23,275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	133,985	61,040	72,945
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	11,790	7,955	3,835
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	6,220	3,675	2,545
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	5,565	4,275	1,290
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	55,965	24,035	31,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	3,800	1,730	2,075
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	62,430	27,325	35,105
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	38,640	16,145	22,495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	4,090	1,615	2,470
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	2,790	1,380	1,405
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	13,055	5,800	7,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	3,855	2,380	1,480
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	315,875	151,545	164,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	139,990	70,095	69,890
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	10,060	2,550	7,510
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	10,065	2,555	7,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	7,210	3,375	3,830
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	1,385	1,090	290
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	5,825	2,285	3,540
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	11,655	4,685	6,970
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	880	220	660
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	3,335	1,015	2,325
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,400	950	1,450
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	95	20	75
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	1,005	545	455
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	1,120	655	460
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	2,080	1,160	925
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	745	125	620
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	24,810	8,175	16,630
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	240	30	210
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	1,665	750	915
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	4,860	395	4,465
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	3,620	1,115	2,505
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	425	130	300
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	4,130	1,025	3,110
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	9,860	4,740	5,120
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	33,190	13,690	19,500
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	90	30	65
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	3,675	715	2,955
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	29,425	12,940	16,485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	7,705	3,830	3,875
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	3,795	1,730	2,060
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,340	600	740
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	110	30	85
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	2,100	1,360	745
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	355	110	245
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	7,730	5,045	2,685
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	5,630	4,120	1,510
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	845	185	665
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	1,170	700	465
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	80	40	45
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	29,605	26,930	2,675
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	1,200	850	360
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	6,945	5,650	1,300
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	6,795	6,195	595
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	5,430	5,290	140
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	5,665	5,540	125
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	3,565	3,405	155
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	2,400	1,480	925
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	1,635	1,005	630
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	760	475	290
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	31,815	7,120	24,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	2,830	1,490	1,345
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	27,755	4,950	22,800
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	1,230	680	550
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	9,685	4,565	5,115
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	5,545	1,415	4,130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	30	30	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	50	45	10
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	2,765	1,910	860
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,290	1,165	125
Other	335	95	235	25	10	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	25	10	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	203,730	98,025	105,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	69,750	36,990	32,760
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	6,720	1,560	5,160
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	6,725	1,560	5,160
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	5,605	2,615	2,990
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	1,015	775	235
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	4,590	1,835	2,755
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	8,520	3,300	5,220
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	660	165	495
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	2,470	685	1,785
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,665	650	1,020
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	75	20	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	805	430	370
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	760	440	320
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,565	845	720
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	515	60	455
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	19,460	6,275	13,190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	215	25	185
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,340	585	755
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	3,800	320	3,480
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	3,085	810	2,270
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	350	105	245
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	3,090	745	2,350
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	7,580	3,680	3,895
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	25,780	10,320	15,455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	80	20	60
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	2,970	530	2,440
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	22,735	9,770	12,965
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	5,805	2,760	3,050
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	2,950	1,275	1,675
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	955	415	540
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	100	25	75
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,565	975	590
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	245	75	170
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	6,535	4,275	2,260
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	4,955	3,610	1,340
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	650	135	515
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	860	495	360
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	75	30	45
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	22,155	19,940	2,215
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	1,030	735	295
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	5,380	4,285	1,095
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	5,250	4,745	505
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	3,815	3,720	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	4,130	4,035	100
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	2,550	2,420	130
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	1,875	1,115	765
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	1,270	745	520
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	605	365	240
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	24,115	5,365	18,750
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	2,145	1,110	1,030
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	20,965	3,755	17,210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	1,010	500	505
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	7,385	3,510	3,870
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	4,065	1,040	3,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	2,255	1,515	735
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	1,005	905	100
Other	285	80	205	30	10	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	25	10	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	315,875	151,550	164,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	139,990	70,095	69,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	175,885	81,455	94,430
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	148,775	67,755	81,020
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	140,390	63,815	76,580
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	8,380	3,940	4,440
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	27,115	13,695	13,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	4,465	2,460	2,010
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	1,095	355	745
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	2,220	1,180	1,035
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	2,895	1,665	1,230
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	1,665	720	945
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	160	95	70
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	14,615	7,225	7,385
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	203,730	98,030	105,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	69,745	36,990	32,760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	133,985	61,040	72,945
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	113,750	51,395	62,355
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	107,885	48,595	59,295
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	5,865	2,800	3,065
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	20,230	9,645	10,590
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	3,275	1,715	1,555
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	920	295	625
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,670	810	860
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	1,390	770	620
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,370	590	775
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	115	70	50
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	11,500	5,395	6,100
