Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	523,894	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	496,383 r	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.5	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	210,896	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	200,495	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	480.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,091.16	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	523,890	258,575	265,320	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	92,390	47,215	45,180	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	29,445	15,060	14,385	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	31,695	16,250	15,440	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	31,250	15,895	15,350	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	355,650	177,120	178,525	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	32,675	16,740	15,930	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	38,980	20,320	18,660	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	36,935	18,645	18,285	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	36,050	17,875	18,170	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	34,440	16,960	17,480	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	35,085	17,210	17,875	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	36,655	18,045	18,610	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	39,435	19,460	19,985	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	35,635	17,555	18,080	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	29,760	14,310	15,445	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	75,860	34,245	41,615	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	24,950	11,925	13,020	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	17,865	8,325	9,540	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	13,190	6,120	7,065	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	9,725	4,195	5,535	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	10,130	3,675	6,450	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	6,430	2,425	4,005	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	3,005	1,105	1,905	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	605	140	470	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	85	10	75	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.3	17.0	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.5	67.3	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	14.5	13.2	15.7	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	39.2	38.3	40.1	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	38.6	37.5	39.7	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	110,670	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	21,970	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	67,655	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	12,585	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	22,595	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,930	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	26,240	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	300	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	200	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	49,295	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	66,685	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	33,235	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	32,605	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	18,685	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	516,085	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	431,505	211,365	220,140	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	251,105	125,415	125,690	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	213,080	106,435	106,640	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	38,020	18,975	19,045	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	180,400	85,945	94,450	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	121,585	66,460	55,125	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	13,065	5,555	7,510	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	24,180	9,375	14,805	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	21,570	4,560	17,010	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	146,925	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	69,480	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	32,505	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	31,515	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	13,425	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	146,925	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	123,105	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	104,105	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	19,000	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	23,820	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	18,995	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	4,825	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	123,105	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	55,490	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	67,615	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	25,335	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	29,520	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	12,755	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	23,820	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	13,990	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	7,170	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	2,660	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	81,440	40,680	40,765	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	200,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	138,085	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	51,930	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	86,160	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	4,335	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	58,070	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	49,290	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	8,780	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	518,165	256,330	261,830	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	474,825	237,815	237,005	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	210	75	135	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	34,260	14,825	19,435	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	8,865	3,615	5,260	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	518,165	256,330	261,835	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	501,105	248,825	252,280	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	5,760	2,715	3,045	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	2,585	1,245	1,340	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	8,710	3,545	5,170	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,055	3,340	3,715	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.4	1.3	1.4	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	518,165	256,330	261,835	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	508,150	251,410	256,740	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	388,365	193,010	195,355	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	382,495	190,215	192,280	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	5,870	2,800	3,070	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	119,785	58,400	61,390	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	30	10	20	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	0	0	0	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	5	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	10	5	5	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	0	0	0	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	5	0	0	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	5	0	5	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	119,760	58,390	61,370	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	9,925	5,030	4,895	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	25	10	15	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	20	15	10	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	1,210	580	630	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	95	50	45	805	455	350
Oromo	85	40	40	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	990	465	520	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	365	195	170
Semitic languages	8,685	4,435	4,250	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	795	380	415	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	6,560	3,400	3,155	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	285	145	135	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	15	5	10	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	115	65	50	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	60	30	30	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	780	370	410	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,950	1,905	2,045	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	265	125	140	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	3,685	1,780	1,905	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	2,215	795	1,420	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	10	5	5	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	110	30	75	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	120	45	75	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	5	0	0	1,430	665	760
Malay	170	65	105	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	0	0	0	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,700	605	1,095	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	155	80	75	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	80	40	45	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	1,775	955	820	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	85	45	35	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	620	325	300	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	735	395	335	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	320	180	140	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	485	230	250	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	80,565	39,360	41,210	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	985	510	475	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	650	320	325	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	18,325	8,815	9,515	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	165	85	80	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	85	45	35	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	85	40	45	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	18,165	8,725	9,430	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	15	5	10	810	385	430
Bosnian	535	270	260	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	145	70	75	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	2,085	1,055	1,030	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	730	345	390	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	255	120	130	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	5,230	2,440	2,785	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	1,765	810	955	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	5,065	2,540	2,520	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	515	245	270	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	575	255	320	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	255	130	125	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	780	325	450	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	210	105	110	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	25	20	10	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	1,090	540	550
Welsh	10	10	5	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	530	295	235
Germanic languages	14,070	6,590	7,480	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	110	55	50	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	170	80	90	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	1,885	860	1,025	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	35	20	15	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	11,685	5,480	6,210	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	5	5	0	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	30	15	15	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	65	40	30	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	65	30	30	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	10	0	5	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	525	280	240
Greek	1,330	660	670	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	19,590	10,120	9,475	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	14,195	7,325	6,875	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	915	495	420	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	2,775	1,430	1,345	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	1,565	855	715	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	5	0	5	565	300	265
Konkani	45	25	20	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	155	75	75	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	255	135	120	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	25	5	10	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,735	2,395	2,345	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	235	110	130	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	130	125	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	3,235	1,660	1,575	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	5,185	2,695	2,490	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	635	355	285	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	1,020	535	480	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	3,535	1,810	1,725	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	210	105	105	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	25,590	12,325	13,265	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	15	10	10	865	440	425
