Census Profile, 2016 Census
Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Abbotsford [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Upham, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]			Abbotsford British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Abbotsford [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,269	...	...	121,279	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,306	...	...	115,011^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.8	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	579	...	...	45,281	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	521	...	...	43,007	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.7	...	...	1,770.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	189.22	...	...	68.50	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,270	625	645	121,285	59,325	61,955
0 to 14 years	225	105	125	22,020	11,320	10,705
0 to 4 years	70	30	40	7,190	3,675	3,510
5 to 9 years	75	40	35	7,590	3,890	3,700
10 to 14 years	80	35	45	7,240	3,750	3,490
15 to 64 years	825	420	405	78,125	38,535	39,585
15 to 19 years	70	40	35	7,520	3,870	3,655
20 to 24 years	55	30	25	7,905	4,045	3,860
25 to 29 years	65	35	30	8,115	4,050	4,065
30 to 34 years	65	30	35	8,460	4,170	4,290
35 to 39 years	75	35	45	7,855	3,850	4,000
40 to 44 years	65	30	30	7,545	3,640	3,905
45 to 49 years	90	45	45	7,725	3,770	3,950
50 to 54 years	115	60	60	7,770	3,890	3,875
55 to 59 years	120	65	50	7,930	3,810	4,120
60 to 64 years	100	50	50	7,295	3,430	3,865
65 years and over	215	100	115	21,140	9,475	11,670
65 to 69 years	80	40	40	6,665	3,050	3,615
70 to 74 years	70	35	35	4,865	2,335	2,530
75 to 79 years	35	20	20	3,660	1,665	1,995
80 to 84 years	20	10	15	2,775	1,275	1,500
85 years and over	15	0	10	3,175	1,140	2,030
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	1,925	760	1,165
90 to 94 years	10	0	5	950	305	645
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	265	75	185
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	10	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.7	16.8	19.4	18.2	19.1	17.3
15 to 64 years	65.0	67.2	62.8	64.4	65.0	63.9
65 years and over	16.9	16.0	17.8	17.4	16.0	18.8
85 years and over	1.2	0.0	1.6	2.6	1.9	3.3
Average age of the population	41.9	41.8	42.0	40.2	39.1	41.2
Median age of the population	45.4	45.6	45.2	39.2	37.8	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	520	...	...	43,010	...	...
Single-detached house	480	...	...	14,970	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,000	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	26,810	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	1,250	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	4,040	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	9,170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	12,290	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	55	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	30	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	520	...	...	43,005	...	...
1 person	125	...	...	10,895	...	...
2 persons	210	...	...	13,615	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	5,970	...	...
4 persons	75	...	...	6,095	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	6,435	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,265	...	...	118,650	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,040	520	520	99,265	48,010	51,255
Married or living common law	695	350	350	59,585	29,885	29,700
Married	585	295	295	53,600	26,915	26,685
Living common law	110	55	55	5,985	2,975	3,015
Not married and not living common law	345	175	170	39,680	18,125	21,555
Never married	210	120	90	24,705	13,310	11,395
Separated	25	15	10	2,825	1,210	1,615
Divorced	50	25	25	6,095	2,320	3,770
Widowed	60	10	45	6,060	1,280	4,775
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	400	...	...	33,630	...	...
2 persons	230	...	...	16,270	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	6,755	...	...
4 persons	70	...	...	7,175	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	3,440	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	395	...	...	33,630	...	...
Total couple families	345	...	...	28,585	...	...
Married couples	290	...	...	25,590	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	2,995	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	5,050	...	...
Female parent	35	...	...	4,030	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	28,585	...	...
Couples without children	200	...	...	13,355	...	...
Couples with children	150	...	...	15,230	...	...
1 child	55	...	...	5,225	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	6,730	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	3,280	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	5,050	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	2,915	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	1,525	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	605	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	165	80	85	18,770	8,515	10,255
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	520	...	...	43,010	...	...
One-census-family households	375	...	...	27,765	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	190	...	...	10,905	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	185	...	...	16,860	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	2,765	...	...
Non-census-family households	135	...	...	12,475	...	...
