Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Moncton, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]			North Shore Nova Scotia [Economic region]
	Data quality , Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	9,811	...	...	151,264	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,421	...	...	155,696	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.1	...	...	-2.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,036	...	...	81,380	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,878	...	...	66,826	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	16.9	...	...	9.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	579.63	...	...	16,254.41	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	9,810	4,980	4,830	151,260	73,165	78,095
0 to 14 years	1,535	795	740	21,970	11,165	10,800
0 to 4 years	470	220	255	6,575	3,325	3,245
5 to 9 years	550	295	255	7,690	3,925	3,770
10 to 14 years	515	275	235	7,705	3,915	3,790
15 to 64 years	6,800	3,425	3,375	94,485	45,975	48,510
15 to 19 years	515	270	240	8,520	4,365	4,155
20 to 24 years	405	205	195	7,645	3,850	3,790
25 to 29 years	460	215	240	6,735	3,280	3,455
30 to 34 years	640	320	330	7,195	3,420	3,770
35 to 39 years	680	345	335	7,800	3,705	4,090
40 to 44 years	760	365	395	9,010	4,290	4,720
45 to 49 years	770	405	365	9,825	4,775	5,045
50 to 54 years	905	465	435	12,205	5,925	6,280
55 to 59 years	840	405	430	12,915	6,205	6,710
60 to 64 years	825	420	410	12,645	6,150	6,495
65 years and over	1,480	760	715	34,805	16,025	18,785
65 to 69 years	685	355	330	11,885	5,820	6,060
70 to 74 years	415	235	175	8,530	4,220	4,310
75 to 79 years	180	85	95	6,020	2,800	3,220
80 to 84 years	125	55	70	4,090	1,770	2,325
85 years and over	65	30	40	4,285	1,410	2,870
85 to 89 years	45	15	20	2,650	980	1,670
90 to 94 years	20	10	10	1,215	350	865
95 to 99 years	5	5	5	370	70	300
100 years and over	0	0	5	50	10	40
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	16.0	15.3	14.5	15.3	13.8
15 to 64 years	69.3	68.8	69.9	62.5	62.8	62.1
65 years and over	15.1	15.3	14.8	23.0	21.9	24.1
85 years and over	0.7	0.6	0.8	2.8	1.9	3.7
Average age of the population	42.0	41.9	42.1	45.2	44.3	46.0
Median age of the population	44.5	44.6	44.3	48.5	47.6	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,875	...	...	66,825	...	...
Single-detached house	3,205	...	...	48,985	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	30	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	125	...	...	13,020	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...	1,865	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	1,235	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	2,245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15	...	...	7,470	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	205	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	555	...	...	4,785	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
1 person	690	...	...	20,420	...	...
2 persons	1,660	...	...	26,635	...	...
3 persons	725	...	...	9,310	...	...
4 persons	565	...	...	6,955	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...	3,505	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,755	...	...	148,360	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,280	4,190	4,090	129,295	62,000	67,290
Married or living common law	5,665	2,830	2,835	75,785	37,860	37,925
Married	4,610	2,305	2,305	62,225	31,120	31,105
Living common law	1,060	530	530	13,560	6,745	6,815
Not married and not living common law	2,610	1,360	1,255	53,510	24,140	29,370
Never married	1,740	980	760	30,915	16,515	14,400
Separated	230	125	105	4,320	1,915	2,405
Divorced	355	180	175	8,250	3,550	4,700
Widowed	285	70	215	10,020	2,160	7,865
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,145	...	...	45,185	...	...
2 persons	1,755	...	...	27,085	...	...
3 persons	710	...	...	8,900	...	...
4 persons	525	...	...	6,455	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...	2,745	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,145	...	...	45,185	...	...
Total couple families	2,805	...	...	37,345	...	...
Married couples	2,275	...	...	30,560	...	...
Common-law couples	530	...	...	6,780	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	340	...	...	7,840	...	...
Female parent	245	...	...	6,150	...	...
Male parent	95	...	...	1,685	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,805	...	...	37,345	...	...
Couples without children	1,520	...	...	22,190	...	...
Couples with children	1,280	...	...	15,155	...	...
1 child	615	...	...	6,775	...	...
2 children	510	...	...	5,825	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	2,555	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	340	...	...	7,840	...	...
1 child	235	...	...	4,895	...	...
2 children	95	...	...	2,125	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	815	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,165	630	535	27,080	12,290	14,790
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
One-census-family households	2,990	...	...	43,675	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,450	...	...	21,630	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,535	...	...	22,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	80	...	...	750	...	...
Non-census-family households	810	...	...	22,405	...	...
