Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Annapolis Valley [Economic region], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Moncton, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]			Annapolis Valley Nova Scotia [Economic region]
	Data quality , Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Annapolis Valley [Economic region], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	9,811	...	...	123,749	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,421	...	...	123,649	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.1	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,036	...	...	59,780	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,878	...	...	52,767	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	16.9	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	579.63	...	...	8,367.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	9,810	4,980	4,830	123,750	60,235	63,515
0 to 14 years	1,535	795	740	18,840	9,650	9,185
0 to 4 years	470	220	255	5,915	3,050	2,865
5 to 9 years	550	295	255	6,455	3,365	3,090
10 to 14 years	515	275	235	6,470	3,245	3,225
15 to 64 years	6,800	3,425	3,375	79,035	38,645	40,385
15 to 19 years	515	270	240	7,240	3,810	3,430
20 to 24 years	405	205	195	6,245	3,110	3,135
25 to 29 years	460	215	240	5,880	2,900	2,985
30 to 34 years	640	320	330	6,225	2,995	3,235
35 to 39 years	680	345	335	6,690	3,155	3,535
40 to 44 years	760	365	395	7,515	3,605	3,915
45 to 49 years	770	405	365	8,385	4,055	4,335
50 to 54 years	905	465	435	10,470	5,120	5,350
55 to 59 years	840	405	430	10,750	5,245	5,510
60 to 64 years	825	420	410	9,615	4,660	4,960
65 years and over	1,480	760	715	25,880	11,935	13,940
65 to 69 years	685	355	330	8,850	4,370	4,480
70 to 74 years	415	235	175	6,305	2,995	3,310
75 to 79 years	180	85	95	4,625	2,180	2,445
80 to 84 years	125	55	70	3,160	1,410	1,745
85 years and over	65	30	40	2,940	975	1,970
85 to 89 years	45	15	20	1,825	690	1,130
90 to 94 years	20	10	10	840	225	615
95 to 99 years	5	5	5	235	55	185
100 years and over	0	0	5	40	10	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	16.0	15.3	15.2	16.0	14.5
15 to 64 years	69.3	68.8	69.9	63.9	64.2	63.6
65 years and over	15.1	15.3	14.8	20.9	19.8	21.9
85 years and over	0.7	0.6	0.8	2.4	1.6	3.1
Average age of the population	42.0	41.9	42.1	44.0	43.1	44.9
Median age of the population	44.5	44.6	44.3	46.9	46.0	47.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,875	...	...	52,765	...	...
Single-detached house	3,205	...	...	41,160	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	20	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	125	...	...	9,665	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...	2,610	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	975	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	1,110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15	...	...	4,870	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	105	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	555	...	...	1,930	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,880	...	...	52,765	...	...
1 person	690	...	...	14,155	...	...
2 persons	1,660	...	...	21,795	...	...
3 persons	725	...	...	7,750	...	...
4 persons	565	...	...	6,135	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...	2,940	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,755	...	...	121,620	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,280	4,190	4,090	104,910	50,580	54,330
Married or living common law	5,665	2,830	2,835	64,645	32,245	32,410
Married	4,610	2,305	2,305	52,270	26,090	26,185
Living common law	1,060	530	530	12,380	6,155	6,220
Not married and not living common law	2,610	1,360	1,255	40,260	18,345	21,920
Never married	1,740	980	760	23,390	12,645	10,745
Separated	230	125	105	3,160	1,420	1,740
Divorced	355	180	175	6,670	2,815	3,850
Widowed	285	70	215	7,050	1,455	5,590
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,145	...	...	37,745	...	...
2 persons	1,755	...	...	22,475	...	...
3 persons	710	...	...	7,385	...	...
4 persons	525	...	...	5,645	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...	2,240	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,145	...	...	37,745	...	...
Total couple families	2,805	...	...	31,905	...	...
Married couples	2,275	...	...	25,715	...	...
Common-law couples	530	...	...	6,185	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	340	...	...	5,845	...	...
Female parent	245	...	...	4,590	...	...
Male parent	95	...	...	1,255	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,805	...	...	31,900	...	...
Couples without children	1,520	...	...	18,765	...	...
Couples with children	1,280	...	...	13,135	...	...
1 child	615	...	...	5,825	...	...
2 children	510	...	...	5,200	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	2,110	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	340	...	...	5,840	...	...
1 child	235	...	...	3,710	...	...
2 children	95	...	...	1,560	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	575	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,165	630	535	19,860	9,210	10,650
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,880	...	...	52,770	...	...
One-census-family households	2,990	...	...	36,310	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,450	...	...	18,200	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,535	...	...	18,105	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	80	...	...	710	...	...
Non-census-family households	810	...	...	15,745	...	...
