Census Profile, 2016 Census
Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Upham, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]			Langford, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,269	...	...	35,342	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,306	...	...	29,228	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.8	...	...	20.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	579	...	...	14,906	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	521	...	...	14,178	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.7	...	...	885.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	189.22	...	...	39.94	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,270	625	645	35,340	17,240	18,100
0 to 14 years	225	105	125	6,365	3,295	3,065
0 to 4 years	70	30	40	2,255	1,170	1,085
5 to 9 years	75	40	35	2,165	1,115	1,045
10 to 14 years	80	35	45	1,945	1,010	935
15 to 64 years	825	420	405	24,595	11,985	12,615
15 to 19 years	70	40	35	2,015	1,040	975
20 to 24 years	55	30	25	2,075	1,000	1,070
25 to 29 years	65	35	30	2,410	1,150	1,260
30 to 34 years	65	30	35	2,900	1,400	1,505
35 to 39 years	75	35	45	2,790	1,395	1,395
40 to 44 years	65	30	30	2,605	1,255	1,350
45 to 49 years	90	45	45	2,630	1,295	1,335
50 to 54 years	115	60	60	2,665	1,325	1,335
55 to 59 years	120	65	50	2,485	1,185	1,300
60 to 64 years	100	50	50	2,025	940	1,085
65 years and over	215	100	115	4,385	1,965	2,420
65 to 69 years	80	40	40	1,690	825	865
70 to 74 years	70	35	35	1,075	475	600
75 to 79 years	35	20	20	675	300	375
80 to 84 years	20	10	15	455	200	255
85 years and over	15	0	10	490	165	325
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	290	105	180
90 to 94 years	10	0	5	145	35	105
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	50	15	35
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.7	16.8	19.4	18.0	19.1	16.9
15 to 64 years	65.0	67.2	62.8	69.6	69.5	69.7
65 years and over	16.9	16.0	17.8	12.4	11.4	13.4
85 years and over	1.2	0.0	1.6	1.4	1.0	1.8
Average age of the population	41.9	41.8	42.0	38.6	37.7	39.4
Median age of the population	45.4	45.6	45.2	38.3	37.6	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
Single-detached house	480	...	...	5,655	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	330	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	7,660	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	740	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	800	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	3,405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	2,645	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	70	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	30	...	...	535	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
1 person	125	...	...	3,480	...	...
2 persons	210	...	...	5,120	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	2,550	...	...
4 persons	75	...	...	2,040	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	990	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,265	...	...	34,920	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,040	520	520	28,980	13,950	15,030
Married or living common law	695	350	350	17,340	8,650	8,690
Married	585	295	295	13,525	6,740	6,785
Living common law	110	55	55	3,815	1,910	1,905
Not married and not living common law	345	175	170	11,640	5,300	6,340
Never married	210	120	90	7,295	3,885	3,415
Separated	25	15	10	915	390	525
Divorced	50	25	25	2,235	785	1,450
Widowed	60	10	45	1,195	235	955
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	400	...	...	10,305	...	...
2 persons	230	...	...	5,370	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	2,445	...	...
4 persons	70	...	...	1,920	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	570	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	395	...	...	10,300	...	...
Total couple families	345	...	...	8,530	...	...
Married couples	290	...	...	6,615	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	1,910	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	1,775	...	...
Female parent	35	...	...	1,365	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	8,525	...	...
Couples without children	200	...	...	4,225	...	...
Couples with children	150	...	...	4,300	...	...
1 child	55	...	...	1,930	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	1,830	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	1,775	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	1,145	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	515	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	165	80	85	6,175	2,955	3,220
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	520	...	...	14,175	...	...
One-census-family households	375	...	...	9,740	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	190	...	...	3,970	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	185	...	...	5,765	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	280	...	...
Non-census-family households	135	...	...	4,160	...	...