One-person households	685	...	...	20,415	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	125	...	...	1,985	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	9,795	4,975	4,825	148,805	72,145	76,655
English only	5,315	2,830	2,485	139,900	68,490	71,410
French only	265	120	140	20	5	10
English and French	4,200	2,010	2,190	8,735	3,570	5,165
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	150	80	70
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	9,795	4,975	4,820	148,800	72,145	76,655
English	6,725	3,465	3,255	146,850	71,225	75,620
French	3,000	1,480	1,525	1,720	810	915
English and French	65	20	40	100	40	60
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	135	75	60
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,035	1,490	1,545	1,775	830	945
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	31.0	29.9	32.1	1.2	1.2	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	9,790	4,970	4,825	148,805	72,145	76,655
Single responses	9,640	4,900	4,740	148,210	71,865	76,345
Official languages	9,520	4,845	4,680	145,000	70,350	74,650
English	6,520	3,365	3,155	143,035	69,440	73,595
French	3,000	1,480	1,520	1,960	910	1,050
Non-official languages	120	55	60	3,210	1,515	1,695
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	395	170	225
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	375	160	215
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	375	160	215
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	375	155	215
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	10	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	120	55	60	2,815	1,340	1,470
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	200	115	85
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	195	115	85
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	5	0	185	110	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	25	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	25	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	260	105	160
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	225	85	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	35	35	1,755	845	905
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	190	80	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	175	75	105
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	60	25	40
Russian	5	5	5	55	20	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	5	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	5	15
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	1,025	510	510
Afrikaans	5	0	0	15	5	5
Danish	5	0	0	25	15	10
Dutch	5	5	0	440	230	205
Frisian	5	0	5	10	10	0
German	20	10	10	505	240	270
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	215	105	105
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	160	85	80
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	30	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	265	125	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	45	25	15
Portuguese	5	0	0	40	15	20
Romanian	5	5	0	15	5	5
Spanish	5	0	0	165	70	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	5	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	5	55	25	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	55	30	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	10	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	300	125	170
Chinese languages	20	10	10	300	125	170
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	30	40
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	150	60	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	65	30	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	30	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	5	5	5	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	75	80	595	280	315
English and French	140	65	80	275	125	150
English and non-official language	10	10	0	285	135	150
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	9,790	4,970	4,820	148,800	72,145	76,655
Single responses	9,595	4,890	4,705	147,970	71,765	76,205
Official languages	9,545	4,865	4,680	146,855	71,230	75,625
English	7,310	3,775	3,540	146,470	71,045	75,420
French	2,235	1,090	1,140	385	185	200
Non-official languages	50	30	20	1,115	535	580
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	40	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	80	35	45
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	30	25	1,030	500	530
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	65	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	110	60	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	15	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	140	65	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	5	0	135	60	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	20	10	485	230	250
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	35	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	35	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Russian	10	5	5	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	5	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	215	100	115
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	25	10	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	0	180	85	95
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	115	55	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Spanish	5	5	0	90	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	35	15	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	25	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	180	80	95
Chinese languages	15	5	10	175	75	100
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	100	45	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	40	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	195	80	120	835	380	455
English and French	180	75	110	150	70	85
English and non-official language	10	5	10	675	310	365
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	9,795	4,970	4,820	148,805	72,145	76,660
None	8,135	4,190	3,945	145,130	70,530	74,600
English	865	410	450	700	330	370
French	740	340	400	1,485	610	875
Non-official language	40	20	25	1,430	645	785
Aboriginal	0	0	0	270	110	160
Non-Aboriginal	40	20	25	1,160	535	625
English and French	0	0	5	5	5	0
English and non-official language	5	5	0	10	0	5
French and non-official language	10	0	5	45	30	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,225	4,160	4,065	126,440	60,820	65,620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,920	4,015	3,900	121,575	58,550	63,030
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,439	41,314	29,734	29,671	36,064	24,755
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,925	4,015	3,910	121,620	58,550	63,070
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,348	35,956	26,923	26,992	31,908	23,193
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,160	3,720	3,435	103,795	51,405	52,390
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,246	39,227	28,359	27,019	33,325	22,118
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,285	2,370	2,915	94,685	42,550	52,135
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,834	8,338	5,590	8,578	9,489	8,059
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,200	3,265	2,930	82,535	42,000	40,535
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,683	39,211	29,339	27,445	33,076	23,454
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,220	4,155	4,065	126,440	60,815	65,625
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,915	4,010	3,910	121,630	58,500	63,125
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,690	48,934	36,284	38,743	46,441	31,609
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,925	4,005	3,915	121,670	58,510	63,165
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,608	40,189	30,919	32,258	37,682	27,233
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,150	3,710	3,440	103,865	51,300	52,570
