Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and New Brunswick [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			New Brunswick [Province]
	Data quality , Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : New Brunswick [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	523,894	...	...	747,101	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	496,383 r	...	...	751,171	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.5	...	...	-0.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	210,896	...	...	359,721	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	200,495	...	...	319,773	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	480.1	...	...	10.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,091.16	...	...	71,388.81	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	523,890	258,575	265,320	747,105	365,355	381,745
0 to 14 years	92,390	47,215	45,180	110,495	56,320	54,180
0 to 4 years	29,445	15,060	14,385	34,365	17,505	16,860
5 to 9 years	31,695	16,250	15,440	38,250	19,515	18,735
10 to 14 years	31,250	15,895	15,350	37,880	19,295	18,585
15 to 64 years	355,650	177,120	178,525	487,820	240,535	247,285
15 to 19 years	32,675	16,740	15,930	40,605	20,905	19,705
20 to 24 years	38,980	20,320	18,660	41,445	21,280	20,165
25 to 29 years	36,935	18,645	18,285	39,245	19,745	19,505
30 to 34 years	36,050	17,875	18,170	41,510	20,140	21,365
35 to 39 years	34,440	16,960	17,480	44,435	21,585	22,850
40 to 44 years	35,085	17,210	17,875	48,430	23,520	24,910
45 to 49 years	36,655	18,045	18,610	51,300	25,195	26,105
50 to 54 years	39,435	19,460	19,985	61,055	29,795	31,265
55 to 59 years	35,635	17,555	18,080	61,740	30,210	31,530
60 to 64 years	29,760	14,310	15,445	58,060	28,170	29,895
65 years and over	75,860	34,245	41,615	148,785	68,500	80,280
65 to 69 years	24,950	11,925	13,020	52,160	25,595	26,570
70 to 74 years	17,865	8,325	9,540	36,050	17,695	18,360
75 to 79 years	13,190	6,120	7,065	25,300	11,835	13,465
80 to 84 years	9,725	4,195	5,535	17,650	7,515	10,135
85 years and over	10,130	3,675	6,450	17,620	5,860	11,765
85 to 89 years	6,430	2,425	4,005	10,670	3,910	6,760
90 to 94 years	3,005	1,105	1,905	5,305	1,595	3,715
95 to 99 years	605	140	470	1,435	330	1,110
100 years and over	85	10	75	205	30	185
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.3	17.0	14.8	15.4	14.2
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.5	67.3	65.3	65.8	64.8
65 years and over	14.5	13.2	15.7	19.9	18.7	21.0
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.4	1.6	3.1
Average age of the population	39.2	38.3	40.1	43.6	42.7	44.5
Median age of the population	38.6	37.5	39.7	45.7	44.8	46.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
Single-detached house	110,670	...	...	221,515	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	21,970	...	...	3,945	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	67,655	...	...	80,515	...	...
Semi-detached house	12,585	...	...	12,470	...	...
Row house	22,595	...	...	9,015	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,930	...	...	13,545	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	26,240	...	...	44,260	...	...
Other single-attached house	300	...	...	1,230	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	200	...	...	13,795	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	200,495	...	...	319,775	...	...
1 person	49,295	...	...	89,480	...	...
2 persons	66,685	...	...	126,820	...	...
3 persons	33,235	...	...	49,465	...	...
4 persons	32,605	...	...	37,625	...	...
5 or more persons	18,685	...	...	16,385	...	...
Number of persons in private households	516,085	...	...	730,705	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	431,505	211,365	220,140	636,605	309,040	327,570
Married or living common law	251,105	125,415	125,690	379,605	189,790	189,820
Married	213,080	106,435	106,640	302,020	151,100	150,925
Living common law	38,020	18,975	19,045	77,580	38,685	38,895
Not married and not living common law	180,400	85,945	94,450	257,000	119,250	137,745
Never married	121,585	66,460	55,125	158,070	85,640	72,430
Separated	13,065	5,555	7,510	21,290	9,530	11,760
Divorced	24,180	9,375	14,805	35,680	15,275	20,405
Widowed	21,570	4,560	17,010	41,965	8,805	33,160
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	146,925	...	...	222,865	...	...
2 persons	69,480	...	...	129,065	...	...
3 persons	32,505	...	...	47,015	...	...
4 persons	31,515	...	...	34,860	...	...
5 or more persons	13,425	...	...	11,920	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	146,925	...	...	222,865	...	...
Total couple families	123,105	...	...	186,680	...	...
Married couples	104,105	...	...	147,900	...	...
Common-law couples	19,000	...	...	38,780	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	23,820	...	...	36,185	...	...
Female parent	18,995	...	...	28,650	...	...
Male parent	4,825	...	...	7,530	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	123,105	...	...	186,675	...	...
Couples without children	55,490	...	...	105,625	...	...
Couples with children	67,615	...	...	81,060	...	...
1 child	25,335	...	...	37,440	...	...
2 children	29,520	...	...	32,380	...	...
3 or more children	12,755	...	...	11,235	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	23,820	...	...	36,185	...	...
1 child	13,990	...	...	23,440	...	...
2 children	7,170	...	...	9,570	...	...
3 or more children	2,660	...	...	3,170	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	81,440	40,680	40,765	128,775	61,010	67,770
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
One-census-family households	138,085	...	...	214,235	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	51,930	...	...	102,170	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	86,160	...	...	112,070	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	4,335	...	...	4,280	...	...
Non-census-family households	58,070	...	...	101,255	...	...
One-person households	49,290	...	...	89,480	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	8,780	...	...	11,775	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	518,165	256,330	261,830	736,280	360,440	375,840
English only	474,825	237,815	237,005	420,820	210,555	210,260
French only	210	75	135	63,140	29,955	33,190
English and French	34,260	14,825	19,435	249,950	118,705	131,245
Neither English nor French	8,865	3,615	5,260	2,370	1,220	1,150
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	518,165	256,330	261,835	736,280	360,440	375,845
English	501,105	248,825	252,280	498,365	244,230	254,135
French	5,760	2,715	3,045	232,450	113,500	118,945
English and French	2,585	1,245	1,340	3,210	1,550	1,655
Neither English nor French	8,710	3,545	5,170	2,255	1,150	1,100
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,055	3,340	3,715	234,055	114,280	119,775
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.4	1.3	1.4	31.8	31.7	31.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	518,165	256,330	261,835	736,280	360,440	375,845
Single responses	508,150	251,410	256,740	726,990	356,005	370,990
Official languages	388,365	193,010	195,355	703,840	344,285	359,555
English	382,495	190,215	192,280	472,725	231,595	241,135
French	5,870	2,800	3,070	231,110	112,690	118,415
Non-official languages	119,785	58,400	61,390	23,150	11,715	11,435
Aboriginal languages	30	10	20	2,165	1,035	1,135
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	2,130	1,020	1,110
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	10	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	2,115	1,010	1,105
Malecite	0	0	0	280	125	155
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	1,835	885	950
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	20	5	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	10	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	119,760	58,390	61,370	20,990	10,685	10,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	9,925	5,030	4,895	3,190	1,805	1,385
Berber languages	25	10	15	40	25	15
Kabyle	20	15	10	20	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	1,210	580	630	30	15	20
Bilen	95	50	45	0	0	0
Oromo	85	40	40	5	5	5
Somali	990	465	520	25	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages	8,685	4,435	4,250	3,110	1,760	1,355
Amharic	795	380	415	65	35	25
Arabic	6,560	3,400	3,155	2,855	1,615	1,235
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	285	145	135	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Harari	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hebrew	115	65	50	170	90	80
Maltese	60	30	30	0	0	5
Tigrigna	780	370	410	20	15	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,950	1,905	2,045	635	305	330
Khmer (Cambodian)	265	125	140	10	5	10
Vietnamese	3,685	1,780	1,905	620	305	320
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,215	795	1,420	1,375	510	865
Bikol	10	5	5	5	0	5
Cebuano	110	30	75	105	35	65
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	15	5	10
Ilocano	120	45	75	50	15	35
Malagasy	5	0	0	15	5	10
Malay	170	65	105	45	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,700	605	1,095	1,120	420	700
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	15	5	10
Creole languages	155	80	75	135	70	65
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	15	10	5
Creole, n.o.s.	80	40	45	80	30	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	40	30	10
Dravidian languages	1,775	955	820	285	155	130
Kannada	85	45	35	20	15	10
Malayalam	620	325	300	40	15	20
Tamil	735	395	335	105	60	50
Telugu	320	180	140	110	60	45
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	485	230	250	5	5	0
Indo-European languages	80,565	39,360	41,210	9,325	4,790	4,530
Albanian	985	510	475	50	25	25
Armenian	650	320	325	30	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	18,325	8,815	9,515	1,740	865	875
Baltic languages	165	85	80	55	30	30
Latvian	85	45	35	25	10	10
Lithuanian	85	40	45	35	15	15
Slavic languages	18,165	8,725	9,430	1,685	835	850
Belarusan	15	5	10	5	5	0
Bosnian	535	270	260	50	25	25
Bulgarian	145	70	75	20	10	10
Croatian	2,085	1,055	1,030	75	35	40
Czech	730	345	390	55	25	25
Macedonian	255	120	130	15	10	5
Polish	5,230	2,440	2,785	230	105	125
Russian	1,765	810	955	880	440	435
Serbian	5,065	2,540	2,520	105	55	45
Serbo-Croatian	515	245	270	35	15	20
Slovak	575	255	320	25	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	255	130	125	15	10	10
Ukrainian	780	325	450	170	85	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	210	105	110	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	30	5	20
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	15	5	10
Welsh	10	10	5	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages	14,070	6,590	7,480	2,875	1,415	1,465
Afrikaans	110	55	50	50	30	25
Danish	170	80	90	125	55	75
Dutch	1,885	860	1,025	885	470	410
Frisian	35	20	15	35	25	10
German	11,685	5,480	6,210	1,650	780	865
Icelandic	5	5	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	30	15	15	40	25	20
Swedish	65	40	30	50	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	65	30	30	20	10	10
Yiddish	10	0	5	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	0	0
Greek	1,330	660	670	145	100	50
Indo-Iranian languages	19,590	10,120	9,475	1,850	1,020	835
Indo-Aryan languages	14,195	7,325	6,875	1,175	655	525
Bengali	915	495	420	205	120	85
Gujarati	2,775	1,430	1,345	75	40	30
Hindi	1,565	855	715	225	135	95
Kashmiri	5	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	45	25	20	10	5	5
Marathi	155	75	75	50	20	25
Nepali	255	135	120	180	90	90
Oriya (Odia)	25	5	10	0	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,735	2,395	2,345	125	75	50
Sindhi	235	110	130	25	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	130	125	30	15	15
Urdu	3,235	1,660	1,575	240	140	100
Iranian languages	5,185	2,695	2,490	655	355	305
