Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Quebec [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Quebec [Province]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Quebec [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	8,164,361	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	7,903,001	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	3,858,943	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	3,531,663	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	6.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	1,356,625.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	8,164,360	4,016,760	4,147,605
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	1,333,260	682,535	650,720
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	444,930	227,965	216,970
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	469,165	240,225	228,940
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	419,160	214,345	204,815
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	5,335,910	2,664,630	2,671,280
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	429,825	219,070	210,755
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	500,100	252,600	247,500
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	495,410	248,030	247,380
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	515,505	256,440	259,070
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	550,540	274,595	275,945
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	506,525	254,100	252,425
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	519,425	260,410	259,015
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	619,435	309,070	310,370
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	636,475	314,190	322,285
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	562,670	276,140	286,535
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	1,495,195	669,590	825,605
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	488,175	236,395	251,775
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	373,590	176,905	196,690
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	256,905	116,020	140,890
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	187,835	78,390	109,450
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	188,685	61,885	126,805
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	120,635	43,795	76,840
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	53,165	15,155	38,015
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	13,035	2,685	10,350
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	1,850	255	1,600
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	16.3	17.0	15.7
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	65.4	66.3	64.4
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	18.3	16.7	19.9
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.3	1.5	3.1
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	41.9	40.9	42.9
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	42.5	41.4	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	1,602,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	187,800	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	1,717,680	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	188,245	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	93,350	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	265,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	1,154,955	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	15,940	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	23,505	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	1,227,765	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	489,460	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	426,250	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	212,960	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	7,965,455	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	6,831,105	3,334,220	3,496,885
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	3,844,145	1,924,750	1,919,395
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	2,342,980	1,172,720	1,170,260
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	1,501,160	752,025	749,135
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	2,986,960	1,409,475	1,577,490
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	2,010,580	1,084,300	926,280
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	103,625	46,390	57,240
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	483,195	194,430	288,760
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	389,555	84,345	305,210
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	2,257,560	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	1,204,955	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	466,310	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	412,160	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	174,140	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	2,257,560	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	1,878,095	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	1,128,355	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	749,740	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	379,460	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	284,900	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	94,565	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	1,878,095	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	970,260	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	907,840	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	356,640	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	384,875	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	166,315	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	379,465	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	234,695	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	109,670	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	35,100	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	1,579,070	775,765	803,305
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	2,197,340	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	947,305	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	1,250,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	29,595	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	1,304,725	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	129,500	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	8,066,560	3,977,275	4,089,285
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	372,445	187,595	184,860
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	4,032,640	1,874,545	2,158,095
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	3,586,410	1,884,135	1,702,275
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	75,065	31,000	44,060
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	964,120	482,985	481,135
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	6,750,945	3,320,380	3,430,560
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	278,710	144,060	134,655
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	72,775	29,845	42,930
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	1,103,480	555,015	548,465
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	13.7	14.0	13.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	7,881,650	3,884,675	3,996,975
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	6,820,815	3,366,970	3,453,845
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	601,155	301,860	299,300
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	6,219,665	3,065,115	3,154,550
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	1,060,830	517,700	543,125
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	45,570	22,530	23,040
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	33,140	16,365	16,770
Blackfoot	5	10	0	5	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	31,430	15,575	15,855
Atikamekw	5	0	5	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	8,715	4,155	4,555
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	5	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	590	285	305
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	135	55	80
Plains Cree	10	0	5	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	35	15	15
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	5	5	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	15,790	7,920	7,875
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	485	225	260
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	485	220	260
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	1,215	565	645
Algonquin	5	0	0	1,185	555	630
Ojibway	230	105	120	20	10	15
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	15	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	15	10	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	11,970	5,955	6,015
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	11,895	5,925	5,970
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	25	45
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	375	165	210
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	365	160	210
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	65	30	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	1,015,260	495,175	520,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	197,535	104,185	93,355
Berber languages	220	130	90	20,845	11,125	9,720
Kabyle	105	60	50	12,470	6,625	5,840
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	8,375	4,500	3,875
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	1,125	545	580
Bilen	80	45	35	10	10	5
Oromo	1,005	490	515	15	10	5
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	1,075	515	560
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	30	20	10
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	175,215	92,310	82,900
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	745	340	405
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	169,890	89,590	80,300
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	150	80	70
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	15	10	5
Harari	930	435	490	0	5	5
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	3,885	2,040	1,845
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	25	10	15
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	385	185	205
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	110	60	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	355	200	155
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	36,305	17,030	19,275
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	8,855	4,105	4,750
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	27,425	12,920	14,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	21,635	7,800	13,835
Bikol	470	210	260	115	35	80
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	885	270	610
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	410	125	275
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	2,060	745	1,315
Malagasy	25	15	15	1,250	590	660
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	705	265	440
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	205	90	110
Pangasinan	450	185	270	95	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	15,545	5,480	10,065
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	50	10	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	320	140	180
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	56,990	25,220	31,770
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	2,220	1,055	1,170
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	53,785	23,675	30,110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	980	490	490
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	14,865	7,435	7,430
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	240	130	110
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	440	235	205
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	13,600	6,715	6,880
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	570	345	230
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	15	10	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	25	10	15
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	553,045	269,625	283,420
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	2,795	1,420	1,370
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	16,430	7,970	8,460
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	68,155	30,960	37,195
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	850	335	515
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	290	120	175
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	555	215	340
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	67,310	30,630	36,675
Belarusan	355	170	185	80	45	35
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	1,620	805	815
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	6,985	3,385	3,600
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	2,330	1,165	1,170
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	1,465	690	775
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	205	105	95
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	13,935	6,065	7,865
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	28,565	12,715	15,850
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	3,140	1,590	1,545
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	1,805	865	940
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	1,040	455	585
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	755	350	405
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	5,210	2,285	2,920
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	175	90	85
Celtic languages	460	210	250	155	95	60
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	20	15	10
Welsh	150	65	85	40	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	90	55	30
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	27,540	13,280	14,260
Afrikaans	985	475	510	125	60	65
Danish	1,570	710	855	395	190	200
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	2,825	1,395	1,430
Frisian	135	60	75	10	10	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	13,670	6,340	7,330
Icelandic	85	40	45	65	30	35
Norwegian	380	170	210	200	100	100
Swedish	1,140	485	660	555	255	300
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	540	240	300
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	8,985	4,560	4,420
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	175	100	75
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	38,635	19,435	19,205
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	76,040	39,205	36,835
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	45,845	23,875	21,970
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	10,995	5,620	5,380
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	6,070	2,980	3,090
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	3,030	1,635	1,390