Italian	1,900	1,000	900	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	9,765	4,660	5,100	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	5,510	2,660	2,850	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	8,400	3,990	4,410	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	720	380	340
Japanese	425	160	260	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	1,715	910	805
Georgian	5	0	0	1,715	910	805
Korean	2,090	1,000	1,090	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	10	5	5	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	655	305	350	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	65	35	30	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,535	815	720
Edo	10	5	10	1,670	770	900
Ewe	20	15	5	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	5	5	0	920	445	470
Ganda	15	5	5	1,295	625	665
Igbo	30	20	10	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	0	0	5	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	15	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	20	20	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	95	40	55	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	145	65	80	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	10	5	5	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	80	45	35	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	135	50	85	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	285	135	150	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	5	5	0	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	285	130	150	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	115	60	60	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	70	30	40	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	50	30	20	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	13,040	6,415	6,630	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	12,665	6,215	6,455	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	2,200	1,075	1,125	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	75	35	40	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	9,390	4,595	4,795	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	5	0	5	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	245	125	120	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	50	55	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	640	330	305	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	375	195	175	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	140	70	70	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	125	65	60	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	5	5	0	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	55	45	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	1,155	520	630	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	1,025	485	545	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	125	35	90	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	910	460	455	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	70	40	30	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	785	400	390	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	10	5	10	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	15	10	5	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	1,935	940	995	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	95	45	50	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	145	75	75	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	1,690	825	865	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	60	30	25	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	10,010	4,920	5,090	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	1,240	590	645	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	8,310	4,110	4,205	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	230	110	115	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	230	110	125	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	518,165	256,330	261,835	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	494,910	244,945	249,970	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	433,960	215,380	218,585	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	432,315	214,625	217,690	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	1,645	750	900	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	60,950	29,570	31,380	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	0	0	0	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	60,945	29,565	31,380	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	6,380	3,130	3,250	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	15	10	0	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	10	5	5	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	800	360	440	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	85	40	40	620	330	285
Oromo	55	20	30	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	655	295	360	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	185	85	95
Semitic languages	5,565	2,760	2,805	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	525	245	285	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	4,235	2,135	2,100	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	170	85	85	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	10	15	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	5	0	10	735	335	400
Hebrew	50	25	25	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	10	5	0	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	510	235	270	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,515	1,205	1,310	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	130	60	75	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	2,380	1,150	1,235	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	775	330	445	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	0	0	290	140	155
Cebuano	25	10	15	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	25	10	15	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	30	15	15	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	435	220	210
Malay	60	30	30	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	640	270	370	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	85	40	45	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	50	20	25	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	920	485	435	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	35	20	15	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	360	190	175	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	360	190	170	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	160	80	80	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	190	85	105	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	37,365	18,070	19,300	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	540	280	260	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	415	200	215	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	8,790	4,255	4,535	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	15	10	10	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	5	0	5	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	10	5	5	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	8,770	4,250	4,520	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	10	0	5	230	105	120
Bosnian	265	140	125	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	65	30	30	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	865	425	440	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	235	115	120	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	125	60	70	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	2,145	1,030	1,115	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	990	475	515	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	3,235	1,590	1,640	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	230	105	120	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	195	90	110	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	25	30	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	270	120	155	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	670	310	360
Celtic languages	0	0	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	185	105	80
Welsh	0	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	3,525	1,640	1,885	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	30	15	15	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	10	10	5	855	410	445
Dutch	270	130	140	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	0	5	0	185	95	90
German	3,175	1,470	1,705	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	0	0	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	0	0	0	345	145	200
Swedish	10	10	5	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	1,625	820	810
Greek	470	210	260	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	11,910	5,940	5,975	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	8,360	4,180	4,185	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	530	270	260	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	1,675	825	845	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	755	390	365	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	0	0	0	135	70	70
Konkani	15	10	5	720	355	370
Marathi	65	35	35	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	155	75	75	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,110	1,555	1,555	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	110	50	60	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	125	60	60	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	1,805	900	910	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	3,440	1,715	1,730	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	340	175	165	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	620	305	310	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	2,490	1,240	1,255	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	110	50	60	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	11,715	5,535	6,180	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	15	5	5	355	165	190
Italian	365	170	195	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	4,045	1,875	2,170	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	2,690	1,300	1,390	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	4,605	2,185	2,420	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	180	85	95
Japanese	240	110	130	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	1,040	565	475
Georgian	0	0	0	1,035	565	475
Korean	1,500	700	795	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	910	440	470
Mongolian	5	5	0	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	170	65	105	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	15	5	10	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	0	0	0	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	0	250	105	140
Ganda	5	5	5	345	160	185
Igbo	10	5	10	1,000	485	510
Lingala	0	0	0	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	1,530	670	865
Shona	25	10	15	1,035	475	560
Swahili	60	20	35	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	0	0	0	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	10	5	5	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	120	55	60	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	0	0	0	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	115	55	55	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	170	90	75	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	80	45	40	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	90	50	40	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,975	4,450	4,525	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	8,645	4,280	4,360	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	1,170	575	595	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	40	15	20	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	6,885	3,405	3,475	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	0	0	5	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	30	35	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	35	30	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	420	220	205	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	330	170	160	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	135	70	60	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	120	60	55	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	5	0	0	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	560	260	295	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	510	240	270	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	50	15	30	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	430	215	210	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	1,245	640	610
Turkish	390	195	190	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	0	0	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	5	5	0	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	455	230	225
Uralic languages	520	255	270	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	15	5	5	975	365	610