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,379	47,290	35,005	36,920	44,888	29,144
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,290	2,340	2,945	94,955	42,625	52,330
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,977	8,878	7,261	9,241	9,720	8,851
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,180	3,280	2,905	82,535	41,805	40,730
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,757	45,455	35,458	36,522	43,335	29,530
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,220	4,155	4,065	126,440	60,815	65,625
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,415	1,850	1,565	37,420	19,740	17,680
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,545	50,339	41,867	44,379	50,329	39,737
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,490	59,842	48,170	53,708	61,375	45,149
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.4	89.1	84.8	81.2	84.5	76.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.5	75.9	72.5	63.7	66.5	60.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.6	10.9	15.1	18.8	15.5	23.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	8,225	4,160	4,065	126,440	60,820	65,620
Without total income	305	140	160	4,865	2,270	2,595
With total income	7,920	4,015	3,905	121,575	58,550	63,025
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.5	96.1	96.2	96.3	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	985	410	570	16,900	6,905	9,990
$10,000 to $19,999	1,185	470	715	24,235	9,130	15,100
$20,000 to $29,999	1,175	505	675	20,185	8,395	11,795
$30,000 to $39,999	1,155	555	600	16,875	7,895	8,975
$40,000 to $49,999	985	525	460	13,295	6,990	6,305
$50,000 to $59,999	715	455	255	8,970	5,330	3,640
$60,000 to $69,999	540	340	200	5,945	3,900	2,050
$70,000 to $79,999	380	230	150	4,600	2,825	1,775
$80,000 to $89,999	255	135	120	3,460	1,960	1,505
$90,000 to $99,999	165	115	50	2,015	1,305	710
$100,000 and over	385	280	105	5,095	3,910	1,180
$100,000 to $149,999	260	190	70	3,640	2,750	890
$150,000 and over	125	90	35	1,450	1,160	290
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,230	4,155	4,065	126,440	60,820	65,625
Without after-tax income	300	140	160	4,820	2,265	2,555
With after-tax income	7,925	4,015	3,905	121,620	58,550	63,070
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.6	96.1	96.2	96.3	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,025	420	605	17,575	7,035	10,540
$10,000 to $19,999	1,265	505	760	25,715	9,810	15,910
$20,000 to $29,999	1,460	630	825	24,205	10,445	13,755
$30,000 to $39,999	1,430	740	685	20,270	10,030	10,245
$40,000 to $49,999	1,075	640	430	13,350	7,805	5,545
$50,000 to $59,999	695	445	245	8,035	5,155	2,880
$60,000 to $69,999	425	230	195	5,310	3,085	2,225
$70,000 to $79,999	220	160	65	2,800	1,835	970
$80,000 and over	335	240	100	4,360	3,355	1,010
$80,000 to $89,999	110	70	35	1,495	1,090	400
$90,000 to $99,999	55	45	15	895	685	205
$100,000 and over	170	120	50	1,985	1,580	400
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	8,225	4,160	4,065	126,440	60,820	65,625
Without employment income	2,025	895	1,140	43,905	18,820	25,085
With employment income	6,195	3,270	2,930	82,535	42,000	40,535
Percentage with employment income	75.3	78.6	72.1	65.3	69.1	61.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	750	400	355	12,975	6,320	6,650
$5,000 to $9,999	420	195	220	7,575	3,205	4,365
$10,000 to $19,999	750	335	415	12,325	5,375	6,945
$20,000 to $29,999	880	370	505	10,900	4,705	6,190
$30,000 to $39,999	810	360	445	10,055	4,620	5,435
$40,000 to $49,999	715	390	325	7,930	4,175	3,750
$50,000 to $59,999	535	340	195	5,685	3,550	2,135
$60,000 to $69,999	425	270	155	3,895	2,600	1,295
$70,000 to $79,999	280	170	105	3,445	2,070	1,375
$80,000 and over	650	440	210	7,750	5,370	2,385
$80,000 to $89,999	215	120	95	2,705	1,465	1,240
$90,000 to $99,999	135	90	40	1,455	995	465
$100,000 and over	295	225	70	3,590	2,910	680
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,875	...	...	66,825	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,240	...	...	54,975	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,358	...	...	48,764	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	685	...	...	20,420	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,704	...	...	26,722	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,248	...	...	24,804	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,190	...	...	46,405	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,697	...	...	70,587	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,448	...	...	61,868	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,875	...	...	66,825	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,157	...	...	70,516	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,777	...	...	58,731	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	685	...	...	20,425	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,220	...	...	35,416	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,131	...	...	29,974	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,195	...	...	46,400	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,089	...	...	85,965	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,714	...	...	71,388	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,875	...	...	66,825	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	880	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	1,370	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	2,165	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	4,085	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	3,940	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	3,490	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	4,130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	160	...	...	3,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...	3,480	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	175	...	...	3,275	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	320	...	...	5,765	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...	5,245	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	320	...	...	4,525	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	270	...	...	3,810	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...	3,110	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,235	...	...	13,890	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	480	...	...	5,635	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	305	...	...	3,435	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	300	...	...	3,090	...	...
$200,000 and over	155	...	...	1,725	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,875	...	...	66,825	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	920	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	1,400	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	2,205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	4,305	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	160	...	...	4,455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	160	...	...	4,090	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...	4,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...	4,380	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	3,995	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	3,810	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	410	...	...	6,880	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	5,860	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	4,755	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	290	...	...	3,695	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	255	...	...	2,815	...	...
$100,000 and over	820	...	...	8,510	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	425	...	...	4,510	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	220	...	...	2,090	...	...