Kashmiri	275	140	140	20	15	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	110	60	55
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	255	145	110
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	1,505	740	765
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	12,380	6,720	5,660
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	330	160	165
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	645	310	330
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	10,470	5,460	5,010
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	29,760	15,105	14,655
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	985	550	430
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	1,285	680	610
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	27,490	13,875	13,615
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	440	225	210
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	323,290	157,260	166,030
Catalan	165	90	75	320	170	150
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	104,600	51,705	52,895
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	36,770	17,735	19,035
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	35,840	17,170	18,665
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	145,635	70,405	75,235
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	125	75	50
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	2,525	775	1,750
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	170	80	85
Georgian	1,110	595	515	170	80	90
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	5,160	2,270	2,890
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	190	75	115
Mongolian	345	155	190	195	80	115
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	28,355	14,360	13,995
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	1,050	520	525
Bamanankan	60	30	30	1,200	655	545
Edo	1,020	410	610	75	45	30
Ewe	370	185	190	730	400	325
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	2,055	1,080	970
Ga	440	200	245	80	40	40
Ganda	515	245	270	35	15	20
Igbo	1,520	775	750	120	70	50
Lingala	375	175	200	2,465	1,185	1,285
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	3,345	1,600	1,745
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	2,500	1,115	1,380
Shona	680	325	355	85	45	40
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	3,010	1,460	1,545
Wolof	160	90	80	3,230	1,745	1,485
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	255	155	100
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	8,135	4,235	3,895
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	345	180	165
Dinka	45	25	15	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	335	170	165
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	1,330	700	630
American Sign Language	470	250	220	65	35	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	670	330	340
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	595	340	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	76,840	35,775	41,065
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	76,490	35,600	40,895
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	24,375	11,505	12,875
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	470	215	260
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	43,700	20,175	23,525
Min Dong	765	370	395	20	10	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	3,225	1,480	1,745
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	1,075	465	605
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	3,535	1,710	1,825
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	90	40	45
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	345	175	170
Burmese	1,005	450	555	80	30	50
Karenic languages	265	125	140	70	40	30
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	110	65	50
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	85	45	40
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	4,895	2,185	2,710
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	4,115	1,995	2,120
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	765	180	585
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	10	5	10
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	7,980	4,095	3,880
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	290	160	130
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	7,155	3,685	3,470
Uyghur	385	195	195	205	100	105
Uzbek	595	300	295	145	70	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	185	80	105
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	6,400	2,985	3,410
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	195	75	120
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	360	125	240
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	5,835	2,790	3,045
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	685	385	300
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	184,905	92,600	92,310
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	72,395	36,695	35,695
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	27,485	13,545	13,945
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	67,075	33,110	33,970
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	17,950	9,245	8,705
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	8,066,560	3,977,270	4,089,285
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	7,743,740	3,819,315	3,924,425
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	7,157,850	3,536,165	3,621,685
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	782,185	391,125	391,060
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	6,375,665	3,145,040	3,230,625
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	585,890	283,150	302,735
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	40,190	20,205	19,980
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	28,695	14,385	14,310
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	28,110	14,105	14,005
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	7,375	3,590	3,790
Moose Cree	0	5	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	590	295	290
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	60	30	30
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	15	5	10
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	5	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	14,590	7,355	7,235
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	220	115	110
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	220	110	105
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	370	170	200
Algonquin	0	0	0	360	165	195
Ojibway	35	20	15	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	11,375	5,770	5,615
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	11,350	5,750	5,600
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	70	35	35
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	70	35	30
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	35	10	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	545,695	262,940	282,755
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	91,660	46,550	45,110
Berber languages	65	30	30	7,495	3,895	3,605
Kabyle	35	15	15	5,105	2,660	2,450
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	2,390	1,235	1,150
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	535	240	295
Bilen	40	15	20	5	0	5
Oromo	545	250	290	5	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	520	230	290
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	5	5	5
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	83,520	42,365	41,160
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	340	150	185
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	81,105	41,150	39,955
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	95	50	45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	10	0	5
Harari	520	235	285	5	0	5
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	1,705	880	825
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	205	95	105
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	60	25	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	105	50	55
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	24,980	11,675	13,305
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	5,180	2,370	2,805
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	19,790	9,295	10,495
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	15	5	10
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	9,715	3,960	5,750
Bikol	85	35	45	15	5	10
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	230	100	125
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	130	55	75
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	740	305	435
Malagasy	10	5	5	360	185	170
Malay	1,455	705	750	175	85	95
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	60	30	30
Pangasinan	80	35	40	10	5	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	7,905	3,150	4,760
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	75	35	35
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	20,705	8,780	11,925
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	855	380	475
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	19,405	8,200	11,210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	440	200	240
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	11,400	5,595	5,805
Kannada	830	415	410	150	85	65
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	200	100	100
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	10,720	5,215	5,500
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	330	190	135
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	15	5	5
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	303,215	146,100	157,115
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	1,615	795	820
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	11,990	5,680	6,310
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	40,405	19,085	21,325
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	190	80	105
Latvian	600	245	355	75	40	40
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	115	40	70
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	40,220	19,000	21,220
Belarusan	125	60	65	25	15	15
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	965	475	495
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	5,125	2,495	2,630
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	1,015	475	545
Czech	1,415	685	730	460	220	240
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	130	65	65
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	5,970	2,695	3,270
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	20,680	9,775	10,900
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	2,010	1,020	990
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	960	470	490
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	245	120	130
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	225	95	135
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	2,365	1,060	1,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	40	15	25
Celtic languages	65	35	30	30	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	5	0
Welsh	20	5	10	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	15	15	5
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	9,890	4,980	4,905
Afrikaans	265	125	145	15	10	10
Danish	135	65	75	50	25	25
Dutch	655	300	350	375	170	205
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	2,550	1,190	1,365
Icelandic	20	5	15	30	15	20
Norwegian	45	15	20	20	5	10
Swedish	220	100	120	105	50	60
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	70	35	40
Yiddish	350	175	175	6,665	3,485	3,180
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	10	5	5
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	18,545	8,865	9,680
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	53,555	26,845	26,710
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	31,575	15,985	15,585
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	8,180	4,055	4,125
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	3,840	1,860	1,985
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	1,535	790	745
Kashmiri	50	25	25	5	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	30	15	15
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	80	40	40
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	1,355	655	700
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	15	10	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	8,840	4,690	4,155
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	135	65	75
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	365	185	180
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	7,180	3,620	3,565
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	21,745	10,740	11,010
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	510	280	235
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	925	460	465
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	20,310	10,005	10,305
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	235	120	120
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	167,190	79,835	87,355
Catalan	80	40	45	110	50	60
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	32,935	14,595	18,340
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	17,260	8,250	9,005
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	24,520	12,000	12,525
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	92,330	44,920	47,415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	35	20	15
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	1,050	425	620
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	70	35	35
Georgian	745	405	335	70	40	35
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	3,540	1,630	1,910
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	145	70	75
Mongolian	200	100	95	145	70	75
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	7,250	3,450	3,800
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	445	215	235
Bamanankan	15	10	10	265	135	125
Edo	295	115	175	10	5	5
Ewe	95	40	55	140	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	530	255	280
Ga	150	65	85	15	5	10
Ganda	155	70	85	5	5	5
Igbo	410	205	205	15	10	10
Lingala	95	40	55	625	270	355
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	1,110	510	600
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	530	225	305
Shona	235	115	125	20	10	10
Swahili	1,225	540	690	1,100	535	565
Wolof	80	45	35	1,035	555	480
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	55	25	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	1,350	635	710
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	135	70	65
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	130	65	65
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	1,770	1,000	775
American Sign Language	720	375	345	90	35	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	700	360	340
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	985	600	385
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	60,370	28,925	31,450