Kurdish	635	355	285	55	30	25
Pashto	1,020	535	480	25	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	3,535	1,810	1,725	580	310	270
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	210	105	105	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	25,590	12,325	13,265	2,605	1,355	1,250
Catalan	15	10	10	5	5	0
Italian	1,900	1,000	900	400	225	175
Portuguese	9,765	4,660	5,100	260	130	130
Romanian	5,510	2,660	2,850	485	250	240
Spanish	8,400	3,990	4,410	1,460	755	705
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	425	160	260	110	25	85
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	2,090	1,000	1,090	1,550	800	750
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Mongolian	10	5	5	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	655	305	350	700	385	315
Akan (Twi)	65	35	30	25	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	60	35	25
Edo	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ewe	20	15	5	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	40	30	15
Ga	5	5	0	5	5	5
Ganda	15	5	5	10	0	0
Igbo	30	20	10	30	20	10
Lingala	0	0	5	25	15	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	15	45	25	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	20	20	40	20	20
Shona	95	40	55	20	10	10
Swahili	145	65	80	135	65	70
Wolof	10	5	5	25	20	10
Yoruba	80	45	35	30	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	135	50	85	195	105	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	285	135	150	5	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	285	130	150	5	0	0
Sign languages	115	60	60	145	75	70
American Sign Language	70	30	40	40	20	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	50	30	20	95	55	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	13,040	6,415	6,630	3,115	1,570	1,545
Chinese languages	12,665	6,215	6,455	3,085	1,555	1,530
Cantonese	2,200	1,075	1,125	440	225	210
Hakka	75	35	40	20	10	10
Mandarin	9,390	4,595	4,795	2,250	1,105	1,150
Min Dong	5	0	5	0	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	245	125	120	35	15	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	50	55	100	45	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	640	330	305	240	150	85
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	375	195	175	30	15	15
Burmese	140	70	70	0	0	5
Karenic languages	125	65	60	25	15	10
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	55	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,155	520	630	60	15	50
Lao	1,025	485	545	5	0	0
Thai	125	35	90	55	10	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	910	460	455	105	60	45
Azerbaijani	70	40	30	5	5	5
Turkish	785	400	390	75	50	30
Uyghur	10	5	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	5	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	10	5	5
Uralic languages	1,935	940	995	250	115	135
Estonian	95	45	50	20	5	10
Finnish	145	75	75	45	15	30
Hungarian	1,690	825	865	185	90	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	60	30	25	25	10	10
Multiple responses	10,010	4,920	5,090	9,290	4,440	4,855
English and French	1,240	590	645	7,285	3,470	3,815
English and non-official language	8,310	4,110	4,205	1,535	725	810
French and non-official language	230	110	115	330	175	155
English, French and non-official language	230	110	125	145	65	75
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	518,165	256,330	261,835	736,280	360,435	375,845
Single responses	494,910	244,945	249,970	724,940	355,025	369,910
Official languages	433,960	215,380	218,585	712,250	348,510	363,740
English	432,315	214,625	217,690	505,935	247,610	258,325
French	1,645	750	900	206,315	100,900	105,415
Non-official languages	60,950	29,570	31,380	12,690	6,515	6,175
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	820	400	420
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	820	395	420
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	815	395	420
Malecite	0	0	0	50	25	25
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	765	370	395
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60,945	29,565	31,380	11,870	6,115	5,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	6,380	3,130	3,250	2,285	1,210	1,075
Berber languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	800	360	440	20	10	10
Bilen	85	40	40	0	0	0
Oromo	55	20	30	0	0	0
Somali	655	295	360	20	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5,565	2,760	2,805	2,265	1,200	1,065
Amharic	525	245	285	20	10	10
Arabic	4,235	2,135	2,100	2,110	1,125	990
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	170	85	85	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	10	0	0	0
Hebrew	50	25	25	130	60	70
Maltese	10	5	0	0	0	5
Tigrigna	510	235	270	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,515	1,205	1,310	525	255	270
Khmer (Cambodian)	130	60	75	5	5	0
Vietnamese	2,380	1,150	1,235	520	250	270
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	775	330	445	510	235	270
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	15	40	15	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	60	30	30	15	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	640	270	370	450	215	235
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	85	40	45	65	25	35
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	20	25	20	0	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	45	20	20
Dravidian languages	920	485	435	110	60	45
Kannada	35	20	15	5	0	0
Malayalam	360	190	175	20	5	10
Tamil	360	190	170	35	20	20
Telugu	160	80	80	45	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	190	85	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	37,365	18,070	19,300	4,160	2,175	1,990
Albanian	540	280	260	30	15	10
Armenian	415	200	215	20	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	8,790	4,255	4,535	975	505	470
Baltic languages	15	10	10	35	20	15
Latvian	5	0	5	10	5	5
Lithuanian	10	5	5	25	15	10
Slavic languages	8,770	4,250	4,520	935	480	455
Belarusan	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	265	140	125	25	15	10
Bulgarian	65	30	30	5	5	0
Croatian	865	425	440	25	10	15
Czech	235	115	120	5	0	5
Macedonian	125	60	70	0	0	0
Polish	2,145	1,030	1,115	55	25	30
Russian	990	475	515	620	320	305
Serbian	3,235	1,590	1,640	80	45	35
Serbo-Croatian	230	105	120	5	5	5
Slovak	195	90	110	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	270	120	155	90	50	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,525	1,640	1,885	640	320	320
Afrikaans	30	15	15	35	15	20
Danish	10	10	5	5	5	5
Dutch	270	130	140	150	80	75
Frisian	0	5	0	5	0	5
German	3,175	1,470	1,705	425	215	210
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	10	10	5	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	470	210	260	45	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	11,910	5,940	5,975	1,140	595	545
Indo-Aryan languages	8,360	4,180	4,185	655	335	325
Bengali	530	270	260	130	70	60
Gujarati	1,675	825	845	40	15	20
Hindi	755	390	365	115	60	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	10	5	5	5	0
Marathi	65	35	35	20	10	10
Nepali	155	75	75	135	60	75
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,110	1,555	1,555	50	25	25
Sindhi	110	50	60	10	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	125	60	60	5	5	5
Urdu	1,805	900	910	140	75	70
Iranian languages	3,440	1,715	1,730	470	255	220
Kurdish	340	175	165	35	25	10
Pashto	620	305	310	15	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	2,490	1,240	1,255	425	225	195
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	110	50	60	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	11,715	5,535	6,180	1,305	705	600
Catalan	15	5	5	5	5	0
Italian	365	170	195	85	40	45
Portuguese	4,045	1,875	2,170	110	50	60
Romanian	2,690	1,300	1,390	290	145	140
Spanish	4,605	2,185	2,420	820	470	350
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	240	110	130	20	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,500	700	795	1,245	645	605
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	170	65	105	240	125	120
Akan (Twi)	15	5	10	10	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	20	15	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	10	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	20	15	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	10	5	5
Shona	25	10	15	5	0	5
Swahili	60	20	35	80	35	45
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	50	25	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	120	55	60	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	115	55	55	0	0	0
Sign languages	170	90	75	200	115	85
American Sign Language	80	45	40	55	30	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	90	50	40	150	90	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,975	4,450	4,525	2,390	1,210	1,175
Chinese languages	8,645	4,280	4,360	2,365	1,195	1,170
Cantonese	1,170	575	595	260	130	130
Hakka	40	15	20	5	0	0
Mandarin	6,885	3,405	3,475	1,855	930	920
Min Dong	0	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	30	35	15	10	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	35	30	85	40	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	420	220	205	140	80	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	330	170	160	25	15	10
Burmese	135	70	60	5	0	0
Karenic languages	120	60	55	20	10	10
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	560	260	295	10	0	5
Lao	510	240	270	0	0	0
Thai	50	15	30	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	430	215	210	30	15	10
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkish	390	195	190	25	15	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	520	255	270	70	35	40
Estonian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	5	5	5
Hungarian	500	245	250	55	30	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	23,250	11,385	11,865	11,345	5,415	5,925
English and French	680	310	370	7,275	3,370	3,905
English and non-official language	22,105	10,865	11,240	3,435	1,715	1,720
French and non-official language	60	25	35	340	185	160
English, French and non-official language	410	190	220	290	140	145
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	518,160	256,330	261,830	736,280	360,435	375,845
None	449,920	223,250	226,665	647,960	318,560	329,400
English	27,070	13,455	13,610	49,925	24,065	25,855
French	4,830	2,050	2,785	30,030	13,760	16,275
Non-official language	35,150	17,015	18,140	7,545	3,650	3,895
Aboriginal	50	15	40	1,300	625	685
Non-Aboriginal	35,100	17,000	18,100	6,240	3,030	3,210
English and French	190	85	110	180	90	90
English and non-official language	590	305	290	300	160	145
French and non-official language	395	170	225	335	155	185
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	423,860	208,350	215,515	620,390	301,645	318,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	406,690	200,510	206,180	594,705	289,220	305,485
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,709	43,368	29,686	30,961	37,516	25,796
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	406,740	200,515	206,225	594,920	289,245	305,680
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,331	38,405	27,336	28,107	33,169	23,945
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	369,000	185,895	183,105	516,780	259,945	256,835
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,879	43,567	27,605	28,444	34,830	23,278
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	284,065	126,545	157,520	439,645	193,975	245,675
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,462	1,315	4,870	8,164	9,210	7,321
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	313,565	163,080	150,485	423,915	219,135	204,780
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,532	44,444	30,007	29,124	34,784	24,769
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	423,860	208,350	215,515	620,395	301,650	318,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	406,950	200,585	206,360	594,650	289,140	305,510
