Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Vancouver British Columbia [Census metropolitan area]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , Vancouver [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia  Map : Vancouver [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,463,431	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,313,328	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.5	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,027,613	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	960,894	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	854.6	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,882.68	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,463,430	1,202,175	1,261,255	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	362,110	186,780	175,335	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	116,270	60,045	56,225	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	122,735	63,390	59,345	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	123,110	63,340	59,765	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	1,714,005	838,860	875,145	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	142,285	73,185	69,100	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	167,270	85,385	81,885	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	179,940	89,305	90,640	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	182,625	89,925	92,700	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	167,955	81,090	86,860	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	168,375	79,440	88,930	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	184,285	87,850	96,440	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	191,370	93,230	98,140	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	177,095	85,590	91,505	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	152,805	73,865	78,940	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	387,315	176,530	210,780	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	131,035	62,615	68,425	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	89,675	42,495	47,180	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	66,505	30,600	35,905	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	48,825	21,965	26,860	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	51,280	18,860	32,415	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	31,475	12,745	18,735	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	14,870	4,905	9,965	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	4,190	1,050	3,140	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	740	160	580	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.5	13.9	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	69.6	69.8	69.4	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	15.7	14.7	16.7	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.6	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	40.9	39.7	42.0	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	960,890	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	282,355	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	160,060	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	513,900	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	20,530	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	93,415	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	156,445	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	242,205	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,305	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	4,580	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	960,895	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	275,455	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	300,170	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	153,085	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	139,180	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	93,000	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,426,235	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,101,320	1,015,395	1,085,925	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	1,193,125	594,185	598,940	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	1,033,885	513,730	520,155	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	159,240	80,455	78,785	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	908,195	421,215	486,980	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	629,040	334,130	294,905	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	50,130	20,265	29,860	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	128,040	47,275	80,770	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	100,985	19,540	81,445	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	679,365	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	327,260	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	158,785	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	145,805	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	47,515	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	679,365	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	574,670	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	495,060	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	79,605	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	104,695	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	84,740	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	19,950	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	574,670	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	260,290	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	314,380	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	129,480	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	139,080	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	45,815	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	104,695	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	66,970	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	29,305	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	8,420	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	462,125	214,710	247,420	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	960,890	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	600,780	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	226,485	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	374,290	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	37,595	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	322,525	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	275,455	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	47,070	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	2,130,565	1,058,310	1,072,260	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	1,110	530	580	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	172,140	76,645	95,500	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	136,320	56,185	80,135	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	2,265,310	1,116,840	1,148,475	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	25,705	12,830	12,880	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	14,465	6,635	7,830	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	134,655	55,370	79,285	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	32,940	16,145	16,795	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.3	1.4	1.3	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,440,140	1,191,670	1,248,470	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	2,361,890	1,153,910	1,207,975	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	1,341,635	678,675	662,965	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	1,316,635	666,170	650,465	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	25,000	12,505	12,500	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	1,020,255	475,240	545,010	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	855	390	470	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	315	135	180	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	20	5	15	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	225	105	120	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	5	5	5
Moose Cree	5	5	0	85	40	45
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	55	25	30
Plains Cree	40	15	25	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	5	5	355	135	225
Woods Cree	20	10	10	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	150	70	80	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	90	40	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	70	25	45	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	0	0	0	65	30	35
Ojibway	60	25	35	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	105	50	55	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	105	45	55	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	35	15	25	5	0	5
Chilcotin	25	15	10	5	0	5
Dene	20	10	10	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	0	5
Haida	10	10	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	25	5	15	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	5	5	5	5
Inuktitut	15	5	10	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	710	300	410
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	5	5	5	590	255	335
Oneida	0	0	0	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kutenai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	5	25	15	15
Salish languages	135	65	70	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lillooet	10	5	5	0	0	0
Okanagan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	10	5	5	0	0
Squamish	20	5	15	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Siouan languages	25	15	10	10	5	5
Dakota	25	5	10	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	95	40	55	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	50	15	25	0	0	5
Nisga'a	25	15	10	5	0	0
Tsimshian	20	10	10	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	55	25	30	0	0	5
Haisla	10	5	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	5	5	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	75	35	35	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,019,395	474,850	544,545	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	20,725	11,005	9,715	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	95	60	40	725	405	320
Kabyle	35	20	10	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	1,355	675	680	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	5	5	0	250	140	110
Oromo	170	95	75	1,445	720	730
Somali	1,170	570	600	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	225	115	110
Semitic languages	19,230	10,250	8,980	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	1,140	560	580	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	14,320	7,720	6,600	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	630	305	325	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	435	240	195	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	25	5	10	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	1,770	965	805	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	80	40	40	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	695	340	355	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	135	70	60	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,200	11,075	13,125	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,215	555	655	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	22,950	10,505	12,450	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	35	20	15	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	82,025	33,570	48,460	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	310	135	170	595	260	330
Cebuano	3,215	1,285	1,930	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	390	195	200	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	1,280	485	795	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	4,605	1,820	2,790	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	15	5	5	100	45	55
Malay	3,480	1,545	1,930	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	635	290	345	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	265	115	150	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	66,830	27,275	39,555	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	180	70	110	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	835	360	470	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	610	315	300	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	20	15	10	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	365	180	190	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	225	120	100	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	6,210	3,290	2,920	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	225	115	110	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	1,750	905	840	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	3,275	1,695	1,580	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	920	550	370	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	130	65	65	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	416,565	203,240	213,325	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	1,090	560	525	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	1,060	520	540	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	57,625	26,950	30,675	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	645	275	365	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	315	145	175	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	325	130	195	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	56,975	26,675	30,300	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	65	35	30	515	230	280
Bosnian	1,155	580	575	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	1,720	805	915	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	5,460	2,650	2,815	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	3,565	1,705	1,865	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	250	120	130	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	12,040	5,650	6,390	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	18,170	8,270	9,905	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	6,300	3,215	3,080	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	1,140	545	600	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	2,390	1,060	1,335	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	540	250	295	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	3,990	1,705	2,285	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	175	90	90	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	315	170	140	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	125	65	60	450	210	240
Welsh	120	65	55	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	225	120	110
Germanic languages	37,825	18,005	19,825	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	1,435	730	710	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	2,065	1,020	1,045	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	7,455	3,600	3,855	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	80	35	50	1,240	630	620
German	24,060	11,340	12,715	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	155	70	85	210	100	110
Norwegian	840	410	430	940	405	540