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	60,155	28,805	31,345
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	17,845	8,470	9,375
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	155	75	80
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	37,075	17,870	19,200
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	1,830	830	1,000
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	780	355	420
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	2,435	1,190	1,240
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	40	20	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	215	115	100
Burmese	575	260	310	35	15	20
Karenic languages	215	105	110	65	40	30
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	70	45	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	40	20	20
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	2,375	1,145	1,230
Lao	1,050	505	540	2,150	1,055	1,100
Thai	575	255	320	225	90	135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	5,120	2,540	2,575
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	100	50	55
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	4,715	2,340	2,370
Uyghur	225	120	105	140	75	70
Uzbek	315	165	145	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	65	30	35
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	2,025	895	1,130
Estonian	650	240	410	30	10	20
Finnish	510	220	290	50	20	30
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	1,945	860	1,085
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	150	90	60
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	322,820	157,960	164,860
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	86,715	43,820	42,890
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	54,400	26,255	28,140
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	139,385	66,610	72,775
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	42,320	21,270	21,045
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	8,066,555	3,977,275	4,089,285
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	6,825,240	3,356,340	3,468,900
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	513,410	263,670	249,735
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	320,370	158,340	162,030
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	317,790	154,450	163,340
Aboriginal	480	205	275	5,700	2,645	3,060
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	312,085	151,810	160,280
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	36,235	18,285	17,955
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	28,630	14,075	14,555
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	23,470	11,365	12,095
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	1,420	740	680
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	32,975	37,842	28,522
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	29,535	33,110	26,119
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	5,685,690	2,866,470	2,819,220
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	30,067	35,597	25,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	4,973,245	2,300,800	2,672,445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	7,307	5,851	8,246
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	4,627,795	2,408,420	2,219,370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	31,263	35,627	27,219
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	6,417,010	3,159,415	3,257,595
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	42,546	49,087	36,203
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	6,418,440	3,159,550	3,258,890
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	34,887	39,292	30,616
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	5,685,905	2,866,415	2,819,485
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	40,505	47,810	33,079
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	4,972,650	2,299,595	2,673,050
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	8,590	7,846	9,229
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	4,627,775	2,408,655	2,219,120
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	40,382	45,974	34,313
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	2,036,965	1,114,940	922,025
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	47,111	51,622	42,433
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	56,564	62,750	49,085
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	84.4	88.3	79.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	68.4	71.4	64.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	15.6	11.7	20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,140
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	216,685	99,555	117,125
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.7	96.9	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	789,595	351,935	437,660
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	1,188,135	476,630	711,500
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	976,210	428,390	547,830
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	852,735	414,105	438,625
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	747,995	378,215	369,780
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	540,265	292,110	248,150
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	375,935	214,805	161,130
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	286,025	164,240	121,790
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	189,350	113,715	75,635
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	122,750	80,090	42,660
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	348,620	246,360	102,255
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	236,515	164,145	72,370
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	112,105	82,215	29,885
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	6,634,295	3,260,150	3,374,140
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	215,120	99,375	115,750
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,395
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.8	97.0	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	822,725	359,045	463,675
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	1,246,480	505,165	741,315
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	1,192,885	541,080	651,810
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	1,096,510	553,200	543,315
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	793,150	425,040	368,115
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	498,475	283,130	215,345
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	309,415	180,470	128,945
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	167,895	108,500	59,395
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	291,635	205,155	86,485
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	95,010	64,670	30,335
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	55,980	39,080	16,905
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	140,645	101,405	39,240
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	2,006,505	851,730	1,154,775
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	4,627,790	2,408,420	2,219,375
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	69.8	73.9	65.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	606,300	311,780	294,520
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	367,030	162,150	204,885
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	681,920	305,995	375,920
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	586,140	269,950	316,195
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	565,425	277,135	288,285
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	476,665	247,105	229,560
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	359,180	203,580	155,600
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	266,650	156,255	110,395
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	224,040	129,890	94,150
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	494,440	344,585	149,855
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	139,830	90,295	49,540
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	93,860	64,160	29,700
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	260,745	190,125	70,620
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	59,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	52,207	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	31,574	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	28,469	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	2,356,430	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	78,645	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	67,665	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	77,306	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	63,404	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	1,174,695	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	40,042	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	33,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	2,356,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	95,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	78,426	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	47,170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	56,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	119,570	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	180,865	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	179,690	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	154,150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	185,000	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	184,435	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	179,855	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	170,445	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	313,600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	273,620	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	241,940	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	208,620	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	176,355	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	860,030	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	327,435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	204,105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	192,155	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	136,335	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	50,445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	57,335	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	120,860	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	190,300	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	202,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	187,365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	231,765	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	225,695	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	211,990	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	202,760	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	363,775	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	309,825	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	256,150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	208,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	166,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	545,440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	269,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	130,225	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	146,045	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	2,261,890	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	79,378	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	68,152	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	930,195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	70,075	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	60,224	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	911,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	105,246	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	88,844	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	364,085	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	52,708	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	47,805	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	2,262,045	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	96,863	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	79,060	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	929,645	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	86,304	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	70,167	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	912,560	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	122,835	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	99,279	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	363,610	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	61,753	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	53,052	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	1,433,210	711,180	722,030
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	29,195	31,526	27,210
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	26,706	28,214	25,434
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	1,430,625	708,225	722,405
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	37,684	39,840	35,571
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	31,513	32,729	30,321
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	7,965,455	3,941,475	4,023,970
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	4,577,885	2,216,770	2,361,115
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	747,785	368,385	379,395
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	898,605	408,705	489,900
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	997,185	481,975	515,210
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	996,230	490,275	505,960
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	938,080	467,425	470,655
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	3,387,565	1,724,710	1,662,855
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	881,640	444,865	436,775
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	806,685	409,470	397,220
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	700,450	357,000	343,455
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	557,160	286,195	270,960
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	441,630	227,185	214,445
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	7,921,505	3,919,560	4,001,945
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	1,564,410	800,455	763,960
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	532,410	272,790	259,625
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	5,021,875	2,498,900	2,522,980
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	1,335,220	620,210	715,010