$150,000 and over	175	...	...	1,910	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,095	...	...	44,970	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,689	...	...	70,557	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,405	...	...	61,806	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,410	...	...	21,190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,163	...	...	65,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,055	...	...	57,431	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,300	...	...	15,400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,840	...	...	97,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,538	...	...	82,800	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	7,320	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,360	...	...	43,181	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,096	...	...	40,358	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,115	...	...	44,935	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,432	...	...	86,173	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,884	...	...	71,472	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,390	...	...	21,155	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,181	...	...	80,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,757	...	...	66,569	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...	15,380	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,179	...	...	111,664	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,259	...	...	91,326	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	310	...	...	7,335	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,637	...	...	49,448	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,320	...	...	44,152	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	985	560	425	24,560	11,235	13,325
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,339	33,856	28,160	25,941	28,959	24,152
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,139	29,792	26,163	24,235	26,331	23,306
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	925	480	445	24,560	11,175	13,390
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,088	37,849	30,068	34,197	36,968	31,883
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,501	31,942	26,890	29,029	30,572	27,741
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	9,755	4,950	4,805	148,360	71,965	76,395
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,855	2,440	2,415	92,330	43,505	48,830
In the bottom decile	610	320	290	16,820	7,795	9,025
In the second decile	905	435	470	22,250	9,755	12,495
In the third decile	1,085	535	550	19,120	9,115	10,005
In the fourth decile	1,065	545	520	17,885	8,770	9,115
In the fifth decile	1,190	610	585	16,260	8,065	8,190
In the top half of the distribution	4,900	2,510	2,390	56,030	28,460	27,570
In the sixth decile	1,145	590	550	15,335	7,745	7,580
In the seventh decile	1,245	650	595	13,690	6,890	6,800
In the eighth decile	1,190	615	575	11,810	6,010	5,800
In the ninth decile	765	380	390	9,120	4,645	4,475
In the top decile	560	275	280	6,080	3,170	2,910
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	9,755	4,950	4,810	146,710	71,170	75,545
0 to 17 years	1,860	960	900	26,480	13,475	13,010
0 to 5 years	575	265	305	7,830	3,995	3,835
18 to 64 years	6,425	3,230	3,195	87,490	42,310	45,180
65 years and over	1,475	755	715	32,740	15,380	17,355
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,020	515	510	28,160	12,610	15,550
0 to 17 years	220	115	105	6,480	3,245	3,230
0 to 5 years	60	25	35	2,290	1,135	1,155
18 to 64 years	580	285	300	14,765	6,685	8,080
65 years and over	220	115	100	6,920	2,680	4,235
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	10.4	10.6	19.2	17.7	20.6
0 to 17 years (%)	11.8	12.0	11.7	24.5	24.1	24.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	9.4	11.5	29.2	28.4	30.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	8.8	9.4	16.9	15.8	17.9
65 years and over (%)	14.9	15.2	14.0	21.1	17.4	24.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	315	170	140	9,495	4,580	4,915
0 to 17 years	55	25	25	2,125	1,045	1,080
0 to 5 years	15	5	15	750	350	395
18 to 64 years	240	135	105	6,925	3,345	3,585
65 years and over	15	10	5	445	190	255
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.4	2.9	6.5	6.4	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	2.6	2.8	8.0	7.8	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	1.9	4.9	9.6	8.8	10.3
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7	4.2	3.3	7.9	7.9	7.9
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.3	0.7	1.4	1.2	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	9,755	4,965	4,790	148,365	71,965	76,395
Official languages	9,730	4,940	4,790	148,210	71,880	76,330
English	9,450	4,790	4,660	148,180	71,865	76,310
French	4,490	2,100	2,390	8,655	3,540	5,115
Non-official languages	285	140	145	5,095	2,370	2,720
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	520	205	315
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	505	200	305
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	500	200	305
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	500	195	300
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	280	140	145	4,575	2,165	2,410
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	250	140	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	250	140	110
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	245	135	115
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	320	130	190
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	60	25	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	275	110	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	65	30	40
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	20	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	35
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	45	15	25
Telugu	0	0	0	20	15	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	190	100	90	3,000	1,455	1,545
Albanian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	265	135	135
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	255	130	120
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	60	25	30
Russian	10	10	10	110	50	60
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	260	115	145
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	250	110	140
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	60	35	25	1,345	675	675
Afrikaans	10	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dutch	10	10	0	525	245	280
Frisian	10	0	0	25	20	10
German	50	30	20	790	395	390
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Swedish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	490	240	245
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	395	200	195
Bengali	0	0	0	60	35	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	155	80	75
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	90	40	50
Iranian languages	0	0	0	95	40	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	45	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	110	50	55	740	330	405
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	15	70	45	25
Portuguese	10	10	0	55	20	40
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	90	45	40	625	275	345
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	95	45	50
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	95	55	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	10	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	30	20	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	35	215	80	130
American Sign Language	10	10	10	70	15	60
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	135	65	75
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	365	155	210
Chinese languages	20	0	10	365	155	210
Cantonese	0	10	0	105	45	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	225	85	135
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	50	20	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	35	10	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	9,755	4,960	4,790	148,360	71,965	76,400
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,610	4,910	4,700	145,945	70,770	75,175
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,860	985	880	26,830	13,665	13,175
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,745	3,920	3,820	119,115	57,110	62,005
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	145	50	90	2,415	1,190	1,220
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	9,755	4,965	4,790	148,365	71,965	76,395
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,445	4,835	4,610	142,585	69,135	73,450
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	290	130	165	5,225	2,530	2,695
Before 1981	135	45	85	2,510	1,240	1,270
1981 to 1990	35	20	15	480	255	225
1991 to 2000	20	20	0	475	200	275
2001 to 2010	75	25	45	930	420	510
2001 to 2005	35	10	30	350	145	205
2006 to 2010	35	15	20	580	265	310
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	25	10	15	835	420	415
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	20	10	15	550	300	250
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	285	125	160	5,225	2,535	2,695
Under 5 years	45	10	35	755	360	395
5 to 14 years	95	35	60	1,010	510	495
15 to 24 years	55	20	30	955	440	515
25 to 44 years	80	55	20	2,050	985	1,060
45 years and over	15	0	10	460	240	220
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	290	125	165	5,225	2,535	2,695
Americas	115	40	75	1,225	585	635
Brazil	0	0	0	0	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	15	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	55	30	25
Mexico	0	0	0	35	10	25
Peru	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	105	30	80	945	445	500
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	130	65	65
Europe	130	60	70	2,655	1,305	1,350
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	30	0	20
France	10	0	10	50	30	20
Germany	15	0	10	295	145	155
Greece	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungary	10	0	10	10	0	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Italy	15	10	10	30	25	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	480	260	220
Poland	0	0	0	45	20	30
Portugal	10	0	0	15	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	10	0	0	30	10	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	30	30	1,395	650	740
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	10	185	110	75
Africa	15	10	0	170	110	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	105	65	40
Asia	20	10	15	1,135	505	630
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	45	30	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	150	55	100
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	175	90	90