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,844	55,818	38,121	39,141	46,154	32,504
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	407,000	200,600	206,400	594,870	289,165	305,700
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,944	45,307	32,760	33,022	38,151	28,171
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	368,900	185,805	183,095	516,685	259,855	256,830
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,308	55,994	36,479	37,432	44,240	30,543
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	284,395	126,935	157,460	440,195	194,240	245,955
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,963	6,245	7,543	8,938	9,519	8,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	313,570	163,045	150,525	423,915	218,800	205,110
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,319	54,848	37,081	37,611	43,456	31,376
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	423,860	208,350	215,515	620,390	301,645	318,745
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	161,500	92,075	69,425	197,290	104,215	93,075
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,659	60,702	47,343	46,349	52,010	41,058
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,143	73,195	54,463	54,011	60,796	46,415
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	89.6	92.9	84.9	83.2	86.2	79.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.1	79.8	70.8	68.5	71.3	64.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	10.4	7.0	15.1	16.8	13.8	21.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	423,860	208,345	215,515	620,390	301,650	318,745
Without total income	17,175	7,840	9,335	25,680	12,430	13,260
With total income	406,690	200,510	206,175	594,710	289,220	305,490
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.2	95.7	95.9	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	56,600	24,310	32,290	80,700	32,655	48,050
$10,000 to $19,999	64,805	25,450	39,350	109,015	40,415	68,600
$20,000 to $29,999	54,685	22,360	32,320	99,025	40,480	58,540
$30,000 to $39,999	47,170	21,005	26,170	83,770	41,360	42,405
$40,000 to $49,999	42,805	20,585	22,220	65,795	35,080	30,715
$50,000 to $59,999	34,390	18,540	15,850	44,810	26,560	18,250
$60,000 to $69,999	25,970	15,135	10,835	32,185	20,270	11,920
$70,000 to $79,999	19,400	11,875	7,525	24,565	14,130	10,430
$80,000 to $89,999	14,975	9,415	5,555	17,095	9,915	7,180
$90,000 to $99,999	13,195	7,865	5,335	10,240	6,980	3,260
$100,000 and over	32,700	23,970	8,730	27,515	21,380	6,135
$100,000 to $149,999	22,310	15,985	6,320	19,765	15,195	4,570
$150,000 and over	10,390	7,985	2,405	7,750	6,185	1,565
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	423,865	208,350	215,510	620,390	301,645	318,750
Without after-tax income	17,120	7,835	9,290	25,470	12,405	13,070
With after-tax income	406,740	200,515	206,230	594,920	289,240	305,680
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.2	95.7	95.9	95.9	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	57,970	24,695	33,275	83,590	33,140	50,455
$10,000 to $19,999	67,985	26,745	41,245	115,730	43,245	72,485
$20,000 to $29,999	63,730	26,475	37,250	118,940	51,335	67,610
$30,000 to $39,999	57,570	26,740	30,830	98,230	50,770	47,460
$40,000 to $49,999	49,280	25,740	23,535	67,470	38,665	28,810
$50,000 to $59,999	34,680	20,040	14,645	42,775	26,495	16,280
$60,000 to $69,999	24,065	15,020	9,045	28,790	16,435	12,355
$70,000 to $79,999	18,705	11,440	7,270	14,945	10,205	4,740
$80,000 and over	32,750	23,620	9,135	24,450	18,955	5,500
$80,000 to $89,999	11,010	7,445	3,565	8,385	6,340	2,040
$90,000 to $99,999	6,515	4,640	1,880	5,060	3,970	1,090
$100,000 and over	15,230	11,540	3,695	11,005	8,640	2,365
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	423,860	208,350	215,515	620,390	301,645	318,745
Without employment income	110,295	45,270	65,030	196,475	82,515	113,965
With employment income	313,565	163,080	150,485	423,910	219,140	204,775
Percentage with employment income	74.0	78.3	69.8	68.3	72.6	64.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	38,720	18,305	20,415	54,590	26,540	28,045
$5,000 to $9,999	24,355	10,535	13,820	36,840	15,720	21,120
$10,000 to $19,999	39,675	17,215	22,455	65,895	29,920	35,975
$20,000 to $29,999	32,420	13,900	18,515	59,240	25,955	33,280
$30,000 to $39,999	33,100	14,600	18,500	50,190	24,930	25,260
$40,000 to $49,999	31,865	15,775	16,085	42,140	22,160	19,980
$50,000 to $59,999	26,875	15,190	11,680	29,910	18,180	11,730
$60,000 to $69,999	20,305	12,280	8,025	23,390	14,620	8,770
$70,000 to $79,999	15,605	9,835	5,770	19,515	10,565	8,950
$80,000 and over	50,660	35,440	15,220	42,210	30,540	11,665
$80,000 to $89,999	12,745	8,205	4,540	13,190	7,840	5,345
$90,000 to $99,999	11,415	6,920	4,495	8,105	5,685	2,420
$100,000 and over	26,500	20,315	6,185	20,915	17,015	3,895
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,229	...	...	59,347	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,654	...	...	52,553	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	49,290	...	...	89,480	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,151	...	...	28,747	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,051	...	...	26,387	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	151,205	...	...	230,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,298	...	...	74,207	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,175	...	...	65,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	200,495	...	...	319,775	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,081	...	...	72,786	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,056	...	...	61,431	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	49,360	...	...	89,455	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,793	...	...	36,505	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,942	...	...	31,242	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	151,130	...	...	230,320	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,526	...	...	86,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,831	...	...	73,156	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	200,495	...	...	319,775	...	...
Under $5,000	3,080	...	...	3,940	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,070	...	...	7,800	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,465	...	...	6,835	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,890	...	...	17,765	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	7,335	...	...	16,400	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	6,640	...	...	16,335	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	7,430	...	...	17,830	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	7,860	...	...	16,875	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	7,920	...	...	15,365	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	7,945	...	...	14,845	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15,260	...	...	27,735	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,335	...	...	25,205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	13,745	...	...	22,750	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	12,660	...	...	19,415	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	11,970	...	...	16,030	...	...
$100,000 and over	71,895	...	...	74,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	23,765	...	...	29,535	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	16,485	...	...	18,605	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	17,880	...	...	17,050	...	...
$200,000 and over	13,770	...	...	9,460	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
Under $5,000	3,275	...	...	4,090	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	2,125	...	...	7,880	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,545	...	...	6,980	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,155	...	...	18,630	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,265	...	...	18,705	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,485	...	...	18,580	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	8,870	...	...	20,540	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,285	...	...	19,550	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,515	...	...	18,165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	9,495	...	...	17,920	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	18,185	...	...	32,930	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	17,015	...	...	29,175	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15,995	...	...	23,970	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	14,485	...	...	19,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	12,365	...	...	15,105	...	...
$100,000 and over	53,435	...	...	48,225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	22,680	...	...	25,135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	13,350	...	...	11,980	...	...
$150,000 and over	17,405	...	...	11,110	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	144,525	...	...	221,680	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,057	...	...	74,353	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,598	...	...	65,100	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	50,730	...	...	99,865	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,933	...	...	67,988	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,353	...	...	59,801	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	68,055	...	...	82,260	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,152	...	...	100,315	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,627	...	...	85,717	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	21,920	...	...	33,580	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,247	...	...	42,992	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,775	...	...	40,671	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	144,425	...	...	221,740	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,616	...	...	87,048	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,515	...	...	73,197	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	50,770	...	...	99,840	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,953	...	...	79,085	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,266	...	...	66,576	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	68,145	...	...	82,415	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,838	...	...	111,901	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,934	...	...	92,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	21,810	...	...	33,455	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,185	...	...	51,119	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,830	...	...	45,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	70,830	36,265	34,570	114,825	54,970	59,850
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,534	35,454	30,010	27,250	30,122	25,182
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,736	31,890	27,837	25,167	27,154	23,916
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	70,975	36,005	34,970	114,375	54,300	60,075
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	41,467	44,363	38,484	34,738	37,330	32,395
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,067	36,809	33,273	29,845	31,431	28,411
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	516,080	255,450	260,635	730,710	357,860	372,850
In the bottom half of the distribution	236,605	113,635	122,970	428,180	204,170	224,005
In the bottom decile	45,675	22,370	23,305	80,120	37,430	42,695