One-person households	685	...	...	14,160	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	125	...	...	1,585	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	9,795	4,975	4,825	122,190	59,650	62,540
English only	5,315	2,830	2,485	113,240	55,730	57,510
French only	265	120	140	75	30	45
English and French	4,200	2,010	2,190	8,690	3,795	4,900
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	180	90	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	9,795	4,975	4,820	122,185	59,650	62,540
English	6,725	3,465	3,255	119,990	58,520	61,475
French	3,000	1,480	1,525	1,940	1,005	935
English and French	65	20	40	95	45	45
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	160	80	80
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,035	1,490	1,545	1,990	1,025	960
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	31.0	29.9	32.1	1.6	1.7	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	9,790	4,970	4,825	122,185	59,650	62,540
Single responses	9,640	4,900	4,740	121,625	59,375	62,255
Official languages	9,520	4,845	4,680	118,575	57,945	60,635
English	6,520	3,365	3,155	116,520	56,900	59,625
French	3,000	1,480	1,520	2,055	1,045	1,010
Non-official languages	120	55	60	3,045	1,425	1,620
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	105	45	60
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	80	35	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	75	30	45
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	120	55	60	2,940	1,380	1,560
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	220	120	105
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Semitic languages	0	0	0	205	115	95
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	5	0	195	100	90
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	15	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	150	45	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	120	40	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	30	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	35	35	1,975	945	1,030
Albanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Armenian	5	5	5	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	215	95	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	200	85	115
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	75	25	45
Russian	5	5	5	35	15	25
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	1,405	660	745
Afrikaans	5	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	5	0	0	15	10	5
Dutch	5	5	0	425	205	220
Frisian	5	0	5	20	10	5
German	20	10	10	890	410	475
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Greek	5	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	245	130	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	45	25	15
Portuguese	5	0	0	40	20	20
Romanian	5	5	0	15	10	5
Spanish	5	0	0	150	80	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	5	50	20	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	5	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	290	145	145
Chinese languages	20	10	10	280	140	140
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	165	85	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	55	30	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	65	25	35
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hungarian	5	5	5	30	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	75	80	565	275	290
English and French	140	65	80	280	135	140
English and non-official language	10	10	0	260	130	130
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	9,790	4,970	4,820	122,185	59,650	62,540
Single responses	9,595	4,890	4,705	121,515	59,320	62,195
Official languages	9,545	4,865	4,680	120,265	58,705	61,560
English	7,310	3,775	3,540	119,580	58,370	61,210
French	2,235	1,090	1,140	690	340	350
Non-official languages	50	30	20	1,250	615	640
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	15	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	30	25	1,230	600	630
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages	0	0	0	105	50	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	105	45	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	50	25	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	5	0	50	25	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	20	10	760	375	380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	55	20	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Russian	10	5	5	15	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	565	270	295
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	45	20	20
Frisian	5	0	0	5	5	0
German	10	5	0	495	235	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	105	65	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	5	15	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	5	5	0	80	50	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	45	25	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	30	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	165	90	75
Chinese languages	15	5	10	165	90	80
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	110	65	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	35	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	15	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	195	80	120	670	330	345
English and French	180	75	110	105	50	55
English and non-official language	10	5	10	550	270	280
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	9,795	4,970	4,820	122,185	59,650	62,540
None	8,135	4,190	3,945	118,715	58,055	60,660
English	865	410	450	860	415	445
French	740	340	400	1,375	620	760
Non-official language	40	20	25	1,155	515	645
Aboriginal	0	0	0	110	50	60
Non-Aboriginal	40	20	25	1,050	465	585
English and French	0	0	5	15	10	5
English and non-official language	5	5	0	5	5	5
French and non-official language	10	0	5	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,225	4,160	4,065	102,815	49,785	53,025
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,920	4,015	3,900	98,305	47,640	50,665
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,439	41,314	29,734	29,971	37,523	24,347
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,925	4,015	3,910	98,360	47,645	50,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,348	35,956	26,923	27,211	33,044	22,683
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,160	3,720	3,435	84,950	42,635	42,310
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,246	39,227	28,359	27,990	35,456	21,931
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,285	2,370	2,915	73,570	32,260	41,315
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,834	8,338	5,590	7,741	8,427	7,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,200	3,265	2,930	67,350	34,715	32,640
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,683	39,211	29,339	28,177	34,789	23,164
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,220	4,155	4,065	102,820	49,835	52,980
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,915	4,010	3,910	98,210	47,615	50,595
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,690	48,934	36,284	37,834	45,419	30,695
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,925	4,005	3,915	98,275	47,615	50,660
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,608	40,189	30,919	31,743	37,374	26,451
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,150	3,710	3,440	84,970	42,725	42,240
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,379	47,290	35,005	36,312	43,889	28,649
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,290	2,340	2,945	73,655	32,185	41,470
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,977	8,878	7,261	8,560	8,934	8,269
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,180	3,280	2,905	67,350	34,795	32,560
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,757	45,455	35,458	35,586	42,003	28,728
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,220	4,155	4,065	102,820	49,835	52,980
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,415	1,850	1,565	32,270	18,075	14,195
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,545	50,339	41,867	44,585	51,552	38,719
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,490	59,842	48,170	50,983	57,039	43,272
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.4	89.1	84.8	82.9	86.4	78.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.5	75.9	72.5	64.6	67.5	60.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.6	10.9	15.1	17.1	13.6	22.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	8,225	4,160	4,065	102,815	49,785	53,030
Without total income	305	140	160	4,510	2,150	2,365
With total income	7,920	4,015	3,905	98,305	47,640	50,665
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.5	96.1	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	985	410	570	14,285	5,550	8,730
$10,000 to $19,999	1,185	470	715	19,060	6,905	12,150
$20,000 to $29,999	1,175	505	675	15,855	6,660	9,195
$30,000 to $39,999	1,155	555	600	13,245	6,280	6,965