One-person households	125	...	...	10,895	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	1,585	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,270	625	645	119,265	58,220	61,045
English only	1,155	580	575	106,635	52,685	53,955
French only	0	0	0	30	15	15
English and French	110	45	70	5,425	2,390	3,030
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	7,175	3,135	4,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,265	625	640	119,265	58,220	61,045
English	1,245	615	635	110,920	54,510	56,415
French	20	10	10	840	425	415
English and French	0	0	0	405	190	215
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	7,100	3,095	4,005
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25	10	10	1,045	520	525
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	1.6	1.6	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,265	625	640	119,265	58,220	61,045
Single responses	1,260	625	635	116,245	56,755	59,490
Official languages	1,255	620	635	76,610	37,570	39,045
English	1,225	610	620	75,710	37,115	38,590
French	30	10	15	900	455	450
Non-official languages	5	5	5	39,635	19,185	20,450
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	39,610	19,175	20,435
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	375	205	170
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	365	195	170
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	325	175	150
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	685	295	390
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	660	285	375
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	960	375	585
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	45	20	30
Fijian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	50	25	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	780	300	475
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	60	30	30
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	33,920	16,550	17,370
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Armenian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,155	540	615
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,145	535	610
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Czech	0	0	0	70	35	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	250	115	140
Russian	0	0	0	395	175	220
Serbian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slovak	0	0	0	40	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	205	100	105
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	5,290	2,365	2,930
Afrikaans	0	0	0	105	50	55
Danish	0	0	0	105	55	50
Dutch	0	0	5	1,010	465	550
Frisian	0	0	0	25	15	15
German	0	0	0	3,920	1,725	2,195
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Swedish	0	0	0	45	20	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25,735	12,780	12,955
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25,480	12,640	12,840
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	70	35	30
Hindi	0	0	0	545	255	290
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	24,625	12,215	12,410
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	170	90	80
Iranian languages	0	0	0	235	130	110
Kurdish	0	0	0	55	30	20
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	185	100	85
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,595	790	805
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	150	80	75
Portuguese	0	0	0	165	80	85
Romanian	0	0	0	200	105	95
Spanish	0	0	0	1,070	520	550
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Japanese	0	0	0	150	55	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,080	500	585
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	15	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	0	1,515	735	780
Chinese languages	0	5	0	1,515	730	780
Cantonese	0	0	0	485	255	225
Hakka	0	0	0	20	10	5
Mandarin	0	0	5	880	405	480
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	60	35	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	210	100	115
Lao	0	0	0	175	90	85
Thai	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	330	155	170
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	85	35	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	225	115	110
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple responses	5	0	5	3,020	1,465	1,555
English and French	5	0	5	180	75	100
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,745	1,340	1,405
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	20	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,265	625	640	119,265	58,220	61,045
Single responses	1,270	630	645	111,855	54,535	57,315
Official languages	1,265	625	640	87,050	42,370	44,680
English	1,260	620	635	86,880	42,285	44,595
French	5	5	5	165	85	80
Non-official languages	0	0	0	24,805	12,165	12,640
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	24,805	12,165	12,640
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	215	105	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	220	105	115
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	205	95	105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	450	195	255
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	445	190	255
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	340	160	185
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	285	135	150
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	5	21,565	10,635	10,930
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	435	205	235
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	430	205	230
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	85	40	45
Russian	0	0	0	245	110	130
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	720	320	400
Afrikaans	0	0	0	60	25	35
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	55	20	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	595	265	325
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	19,665	9,735	9,930
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	19,525	9,660	9,865
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	255	125	130
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	19,120	9,460	9,660
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	100	50	50
Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	65	65
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	100	50	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	695	345	345
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	105	55	55
Spanish	0	0	0	520	260	255
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Korean	0	0	0	870	385	485
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	35	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	940	480	455
Chinese languages	5	0	0	940	485	460
Cantonese	0	0	0	270	145	125
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	615	315	300
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	105	60	50
Lao	0	0	0	90	45	45
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	15	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	15	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	5	7,410	3,685	3,725
English and French	0	0	0	110	50	65
English and non-official language	0	0	0	7,195	3,600	3,605
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	85	30	60
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,270	625	645	119,265	58,220	61,045
None	1,250	620	635	103,295	50,380	52,910
English	5	5	0	7,625	3,870	3,755
French	15	5	5	790	340	445
Non-official language	0	0	0	7,370	3,535	3,835
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	7,360	3,530	3,830
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	80	40	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	70	35	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,045	525	520	96,670	46,695	49,980
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	995	500	495	92,810	44,885	47,925
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,128	40,896	20,416	29,161	37,640	23,634
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	995	495	495	92,915	44,985	47,935
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,432	36,416	19,776	26,751	33,229	22,658
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	820	440	380	81,710	40,620	41,090
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,293	38,944	20,640	27,708	37,483	20,530
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	715	330	385	67,715	28,550	39,165
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,528	8,896	6,608	5,790	4,064	6,519
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	690	385	305	70,225	35,945	34,280
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,936	39,893	23,744	28,331	37,761	21,236
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,050	545	500	96,585	46,710	49,880
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	990	520	470	92,630	44,800	47,830
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,217	49,637	25,535	39,110	47,209	31,525