One-person households	125	...	...	3,480	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	680	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,270	625	645	35,185	17,205	17,985
English only	1,155	580	575	32,535	15,970	16,565
French only	0	0	0	20	5	15
English and French	110	45	70	2,475	1,160	1,315
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	155	65	85
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,265	625	640	35,185	17,205	17,980
English	1,245	615	635	34,380	16,795	17,585
French	20	10	10	600	325	280
English and French	0	0	0	60	20	35
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	140	65	80
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25	10	10	630	335	300
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	1.6	1.6	1.8	1.9	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,265	625	640	35,185	17,205	17,980
Single responses	1,260	625	635	34,800	17,015	17,785
Official languages	1,255	620	635	31,540	15,525	16,015
English	1,225	610	620	30,910	15,185	15,720
French	30	10	15	630	335	295
Non-official languages	5	5	5	3,260	1,495	1,770
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	3,250	1,490	1,765
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	55	35	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	130	65	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	55	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	360	145	215
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	290	115	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	1,865	890	970
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	340	165	175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	340	165	175
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Czech	0	0	0	20	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	115	60	55
Russian	0	0	0	90	30	60
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	455	205	245
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dutch	0	0	5	130	60	70
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	260	120	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	505	245	260
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	455	220	235
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	355	170	185
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Urdu	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	510	245	265
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	110	45	65
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Spanish	0	0	0	295	140	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	70	10	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	140	70	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	0	410	165	245
Chinese languages	0	5	0	405	165	240
Cantonese	0	0	0	120	50	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5	245	100	150
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	80	30	45
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	20	5	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	5	390	190	205
English and French	5	0	5	80	30	45
English and non-official language	0	0	0	290	145	140
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,265	625	640	35,185	17,205	17,980
Single responses	1,270	630	645	34,360	16,805	17,555
Official languages	1,265	625	640	33,195	16,275	16,925
English	1,260	620	635	33,020	16,195	16,825
French	5	5	5	180	80	95
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,160	535	630
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,155	535	630
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	95	40	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	5	555	260	300
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	80	35	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	25	15
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	30	10	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	255	115	140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	235	110	130
Bengali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	190	90	105
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	160	75	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	115	55	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	45	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	215	100	120
Chinese languages	5	0	0	215	95	120
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	145	70	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	5	825	395	430
English and French	0	0	0	70	35	35
English and non-official language	0	0	0	740	350	390
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,270	625	645	35,190	17,205	17,980
None	1,250	620	635	32,870	16,125	16,745
English	5	5	0	620	285	330
French	15	5	5	475	245	225
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,185	535	650
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,170	530	640
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	5	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,045	525	520	28,560	13,815	14,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	995	500	495	27,570	13,295	14,275
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,128	40,896	20,416	40,014	48,824	33,650
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	995	495	495	27,615	13,325	14,295
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,432	36,416	19,776	35,262	41,777	30,433
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	820	440	380	25,730	12,580	13,150
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,293	38,944	20,640	38,276	47,703	30,483
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	715	330	385	17,865	7,130	10,730
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,528	8,896	6,608	4,209	3,320	4,494
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	690	385	305	22,825	11,420	11,405
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,936	39,893	23,744	38,320	47,057	31,148
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,050	545	500	28,560	13,815	14,750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	990	520	470	27,535	13,280	14,260
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,217	49,637	25,535	46,024	54,735	37,914
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	990	520	465	27,580	13,310	14,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,598	41,178	23,068	38,707	44,686	33,134
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	825	465	365	25,690	12,560	13,130
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,060	45,410	24,061	44,438	53,924	35,364
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	730	360	370	17,785	6,975	10,805
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,237	13,589	8,960	7,070	7,088	7,059
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	660	385	280	22,830	11,480	11,350
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,473	49,527	25,663	43,153	51,070	35,147
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,045	545	505	28,560	13,815	14,745
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	315	195	120	11,470	6,325	5,145
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,252	63,713	38,748	54,854	62,648	47,944
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,662	68,997	39,625	58,600	65,394	50,246
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.4	84.9	77.5	90.3	93.3	86.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.0	76.4	65.7	77.7	80.9	73.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.7	14.8	22.8	9.7	6.7	13.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,045	525	525	28,560	13,815	14,745
Without total income	45	25	25	990	520	470
With total income	995	495	495	27,570	13,295	14,275
Percentage with total income	95.2	94.3	94.3	96.5	96.2	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	170	55	120	3,215	1,275	1,940
$10,000 to $19,999	190	65	130	3,815	1,435	2,380
$20,000 to $29,999	150	60	90	3,395	1,295	2,105
$30,000 to $39,999	115	60	55	3,365	1,390	1,975
$40,000 to $49,999	110	75	40	3,275	1,420	1,860
$50,000 to $59,999	75	45	30	2,840	1,385	1,450
$60,000 to $69,999	50	35	15	2,125	1,290	830
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	20	1,635	1,025	610