$40,000 to $49,999	985	525	460	10,665	5,595	5,065
$50,000 to $59,999	715	455	255	7,425	4,500	2,925
$60,000 to $69,999	540	340	200	5,445	3,720	1,720
$70,000 to $79,999	380	230	150	4,020	2,655	1,365
$80,000 to $89,999	255	135	120	2,945	1,825	1,115
$90,000 to $99,999	165	115	50	1,665	1,120	545
$100,000 and over	385	280	105	3,705	2,825	880
$100,000 to $149,999	260	190	70	2,800	2,140	665
$150,000 and over	125	90	35	905	690	215
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,230	4,155	4,065	102,820	49,785	53,030
Without after-tax income	300	140	160	4,450	2,145	2,310
With after-tax income	7,925	4,015	3,905	98,365	47,645	50,715
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.6	96.1	95.7	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,025	420	605	14,985	5,675	9,315
$10,000 to $19,999	1,265	505	760	20,230	7,425	12,805
$20,000 to $29,999	1,460	630	825	18,895	8,215	10,680
$30,000 to $39,999	1,430	740	685	16,100	8,095	8,005
$40,000 to $49,999	1,075	640	430	10,885	6,460	4,425
$50,000 to $59,999	695	445	245	7,240	4,855	2,385
$60,000 to $69,999	425	230	195	4,525	2,880	1,640
$70,000 to $79,999	220	160	65	2,310	1,620	690
$80,000 and over	335	240	100	3,190	2,415	775
$80,000 to $89,999	110	70	35	1,210	895	315
$90,000 to $99,999	55	45	15	695	535	160
$100,000 and over	170	120	50	1,285	985	295
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	8,225	4,160	4,065	102,820	49,785	53,025
Without employment income	2,025	895	1,140	35,465	15,075	20,390
With employment income	6,195	3,270	2,930	67,350	34,710	32,635
Percentage with employment income	75.3	78.6	72.1	65.5	69.7	61.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	750	400	355	10,165	4,850	5,315
$5,000 to $9,999	420	195	220	6,070	2,545	3,525
$10,000 to $19,999	750	335	415	10,100	4,280	5,825
$20,000 to $29,999	880	370	505	8,795	3,895	4,895
$30,000 to $39,999	810	360	445	8,130	3,815	4,315
$40,000 to $49,999	715	390	325	6,525	3,485	3,040
$50,000 to $59,999	535	340	195	4,885	3,075	1,815
$60,000 to $69,999	425	270	155	3,825	2,645	1,180
$70,000 to $79,999	280	170	105	3,010	1,965	1,050
$80,000 and over	650	440	210	5,850	4,165	1,685
$80,000 to $89,999	215	120	95	2,210	1,370	845
$90,000 to $99,999	135	90	40	1,145	820	330
$100,000 and over	295	225	70	2,485	1,980	505
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,875	...	...	52,770	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,240	...	...	58,135	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,358	...	...	51,228	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	685	...	...	14,155	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,704	...	...	28,603	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,248	...	...	26,141	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,190	...	...	38,610	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,697	...	...	71,539	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,448	...	...	62,308	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,875	...	...	52,765	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,157	...	...	70,418	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,777	...	...	59,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	685	...	...	14,165	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,220	...	...	36,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,131	...	...	30,918	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,195	...	...	38,600	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,089	...	...	82,897	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,714	...	...	69,473	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,875	...	...	52,765	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	725	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	895	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1,530	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	2,805	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	2,775	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	2,590	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	3,120	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	160	...	...	2,765	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...	2,685	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	175	...	...	2,630	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	320	...	...	4,785	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...	4,230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	320	...	...	3,845	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	270	...	...	3,350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...	2,775	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,235	...	...	11,260	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	480	...	...	4,910	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	305	...	...	2,855	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	300	...	...	2,300	...	...
$200,000 and over	155	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,875	...	...	52,765	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	775	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	915	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1,555	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	2,975	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	160	...	...	3,105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	160	...	...	3,095	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...	3,570	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...	3,370	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	3,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	3,080	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	410	...	...	5,780	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...	4,990	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	4,125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	290	...	...	3,185	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	255	...	...	2,465	...	...
$100,000 and over	820	...	...	6,615	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	425	...	...	3,690	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	220	...	...	1,570	...	...
$150,000 and over	175	...	...	1,350	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,095	...	...	37,375	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,689	...	...	71,414	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,405	...	...	62,171	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,410	...	...	17,790	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,163	...	...	65,621	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,055	...	...	57,560	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,300	...	...	13,335	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,840	...	...	94,352	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,538	...	...	80,236	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	5,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,360	...	...	41,830	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,096	...	...	39,044	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,115	...	...	37,370	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,432	...	...	82,817	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,884	...	...	69,337	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,390	...	...	17,830	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,181	...	...	75,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,757	...	...	63,594	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...	13,320	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,179	...	...	105,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,259	...	...	87,191	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	310	...	...	5,435	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,637	...	...	49,460	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,320	...	...	44,012	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	985	560	425	17,900	8,440	9,460
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,339	33,856	28,160	27,087	30,606	24,843
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,139	29,792	26,163	24,969	27,389	23,697
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	925	480	445	17,895	8,565	9,330
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,088	37,849	30,068	34,690	37,898	31,745
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,501	31,942	26,890	29,526	31,486	27,726
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	9,755	4,950	4,805	121,625	59,420	62,200
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,855	2,440	2,415	75,680	36,045	39,630
In the bottom decile	610	320	290	13,995	6,465	7,525
In the second decile	905	435	470	17,400	7,910	9,490
In the third decile	1,085	535	550	15,365	7,385	7,980
In the fourth decile	1,065	545	520	14,830	7,245	7,585