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	990	520	465	92,725	44,890	47,840
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,598	41,178	23,068	33,595	39,397	28,151
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	825	465	365	81,500	40,350	41,160
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,060	45,410	24,061	38,006	47,194	28,998
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	730	360	370	67,470	28,400	39,065
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,237	13,589	8,960	7,784	7,419	8,049
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	660	385	280	70,135	35,730	34,400
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,473	49,527	25,663	37,284	45,745	28,496
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,045	545	505	96,590	46,710	49,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	315	195	120	28,540	17,095	11,445
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,252	63,713	38,748	49,398	56,075	42,156
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,662	68,997	39,625	56,560	62,813	47,216
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.4	84.9	77.5	85.5	90.1	79.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.0	76.4	65.7	72.6	77.8	65.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.7	14.8	22.8	14.5	9.9	21.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,045	525	525	96,675	46,695	49,975
Without total income	45	25	25	3,865	1,810	2,055
With total income	995	495	495	92,810	44,885	47,925
Percentage with total income	95.2	94.3	94.3	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	170	55	120	13,780	5,650	8,130
$10,000 to $19,999	190	65	130	19,215	7,190	12,020
$20,000 to $29,999	150	60	90	14,420	5,635	8,785
$30,000 to $39,999	115	60	55	11,385	5,150	6,235
$40,000 to $49,999	110	75	40	9,090	4,605	4,485
$50,000 to $59,999	75	45	30	6,910	4,025	2,885
$60,000 to $69,999	50	35	15	4,950	3,225	1,725
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	20	3,790	2,540	1,250
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	5	2,905	1,985	925
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	1,825	1,285	540
$100,000 and over	55	45	5	4,540	3,590	945
$100,000 to $149,999	45	40	0	3,390	2,660	730
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	1,150	930	215
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,040	520	520	96,670	46,695	49,980
Without after-tax income	45	25	25	3,760	1,715	2,040
With after-tax income	995	500	500	92,915	44,980	47,935
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	96.2	96.2	96.1	96.3	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	175	60	120	14,215	5,915	8,300
$10,000 to $19,999	195	65	135	20,255	7,800	12,455
$20,000 to $29,999	180	80	100	16,770	6,770	10,000
$30,000 to $39,999	150	85	65	12,900	6,120	6,785
$40,000 to $49,999	110	65	45	9,705	5,280	4,425
$50,000 to $59,999	75	55	20	6,630	4,215	2,410
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	15	4,580	3,090	1,490
$70,000 to $79,999	35	30	5	3,080	2,120	955
$80,000 and over	35	35	5	4,775	3,670	1,105
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	0	1,805	1,330	470
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	990	765	225
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	1,980	1,575	405
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,045	520	520	96,675	46,700	49,975
Without employment income	350	135	215	26,450	10,750	15,695
With employment income	690	385	310	70,225	35,945	34,285
Percentage with employment income	66.0	74.0	59.6	72.6	77.0	68.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90	45	45	10,315	4,620	5,695
$5,000 to $9,999	50	20	30	6,390	2,340	4,045
$10,000 to $19,999	90	30	55	10,955	4,295	6,660
$20,000 to $29,999	100	50	50	8,845	3,825	5,020
$30,000 to $39,999	90	50	45	7,615	3,665	3,945
$40,000 to $49,999	65	35	25	6,725	3,585	3,135
$50,000 to $59,999	55	35	20	5,160	3,180	1,980
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	15	3,790	2,575	1,215
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	3,025	2,125	900
$80,000 and over	80	70	10	7,405	5,720	1,680
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	2,410	1,715	695
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	0	1,515	1,100	415
$100,000 and over	45	45	0	3,480	2,905	570
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	520	...	...	43,005	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,960	...	...	69,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,880	...	...	61,756	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	125	...	...	10,895	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,992	...	...	32,539	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,920	...	...	29,473	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	395	...	...	32,115	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,499	...	...	85,431	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,776	...	...	75,454	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	520	...	...	42,990	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,616	...	...	84,275	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,938	...	...	72,466	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	10,900	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,412	...	...	40,587	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,257	...	...	35,066	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	405	...	...	32,085	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,163	...	...	99,115	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,730	...	...	85,170	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	520	...	...	43,005	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	665	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	465	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	1,145	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	1,695	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	1,890	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1,635	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	1,905	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	1,870	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	1,790	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	1,865	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	3,400	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	3,230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	3,105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	2,790	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	2,545	...	...
$100,000 and over	110	...	...	13,010	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	4,890	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	3,140	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	3,100	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	1,885	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	520	...	...	43,010	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	695	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	470	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	1,155	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1,750	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	2,140	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1,990	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	2,255	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	2,125	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	2,195	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	2,065	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	3,990	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	3,665	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	3,435	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	2,995	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	2,530	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	9,545	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	4,295	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	2,480	...	...