Swedish	1,290	570	720	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	200	105	90	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	220	110	110	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	170	80	85
Greek	4,885	2,515	2,370	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	242,395	119,930	122,465	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	198,075	97,680	100,395	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	2,680	1,390	1,290	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	6,285	2,960	3,325	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	24,220	11,580	12,640	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	40	30	15	345	170	175
Konkani	225	110	110	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	535	280	255	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	920	485	435	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	65	35	30	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	151,205	74,825	76,380	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	1,575	730	850	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,455	730	725	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	8,880	4,535	4,340	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	43,980	22,075	21,910	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	1,655	875	780	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	1,065	565	500	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	41,265	20,635	20,630	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	340	175	165	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	71,375	34,590	36,785	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	120	65	55	285	150	135
Italian	15,445	7,735	7,710	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	11,950	5,655	6,295	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	7,175	3,480	3,690	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	36,625	17,615	19,005	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	420	200	215
Japanese	16,900	5,750	11,145	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	65	35	25	1,200	635	565
Georgian	65	35	25	1,200	635	565
Korean	45,990	20,680	25,310	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	340	145	195	405	180	220
Mongolian	340	145	200	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	2,650	1,335	1,315	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	400	220	180	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	10	5	5	140	60	80
Edo	80	45	35	1,140	475	670
Ewe	60	30	25	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	5	365	180	185
Ga	35	15	20	600	275	325
Ganda	65	35	30	760	360	400
Igbo	160	95	65	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	55	25	30	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	100	40	55	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	100	45	55	1,330	545	785
Shona	150	70	85	1,455	660	790
Swahili	580	285	295	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	25	10	20	290	145	150
Yoruba	190	110	80	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	610	285	330	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	265	135	135	1,610	810	800
Dinka	75	50	30	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	185	85	100	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	620	330	295	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	265	125	135	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	355	200	155	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	387,645	177,140	210,505	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	385,355	175,990	209,365	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	184,370	85,070	99,295	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	2,185	955	1,230	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	174,920	79,280	95,635	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	220	105	115	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10,655	4,755	5,900	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	4,330	1,905	2,430	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,485	3,840	4,645	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,285	1,145	1,140	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	1,035	525	510	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	765	370	400	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	260	135	125	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	220	110	105	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	2,750	980	1,775	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	805	405	400	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	1,935	570	1,360	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	25	10	15
Turkic languages	3,700	2,035	1,665	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	500	275	225	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	2,770	1,560	1,210	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	165	85	85	515	255	260
Uzbek	100	45	55	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	165	75	95	640	295	345
Uralic languages	7,640	3,535	4,110	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	455	195	255	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	1,900	770	1,130	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	5,285	2,570	2,715	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	370	195	170	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	78,255	37,760	40,490	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	5,200	2,535	2,660	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	69,885	33,750	36,135	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	1,545	755	795	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	1,620	725	900	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,440,140	1,191,675	1,248,470	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	2,252,465	1,102,225	1,150,240	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	1,631,365	811,500	819,865	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	1,622,740	807,235	815,500	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	8,625	4,265	4,365	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	621,100	290,725	330,375	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	105	45	55	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	5	10	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	10	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	5	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	0	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	5	5	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	5	5	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	10	5	5	0	5
Dakota	10	10	5	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	5	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	5	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	5	10	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	621,000	290,680	330,320	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	11,900	5,965	5,935	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	35	20	20	345	175	170
Kabyle	15	5	10	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	695	315	380	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	5	0	0	170	80	85
Oromo	75	40	35	805	380	425
Somali	610	270	340	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	110	50	65
Semitic languages	11,160	5,630	5,535	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	535	250	290	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	8,675	4,405	4,275	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	400	200	200	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	300	165	140	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	10	5	5	555	250	305
Hebrew	785	400	380	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	5	0	5	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	350	160	190	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	15,000	6,955	8,045	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	620	290	325	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	14,365	6,660	7,710	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	35,340	15,585	19,755	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	65	30	35	90	35	55
Cebuano	1,090	485	600	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	100	50	50	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	355	155	200	910	385	530
Ilocano	1,465	625	840	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	5	5	0	35	15	20
Malay	1,050	485	565	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	135	65	75	445	200	250
Pangasinan	55	25	30	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30,695	13,510	17,185	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	55	20	30	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	260	125	130	380	175	200
Creole languages	290	130	160	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	205	85	120	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	3,355	1,700	1,655	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	95	40	55	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	885	450	435	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	1,935	960	965	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	425	235	190	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	55	20	30	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	220,605	107,095	113,505	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	525	255	270	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	505	220	280	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	25,645	12,295	13,355	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	160	70	85	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	65	30	35	860	350	515
Lithuanian	95	45	50	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	25,490	12,225	13,265	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	10	0	10	175	80	90
Bosnian	540	270	275	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	925	430	495	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	1,795	845	950	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	1,030	520	510	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	125	60	65	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	4,490	2,130	2,355	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	10,795	5,120	5,675	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	3,475	1,760	1,710	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	435	200	235	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	780	375	405	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	60	30	35	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	1,005	465	545	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	355	160	190
Celtic languages	35	20	15	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	60	30	25
Welsh	20	10	10	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	35	20	15
Germanic languages	4,660	2,200	2,460	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	520	250	270	755	365	390
Danish	180	90	95	280	135	150
Dutch	690	325	365	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	0	5	5	90	45	45
German	2,890	1,350	1,550	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	50	25	30	45	20	30
Norwegian	70	35	35	70	30	40
Swedish	220	105	115	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	15	5	145	60	85
Yiddish	10	5	0	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	655	315	340
Greek	1,730	835	890	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	156,840	76,640	80,200	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	127,625	62,475	65,150	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	1,575	775	795	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	2,740	1,210	1,530	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	11,230	5,310	5,920	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	5	0	0	65	30	35
Konkani	35	20	15	540	260	280
Marathi	245	125	115	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	550	290	265	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	35	15	15	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	104,855	51,630	53,220	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	595	255	340	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	595	290	310	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	5,165	2,560	2,610	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	29,035	14,075	14,960	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	1,020	515	505	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	660	335	330	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	27,355	13,230	14,125	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	175	90	90	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	30,665	14,635	16,030	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	60	25	30	135	60	75
Italian	3,950	1,720	2,230	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	5,115	2,435	2,680	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	3,220	1,545	1,670	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	18,315	8,905	9,410	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	110	50	60
Japanese	8,235	3,375	4,855	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	15	10	5	770	420	355
Georgian	15	10	10	775	420	355
Korean	34,225	15,720	18,505	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	160	80	85	225	115	110
Mongolian	160	75	85	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	730	325	405	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	125	70	55	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	5	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	15	10	5	305	120	180
Ewe	15	10	10	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	110	55	55
Ga	5	0	0	175	80	100
Ganda	10	5	0	195	85	110
Igbo	35	20	15	540	265	275
Lingala	35	15	20	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	35	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	20	30	420	160	260
Shona	40	20	25	455	210	245
Swahili	155	65	90	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	5	0	5	130	65	65
Yoruba	40	20	20	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	155	65	85	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	105	45	60	550	260	290
Dinka	40	25	15	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	425	195	225
Sign languages	830	455	375	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	300	150	150	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	530	310	220	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	285,515	130,990	154,525	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	283,885	130,170	153,715	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	132,185	60,235	71,950	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	670	280	390	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	138,680	64,055	74,625	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	65	30	35	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,640	2,105	2,540	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,495	1,150	1,350	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,045	2,270	2,775	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,625	820	810	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	685	350	335	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	690	335	350	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	165	90	75	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	1,015	435	580	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	335	155	175	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	670	275	400	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	10	5	10