In the fifth decile	1,190	610	585	14,095	7,040	7,055
In the top half of the distribution	4,900	2,510	2,390	45,940	23,375	22,570
In the sixth decile	1,145	590	550	13,405	6,800	6,610
In the seventh decile	1,245	650	595	11,670	5,950	5,720
In the eighth decile	1,190	615	575	9,460	4,855	4,610
In the ninth decile	765	380	390	6,985	3,560	3,430
In the top decile	560	275	280	4,415	2,215	2,205
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	9,755	4,950	4,810	120,295	58,800	61,495
0 to 17 years	1,860	960	900	22,705	11,715	10,985
0 to 5 years	575	265	305	7,060	3,620	3,440
18 to 64 years	6,425	3,230	3,195	73,200	35,590	37,610
65 years and over	1,475	755	715	24,385	11,495	12,895
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,020	515	510	22,425	10,205	12,220
0 to 17 years	220	115	105	5,485	2,785	2,695
0 to 5 years	60	25	35	1,920	985	935
18 to 64 years	580	285	300	12,085	5,475	6,610
65 years and over	220	115	100	4,855	1,935	2,920
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	10.4	10.6	18.6	17.4	19.9
0 to 17 years (%)	11.8	12.0	11.7	24.2	23.8	24.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	9.4	11.5	27.2	27.2	27.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	8.8	9.4	16.5	15.4	17.6
65 years and over (%)	14.9	15.2	14.0	19.9	16.8	22.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	315	170	140	7,435	3,515	3,925
0 to 17 years	55	25	25	1,760	870	895
0 to 5 years	15	5	15	645	320	330
18 to 64 years	240	135	105	5,315	2,500	2,815
65 years and over	15	10	5	360	145	215
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.4	2.9	6.2	6.0	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	2.6	2.8	7.8	7.4	8.1
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	1.9	4.9	9.1	8.8	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7	4.2	3.3	7.3	7.0	7.5
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.3	0.7	1.5	1.3	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	9,755	4,965	4,790	121,620	59,420	62,200
Official languages	9,730	4,940	4,790	121,445	59,320	62,130
English	9,450	4,790	4,660	121,350	59,275	62,075
French	4,490	2,100	2,390	8,800	3,760	5,040
Non-official languages	285	140	145	4,655	2,130	2,525
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	245	130	110
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	225	120	105
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	230	125	105
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	225	120	105
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	280	140	145	4,410	2,000	2,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	290	135	150
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	275	130	150
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	265	120	135
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	195	60	140
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	165	50	120
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	45	40	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	190	100	90	3,125	1,405	1,715
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	280	135	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	275	130	145
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	20	0	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polish	0	0	10	120	55	65
Russian	10	10	10	70	40	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	55	40	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	35	20	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Germanic languages	60	35	25	1,880	855	1,025
Afrikaans	10	0	0	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dutch	10	10	0	480	225	260
Frisian	10	0	0	20	10	15
German	50	30	20	1,305	605	705
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Swedish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	35	70
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	40	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	50	55	915	370	545
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	15	175	85	90
Portuguese	10	10	0	95	45	50
Romanian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Spanish	90	45	40	700	255	445
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	10	60	20	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	115	50	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	20	10	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	35	215	85	125
American Sign Language	10	10	10	100	35	65
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	115	50	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	285	160	125
Chinese languages	20	0	10	285	155	125
Cantonese	0	10	0	70	35	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	200	110	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	70	30	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	10	25
Hungarian	10	0	10	30	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	9,755	4,960	4,790	121,620	59,415	62,200
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,610	4,910	4,700	119,365	58,335	61,030
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,860	985	880	23,035	11,895	11,140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,745	3,920	3,820	96,330	46,440	49,890
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	145	50	90	2,255	1,085	1,170
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	9,755	4,965	4,790	121,620	59,420	62,205
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,445	4,835	4,610	115,650	56,580	59,070
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	290	130	165	5,450	2,540	2,910
Before 1981	135	45	85	2,640	1,280	1,360
1981 to 1990	35	20	15	595	220	380
1991 to 2000	20	20	0	660	285	380
2001 to 2010	75	25	45	985	455	530
2001 to 2005	35	10	30	405	165	235
2006 to 2010	35	15	20	580	285	295
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	25	10	15	565	305	260
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	20	10	15	515	295	220
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	285	125	160	5,450	2,545	2,905
Under 5 years	45	10	35	790	370	420
5 to 14 years	95	35	60	1,055	470	580
15 to 24 years	55	20	30	1,120	470	645
25 to 44 years	80	55	20	1,900	900	1,005
45 years and over	15	0	10	585	325	260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	290	125	165	5,450	2,540	2,905
Americas	115	40	75	1,350	590	765
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	30	15	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	30	10
Mexico	0	0	0	30	15	15
Peru	0	10	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	105	30	80	945	420	520
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	265	90	170
Europe	130	60	70	3,255	1,595	1,665
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	100	50	50
Germany	15	0	10	415	170	245
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	15	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Italy	15	10	10	45	30	15
Netherlands	0	0	0	395	200	200
Poland	0	0	0	75	30	50
Portugal	10	0	0	15	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	15
Russian Federation	10	0	0	15	10	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	30	30	1,860	935	925
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	10	200	95	105
Africa	15	10	0	95	60	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	55	25	30
Asia	20	10	15	670	245	420
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	135	45	90
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	10	0
India	0	0	0	45	25	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	25	0	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	75	25	55
Lebanon	10	10	0	55	30	30
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	120	30	85
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	120	50	70
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	75	50	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	10	10	570	305	260
Americas	0	0	0	90	65	25
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	50	40	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	10	10
Europe	0	0	0	265	150	115
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	215	125	90
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	0	15
Africa	10	0	0	25	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	10	185	65	120
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	40	20	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	45	15	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	25	0	15
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	10	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	9,755	4,965	4,790	121,620	59,420	62,200
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	340	145	195	6,590	3,180	3,410
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	580	295	285	8,935	4,375	4,560
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,835	4,520	4,310	106,095	51,860	54,235
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	160	80	80	2,875	1,285	1,585
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	105	45	65	1,495	710	780