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	5	1,310	865	445
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	820	565	255
$100,000 and over	55	45	5	1,780	1,355	425
$100,000 to $149,999	45	40	0	1,390	1,050	340
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	395	305	85
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,040	520	520	28,560	13,810	14,745
Without after-tax income	45	25	25	945	490	455
With after-tax income	995	500	500	27,610	13,325	14,295
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	96.2	96.2	96.7	96.5	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	175	60	120	3,390	1,360	2,035
$10,000 to $19,999	195	65	135	4,030	1,575	2,460
$20,000 to $29,999	180	80	100	4,195	1,650	2,545
$30,000 to $39,999	150	85	65	4,130	1,770	2,355
$40,000 to $49,999	110	65	45	3,930	1,825	2,110
$50,000 to $59,999	75	55	20	2,805	1,655	1,155
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	15	1,990	1,270	720
$70,000 to $79,999	35	30	5	1,325	885	440
$80,000 and over	35	35	5	1,805	1,340	470
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	0	720	510	205
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	410	305	100
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	685	520	165
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,045	520	520	28,560	13,810	14,750
Without employment income	350	135	215	5,730	2,390	3,340
With employment income	690	385	310	22,830	11,425	11,405
Percentage with employment income	66.0	74.0	59.6	79.9	82.7	77.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90	45	45	2,940	1,270	1,665
$5,000 to $9,999	50	20	30	1,325	535	790
$10,000 to $19,999	90	30	55	2,720	1,065	1,655
$20,000 to $29,999	100	50	50	2,460	995	1,460
$30,000 to $39,999	90	50	45	2,400	1,035	1,360
$40,000 to $49,999	65	35	25	2,585	1,125	1,460
$50,000 to $59,999	55	35	20	2,225	1,140	1,090
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	15	1,635	1,025	615
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	1,395	925	470
$80,000 and over	80	70	10	3,135	2,300	840
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	1,125	760	370
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	0	660	480	180
$100,000 and over	45	45	0	1,345	1,060	285
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	520	...	...	14,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,960	...	...	80,331	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,880	...	...	69,134	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	125	...	...	3,475	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,992	...	...	42,604	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,920	...	...	36,932	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	395	...	...	10,695	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,499	...	...	95,122	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,776	...	...	81,871	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,616	...	...	89,382	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,938	...	...	75,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	3,485	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,412	...	...	48,726	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,257	...	...	39,895	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	405	...	...	10,695	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,163	...	...	102,616	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,730	...	...	86,825	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	190	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	135	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	250	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	360	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	440	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	405	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	490	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	495	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	570	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	570	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	1,140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	1,015	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	1,025	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	940	...	...
$100,000 and over	110	...	...	5,155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	1,990	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	1,290	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	1,255	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	620	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	205	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	260	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	375	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	520	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	525	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	595	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	660	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	735	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	675	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	1,245	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	1,265	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	1,235	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	1,135	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	995	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	3,600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	1,780	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	920	...	...
$150,000 and over	20	...	...	900	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	390	...	...	10,210	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,139	...	...	94,165	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,096	...	...	81,024	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	3,895	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,256	...	...	87,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	50,048	...	...	75,275	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	4,325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,904	...	...	113,603	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	77,568	...	...	97,165	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	1,675	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,080	...	...	54,235	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,576	...	...	48,870	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	395	...	...	10,225	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,142	...	...	100,870	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,504	...	...	85,258	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	3,935	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,884	...	...	96,635	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,875	...	...	81,271	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	4,315	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,327	...	...	119,110	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,536	...	...	100,340	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,089	...	...	60,332	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,237	...	...	52,899	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	145	70	70	5,350	2,635	2,715
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,640	34,048	22,560	37,700	41,760	34,898
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,904	31,168	21,440	33,135	35,910	30,982
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	150	95	60	5,420	2,670	2,750
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	49,937	59,859	33,888	43,579	47,643	39,629
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,358	51,349	30,434	36,186	38,219	34,210
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,270	625	640	34,920	17,105	17,810
In the bottom half of the distribution	820	405	415	15,545	7,300	8,245
In the bottom decile	145	70	75	2,825	1,345	1,475
In the second decile	195	85	110	2,690	1,210	1,485
In the third decile	155	75	75	2,880	1,315	1,570
In the fourth decile	170	90	80	3,405	1,585	1,815
In the fifth decile	155	80	75	3,745	1,845	1,900