In the second decile	42,660	19,195	23,465	94,165	42,190	51,980
In the third decile	46,310	21,770	24,545	87,075	41,905	45,170
In the fourth decile	49,600	24,170	25,435	85,610	42,275	43,335
In the fifth decile	52,350	26,125	26,230	81,200	40,375	40,825
In the top half of the distribution	279,475	141,820	137,655	302,530	153,685	148,845
In the sixth decile	55,500	27,815	27,685	77,345	38,915	38,425
In the seventh decile	56,435	28,615	27,820	73,185	37,190	36,005
In the eighth decile	58,350	29,570	28,780	65,090	32,815	32,275
In the ninth decile	58,590	29,880	28,710	52,050	26,635	25,410
In the top decile	50,600	25,935	24,665	34,860	18,130	16,730
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	516,085	255,450	260,630	722,550	353,870	368,680
0 to 17 years	110,975	56,630	54,350	131,930	67,285	64,645
0 to 5 years	35,575	18,245	17,335	40,900	20,805	20,100
18 to 64 years	334,955	166,525	168,430	452,805	221,675	231,130
65 years and over	70,150	32,295	37,855	137,820	64,915	72,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	62,750	29,150	33,600	123,820	55,990	67,825
0 to 17 years	16,950	8,590	8,355	29,250	14,930	14,320
0 to 5 years	6,070	3,095	2,975	10,285	5,260	5,030
18 to 64 years	38,505	17,930	20,570	66,745	29,975	36,770
65 years and over	7,305	2,625	4,675	27,830	11,090	16,745
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	11.4	12.9	17.1	15.8	18.4
0 to 17 years (%)	15.3	15.2	15.4	22.2	22.2	22.2
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.0	17.2	25.1	25.3	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.8	12.2	14.7	13.5	15.9
65 years and over (%)	10.4	8.1	12.3	20.2	17.1	23.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	38,030	19,030	18,995	49,830	24,165	25,660
0 to 17 years	8,825	4,525	4,300	11,520	5,890	5,630
0 to 5 years	3,075	1,590	1,485	4,200	2,145	2,055
18 to 64 years	27,660	13,850	13,815	35,680	17,255	18,425
65 years and over	1,540	660	885	2,630	1,025	1,605
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.4	7.3	6.9	6.8	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	8.0	7.9	8.7	8.8	8.7
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.7	8.6	10.3	10.3	10.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.2	7.9	7.8	8.0
65 years and over (%)	2.2	2.0	2.3	1.9	1.6	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	516,085	255,450	260,630	730,710	357,855	372,850
Official languages	507,185	251,840	255,350	728,310	356,615	371,690
English	506,990	251,765	255,220	666,315	326,905	339,415
French	34,335	14,905	19,425	310,550	147,845	162,705
Non-official languages	142,870	69,695	73,170	34,880	17,355	17,525
Aboriginal languages	100	35	65	3,065	1,470	1,595
Algonquian languages	90	30	60	2,990	1,455	1,540
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	0	15	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	0	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	2,965	1,435	1,530
Malecite	0	0	0	720	335	385
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	2,265	1,115	1,150
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	30	40	15	15	0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0	10	0
Ojibway	60	25	35	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	55	10	45
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	45	10	40
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	142,770	69,665	73,105	31,865	15,915	15,955
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,310	6,345	5,965	4,355	2,385	1,980
Berber languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Kabyle	0	0	0	40	20	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20
Cushitic languages	1,530	785	740	15	10	0
Bilen	160	80	80	0	0	0
Oromo	85	40	45	0	0	0
Somali	1,190	610	575	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	115	70	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	11,035	5,680	5,355	4,300	2,340	1,960
Amharic	1,130	550	575	165	100	65
Arabic	8,665	4,500	4,170	3,685	2,030	1,660
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	275	155	125	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	380	225	150	435	205	230
Maltese	110	65	45	0	10	0
Tigrigna	1,040	460	580	50	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	15	15	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,840	2,310	2,535	835	430	400
Khmer (Cambodian)	310	130	180	10	0	0
Vietnamese	4,555	2,190	2,365	820	435	390
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,775	935	1,830	1,790	695	1,090
Bikol	0	0	10	10	0	10
Cebuano	95	15	80	185	70	115
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	55	15	45	35	10	30
Ilocano	90	25	65	50	10	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malay	340	150	190	75	20	55
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,355	765	1,590	1,595	625	970
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	10	10	20	15	0
Creole languages	470	240	225	430	195	235
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	50	20	30
Creole, n.o.s.	240	125	120	240	105	135
Creole languages, n.i.e.	235	120	115	140	75	65
Dravidian languages	2,395	1,290	1,105	435	245	195
Kannada	205	115	90	60	30	25
Malayalam	675	325	355	55	35	25
Tamil	1,215	675	540	190	115	75
Telugu	465	265	205	175	90	85
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	20	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	490	235	260	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	99,010	48,260	50,745	16,505	8,155	8,350
Albanian	1,045	580	470	80	45	35
Armenian	815	395	420	60	35	25
Balto-Slavic languages	21,045	10,090	10,955	2,065	1,100	965
Baltic languages	200	110	90	55	40	20
Latvian	135	75	60	20	10	10
Lithuanian	70	35	40	30	20	10
Slavic languages	20,865	10,000	10,870	2,025	1,070	955
Belarusan	75	30	45	10	0	0
Bosnian	815	390	425	75	40	40
Bulgarian	160	75	85	45	15	35
Croatian	3,200	1,545	1,660	95	45	55
Czech	940	470	465	115	65	45
Macedonian	345	150	195	35	25	10
Polish	5,845	2,705	3,140	320	165	160
Russian	2,565	1,150	1,415	1,200	630	570
Serbian	6,360	3,260	3,095	90	70	20
Serbo-Croatian	615	285	325	40	30	10
Slovak	765	390	375	45	15	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	310	140	170	15	10	0
Ukrainian	955	375	580	310	145	165
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	250	125	120	10	10	10
Celtic languages	90	50	45	140	40	100
Scottish Gaelic	45	20	25	95	20	75
Welsh	20	10	10	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	0	40	20	20
Germanic languages	18,125	8,320	9,810	4,745	2,360	2,380
Afrikaans	225	120	100	130	70	60
Danish	250	110	140	155	60	95
Dutch	2,975	1,260	1,715	1,185	560	625
Frisian	45	25	25	50	40	15
German	15,360	7,150	8,215	3,260	1,675	1,580
Icelandic	10	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	80	35	40	130	65	65
Swedish	140	100	45	110	45	60
Vlaams (Flemish)	65	30	35	40	20	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	115	60	55	0	0	0
Greek	1,805	910	890	220	125	95
Indo-Iranian languages	24,110	12,510	11,600	2,325	1,275	1,050
Indo-Aryan languages	18,980	9,910	9,075	1,570	875	695
Bengali	1,155	630	530	225	150	80
Gujarati	3,370	1,755	1,610	110	45	65
Hindi	6,585	3,475	3,110	790	430	355
Kashmiri	10	0	10	0	0	0
Konkani	70	40	30	0	0	0
Marathi	270	140	130	55	20	30
Nepali	380	205	175	185	90	95
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,770	3,550	3,220	205	130	75
Sindhi	370	175	195	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	390	190	205	35	10	20
Urdu	5,585	2,905	2,680	355	215	140
Iranian languages	5,595	2,840	2,755	805	430	375
Kurdish	835	415	420	130	65	60
Pashto	1,010	520	485	60	45	20
Persian (Farsi)	4,055	2,055	2,000	620	330	285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	325	145	180	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	34,560	16,595	17,970	7,600	3,540	4,055
Catalan	20	15	0	15	10	0
Italian	3,115	1,615	1,500	825	405	420
Portuguese	12,085	5,905	6,180	450	250	200
Romanian	6,715	3,220	3,495	555	290	265
Spanish	13,610	6,335	7,275	6,065	2,775	3,290
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	10	0	10
Japanese	845	435	410	430	190	240
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	2,205	1,070	1,135	1,695	860	835
Mongolic languages	20	15	10	10	10	10
Mongolian	20	20	10	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	1,115	580	530	1,525	890	640
Akan (Twi)	85	55	30	35	15	25
Bamanankan	0	0	0	155	70	85
Edo	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	100	85	15
Ga	10	10	0	10	10	0
Ganda	30	0	25	10	10	0
Igbo	95	70	25	60	50	15
Lingala	105	60	45	125	95	35
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	0	25	90	55	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	10	35	70	40	30
Shona	35	20	15	40	15	25
Swahili	380	180	200	355	185	170
Wolof	0	0	0	70	45	25
Yoruba	225	145	90	60	45	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	175	85	95	545	315	230
Nilo-Saharan languages	380	165	215	10	0	0
Dinka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	380	165	215	0	0	0
Sign languages	625	235	395	1,155	450	705
American Sign Language	460	150	305	425	150	280
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	175	90	90	745	305	435
Sino-Tibetan languages	14,755	7,325	7,430	3,585	1,885	1,700
Chinese languages	14,345	7,115	7,230	3,510	1,855	1,660
Cantonese	3,140	1,530	1,610	610	285	320
Hakka	155	65	95	0	0	0
Mandarin	11,100	5,460	5,640	2,760	1,455	1,310
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	365	180	190	60	30	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	150	85	70	140	65	75
Chinese, n.o.s.	785	410	370	310	195	115
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	40	10	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	435	230	205	70	30	40
Burmese	165	80	80	0	0	0
Karenic languages	120	60	60	65	25	45
Tibetan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	275	140	135	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,200	555	640	85	20	65
Lao	1,070	505	565	10	0	10
Thai	190	65	125	80	20	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	1,480	790	690	175	105	75
Azerbaijani	150	100	50	0	0	0
Turkish	1,290	690	600	165	105	60
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	45	20	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	10	0	10
Uralic languages	2,240	1,105	1,135	270	130	140
Estonian	160	85	70	20	15	0
Finnish	145	70	75	35	15	20
Hungarian	1,945	955	990	220	105	115
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	140	80	60	100	70	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	516,085	255,450	260,630	730,710	357,855	372,855
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	482,350	238,765	243,590	710,775	347,905	362,875
Canadian citizens aged under 18	106,590	54,380	52,210	130,785	66,795	63,990
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	375,760	184,380	191,380	579,995	281,110	298,880
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	33,730	16,690	17,040	19,925	9,950	9,980
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	516,085	255,450	260,630	730,710	357,855	372,850
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	388,140	192,900	195,235	692,535	339,090	353,445
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	118,615	57,530	61,080	33,810	16,175	17,640
Before 1981	35,935	17,345	18,590	11,545	5,265	6,275
1981 to 1990	15,710	7,735	7,970	2,735	1,340	1,390
1991 to 2000	23,745	11,620	12,130	2,975	1,490	1,490
2001 to 2010	29,250	14,050	15,195	7,235	3,530	3,710
2001 to 2005	14,590	7,025	7,570	2,435	1,110	1,330
2006 to 2010	14,655	7,030	7,630	4,800	2,415	2,385
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	13,975	6,780	7,195	9,330	4,560	4,770
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	9,335	5,025	4,310	4,360	2,590	1,770
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	118,615	57,530	61,080	33,815	16,175	17,635
Under 5 years	13,700	6,940	6,760	5,135	2,350	2,790