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	100	45	50
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Lebanon	10	10	0	50	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	70	35	35
Philippines	0	0	10	280	110	175
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	110	60	50
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	40	20	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	10	10	835	415	410
Americas	0	0	0	130	70	55
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	25	15
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	70	45	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	10	10
Europe	0	0	0	200	95	105
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	130	55	80
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	50	35	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	10	15	0
Asia	15	10	10	445	205	235
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	35	15	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	95	50	45
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	10	0	0	220	85	135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	15	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	9,755	4,965	4,790	148,360	71,965	76,395
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	340	145	195	6,270	3,040	3,230
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	580	295	285	8,965	4,305	4,660
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,835	4,520	4,310	133,125	64,615	68,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	160	80	80	2,780	1,325	1,450
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	105	45	65	1,640	825	810
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	45	30	15	705	470	230
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	60	10	45	935	355	580
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	55	35	20	985	410	575
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	125	70	55
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	9,755	4,965	4,790	148,360	71,965	76,400
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	225	115	110	7,200	3,450	3,745
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	210	110	100	7,005	3,360	3,645
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	85	40	45	3,815	1,795	2,020
Métis	130	70	60	3,105	1,520	1,585
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	100	50	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	10	100	45	55
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,530	4,850	4,685	141,160	68,515	72,650
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	9,755	4,965	4,790	148,365	71,965	76,395
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	55	25	30	3,020	1,415	1,610
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,700	4,940	4,760	145,340	70,550	74,790
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	9,755	4,965	4,795	148,360	71,965	76,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	10	15	2,045	1,010	1,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	10	10	2,035	1,000	1,035
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	15	1,765	885	885
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	255	110	145
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	415	200	220	8,005	3,660	4,350
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	405	185	220	7,790	3,550	4,235
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	130	160	4,705	2,105	2,600
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	115	55	60	2,950	1,380	1,570
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	140	65	70
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	0	215	105	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	205	90	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	9,315	4,755	4,560	138,310	67,295	71,015
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	9,755	4,965	4,790	148,360	71,965	76,395
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	30	40	4,820	2,325	2,495
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	670	325	345
Chinese	10	0	0	430	145	285
Black	30	15	15	2,585	1,335	1,255
Filipino	0	0	10	355	165	195
Latin American	10	10	0	155	65	90
Arab	0	0	0	195	105	90
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	10	100	40	60
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	95	50	50
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Japanese	0	0	0	65	20	45
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	10	70	30	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	9,685	4,935	4,750	143,545	69,640	73,900
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	9,755	4,960	4,790	148,360	71,965	76,395
North American Aboriginal origins	440	205	230	10,050	4,670	5,385
First Nations (North American Indian)	320	150	170	6,680	3,090	3,595
Inuit	0	0	0	170	90	80
Métis	130	70	60	3,425	1,600	1,825
Other North American origins	5,770	2,960	2,815	69,760	33,900	35,865
Acadian	465	235	230	2,560	1,250	1,315
American	115	60	55	995	515	480
Canadian	5,465	2,785	2,680	67,070	32,550	34,520
New Brunswicker	10	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	125	70	55
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	185	100	85
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	15	10	0	55	20	40
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	6,100	3,060	3,035	103,500	49,895	53,610
British Isles origins	4,360	2,160	2,205	90,715	43,640	47,075
Channel Islander	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	10
English	2,420	1,180	1,240	42,425	19,985	22,440
Irish	1,760	870	890	32,385	15,000	17,390
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	1,890	975	910	57,375	27,795	29,575
Welsh	135	70	65	2,290	1,040	1,245
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	210	90	120	2,150	960	1,190
French origins	2,685	1,310	1,380	23,145	10,830	12,320
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,690	1,310	1,380	23,140	10,820	12,315
Western European origins (except French origins)	930	455	475	16,175	7,575	8,600
Austrian	25	20	0	250	130	125
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	10	0	625	305	315
Dutch	180	80	100	4,985	2,255	2,730
Flemish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	20	0	15
German	730	365	365	11,150	5,240	5,905
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	25	10	20	455	220	235
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	95	50	40	2,355	1,090	1,270
Danish	35	25	15	750	335	415
Finnish	0	0	0	160	65	90
Icelandic	15	0	15	55	20	30
Norwegian	10	10	10	665	340	325
Swedish	20	15	10	555	195	360
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	15	10	265	165	105
Eastern European origins	195	90	105	3,245	1,580	1,670
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Byelorussian	10	0	10	30	10	20
Czech	25	15	10	155	75	75
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	85	30	55
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	40	15	30	305	115	190
Latvian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	155	75	85
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	10	30	1,185	580	595
Romanian	10	0	0	110	60	45
Russian	60	35	25	480	235	245
Slovak	0	0	0	90	45	45
Ukrainian	40	25	15	930	460	470
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern European origins	160	55	105	2,615	1,270	1,345
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	110	70	40
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	15	220	125	95
Italian	85	30	55	1,305	630	675
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	20	10
Maltese	10	0	0	35	25	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	20	15	385	160	225
Serbian	10	0	10	30	15	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	20	0	10	410	200	215
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	70	20	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	40	25	15	320	215	105
Basque	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	95	65	30
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	15	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	20	15	210	130	80
Caribbean origins	10	0	0	465	225	235
Antiguan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	250	130	125
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	40	20	20
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	20	15	0	315	170	150
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	10	15	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Chilean	0	10	0	40	25	10
Colombian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	40	10	30
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	95	60	35
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	20	10	10	1,830	865	970
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	85	50	40
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	10	0	120	35	80
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	45	15	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Southern and East African origins	15	0	10	95	40	45
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	0	15
South African	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	1,540	740	800
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	240	110	125
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	1,300	625	680
Asian origins	70	20	55	2,850	1,310	1,545
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	35	15	20	785	390	395
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Armenian	10	0	10	25	20	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	130	55	80
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	10	410	235	175
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syrian	15	10	0	130	65	65
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	815	395	425
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	20	15	10
East Indian	0	0	0	610	295	320
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	100	55	45
Punjabi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	35	0	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	30	20	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	10	30	1,205	510	700
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	15	0	0	585	225	355
Filipino	10	0	10	330	160	165
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	110	40	70
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	95	45	50
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	35	0	30
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	55	30	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	55	15	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	55	20	35
Oceania origins	20	10	10	100	40	55
Australian	20	15	10	55	25	35
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	15	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
Owner	3,600	...	...	49,465	...	...