Turkic languages	1,550	810	740	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	185	100	90	770	385	380
Turkish	1,190	625	570	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	100	50	45	290	150	140
Uzbek	40	20	20	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	250	130	120
Uralic languages	1,980	930	1,050	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	80	35	45	790	290	500
Finnish	435	190	245	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	1,470	710	760	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	110	55	60	465	245	225
Multiple responses	187,675	89,450	98,230	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	3,475	1,700	1,775	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	181,310	86,450	94,855	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	495	225	275	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	2,395	1,075	1,325	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,440,140	1,191,675	1,248,470	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	1,919,300	944,770	974,530	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	232,050	112,195	119,855	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	19,620	8,935	10,690	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	260,735	121,820	138,915	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	795	370	425	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	259,935	121,455	138,485	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	960	435	530	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	4,895	2,285	2,605	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	2,495	1,190	1,305	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	80	40	45	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,720	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,978,490	957,500	1,020,990	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,612	38,879	27,793	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,981,205	959,985	1,021,225	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,422	34,038	25,878	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,781,275	875,750	905,525	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,645	39,631	26,888	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,370,150	582,525	787,620	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,459	1,246	3,359	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,487,050	752,840	734,210	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,621	40,050	28,268	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,785	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,978,875	957,440	1,021,440	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,821	55,848	38,360	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,981,625	959,980	1,021,650	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,512	44,592	32,798	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,780,850	875,325	905,525	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,281	57,128	37,762	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,370,125	581,865	788,260	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,169	5,955	6,327	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,487,050	752,855	734,195	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,081	55,081	36,854	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	637,390	361,430	275,965	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,955	60,834	49,056	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	67,916	76,209	57,055	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.5	87.3	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	74.0	77.5	69.1	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.5	12.7	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,720	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	86,095	41,365	44,730	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	1,978,485	957,500	1,020,985	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.9	95.8	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	337,915	144,295	193,620	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	345,800	143,885	201,920	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	248,300	105,920	142,380	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	211,515	94,950	116,565	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	188,015	87,605	100,415	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	149,455	74,740	74,720	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	116,775	64,275	52,500	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	89,555	51,265	38,295	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	70,690	41,215	29,475	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	50,825	30,925	19,900	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	169,635	118,425	51,210	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	109,000	73,650	35,350	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	60,640	44,780	15,860	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,715	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	83,380	38,885	44,495	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	1,981,205	959,985	1,021,220	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	350,380	152,060	198,315	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	361,855	152,890	208,960	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	293,475	127,930	165,550	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	250,620	114,230	136,390	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	209,335	101,560	107,770	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	153,280	83,235	70,040	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	109,410	62,815	46,595	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	79,210	46,380	32,830	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	173,650	118,880	54,770	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	50,810	32,310	18,500	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	32,520	21,870	10,645	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	90,320	64,695	25,625	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,720	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	577,535	246,030	331,505	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	1,487,050	752,840	734,215	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	72.0	75.4	68.9	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	209,270	93,700	115,565	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	112,350	47,995	64,355	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	199,780	88,460	111,320	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	164,960	74,775	90,180	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	153,815	70,955	82,855	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	141,800	66,710	75,090	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	113,915	59,035	54,880	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	90,840	52,060	38,780	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	71,740	42,295	29,445	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	228,585	156,845	71,740	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	57,565	34,490	23,075	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	40,995	26,105	14,890	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	130,025	96,250	33,775	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,662	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,365	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	275,455	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,164	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,804	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	685,440	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,067	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,158	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	96,423	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,421	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	275,485	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,950	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,250	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	685,410	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	115,102	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,764	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	28,325	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15,380	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	28,770	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	38,310	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	36,160	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35,660	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	36,315	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	36,530	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	36,630	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	36,515	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70,005	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65,325	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60,005	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55,025	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	49,190	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	332,745	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100,070	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	72,355	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	82,630	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	77,695	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	960,890	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	30,260	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15,590	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	29,290	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	39,595	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	41,045	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	42,935	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	43,905	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	44,060	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	44,380	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	43,085	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80,740	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	73,385	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	66,780	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	58,305	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50,780	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	256,755	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	97,835	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	61,385	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	97,540	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	653,340	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,273	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,245	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	222,580	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,383	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,895	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	313,355	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,167	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,888	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	93,805	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,852	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,006	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	652,790	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,694	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,002	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	222,055	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	109,780	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,896	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	313,600	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,322	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,039	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	93,545	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,562	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,922	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	393,510	189,745	203,765	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,421	33,964	31,209	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,236	30,331	28,391	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	392,915	188,815	204,100	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	43,593	46,216	41,167	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	36,392	38,096	34,815	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,175,580	559,445	616,130	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	303,915	145,415	158,500	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	228,320	105,405	122,915	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	210,940	100,050	110,895	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	212,600	102,005	110,595	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	219,800	106,575	113,225	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	1,250,660	625,955	624,705	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	225,360	110,190	115,165	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	234,070	116,120	117,950	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	245,245	122,625	122,620	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	260,495	131,100	129,390	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	285,490	145,915	139,575	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,417,260	1,181,115	1,236,145	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	441,530	227,695	213,840	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	139,285	71,940	67,345	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	1,612,690	785,035	827,650	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	363,045	168,390	194,660	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	398,715	187,770	210,950	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	83,635	42,965	40,670	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	24,690	12,560	12,130	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	255,225	119,285	135,940	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	59,860	25,525	34,340	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	15.9	17.1	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.9	18.9	19.0	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	17.7	17.5	18.0	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	15.8	15.2	16.4	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	16.5	15.2	17.6	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	337,080	160,485	176,600	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	67,070	34,355	32,710	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	19,175	9,740	9,430	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	232,635	110,555	122,080	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	37,385	15,575	21,805	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.9	13.6	14.3	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.2	15.1	15.3	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	13.8	13.5	14.0	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.4	14.1	14.8	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	10.3	9.2	11.2	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	2,290,565	1,129,240	1,161,325	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	2,289,520	1,128,740	1,160,780	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	172,260	76,605	95,655	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	1,220,345	574,040	646,300	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	1,605	675	935	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	485	200	290	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	15	0	15	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	310	145	165	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moose Cree	10	0	10	145	70	75