5 to 14 years	23,895	12,460	11,435	7,290	3,585	3,705
15 to 24 years	25,560	11,440	14,125	5,790	2,525	3,265
25 to 44 years	47,195	22,990	24,205	12,640	6,100	6,535
45 years and over	8,265	3,700	4,565	2,955	1,615	1,340
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	118,615	57,530	61,085	33,815	16,175	17,635
Americas	17,455	8,000	9,460	9,420	4,205	5,210
Brazil	500	225	275	55	20	30
Colombia	1,640	745	895	215	85	130
El Salvador	1,960	915	1,045	115	85	30
Guyana	2,305	1,045	1,260	80	40	45
Haiti	40	20	15	170	70	100
Jamaica	1,920	960	965	120	85	40
Mexico	985	460	525	160	50	110
Peru	185	85	100	60	35	25
Trinidad and Tobago	680	305	380	115	70	40
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,890	1,585	2,305	7,620	3,315	4,305
Other places of birth in Americas	3,355	1,645	1,705	715	355	360
Europe	51,440	24,950	26,490	10,985	5,335	5,650
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,160	1,635	1,520	100	55	50
Croatia	2,100	1,040	1,065	60	35	25
France	340	175	165	760	425	340
Germany	4,680	2,165	2,510	1,615	740	880
Greece	580	260	315	95	60	40
Hungary	805	390	420	100	35	65
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	425	210	220	160	75	85
Italy	1,145	650	490	210	125	85
Netherlands	1,725	815	900	975	505	465
Poland	4,260	1,975	2,290	195	90	100
Portugal	7,160	3,450	3,710	130	85	45
Romania	5,105	2,420	2,680	485	245	240
Russian Federation	780	350	430	245	115	135
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	2,525	1,275	1,250	30	25	10
Ukraine	740	335	405	250	120	130
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	11,245	5,520	5,725	4,600	2,160	2,445
Other places of birth in Europe	4,675	2,290	2,390	970	455	515
Africa	7,235	3,640	3,600	2,565	1,420	1,140
Algeria	60	30	25	165	90	75
Egypt	1,185	630	560	120	75	45
Ethiopia	955	480	475	120	65	60
Kenya	420	200	225	60	30	30
Morocco	45	25	25	200	120	75
Nigeria	310	185	125	115	65	50
Somalia	720	335	380	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	500	250	250	165	85	80
Other places of birth in Africa	3,045	1,510	1,530	1,615	885	725
Asia	42,130	20,760	21,370	10,625	5,105	5,520
Afghanistan	1,290	585	705	20	10	0
Bangladesh	690	360	325	100	55	50
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	6,380	3,025	3,355	2,210	1,040	1,175
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	785	445	340	120	60	55
India	8,575	4,400	4,180	820	435	380
IranCensus data footnote 61	1,580	860	720	490	260	230
Iraq	1,950	1,005	950	70	25	45
Japan	150	45	105	90	15	75
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,460	765	695	1,495	775	720
Lebanon	640	330	310	390	225	165
Pakistan	3,780	1,975	1,810	225	130	95
Philippines	2,445	905	1,535	1,340	475	870
Sri Lanka	910	450	460	40	15	30
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,660	850	810	1,225	605	620
Taiwan	460	225	225	80	25	55
Viet Nam	3,345	1,565	1,785	720	355	365
Other places of birth in Asia	6,040	2,985	3,060	1,195	600	595
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	350	185	165	220	110	110
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	13,975	6,780	7,195	9,325	4,555	4,775
Americas	1,735	805	935	900	430	475
Brazil	55	25	25	20	10	10
Colombia	270	100	175	40	20	15
Cuba	85	35	55	10	10	10
Haiti	20	10	10	45	15	30
Jamaica	165	105	65	40	25	10
Mexico	125	60	65	25	10	20
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	565	230	330	585	285	300
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	40	15	20	25	10	20
Other places of birth in Americas	415	225	190	110	45	70
Europe	1,715	825	890	1,405	695	710
France	40	25	15	300	165	130
Germany	125	60	60	85	45	45
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	60	35	25	30	15	15
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	30	10	15	25	10	20
Romania	260	105	150	245	130	120
Russian Federation	85	30	55	90	35	55
Ukraine	70	30	45	100	50	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	275	170	110	240	145	100
Other places of birth in Europe	775	360	415	280	105	180
Africa	1,550	765	785	975	550	425
Algeria	10	10	0	15	20	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	45	35	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	155	75	80
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	10	0	0
Egypt	290	135	155	40	20	20
Eritrea	340	160	180	35	15	25
Ethiopia	225	95	130	45	20	25
Morocco	0	0	0	40	30	10
Nigeria	105	70	40	40	15	25
Somalia	205	100	105	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	80	30	45	35	20	15
Tunisia	10	10	0	50	30	20
Other places of birth in Africa	265	150	115	455	265	185
Asia	8,935	4,350	4,580	6,015	2,865	3,150
Afghanistan	235	75	155	0	0	0
Bangladesh	135	50	90	25	10	15
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	1,395	665	730	1,390	690	700
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	25	0	15	10	10	0
India	1,835	1,010	820	265	140	125
IranCensus data footnote 61	495	270	220	255	130	125
Iraq	850	485	365	45	20	25
Israel	40	25	15	200	90	110
Japan	20	0	20	15	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	160	65	95	600	290	310
Lebanon	65	30	35	130	75	55
Nepal	75	30	45	45	15	35
Pakistan	620	295	330	70	40	30
Philippines	600	180	420	925	345	580
Saudi Arabia	110	80	40	45	40	10
Sri Lanka	90	40	50	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,050	540	510	1,145	550	595
Taiwan	75	40	30	10	0	0
Turkey	95	65	35	45	40	10
United Arab Emirates	60	20	40	30	20	10
Viet Nam	260	100	160	500	250	255
Other places of birth in Asia	635	270	365	265	100	160
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	45	40	0	40	25	15
Australia	25	20	0	20	10	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	15	15	0	20	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	516,080	255,455	260,630	730,710	357,855	372,850
First generationCensus data footnote 69	130,375	63,880	66,495	41,395	20,445	20,955
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	108,125	54,565	53,560	43,370	21,150	22,220
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	277,580	137,005	140,580	645,945	316,270	329,675
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	84,495	41,040	43,455	22,665	11,085	11,575
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	35,760	18,700	17,055	13,205	6,735	6,470
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	13,050	9,525	3,525	5,115	3,595	1,520
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	22,715	9,180	13,530	8,090	3,140	4,950
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	24,180	9,600	14,580	6,100	2,625	3,475
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	23,845	12,425	11,420	3,240	1,675	1,570
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	710	310	395	110	55	60
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	516,085	255,455	260,630	730,710	357,860	372,855
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	8,885	4,270	4,610	29,385	14,690	14,695
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	8,430	4,045	4,385	28,160	14,120	14,040
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,450	2,565	2,885	17,575	8,555	9,015
Métis	2,815	1,400	1,415	10,200	5,370	4,835
Inuk (Inuit)	165	75	85	385	190	190
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	175	115	60	470	210	260
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	280	115	165	750	360	390
Non-Aboriginal identity	507,200	251,180	256,020	701,325	343,170	358,155
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	516,080	255,455	260,635	730,705	357,855	372,850
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	2,560	1,220	1,340	14,305	7,085	7,225
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	513,520	254,230	259,295	716,405	350,775	365,625
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	516,085	255,450	260,630	730,710	357,860	372,850
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	1,375	645	725	12,785	6,335	6,450
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	1,345	625	720	12,495	6,175	6,320
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	1,060	490	565	10,635	5,200	5,435
Métis single ancestry	255	130	125	1,695	900	800
Inuit single ancestry	30	0	25	165	75	85
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	30	20	10	290	165	130
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	20	0	235	125	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	13,630	6,520	7,105	33,795	16,295	17,500
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	13,305	6,385	6,925	32,505	15,690	16,815
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,065	4,790	5,275	24,255	11,640	12,615
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,935	1,425	1,510	7,765	3,810	3,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	165	145	480	240	245
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	325	135	185	1,295	600	690
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	120	160	1,165	540	630
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	20	60	30	30
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	40	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	501,080	248,285	252,795	684,125	335,230	348,895
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	516,085	255,450	260,630	730,710	357,855	372,850
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	99,735	50,115	49,620	24,535	12,470	12,070
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	26,635	13,975	12,670	2,535	1,385	1,150
Chinese	15,940	7,890	8,050	3,925	1,970	1,955
Black	15,110	7,795	7,315	7,000	3,540	3,460
Filipino	3,535	1,430	2,105	1,980	835	1,145
Latin American	9,100	4,390	4,705	1,285	650	635
Arab	7,105	3,700	3,400	2,960	1,650	1,310
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	8,175	3,920	4,255	1,230	600	630
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	4,335	2,195	2,145	730	415	320
Korean	2,460	1,240	1,225	1,685	885	800
Japanese	760	330	425	230	70	160
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	3,270	1,605	1,665	305	135	175
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	3,305	1,650	1,655	675	345	330
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	416,345	205,335	211,015	706,170	345,385	360,785
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	516,085	255,455	260,630	730,705	357,860	372,850
North American Aboriginal origins	15,005	7,165	7,835	46,585	22,625	23,955
First Nations (North American Indian)	11,465	5,435	6,030	36,405	17,570	18,840
Inuit	380	190	190	830	420	410
Métis	3,510	1,700	1,810	10,960	5,435	5,530
Other North American origins	136,690	67,525	69,165	428,865	209,615	219,250
Acadian	595	240	355	29,505	14,455	15,060
American	5,805	2,905	2,895	7,175	3,575	3,605
Canadian	131,890	65,140	66,755	407,370	199,020	208,350
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	240	135	105
Newfoundlander	1,245	620	620	445	190	250
Nova Scotian	100	40	55	65	40	25
Ontarian	60	35	30	0	0	10
Québécois	150	85	65	770	410	365
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	15	10	10	20	20	0
European origins	365,075	179,270	185,800	424,850	206,715	218,135
British Isles origins	215,920	105,220	110,700	314,655	151,970	162,690
Channel Islander	35	30	10	125	45	85
Cornish	10	10	0	45	25	20
English	120,810	58,590	62,215	168,205	80,795	87,415
Irish	89,590	42,255	47,335	147,245	69,515	77,730
Manx	85	40	45	45	40	10
Scottish	93,055	44,835	48,220	134,455	64,400	70,055
Welsh	8,855	4,235	4,620	10,110	4,825	5,290
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,325	7,245	8,080	10,640	4,885	5,755
French origins	46,530	22,370	24,160	163,270	79,105	84,165
Alsatian	300	130	165	15	10	0
Breton	10	10	0	55	30	30
Corsican	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	46,250	22,245	24,005	163,245	79,090	84,155
Western European origins (except French origins)	137,830	67,325	70,500	49,825	24,100	25,725