Finnish	10	0	10	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	500	245	250	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	23,250	11,385	11,865	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	680	310	370	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	22,105	10,865	11,240	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	60	25	35	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	410	190	220	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	518,160	256,330	261,830	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	449,920	223,250	226,665	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	27,070	13,455	13,610	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	4,830	2,050	2,785	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	35,150	17,015	18,140	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	50	15	40	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	35,100	17,000	18,100	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	190	85	110	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	590	305	290	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	395	170	225	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	423,860	208,350	215,515	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	406,690	200,510	206,180	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,709	43,368	29,686	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	406,740	200,515	206,225	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,331	38,405	27,336	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	369,000	185,895	183,105	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,879	43,567	27,605	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	284,065	126,545	157,520	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,462	1,315	4,870	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	313,565	163,080	150,485	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,532	44,444	30,007	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	423,860	208,350	215,515	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	406,950	200,585	206,360	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,844	55,818	38,121	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	407,000	200,600	206,400	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,944	45,307	32,760	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	368,900	185,805	183,095	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,308	55,994	36,479	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	284,395	126,935	157,460	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,963	6,245	7,543	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	313,570	163,045	150,525	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,319	54,848	37,081	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	423,860	208,350	215,515	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	161,500	92,075	69,425	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,659	60,702	47,343	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,143	73,195	54,463	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	89.6	92.9	84.9	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.1	79.8	70.8	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	10.4	7.0	15.1	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	423,860	208,345	215,515	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	17,175	7,840	9,335	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	406,690	200,510	206,175	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.2	95.7	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	56,600	24,310	32,290	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	64,805	25,450	39,350	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	54,685	22,360	32,320	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	47,170	21,005	26,170	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	42,805	20,585	22,220	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	34,390	18,540	15,850	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	25,970	15,135	10,835	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	19,400	11,875	7,525	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	14,975	9,415	5,555	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	13,195	7,865	5,335	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	32,700	23,970	8,730	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	22,310	15,985	6,320	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	10,390	7,985	2,405	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	423,865	208,350	215,510	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	17,120	7,835	9,290	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	406,740	200,515	206,230	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.2	95.7	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	57,970	24,695	33,275	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	67,985	26,745	41,245	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	63,730	26,475	37,250	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	57,570	26,740	30,830	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	49,280	25,740	23,535	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	34,680	20,040	14,645	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	24,065	15,020	9,045	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	18,705	11,440	7,270	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	32,750	23,620	9,135	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	11,010	7,445	3,565	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	6,515	4,640	1,880	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	15,230	11,540	3,695	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	423,860	208,350	215,515	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	110,295	45,270	65,030	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	313,565	163,080	150,485	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	74.0	78.3	69.8	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	38,720	18,305	20,415	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	24,355	10,535	13,820	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	39,675	17,215	22,455	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	32,420	13,900	18,515	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	33,100	14,600	18,500	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	31,865	15,775	16,085	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	26,875	15,190	11,680	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	20,305	12,280	8,025	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	15,605	9,835	5,770	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	50,660	35,440	15,220	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	12,745	8,205	4,540	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	11,415	6,920	4,495	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	26,500	20,315	6,185	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,229	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,654	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	49,290	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,151	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,051	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	151,205	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,298	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,175	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	200,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,081	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,056	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	49,360	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,793	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,942	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	151,130	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,526	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,831	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	200,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	3,080	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,070	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,465	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,890	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	7,335	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	6,640	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	7,430	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	7,860	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	7,920	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	7,945	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15,260	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,335	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	13,745	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	12,660	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	11,970	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	71,895	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	23,765	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	16,485	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	17,880	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	13,770	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	200,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	3,275	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,125	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,545	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,155	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,265	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,485	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	8,870	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,285	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,515	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	9,495	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	18,185	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	17,015	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15,995	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	14,485	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	12,365	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	53,435	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	22,680	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	13,350	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	17,405	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	144,525	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,057	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,598	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	50,730	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,933	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,353	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	68,055	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,152	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,627	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	21,920	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,247	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,775	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	144,425	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,616	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,515	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	50,770	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,953	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,266	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	68,145	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,838	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,934	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	21,810	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,185	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,830	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	70,830	36,265	34,570	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,534	35,454	30,010	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,736	31,890	27,837	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	70,975	36,005	34,970	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	41,467	44,363	38,484	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,067	36,809	33,273	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	516,080	255,450	260,635	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	236,605	113,635	122,970	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	45,675	22,370	23,305	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	42,660	19,195	23,465	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	46,310	21,770	24,545	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	49,600	24,170	25,435	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	52,350	26,125	26,230	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	279,475	141,820	137,655	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	55,500	27,815	27,685	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	56,435	28,615	27,820	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	58,350	29,570	28,780	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	58,590	29,880	28,710	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	50,600	25,935	24,665	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	516,085	255,450	260,630	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	110,975	56,630	54,350	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	35,575	18,245	17,335	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	334,955	166,525	168,430	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	70,150	32,295	37,855	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	62,750	29,150	33,600	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	16,950	8,590	8,355	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	6,070	3,095	2,975	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	38,505	17,930	20,570	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	7,305	2,625	4,675	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	11.4	12.9	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.3	15.2	15.4	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.0	17.2	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.8	12.2	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	10.4	8.1	12.3	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	38,030	19,030	18,995	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	8,825	4,525	4,300	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	3,075	1,590	1,485	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	27,660	13,850	13,815	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	1,540	660	885	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.4	7.3	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	8.0	7.9	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.7	8.6	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.2	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	2.2	2.0	2.3	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	516,085	255,450	260,630	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	507,185	251,840	255,350	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	506,990	251,765	255,220	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	34,335	14,905	19,425	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	142,870	69,695	73,170	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	100	35	65	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	90	30	60	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	0	15	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	10	0	10	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	30	40	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	10	0	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	60	25	35	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	0	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	0	0	0	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	0	0	0	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	10	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	0	0	0	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	142,770	69,665	73,105	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,310	6,345	5,965	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	0	0	0	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	0	0	0	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	1,530	785	740	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	160	80	80	1,085	625	470