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	45	30	15	635	400	235
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	60	10	45	860	315	545
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	55	35	20	1,230	510	720
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	140	60	75
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	9,755	4,965	4,790	121,620	59,420	62,200
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	225	115	110	6,220	2,945	3,275
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	210	110	100	5,945	2,820	3,130
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	85	40	45	3,600	1,765	1,835
Métis	130	70	60	2,230	1,000	1,235
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	115	55	65
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	165	85	80
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	10	105	40	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,530	4,850	4,685	115,400	56,470	58,930
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	9,755	4,965	4,790	121,625	59,420	62,200
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	55	25	30	2,415	1,120	1,290
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	9,700	4,940	4,760	119,210	58,295	60,910
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	9,755	4,965	4,795	121,625	59,420	62,205
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	10	15	2,005	930	1,070
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	10	10	1,925	890	1,035
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	15	1,595	740	850
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	280	135	145
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	50	15	35
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	80	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	75	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	415	200	220	7,200	3,305	3,890
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	405	185	220	6,875	3,165	3,705
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	130	160	4,695	2,205	2,495
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	115	55	60	2,030	895	1,130
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	150	65	85
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	0	325	140	185
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	255	115	140
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	45	10	35
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	9,315	4,755	4,560	112,415	55,185	57,235
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	9,755	4,965	4,790	121,625	59,415	62,200
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	30	40	3,310	1,610	1,700
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	175	70	105
Chinese	10	0	0	385	180	205
Black	30	15	15	1,595	825	770
Filipino	0	0	10	225	85	140
Latin American	10	10	0	175	80	90
Arab	0	0	0	225	110	110
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	10	100	30	70
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Korean	0	0	0	125	65	65
Japanese	0	0	0	55	20	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	70	35	35
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	10	155	90	65
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	9,685	4,935	4,750	118,310	57,805	60,505
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	9,755	4,960	4,790	121,620	59,415	62,200
North American Aboriginal origins	440	205	230	9,200	4,235	4,965
First Nations (North American Indian)	320	150	170	6,665	3,105	3,560
Inuit	0	0	0	275	110	165
Métis	130	70	60	2,670	1,200	1,465
Other North American origins	5,770	2,960	2,815	60,705	29,625	31,085
Acadian	465	235	230	1,840	885	960
American	115	60	55	1,190	630	565
Canadian	5,465	2,785	2,680	58,525	28,585	29,945
New Brunswicker	10	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	210	135	80
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	185	90	95
Ontarian	0	0	0	35	35	0
Québécois	15	10	0	15	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	6,100	3,060	3,035	80,525	39,135	41,390
British Isles origins	4,360	2,160	2,205	67,585	32,565	35,015
Channel Islander	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cornish	0	0	0	40	10	25
English	2,420	1,180	1,240	39,110	18,710	20,395
Irish	1,760	870	890	24,495	11,415	13,075
Manx	0	0	0	25	10	20
Scottish	1,890	975	910	31,225	14,625	16,600
Welsh	135	70	65	2,465	1,215	1,250
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	210	90	120	2,670	1,310	1,360
French origins	2,685	1,310	1,380	14,190	6,570	7,620
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	15	15	0
French	2,690	1,310	1,380	14,180	6,560	7,615
Western European origins (except French origins)	930	455	475	21,735	10,220	11,515
Austrian	25	20	0	270	115	150
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	10	0	280	165	120
Dutch	180	80	100	6,735	3,065	3,670
Flemish	0	0	0	20	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
German	730	365	365	16,250	7,650	8,600
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	25	10	20	295	145	150
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	95	50	40	1,855	845	1,005
Danish	35	25	15	515	225	285
Finnish	0	0	0	195	100	90
Icelandic	15	0	15	35	20	15
Norwegian	10	10	10	600	250	350
Swedish	20	15	10	460	220	240
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	15	10	155	80	70
Eastern European origins	195	90	105	3,210	1,535	1,675
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Czech	25	15	10	160	90	70
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Estonian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Hungarian	40	15	30	305	145	155
Latvian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	10	30	1,140	545	590
Romanian	10	0	0	120	40	80
Russian	60	35	25	625	280	350
Slovak	0	0	0	60	15	40
Ukrainian	40	25	15	975	440	535
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Southern European origins	160	55	105	2,365	1,140	1,220
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	15	10	0
Greek	15	0	15	135	55	75
Italian	85	30	55	1,385	710	670
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Maltese	10	0	0	45	25	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	35	20	15	280	130	150
Serbian	10	0	10	25	15	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	20	0	10	390	135	255
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	60	35	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other European origins	40	25	15	675	305	365
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	200	75	120
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	50	40	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	20	15	425	190	235
Caribbean origins	10	0	0	515	270	250
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	35	10	30
Dominican	0	0	0	20	15	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	245	145	100
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	95	55	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	20	15	0	355	150	205
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	0	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chilean	0	10	0	10	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	70	30	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexican	0	0	0	90	35	55
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	0	15
African origins	20	10	10	1,240	660	585
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	10	0	55	30	25
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Libyan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	0	10	80	40	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	1,110	595	520
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	170	95	75
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	945	500	445
Asian origins	70	20	55	1,915	930	985
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	35	15	20	675	365	305
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Armenian	10	0	10	20	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	10	395	210	185
Palestinian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Syrian	15	10	0	120	70	50
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	60	20	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	260	115	145
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	240	110	130
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	10	30	1,005	465	545
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	15	0	0	510	260	245
Filipino	10	0	10	260	100	160
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Japanese	0	0	0	90	55	40
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	115	50	65
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	35	15	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	20	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	20	10	10	90	55	35
Australian	20	15	10	45	35	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	30	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,880	...	...	52,765	...	...