Renter	275	...	...	16,860	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,875	...	...	66,825	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	905	...	...
Not condominium	3,855	...	...	65,920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	65	...	...
1 bedroom	135	...	...	6,460	...	...
2 bedrooms	890	...	...	18,070	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,840	...	...	27,030	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,005	...	...	15,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	515	...	...	13,335	...	...
5 rooms	670	...	...	12,165	...	...
6 rooms	695	...	...	11,880	...	...
7 rooms	550	...	...	9,745	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,450	...	...	19,700	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,875	...	...	66,825	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,855	...	...	66,600	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
Suitable	3,805	...	...	65,305	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	1,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,875	...	...	66,825	...	...
1960 or before	350	...	...	22,060	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,245	...	...	18,190	...	...
1981 to 1990	695	...	...	9,310	...	...
1991 to 2000	620	...	...	7,400	...	...
2001 to 2005	250	...	...	3,180	...	...
2006 to 2010	355	...	...	3,865	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	360	...	...	2,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,665	...	...	59,925	...	...
Major repairs needed	215	...	...	6,905	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,880	...	...	42,140	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,935	...	...	24,055	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	60	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,880	...	...	66,825	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	1,665	...	...
25 to 34 years	430	...	...	6,695	...	...
35 to 44 years	750	...	...	9,130	...	...
45 to 54 years	885	...	...	12,410	...	...
55 to 64 years	890	...	...	14,905	...	...
65 to 74 years	665	...	...	12,675	...	...
75 to 84 years	165	...	...	6,785	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	2,555	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,840	...	...	65,325	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,395	...	...	52,785	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	445	...	...	12,530	...	...
30% to less than 100%	385	...	...	11,300	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,580	...	...	48,605	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.3	...	...	50.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.0	...	...	11.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	837	...	...	662	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	971	...	...	811	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,980	...	...	149,619	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	207,466	...	...	170,570	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	275	...	...	16,815	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	15.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.7	...	...	42.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	850	...	...	714	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	837	...	...	743	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,220	4,155	4,065	126,440	60,815	65,630
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,640	960	685	28,470	15,105	13,370
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,365	1,245	1,120	32,905	15,950	16,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,210	1,950	2,265	65,065	29,760	35,305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	930	730	200	13,960	9,970	3,990
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	390	255	135	7,850	4,725	3,120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	540	475	65	6,110	5,245	865
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,970	780	1,190	29,385	10,940	18,450
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	30	120	2,875	1,015	1,860
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,165	410	755	18,845	7,845	11,000
Bachelor's degree	860	290	565	12,615	5,060	7,555
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	20	60	1,110	425	685
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	25	610	340	280
Master's degree	165	70	95	3,880	1,680	2,200
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	620	345	280
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,865	2,925	2,940	77,600	37,235	40,365
No certificate, diploma or degree	780	515	270	11,025	6,535	4,490
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,635	875	765	19,860	9,855	10,010
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,455	1,545	1,910	46,715	20,850	25,865
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	650	520	130	9,225	6,615	2,605
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	290	205	80	5,165	3,110	2,055
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	365	310	50	4,060	3,505	555
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,680	650	1,035	21,595	8,215	13,380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	20	75	1,710	595	1,110
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,035	365	665	14,195	5,420	8,775
Bachelor's degree	770	265	510	9,645	3,685	5,960
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	20	45	745	220	530
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	20	490	235	250
Master's degree	150	65	90	2,880	1,080	1,800
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	435	200	235
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,220	4,155	4,065	126,440	60,815	65,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,005	2,205	1,800	61,375	31,050	30,325
Education	260	40	220	5,780	1,615	4,165
13. Education	265	40	225	5,785	1,620	4,165
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	25	50	995	450	535
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	185	145	40
50. Visual and performing arts	65	20	40	805	310	495
Humanities	125	35	85	2,235	925	1,310
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	100	10	90
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15	515	160	355
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	35	555	220	330
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	120	55	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	15	435	240	190
54. History	25	10	20	405	210	190
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	15	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215	35	180	4,905	1,230	3,680
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	70	10	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	220	105	120
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	1,515	95	1,420
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	40	855	215	640
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	70	0	70
42. Psychology	50	10	40	910	200	715
45. Social sciences	50	20	35	1,260	600	655
Business, management and public administration	1,010	235	780	13,575	3,115	10,455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	40	0	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	10	55	1,145	240	900
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	935	225	710	12,390	2,870	9,520
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	25	70	1,695	865	830
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	10	40	665	305	360
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	0	30	435	220	220
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	35	0	30