$150,000 and over	20	...	...	2,770	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	390	...	...	31,115	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,139	...	...	84,725	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,096	...	...	74,806	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	10,755	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,256	...	...	73,603	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	50,048	...	...	65,329	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	15,055	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,904	...	...	103,050	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	77,568	...	...	90,548	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	4,325	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,080	...	...	48,882	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,576	...	...	45,084	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	395	...	...	31,100	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,142	...	...	98,245	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,504	...	...	84,350	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	10,775	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,884	...	...	90,157	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,875	...	...	76,267	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	15,010	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,327	...	...	115,201	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,536	...	...	99,258	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	4,270	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,089	...	...	59,677	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,237	...	...	52,524	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	145	70	70	15,275	7,110	8,165
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,640	34,048	22,560	29,252	33,664	26,287
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,904	31,168	21,440	26,950	30,144	24,893
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	150	95	60	15,260	7,305	7,955
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	49,937	59,859	33,888	37,166	40,941	33,700
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,358	51,349	30,434	32,223	34,607	30,032
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,270	625	640	118,650	57,995	60,660
In the bottom half of the distribution	820	405	415	65,530	31,045	34,485
In the bottom decile	145	70	75	10,865	5,020	5,845
In the second decile	195	85	110	12,545	5,555	6,990
In the third decile	155	75	75	13,070	6,200	6,875
In the fourth decile	170	90	80	15,010	7,355	7,655
In the fifth decile	155	80	75	14,035	6,920	7,115
In the top half of the distribution	450	225	225	53,120	26,945	26,180
In the sixth decile	105	55	55	13,130	6,575	6,555
In the seventh decile	110	50	65	12,305	6,200	6,105
In the eighth decile	80	35	45	11,005	5,595	5,410
In the ninth decile	95	55	45	9,715	4,950	4,765
In the top decile	55	30	25	6,965	3,625	3,345
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,270	625	640	118,650	57,995	60,660
0 to 17 years	270	125	145	26,385	13,535	12,850
0 to 5 years	85	40	50	8,685	4,445	4,240
18 to 64 years	780	400	380	72,670	35,500	37,170
65 years and over	220	100	120	19,590	8,955	10,635
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	250	115	135	16,100	7,225	8,875
0 to 17 years	60	25	35	4,355	2,295	2,060
0 to 5 years	20	5	10	1,410	750	655
18 to 64 years	125	60	60	8,815	3,865	4,955
65 years and over	65	30	35	2,925	1,065	1,865
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.7	18.4	21.1	13.6	12.5	14.6
0 to 17 years (%)	22.2	20.0	24.1	16.5	17.0	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	23.5	12.5	20.0	16.2	16.9	15.4
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.0	15.8	12.1	10.9	13.3
65 years and over (%)	29.5	30.0	29.2	14.9	11.9	17.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	70	30	40	9,060	4,230	4,830
0 to 17 years	15	5	15	2,330	1,225	1,110
0 to 5 years	0	0	5	690	365	325
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	6,030	2,745	3,285
65 years and over	0	0	0	700	255	445
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.5	4.8	6.3	7.6	7.3	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.6	4.0	10.3	8.8	9.1	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	10.0	7.9	8.2	7.7
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	7.5	6.6	8.3	7.7	8.8
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.6	2.8	4.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,265	635	635	118,475	57,960	60,510
Official languages	1,265	635	635	111,510	54,935	56,575
English	1,270	635	635	111,460	54,915	56,545
French	135	60	75	5,575	2,415	3,160
Non-official languages	15	0	15	46,235	22,525	23,715
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	10	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	15	46,205	22,505	23,700
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	700	395	310
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	690	390	300
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	595	340	255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	30	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	20	20
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	685	335	350
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	55	40	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	635	295	335
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,285	480	815
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	10	65
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	75	40	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,165	410	750
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	45	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	0	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	185	80	105
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	35	45
Tamil	0	0	0	90	45	45
Telugu	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	39,200	19,305	19,890
Albanian	0	0	0	85	45	35
Armenian	0	0	0	65	35	25
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,425	660	760
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,415	650	760
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	95	45	50
Bulgarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Croatian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Czech	0	0	0	80	45	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	290	125	165
Russian	0	0	0	580	265	315
Serbian	0	0	0	75	40	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	45	25	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	280	120	160
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	15	0	15	5,825	2,700	3,130
Afrikaans	0	0	0	220	100	120
Danish	0	0	0	135	70	70
Dutch	0	0	10	1,200	570	630
Frisian	0	0	0	25	25	10
German	0	0	0	4,225	1,955	2,275
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Swedish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	105	60	50
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	29,275	14,650	14,625
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	29,090	14,555	14,540
Bengali	0	0	0	25	20	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	130	80	55
Hindi	0	0	0	3,685	1,805	1,880
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	10
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	28,150	14,070	14,085
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	55	40	20
Urdu	0	0	0	370	220	150
Iranian languages	0	0	0	200	110	90
Kurdish	0	0	0	60	40	25
Pashto	0	0	0	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	140	75	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,005	1,470	1,535
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	350	185	175
Portuguese	0	0	0	285	150	135
Romanian	0	0	0	260	120	140
Spanish	0	0	0	2,220	1,080	1,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	400	185	215
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,260	565	690
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	230	110	125
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	110	55	55
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	10	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	45	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dinka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	290	115	180
American Sign Language	0	0	0	180	70	110
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	40	70
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,730	825	900
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,730	825	905
Cantonese	0	0	0	655	310	340
Hakka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,215	555	655
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	35	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	375	200	175
Lao	0	0	0	305	165	145
Thai	0	0	0	100	45	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turkic languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	35	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	290	135	155
Estonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	75	35	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	195	95	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,270	635	635	118,475	57,960	60,510
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,260	630	630	106,325	52,140	54,190
Canadian citizens aged under 18	285	120	165	25,210	13,055	12,150
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	980	510	465	81,120	39,080	42,035
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	10	0	0	12,150	5,820	6,330