Owner	3,600	...	...	39,505	...	...
Renter	275	...	...	12,910	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,875	...	...	52,770	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	710	...	...
Not condominium	3,855	...	...	52,055	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,880	...	...	52,765	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	100	...	...
1 bedroom	135	...	...	4,275	...	...
2 bedrooms	890	...	...	13,470	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,840	...	...	21,825	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,005	...	...	13,085	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,880	...	...	52,765	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	515	...	...	8,780	...	...
5 rooms	670	...	...	8,170	...	...
6 rooms	695	...	...	9,160	...	...
7 rooms	550	...	...	7,895	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,450	...	...	18,755	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,875	...	...	52,765	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,855	...	...	52,575	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,880	...	...	52,765	...	...
Suitable	3,805	...	...	51,580	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	1,190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,875	...	...	52,765	...	...
1960 or before	350	...	...	15,320	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,245	...	...	13,810	...	...
1981 to 1990	695	...	...	8,110	...	...
1991 to 2000	620	...	...	7,120	...	...
2001 to 2005	250	...	...	2,700	...	...
2006 to 2010	355	...	...	3,140	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	360	...	...	2,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,880	...	...	52,770	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,665	...	...	47,400	...	...
Major repairs needed	215	...	...	5,365	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,880	...	...	52,770	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,880	...	...	31,945	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,935	...	...	20,300	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	60	...	...	520	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,880	...	...	52,765	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	1,450	...	...
25 to 34 years	430	...	...	5,710	...	...
35 to 44 years	750	...	...	7,560	...	...
45 to 54 years	885	...	...	10,510	...	...
55 to 64 years	890	...	...	11,565	...	...
65 to 74 years	665	...	...	9,180	...	...
75 to 84 years	165	...	...	5,080	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	1,700	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,840	...	...	51,530	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,395	...	...	41,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	445	...	...	10,145	...	...
30% to less than 100%	385	...	...	9,025	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,580	...	...	38,785	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.3	...	...	57.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.0	...	...	12.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	837	...	...	800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	971	...	...	917	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,980	...	...	186,323	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	207,466	...	...	212,985	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	275	...	...	12,810	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	12.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.7	...	...	40.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	850	...	...	754	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	837	...	...	800	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,220	4,155	4,065	102,815	49,840	52,980
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,640	960	685	22,325	12,010	10,320
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,365	1,245	1,120	26,630	12,785	13,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,210	1,950	2,265	53,865	25,040	28,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	930	730	200	11,170	7,995	3,180
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	390	255	135	6,235	3,665	2,575
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	540	475	65	4,935	4,325	610
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,970	780	1,190	24,560	9,640	14,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	30	120	2,190	835	1,355
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,165	410	755	15,945	6,575	9,370
Bachelor's degree	860	290	565	10,710	4,190	6,520
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	20	60	935	350	585
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	25	455	250	205
Master's degree	165	70	95	3,180	1,330	1,850
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	660	455	205
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,865	2,925	2,940	64,940	31,305	33,630
No certificate, diploma or degree	780	515	270	9,330	5,525	3,800
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,635	875	765	16,085	7,885	8,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,455	1,545	1,910	39,530	17,895	21,630
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	650	520	130	7,710	5,545	2,170
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	290	205	80	4,290	2,505	1,790
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	365	310	50	3,425	3,040	380
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,680	650	1,035	18,570	7,350	11,215
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	20	75	1,315	485	830
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,035	365	665	11,930	4,515	7,415
Bachelor's degree	770	265	510	8,205	3,025	5,180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	20	45	625	185	445
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	20	370	185	190
Master's degree	150	65	90	2,365	905	1,455
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	365	225	140
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,220	4,155	4,065	102,815	49,835	52,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,005	2,205	1,800	48,950	24,795	24,160
Education	260	40	220	4,135	1,070	3,065
13. Education	265	40	225	4,140	1,070	3,065
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	25	50	1,230	620	605
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	235	190	45
50. Visual and performing arts	65	20	40	1,000	435	560
Humanities	125	35	85	2,275	930	1,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	185	45	135
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	15	580	175	405
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	35	460	130	325
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	175	95	85
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	15	400	245	155
54. History	25	10	20	385	210	170
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	20	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215	35	180	4,245	1,090	3,155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	15	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	305	105	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	1,220	85	1,135
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	40	530	145	380
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	10	50
42. Psychology	50	10	40	835	220	610
45. Social sciences	50	20	35	1,245	510	735
Business, management and public administration	1,010	235	780	11,475	2,750	8,725
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	35	10	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	10	55	870	185	685
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	935	225	710	10,570	2,555	8,015
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	25	70	1,590	855	740
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	10	40	785	340	445