In the top half of the distribution	450	225	225	19,370	9,810	9,565
In the sixth decile	105	55	55	4,110	2,050	2,055
In the seventh decile	110	50	65	4,435	2,220	2,215
In the eighth decile	80	35	45	4,295	2,170	2,125
In the ninth decile	95	55	45	3,980	2,040	1,935
In the top decile	55	30	25	2,555	1,325	1,235
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,270	625	640	34,920	17,105	17,815
0 to 17 years	270	125	145	7,570	3,935	3,630
0 to 5 years	85	40	50	2,695	1,380	1,315
18 to 64 years	780	400	380	23,315	11,300	12,015
65 years and over	220	100	120	4,030	1,865	2,165
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	250	115	135	3,670	1,690	1,980
0 to 17 years	60	25	35	1,035	570	470
0 to 5 years	20	5	10	335	185	150
18 to 64 years	125	60	60	2,195	945	1,250
65 years and over	65	30	35	445	175	265
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.7	18.4	21.1	10.5	9.9	11.1
0 to 17 years (%)	22.2	20.0	24.1	13.7	14.5	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	23.5	12.5	20.0	12.4	13.4	11.4
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.0	15.8	9.4	8.4	10.4
65 years and over (%)	29.5	30.0	29.2	11.0	9.4	12.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	70	30	40	2,355	1,140	1,215
0 to 17 years	15	5	15	600	315	285
0 to 5 years	0	0	5	165	90	70
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	1,640	770	870
65 years and over	0	0	0	115	60	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.5	4.8	6.3	6.7	6.7	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	5.6	4.0	10.3	7.9	8.0	7.9
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	10.0	6.1	6.5	5.3
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	7.5	6.6	7.0	6.8	7.2
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.9	3.2	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,265	635	635	34,920	17,105	17,815
Official languages	1,265	635	635	34,805	17,050	17,750
English	1,270	635	635	34,780	17,055	17,725
French	135	60	75	2,475	1,195	1,285
Non-official languages	15	0	15	4,525	2,075	2,450
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	15	4,485	2,065	2,425
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	55	30	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	175	70	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	65	100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	470	190	280
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	425	170	255
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	2,915	1,415	1,510
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	465	225	245
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	460	220	245
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	50	20	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	150	80	65
Russian	0	0	0	190	70	125
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	15	730	365	365
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	25	20
Danish	0	0	0	70	30	40
Dutch	0	0	10	175	80	90
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	455	245	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	670	340	330
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	580	295	285
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	185	90	95
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	450	235	220
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	70	35	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	40	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,130	505	625
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	150	60	90
Portuguese	0	0	0	170	65	100
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Spanish	0	0	0	820	370	445
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	25	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	45	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	10	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	15	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	480	215	265
Chinese languages	0	0	0	480	215	270
Cantonese	0	0	0	135	55	85
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	380	175	205
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	15	10
Turkish	0	0	0	65	30	40
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,270	635	635	34,920	17,105	17,815
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,260	630	630	33,400	16,420	16,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	285	120	165	7,380	3,870	3,515
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	980	510	465	26,025	12,555	13,465
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	10	0	0	1,515	685	835
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,270	635	635	34,920	17,105	17,815
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,245	635	610	30,155	14,960	15,195
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	20	0	20	4,395	1,965	2,435
Before 1981	15	0	15	1,700	745	955
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	560	250	315
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	590	280	305
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	855	345	510
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	355	150	210
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	495	195	300
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	695	345	355
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	365	180	185
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	25	0	20	4,400	1,965	2,435
Under 5 years	0	0	0	645	340	305
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,000	430	570
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	905	410	495
25 to 44 years	10	0	10	1,555	650	900
45 years and over	0	0	0	290	135	155
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	0	20	4,400	1,965	2,435
Americas	0	0	0	725	310	410
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	40	10	25
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	20	10
Mexico	0	0	0	135	55	85
Peru	0	0	0	30	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	35	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	355	160	195
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	85	45	50
Europe	25	0	20	2,000	950	1,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	30	20	10
France	0	0	0	30	0	20
Germany	15	0	10	215	105	110
Greece	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Italy	0	0	0	75	35	40
Netherlands	10	0	0	115	50	70
Poland	0	0	0	110	45	65
Portugal	0	0	0	70	30	40
Romania	0	0	0	20	20	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	70	35	35
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	15	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	965	465	505
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	200	80	115
Africa	0	0	0	175	65	110
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	80	25	60
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	60	25	35
Asia	0	0	0	1,415	585	830
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	155	50	105
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	55	25	30
India	0	0	0	265	135	135
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	65	30	30
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	60	20	40
Philippines	0	0	0	350	135	215
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	35	10	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	125	60	70
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	150	50	100
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	85	50	30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	700	345	350
Americas	0	0	0	155	75	75
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	40	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	85	40	40
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	0
Europe	0	0	0	150	80	70
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	120	75	45
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	35	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	355	160	190
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	165	80	85
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,265	630	630	34,920	17,105	17,815
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	25	10	20	5,055	2,275	2,780