Oromo	85	40	45	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	1,190	610	575	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	115	70	50	480	220	265
Semitic languages	11,035	5,680	5,355	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	1,130	550	575	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	8,665	4,500	4,170	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	275	155	125	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	0	0	0	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	380	225	150	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	110	65	45	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	1,040	460	580	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,840	2,310	2,535	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	310	130	180	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	4,555	2,190	2,365	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	2,775	935	1,830	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	0	0	10	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	95	15	80	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	0	0	0	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	55	15	45	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	90	25	65	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	0	0	0	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	340	150	190	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	10	10	10	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,355	765	1,590	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	10	10	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	470	240	225	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	240	125	120	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	235	120	115	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	2,395	1,290	1,105	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	205	115	90	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	675	325	355	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	1,215	675	540	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	465	265	205	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	490	235	260	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	99,010	48,260	50,745	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	1,045	580	470	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	815	395	420	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	21,045	10,090	10,955	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	200	110	90	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	135	75	60	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	70	35	40	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	20,865	10,000	10,870	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	75	30	45	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	815	390	425	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	160	75	85	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	3,200	1,545	1,660	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	940	470	465	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	345	150	195	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	5,845	2,705	3,140	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	2,565	1,150	1,415	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	6,360	3,260	3,095	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	615	285	325	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	765	390	375	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	310	140	170	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	955	375	580	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	250	125	120	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	90	50	45	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	45	20	25	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	20	10	10	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	0	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	18,125	8,320	9,810	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	225	120	100	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	250	110	140	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	2,975	1,260	1,715	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	45	25	25	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	15,360	7,150	8,215	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	10	0	0	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	80	35	40	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	140	100	45	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	65	30	35	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	0	0	0	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	115	60	55	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	1,805	910	890	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	24,110	12,510	11,600	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	18,980	9,910	9,075	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	1,155	630	530	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	3,370	1,755	1,610	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	6,585	3,475	3,110	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	10	0	10	905	490	420
Konkani	70	40	30	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	270	140	130	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	380	205	175	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	10	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,770	3,550	3,220	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	370	175	195	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	390	190	205	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	5,585	2,905	2,680	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	5,595	2,840	2,755	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	835	415	420	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	1,010	520	485	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	4,055	2,055	2,000	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	325	145	180	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	34,560	16,595	17,970	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	20	15	0	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	3,115	1,615	1,500	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	12,085	5,905	6,180	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	6,715	3,220	3,495	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	13,610	6,335	7,275	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	845	435	410	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	10	0	10	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	2,205	1,070	1,135	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	20	15	10	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	20	20	10	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	1,115	580	530	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	85	55	30	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	25	10	10	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	0	10	0	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	10	10	0	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	30	0	25	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	95	70	25	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	105	60	45	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	0	25	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	10	35	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	35	20	15	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	380	180	200	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	0	0	0	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	225	145	90	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	175	85	95	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	380	165	215	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	10	0	10	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	380	165	215	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	625	235	395	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	460	150	305	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	175	90	90	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	14,755	7,325	7,430	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	14,345	7,115	7,230	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	3,140	1,530	1,610	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	155	65	95	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	11,100	5,460	5,640	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	365	180	190	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	150	85	70	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	785	410	370	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	435	230	205	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	165	80	80	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	120	60	60	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	0	10	0	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	275	140	135	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	1,200	555	640	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	1,070	505	565	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	190	65	125	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	1,480	790	690	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	150	100	50	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	1,290	690	600	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	0	0	0	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	45	20	25	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	2,240	1,105	1,135	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	160	85	70	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	145	70	75	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	1,945	955	990	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	140	80	60	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	516,085	255,450	260,630	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	482,350	238,765	243,590	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	106,590	54,380	52,210	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	375,760	184,380	191,380	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	33,730	16,690	17,040	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	516,085	255,450	260,630	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	388,140	192,900	195,235	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	118,615	57,530	61,080	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	35,935	17,345	18,590	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	15,710	7,735	7,970	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	23,745	11,620	12,130	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	29,250	14,050	15,195	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	14,590	7,025	7,570	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	14,655	7,030	7,630	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	13,975	6,780	7,195	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	9,335	5,025	4,310	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	118,615	57,530	61,080	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	13,700	6,940	6,760	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	23,895	12,460	11,435	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	25,560	11,440	14,125	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	47,195	22,990	24,205	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	8,265	3,700	4,565	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	118,615	57,530	61,085	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	17,455	8,000	9,460	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	500	225	275	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	1,640	745	895	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	1,960	915	1,045	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	2,305	1,045	1,260	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	40	20	15	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	1,920	960	965	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	985	460	525	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	185	85	100	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	680	305	380	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,890	1,585	2,305	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	3,355	1,645	1,705	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	51,440	24,950	26,490	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,160	1,635	1,520	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	2,100	1,040	1,065	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	340	175	165	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	4,680	2,165	2,510	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	580	260	315	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	805	390	420	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	425	210	220	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	