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	0	30	300	175	125
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	430	320	115
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	15	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	105	70	1,520	825	695
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	105	60	1,220	720	500
25. Library science	0	0	10	120	25	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	150	65	80
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	25	15	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,200	1,115	80	13,015	12,300	715
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	175	100	75
14. Engineering	75	65	0	1,050	890	160
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	245	210	35	2,305	2,070	235
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	285	280	0	3,565	3,500	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	405	380	25	4,510	4,360	150
48. Precision production	180	175	10	1,405	1,380	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	60	30	1,540	915	625
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	35	25	1,140	635	500
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	10	400	280	120
Health and related fields	630	90	545	8,405	1,250	7,155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	15	25	495	240	255
51. Health professions and related programs	560	55	505	7,795	935	6,860
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	15	15	115	75	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	330	180	150	4,440	2,430	2,005
12. Personal and culinary services	165	25	140	2,370	615	1,755
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	35	40	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	130	135	0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	660	515	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	120	10	1,235	1,140	100
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,870	2,930	2,940	64,940	31,305	33,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,415	1,385	1,030	25,415	13,410	12,005
Education	185	20	170	2,705	625	2,080
13. Education	185	20	170	2,705	620	2,085
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	20	45	920	435	485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	10	170	135	35
50. Visual and performing arts	55	15	35	750	305	450
Humanities	100	20	75	1,500	590	910
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	135	40	95
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	15	400	105	290
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	30	310	55	250
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	95	50	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15	255	160	95
54. History	15	0	10	250	150	95
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	50	15	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	35	160	3,285	725	2,560
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	50	15	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	250	85	165
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45	920	55	860
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	35	460	90	365
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	45	10	40
42. Psychology	45	0	35	640	145	495
45. Social sciences	45	15	30	915	320	595
Business, management and public administration	900	205	695	8,320	1,930	6,385
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	35	10	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	50	725	135	590
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	840	200	635	7,555	1,790	5,770
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	25	65	1,115	555	560
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	35	580	225	360
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	200	115	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	295	205	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	170	105	65	1,260	690	570
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	105	60	1,085	635	445
25. Library science	0	0	10	65	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	85	30	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	30	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	945	865	80	9,520	8,875	640
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	125	65	60
14. Engineering	65	55	0	730	595	140
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	225	185	35	1,725	1,505	220
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	175	0	2,590	2,525	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	330	305	30	3,310	3,180	135
48. Precision production	140	130	10	1,030	1,010	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	45	25	1,245	690	560
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	20	20	910	465	445
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	335	225	110
Health and related fields	490	80	415	6,255	940	5,315
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	15	25	370	160	210
51. Health professions and related programs	435	55	380	5,800	725	5,075
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	85	55	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	125	120	3,410	1,845	1,565
12. Personal and culinary services	140	25	115	1,815	455	1,365
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	75	75	0
43. Security and protective services	25	25	0	485	360	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	80	0	1,015	930	80
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,220	4,155	4,065	102,820	49,835	52,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,005	2,210	1,800	48,950	24,800	24,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,210	1,950	2,265	53,865	25,040	28,825
Location of study inside Canada	4,115	1,895	2,225	51,040	23,595	27,445
Same as province or territory of residence	3,250	1,455	1,790	39,805	17,785	22,015
Different than province or territory of residence	870	435	435	11,240	5,810	5,430
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	55	35	2,820	1,445	1,370
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	20	20	1,050	525	520
Philippines	0	0	0	80	25	60
India	0	0	0	35	20	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	10	790	450	340
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	10	35	15	15
France	0	0	0	45	20	20
Other	20	20	10	780	375	405
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,870	2,930	2,940	64,945	31,310	33,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,410	1,385	1,030	25,415	13,410	12,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,455	1,545	1,915	39,530	17,900	21,635
Location of study inside Canada	3,375	1,505	1,870	37,755	17,060	20,695
Same as province or territory of residence	2,655	1,150	1,500	29,460	12,925	16,540
Different than province or territory of residence	725	355	375	8,295	4,135	4,150
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	80	45	35	1,775	835	940
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	15	25	610	290	325
Philippines	0	0	0	80	30	55
India	0	0	0	25	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	480	260	225
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	0	20	10	15
France	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other	20	20	0	520	230	290
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,220	4,155	4,065	102,815	49,835	52,980
In the labour force	5,670	3,020	2,650	61,170	31,740	29,435
Employed	5,270	2,775	2,500	55,270	28,330	26,940
Unemployed	395	245	155	5,905	3,410	2,495
Not in the labour force	2,550	1,135	1,415	41,645	18,100	23,545
Participation rate	69.0	72.7	65.2	59.5	63.7	55.6
Employment rate	64.1	66.8	61.5	53.8	56.8	50.8
Unemployment rate	7.0	8.1	5.8	9.7	10.7	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,220	4,155	4,065	102,815	49,840	52,980