Naskapi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	65	25	45
Plains Cree	90	45	45	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	15	605	255	350
Woods Cree	15	0	10	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	185	90	95	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	180	95	85
Malecite	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	145	40	100	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	15	10	10	205	95	105
Ojibway	115	35	85	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	90	30	55	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	80	30	60	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	10	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	45	10	40	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	10	10	10	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	60	35	25	0	0	0
Inuit languages	60	30	30	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	45	15	25	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	0	0	0	120	35	85
Mohawk	10	10	10	1,625	710	915
Oneida	0	0	0	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	35	20	15	180	65	110
Salish languages	540	210	325	10	0	10
Comox	20	0	20	0	0	0
Halkomelem	155	60	95	0	0	0
Lillooet	20	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	30	15	20	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Squamish	225	100	125	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	60	15	45	10	0	10
Siouan languages	30	10	15	40	10	30
Dakota	15	10	10	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	185	80	105	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	55	15	35	10	0	10
Nisga'a	65	30	40	0	0	0
Tsimshian	60	35	30	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	100	45	55	10	10	0
Haisla	30	0	25	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	15	0	10	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	40	30	10	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	35	20	20	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,218,825	573,410	645,415	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	29,225	15,270	13,960	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	125	80	45	925	505	415
Kabyle	55	30	25	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	70	50	20	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	1,875	875	1,005	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	15	0	15	355	200	160
Oromo	190	110	75	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	1,675	755	915	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	370	170	205
Semitic languages	27,480	14,465	13,015	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	1,755	905	855	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	19,995	10,675	9,315	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	715	345	375	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	545	270	275	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	55	35	20	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	4,585	2,365	2,225	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	165	90	80	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	935	510	425	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	290	150	135	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	30,390	14,495	15,895	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,440	620	815	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	29,015	13,890	15,125	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	106,580	44,625	61,960	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	490	205	290	755	340	425
Cebuano	4,185	1,630	2,555	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	985	580	405	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	1,365	600	770	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	5,665	2,210	3,455	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	10	0	0	215	115	100
Malay	6,435	3,050	3,385	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	775	350	430	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	440	180	265	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	96,290	39,665	56,620	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	275	120	155	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,170	580	595	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	1,820	970	845	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	60	20	35	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	1,025	545	475	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	755	420	335	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	8,880	4,710	4,165	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	445	210	235	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	2,585	1,395	1,190	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	4,855	2,530	2,325	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	1,425	830	595	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	155	75	75	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	536,810	262,060	274,750	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	1,135	580	560	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	1,460	730	735	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	66,120	31,540	34,590	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	635	310	320	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	310	175	140	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	325	140	190	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	65,670	31,320	34,350	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	205	95	110	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	1,775	885	890	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	1,970	875	1,095	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	7,995	3,920	4,075	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	4,575	2,140	2,440	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	345	185	160	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	13,820	6,540	7,275	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	24,005	11,325	12,675	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	8,010	4,110	3,905	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	1,245	595	645	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	3,060	1,430	1,630	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	730	330	400	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	5,960	2,605	3,355	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	250	125	120	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	1,175	655	520	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	345	225	120	1,480	720	765
Welsh	145	60	80	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	690	370	320	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	57,255	27,525	29,735	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	4,230	2,160	2,070	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	2,460	1,150	1,305	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	9,200	4,345	4,855	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	120	55	65	1,655	820	835
German	38,665	18,845	19,825	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	215	115	100	285	130	155
Norwegian	1,405	725	675	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	2,765	1,210	1,560	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	220	125	95	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	385	175	210	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	75	40	30	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	7,230	3,675	3,555	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	297,060	147,625	149,435	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	248,620	123,210	125,405	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	3,140	1,610	1,530	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	10,685	5,025	5,650	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	70,500	34,305	36,195	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	45	25	15	600	300	300
Konkani	375	185	190	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	1,275	650	625	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	1,185	595	585	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	70	40	30	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	187,530	93,595	93,935	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	3,135	1,340	1,795	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,145	1,115	1,030	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	14,610	7,635	6,975	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	49,445	24,955	24,490	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	2,075	1,095	975	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	1,540	860	680	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	47,155	23,770	23,385	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	750	380	375	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	118,715	56,405	62,310	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	245	125	120	515	275	240
Italian	25,610	12,450	13,160	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	15,675	7,450	8,225	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	8,265	4,075	4,190	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	75,105	35,250	39,855	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	215	130	85	1,355	745	605
Japanese	28,630	12,410	16,215	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	90	45	40	1,555	775	780
Georgian	90	50	40	1,555	770	785
Korean	50,640	23,170	27,465	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	320	155	165	515	225	285
Mongolian	320	155	165	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	5,805	3,015	2,785	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	495	280	215	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	20	15	10	385	195	185
Edo	115	60	55	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	110	75	35	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	45	10	35	700	320	375
Ga	95	60	30	1,340	645	695
Ganda	105	60	45	1,225	550	675
Igbo	240	140	95	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	240	110	130	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	100	40	65	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	205	95	115	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	265	125	140	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	2,655	1,440	1,220	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	30	15	15	730	355	375
Yoruba	505	260	250	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,325	605	720	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	305	155	150	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	45	35	15	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	255	120	135	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	3,535	1,405	2,130	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	2,035	690	1,345	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,565	735	830	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	431,540	199,110	232,430	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	429,070	197,865	231,205	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	223,700	103,515	120,185	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	2,550	1,215	1,340	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	250,175	112,935	137,235	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	125	55	70	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15,660	6,940	8,715	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,385	2,345	3,035	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,745	3,985	4,765	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,755	1,375	1,380	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	1,390	685	700	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	905	455	450	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	305	165	140	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	300	140	155	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	3,810	1,535	2,270	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	1,125	505	615	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	2,870	1,105	1,765	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	30	10	20
Turkic languages	5,955	3,225	2,725	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	835	450	380	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	4,875	2,635	2,245	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	110	50	60	700	350	345
Uzbek	170	95	75	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	225	120	105	915	450	465