1,145	650	490	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	1,725	815	900	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	4,260	1,975	2,290	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	7,160	3,450	3,710	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	5,105	2,420	2,680	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	780	350	430	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	2,525	1,275	1,250	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	740	335	405	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	11,245	5,520	5,725	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	4,675	2,290	2,390	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	7,235	3,640	3,600	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	60	30	25	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	1,185	630	560	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	955	480	475	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	420	200	225	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	45	25	25	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	310	185	125	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	720	335	380	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	500	250	250	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	3,045	1,510	1,530	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	42,130	20,760	21,370	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	1,290	585	705	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	690	360	325	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	6,380	3,025	3,355	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	785	445	340	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	8,575	4,400	4,180	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	1,580	860	720	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	1,950	1,005	950	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	150	45	105	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,460	765	695	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	640	330	310	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	3,780	1,975	1,810	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	2,445	905	1,535	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	910	450	460	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,660	850	810	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	460	225	225	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	3,345	1,565	1,785	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	6,040	2,985	3,060	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	350	185	165	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	13,975	6,780	7,195	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	1,735	805	935	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	55	25	25	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	270	100	175	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	85	35	55	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	20	10	10	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	165	105	65	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	125	60	65	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	565	230	330	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	40	15	20	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	415	225	190	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	1,715	825	890	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	40	25	15	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	125	60	60	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	60	35	25	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	30	10	15	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	260	105	150	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	85	30	55	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	70	30	45	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	275	170	110	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	775	360	415	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	1,550	765	785	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	10	10	0	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	0	0	0	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	290	135	155	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	340	160	180	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	225	95	130	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	0	0	0	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	105	70	40	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	205	100	105	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	80	30	45	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	10	10	0	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	265	150	115	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	8,935	4,350	4,580	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	235	75	155	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	135	50	90	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	1,395	665	730	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	25	0	15	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	1,835	1,010	820	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	495	270	220	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	850	485	365	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	40	25	15	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	20	0	20	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	160	65	95	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	65	30	35	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	75	30	45	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	620	295	330	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	600	180	420	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	110	80	40	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	90	40	50	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,050	540	510	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	75	40	30	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	95	65	35	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	60	20	40	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	260	100	160	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	635	270	365	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	45	40	0	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	25	20	0	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	15	15	0	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	516,080	255,455	260,630	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	130,375	63,880	66,495	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	108,125	54,565	53,560	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	277,580	137,005	140,580	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	84,495	41,040	43,455	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	35,760	18,700	17,055	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	13,050	9,525	3,525	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	22,715	9,180	13,530	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	24,180	9,600	14,580	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	23,845	12,425	11,420	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	710	310	395	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	516,085	255,455	260,630	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	8,885	4,270	4,610	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	8,430	4,045	4,385	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,450	2,565	2,885	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	2,815	1,400	1,415	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	165	75	85	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	175	115	60	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	280	115	165	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	507,200	251,180	256,020	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	516,080	255,455	260,635	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	2,560	1,220	1,340	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	513,520	254,230	259,295	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	516,085	255,450	260,630	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	1,375	645	725	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	1,345	625	720	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	1,060	490	565	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	255	130	125	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	30	0	25	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	30	20	10	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	20	0	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	13,630	6,520	7,105	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	13,305	6,385	6,925	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,065	4,790	5,275	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,935	1,425	1,510	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	165	145	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	325	135	185	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	120	160	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	20	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	501,080	248,285	252,795	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	516,085	255,450	260,630	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	99,735	50,115	49,620	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	26,635	13,975	12,670	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	15,940	7,890	8,050	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	15,110	7,795	7,315	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	3,535	1,430	2,105	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	9,100	4,390	4,705	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	7,105	3,700	3,400	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	8,175	3,920	4,255	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	4,335	2,195	2,145	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	2,460	1,240	1,225	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	760	330	425	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	3,270	1,605	1,665	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	3,305	1,650	1,655	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	416,345	205,335	211,015	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	516,085	255,455	260,630	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	15,005	7,165	7,835	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	11,465	5,435	6,030	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	380	190	190	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	3,510	1,700	1,810	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	136,690	67,525	69,165	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	595	240	355	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	5,805	2,905	2,895	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	131,890	65,140	66,755	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	1,245	620	620	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	100	40	55	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	60	35	30	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	150	85	65	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	15	10	10	1,895	950	945
European origins	365,075	179,270	185,800	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	215,920	105,220	110,700	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	35	30	10	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	10	10	0	1,975	995	975
English	120,810	58,590	62,215	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	89,590	42,255	47,335	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	85	40	45	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	93,055	44,835	48,220	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	8,855	4,235	4,620	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,325	7,245	8,080	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	46,530	22,370	24,160	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	300	130	165	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	10	10	0	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	10	0	10	1,750	950	805
French	46,250	22,245	24,005	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	137,830	67,325	70,500	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	4,285	2,110	2,175	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	0	0	0	940	485	455
Belgian	1,935	975	960	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	25,200	12,325	12,875	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	210	110	95	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	90	50	40	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	112,330	54,885	57,445	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	75	50	30	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	7,575	3,730	3,845	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	20	15	10	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,460	4,665	4,790	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	2,110	1,005	1,110	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	1,860	940	920	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	470	230	245	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	2,420	1,225	1,200	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	2,490	1,180	1,310	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	675	390	290	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	63,090	30,545	32,545	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	415	190	220	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	390	175	220	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	2,465	1,195	1,270	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	585	240	350	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	535	265	270	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	8,520	4,180	4,335	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	605	315	295	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	1,070	555	515	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	130	50	80	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	25,085	12,295	12,790	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	9,690	4,560	5,135	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	6,810	3,205	3,605	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	2,060	1,035	1,025	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	12,990	6,235	6,750	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	200	100	100	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	64,710	32,605	32,105	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	1,190	650	540	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	1,365	690	675	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	0	10	0	1,280	740	535