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,270	635	635	118,475	57,965	60,510
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,245	635	610	83,130	41,040	42,090
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	20	0	20	33,390	15,975	17,415
Before 1981	15	0	15	7,760	3,755	4,010
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	3,525	1,670	1,850
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	7,230	3,500	3,735
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	9,820	4,640	5,185
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	4,635	2,185	2,450
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	5,185	2,455	2,735
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	5,050	2,415	2,635
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,960	950	1,010
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	25	0	20	33,385	15,970	17,415
Under 5 years	0	0	0	2,335	1,185	1,150
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	4,395	2,330	2,065
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	9,585	4,140	5,440
25 to 44 years	10	0	10	11,245	5,720	5,525
45 years and over	0	0	0	5,820	2,590	3,230
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	0	20	33,390	15,975	17,415
Americas	0	0	0	3,055	1,305	1,745
Brazil	0	0	0	160	80	75
Colombia	0	0	0	100	40	60
El Salvador	0	0	0	235	105	130
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	40	25	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	70	45	25
Mexico	0	0	0	145	70	75
Peru	0	0	0	25	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	45	25	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,160	415	745
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,055	470	585
Europe	25	0	20	6,355	3,115	3,240
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	60	25	35
Croatia	0	0	0	20	15	0
France	0	0	0	55	20	35
Germany	15	0	10	720	385	340
Greece	0	0	0	45	25	25
Hungary	0	0	0	110	65	45
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	70	15	60
Italy	0	0	0	120	65	60
Netherlands	10	0	0	920	450	470
Poland	0	0	0	295	120	175
Portugal	0	0	0	25	10	20
Romania	0	0	0	210	95	115
Russian Federation	0	0	0	310	130	180
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	370	170	200
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	2,170	1,125	1,050
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	825	395	430
Africa	0	0	0	870	435	435
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	105	55	55
Morocco	0	0	0	25	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	50	25	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	280	135	150
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	350	175	180
Asia	0	0	0	22,670	10,885	11,780
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	560	250	310
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	105	50	60
India	0	0	0	17,910	8,720	9,195
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	85	50	30
Iraq	0	0	0	130	80	60
Japan	0	0	0	120	50	65
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	725	345	385
Lebanon	0	0	0	30	25	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	195	95	100
Philippines	0	0	0	1,105	380	725
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	70	45	30
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	105	45	60
Taiwan	0	0	0	140	70	65
Viet Nam	0	0	0	475	210	265
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	890	465	420
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	440	230	205
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	5,050	2,415	2,635
Americas	0	0	0	305	125	175
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	25	15
Mexico	0	0	0	40	15	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	110	45	65
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	90	35	55
Europe	0	0	0	250	135	115
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	30	10	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	20	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	105	70	30
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	50	20	30
Africa	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	35	20	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	75	25	50
Asia	0	0	0	4,295	2,060	2,235
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	3,330	1,650	1,680
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	220	90	130
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Philippines	0	0	0	335	130	205
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	10	30
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	50	30	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,265	630	630	118,475	57,965	60,510
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	25	10	20	36,145	17,300	18,840
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	75	45	35	31,245	15,690	15,550
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,170	590	575	51,085	24,965	26,120
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	10	26,045	12,435	13,610
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	6,605	3,310	3,290
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,560	1,625	935
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	4,040	1,690	2,355
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	17,640	8,100	9,545
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,725	990	735
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	80	35	40
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,270	635	635	118,480	57,965	60,515
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	10	0	5,855	2,690	3,165
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	5,640	2,595	3,040
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	10	0	2,910	1,415	1,490
Métis	0	0	0	2,705	1,180	1,530
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	120	60	60
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	95	35	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,260	625	635	112,625	55,275	57,350
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,270	635	630	118,475	57,960	60,515
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	1,410	640	775
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,265	630	635	117,065	57,325	59,740
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,270	635	635	118,475	57,965	60,515
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	715	305	410
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	685	290	395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	455	235	220
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	230	60	170
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	50	25	25	5,680	2,685	2,990
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	50	30	25	5,460	2,590	2,875
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	25	3,340	1,595	1,745
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	2,070	975	1,095
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	50	15	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	220	100	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	215	95	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,220	610	610	112,085	54,975	57,110
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,270	635	635	118,475	57,965	60,515
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	40,535	20,045	20,495
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	30,500	15,305	15,190
Chinese	0	0	0	2,085	1,015	1,070
Black	0	0	0	1,210	590	615
Filipino	0	0	0	1,390	520	870
Latin American	0	0	0	1,035	450	580
Arab	0	0	0	335	205	130
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	1,195	595	605
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	175	115	60
Korean	0	0	0	1,305	610	690
Japanese	0	0	0	410	190	220
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	215	115	100
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	680	320	360
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,270	635	630	77,940	37,920	40,020
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,270	635	635	118,475	57,960	60,515
North American Aboriginal origins	50	30	25	6,395	2,985	3,410
First Nations (North American Indian)	45	25	25	4,045	1,940	2,110
Inuit	0	0	0	45	10	30
Métis	0	0	0	2,550	1,140	1,405
Other North American origins	740	380	360	23,630	11,465	12,170
Acadian	20	0	15	90	40	45
American	15	0	0	1,650	755	895
Canadian	725	365	355	22,520	10,965	11,555
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	20	0	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	845	410	440	71,215	34,335	36,880
British Isles origins	715	370	345	42,235	20,160	22,075
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	0
English	360	190	170	25,930	12,185	13,745
Irish	340	150	195	14,440	6,545	7,890
Manx	0	0	0	25	0	15
Scottish	255	125	130	18,980	9,090	9,895
Welsh	10	10	0	2,395	1,025	1,365
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	25	10	10	2,705	1,235	1,475