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	75	45	35	6,665	3,315	3,350
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,170	590	575	23,200	11,510	11,685
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	10	2,775	1,235	1,535
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	1,475	705	765
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	545	300	240
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	935	410	520
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,020	370	655
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	260	155	105
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,270	635	635	34,920	17,110	17,815
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	10	0	2,090	1,050	1,045
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	1,995	1,005	990
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	10	0	1,000	515	485
Métis	0	0	0	995	485	505
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	70	30	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,260	625	635	32,825	16,060	16,770
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,270	635	630	34,925	17,110	17,815
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	600	275	325
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,265	630	635	34,315	16,830	17,495
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,270	635	635	34,925	17,105	17,815
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	290	160	135
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	285	150	130
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	220	115	105
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	60	30	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	50	25	25	2,235	1,120	1,115
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	50	30	25	2,100	1,065	1,035
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	25	1,285	685	600
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	805	370	435
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	135	55	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	135	55	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,220	610	610	32,400	15,830	16,565
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,270	635	635	34,920	17,105	17,815
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	3,600	1,695	1,905
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	910	470	440
Chinese	0	0	0	775	340	430
Black	0	0	0	250	135	115
Filipino	0	0	0	550	235	310
Latin American	0	0	0	375	150	225
Arab	0	0	0	55	30	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	275	125	150
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	65	35	35
Korean	0	0	0	110	45	60
Japanese	0	0	0	115	55	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,270	635	630	31,320	15,410	15,910
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,270	635	635	34,920	17,105	17,815
North American Aboriginal origins	50	30	25	2,525	1,280	1,250
First Nations (North American Indian)	45	25	25	1,655	860	785
Inuit	0	0	0	15	15	0
Métis	0	0	0	1,005	460	540
Other North American origins	740	380	360	11,365	5,810	5,555
Acadian	20	0	15	50	25	25
American	15	0	0	640	360	285
Canadian	725	365	355	10,890	5,560	5,330
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	40	0	35
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	845	410	440	27,275	13,240	14,035
British Isles origins	715	370	345	20,770	10,100	10,675
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	360	190	170	13,465	6,465	6,995
Irish	340	150	195	6,585	3,050	3,535
Manx	0	0	0	20	20	0
Scottish	255	125	130	9,490	4,695	4,800
Welsh	10	10	0	1,080	490	585
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	25	10	10	1,485	685	800
French origins	190	95	100	4,100	2,005	2,095
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	190	95	95	4,100	2,005	2,095
Western European origins (except French origins)	165	70	95	7,145	3,380	3,765
Austrian	0	0	0	335	180	150
Bavarian	0	0	10	10	0	0
Belgian	10	10	10	195	100	90
Dutch	55	20	30	1,845	835	1,005
Flemish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	45	55	5,185	2,445	2,740
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	10	190	105	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	15	20	3,195	1,440	1,765
Danish	0	0	0	650	290	360
Finnish	0	0	0	305	145	160
Icelandic	0	0	0	330	185	145
Norwegian	25	10	15	1,230	530	700
Swedish	0	10	0	825	365	460
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	130	70	60
Eastern European origins	15	10	10	4,675	2,160	2,515
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	230	115	110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	85	40	45
Estonian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	490	220	265
Latvian	10	10	10	20	15	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	1,435	675	755
Romanian	0	0	0	190	85	100
Russian	0	0	0	735	330	410
Slovak	0	0	0	70	25	50
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,070	875	1,195
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins	50	25	30	2,670	1,220	1,450
Albanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	125	80	50
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	165	65	100
Italian	30	10	15	1,240	570	665
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Maltese	10	0	0	35	15	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	425	185	235
Serbian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Spanish	10	0	0	545	240	305
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	45	20	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	195	100	100
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	85	40	45
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	95	50	45
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	255	130	125
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	115	70	45
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	55	25	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	60	25	35
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	615	250	365
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	45	0	40
Chilean	0	0	0	25	15	15
Colombian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	0	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	30	0	25
Maya	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0	285	115	170
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	25	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	25	15	10
African origins	0	0	0	405	190	215
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	55	15	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	15	0	15
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	10
North African origins	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	160	50	100
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	115	45	75
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	185	105	80
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	160	90	75
Asian origins	0	0	0	3,375	1,590	1,785
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	360	165	195
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	15	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	105	40	60
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	65	35	30
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	45	15	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	10	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	935	505	435
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	805	420	385
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	50	40	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,090	925	1,165
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0	960	450	515
Filipino	0	0	0	605	260	340
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	85	20	70
Japanese	0	0	0	155	80	70
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	50	65
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	190	85	110
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	175	80	90
Australian	0	0	0	100	40	55
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	30	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	30	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
Owner	490	...	...	9,870	...	...