Croatian	4,915	2,420	2,495	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	645	325	315	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	3,885	1,965	1,920	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	18,650	9,575	9,075	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	120	60	55	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	870	365	505	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	760	390	365	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	180	85	95	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	21,240	10,720	10,520	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	7,215	3,685	3,530	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	130	90	45	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	1,250	620	635	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	5,490	2,530	2,955	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,580	785	795	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	20	15	10	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	2,285	1,150	1,135	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	75	25	50	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	1,175	600	575	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	45	20	25	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	95	45	55	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	915	475	440	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	9,855	4,985	4,870	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	50	25	20	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	45	15	35	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	820	415	405	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	125	45	80	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	30	25	10	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	650	270	370	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	255	145	115	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	190	100	95	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	10	10	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	105	55	55	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	5,220	2,685	2,540	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	75	40	30	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	10	0	10	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	30	20	10	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	65	35	35	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	130	65	60	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,360	695	665	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	170	80	95	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,055	505	555	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	235	115	120	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	13,530	6,480	7,050	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	370	180	190	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	10	10	0	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	210	90	120	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	0	0	0	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	45	10	35	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	660	310	345	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	410	185	225	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	2,400	1,105	1,290	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	60	30	25	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	260	135	125	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	635	310	330	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	2,615	1,275	1,340	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	335	170	165	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	140	85	55	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	140	90	60	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	1,605	755	845	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	620	330	290	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	50	25	25	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	40	0	30	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	345	195	150	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	2,335	1,110	1,225	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	45	20	30	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	345	150	190	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	700	315	375	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	12,815	6,565	6,250	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	1,425	805	620	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	10	10	10	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	20	20	0	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	10	10	10	1,585	855	735
Beninese	20	10	10	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	0	0	0	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	50	10	35	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	0	0	1,845	955	885
Congolese	185	105	85	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	10	0	0	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	0	0	0	845	470	375
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,405	660	750
Gambian	0	0	0	975	495	475
Ghanaian	225	105	120	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	10	0	0	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	65	25	40	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	10	10	0	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	70	40	25	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	0	10	0	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	0	0	0	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	590	355	235	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	0	0	10	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	10	0	10	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	40	25	20	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	0	0	0	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	0	0	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	120	75	45	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	140	55	80	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	3,415	1,810	1,610	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	110	65	45	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	10	10	10	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	25	20	10	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	0	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	1,970	1,035	940	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	165	95	65	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	0	0	10	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	175	85	85	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	975	495	475	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	45	30	10	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	25	20	0	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	5,395	2,660	2,730	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	20	20	10	1,870	955	915
Amhara	35	25	10	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	25	20	10	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	35	10	25	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	0	0	10	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	1,400	675	730	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	1,365	650	705	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	0	0	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	90	55	35	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	0	0	0	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	80	45	35	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	35	15	15	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	80	35	50	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	15	10	10	1,285	575	710
Somali	1,500	780	715	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	515	220	295	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	30	20	15	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	75	40	30	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	70	25	45	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	10	0	10	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	75	35	40	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	0	0	0	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	270	140	135	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	2,975	1,490	1,490	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	350	135	210	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	2,645	1,360	1,285	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	77,160	38,655	38,505	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	16,345	8,390	7,955	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	2,200	1,055	1,145	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	1,430	795	635	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	1,275	675	600	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	155	85	65	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	155	70	80	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	70	25	50	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	55	35	15	1,515	810	705
Iranian	2,395	1,285	1,105	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	1,575	825	750	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	175	100	80	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	385	190	200	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	15	10	0	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	780	400	380	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	45	25	15	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	15	0	15	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	1,685	815	875	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	1,000	500	495	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	275	135	140	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	185	110	75	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	1,685	860	820	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	160	80	80	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	10	10	10	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	1,595	810	790	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	50	20	35	1,040	540	500
Uighur	10	0	10	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	55	15	35	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	30	20	10	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	590	295	290	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	27,520	14,320	13,205	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	660	350	305	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	260	135	125	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	135	75	60	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	19,295	10,025	9,270	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	50	20	25	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	290	145	145	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	45	25	20	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	335	185	150	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	4,300	2,290	2,015	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	1,615	830	785	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	245	115	125	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	870	460	410	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	320	155	160	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,360	700	655	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	33,915	16,275	17,640	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	605	290	310	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	485	225	260	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	18,680	9,260	9,425	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	4,070	1,670	2,395	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	550	280	270	805	420	390
Indonesian	420	200	215	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	1,025	455	570	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	85	45	40	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	2,570	1,305	1,270	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	1,680	815	865	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	150	90	60	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	85	45	40	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	30	25	10	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	310	145	165	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	395	160	235	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	10	10	0	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	5,515	2,715	2,805	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	190	95	95	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	440	215	225	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	440	215	230	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	740	390	350	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	485	255	230	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	150	100	50	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	100	35	65	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	30	0	25	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	15	0	10	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	10	0	0	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	10	0	10	1,530	725	805