French origins	190	95	100	8,955	4,085	4,870
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	190	95	95	8,955	4,085	4,870
Western European origins (except French origins)	165	70	95	30,795	14,720	16,075
Austrian	0	0	0	1,185	500	685
Bavarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	10	10	10	370	145	225
Dutch	55	20	30	10,745	5,150	5,595
Flemish	0	0	0	65	30	35
Frisian	0	0	0	75	40	35
German	100	45	55	22,165	10,545	11,620
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swiss	15	10	10	660	300	360
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	15	20	8,210	3,760	4,450
Danish	0	0	0	1,425	675	750
Finnish	0	0	0	820	395	430
Icelandic	0	0	0	585	245	340
Norwegian	25	10	15	3,380	1,505	1,870
Swedish	0	10	0	2,645	1,220	1,425
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	275	130	150
Eastern European origins	15	10	10	15,970	7,710	8,260
Bulgarian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Byelorussian	0	0	0	70	25	40
Czech	0	0	0	285	150	130
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	195	105	90
Estonian	0	0	0	160	95	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,655	810	845
Latvian	10	10	10	55	35	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	45	50
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	3,725	1,670	2,060
Romanian	0	0	0	750	360	390
Russian	0	0	0	5,560	2,760	2,800
Slovak	0	0	0	145	70	70
Ukrainian	0	0	0	6,080	2,910	3,165
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	60	25	30
Southern European origins	50	25	30	5,670	2,925	2,740
Albanian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	75	35	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	295	145	145
Cypriot	0	0	0	25	20	0
Greek	0	0	0	530	295	240
Italian	30	10	15	2,800	1,465	1,340
Kosovar	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maltese	10	0	0	50	15	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	530	340	190
Serbian	0	0	0	130	70	55
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	130	95	35
Spanish	10	0	0	1,345	615	740
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	90	40	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	770	395	375
Basque	0	0	0	30	15	10
Jewish	0	0	0	325	185	145
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	390	180	215
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	630	325	305
Antiguan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	50	10	40
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	50	10	40
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	90	45	45
Jamaican	10	0	0	280	170	110
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	100	55	40
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	10	35
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,045	1,035	1,010
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	70	30	40
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	190	100	90
Chilean	0	0	0	95	60	40
Colombian	0	0	0	145	80	65
Costa Rican	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	105	60	45
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	80	40	35
Honduran	0	0	0	30	10	20
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	495	255	245
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	260	140	120
Peruvian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	345	135	205
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	50	20	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	160	85	75
African origins	0	0	0	1,460	690	775
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	165	80	85
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	10	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	25	10	15
North African origins	0	0	0	280	155	130
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	25	20	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	50	35	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	140	65	75
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	495	250	245
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	80	40	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	275	155	115
Tanzanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	70	40	35
Other African origins	0	0	0	580	240	335
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	535	225	310
Asian origins	0	0	0	38,285	19,005	19,290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,050	610	435
Afghan	0	0	0	55	30	25
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	80	45	30
Armenian	0	0	0	120	65	50
Assyrian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	175	105	70
Iraqi	0	0	0	115	75	45
Israeli	0	0	0	70	30	35
Jordanian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	20	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	105	55	45
Palestinian	0	0	0	40	35	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Syrian	0	0	0	100	40	55
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turk	0	0	0	80	60	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	15	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	70	50	20
South Asian origins	0	0	0	30,290	15,185	15,105
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	26,715	13,305	13,405
Goan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	350	195	150
Punjabi	0	0	0	4,105	2,090	2,015
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	95	60	35
Tamil	0	0	0	20	20	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	415	215	200
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	6,990	3,240	3,755
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	70	40	30
Chinese	0	0	0	2,635	1,265	1,375
Filipino	0	0	0	1,550	575	975
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Japanese	0	0	0	470	230	240
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,310	615	695
Laotian	0	0	0	370	205	170
Malaysian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	55	35	20
Thai	0	0	0	140	60	80
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	770	375	390
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	80	45	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	85	50	35
Oceania origins	0	0	0	730	410	320
Australian	0	0	0	270	160	110
New Zealander	0	0	0	80	50	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	390	205	185
Fijian	0	0	0	240	110	130
Hawaiian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Maori	0	0	0	40	30	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	520	...	...	42,985	...	...
Owner	490	...	...	29,795	...	...
Renter	30	...	...	13,195	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	525	...	...	42,985	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	12,155	...	...
Not condominium	520	...	...	30,830	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	520	...	...	42,990	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	220	...	...
1 bedroom	25	...	...	5,025	...	...
2 bedrooms	150	...	...	13,760	...	...
3 bedrooms	215	...	...	9,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	135	...	...	14,570	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	520	...	...	42,985	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	85	...	...	12,735	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	6,370	...	...
6 rooms	105	...	...	5,065	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	4,355	...	...
8 or more rooms	205	...	...	14,470	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	520	...	...	42,990	...	...
One person or fewer per room	515	...	...	41,390	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	1,600	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	520	...	...	42,990	...	...
Suitable	510	...	...	40,230	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	2,760	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	520	...	...	42,985	...	...
1960 or before	110	...	...	1,760	...	...
1961 to 1980	155	...	...	11,665	...	...
1981 to 1990	105	...	...	10,540	...	...
1991 to 2000	70	...	...	10,760	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	2,990	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	3,450	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	30	...	...	1,820	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	520	...	...	42,990	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	460	...	...	41,195	...	...
Major repairs needed	60	...	...	1,790	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	520	...	...	42,990	...	...
1 household maintainer	305	...	...	23,815	...	...
2 household maintainers	200	...	...	17,065	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	2,110	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	520	...	...	42,990	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	1,435	...	...
25 to 34 years	50	...	...	6,130	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	7,480	...	...
45 to 54 years	130	...	...	8,555	...	...
55 to 64 years	100	...	...	7,980	...	...