Austrian	4,285	2,110	2,175	1,000	530	475
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,935	975	960	1,470	650	815
Dutch	25,200	12,325	12,875	15,230	7,290	7,945
Flemish	210	110	95	100	65	40
Frisian	90	50	40	40	25	15
German	112,330	54,885	57,445	34,205	16,575	17,630
Luxembourger	75	50	30	0	10	0
Swiss	7,575	3,730	3,845	1,145	545	595
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	20	15	10	35	20	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,460	4,665	4,790	10,400	5,080	5,320
Danish	2,110	1,005	1,110	3,960	1,885	2,075
Finnish	1,860	940	920	465	235	225
Icelandic	470	230	245	250	135	115
Norwegian	2,420	1,225	1,200	3,330	1,650	1,680
Swedish	2,490	1,180	1,310	2,010	1,010	1,005
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	675	390	290	820	410	410
Eastern European origins	63,090	30,545	32,545	11,590	5,600	5,995
Bulgarian	415	190	220	155	60	100
Byelorussian	390	175	220	85	45	40
Czech	2,465	1,195	1,270	435	215	225
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	585	240	350	175	80	100
Estonian	535	265	270	100	35	60
Hungarian	8,520	4,180	4,335	1,280	615	665
Latvian	605	315	295	185	105	80
Lithuanian	1,070	555	515	325	165	160
Moldovan	130	50	80	35	20	15
Polish	25,085	12,295	12,790	3,445	1,670	1,780
Romanian	9,690	4,560	5,135	945	485	460
Russian	6,810	3,205	3,605	2,260	1,015	1,245
Slovak	2,060	1,035	1,025	250	130	125
Ukrainian	12,990	6,235	6,750	3,535	1,750	1,785
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	200	100	100	70	25	45
Southern European origins	64,710	32,605	32,105	13,450	6,560	6,890
Albanian	1,190	650	540	120	65	55
Bosnian	1,365	690	675	120	65	55
Catalan	0	10	0	10	10	0
Croatian	4,915	2,420	2,495	310	120	190
Cypriot	645	325	315	30	20	10
Greek	3,885	1,965	1,920	950	485	465
Italian	18,650	9,575	9,075	7,460	3,615	3,845
Kosovar	120	60	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	870	365	505	80	35	45
Maltese	760	390	365	115	45	65
Montenegrin	180	85	95	20	20	0
Portuguese	21,240	10,720	10,520	1,785	840	945
Serbian	7,215	3,685	3,530	130	90	35
Sicilian	130	90	45	15	10	0
Slovenian	1,250	620	635	130	60	60
Spanish	5,490	2,530	2,955	2,555	1,220	1,330
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,580	785	795	120	55	65
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	20	15	10	20	10	10
Other European origins	2,285	1,150	1,135	1,805	960	840
Basque	75	25	50	90	50	40
Jewish	1,175	600	575	785	410	375
Roma (Gypsy)	45	20	25	30	20	15
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	95	45	55	30	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	915	475	440	875	480	395
Caribbean origins	9,855	4,985	4,870	2,275	1,045	1,230
Antiguan	50	25	20	0	0	0
Bahamian	45	15	35	35	15	15
Barbadian	820	415	405	100	60	40
Bermudan	125	45	80	130	40	90
Carib	30	25	10	10	0	0
Cuban	650	270	370	235	135	100
Dominican	255	145	115	80	35	40
Grenadian	190	100	95	20	0	15
Guadeloupean	10	10	0	35	20	15
Haitian	105	55	55	305	140	160
Jamaican	5,220	2,685	2,540	750	350	395
Kittitian/Nevisian	75	40	30	10	10	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	65	35	35	85	40	40
St. Lucian	130	65	60	15	10	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,360	695	665	150	70	75
Vincentian/Grenadinian	170	80	95	45	10	35
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,055	505	555	245	110	135
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	235	115	120	185	65	120
Latin, Central and South American origins	13,530	6,480	7,050	2,135	1,110	1,025
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	370	180	190	65	40	25
Arawak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	210	90	120	30	10	20
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bolivian	45	10	35	55	35	20
Brazilian	660	310	345	60	15	45
Chilean	410	185	225	95	40	55
Colombian	2,400	1,105	1,290	265	105	160
Costa Rican	60	30	25	30	15	15
Ecuadorian	260	135	125	30	20	10
Guatemalan	635	310	330	125	40	85
Guyanese	2,615	1,275	1,340	115	50	70
Hispanic	335	170	165	75	35	35
Honduran	140	85	55	50	20	25
Maya	140	90	60	90	45	45
Mexican	1,605	755	845	700	395	300
Nicaraguan	620	330	290	20	20	0
Panamanian	50	25	25	15	15	0
Paraguayan	40	0	30	0	0	0
Peruvian	345	195	150	90	45	45
Salvadorean	2,335	1,110	1,225	135	95	40
Uruguayan	45	20	30	10	0	0
Venezuelan	345	150	190	60	35	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	700	315	375	110	65	50
African origins	12,815	6,565	6,250	6,705	3,535	3,170
Central and West African origins	1,425	805	620	1,835	1,045	790
Akan	10	10	10	20	10	10
Angolan	20	20	0	25	10	10
Ashanti	10	10	10	0	0	0
Beninese	20	10	10	0	10	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	75	50	30
Cameroonian	50	10	35	150	110	40
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	185	105	85	415	250	165
Edo	10	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	225	105	120	90	55	35
Guinean	10	0	0	175	125	50
Ibo	65	25	40	80	55	25
Ivorian	10	10	0	60	30	30
Liberian	70	40	25	80	45	35
Malian	0	10	0	125	55	65
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	590	355	235	230	115	115
Peulh	0	0	10	40	25	20
Senegalese	10	0	10	105	45	60
Sierra Leonean	40	25	20	20	0	20
Togolese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	120	75	45	50	25	25
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	140	55	80	225	135	90
North African origins	3,415	1,810	1,610	1,200	705	495
Algerian	110	65	45	190	90	90
Berber	10	10	10	180	105	70
Coptic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	1,970	1,035	940	210	130	80
Libyan	165	95	65	185	85	100
Maure	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	175	85	85	365	255	115
Sudanese	975	495	475	15	10	10
Tunisian	45	30	10	140	80	60
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	25	20	0	15	10	10
Southern and East African origins	5,395	2,660	2,730	1,050	565	485
Afrikaner	20	20	10	0	0	0
Amhara	35	25	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	25	20	10	30	25	0
Burundian	35	10	25	105	55	50
Djiboutian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrean	1,400	675	730	115	80	40
Ethiopian	1,365	650	705	180	105	70
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	90	55	35	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	60	20	35
Mauritian	80	45	35	0	10	0
Oromo	35	15	15	30	10	20
Rwandan	80	35	50	105	50	55
Seychellois	15	10	10	10	0	10
Somali	1,500	780	715	30	25	0
South African	515	220	295	225	95	130
Tanzanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Tigrian	75	40	30	0	0	0
Ugandan	70	25	45	25	15	15
Zambian	10	0	10	25	10	15
Zimbabwean	75	35	40	60	30	30
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	270	140	135	80	40	40
Other African origins	2,975	1,490	1,490	2,850	1,360	1,485
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	350	135	210	385	140	245
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	2,645	1,360	1,285	2,475	1,225	1,245
Asian origins	77,160	38,655	38,505	19,410	9,775	9,635
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	16,345	8,390	7,955	6,835	3,590	3,240
Afghan	2,200	1,055	1,145	25	10	20
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	1,430	795	635	590	300	295
Armenian	1,275	675	600	115	60	50
Assyrian	155	85	65	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	155	70	80	10	0	10
Georgian	70	25	50	10	10	10
Hazara	55	35	15	0	0	0
Iranian	2,395	1,285	1,105	665	365	305
Iraqi	1,575	825	750	105	50	55
Israeli	175	100	80	175	85	90
Jordanian	385	190	200	180	105	75
Kazakh	15	10	0	0	10	0
Kurd	780	400	380	80	45	30
Kuwaiti	45	25	15	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	15	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,685	815	875	2,825	1,435	1,395
Palestinian	1,000	500	495	75	40	30
Pashtun	275	135	140	20	10	10
Saudi Arabian	185	110	75	85	65	20
Syrian	1,685	860	820	1,685	865	825
Tajik	160	80	80	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	10	25	10	15
Turk	1,595	810	790	235	150	85
Turkmen	50	20	35	10	15	0
Uighur	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	55	15	35	40	25	10
Yemeni	30	20	10	35	20	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	590	295	290	50	35	15
South Asian origins	27,520	14,320	13,205	2,975	1,590	1,385
Bangladeshi	660	350	305	150	95	55
Bengali	260	135	125	50	40	10
Bhutanese	135	75	60	35	20	15
East Indian	19,295	10,025	9,270	2,150	1,105	1,045
Goan	50	20	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	290	145	145	0	0	0
Kashmiri	45	25	20	10	0	0
Nepali	335	185	150	160	75	90
Pakistani	4,300	2,290	2,015	255	160	100
Punjabi	1,615	830	785	45	35	15
Sinhalese	245	115	125	15	0	10
Sri Lankan	870	460	410	100	45	55
Tamil	320	155	160	25	15	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,360	700	655	85	50	35
East and Southeast Asian origins	33,915	16,275	17,640	9,640	4,610	5,030
Burmese	605	290	310	25	15	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	485	225	260	60	30	30
Chinese	18,680	9,260	9,425	4,480	2,230	2,250
Filipino	4,070	1,670	2,395	2,130	870	1,265
Hmong	550	280	270	0	0	0
Indonesian	420	200	215	100	30	65
Japanese	1,025	455	570	305	115	185
Karen	85	45	40	65	30	35
Korean	2,570	1,305	1,270	1,675	875	795
Laotian	1,680	815	865	0	10	0
Malaysian	150	90	60	30	15	15
Mongolian	85	45	40	45	30	15
Singaporean	30	25	10	10	10	0
Taiwanese	310	145	165	60	30	30
Thai	395	160	235	100	30	70
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5,515	2,715	2,805	885	450	435
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	190	95	95	10	0	10
Other Asian origins	440	215	225	110	70	45
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	440	215	230	115	65	45
Oceania origins	740	390	350	470	210	260
Australian	485	255	230	290	120	165
New Zealander	150	100	50	135	70	70
Pacific Islands origins	100	35	65	55	30	20
Fijian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	0	10	30	10	15
Maori	10	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	10	0	10	10	0	10
Samoan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	15	10	10	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
Owner	136,145	...	...	238,040	...	...
Renter	64,355	...	...	79,865	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	1,865	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
Condominium	21,785	...	...	10,580	...	...
Not condominium	178,710	...	...	309,195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	200,495	...	...	319,775	...	...
No bedrooms	545	...	...	680	...	...
1 bedroom	21,930	...	...	28,370	...	...
2 bedrooms	42,440	...	...	88,115	...	...
3 bedrooms	87,165	...	...	125,865	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	48,415	...	...	76,745	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	45,170	...	...	66,540	...	...
5 rooms	28,780	...	...	56,365	...	...
6 rooms	32,915	...	...	54,070	...	...
7 rooms	29,095	...	...	45,825	...	...
8 or more rooms	64,530	...	...	96,970	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
One person or fewer per room	197,420	...	...	318,195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	3,075	...	...	1,575	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
Suitable	191,555	...	...	312,370	...	...
Not suitable	8,945	...	...	7,405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
1960 or before	40,530	...	...	76,690	...	...
1961 to 1980	57,055	...	...	98,720	...	...
1981 to 1990	29,330	...	...	45,630	...	...
1991 to 2000	27,320	...	...	39,825	...	...
2001 to 2005	18,415	...	...	19,090	...	...
2006 to 2010	15,310	...	...	22,530	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	12,535	...	...	17,290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	190,425	...	...	293,155	...	...
Major repairs needed	10,070	...	...	26,625	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	200,495	...	...	319,770	...	...
1 household maintainer	108,870	...	...	195,585	...	...