Renter	30	...	...	4,310	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	525	...	...	14,180	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	2,615	...	...
Not condominium	520	...	...	11,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	520	...	...	14,175	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	25	...	...	1,685	...	...
2 bedrooms	150	...	...	3,835	...	...
3 bedrooms	215	...	...	4,885	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	135	...	...	3,735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	85	...	...	4,155	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	2,295	...	...
6 rooms	105	...	...	2,140	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	1,625	...	...
8 or more rooms	205	...	...	3,970	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	520	...	...	14,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	515	...	...	14,040	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
Suitable	510	...	...	13,710	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
1960 or before	110	...	...	800	...	...
1961 to 1980	155	...	...	2,915	...	...
1981 to 1990	105	...	...	1,255	...	...
1991 to 2000	70	...	...	1,815	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	1,475	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	3,395	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	30	...	...	2,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	460	...	...	13,610	...	...
Major repairs needed	60	...	...	570	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
1 household maintainer	305	...	...	7,375	...	...
2 household maintainers	200	...	...	6,300	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	520	...	...	14,180	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	480	...	...
25 to 34 years	50	...	...	2,545	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	2,780	...	...
45 to 54 years	130	...	...	3,075	...	...
55 to 64 years	100	...	...	2,720	...	...
65 to 74 years	105	...	...	1,710	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	650	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	505	...	...	14,160	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	460	...	...	10,455	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	50	...	...	3,705	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	3,265	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	480	...	...	9,855	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.0	...	...	75.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.2	...	...	20.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	532	...	...	1,622	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	1,559	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	129,706	...	...	450,162	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	167,952	...	...	474,782	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25	...	...	4,310	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	39.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,203	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	707	...	...	1,245	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,045	545	505	28,565	13,815	14,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	250	160	90	3,945	2,190	1,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	355	145	210	9,385	4,585	4,805
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	445	245	200	15,235	7,035	8,195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	135	30	2,805	2,100	705
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	55	25	1,070	645	425
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	90	85	10	1,730	1,450	280
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	195	80	120	6,615	2,405	4,205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	20	15	750	280	470
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	45	10	30	5,060	2,250	2,815
Bachelor's degree	30	10	20	3,575	1,505	2,070
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	375	155	215
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	60	40	20
Master's degree	0	0	10	920	455	465
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	135	95	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	660	340	320	20,490	9,910	10,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	75	65	15	1,645	995	650
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	255	90	165	6,290	3,190	3,100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	185	145	12,555	5,725	6,835
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	105	15	2,170	1,655	510
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	45	35	10	785	490	295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	65	0	1,385	1,165	210
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	160	65	95	5,490	1,995	3,495
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	605	250	355
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	10	35	4,290	1,825	2,470
Bachelor's degree	20	0	20	3,075	1,250	1,830
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	310	110	195
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	40	30	15
Master's degree	10	0	10	770	380	390
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	95	60	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,045	545	505	28,560	13,810	14,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	600	300	300	13,325	6,780	6,550
Education	25	10	20	835	205	625
13. Education	25	10	20	830	205	625
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	525	195	330
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	110	80	25
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	420	115	305
Humanities	20	10	0	635	290	350
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	70	20	50
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	165	35	135
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	160	90	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	30	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	60	35	20
54. History	0	0	0	110	75	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	25	1,775	610	1,165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	20	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	145	75	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	315	15	295
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	290	50	240
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	45	30	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	330	90	235
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	635	330	300
Business, management and public administration	85	0	90	3,145	1,050	2,090
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	285	65	220