65 to 74 years	105	...	...	6,105	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	3,705	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	1,595	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	505	...	...	42,875	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	460	...	...	32,250	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	50	...	...	10,630	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	9,270	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	480	...	...	29,740	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.0	...	...	65.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.2	...	...	18.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	532	...	...	1,214	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	1,339	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	129,706	...	...	450,261	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	167,952	...	...	473,003	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25	...	...	13,190	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	9.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	39.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	868	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	707	...	...	956	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,045	545	505	96,585	46,710	49,875
No certificate, diploma or degree	250	160	90	20,950	10,315	10,635
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	355	145	210	32,590	16,320	16,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	445	245	200	43,045	20,080	22,965
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	135	30	8,035	5,780	2,255
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	55	25	3,665	2,100	1,570
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	90	85	10	4,365	3,680	690
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	195	80	120	15,045	5,365	9,680
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	20	15	3,975	1,540	2,435
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	45	10	30	15,995	7,390	8,605
Bachelor's degree	30	10	20	10,455	4,600	5,855
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	1,295	505	790
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	555	380	175
Master's degree	0	0	10	3,365	1,680	1,685
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	330	230	100
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	660	340	320	61,685	29,825	31,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	75	65	15	9,265	4,885	4,385
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	255	90	165	20,055	10,235	9,815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	185	145	32,365	14,705	17,655
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	105	15	5,450	4,015	1,435
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	45	35	10	2,465	1,440	1,025
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	65	0	2,985	2,580	410
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	160	65	95	11,240	3,930	7,310
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	2,840	1,120	1,725
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	10	35	12,830	5,645	7,185
Bachelor's degree	20	0	20	8,355	3,530	4,830
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	1,060	400	660
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	460	305	150
Master's degree	10	0	10	2,740	1,285	1,455
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	210	130	85
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,045	545	505	96,590	46,710	49,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	600	300	300	53,540	26,630	26,910
Education	25	10	20	3,405	945	2,460
13. Education	25	10	20	3,410	945	2,465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,230	490	745
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	225	170	55
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,005	325	685
Humanities	20	10	0	4,230	1,850	2,380
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	295	75	215
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	620	155	465
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	1,440	620	820
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	225	160	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	1,080	575	510
54. History	0	0	0	480	250	230
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	20	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	25	4,185	1,385	2,805
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	200	100	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	945	50	895
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	670	175	490
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	90	25	65
42. Psychology	0	0	0	730	205	530
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1,530	825	705
Business, management and public administration	85	0	90	7,710	2,805	4,905
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	730	180	545
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	0	80	6,970	2,625	4,345
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,190	590	595
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	490	215	270
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	400	200	195
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	205	155	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	100	20	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,425	870	555
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,180	765	410
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	0	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	125	95	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	180	175	0	8,365	7,870	495
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	120	100	15
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,250	1,085	165
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	20	10	1,305	1,175	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	75	75	0	2,280	2,210	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	45	0	2,320	2,235	90
48. Precision production	35	35	0	1,100	1,060	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	780	500	285
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	575	345	230
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	210	155	60
Health and related fields	35	0	35	7,590	1,450	6,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	485	245	240
51. Health professions and related programs	35	0	35	6,940	1,080	5,860
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	165	120	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	40	10	2,920	1,330	1,600
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,800	435	1,370
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	500	335	165
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	595	530	60
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	660	340	320	61,685	29,825	31,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	330	155	175	29,325	15,125	14,205
Education	15	0	15	2,480	615	1,860
13. Education	15	0	15	2,480	615	1,865
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	970	360	605
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	165	115	50
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	800	240	555
Humanities	10	10	10	3,155	1,300	1,850
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	215	55	165
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	445	115	330
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,205	475	725
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	165	125	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	645	330	310
54. History	0	0	0	410	195	215
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	10	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	20	3,265	1,030	2,235
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	150	80	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15	755	40	715
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	530	130	400
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	65	20	45
42. Psychology	0	0	0	505	125	380
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	1,235	630	605
Business, management and public administration	60	0	55	5,880	2,065	3,810
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	560	130	430
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	0	55	5,305	1,940	3,370
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	800	405	390
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	310	145	170
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	285	145	135
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	145	110	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	60	0	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,230	755	470
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,055	685	370
25. Library science	0	0	0	80	0	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	80	60	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	145	140	0	6,030	5,635	395
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	90	75	15
14. Engineering	0	0	0	925	805	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	25	10	950	860	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	70	70	0	1,630	1,570	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	1,635	1,565	75
48. Precision production	25	25	0	790	760	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	615	380	240
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	465	275	190
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	155	105	50
Health and related fields	20	0	20	5,740	1,150	4,590
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	390	200	190
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	20	5,210	865	4,350
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	135	85	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	35	0	2,205	1,005	1,195
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,290	310	980
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	430	285	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	465	400	60
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,045	545	500	96,585	46,710	49,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	605	300	305	53,540	26,630	26,910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	445	240	200	43,045	20,080	22,965