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	1,160,190	542,405	617,785
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	222,955	114,410	108,540
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	75,270	38,595	36,670
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	688,130	334,825	353,305
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	249,110	93,170	155,930
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	14.6	13.8	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	14.3	14.3	14.2
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	14.1	14.1	14.1
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	13.7	13.4	14.0
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	18.7	15.0	21.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	731,340	358,085	373,260
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	129,325	66,400	62,925
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	44,375	22,705	21,675
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	514,540	261,485	253,060
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	87,475	30,205	57,270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	8.3	8.3	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	8.3	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	10.2	10.5	10.0
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	6.6	4.9	8.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	7,891,110	3,911,220	3,979,890
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	3,930,690	2,058,470	1,872,225
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	7,522,350	3,725,145	3,797,200
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	1,610,980	776,265	834,720
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	50,890	25,190	25,700
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	37,515	18,545	18,965
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	34,415	17,050	17,370
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	9,850	4,735	5,115
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	775	385	385
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	260	130	130
Plains Cree	50	30	20	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	35	25	10
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	15	0	10
Woods Cree	15	10	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	17,175	8,600	8,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	885	460	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	880	460	425
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	2,340	1,105	1,235
Algonquin	15	10	10	2,240	1,055	1,185
Ojibway	675	270	405	105	50	50
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	35	20	10
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	20	15	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	12,595	6,270	6,330
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	12,485	6,210	6,270
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	115	60	60
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	740	360	375
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	690	350	335
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	35
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	30	15	10
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	90	40	55
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	1,560,375	751,215	809,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	301,035	157,545	143,490
Berber languages	245	135	110	27,595	14,650	12,945
Kabyle	80	40	40	16,170	8,580	7,590
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	11,580	6,150	5,425
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	1,550	745	805
Bilen	85	50	35	35	20	10
Oromo	1,390	590	800	45	30	10
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	1,460	680	780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	10	10	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	286,625	149,970	136,660
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	1,145	540	600
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	267,965	140,280	127,685
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	195	95	95
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	10	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	18,035	9,490	8,540
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	40	10	25
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	420	195	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	180	85	95
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	810	430	380
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	46,050	21,955	24,095
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	11,840	5,620	6,220
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	34,580	16,520	18,060
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	40	25	15
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	31,230	11,820	19,410
Bikol	580	260	325	105	45	60
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	1,105	360	750
Fijian	50	20	30	15	0	10
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	540	195	350
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	2,500	890	1,610
Malagasy	90	45	45	1,980	940	1,040
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	1,210	525	690
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	195	95	100
Pangasinan	450	200	255	60	20	40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	26,705	9,785	16,915
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	55	10	45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	540	270	275
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	115,445	51,970	63,475
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	4,910	2,285	2,620
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	108,315	48,615	59,705
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	2,835	1,390	1,445
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	18,710	9,495	9,210
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	415	210	205
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	510	285	220
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	17,245	8,680	8,565
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	930	540	390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	15	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	35	15	25
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	912,945	435,785	477,155
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	3,375	1,730	1,645
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	20,290	9,790	10,500
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	88,425	41,725	46,700
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	1,080	500	585
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	335	150	185
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	755	350	410
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	87,520	41,315	46,205
Belarusan	945	495	450	365	150	215
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	1,975	990	985
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	7,345	3,595	3,750
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	3,580	1,760	1,820
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	2,070	975	1,095
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	285	140	145
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	17,760	8,090	9,665
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	46,665	22,265	24,400
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	4,050	1,980	2,070
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	2,385	1,140	1,245
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	1,520	705	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	970	490	480
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	9,015	3,885	5,135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	150	75	75
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	495	305	195
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	155	95	65
Welsh	235	115	125	85	45	40
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	265	175	95
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	63,370	31,835	31,530
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	415	260	150
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	835	410	420
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	5,060	2,665	2,395
Frisian	195	75	115	15	10	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	43,475	21,950	21,530
Icelandic	130	55	75	140	80	60
Norwegian	960	460	500	510	255	255
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	1,580	785	795
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	760	265	495
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	12,375	6,225	6,155
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	270	125	140
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	51,060	25,520	25,540
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	93,655	48,040	45,615
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	59,570	30,870	28,700
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	12,870	6,610	6,260
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	7,950	3,860	4,090
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	15,570	8,285	7,280
Kashmiri	475	240	235	45	35	15
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	150	70	75
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	475	240	230
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	1,445	725	720
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	55	35	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	17,860	9,690	8,165
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	500	240	255
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	1,335	625	710
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	16,545	8,655	7,890
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	35,420	17,830	17,585
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	1,255	665	590
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	1,825	1,005	825
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	32,965	16,560	16,405
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	845	425	420
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	627,545	293,620	333,920
Catalan	315	165	150	890	525	365
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	173,710	84,430	89,275
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	55,100	27,620	27,475
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	42,655	20,550	22,110
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	390,355	177,610	212,745
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	490	345	145
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	7,040	3,340	3,695
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	220	110	110
Georgian	1,465	740	725	215	105	110
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	6,260	2,825	3,430
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	270	135	130
Mongolian	445	190	255	265	135	130
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	52,840	26,665	26,175
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	1,800	945	855
Bamanankan	200	110	90	2,385	1,240	1,145
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	190	95	95
Ewe	520	270	250	1,410	865	545
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	3,400	1,785	1,620
Ga	1,005	490	515	315	155	160
Ganda	865	410	455	90	40	55
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	275	190	90
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	9,630	4,430	5,200
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	4,490	2,210	2,285
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	3,535	1,640	1,895
Shona	1,175	515	655	150	75	80
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	8,015	4,080	3,935
Wolof	415	185	230	6,555	3,545	3,015
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	885	485	395
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	17,720	9,125	8,595
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	695	345	350
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	695	345	350
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	7,775	3,095	4,675
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	675	245	435
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	4,405	1,590	2,815
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	2,960	1,350	1,605
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	90,460	42,695	47,770
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	90,060	42,480	47,580
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	31,885	14,900	16,980
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	545	240	310
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	59,240	27,560	31,685
Min Dong	710	285	425	15	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	4,215	1,860	2,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	1,230	535	690
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	4,800	2,380	2,425
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	90	40	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	430	235	195
Burmese	1,325	600	720	140	75	60
Karenic languages	245	115	135	105	55	45
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	65	50	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	140	65	80
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	7,280	3,400	3,880
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	5,785	2,850	2,935
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	2,255	875	1,375
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	15	10	10
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	12,475	6,265	6,210
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	510	275	235
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	11,415	5,755	5,665
Uyghur	490	225	265	230	110	120
Uzbek	815	440	375	230	105	125
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	235	115	120
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	7,870	3,710	4,160
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	150	55	95
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	500	195	305
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	7,215	3,450	3,765
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	2,140	1,170	970
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	1,521,230	779,620	741,610
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	379,910	188,245	191,665
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	1,091,310	530,325	560,980
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	238,655	117,080	121,575
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	127,340	63,150	64,190
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	187,860	89,210	98,650
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	322,280	155,785	166,495
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	140,170	67,835	72,335
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	182,115	87,945	94,165
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	215,170	105,105	110,065
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	86,065	45,765	40,295
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	1,091,305	530,325	560,980
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	112,930	54,600	58,330
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	174,020	87,165	86,855
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	215,350	98,880	116,475
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	515,770	256,095	259,675
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	73,230	33,590	39,640
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	1,091,305	530,330	560,980
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	247,505	113,190	134,315
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	7,345	3,515	3,830
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	25,580	11,645	13,935
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	11,120	5,500	5,615
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	2,490	1,085	1,410
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	80,965	35,375	45,585
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	4,665	2,040	2,625
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	15,820	7,090	8,730
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	13,265	5,945	7,325
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	4,075	1,840	2,240
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	25,955	12,800	13,155
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	56,235	26,370	29,870
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	311,090	154,910	156,185
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	3,785	1,890	1,895
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	2,140	1,085	1,050
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	81,225	43,490	37,735
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	9,750	4,365	5,390
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	18,420	9,135	9,285
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	3,325	1,620	1,700
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	820	485	330
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	51,025	25,370	25,655
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	1,990	1,035	955
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	10,735	4,675	6,060
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	18,985	9,185	9,800
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	28,695	13,695	15,005
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	11,355	4,975	6,375
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	1,790	830	960
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	8,670	3,800	4,870
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	12,905	6,645	6,260
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	45,500	22,630	22,870
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	241,410	125,250	116,165
Algeria	1,240	650	595	59,465	31,180	28,280
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	19,490	10,290	9,200
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	995	495	495
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	785	355	430
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	60,700	31,435	29,270
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	1,340	740	600
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	580	270	310
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	865	475	385
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	97,200	50,005	47,190
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	289,825	136,175	153,655
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	7,280	3,640	3,640
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	7,940	3,990	3,950
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	49,555	19,905	29,655
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	4,730	2,290	2,435
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	17,865	9,195	8,670
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	17,760	8,880	8,885
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	3,735	1,960	1,775
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	1,725	395	1,330
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	4,230	1,995	2,230
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	39,135	20,800	18,340
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	10,010	5,260	4,750
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	24,410	9,040	15,370
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	10,715	5,335	5,380
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	17,775	8,800	8,980
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	2,735	1,100	1,635
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	25,440	11,765	13,675
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	44,795	21,840	22,950
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	1,480	805	670
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	215,170	105,105	110,065
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	47,710	22,625	25,085
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	3,010	1,495	1,520
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	7,540	3,465	4,075
Cuba	1,200	535	660	2,565	1,260	1,315
Haiti	865	415	450	16,880	7,690	9,190
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	190	140	55
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	4,210	1,955	2,255
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	3,990	2,265	1,720
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	1,955	935	1,020
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	7,365	3,425	3,935
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	39,320	20,085	19,235
France	1,400	675	725	20,030	10,855	9,175
Germany	915	490	420	580	250	330
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	135	105	35
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	3,750	1,695	2,055
Romania	1,490	590	900	2,945	1,260	1,685
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	1,970	865	1,105
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	2,460	1,110	1,350
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	860	565	290
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	6,590	3,385	3,205
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	74,200	37,110	37,090
Algeria	205	95	115	16,380	8,060	8,320
Cameroon	805	355	450	7,550	3,705	3,845
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	3,370	1,655	1,715
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	5,070	2,505	2,565
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	4,360	2,260	2,095
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	50	30	20
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	125	65	60
Morocco	365	145	220	13,475	6,675	6,805
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	540	280	260
Somalia	1,155	555	600	95	40	50
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	175	115	60
Tunisia	125	90	40	5,855	3,025	2,825
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	17,155	8,690	8,470
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	53,595	25,070	28,525
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	1,555	715	840
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	860	455	405
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	10,705	4,805	5,895
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	120	35	80
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	2,960	1,555	1,405
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	7,505	3,545	3,960
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	985	465	515
Israel	1,665	880	785	645	390	255
Japan	965	265	700	330	30	295
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	825	370	455
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	3,955	2,100	1,860
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	360	165	195
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	1,815	920	895
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	5,635	2,345	3,290
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	435	210	225
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	860	380	480
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	7,455	3,740	3,715
Taiwan	760	300	460	170	60	105
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	585	300	285
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	300	160	145
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	1,505	560	945
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	4,025	1,765	2,265
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	345	215	135
Australia	1,005	615	390	190	120	70
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	155	95	65
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	1,204,895	590,175	614,720
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	792,085	399,535	392,550
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	867,685	420,465	447,220
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	469,015	243,915	225,100
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	224,720	137,975	86,745
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	244,300	105,945	138,360
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	241,225	96,130	145,095
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	146,295	75,100	71,195
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	11,150	5,320	5,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	182,885	91,890	90,995
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	175,960	88,635	87,325
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	92,655	45,510	47,145
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	69,365	36,260	33,100
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	13,940	6,865	7,075
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	2,760	1,330	1,430
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	4,170	1,930	2,245
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	7,782,560	3,849,550	3,933,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	77,490	38,580	38,915
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	7,887,960	3,902,860	3,985,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	118,780	58,535	60,245
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	115,480	56,930	58,550
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	87,700	42,730	44,965
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	17,585	9,225	8,360
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	10,200	4,980	5,220
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	3,300	1,605	1,700
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	2,220	1,115	1,105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	995	455	540
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	20	10	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	240,650	113,905	126,740
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	235,365	111,205	124,165
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	193,625	90,650	102,975
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	37,080	18,320	18,760
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	4,660	2,230	2,425
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	5,280	2,700	2,575
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	4,040	2,105	1,940
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	990	475	515
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	225	110	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	7,606,025	3,769,000	3,837,030
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	1,032,365	505,180	527,185
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	90,335	46,750	43,585
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	99,505	44,370	55,135
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	319,230	154,110	165,120
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	34,910	14,275	20,635
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	133,920	64,655	69,260
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	213,740	113,420	100,320
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	62,820	29,960	32,865
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	32,405	16,200	16,210
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	8,055	3,865	4,190
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	4,570	1,755	2,820
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	9,840	4,670	5,175
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	23,045	11,160	11,885
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,830
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	7,965,455	3,941,435	4,024,010
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	359,430	172,440	186,985
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	289,610	137,550	152,065
Inuit	1,360	645	710	17,175	8,300	8,880
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	61,260	30,915	30,345
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	4,850,145	2,390,545	2,459,605
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	34,785	16,440	18,345
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	45,050	21,470	23,580
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	4,647,840	2,288,280	2,359,555
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	750	370	380
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	570	280	295
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	365	155	215
Ontarian	645	370	275	1,345	660	685
Québécois	1,570	780	785	184,005	93,895	90,110
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	205	110	100
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	3,037,890	1,511,060	1,526,825
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	745,715	360,135	385,575
Channel Islander	445	235	210	1,440	725	720
Cornish	205	105	95	70	35	40
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	228,520	111,855	116,670
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	446,215	211,545	234,665
Manx	815	475	345	200	105	95
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	215,030	103,395	111,635
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	10,765	5,075	5,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	32,525	15,440	17,080
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	1,878,795	941,770	937,025
Alsatian	355	140	215	1,050	520	525
Breton	60	35	20	11,140	5,410	5,725
Corsican	60	30	30	1,270	690	580
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	1,870,545	937,665	932,875
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	244,380	119,115	125,260
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	12,710	6,285	6,430
Bavarian	155	65	85	40	30	20
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	51,340	25,295	26,050
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	26,000	12,805	13,190
Flemish	910	430	475	1,345	660	685
Frisian	400	230	165	15	20	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	142,225	68,250	73,975
Luxembourger	305	145	155	910	445	460
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	24,500	12,615	11,885
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	125	80	50
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	25,460	12,490	12,975
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	5,700	2,815	2,885
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	3,130	1,430	1,700
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	955	480	470
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	7,820	3,835	3,985
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	6,840	3,275	3,565
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	2,500	1,265	1,230
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	249,940	121,660	128,285
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	9,570	4,675	4,895
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	2,530	1,235	1,295
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	6,295	2,965	3,330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	2,150	1,100	1,050
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	890	460	435
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	28,280	13,970	14,310
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	1,740	835	905
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	6,630	3,320	3,305
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	7,620	3,710	3,900
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	79,040	38,705	40,335
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	53,060	25,935	27,125
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	55,230	26,405	28,830
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	4,770	2,375	2,395
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	42,550	20,575	21,975
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	2,900	1,505	1,400
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	549,750	273,670	276,080
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	3,760	1,950	1,805
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	2,970	1,485	1,490
Catalan	160	105	60	735	395	340
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	6,745	3,375	3,370
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	480	240	245
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	71,330	36,235	35,090
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	326,700	162,650	164,045
Kosovar	485	255	225	505	295	210
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	775	400	370
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	1,220	615	610
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	450	250	200
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	69,805	34,825	34,980
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	5,950	2,915	3,040
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	1,435	710	725
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	2,510	1,225	1,280
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	85,360	41,745	43,615
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	3,270	1,595	1,670
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	300	155	145
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	38,670	19,875	18,800
Basque	815	400	415	3,620	1,930	1,690
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	25,235	12,955	12,280
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	475	270	205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	360	180	185
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	9,215	4,690	4,530
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	201,625	93,935	107,690
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	380	170	205
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	430	205	225
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	5,570	2,585	2,985
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	115	50	65
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	405	150	255
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	9,830	4,800	5,035
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	11,560	5,320	6,235
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	1,965	790	1,175
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	1,010	475	535
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	143,165	66,245	76,925
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	14,100	6,785	7,315
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	360	200	160
Martinican	160	50	105	1,775	820	950
Montserratan	440	210	230	240	140	105
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	530	270	255
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	860	450	405
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	6,585	2,925	3,660
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	4,020	1,695	2,325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	5,635	2,610	3,025
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	4,195	1,995	2,205
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	167,275	81,215	86,065
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	6,100	2,885	3,210
Arawak	710	315	395	180	60	120
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	4,950	2,490	2,460
Belizean	355	170	185	80	40	40
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	1,730	815	915
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	8,345	4,075	4,275
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	14,060	7,055	7,005
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	33,965	15,915	18,050
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	1,180	570	610
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	2,720	1,255	1,470
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	10,175	5,380	4,795
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	3,670	1,810	1,860
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	1,155	570	585
Honduran	1,750	810	940	4,335	2,135	2,200
Maya	1,135	555	575	1,670	935	735
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	26,930	13,185	13,745
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	2,805	1,360	1,445
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	1,460	755	710
Paraguayan	305	140	160	365	155	205
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	19,735	9,240	10,495
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	19,200	9,535	9,665
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	1,755	815	940
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	7,475	3,430	4,045
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	5,845	2,965	2,880
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	382,665	196,910	185,755
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	86,695	44,720	41,975
Akan	700	395	305	630	325	310
Angolan	1,030	490	535	875	425	450
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	120	90	35
Beninese	370	190	180	4,125	2,220	1,915
Burkinabe	100	45	55	2,465	1,325	1,145
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	17,095	8,635	8,465
Chadian	185	95	90	1,045	525	520
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	20,210	9,960	10,250
Edo	935	490	445	110	60	45
Ewe	160	90	70	460	265	200
Gabonese	45	10	35	1,165	545	620
Gambian	545	255	295	150	95	55
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	3,235	1,660	1,575
Guinean	680	335	340	5,255	2,765	2,485
Ibo	1,495	775	720	185	95	95
Ivorian	615	285	330	8,545	4,350	4,200
Liberian	335	140	200	150	60	90
Malian	260	140	125	3,535	1,755	1,775
Malinké	220	105	120	635	340	295
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	2,820	1,510	1,310
Peulh	60	40	20	2,110	1,080	1,030
Senegalese	535	280	255	8,250	4,420	3,835
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	110	55	55
Togolese	315	205	105	4,080	2,210	1,870
Wolof	45	25	25	660	390	270
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	460	225	235
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	6,955	3,690	3,275
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	225,125	117,725	107,410
Algerian	1,700	835	870	60,375	31,185	29,190
Berber	680	365	315	33,825	17,840	15,985
Coptic	1,815	935	885	685	385	305
Dinka	35	25	10	15	10	10
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	29,400	15,295	14,100
Libyan	1,275	685	600	1,075	590	485
Maure	235	130	105	530	290	240
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	85,940	44,520	41,420
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	370	220	150
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	21,475	11,775	9,695
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	3,340	1,845	1,490
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	28,925	14,225	14,705
Afrikaner	340	175	170	115	75	40
Amhara	500	240	260	65	30	35
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	1,905	1,040	870
Burundian	710	385	325	6,015	2,945	3,070
Djiboutian	205	95	115	450	205	245
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	580	290	290
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	1,575	785	785
Harari	460	250	210	20	10	10
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	530	270	260
Malagasy	180	75	100	3,735	1,815	1,920
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	3,695	1,735	1,960
Oromo	830	370	460	20	15	10
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	5,130	2,445	2,685
Seychellois	165	65	95	775	345	425
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	1,785	865	915
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	900	490	420
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	325	190	140
Tigrian	410	210	200	95	35	55
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	290	135	160
Zambian	385	195	190	45	20	25
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	300	150	145
Zulu	205	100	110	70	35	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	1,790	915	875
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	46,805	22,845	23,965
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	3,800	1,845	1,950
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	43,785	21,415	22,370
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	563,150	275,170	287,980
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	240,795	123,985	116,810
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	10,945	5,550	5,395
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	44,875	23,680	21,195
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	27,380	13,515	13,865
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	370	205	165
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	555	295	255
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	635	295	345
Hazara	515	280	235	385	190	200
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	25,530	12,845	12,685
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	5,520	2,780	2,740
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	6,060	3,235	2,830
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	1,610	840	770
Kazakh	975	445	530	620	295	325
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	2,135	1,180	960
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	95	50	50
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	260	140	120
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	78,140	40,695	37,450
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	6,865	3,520	3,345
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	515	280	235
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	645	390	255
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	27,465	13,845	13,620
Tajik	1,425	670	755	390	180	210
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	910	430	485
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	15,060	7,520	7,545
Turkmen	405	205	200	65	45	25
Uighur	545	255	290	375	185	190
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	465	210	255
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	805	450	355
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	2,465	1,385	1,075
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	95,670	48,925	46,745
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	7,075	3,625	3,450
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	4,125	2,035	2,090
Bhutanese	150	80	65	420	205	215
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	51,650	26,505	25,140
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	210	105	110
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	420	205	215
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	260	155	105
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	930	460	470
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	13,535	7,000	6,535
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	2,970	1,675	1,295
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	310	135	175
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	14,750	7,300	7,450
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	3,100	1,610	1,495
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	2,135	1,190	945
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	229,985	103,805	126,180
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	530	270	255
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	15,345	7,360	7,985
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	121,445	54,595	66,850
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	37,910	15,590	22,320
Hmong	55	25	30	35	10	20
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	1,320	570	755
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	6,495	2,615	3,875
Karen	265	115	145	95	55	40
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	8,740	4,155	4,580
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	7,625	3,860	3,770
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	645	300	340
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	960	470	485
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	105	65	40
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	2,205	940	1,265
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	2,695	1,065	1,635
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	80	45	30
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	43,080	20,790	22,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	275	125	155
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	1,765	905	865
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	1,770	905	860
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	3,250	1,730	1,515
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	2,055	1,125	935
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	490	245	245
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	785	410	380
Fijian	1,185	495	690	70	25	40
Hawaiian	225	115	115	60	40	20
Maori	200	105	90	90	55	35
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	290	145	145