2 household maintainers	85,955	...	...	120,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	5,670	...	...	3,995	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	200,495	...	...	319,775	...	...
15 to 24 years	7,505	...	...	10,375	...	...
25 to 34 years	31,540	...	...	38,585	...	...
35 to 44 years	36,570	...	...	50,050	...	...
45 to 54 years	43,280	...	...	61,860	...	...
55 to 64 years	37,845	...	...	68,145	...	...
65 to 74 years	25,095	...	...	53,435	...	...
75 to 84 years	13,650	...	...	27,655	...	...
85 years and over	5,020	...	...	9,675	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	199,640	...	...	314,325	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	152,655	...	...	261,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	46,985	...	...	52,935	...	...
30% to less than 100%	40,905	...	...	47,190	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	135,570	...	...	235,950	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.9	...	...	55.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	14.6	...	...	10.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,344	...	...	741	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,381	...	...	876	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	349,737	...	...	150,010	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	393,896	...	...	170,071	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	64,310	...	...	79,370	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.1	...	...	14.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	42.3	...	...	36.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	992	...	...	704	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,051	...	...	741	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	423,865	208,350	215,510	620,395	301,650	318,745
No certificate, diploma or degree	77,185	38,430	38,755	136,745	71,600	65,140
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	122,855	61,195	61,660	176,750	85,345	91,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	223,825	108,730	115,100	306,895	144,700	162,200
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	26,905	19,305	7,600	56,595	39,965	16,630
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	12,300	7,460	4,840	29,630	17,320	12,315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	14,605	11,850	2,760	26,965	22,645	4,320
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	89,735	38,755	50,970	135,065	56,055	79,005
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,150	3,445	3,700	11,610	3,995	7,620
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	100,035	47,210	52,825	103,630	44,685	58,945
Bachelor's degree	66,380	30,075	36,305	73,330	30,165	43,165
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	5,995	2,655	3,340	6,735	2,795	3,935
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,225	1,235	990	2,755	1,600	1,160
Master's degree	20,460	9,885	10,570	17,745	8,170	9,585
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	4,980	3,360	1,620	3,065	1,955	1,110
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	282,335	139,050	143,280	400,785	194,715	206,070
No certificate, diploma or degree	31,420	16,830	14,590	55,645	32,390	23,260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	73,420	37,200	36,220	114,330	56,430	57,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	177,495	85,025	92,470	230,810	105,890	124,915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,080	13,755	5,325	37,710	26,335	11,375
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	8,730	5,285	3,440	19,900	11,430	8,475
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	10,350	8,470	1,880	17,805	14,905	2,900
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	71,620	31,170	40,450	104,595	43,695	60,900
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,115	2,455	2,660	7,685	2,660	5,020
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	81,680	37,640	44,040	80,825	33,195	47,625
Bachelor's degree	53,140	23,765	29,370	57,560	23,115	34,450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,910	2,070	2,835	5,160	1,920	3,240
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,775	870	905	2,190	1,110	1,080
Master's degree	17,790	8,320	9,470	13,730	5,770	7,960
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	4,065	2,615	1,455	2,190	1,285	905
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	423,860	208,345	215,510	620,395	301,645	318,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	200,035	99,620	100,415	313,495	156,945	156,545
Education	11,560	2,610	8,945	25,570	6,725	18,845
13. Education	11,560	2,610	8,950	25,565	6,720	18,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	7,795	3,355	4,435	6,140	2,800	3,335
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,405	980	420	1,155	905	250
50. Visual and performing arts	6,390	2,380	4,010	4,990	1,900	3,085
Humanities	14,695	5,505	9,195	12,430	5,245	7,190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,180	265	915	1,040	255	785
23. English language and literature/letters	3,895	1,025	2,870	2,395	715	1,675
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,115	975	2,140	3,055	1,065	1,990
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	120	45	75	55	20	35
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,215	605	610	725	455	270
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,985	1,155	835	2,150	1,325	825
54. History	2,435	1,315	1,120	2,190	1,185	1,005
55. French language and literature/letters	755	115	635	830	220	605
Social and behavioural sciences and law	27,310	8,555	18,750	23,780	6,945	16,835
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	310	65	250	190	35	155
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,945	1,105	1,840	1,725	710	1,015
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	5,115	365	4,745	6,015	305	5,710
22. Legal professions and studies	3,325	960	2,360	3,935	1,325	2,615
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	620	150	470	420	95	325
42. Psychology	4,960	1,245	3,715	5,075	1,355	3,725
45. Social sciences	10,035	4,665	5,370	6,420	3,120	3,300
Business, management and public administration	42,880	16,840	26,035	67,605	19,470	48,135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	90	25	65	230	35	190
44. Public administration and social service professions	4,025	715	3,315	5,670	1,010	4,660
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	38,760	16,100	22,660	61,705	18,425	43,285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	9,335	4,690	4,645	7,625	3,930	3,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,720	1,535	2,190	3,320	1,525	1,800
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,070	980	1,095	1,845	825	1,025
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	90	15	75	130	30	100
40. Physical sciences	3,080	2,020	1,060	1,720	1,265	455
41. Science technologies/technicians	375	140	235	610	285	325
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	12,700	8,420	4,280	11,275	7,185	4,095
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	8,615	6,020	2,595	9,975	6,640	3,335
25. Library science	525	95	430	620	95	525
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,165	2,005	1,155	620	395	225
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	395	290	105	55	45	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	49,670	44,680	4,995	70,800	67,070	3,735
04. Architecture and related services	1,615	995	620	500	365	140
14. Engineering	13,185	10,685	2,505	8,020	7,015	1,010
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10,685	9,550	1,140	13,010	11,575	1,430
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	7,790	7,575	215	18,910	18,555	350
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,820	8,610	210	20,075	19,570	505
48. Precision production	7,570	7,270	300	10,290	9,985	300
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,105	2,365	1,735	6,370	4,715	1,650
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,335	1,315	1,025	2,970	1,840	1,130
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,770	1,055	715	3,395	2,875	520
Health and related fields	30,150	5,225	24,930	49,795	7,490	42,305
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,490	1,495	2,000	2,770	1,325	1,445
51. Health professions and related programs	26,040	3,365	22,675	46,160	5,600	40,550
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	620	365	255	870	565	305
Personal, protective and transportation services	13,255	6,435	6,820	25,460	13,110	12,355
12. Personal and culinary services	7,240	1,930	5,305	13,835	2,735	11,095
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	25	0	105	95	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	85	65	20	390	355	40
43. Security and protective services	4,060	2,770	1,290	4,665	3,795	875
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,850	1,650	200	6,465	6,135	325
Other	375	45	330	50	25	25
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	375	45	330	45	25	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	282,335	139,055	143,280	400,780	194,710	206,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	104,840	54,025	50,815	169,970	88,820	81,150
Education	8,615	1,855	6,760	16,350	3,830	12,520
13. Education	8,615	1,850	6,760	16,350	3,835	12,515
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,100	2,540	3,555	4,690	2,140	2,550
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	990	725	265	830	630	200
50. Visual and performing arts	5,110	1,815	3,295	3,860	1,510	2,350
Humanities	10,995	3,960	7,040	8,810	3,450	5,360
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	890	135	755	820	195	625
23. English language and literature/letters	3,025	755	2,270	1,725	490	1,235
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,290	725	1,570	2,125	650	1,475
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	70	20	50	35	10	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	875	430	445	500	295	215
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,415	835	575	1,460	860	595
54. History	1,890	995	890	1,630	855	775
55. French language and literature/letters	530	50	485	520	100	420
Social and behavioural sciences and law	21,810	6,605	15,205	18,970	5,210	13,760
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	245	40	205	135	20	115
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,485	935	1,560	1,500	630	870
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,000	255	3,750	4,685	235	4,450
22. Legal professions and studies	2,820	750	2,070	3,280	940	2,340
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	465	115	350	335	70	260
42. Psychology	3,830	875	2,955	4,015	980	3,035
45. Social sciences	7,955	3,635	4,320	5,015	2,330	2,680
Business, management and public administration	35,205	13,530	21,675	52,915	15,055	37,860
30.16 Accounting and computer science	90	20	70	215	40	175
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,425	590	2,840	4,505	735	3,770
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	31,690	12,920	18,775	48,190	14,280	33,915
Physical and life sciences and technologies	7,190	3,555	3,630	5,620	2,710	2,905
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,930	1,175	1,755	2,580	1,135	1,445
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,545	745	795	1,275	540	730
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	75	10	65	110	20	95
40. Physical sciences	2,350	1,520	825	1,185	820	370
41. Science technologies/technicians	285	100	185	465	195	270
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	11,080	7,385	3,695	9,710	6,285	3,425
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	7,825	5,480	2,350	8,815	5,910	2,905
25. Library science	430	70	360	415	70	345
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,480	1,585	900	430	265	170
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	345	255	90	55	50	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	38,975	34,695	4,280	51,150	47,940	3,210
04. Architecture and related services	1,365	810	555	395	270	120
14. Engineering	10,970	8,795	2,170	6,230	5,295	935
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,565	7,600	965	10,405	9,135	1,270
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	5,780	5,595	185	13,110	12,825	290
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,590	6,420	165	14,025	13,635	395
48. Precision production	5,705	5,475	230	6,980	6,770	210
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,265	1,805	1,455	5,010	3,575	1,430
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,835	980	850	2,355	1,395	960
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,430	830	605	2,655	2,185	470
Health and related fields	23,475	3,950	19,525	38,135	5,850	32,285
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,690	1,115	1,575	2,145	1,060	1,085
51. Health professions and related programs	20,300	2,590	17,715	35,295	4,385	30,905
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	480	245	240	695	405	285
Personal, protective and transportation services	10,515	5,105	5,410	19,415	9,810	9,600
12. Personal and culinary services	5,500	1,375	4,130	10,520	1,945	8,575
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	95	85	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	0	220	190	35
43. Security and protective services	3,380	2,270	1,115	3,460	2,760	705
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,590	1,425	165	5,115	4,835	285