Location of study inside Canada	420	225	190	33,785	15,470	18,315
Same as province or territory of residence	365	195	175	27,610	12,415	15,185
Different than province or territory of residence	50	35	15	6,180	3,050	3,125
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	15	10	9,260	4,605	4,655
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	15	10	1,540	850	685
Philippines	0	0	0	555	175	380
India	0	0	0	3,515	1,735	1,780
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	730	430	300
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	215	75	135
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	10	0	0	2,700	1,330	1,370
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	660	340	320	61,685	29,825	31,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	330	155	180	29,320	15,125	14,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	330	190	140	32,360	14,705	17,660
Location of study inside Canada	310	180	135	25,235	11,390	13,835
Same as province or territory of residence	280	160	120	21,255	9,460	11,795
Different than province or territory of residence	30	15	15	3,980	1,930	2,050
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	10	7,130	3,310	3,815
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	0	1,030	550	480
Philippines	0	0	0	500	160	345
India	0	0	0	3,050	1,435	1,610
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	345	180	165
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	190	70	125
France	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other	0	0	10	1,995	910	1,090
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,045	545	505	96,585	46,710	49,880
In the labour force	600	345	260	62,490	32,625	29,860
Employed	525	285	240	58,130	30,625	27,505
Unemployed	80	65	15	4,360	1,995	2,360
Not in the labour force	440	195	245	34,105	14,085	20,010
Participation rate	57.4	63.3	51.5	64.7	69.8	59.9
Employment rate	50.2	52.3	47.5	60.2	65.6	55.1
Unemployment rate	13.3	18.8	5.8	7.0	6.1	7.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,045	545	500	96,590	46,710	49,875
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	420	185	235	31,655	13,045	18,615
Worked	625	360	265	64,935	33,670	31,265
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	325	205	120	29,280	17,625	11,650
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	300	160	145	35,655	16,040	19,615
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.2	42.6	41.3	42.5	39.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	600	345	255	62,485	32,625	29,865
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	1,015	480	535
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	585	340	250	61,475	32,145	29,330
Employee	525	300	230	54,200	27,455	26,745
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	60	45	20	7,275	4,690	2,585
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	605	345	255	62,485	32,625	29,865
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	1,010	480	530
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	590	340	250	61,475	32,140	29,330
0 Management occupations	35	15	20	5,730	3,750	1,980
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	15	55	8,275	2,195	6,075
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	25	25	10	2,280	1,870	410
3 Health occupations	35	10	30	3,890	780	3,100
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	10	20	6,355	2,085	4,275
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	1,220	545	675
6 Sales and service occupations	115	25	95	14,360	5,385	8,970
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	220	205	15	12,340	11,585	760
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	3,215	1,410	1,810
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	30	0	3,810	2,535	1,275
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	605	345	255	62,485	32,625	29,865
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	1,015	480	530
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	590	340	245	61,475	32,145	29,330
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	0	3,615	1,500	2,115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	250	220	30
22 Utilities	10	0	0	195	170	30
23 Construction	130	120	10	5,790	5,055	730
31-33 Manufacturing	45	40	0	6,300	4,510	1,790
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	10	2,500	1,640	860
44-45 Retail trade	60	25	35	6,935	2,990	3,945
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	10	15	5,255	4,375	875
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	10	800	480	325
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	15	1,730	690	1,045
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	1,060	560	500
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	15	0	2,670	1,295	1,370
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	85	45	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	10	25	2,720	1,610	1,105
61 Educational services	30	0	25	3,865	1,175	2,685
62 Health care and social assistance	65	10	55	6,205	1,030	5,175
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	10	690	310	380
72 Accommodation and food services	15	0	15	4,645	1,500	3,145
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	25	0	3,475	1,535	1,935
91 Public administration	25	15	15	2,695	1,445	1,255
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	525	285	245	58,130	30,630	27,505
Worked at home	0	10	0	3,530	1,600	1,925
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	265	165	100
No fixed workplace address	95	70	25	10,325	7,695	2,625
Worked at usual place	425	205	220	44,015	21,165	22,845
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	425	205	220	44,015	21,165	22,850
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	10	10	27,485	11,615	15,865
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	65	95	3,570	1,665	1,900
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	235	120	110	12,745	7,745	4,995
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	215	140	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	520	280	245	54,335	28,860	25,475
Car, truck, van - as a driver	460	270	195	45,805	24,895	20,920
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	0	15	4,395	2,030	2,365
Public transit	15	0	15	1,355	565	785
Walked	20	10	15	1,770	730	1,035
Bicycle	0	0	0	355	285	70
Other method	0	0	0	665	365	295
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	520	275	240	54,335	28,865	25,475
Less than 15 minutes	30	10	30	19,660	8,410	11,245
15 to 29 minutes	70	35	40	16,685	8,480	8,205
30 to 44 minutes	250	140	115	8,710	5,345	3,370
45 to 59 minutes	95	50	45	4,160	2,760	1,400
60 minutes and over	65	50	15	5,125	3,870	1,250
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	520	275	240	54,335	28,860	25,475
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	65	50	10	6,020	4,365	1,655
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	150	100	45	10,135	6,535	3,600
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	150	60	90	12,445	6,265	6,180
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	45	15	35	9,935	4,120	5,815
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	10	20	6,010	2,365	3,645
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	85	50	40	9,790	5,215	4,580
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	650	370	285	67,555	34,850	32,705
Single responses	645	365	285	65,560	33,725	31,835
Official languages	645	365	280	61,430	31,675	29,755
English	640	360	285	61,315	31,645	29,675
French	0	0	0	110	25	80
Non-official languages	0	0	0	4,130	2,045	2,080
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,135	2,050	2,085
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	20	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	30	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	3,745	1,860	1,885
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,670	1,835	1,835
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,660	1,835	1,830
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	3,645	1,825	1,825
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	45	10	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	40	10	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	130	40	90
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	145	85	60
Chinese languages	0	0	0	145	90	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	45	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	2,000	1,130	865
English and French	0	10	0	85	25	60
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,900	1,095	805
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	650	365	285	67,555	34,850	32,700
None	630	360	270	62,085	31,905	30,185
English	0	0	0	1,390	745	645
French	15	10	10	360	130	230
Non-official language	0	0	0	3,680	2,050	1,630
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	3,680	2,055	1,625
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	20	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,260	630	630	117,170	57,295	59,870
Non-movers	1,190	585	605	98,810	48,370	50,435
Movers	70	45	25	18,360	8,930	9,435
Non-migrants	35	20	10	10,240	5,000	5,245
Migrants	40	25	15	8,120	3,930	4,190
Internal migrants	40	20	15	6,460	3,175	3,280
Intraprovincial migrants	15	10	10	5,215	2,505	2,700
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	0	1,245	670	575
External migrants	10	0	0	1,660	750	910
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,205	610	590	111,335	54,345	56,990
Non-movers	1,005	510	495	62,400	30,510	31,895
Movers	200	100	100	48,935	23,840	25,105
Non-migrants	95	50	50	28,170	13,865	14,305
Migrants	100	45	50	20,765	9,970	10,800
Internal migrants	100	50	50	15,215	7,310	7,910
Intraprovincial migrants	85	35	45	12,350	5,865	6,490
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	10	2,870	1,445	1,420
External migrants	0	0	0	5,550	2,665	2,890

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Upham, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Abbotsford [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Abbotsford [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Abbotsford [Population centre], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Upham, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Abbotsford [Population centre], British Columbia