Uralic languages	9,045	4,200	4,840	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	500	205	295	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	2,090	825	1,260	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	6,480	3,175	3,310	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	700	385	315	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,103,115	1,032,695	1,070,420	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	403,685	208,715	194,970	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,699,430	823,985	875,450	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	323,120	152,705	170,415	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,358,990	686,180	672,805	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	989,540	461,660	527,885	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	209,975	100,680	109,295	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	120,730	56,305	64,425	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	247,835	114,340	133,490	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	268,470	123,240	145,230	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	124,890	57,190	67,695	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	143,580	66,050	77,535	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	142,535	67,090	75,440	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	77,700	37,560	40,140	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	989,540	461,660	527,885	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	78,020	39,580	38,445	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	158,290	81,570	76,720	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	204,755	93,100	111,650	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	424,180	189,745	234,440	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	124,300	57,665	66,630	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	989,545	461,660	527,880	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	65,325	30,720	34,605	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	2,855	1,175	1,685	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	3,075	1,400	1,675	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	4,405	2,235	2,170	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	920	420	500	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	260	110	155	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	2,230	1,160	1,070	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	7,855	3,420	4,435	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	2,700	1,160	1,540	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	1,935	895	1,045	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	26,445	12,755	13,695	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	12,645	5,995	6,645	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	170,930	83,890	87,040	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,925	1,905	2,025	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	4,115	2,075	2,035	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	3,440	1,800	1,640	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	13,520	6,480	7,040	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	2,885	1,520	1,370	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	3,700	1,895	1,810	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	3,835	2,100	1,735	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	10,395	5,350	5,045	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	6,300	3,130	3,170	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	10,480	4,885	5,590	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	4,660	2,315	2,345	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	7,110	3,445	3,665	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	8,460	3,655	4,810	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	3,775	1,890	1,885	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	5,480	2,590	2,885	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	56,530	28,245	28,280	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	22,320	10,615	11,705	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	32,100	16,260	15,840	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	425	275	150	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	2,110	1,130	980	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	1,665	835	825	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	4,065	1,875	2,190	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	730	385	345	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	1,205	630	570	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	1,010	485	525	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	8,205	4,265	3,935	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	12,690	6,365	6,325	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	697,305	319,470	377,835	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	4,860	2,445	2,420	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	1,870	945	925	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	188,965	84,380	104,580	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	71,720	32,950	38,770	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	125,640	61,245	64,395	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	35,250	17,905	17,345	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	5,215	2,660	2,555	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	10,675	3,140	7,535	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	36,860	16,745	20,120	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	1,860	1,040	820	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	9,220	4,725	4,500	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	96,685	40,635	56,040	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	4,160	2,160	1,995	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,310	1,170	1,140	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	37,425	16,850	20,575	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	24,025	11,235	12,790	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	40,560	19,240	21,325	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	23,885	11,325	12,560	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	142,530	67,090	75,440	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	10,095	5,115	4,980	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	960	440	520	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	460	220	245	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	65	35	35	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	15	0	10	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	155	115	45	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	2,295	1,160	1,130	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,065	2,155	1,905	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	220	100	115	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	1,855	880	970	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	13,610	7,015	6,595	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	785	420	370	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	770	450	325	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,210	760	450	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	200	110	90	880	400	480
Romania	545	240	305	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	1,405	500	910	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	945	375	565	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,855	2,230	1,620	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	3,895	1,935	1,960	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	4,355	2,280	2,075	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	55	40	20	415	180	240
Cameroon	55	20	35	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	115	70	45	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	10	605	245	360
Egypt	510	280	235	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	300	165	130	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	255	140	115	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	115	60	60	655	275	375
Nigeria	375	185	190	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	350	140	205	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	850	475	375	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	70	30	40	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	1,300	685	615	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	112,400	51,560	60,840	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	855	450	405	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	385	180	205	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	35,895	16,005	19,880	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,695	710	985	1,985	800	1,190
India	21,380	10,695	10,685	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	8,315	4,160	4,155	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	1,850	910	945	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	300	170	125	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	1,845	465	1,380	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	6,640	2,860	3,775	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	210	110	100	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	215	90	125	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	1,670	840	830	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	20,205	9,060	11,145	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	335	145	185	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	460	230	230	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,785	900	885	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	2,325	905	1,420	1,015	435	580
Turkey	365	205	160	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	340	175	165	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	1,510	600	910	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	3,840	1,695	2,145	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	2,075	1,120	955	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	1,140	610	525	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	935	510	425	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,085,610	508,765	576,850	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	607,590	307,925	299,665	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	733,040	368,715	364,325	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	794,150	368,155	425,995	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	461,950	221,655	240,300	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	176,955	104,335	72,620	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	285,000	117,320	167,685	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	249,920	103,575	146,345	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	71,115	37,970	33,145	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,165	4,955	6,205	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	61,455	29,075	32,380	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	59,595	28,195	31,400	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	35,765	16,870	18,900	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	23,425	11,145	12,280	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	405	180	220	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,070	505	565	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	790	375	420	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,364,780	1,156,325	1,208,450	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	24,115	11,160	12,950	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,402,120	1,174,240	1,227,880	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	13,615	6,540	7,075	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	13,305	6,385	6,925	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	10,895	5,120	5,770	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	2,265	1,190	1,080	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	145	75	75	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	310	155	150	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	290	145	145	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	61,085	29,110	31,975	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	58,700	28,025	30,675	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	38,755	18,495	20,260	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	19,595	9,365	10,230	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	355	170	180	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	2,385	1,085	1,305	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,305	1,065	1,240	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	25	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	20	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	2,351,530	1,149,750	1,201,785	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	2,426,235	1,185,405	1,240,835	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,185,680	565,020	620,660	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	291,005	145,545	145,460	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	474,655	221,985	252,670	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	29,830	15,465	14,370	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	123,170	54,260	68,910	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	34,805	16,490	18,315	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	16,430	8,805	7,635	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	44,905	21,400	23,505	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	46,010	23,455	22,555	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	52,980	24,465	28,515	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	30,110	12,580	17,535	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	6,490	3,165	3,330	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	35,290	17,420	17,870	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,240,555	620,380	620,170	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	74,700	35,655	39,050	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	52,305	24,845	27,460	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	600	275	330	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	24,505	11,775	12,730	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	353,945	177,115	176,830	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	1,520	775	745	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	32,115	15,550	16,565	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	331,205	166,010	165,200	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	660	370	290	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	75	40	35	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	35	25	15	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	750	440	310	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	170	80	90	675	375	300
European origins	1,195,185	593,595	601,590	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	763,525	379,940	383,585	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	155	90	70	1,120	530	590
Cornish	245	125	120	755	370	385
English	470,340	232,230	238,110	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	275,355	132,540	142,820	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	770	365	405	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	341,075	167,685	173,390	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	44,935	21,730	23,205	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	55,695	27,505	28,190	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	147,835	71,180	76,660	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	115	50	60	1,235	495	740
Breton	45	15	30	290	175	120
Corsican	75	35	45	205	125	85
French	147,715	71,115	76,595	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	312,330	154,110	158,220	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	21,260	10,070	11,185	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	80	50	35	450	225	230
Belgian	8,205	4,065	4,135	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	77,635	38,345	39,290	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	955	485	465	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	195	70	125	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	222,025	109,675	112,350	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	330	175	150	915	500	415