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,265	1,000	1,270	37,955	16,270	21,680
Worked	5,955	3,155	2,795	64,860	33,565	31,295
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,465	1,885	1,585	33,310	18,730	14,585
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,485	1,270	1,210	31,555	14,835	16,715
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.0	42.8	42.0	42.4	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,665	3,020	2,650	61,170	31,740	29,430
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	30	30	1,140	515	625
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,990	2,620	60,030	31,225	28,810
Employee	5,025	2,575	2,445	53,315	27,135	26,190
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	590	415	175	6,715	4,095	2,625
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,670	3,020	2,650	61,175	31,740	29,430
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	30	30	1,140	515	625
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,990	2,620	60,030	31,225	28,810
0 Management occupations	575	335	235	6,080	3,780	2,300
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	855	185	670	7,710	1,775	5,940
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	235	60	2,955	2,265	690
3 Health occupations	430	80	350	4,570	645	3,925
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	450	115	340	7,605	2,890	4,710
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	30	45	1,230	480	750
6 Sales and service occupations	1,315	535	780	13,505	4,955	8,550
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,265	1,185	80	11,010	10,400	610
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	95	20	2,425	1,825	595
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	245	195	50	2,945	2,205	740
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,670	3,015	2,650	61,175	31,740	29,435
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	25	30	1,140	515	625
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,610	2,995	2,620	60,035	31,225	28,810
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	85	75	10	3,120	2,165	955
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	45	35	420	405	15
22 Utilities	25	20	0	215	160	50
23 Construction	545	480	60	5,345	4,925	430
31-33 Manufacturing	475	365	110	4,910	3,685	1,230
41 Wholesale trade	315	210	100	1,840	1,310	535
44-45 Retail trade	655	305	345	7,880	3,480	4,400
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	465	340	130	2,725	2,025	695
51 Information and cultural industries	90	55	30	685	360	320
52 Finance and insurance	265	45	220	1,435	435	1,000
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	35	30	690	380	305
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	185	100	85	2,530	1,195	1,325
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	35	10	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	290	190	105	2,755	1,555	1,200
61 Educational services	275	60	215	4,415	1,350	3,065
62 Health care and social assistance	665	135	530	8,115	1,130	6,985
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	50	80	990	425	560
72 Accommodation and food services	315	100	215	3,640	1,205	2,435
81 Other services (except public administration)	385	245	145	2,715	1,365	1,350
91 Public administration	295	140	150	5,570	3,650	1,915
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,275	2,775	2,500	55,270	28,330	26,940
Worked at home	360	185	170	4,485	2,200	2,280
Worked outside Canada	20	15	10	185	155	30
No fixed workplace address	645	520	125	7,035	5,255	1,775
Worked at usual place	4,250	2,055	2,195	43,565	20,720	22,855
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,250	2,050	2,195	43,565	20,720	22,850
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	280	185	95	14,215	6,830	7,385
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,670	1,720	1,950	15,000	6,205	8,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	255	105	145	13,790	7,285	6,505
Commute to a different province or territory	45	40	0	560	390	165
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,895	2,575	2,325	50,600	25,970	24,630
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,370	2,315	2,060	43,775	22,550	21,230
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	375	155	220	3,320	1,530	1,790
Public transit	20	10	10	545	260	285
Walked	65	45	20	2,145	1,055	1,090
Bicycle	10	0	0	205	165	35
Other method	65	45	20	610	415	200
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,895	2,570	2,325	50,600	25,965	24,630
Less than 15 minutes	920	495	425	18,415	8,665	9,750
15 to 29 minutes	3,135	1,580	1,560	16,540	8,010	8,530
30 to 44 minutes	635	380	260	8,165	4,495	3,670
45 to 59 minutes	75	40	35	3,735	2,220	1,515
60 minutes and over	120	80	45	3,745	2,580	1,170
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,890	2,575	2,325	50,600	25,970	24,630
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	250	185	70	3,715	2,680	1,035
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	865	590	275	10,835	6,730	4,110
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,990	970	1,015	15,945	8,345	7,600
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	870	355	520	9,415	3,440	5,975
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	245	100	145	3,745	1,295	2,450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	675	375	295	6,945	3,480	3,465
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,055	3,205	2,845	66,565	34,415	32,150
Single responses	5,635	2,995	2,635	66,365	34,325	32,045
Official languages	5,630	3,000	2,635	66,210	34,240	31,970
English	4,935	2,740	2,190	65,975	34,165	31,810
French	700	255	445	235	75	155
Non-official languages	0	0	0	160	85	75
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	160	85	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	115	70	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	105	65	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	90	45	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	420	215	210	200	90	105
English and French	420	210	210	145	65	80
English and non-official language	10	0	0	50	25	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,050	3,210	2,845	66,565	34,415	32,150
None	4,375	2,375	2,000	64,870	33,625	31,245
English	505	200	305	215	85	130
French	1,170	630	540	1,235	595	640
Non-official language	0	0	0	215	95	120
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	10	25
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	185	90	95
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,665	4,915	4,755	120,585	58,930	61,660
Non-movers	8,755	4,470	4,285	107,620	52,835	54,785
Movers	905	440	470	12,970	6,095	6,870
Non-migrants	445	210	235	5,375	2,580	2,795
Migrants	465	235	230	7,590	3,515	4,075
Internal migrants	455	230	220	7,210	3,335	3,880
Intraprovincial migrants	330	175	155	5,055	2,265	2,790
Interprovincial migrants	120	50	65	2,155	1,070	1,090
External migrants	15	0	10	380	185	195
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,240	4,720	4,525	115,810	56,445	59,365
Non-movers	6,730	3,495	3,235	80,040	39,275	40,760
Movers	2,515	1,225	1,285	35,770	17,170	18,600
Non-migrants	1,095	525	570	14,635	7,000	7,630
Migrants	1,415	695	720	21,140	10,170	10,965
Internal migrants	1,375	680	700	19,810	9,525	10,280
Intraprovincial migrants	1,050	530	520	13,460	6,375	7,085
Interprovincial migrants	325	150	180	6,345	3,150	3,195
External migrants	35	15	20	1,330	645	685

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Moncton, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Annapolis Valley [Economic region], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Annapolis Valley [Economic region], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Annapolis Valley [Economic region], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Annapolis Valley [Economic region], Nova Scotia