Other	270	45	230	45	25	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	270	40	230	40	25	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	423,860	208,350	215,515	620,390	301,650	318,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	200,040	99,620	100,415	313,495	156,945	156,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	223,825	108,725	115,100	306,900	144,700	162,200
Location of study inside Canada	185,885	89,165	96,715	290,645	136,490	154,155
Same as province or territory of residence	175,095	83,930	91,165	229,835	106,610	123,230
Different than province or territory of residence	10,790	5,240	5,550	60,810	29,880	30,925
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	37,940	19,560	18,380	16,255	8,205	8,050
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	5,420	2,920	2,500	5,360	2,675	2,685
Philippines	1,290	380	915	920	285	635
India	4,520	2,435	2,080	460	230	230
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	3,885	2,380	1,500	1,995	1,175	815
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	2,900	1,375	1,515	1,105	550	555
France	215	120	95	660	370	290
Other	19,715	9,940	9,775	5,755	2,920	2,835
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	282,335	139,050	143,280	400,785	194,715	206,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	104,835	54,025	50,810	169,970	88,815	81,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	177,495	85,030	92,470	230,815	105,895	124,920
Location of study inside Canada	148,660	70,875	77,785	218,710	100,175	118,535
Same as province or territory of residence	140,105	66,695	73,405	172,760	78,520	94,240
Different than province or territory of residence	8,560	4,180	4,380	45,950	21,660	24,295
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	28,835	14,150	14,685	12,105	5,715	6,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	4,245	2,200	2,045	3,460	1,555	1,905
Philippines	1,155	330	825	875	260	615
India	3,600	1,840	1,760	345	160	180
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	2,115	1,210	905	1,070	575	490
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	2,365	1,115	1,255	1,025	475	550
France	155	85	65	525	300	225
Other	15,200	7,370	7,830	4,800	2,390	2,415
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	423,865	208,345	215,510	620,390	301,650	318,745
In the labour force	290,430	151,985	138,445	381,790	197,005	184,790
Employed	271,875	142,595	129,275	339,045	170,050	168,995
Unemployed	18,555	9,390	9,165	42,745	26,950	15,795
Not in the labour force	133,430	56,360	77,070	238,600	104,645	133,955
Participation rate	68.5	72.9	64.2	61.5	65.3	58.0
Employment rate	64.1	68.4	60.0	54.7	56.4	53.0
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.2	6.6	11.2	13.7	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	423,860	208,350	215,510	620,390	301,645	318,745
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	124,210	51,935	72,270	217,930	94,105	123,825
Worked	299,655	156,410	143,245	402,465	207,540	194,920
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	164,860	94,335	70,525	201,230	106,785	94,450
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	134,795	62,075	72,725	201,225	100,760	100,475
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.2	42.9	41.0	40.6	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	290,430	151,985	138,440	381,795	197,000	184,790
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	7,320	3,790	3,530
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	285,035	149,375	135,660	374,470	193,210	181,260
Employee	257,070	132,410	124,665	342,685	173,560	169,125
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	27,955	16,965	10,995	31,785	19,655	12,130
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	290,430	151,985	138,440	381,790	197,005	184,790
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	7,320	3,790	3,530
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	285,030	149,375	135,655	374,470	193,215	181,255
0 Management occupations	30,210	18,590	11,620	34,015	20,605	13,415
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	42,510	12,475	30,035	52,695	14,200	38,495
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	24,625	19,190	5,430	20,705	16,300	4,405
3 Health occupations	15,805	2,490	13,315	30,730	4,870	25,865
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	31,340	10,150	21,190	45,640	15,355	30,285
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	7,480	3,165	4,320	6,610	2,925	3,685
6 Sales and service occupations	63,915	26,230	37,685	91,035	36,535	54,505
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40,350	37,770	2,580	59,925	57,015	2,910
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,240	3,105	1,135	14,485	12,280	2,205
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	24,555	16,210	8,345	18,620	13,130	5,495
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	290,425	151,985	138,440	381,795	197,000	184,790
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	5,395	2,610	2,785	7,320	3,790	3,530
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	285,035	149,375	135,655	374,470	193,210	181,260
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,165	1,880	1,290	15,135	12,025	3,115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	385	335	50	4,345	3,765	580
22 Utilities	1,070	840	225	3,350	2,615	735
23 Construction	18,820	16,600	2,220	27,795	25,195	2,595
31-33 Manufacturing	45,950	32,560	13,390	32,405	23,215	9,195
41 Wholesale trade	11,840	8,245	3,590	11,170	8,180	2,990
44-45 Retail trade	31,215	14,580	16,630	46,180	21,220	24,950
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	11,930	8,925	3,005	17,680	13,295	4,390
51 Information and cultural industries	8,115	4,600	3,515	6,615	3,700	2,915
52 Finance and insurance	17,605	6,420	11,180	12,415	4,090	8,325
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,720	2,460	2,260	3,830	2,245	1,585
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	21,650	12,640	9,010	17,240	9,485	7,750
55 Management of companies and enterprises	470	230	235	345	145	195
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,905	6,740	5,165	18,530	10,060	8,475
61 Educational services	24,530	8,390	16,140	26,090	8,180	17,905
62 Health care and social assistance	27,745	4,205	23,535	51,380	7,955	43,430
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,630	2,360	2,270	5,950	3,065	2,885
72 Accommodation and food services	18,575	7,090	11,485	24,825	8,460	16,365
81 Other services (except public administration)	10,720	5,185	5,535	17,105	8,365	8,745
91 Public administration	10,000	5,080	4,915	32,090	17,960	14,135
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	271,875	142,595	129,275	339,045	170,050	168,995
Worked at home	17,325	8,125	9,200	19,445	9,485	9,955
Worked outside Canada	1,110	780	330	1,315	885	430
No fixed workplace address	25,865	19,165	6,700	37,925	28,630	9,300
Worked at usual place	227,580	114,535	113,045	280,360	131,055	149,310
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	227,580	114,535	113,050	280,360	131,055	149,310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	108,645	49,415	59,235	127,230	57,560	69,670
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80,555	41,170	39,385	97,230	44,565	52,665
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	37,790	23,595	14,190	50,560	25,155	25,410
Commute to a different province or territory	590	355	240	5,345	3,775	1,565
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	253,445	133,700	119,745	318,285	159,680	158,605
Car, truck, van - as a driver	205,190	111,175	94,015	266,035	135,575	130,460
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	17,070	7,450	9,615	24,455	9,855	14,600
Public transit	15,280	6,855	8,425	7,290	3,600	3,690
Walked	11,095	5,050	6,045	14,650	6,900	7,755
Bicycle	2,830	2,155	670	1,210	800	405
Other method	1,985	1,005	975	4,645	2,950	1,695
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	253,445	133,695	119,750	318,290	159,680	158,605
Less than 15 minutes	75,895	36,085	39,810	135,690	63,885	71,810
15 to 29 minutes	107,895	55,470	52,430	118,075	58,505	59,570
30 to 44 minutes	39,515	22,810	16,705	39,230	21,385	17,845
45 to 59 minutes	13,130	7,960	5,175	12,945	7,275	5,670
60 minutes and over	17,005	11,375	5,630	12,345	8,635	3,710
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	253,445	133,700	119,745	318,285	159,680	158,605
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	18,815	13,300	5,520	17,850	12,755	5,100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	44,475	29,235	15,245	51,825	30,905	20,925
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60,975	30,530	30,435	112,460	55,470	56,990
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	56,200	24,160	32,030	64,235	25,835	38,400
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	27,840	12,145	15,690	25,595	9,415	16,180
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	45,145	24,325	20,820	46,320	25,300	21,020
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	308,800	160,875	147,925	413,695	212,875	200,820
Single responses	306,650	159,920	146,735	395,120	204,270	190,850
Official languages	303,860	158,470	145,390	394,015	203,660	190,355
English	302,965	158,250	144,710	304,775	160,255	144,515
French	895	210	680	89,240	43,400	45,840
Non-official languages	2,795	1,450	1,340	1,105	615	490
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	255	140	115
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	250	135	110
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	255	135	110
Malecite	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	240	135	110
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,790	1,450	1,345	855	475	380
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	105	35	160	105	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	105	35	160	105	55
Amharic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	130	100	25	140	100	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	25	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	145	60	90	40	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	60	90	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,685	865	825	170	95	80
Albanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	155	60	95	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	60	100	30	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	10	30	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	20	25	10	15
Serbian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	880	410	470	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	85	35	50	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	775	360	415	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	245	115	125	40	30	10
Indo-Aryan languages	200	95	105	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	60	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	15	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	20	35	25	10
Kurdish	15	10	0	15	15	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	250	135	65	35	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	185	125	60	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	160	105	50	65	35	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	15	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	150	85	65	60	35	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	25	30	20	10
American Sign Language	40	15	20	10	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	545	285	260	365	185	175
Chinese languages	540	280	260	360	185	175
Cantonese	105	60	50	35	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	390	205	190	295	150	150
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	15	30	25	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	25	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,145	960	1,190	18,575	8,605	9,970
English and French	595	170	425	18,045	8,350	9,695
English and non-official language	1,520	780	745	475	240	235
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	30	10	25	45	15	35
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	308,800	160,875	147,925	413,690	212,875	200,820
None	297,910	155,830	142,080	322,045	167,900	154,150
English	1,775	745	1,025	44,925	21,560	23,360
French	3,145	1,175	1,960	44,415	22,175	22,240
Non-official language	5,780	3,060	2,720	2,090	1,115	975
Aboriginal	10	10	10	615	285	330
Non-Aboriginal	5,775	3,060	2,715	1,475	830	645
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	15	10	55	20	35
French and non-official language	165	40	120	160	95	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	510,295	252,615	257,680	724,030	354,435	369,600
Non-movers	438,495	216,800	221,690	641,310	314,280	327,020
Movers	71,805	35,810	35,985	82,720	40,150	42,570
Non-migrants	40,335	20,145	20,190	45,630	21,830	23,800
Migrants	31,460	15,665	15,795	37,090	18,320	18,765
Internal migrants	25,105	12,485	12,620	32,585	15,995	16,585
Intraprovincial migrants	22,540	11,170	11,365	21,995	10,555	11,445
Interprovincial migrants	2,565	1,310	1,255	10,585	5,445	5,140
External migrants	6,355	3,185	3,175	4,505	2,320	2,185
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	486,690	240,610	246,080	696,160	340,310	355,845
Non-movers	295,775	145,570	150,205	480,830	237,150	243,685
Movers	190,915	95,040	95,870	215,325	103,155	112,165
Non-migrants	103,905	51,525	52,380	113,835	53,935	59,900
Migrants	87,010	43,510	43,495	101,490	49,215	52,275
Internal migrants	67,420	33,545	33,875	89,980	43,165	46,815
Intraprovincial migrants	61,770	30,680	31,090	60,645	28,475	32,165
Interprovincial migrants	5,650	2,865	2,785	29,335	14,685	14,650
External migrants	19,585	9,970	9,620	11,510	6,050	5,455