Swiss	11,340	5,720	5,625	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	455	200	250	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	130,095	62,650	67,445	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	23,025	11,200	11,820	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	14,085	6,665	7,420	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	11,055	5,475	5,580	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	49,335	24,045	25,290	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	40,690	18,725	21,965	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	5,320	2,705	2,615	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	256,190	124,165	132,020	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	2,940	1,370	1,570	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	1,825	945	880	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	11,710	5,670	6,040	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,560	1,310	1,250	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	2,540	1,175	1,375	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	25,860	12,720	13,135	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	2,455	1,260	1,195	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	4,155	2,000	2,155	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	720	340	375	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	70,590	33,860	36,725	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	17,490	8,455	9,030	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	58,535	27,690	30,850	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	6,345	2,945	3,400	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	94,400	46,150	48,250	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,230	1,015	1,220	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	196,295	97,515	98,785	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	1,330	665	665	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	2,675	1,315	1,360	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	65	55	15	285	180	110
Croatian	15,670	8,100	7,570	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	345	195	150	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	16,085	8,275	7,810	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	87,875	44,495	43,380	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	170	90	80	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	865	470	390	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	1,185	655	535	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	600	280	315	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	24,575	12,050	12,520	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	10,160	5,285	4,875	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	210	135	80	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	3,050	1,475	1,575	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	43,990	20,385	23,605	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,275	1,470	1,805	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	230	110	125	965	425	540
Other European origins	18,865	9,790	9,070	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	475	280	195	1,585	805	780
Jewish	11,230	5,795	5,435	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	325	120	205	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	505	255	255	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	6,470	3,400	3,065	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	16,395	8,195	8,205	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	130	60	70	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	160	90	65	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	1,310	690	620	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	155	75	85	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	60	40	20	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	870	440	430	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	535	250	290	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	280	150	130	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	10	10	10	70	20	50
Haitian	635	285	345	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	6,455	3,365	3,085	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	95	55	45	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	20	10	20	195	65	125
Montserratan	15	0	10	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	280	115	165	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	115	60	60	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	3,120	1,550	1,565	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	325	145	180	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,440	655	785	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,485	715	770	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	49,100	23,700	25,405	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,790	935	860	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	55	30	30	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	1,360	610	745	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	35	20	15	810	395	415
Bolivian	185	60	125	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	4,065	1,830	2,230	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	3,840	1,840	2,000	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	4,600	2,240	2,355	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	460	225	230	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	740	355	385	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	1,985	1,050	935	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	1,240	635	600	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	1,200	575	625	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	1,120	585	530	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	620	335	290	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	15,115	7,170	7,945	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	1,060	485	570	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	195	105	90	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	285	145	135	600	280	320
Peruvian	3,100	1,435	1,665	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	5,310	2,690	2,620	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	285	150	135	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	1,555	750	800	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	2,450	1,205	1,245	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	40,665	20,870	19,795	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	4,965	2,665	2,305	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	30	20	10	965	540	425
Angolan	55	25	25	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	65	25	40	1,205	620	585
Beninese	30	15	15	555	280	270
Burkinabe	20	15	10	415	190	225
Cameroonian	85	45	40	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	10	0	10	645	320	325
Congolese	675	355	325	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	60	40	15	1,025	545	480
Ewe	55	25	25	180	95	80
Gabonese	10	0	10	170	80	90
Gambian	20	10	10	630	305	330
Ghanaian	1,270	705	565	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	125	45	80	1,105	550	560
Ibo	200	120	80	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	45	25	15	1,350	600	745
Liberian	205	90	115	770	365	405
Malian	20	15	10	490	250	240
Malinké	10	0	0	345	160	185
Nigerian	1,680	920	760	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	20	10	15	135	80	55
Senegalese	45	35	15	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	90	40	50	1,175	585	585
Togolese	80	45	35	670	370	300
Wolof	0	0	0	80	45	35
Yoruba	130	70	60	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	400	190	205	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	7,325	3,840	3,490	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	615	360	255	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	185	115	70	1,845	985	860
Coptic	120	70	55	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	15	10	10	205	110	95
Egyptian	3,405	1,785	1,620	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	210	150	60	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	105	40	65	290	160	125
Moroccan	1,480	780	700	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	940	405	535	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	380	205	175	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	170	100	65	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	17,295	8,745	8,550	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	365	175	190	560	285	275
Amhara	115	60	55	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	235	125	115	870	455	415
Burundian	195	90	105	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	0	0	0	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	950	505	445	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	2,020	1,060	965	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	0	0	0	475	255	215
Kenyan	1,170	570	605	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	80	50	30	430	200	230
Mauritian	760	420	335	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	120	70	50	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	305	170	140	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	15	10	10	350	140	205
Somali	2,105	1,015	1,090	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	6,485	3,305	3,180	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	425	170	250	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	180	100	85	770	395	375
Ugandan	595	295	300	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	120	65	60	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	565	290	270	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	65	25	40	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,390	690	695	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	11,685	5,945	5,745	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,460	750	710	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	10,325	5,240	5,085	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	1,128,155	536,680	591,470	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	86,090	44,390	41,705	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	7,500	3,785	3,715	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	4,655	2,510	2,140	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	2,845	1,460	1,390	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	450	245	205	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	890	510	375	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	550	290	260	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	55	30	20	680	390	290
Iranian	44,355	22,490	21,865	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	5,205	2,635	2,565	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	2,075	1,100	965	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	585	310	275	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	275	170	100	1,325	610	715
Kurd	1,980	1,075	900	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	100	70	30	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	155	85	70	340	130	210
Lebanese	5,320	2,830	2,490	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	2,245	1,190	1,060	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	325	190	140	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	550	320	220	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	2,780	1,340	1,440	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	240	120	115	1,850	880	970
Tatar	650	325	325	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	5,185	2,865	2,325	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	75	45	25	695	345	355
Uighur	100	45	50	755	385	375
Uzbek	245	135	110	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	255	160	90	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,135	1,105	1,030	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	287,900	143,920	143,985	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	1,510	745	760	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	755	355	405	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	100	50	45	1,450	710	735
East Indian	243,135	121,175	121,960	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	320	160	160	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	615	300	320	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	145	75	70	1,795	900	895
Nepali	1,155	550	605	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	10,825	5,610	5,210	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	30,670	15,525	15,145	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	530	290	240	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	5,065	2,665	2,405	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	1,060	580	475	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	7,200	3,550	3,655	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	759,850	351,250	408,605	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	1,970	1,000	965	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,510	1,205	1,310	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	499,175	234,015	265,160	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	133,925	59,375	74,555	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	115	55	55	650	340	305
Indonesian	4,935	2,355	2,575	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	37,630	16,280	21,350	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	890	445	440	1,645	830	815
Korean	55,505	25,720	29,790	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	1,775	870	905	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	4,230	1,955	2,275	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	1,000	485	525	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	895	420	475	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	20,345	9,320	11,025	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	3,330	1,300	2,030	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	445	235	215	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	34,915	17,065	17,850	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	630	265	365	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	1,805	910	890	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,805	915	895	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	26,820	13,345	13,465	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	8,360	4,370	3,990	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	3,340	1,695	1,645	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	15,550	7,520	8,025	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	13,085	6,375	6,705	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	865	370	495	470	235	240
Maori	565	320	245	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	345	145	195	275	115	165