Samoan	90	45	50	15	15	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	295	155	145
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	2,163,735	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	1,362,010	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	5,915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	413,325	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	3,118,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	23,725	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	573,370	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	1,100,310	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	1,157,300	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	676,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	1,258,215	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	620,935	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	432,090	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	403,255	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	817,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	3,492,135	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	39,530	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	3,398,910	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	132,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	894,495	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	1,116,760	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	503,495	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	369,020	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	196,830	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	241,545	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	209,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	3,304,625	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	227,040	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	2,221,970	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	1,264,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	45,500	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	119,495	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	498,070	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	603,840	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	682,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	731,390	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	541,630	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	270,280	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	84,680	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	3,496,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	2,763,105	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	733,355	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	647,975	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	2,141,690	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	983	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	250,302	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	290,484	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	1,358,265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	9.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	33.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	775	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	1,323,070	674,955	648,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	1,426,980	674,820	752,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	1,120,730	681,515	439,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	806,585	435,090	371,495
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	314,145	246,425	67,720
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	1,165,515	506,775	658,740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	236,255	93,680	142,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	1,361,730	628,290	733,440
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	872,060	384,275	487,790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	118,955	54,255	64,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	39,045	19,865	19,185
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	281,215	139,280	141,935
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	50,455	30,615	19,840
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	580,635	323,880	256,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	808,955	396,620	412,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	2,982,345	1,447,305	1,535,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	866,595	513,575	353,015
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	631,795	330,140	301,655
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	234,800	183,440	51,360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	832,430	367,185	465,245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	167,025	67,530	99,495
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	1,116,300	499,010	617,290
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	712,935	308,760	404,175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	94,240	40,085	54,160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	30,775	13,505	17,270
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	238,300	113,895	124,410
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	40,050	22,780	17,270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,270
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	273,320	62,470	210,845
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	273,320	62,470	210,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	156,720	71,485	85,240
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	25,380	18,280	7,100
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	131,340	53,200	78,140
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	215,735	86,065	129,675
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	32,180	7,165	25,020
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	12,900	4,060	8,835
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	103,120	42,685	60,435
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	880	395	485
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	10,400	6,650	3,755
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	10,125	6,200	3,930
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	17,055	9,990	7,065
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	29,070	8,920	20,155
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	380,995	125,025	255,975
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	4,315	1,165	3,150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	48,530	16,690	31,845
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	77,470	6,070	71,400
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	67,185	25,785	41,395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	9,905	2,035	7,870
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	57,335	14,030	43,305
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	116,255	59,245	57,015
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	879,190	321,450	557,740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	815	300	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	47,715	10,490	37,225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	830,660	310,665	519,990
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	140,990	76,780	64,215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	49,705	20,900	28,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	23,210	13,865	9,350
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	21,890	10,810	11,080
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	39,060	27,545	11,515
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	7,120	3,660	3,465
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	152,105	104,850	47,255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	125,480	92,730	32,750
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	11,110	2,145	8,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	13,415	8,365	5,045
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	2,100	1,605	495
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	828,400	758,350	70,055
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	29,015	17,055	11,960
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	150,450	124,585	25,865
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	150,640	135,445	15,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	60	20	40
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	185,385	179,995	5,390
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	184,280	178,510	5,770
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	128,580	122,750	5,830
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	85,485	56,900	28,585
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	51,770	30,870	20,900
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	33,715	26,025	7,690
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	480,230	95,450	384,780
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	27,955	14,675	13,280
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	441,105	74,630	366,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	11,160	6,140	5,020
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	290,005	151,070	138,935
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	164,595	43,720	120,875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	290	270	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	1,345	1,245	100
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	54,625	42,415	12,210
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	69,160	63,425	5,740
Other	335	95	235	1,055	375	680
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	1,055	375	675
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	4,371,935	2,167,805	2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	1,389,585	720,500	669,085
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	180,615	37,990	142,625
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	180,615	37,990	142,625
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	122,045	55,575	66,475
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	19,510	13,740	5,770
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	102,535	41,830	60,705
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	138,330	54,580	83,750
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	25,220	5,455	19,765
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	9,585	2,990	6,595
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	57,730	25,305	32,430
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	600	255	350
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	6,980	4,415	2,570
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	5,415	3,380	2,035
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	12,235	7,140	5,095
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	20,555	5,640	14,915
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	301,550	95,120	206,430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	3,550	925	2,620
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	40,275	13,900	26,370
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	63,120	4,295	58,825
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	53,620	18,830	34,790
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	6,840	1,420	5,420
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	44,540	10,255	34,285
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	89,610	45,495	44,110
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	706,400	248,920	457,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	615	215	400
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	38,320	7,835	30,485
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	667,470	240,870	426,600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	92,480	49,390	43,090
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	40,895	16,635	24,260
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	12,450	7,435	5,015
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	4,175	2,385	1,785
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	29,705	20,255	9,445
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	5,255	2,675	2,580
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	132,750	91,865	40,885
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	112,715	83,240	29,470
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	8,720	1,665	7,055
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	9,725	5,815	3,915
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	1,585	1,150	440
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	639,185	577,845	61,335
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	24,260	13,870	10,385
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	126,835	103,165	23,665
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	116,595	103,710	12,885
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	50	15	30
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	134,865	130,350	4,510
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	139,935	135,155	4,780
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	96,655	91,580	5,075
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	69,865	45,215	24,655
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	41,755	23,965	17,795
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	28,110	21,250	6,860
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	368,600	72,245	296,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	22,660	11,635	11,030
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	337,320	56,510	280,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	8,620	4,110	4,510
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	229,640	118,260	111,375
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	129,245	32,830	96,410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	225	200	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	875	795	80
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	42,550	32,575	9,975
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	56,750	51,860	4,890
Other	285	80	205	890	300	595
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	890	300	595
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	3,884,235	1,910,265	1,973,970
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	3,367,195	1,642,930	1,724,270
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	142,415	73,800	68,610
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	374,620	193,530	181,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	28,320	16,915	11,410
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	12,515	3,600	8,920
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	6,805	3,660	3,150
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	11,250	6,535	4,715