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	450	320	130
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	110	20	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	105	70	1,830	980	850
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	105	60	1,480	830	650
25. Library science	0	0	10	130	0	120
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	205	130	75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	20	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,200	1,115	80	15,465	14,735	735
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	115	65	50
14. Engineering	75	65	0	1,145	1,010	135
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	245	210	35	2,495	2,215	280
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	285	280	0	4,315	4,255	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	405	380	25	4,830	4,735	100
48. Precision production	180	175	10	2,560	2,450	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	60	30	2,195	1,405	790
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	35	25	1,300	655	650
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	10	895	755	140
Health and related fields	630	90	545	10,835	1,390	9,445
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	15	25	585	280	305
51. Health professions and related programs	560	55	505	10,085	1,000	9,085
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	15	15	170	105	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	330	180	150	5,555	3,055	2,500
12. Personal and culinary services	165	25	140	2,850	680	2,170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	125	130	0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	805	580	220
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	120	10	1,770	1,660	110
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,870	2,930	2,940	77,595	37,235	40,365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,415	1,385	1,030	30,880	16,385	14,500
Education	185	20	170	3,730	895	2,840
13. Education	185	20	170	3,730	895	2,840
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	20	45	720	315	405
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	10	125	90	40
50. Visual and performing arts	55	15	35	590	220	370
Humanities	100	20	75	1,560	650	915
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	60	10	50
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	15	340	90	245
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	30	435	185	250
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	85	40	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15	235	135	100
54. History	15	0	10	320	160	160
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	80	15	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	35	160	3,970	910	3,065
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	0	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	180	85	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45	1,245	70	1,170
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	35	710	120	590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	10	50
42. Psychology	45	0	35	710	145	560
45. Social sciences	45	15	30	1,020	475	550
Business, management and public administration	900	205	695	9,620	2,265	7,350
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	30	10	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	50	945	180	765
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	840	200	635	8,635	2,080	6,555
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	25	65	1,120	545	580
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	505	230	280
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	275	125	150
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	270	180	90
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	50	15	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	170	105	65	1,530	840	685
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	105	60	1,280	735	545
25. Library science	0	0	10	85	10	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	150	90	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	945	865	80	10,795	10,185	610
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	75	40	40
14. Engineering	65	55	0	740	640	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	225	185	35	1,740	1,495	245
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	175	0	3,120	3,075	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	330	305	30	3,445	3,365	80
48. Precision production	140	130	10	1,670	1,570	105
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	45	25	1,640	995	645
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	20	20	965	435	525
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	675	560	120
Health and related fields	490	80	415	7,900	1,025	6,875
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	15	25	410	195	210
51. Health professions and related programs	435	55	380	7,370	745	6,625
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	125	90	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	125	120	4,125	2,230	1,895
12. Personal and culinary services	140	25	115	2,190	540	1,650
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	40	45	0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	585	420	165
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	80	0	1,300	1,225	75
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,220	4,155	4,065	126,440	60,810	65,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,005	2,210	1,800	61,375	31,050	30,320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,210	1,950	2,265	65,065	29,765	35,305
Location of study inside Canada	4,115	1,895	2,225	62,195	28,310	33,885
Same as province or territory of residence	3,250	1,455	1,790	49,955	22,145	27,815
Different than province or territory of residence	870	435	435	12,240	6,170	6,070
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	55	35	2,870	1,455	1,415
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	20	20	1,055	570	485
Philippines	0	0	0	175	55	120
India	0	0	0	140	65	70
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	10	600	340	260
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	10	30	15	15
France	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other	20	20	10	860	395	460
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,870	2,930	2,940	77,600	37,235	40,365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,410	1,385	1,030	30,880	16,385	14,500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,455	1,545	1,915	46,715	20,850	25,865
Location of study inside Canada	3,375	1,505	1,870	44,780	19,955	24,820
Same as province or territory of residence	2,655	1,150	1,500	36,195	15,760	20,435
Different than province or territory of residence	725	355	375	8,585	4,195	4,385
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	80	45	35	1,935	890	1,045
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	15	25	655	300	355
Philippines	0	0	0	150	50	95
India	0	0	0	115	55	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	360	200	160
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other	20	20	0	625	265	360
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,220	4,155	4,065	126,440	60,810	65,625
In the labour force	5,670	3,020	2,650	73,125	37,380	35,745
Employed	5,270	2,775	2,500	64,820	32,120	32,700
Unemployed	395	245	155	8,305	5,260	3,045
Not in the labour force	2,550	1,135	1,415	53,310	23,430	29,880
Participation rate	69.0	72.7	65.2	57.8	61.5	54.5
Employment rate	64.1	66.8	61.5	51.3	52.8	49.8
Unemployment rate	7.0	8.1	5.8	11.4	14.1	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,220	4,155	4,065	126,440	60,815	65,630