Samoan	25	15	10	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	15	10	10	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	200,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	136,145	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	64,355	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	200,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	21,785	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	178,710	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	545	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	21,930	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	42,440	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	87,165	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	48,415	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	200,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	45,170	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	28,780	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	32,915	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	29,095	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	64,530	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	197,420	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	3,075	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	200,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	191,555	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	8,945	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	40,530	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	57,055	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	29,330	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	27,320	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	18,415	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	15,310	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	12,535	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	190,425	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	10,070	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	108,870	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	85,955	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	5,670	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	200,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	7,505	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	31,540	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	36,570	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	43,280	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	37,845	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	25,095	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	13,650	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	5,020	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	199,640	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	152,655	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	46,985	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40,905	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135,570	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.9	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	14.6	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,344	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,381	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	349,737	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	393,896	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	64,310	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.1	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	42.3	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	992	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,051	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	423,865	208,350	215,510	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	77,185	38,430	38,755	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	122,855	61,195	61,660	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	223,825	108,730	115,100	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	26,905	19,305	7,600	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	12,300	7,460	4,840	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	14,605	11,850	2,760	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	89,735	38,755	50,970	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,150	3,445	3,700	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	100,035	47,210	52,825	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	66,380	30,075	36,305	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	5,995	2,655	3,340	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,225	1,235	990	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	20,460	9,885	10,570	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	4,980	3,360	1,620	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	282,335	139,050	143,280	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	31,420	16,830	14,590	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	73,420	37,200	36,220	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	177,495	85,025	92,470	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,080	13,755	5,325	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	8,730	5,285	3,440	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	10,350	8,470	1,880	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	71,620	31,170	40,450	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,115	2,455	2,660	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	81,680	37,640	44,040	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	53,140	23,765	29,370	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,910	2,070	2,835	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,775	870	905	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	17,790	8,320	9,470	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	4,065	2,615	1,455	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	423,860	208,345	215,510	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	200,035	99,620	100,415	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	11,560	2,610	8,945	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	11,560	2,610	8,950	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	7,795	3,355	4,435	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,405	980	420	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	6,390	2,380	4,010	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	14,695	5,505	9,195	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,180	265	915	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	3,895	1,025	2,870	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,115	975	2,140	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	120	45	75	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,215	605	610	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,985	1,155	835	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	2,435	1,315	1,120	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	755	115	635	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	27,310	8,555	18,750	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	310	65	250	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,945	1,105	1,840	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	5,115	365	4,745	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	3,325	960	2,360	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	620	150	470	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	4,960	1,245	3,715	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	10,035	4,665	5,370	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	42,880	16,840	26,035	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	90	25	65	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	4,025	715	3,315	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	38,760	16,100	22,660	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	9,335	4,690	4,645	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,720	1,535	2,190	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,070	980	1,095	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	90	15	75	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	3,080	2,020	1,060	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	375	140	235	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	12,700	8,420	4,280	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	8,615	6,020	2,595	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	525	95	430	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,165	2,005	1,155	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	395	290	105	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	49,670	44,680	4,995	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	1,615	995	620	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	13,185	10,685	2,505	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10,685	9,550	1,140	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	7,790	7,575	215	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,820	8,610	210	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	7,570	7,270	300	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,105	2,365	1,735	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,335	1,315	1,025	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,770	1,055	715	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	30,150	5,225	24,930	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,490	1,495	2,000	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	26,040	3,365	22,675	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	620	365	255	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	13,255	6,435	6,820	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	7,240	1,930	5,305	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	25	0	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	85	65	20	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	4,060	2,770	1,290	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,850	1,650	200	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	375	45	330	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	375	45	330	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	282,335	139,055	143,280	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	104,840	54,025	50,815	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	8,615	1,855	6,760	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	8,615	1,850	6,760	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,100	2,540	3,555	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	990	725	265	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	5,110	1,815	3,295	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	10,995	3,960	7,040	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	890	135	755	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	3,025	755	2,270	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,290	725	1,570	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	70	20	50	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	875	430	445	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,415	835	575	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	1,890	995	890	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	530	50	485	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	21,810	6,605	15,205	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	245	40	205	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,485	935	1,560	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,000	255	3,750	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	2,820	750	2,070	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	465	115	350	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	3,830	875	2,955	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	7,955	3,635	4,320	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	35,205	13,530	21,675	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	90	20	70	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,425	590	2,840	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	31,690	12,920	18,775	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	7,190	3,555	3,630	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,930	1,175	1,755	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,545	745	795	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	75	10	65	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	2,350	1,520	825	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	285	100	185	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	11,080	7,385	3,695	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	7,825	5,480	2,350	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	430	70	360	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,480	1,585	900	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	345	255	90	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	38,975	34,695	4,280	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	1,365	810	555	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	10,970	8,795	2,170	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,565	7,600	965	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	5,780	5,595	185	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,590	6,420	165	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	5,705	5,475	230	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,265	1,805	1,455	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,835	980	850	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,430	830	605	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	23,475	3,950	19,525	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,690	1,115	1,575	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	20,300	2,590	17,715	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	480	245	240	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	10,515	5,105	5,410	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	5,500	1,375	4,130	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	0	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	3,380	2,270	