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	315,875	151,545	164,325
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	199,705	101,660	98,045
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	183,900	93,170	90,725
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	15,810	8,490	7,320
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	116,170	49,885	66,280
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	63.2	67.1	59.7
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	58.2	61.5	55.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.9	8.4	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	315,875	151,550	164,325
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	110,805	47,870	62,935
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	205,065	103,680	101,390
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	105,310	57,240	48,075
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	99,755	46,440	53,315
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.9	43.3	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	199,705	101,660	98,045
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	5,325	2,715	2,610
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	194,380	98,950	95,430
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	175,190	86,855	88,340
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	19,190	12,095	7,095
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	199,705	101,660	98,045
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	5,325	2,710	2,610
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	194,385	98,945	95,435
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	18,510	10,920	7,590
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	28,620	8,720	19,900
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	11,945	9,365	2,580
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	16,830	3,910	12,920
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	26,315	8,870	17,440
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	5,650	2,640	3,010
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	49,760	22,110	27,645
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	24,075	22,715	1,360
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	2,150	1,755	395
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	10,525	7,940	2,580
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	199,710	101,660	98,045
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	5,325	2,715	2,615
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	194,380	98,950	95,430
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	950	590	360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	260	230	25
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	970	725	240
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	11,770	10,545	1,225
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	19,280	14,515	4,770
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	6,215	4,415	1,800
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	22,985	10,985	11,995
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	7,675	6,075	1,600
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	3,675	1,920	1,755
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	11,445	4,730	6,710
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	3,640	1,975	1,665
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	12,905	7,175	5,725
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	155	60	90
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	10,045	5,790	4,255
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	19,395	7,115	12,280
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	27,970	5,870	22,105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	4,225	2,180	2,045
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	14,980	6,450	8,535
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	8,320	3,595	4,720
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	7,515	3,995	3,520
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	183,895	93,170	90,730
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	11,245	5,605	5,635
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	895	660	235
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	19,315	14,030	5,290
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	152,445	72,875	79,565
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	152,440	72,875	79,565
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	132,495	59,935	72,560
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	5,725	3,340	2,380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	13,870	9,380	4,490
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	350	220	135
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	171,755	86,900	84,855
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	129,405	67,690	61,715
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	12,620	5,365	7,255
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	15,830	6,585	9,240
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	10,195	4,910	5,290
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	2,105	1,545	565
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,600	810	790
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	171,760	86,905	84,855
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	50,895	23,555	27,345
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	78,430	38,655	39,775
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	26,530	14,795	11,730
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	7,200	4,095	3,100
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	8,710	5,800	2,905
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	171,760	86,905	84,855
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	8,600	5,850	2,745
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	26,290	16,020	10,265
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	44,860	22,445	22,415
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	39,660	16,405	23,255
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	20,545	8,900	11,650
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	31,800	17,280	14,520
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	211,840	107,145	104,695
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	209,885	106,305	103,585
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	208,465	105,525	102,940
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	207,275	105,215	102,065
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	1,190	310	875
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	1,420	775	645
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	1,420	775	640
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	185	135	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	180	130	55
Amharic	55	20	35	10	0	10
Arabic	1,165	760	405	165	125	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	90	40	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	20	0	15
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	70	30	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	10	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	10	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	490	245	245
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	110	40	70
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	110	45	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	10	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	50	15	30
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	45	25	25
Serbian	160	110	55	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	10	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	55	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	25	10	15
Bengali	300	145	155	10	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	10	10	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	30	20	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	10	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	305	165	145
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	10	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	65	40	25
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	235	120	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	125	60	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	45	20	25
American Sign Language	245	80	170	40	0	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	435	255	185
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	435	250	185
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	120	75	45
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	295	170	125
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	20	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	15	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	15	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	10	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	10	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,950	840	1,110
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	605	210	400
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	1,315	625	695
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	25	10	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	211,840	107,140	104,695
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	203,615	103,535	100,075
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,440	565	870
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	2,330	815	1,520
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	4,265	2,160	2,100
Aboriginal	155	50	105	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	4,240	2,150	2,090
English and French	85	45	45	15	10	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	20	0	20
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	160	60	100
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	373,700	181,145	192,560
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	314,100	152,060	162,040
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	59,600	29,080	30,515
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	39,165	19,280	19,880
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	20,435	9,805	10,635
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	14,550	6,860	7,690
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	12,005	5,590	6,420
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	2,545	1,275	1,270
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	5,890	2,940	2,945
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	357,380	172,675	184,710
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	204,960	98,620	106,340
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	152,425	74,045	78,370
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	96,800	47,085	49,715
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	55,620	26,960	28,660
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	38,060	18,275	19,790
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	32,630	15,680	16,950
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	5,435	2,595	2,840
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	17,555	8,690	8,870