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,265	1,000	1,270	48,475	21,105	27,370
Worked	5,955	3,155	2,795	77,970	39,710	38,260
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,465	1,885	1,585	38,410	20,410	18,005
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,485	1,270	1,210	39,560	19,300	20,255
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.0	42.8	41.0	40.5	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,665	3,020	2,650	73,130	37,385	35,745
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	30	30	1,360	765	595
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,990	2,620	71,770	36,620	35,155
Employee	5,025	2,575	2,445	64,550	32,035	32,520
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	590	415	175	7,215	4,585	2,635
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,670	3,020	2,650	73,130	37,380	35,745
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	30	30	1,355	765	595
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,990	2,620	71,770	36,620	35,150
0 Management occupations	575	335	235	6,575	3,930	2,645
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	855	185	670	9,410	2,250	7,155
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	235	60	2,840	2,235	600
3 Health occupations	430	80	350	5,925	775	5,150
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	450	115	340	8,265	2,535	5,720
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	30	45	1,465	550	920
6 Sales and service occupations	1,315	535	780	16,800	6,240	10,560
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,265	1,185	80	12,815	12,180	630
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	95	20	3,705	3,130	575
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	245	195	50	3,970	2,775	1,190
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,670	3,015	2,650	73,125	37,380	35,745
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	25	30	1,360	765	595
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,995	2,620	71,765	36,620	35,155
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	85	75	10	4,210	3,315	900
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	45	35	885	820	65
22 Utilities	25	20	0	350	285	60
23 Construction	545	480	60	5,840	5,280	560
31-33 Manufacturing	475	365	110	7,085	5,070	2,020
41 Wholesale trade	315	210	100	2,155	1,555	600
44-45 Retail trade	655	305	345	10,540	4,705	5,835
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	465	340	130	2,990	2,345	645
51 Information and cultural industries	90	55	30	855	455	395
52 Finance and insurance	265	45	220	1,320	440	880
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	35	30	735	440	295
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	185	100	85	2,305	1,070	1,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	345	165	180
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	290	190	105	2,510	1,565	950
61 Educational services	275	60	215	5,570	1,860	3,710
62 Health care and social assistance	665	135	530	10,365	1,380	8,980
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	50	80	1,285	525	760
72 Accommodation and food services	315	100	215	5,080	1,570	3,510
81 Other services (except public administration)	385	245	145	2,920	1,455	1,470
91 Public administration	295	140	150	4,420	2,325	2,100
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,275	2,775	2,500	64,820	32,120	32,700
Worked at home	360	185	170	4,385	2,260	2,130
Worked outside Canada	20	15	10	200	135	60
No fixed workplace address	645	520	125	8,060	6,140	1,920
Worked at usual place	4,250	2,055	2,195	52,180	23,585	28,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,250	2,050	2,195	52,180	23,585	28,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	280	185	95	18,785	8,550	10,230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,670	1,720	1,950	25,535	10,615	14,915
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	255	105	145	6,525	3,565	2,960
Commute to a different province or territory	45	40	0	1,335	845	485
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,895	2,575	2,325	60,240	29,725	30,515
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,370	2,315	2,060	51,635	25,710	25,925
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	375	155	220	4,395	1,910	2,480
Public transit	20	10	10	370	250	125
Walked	65	45	20	2,895	1,265	1,635
Bicycle	10	0	0	140	105	35
Other method	65	45	20	800	490	310
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,895	2,570	2,325	60,240	29,720	30,515
Less than 15 minutes	920	495	425	27,820	12,410	15,410
15 to 29 minutes	3,135	1,580	1,560	19,335	9,300	10,035
30 to 44 minutes	635	380	260	6,620	3,775	2,850
45 to 59 minutes	75	40	35	2,835	1,665	1,170
60 minutes and over	120	80	45	3,630	2,580	1,050
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,890	2,575	2,325	60,240	29,725	30,515
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	250	185	70	4,660	3,320	1,335
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	865	590	275	11,135	6,190	4,945
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,990	970	1,015	18,545	9,315	9,230
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	870	355	520	11,995	4,265	7,735
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	245	100	145	4,465	1,460	3,010
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	675	375	295	9,435	5,175	4,260
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,055	3,205	2,845	80,225	40,745	39,485
Single responses	5,635	2,995	2,635	79,975	40,625	39,350
Official languages	5,630	3,000	2,635	79,895	40,570	39,325
English	4,935	2,740	2,190	79,620	40,525	39,100
French	700	255	445	275	50	230
Non-official languages	0	0	0	80	55	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	60	50	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	45	30	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35	30	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	25	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	420	215	210	250	120	135
English and French	420	210	210	130	65	65
English and non-official language	10	0	0	120	55	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,050	3,210	2,845	80,230	40,740	39,485
None	4,375	2,375	2,000	78,775	40,100	38,670
English	505	200	305	210	60	150
French	1,170	630	540	875	440	435
Non-official language	0	0	0	335	120	210
Aboriginal	0	0	0	140	45	90
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	195	75	120
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	30	20	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,665	4,915	4,755	147,235	71,345	75,885
Non-movers	8,755	4,470	4,285	131,415	63,885	67,530
Movers	905	440	470	15,820	7,465	8,355
Non-migrants	445	210	235	8,495	4,040	4,455
Migrants	465	235	230	7,320	3,425	3,900
Internal migrants	455	230	220	6,825	3,170	3,655
Intraprovincial migrants	330	175	155	4,755	2,150	2,610
Interprovincial migrants	120	50	65	2,065	1,015	1,050
External migrants	15	0	10	500	255	240
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,240	4,720	4,525	141,780	68,720	73,060
Non-movers	6,730	3,495	3,235	99,830	49,055	50,775
Movers	2,515	1,225	1,285	41,955	19,665	22,285
Non-migrants	1,095	525	570	21,835	10,340	11,495
Migrants	1,415	695	720	20,115	9,325	10,795
Internal migrants	1,375	680	700	18,755	8,645	10,115
Intraprovincial migrants	1,050	530	520	12,865	5,845	7,025
Interprovincial migrants	325	150	180	5,895	2,805	3,090
External migrants	35	15	20	1,360	675	680

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Moncton, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and North Shore [Economic region], Nova Scotia