Samoan	245	125	120	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	680	320	355	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	612,005	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	348,700	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	190	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	960,895	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	293,765	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	667,130	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	17,175	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	208,400	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	259,450	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	215,335	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	260,530	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	960,890	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	413,395	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	129,200	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	100,710	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	83,140	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	234,455	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	927,685	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	33,210	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	960,890	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	890,535	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	70,365	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	128,710	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	253,845	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	151,760	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	171,550	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	71,265	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	95,910	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	87,855	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	906,230	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	54,665	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	960,895	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	555,795	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	364,605	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	40,495	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	960,895	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	30,220	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	142,600	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	171,450	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	209,675	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	188,785	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	126,445	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	66,025	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	25,700	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	953,380	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	648,420	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	304,955	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	240,995	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	608,080	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.3	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	25.4	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,376	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,622	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	800,220	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	1,005,920	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	347,220	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.1	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	43.5	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,136	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,242	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,780	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	287,135	139,610	147,525	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	589,940	288,420	301,520	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,187,535	570,805	616,730	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	133,015	94,640	38,380	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	61,205	35,080	26,125	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	71,810	59,560	12,255	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	345,280	145,135	200,145	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	77,845	32,950	44,900	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	631,385	298,080	333,305	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	415,805	191,250	224,550	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	44,855	18,920	25,935	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,135	9,810	8,325	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	129,655	63,875	65,780	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	22,935	14,225	8,710	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,392,440	671,970	720,470	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	111,575	58,090	53,480	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	339,185	168,975	170,210	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	941,685	444,905	496,780	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	93,815	67,360	26,455	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	43,165	24,930	18,230	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	50,655	42,430	8,225	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	267,620	112,745	154,885	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	58,545	24,490	34,055	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	521,700	240,310	281,385	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	342,235	154,945	187,290	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35,940	14,735	21,210	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	14,490	7,215	7,280	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	111,335	53,020	58,310	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	17,690	10,400	7,300	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,064,610	998,835	1,065,780	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	877,080	428,030	449,050	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	69,880	15,415	54,465	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	69,880	15,410	54,470	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	67,210	31,010	36,200	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	11,500	8,720	2,780	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	55,710	22,290	33,420	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	79,940	30,295	49,645	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,125	2,575	8,550	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	22,630	7,005	15,625	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	24,845	9,590	15,260	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	350	140	215	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,010	2,390	1,620	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,345	3,190	2,160	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	9,335	4,980	4,355	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	2,305	430	1,875	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	155,565	57,725	97,840	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,615	690	1,925	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	16,575	5,980	10,595	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	19,095	1,740	17,350	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	24,595	9,270	15,320	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,635	770	1,860	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	26,775	7,540	19,235	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	63,280	31,730	31,550	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	260,400	112,020	148,380	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	420	130	285	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,235	2,465	7,770	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	249,745	109,420	140,320	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55,940	29,310	26,640	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	22,715	10,225	12,490	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	13,390	6,565	6,825	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	635	160	475	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	17,610	11,790	5,820	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,600	565	1,035	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	56,690	37,010	19,680	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	44,915	31,730	13,190	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	3,210	480	2,725	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	7,980	4,430	3,550	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	590	375	215	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	211,910	186,360	25,550	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	11,380	7,200	4,185	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	74,080	59,710	14,370	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	33,825	29,890	3,935	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	40	25	10	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	39,190	37,980	1,210	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35,815	34,715	1,095	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	17,580	16,840	745	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	16,890	9,535	7,350	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10,385	5,480	4,905	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,505	4,060	2,450	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	159,905	36,460	123,440	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	12,705	6,575	6,125	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	141,910	26,980	114,930	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,295	2,905	2,390	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	52,975	25,600	27,375	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	36,770	12,030	24,745	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	90	85	10	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	265	250	15	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	5,915	4,425	1,495	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	9,940	8,810	1,125	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	220	70	155	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	225	70	150	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,392,435	671,965	720,475	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	450,760	227,065	223,695	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	49,160	10,165	38,995	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	49,160	10,165	38,995	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	54,535	25,050	29,485	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	9,115	6,975	2,140	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	45,415	18,075	27,340	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	62,810	23,065	39,740	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	8,935	1,885	7,055	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	17,550	5,320	12,235	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20,030	7,495	12,530	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	270	115	155	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,135	1,830	1,310	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,965	2,340	1,620	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	7,210	3,755	3,460	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	1,705	325	1,380	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	127,395	45,820	81,575	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,270	580	1,685	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	14,210	5,000	9,205	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15,160	1,385	13,770	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	20,290	6,915	13,375	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,135	615	1,515	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	21,460	5,815	15,650	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	51,875	25,505	26,370	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	213,390	90,380	123,015	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	310	105	200	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,095	1,895	6,200	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	204,985	88,375	116,605	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	42,715	21,695	21,020	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	18,145	8,020	10,120	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,880	4,685	5,195	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	500	115	385	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	13,105	8,500	4,600	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,095	370	725	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	49,880	32,880	16,995	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40,915	28,945	11,965	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	2,350	365	1,985	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,115	3,260	2,850	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	500	310	190	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	162,555	140,255	22,300	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	9,170	5,455	3,720	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	60,360	47,375	12,980	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,985	21,790	3,195	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	20	0	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	29,305	28,340	965	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	26,760	25,920	840	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	11,945	11,365	590	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	13,480	7,310	6,175	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	8,225	4,165	4,060	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,260	3,145	2,110	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	125,485	28,740	96,745	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10,075	5,185	4,890	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	111,260	21,460	89,795	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	4,155	2,095	2,055	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	40,095	19,480	20,615	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	27,530	9,115	18,415	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	40	10	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	100	95	0	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	4,830	3,550	1,285	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,590	6,675	915	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	180	55	125	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	180	55	120	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,064,610	998,835	1,065,785	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	877,080	428,030	449,050	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,187,535	570,805	616,730	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	808,025	390,720	417,305	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	651,950	311,405	340,545	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	156,075	79,315	76,760	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	379,505	180,085	199,420	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	42,490	23,545	18,950	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	48,070	17,835	30,230	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	35,220	17,465	17,755	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	33,180	18,105	15,070	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	