1,115	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,590	1,425	165	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	270	45	230	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	270	40	230	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	423,860	208,350	215,515	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	200,040	99,620	100,415	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	223,825	108,725	115,100	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	185,885	89,165	96,715	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	175,095	83,930	91,165	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	10,790	5,240	5,550	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	37,940	19,560	18,380	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	5,420	2,920	2,500	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	1,290	380	915	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	4,520	2,435	2,080	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	3,885	2,380	1,500	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	2,900	1,375	1,515	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	215	120	95	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	19,715	9,940	9,775	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	282,335	139,050	143,280	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	104,835	54,025	50,810	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	177,495	85,030	92,470	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	148,660	70,875	77,785	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	140,105	66,695	73,405	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	8,560	4,180	4,380	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	28,835	14,150	14,685	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	4,245	2,200	2,045	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	1,155	330	825	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	3,600	1,840	1,760	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	2,115	1,210	905	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	2,365	1,115	1,255	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	155	85	65	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	15,200	7,370	7,830	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	423,865	208,345	215,510	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	290,430	151,985	138,445	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	271,875	142,595	129,275	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	18,555	9,390	9,165	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	133,430	56,360	77,070	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	68.5	72.9	64.2	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	64.1	68.4	60.0	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.2	6.6	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	423,860	208,350	215,510	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	124,210	51,935	72,270	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	299,655	156,410	143,245	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	164,860	94,335	70,525	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	134,795	62,075	72,725	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.2	42.9	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	290,430	151,985	138,440	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	285,035	149,375	135,660	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	257,070	132,410	124,665	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	27,955	16,965	10,995	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	290,430	151,985	138,440	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	285,030	149,375	135,655	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	30,210	18,590	11,620	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	42,510	12,475	30,035	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	24,625	19,190	5,430	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	15,805	2,490	13,315	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	31,340	10,150	21,190	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	7,480	3,165	4,320	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	63,915	26,230	37,685	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40,350	37,770	2,580	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,240	3,105	1,135	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	24,555	16,210	8,345	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	290,425	151,985	138,440	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	285,035	149,375	135,655	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,165	1,880	1,290	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	385	335	50	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	1,070	840	225	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	18,820	16,600	2,220	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	45,950	32,560	13,390	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	11,840	8,245	3,590	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	31,215	14,580	16,630	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	11,930	8,925	3,005	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	8,115	4,600	3,515	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	17,605	6,420	11,180	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,720	2,460	2,260	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	21,650	12,640	9,010	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	470	230	235	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,905	6,740	5,165	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	24,530	8,390	16,140	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	27,745	4,205	23,535	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,630	2,360	2,270	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	18,575	7,090	11,485	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	10,720	5,185	5,535	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	10,000	5,080	4,915	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	271,875	142,595	129,275	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	17,325	8,125	9,200	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	1,110	780	330	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	25,865	19,165	6,700	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	227,580	114,535	113,045	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	227,580	114,535	113,050	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	108,645	49,415	59,235	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80,555	41,170	39,385	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	37,790	23,595	14,190	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	590	355	240	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	253,445	133,700	119,745	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	205,190	111,175	94,015	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	17,070	7,450	9,615	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	15,280	6,855	8,425	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	11,095	5,050	6,045	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	2,830	2,155	670	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	1,985	1,005	975	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	253,445	133,695	119,750	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	75,895	36,085	39,810	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	107,895	55,470	52,430	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	39,515	22,810	16,705	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	13,130	7,960	5,175	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	17,005	11,375	5,630	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	253,445	133,700	119,745	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	18,815	13,300	5,520	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	44,475	29,235	15,245	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60,975	30,530	30,435	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	56,200	24,160	32,030	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	27,840	12,145	15,690	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45,145	24,325	20,820	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	308,800	160,875	147,925	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	306,650	159,920	146,735	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	303,860	158,470	145,390	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	302,965	158,250	144,710	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	895	210	680	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	2,795	1,450	1,340	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,790	1,450	1,345	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	105	35	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	105	35	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	10	200	95	100
Arabic	130	100	25	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	145	60	90	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	145	60	90	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	0	0	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	1,685	865	825	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	20	15	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	155	60	95	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	155	60	100	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	45	10	30	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	25	10	20	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	50	25	25	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	30	10	20	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	880	410	470	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	85	35	50	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	775	360	415	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	720	495	225
Greek	0	0	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	245	115	125	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	200	95	105	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	10	0	10	530	275	245
Gujarati	25	15	10	880	300	585
Hindi	15	0	10	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	10	10	0	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	60	35	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	45	15	30	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	45	20	20	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	15	10	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	385	250	135	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	0	0	0	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	185	125	60	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	35	20	15	745	365	380
Spanish	160	105	50	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	15	0	15	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	150	85	65	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	25	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	40	15	20	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	545	285	260	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	540	280	260	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	105	60	50	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	390	205	190	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	15	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	25	25	10	675	270	405
Lao	20	15	0	150	70	80
Thai	0	10	0	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	10	10	0	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	15	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	15	0	10	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	2,145	960	1,190	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	595	170	425	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	1,520	780	745	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	0	0	0	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	30	10	25	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	308,800	160,875	147,925	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	297,910	155,830	142,080	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	1,775	745	1,025	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	3,145	1,175	1,960	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	5,780	3,060	2,720	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	10	10	10	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	5,775	3,060	2,715	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	0	0	0	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	25	15	10	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	165	40	120	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	510,295	252,615	257,680	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	438,495	216,800	221,690	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	71,805	35,810	35,985	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	40,335	20,145	20,190	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	31,460	15,665	15,795	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	25,105	12,485	12,620	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	22,540	11,170	11,365	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	2,565	1,310	1,255	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	6,355	3,185	3,175	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	486,690	240,610	246,080	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	295,775	145,570	150,205	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	190,915	95,040	95,870	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	103,905	51,525	52,380	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	87,010	43,510	43,495	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	67,420	33,545	33,875	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	61,770	30,680	31,090	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	5,650	2,865	2,785	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	19,585	9,970	9,620	1,381,460	682,625	698,835