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	0	80	2,845	985	1,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	440	215	225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	215	90	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	95	40	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	120	80	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	580	410	170
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	520	370	150
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	40	30	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	180	175	0	3,070	2,865	205
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	105	65	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	320	285	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	20	10	655	580	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	75	75	0	955	935	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	45	0	660	635	25
48. Precision production	35	35	0	380	370	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	240	150	95
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	135	85	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	105	65	40
Health and related fields	35	0	35	2,840	465	2,375
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	165	105	65
51. Health professions and related programs	35	0	35	2,670	355	2,310
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	40	10	1,140	570	570
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	690	245	450
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	40	35	10
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	215	140	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	175	140	35
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	660	340	320	20,490	9,910	10,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	330	155	175	7,935	4,190	3,745
Education	15	0	15	650	135	515
13. Education	15	0	15	650	135	515
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	380	130	250
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	60	50	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	320	75	245
Humanities	10	10	10	525	245	285
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	65	20	45
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	145	30	110
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	140	85	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	30	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	30	25	10
54. History	0	0	0	90	60	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	20	1,515	510	1,010
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	120	60	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15	255	0	245
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	250	45	205
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	40	25	15
42. Psychology	0	0	0	285	75	215
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	550	280	265
Business, management and public administration	60	0	55	2,705	910	1,800
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	225	45	180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	0	55	2,470	860	1,610
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	355	150	205
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	195	85	115
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	75	25	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	70	50	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	535	380	155
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	500	360	140
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	145	140	0	2,490	2,295	190
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	95	55	35
14. Engineering	0	0	0	270	235	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	25	10	510	445	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	70	70	0	790	775	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	530	510	20
48. Precision production	25	25	0	295	280	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	185	115	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	110	70	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	75	45	35
Health and related fields	20	0	20	2,305	390	1,915
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	130	75	60
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	20	2,165	310	1,855
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	35	0	910	460	445
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	560	215	345
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	25	10
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	165	110	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	140	105	35
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,045	545	500	28,560	13,815	14,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	605	300	305	13,330	6,775	6,555
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	445	240	200	15,235	7,035	8,195
Location of study inside Canada	420	225	190	13,445	6,155	7,295
Same as province or territory of residence	365	195	175	9,995	4,440	5,555
Different than province or territory of residence	50	35	15	3,455	1,720	1,735
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	15	10	1,785	880	905
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	15	10	370	190	185
Philippines	0	0	0	235	100	140
India	0	0	0	145	75	70
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	335	180	155
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	15	45
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	10	0	0	620	315	305
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	660	340	320	20,490	9,915	10,580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	330	155	180	7,935	4,185	3,750
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	330	190	140	12,555	5,725	6,830
Location of study inside Canada	310	180	135	11,220	5,090	6,135
Same as province or territory of residence	280	160	120	8,445	3,720	4,730
Different than province or territory of residence	30	15	15	2,770	1,370	1,400
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	10	1,335	635	700
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	0	240	130	110
Philippines	0	0	0	230	100	130
India	0	0	0	115	50	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	205	110	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	55	15	45
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	0	0	10	480	220	255
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,045	545	505	28,560	13,810	14,750
In the labour force	600	345	260	20,650	10,480	10,175
Employed	525	285	240	19,560	9,915	9,645
Unemployed	80	65	15	1,090	560	535
Not in the labour force	440	195	245	7,910	3,340	4,570
Participation rate	57.4	63.3	51.5	72.3	75.9	69.0
Employment rate	50.2	52.3	47.5	68.5	71.8	65.4
Unemployment rate	13.3	18.8	5.8	5.3	5.3	5.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,045	545	500	28,560	13,810	14,750