58,575	26,315	32,260	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	3,355	1,850	1,505	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	158,620	74,970	83,645	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,392,440	671,970	720,475	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	450,760	227,065	223,695	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	941,680	444,905	496,780	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	641,620	307,965	333,660	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	522,570	247,290	275,280	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	119,050	60,670	58,385	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	300,065	136,940	163,120	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	31,750	17,165	14,590	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	41,085	15,065	26,015	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	29,660	14,020	15,635	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	21,325	11,480	9,845	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	50,715	22,290	28,420	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	2,815	1,570	1,245	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	122,715	55,350	67,365	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	1,355,520	703,360	652,160	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	1,276,900	663,785	613,115	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	78,620	39,570	39,050	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	709,090	295,475	413,620	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	65.7	70.4	61.2	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	61.8	66.5	57.5	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	5.8	5.6	6.0	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	665,515	276,425	389,090	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	1,399,100	722,410	676,695	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	657,640	374,985	282,650	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	741,460	347,425	394,040	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.0	41.3	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,355,520	703,360	652,160	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,960	11,630	13,325	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	1,330,565	691,730	638,830	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	1,150,055	579,375	570,680	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	180,505	112,355	68,155	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,355,520	703,365	652,160	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,955	11,635	13,325	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	1,330,565	691,725	638,835	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	156,610	97,575	59,040	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	222,325	71,120	151,210	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	101,405	79,690	21,710	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	83,990	20,060	63,930	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	148,620	49,540	99,080	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	61,975	31,655	30,320	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	331,590	147,165	184,430	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	167,640	157,870	9,775	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	17,660	12,070	5,590	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	38,740	24,985	13,760	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,355,520	703,360	652,160	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,955	11,630	13,325	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	1,330,565	691,725	638,835	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	13,025	6,860	6,160	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,470	3,245	1,225	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	6,840	4,430	2,410	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	98,365	85,805	12,555	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	84,355	56,870	27,485	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	55,415	36,140	19,275	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	150,000	70,385	79,615	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	74,775	57,460	17,320	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	50,230	31,635	18,600	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	65,245	28,935	36,315	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35,440	19,460	15,980	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	133,130	74,620	58,505	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	3,185	1,450	1,730	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	61,000	35,270	25,730	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	99,830	33,935	65,895	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	137,665	28,495	109,170	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	31,525	15,900	15,635	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	111,360	48,695	62,665	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	60,840	24,870	35,970	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	53,855	27,260	26,595	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	1,276,900	663,790	613,115	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	104,865	52,665	52,200	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	12,825	9,110	3,715	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	169,320	123,645	45,680	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	989,890	478,370	511,520	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	989,890	478,370	511,520	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	436,405	192,755	243,650	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	534,525	274,720	259,810	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,895	8,330	6,570	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	4,060	2,565	1,495	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,159,215	602,010	557,200	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	745,820	419,660	326,160	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	58,040	22,500	35,535	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	235,985	100,450	135,535	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	77,830	33,760	44,075	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	27,240	17,585	9,650	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	14,305	8,055	6,250	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,159,210	602,015	557,200	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	207,755	93,355	114,400	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	375,370	191,570	183,805	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	306,130	169,105	137,030	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	139,550	76,570	62,975	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	130,405	71,410	58,990	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,159,210	602,010	557,200	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	75,905	52,030	23,880	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	182,840	110,300	72,540	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	282,190	141,805	140,380	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	260,320	120,855	139,470	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	183,650	83,955	99,695	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	174,300	93,070	81,235	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,449,815	746,815	703,000	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	1,408,665	726,520	682,150	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	1,333,800	686,630	647,165	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	1,330,560	685,750	644,805	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	3,245	885	2,360	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	74,865	39,885	34,980	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	74,860	39,880	34,980	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	390	245	140	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	380	245	130	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	10	10	0	75	30	45
Arabic	275	195	80	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	20	10	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	75	30	45	395	140	260
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,000	920	1,085	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	15	10	95	50	50
Vietnamese	1,985	900	1,080	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	745	360	380	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	25	10	15	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	50	35	20	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	635	300	335	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	75	45	30
Tamil	25	15	15	1,870	900	975
Telugu	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,420	10,045	7,370	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	10	15	0	275	170	105
Armenian	0	0	0	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	730	340	395	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	10	10	10	70	25	40
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	10	10	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages	720	330	385	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	100	55	40
Bulgarian	0	0	10	120	85	40
Croatian	25	10	20	155	100	50
Czech	20	10	10	25	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	10	85	35	45
Polish	100	45	55	1,925	960	960
Russian	435	190	250	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	85	50	35	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	20	10	10
Slovak	10	10	0	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	20	10	10	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	340	185	155	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	30	15	20
Dutch	75	40	30	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	210	100	110	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	10	10	10	30	10	20
Swedish	25	20	10	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	10	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	55	25	30	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	14,590	8,630	5,960	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	13,515	7,915	5,600	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	15	15	10	335	160	170
Gujarati	35	15	25	730	255	475
Hindi	265	160	105	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Nepali	20	10	10	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	13,130	7,695	5,435	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Urdu	45	20	15	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	1,075	715	355	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	30	25	0	105	95	15
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	1,045	695	350	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,695	865	835	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	0	10	0	10	0	10
Italian	85	35	50	945	505	445
Portuguese	490	245	245	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	70	40	20	300	140	160
Spanish	1,040	530	515	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	1,545	585	960	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Georgian	10	10	0	15	0	10
Korean	5,075	2,715	2,355	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	15
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	175	55	115	810	295	515
American Sign Language	140	25	110	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	47,255	24,805	22,450	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	47,185	24,765	22,425	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	22,885	11,635	11,250	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	10	0	0	30	10	25
Mandarin	23,195	12,570	10,625	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	210	120	90	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	25	25	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	850	410	430	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	65	40	25	90	50	45
Burmese	20	10	10	10	10	10
Karenic languages	40	20	20	30	10	20
Tibetan	10	10	0	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	100	45	55	235	95	145
Lao	0	0	0	80	40	35
Thai	100	45	55	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	35	10	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	15	15	0
Turkish	35	25	0	440	295	140
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	15	420	205	220
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Finnish	15	10	10	75	25	50
Hungarian	15	10	10	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	10	0	10
Multiple responses	41,150	20,300	20,850	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	2,780	1,230	1,550	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	37,980	18,925	19,060	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	35	25	15	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	350	125	225	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,449,815	746,820	702,995	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	1,311,375	677,965	633,405	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	30,725	15,720	15,010	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	11,780	5,160	6,620	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	93,460	46,775	46,685	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	115	45	70	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	93,345	46,735	46,615	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	35	25	15	245	100	150
English and non-official language	1,115	540	580	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	1,320	625	690	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	2,403,020	1,173,535	1,229,480	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	2,024,075	986,910	1,037,165	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	378,945	186,625	192,320	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	207,285	101,800	105,485	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	171,655	84,825	86,835	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	117,565	58,210	59,355	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	93,805	46,105	47,700	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	23,760	12,100	11,660	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	54,095	26,620	27,475	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	2,310,250	1,125,640	1,184,605	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	1,298,680	632,380	666,300	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	1,011,565	493,260	518,305	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	516,530	251,585	264,945	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	495,040	241,680	253,360	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	309,035	151,830	157,205	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	246,845	121,080	125,765	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	62,190	30,755	31,440	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	186,000	89,845	96,155	549,965	271,080	278,885