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	17,155	7,755	9,395
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	69,665	39,885	29,780
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	228,905	115,185	113,725
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	1,389,590	720,505	669,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	2,982,350	1,447,305	1,535,045
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	2,676,230	1,293,455	1,382,780
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	2,567,605	1,238,320	1,329,280
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	108,630	55,125	53,500
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	306,115	153,850	152,265
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	19,655	11,145	8,505
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	10,545	2,935	7,610
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	4,865	2,465	2,400
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	7,390	4,245	3,145
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	15,420	6,865	8,550
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	57,315	32,115	25,205
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	190,930	94,085	96,850
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	306,170	177,630	128,540
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	2,378,780	1,045,300	1,333,480
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	64.1	67.9	60.5
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	59.5	62.5	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.2	8.0	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,585
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	2,084,020	1,145,805	938,215
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	2,321,945	1,146,575	1,175,375
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.5	42.7	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	101,485	51,640	49,850
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	4,154,015	2,163,095	1,990,915
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	3,664,920	1,863,740	1,801,185
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	489,090	299,355	189,730
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	101,490	51,640	49,850
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	418,450	263,585	154,875
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	677,390	210,525	466,865
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	286,270	222,375	63,895
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	295,765	57,160	238,610
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	502,945	147,145	355,795
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	135,730	64,370	71,365
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	988,610	449,820	538,790
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	574,675	544,100	30,570
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	67,290	55,610	11,685
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	206,875	148,405	58,475
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	4,255,495	2,214,735	2,040,765
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	101,490	51,635	49,850
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	84,060	60,460	23,595
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	20,920	18,175	2,745
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	28,410	20,650	7,755
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	254,055	223,770	30,285
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	458,315	332,080	126,240
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	157,365	104,885	52,475
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	508,170	239,625	268,545
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	187,550	142,550	45,000
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	100,775	59,705	41,070
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	165,140	66,175	98,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	61,380	36,505	24,875
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	288,715	161,030	127,685
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	3,305	1,270	2,035
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	176,185	108,280	67,905
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	306,575	96,170	210,405
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	532,680	99,380	433,295
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	84,130	44,235	39,895
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	278,500	123,235	155,265
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	193,700	89,455	104,245
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	264,085	135,455	128,630
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	266,285	134,325	131,960
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	10,600	7,580	3,020
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	351,595	265,405	86,185
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	3,320,850	1,629,795	1,691,050
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	3,320,845	1,629,795	1,691,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	1,732,155	810,895	921,260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	485,450	234,700	250,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	1,037,125	549,095	488,030
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	66,125	35,110	31,015
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	3,672,445	1,895,200	1,777,240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	2,739,405	1,475,775	1,263,625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	133,760	51,045	82,715
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	503,285	217,465	285,820
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	205,350	93,595	111,760
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	54,625	36,470	18,155
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	36,010	20,845	15,170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	3,672,440	1,895,200	1,777,240
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	1,035,455	493,225	542,235
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	1,200,455	617,010	583,445
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	777,955	425,640	352,310
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	343,540	184,440	159,100
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	315,035	174,875	140,160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	3,672,440	1,895,205	1,777,240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	256,150	192,835	63,315
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	675,585	420,120	255,465
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	1,133,510	527,925	605,580
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	714,935	296,300	418,630
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	349,845	148,715	201,125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	542,425	309,295	233,125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	4,187,865	2,169,480	2,018,385
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	4,153,710	2,152,290	2,001,420
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	541,720	294,935	246,780
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,640
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	34,160	17,190	16,970
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	12,670	6,180	6,490
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	8,350	4,095	4,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	8,285	4,060	4,220
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,100	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	1,800	840	960
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	210	105	100
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	35	20	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,145	2,515	2,630
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	30
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	4,305	2,080	2,220
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	4,290	2,075	2,215
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	21,490	11,005	10,480
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	1,895	1,125	775
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	1,860	1,110	745
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	1,715	1,045	665
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	10	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	140	70	70
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	1,725	850	870
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	315	140	175
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	1,410	710	695
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	135	65	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	115	50	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	275	90	190
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	265	90	175
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	150	75	75
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	145	75	70
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	10,165	5,255	4,910
Albanian	210	125	85	30	20	10
Armenian	140	65	70	275	130	145
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	1,130	500	635
Baltic languages	55	20	30	15	0	10
Latvian	10	10	10	15	10	10
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	10	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	1,115	495	625
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	55	20	30
Croatian	95	55	35	10	0	10
Czech	15	10	10	10	0	10
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	170	65	105
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	735	340	395
Serbian	160	110	55	10	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	10	10	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	110	35	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	1,285	575	715
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	15	10	0
Dutch	60	40	25	25	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	370	170	195
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	860	375	485
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	525	260	270
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	1,385	780	600
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	680	390	295
Bengali	300	145	155	110	70	35
Gujarati	615	210	405	20	0	10
Hindi	740	355	385	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	20	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	415	225	190
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	85	50	35
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	700	395	305
Kurdish	85	75	10	15	0	15
Pashto	10	10	10	10	0	15
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	675	385	285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	5,525	2,990	2,540
Catalan	10	0	0	15	0	15
Italian	775	415	355	590	315	275
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	635	365	270
Romanian	245	105	140	320	140	175
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	3,975	2,165	1,810
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	235	80	150
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Georgian	10	10	10	10	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	300	150	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	45	25	20
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	25	20	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	205	60	140
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	125	20	110
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	70	45	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	6,070	3,125	2,945
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	6,075	3,130	2,950
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	2,655	1,325	1,330
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	3,100	1,630	1,465
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	70	40	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	235	130	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	110	40	75
Lao	10	0	10	55	25	30
Thai	65	30	30	55	10	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	110	60	50
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	110	55	55
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	40	10	40
Estonian	50	15	35	10	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	35	0	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	341,900	182,635	159,265
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	315,620	169,365	146,255
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	6,545	3,655	2,890
French and non-official language	85	45	40	7,525	3,460	4,065
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	12,205	6,160	6,055
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	4,529,770	2,352,110	2,177,655
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	3,107,035	1,588,345	1,518,690
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,031,380	555,940	475,440
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	317,490	169,785	147,705
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	49,850	25,900	23,950
Aboriginal	155	50	105	4,985	2,285	2,705
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	44,865	23,620	21,245
English and French	85	45	45	2,185	1,040	1,140
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	14,910	7,255	7,655
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	6,855	3,795	3,055
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	65	50	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	7,880,315	3,897,740	3,982,575
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	6,965,520	3,447,320	3,518,195
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	914,800	450,420	464,380
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	547,410	269,850	277,560
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	367,385	180,565	186,820
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	305,465	149,335	156,135
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	284,280	137,945	146,330
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	21,190	11,385	9,805
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	61,920	31,235	30,685
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	7,520,960	3,714,155	3,806,805
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	2,695,090	1,325,345	1,369,740
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	1,507,665	741,220	766,440
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	1,187,425	584,125	603,295
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	949,170	464,830	484,340
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	893,800	436,525	457,270
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	55,370	28,300	27,070
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	238,250	119,295	118,960