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	420	185	235	7,260	3,065	4,195
Worked	625	360	265	21,300	10,745	10,550
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	325	205	120	11,730	6,500	5,230
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	300	160	145	9,570	4,245	5,325
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.2	42.6	44.2	45.0	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	600	345	255	20,655	10,475	10,180
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	275	125	155
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	585	340	250	20,375	10,350	10,025
Employee	525	300	230	18,240	9,075	9,160
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	60	45	20	2,140	1,275	865
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	605	345	255	20,655	10,475	10,175
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	275	120	150
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	590	340	250	20,380	10,350	10,025
0 Management occupations	35	15	20	2,245	1,340	905
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	15	55	3,420	825	2,600
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	25	25	10	1,265	1,010	255
3 Health occupations	35	10	30	1,535	275	1,265
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	10	20	2,645	1,050	1,590
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	450	205	250
6 Sales and service occupations	115	25	95	5,125	2,240	2,890
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	220	205	15	3,075	2,895	180
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	330	275	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	30	0	285	240	45
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	605	345	255	20,655	10,475	10,180
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	275	120	155
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	590	340	245	20,375	10,350	10,025
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	0	130	100	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	90	80	15
22 Utilities	10	0	0	80	65	15
23 Construction	130	120	10	1,915	1,700	220
31-33 Manufacturing	45	40	0	705	525	180
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	10	470	360	105
44-45 Retail trade	60	25	35	2,660	1,205	1,455
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	10	15	760	555	210
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	10	390	260	135
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	820	250	565
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	385	195	190
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	15	0	1,190	645	555
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	15	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	10	25	880	510	375
61 Educational services	30	0	25	1,040	340	700
62 Health care and social assistance	65	10	55	2,725	440	2,285
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	10	425	185	235
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	1,690	835	855
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	25	0	930	365	570
91 Public administration	25	15	15	3,075	1,740	1,335
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	525	285	245	19,560	9,915	9,640
Worked at home	0	10	0	1,295	585	710
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	50	30	15
No fixed workplace address	95	70	25	2,680	2,075	605
Worked at usual place	425	205	220	15,535	7,230	8,310
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	425	205	220	15,535	7,225	8,310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	10	10	4,020	1,825	2,195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	65	95	11,065	5,095	5,970
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	235	120	110	370	240	135
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	85	70	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	520	280	245	18,215	9,295	8,920
Car, truck, van - as a driver	460	270	195	14,375	7,430	6,940
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	0	15	900	395	500
Public transit	15	0	15	1,280	430	860
Walked	20	10	15	805	395	410
Bicycle	0	0	0	480	380	100
Other method	0	0	0	375	265	115
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	520	275	240	18,220	9,300	8,920
Less than 15 minutes	30	10	30	4,135	1,905	2,230
15 to 29 minutes	70	35	40	5,015	2,755	2,260
30 to 44 minutes	250	140	115	5,365	2,925	2,435
45 to 59 minutes	95	50	45	2,520	1,220	1,305
60 minutes and over	65	50	15	1,180	490	695
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	520	275	240	18,215	9,300	8,920
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	65	50	10	1,085	785	305
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	150	100	45	4,910	2,950	1,965
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	150	60	90	4,755	2,270	2,480
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	45	15	35	3,120	1,215	1,905
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	10	20	1,880	785	1,095
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	85	50	40	2,465	1,300	1,165
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	650	370	285	21,765	10,980	10,795
Single responses	645	365	285	21,705	10,940	10,770
Official languages	645	365	280	21,665	10,920	10,745
English	640	360	285	21,625	10,915	10,710
French	0	0	0	45	10	35
Non-official languages	0	0	0	40	15	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	65	45	20
English and French	0	10	0	40	30	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	650	365	285	21,770	10,980	10,790
None	630	360	270	21,155	10,690	10,460
English	0	0	0	40	10	25
French	15	10	10	325	185	140
Non-official language	0	0	0	250	90	165
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	250	90	155
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,260	630	630	34,540	16,875	17,665
Non-movers	1,190	585	605	28,110	13,740	14,370
Movers	70	45	25	6,435	3,140	3,290
Non-migrants	35	20	10	4,260	2,070	2,185
Migrants	40	25	15	2,175	1,065	1,110
Internal migrants	40	20	15	1,870	875	995
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	10	1,220	560	660
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	0	650	315	335
External migrants	10	0	0	305	195	110
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,205	610	590	32,755	15,985	16,770
Non-movers	1,005	510	495	16,145	7,990	8,155
Movers	200	100	100	16,605	7,995	8,615
Non-migrants	95	50	50	10,235	4,945	5,290
Migrants	100	45	50	6,370	3,050	3,320
Internal migrants	100	50	50	5,470	2,555	2,915
Intraprovincial migrants	85	35	45	3,335	1,535	1,805
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	10	2,130	1,020	1,110
External migrants	0	0	0	900	495	410

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Upham, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Langford, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia