Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Miramichi, C New Brunswick [Census subdivision]			Rainy River, DIS Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	17,537	...	...	20,110	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	17,811	...	...	20,370	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.5	...	...	-1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,248	...	...	11,217	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	7,704	...	...	8,432	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	97.7	...	...	1.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	179.47	...	...	15,486.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	17,540	8,245	9,290	20,110	9,945	10,165
0 to 14 years	2,465	1,240	1,220	3,535	1,795	1,745
0 to 4 years	780	380	405	1,105	560	540
5 to 9 years	855	435	415	1,195	600	595
10 to 14 years	835	430	405	1,240	630	610
15 to 64 years	10,895	5,120	5,775	12,655	6,315	6,340
15 to 19 years	925	455	470	1,300	655	645
20 to 24 years	905	460	445	1,090	565	530
25 to 29 years	790	375	410	1,030	530	500
30 to 34 years	865	390	475	980	455	530
35 to 39 years	895	425	470	1,040	505	535
40 to 44 years	1,085	530	550	1,155	580	570
45 to 49 years	1,170	530	635	1,265	590	675
50 to 54 years	1,320	605	710	1,495	755	740
55 to 59 years	1,420	655	765	1,775	895	875
60 to 64 years	1,535	690	845	1,530	785	740
65 years and over	4,175	1,880	2,295	3,920	1,840	2,080
65 to 69 years	1,440	695	745	1,300	665	630
70 to 74 years	970	485	485	870	420	450
75 to 79 years	755	325	430	660	295	365
80 to 84 years	520	220	305	530	250	280
85 years and over	490	160	330	555	205	350
85 to 89 years	315	110	205	350	135	215
90 to 94 years	125	40	90	150	55	100
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	40	15	30
100 years and over	5	0	5	15	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	15.0	13.1	17.6	18.0	17.2
15 to 64 years	62.1	62.1	62.2	62.9	63.5	62.4
65 years and over	23.8	22.8	24.7	19.5	18.5	20.5
85 years and over	2.8	1.9	3.6	2.8	2.1	3.4
Average age of the population	45.6	44.5	46.7	42.5	41.9	43.0
Median age of the population	48.7	47.3	49.8	44.7	44.1	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	7,700	...	...	8,435	...	...
Single-detached house	5,375	...	...	7,140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	10	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,780	...	...	1,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	325	...	...	110	...	...
Row house	45	...	...	190	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	180	...	...	65	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,210	...	...	735	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	60	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	545	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	7,705	...	...	8,435	...	...
1 person	2,315	...	...	2,580	...	...
2 persons	3,015	...	...	3,100	...	...
3 persons	1,165	...	...	1,150	...	...
4 persons	875	...	...	910	...	...
5 or more persons	340	...	...	685	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,140	...	...	19,755	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	15,075	7,000	8,070	16,575	8,155	8,420
Married or living common law	8,665	4,320	4,340	9,785	4,905	4,880
Married	7,370	3,680	3,690	7,825	3,925	3,900
Living common law	1,295	645	650	1,960	985	980
Not married and not living common law	6,405	2,675	3,730	6,785	3,250	3,540
Never married	3,615	1,880	1,740	4,195	2,285	1,905
Separated	510	180	330	425	200	220
Divorced	940	350	590	890	455	435
Widowed	1,340	270	1,070	1,275	305	970
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,255	...	...	5,810	...	...
2 persons	3,100	...	...	3,260	...	...
3 persons	1,115	...	...	1,135	...	...
4 persons	790	...	...	860	...	...
5 or more persons	250	...	...	560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,260	...	...	5,815	...	...
Total couple families	4,260	...	...	4,805	...	...
Married couples	3,615	...	...	3,820	...	...
Common-law couples	645	...	...	980	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,000	...	...	1,010	...	...
Female parent	825	...	...	740	...	...
Male parent	170	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,260	...	...	4,800	...	...
Couples without children	2,455	...	...	2,635	...	...
Couples with children	1,805	...	...	2,170	...	...
1 child	840	...	...	870	...	...
2 children	725	...	...	775	...	...
3 or more children	240	...	...	525	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	995	...	...	1,010	...	...
1 child	645	...	...	625	...	...
2 children	275	...	...	265	...	...
3 or more children	80	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,130	1,275	1,855	3,320	1,620	1,705
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	7,700	...	...	8,430	...	...
One-census-family households	5,075	...	...	5,560	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,390	...	...	2,570	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,680	...	...	2,985	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	90	...	...	130	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,540	...	...	2,750	...	...
One-person households	2,310	...	...	2,580	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	225	...	...	170	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	17,250	8,130	9,125	19,850	9,845	10,010
English only	13,855	6,715	7,135	19,140	9,555	9,585
French only	55	25	35	5	5	5
English and French	3,325	1,380	1,945	685	275	400
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	20	10	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	17,250	8,130	9,125	19,850	9,845	10,010
English	15,745	7,445	8,295	19,600	9,725	9,875
French	1,440	650	790	225	110	115
English and French	50	25	30	15	10	10
Neither English nor French	20	5	10	10	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,465	665	800	235	110	120
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	8.5	8.2	8.8	1.2	1.1	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	17,250	8,130	9,125	19,850	9,845	10,010
Single responses	17,065	8,040	9,025	19,705	9,775	9,930
Official languages	16,740	7,880	8,860	18,445	9,190	9,255
English	15,250	7,215	8,035	18,175	9,055	9,120
French	1,485	665	820	275	135	140
Non-official languages	330	160	170	1,255	590	670
Aboriginal languages	15	5	5	565	260	315
Algonquian languages	10	10	5	565	255	310
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	560	255	310
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	555	250	310
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	315	150	160	690	330	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	15	30	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	165	80	90	570	275	295
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	130	60	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	130	60	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	30	15	10
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	85	40	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	360	175	190
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	15	5	10	70	40	25
Frisian	5	5	0	0	5	0
German	30	15	15	270	125	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	20	10	5	0
Bengali	10	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	5	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	70	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	35	25	15
Portuguese	5	0	5	15	5	15
Romanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	15	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	20	10	10
Chinese languages	25	15	15	20	5	15
Cantonese	10	10	5	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	50	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hungarian	10	5	5	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	190	90	100	145	70	80
English and French	160	70	90	25	10	15
English and non-official language	25	15	10	120	55	65
French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	17,255	8,130	9,125	19,850	9,845	10,005
Single responses	17,060	8,040	9,015	19,690	9,780	9,910
Official languages	16,930	7,975	8,955	19,425	9,655	9,765
English	16,305	7,695	8,610	19,385	9,635	9,750
French	630	285	345	40	20	15
Non-official languages	125	65	65	260	120	140
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	145	70	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	145	70	80
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	145	70	75
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	125	60	65	115	55	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	25	35	80	40	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	50	25	30
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	45	25	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	15	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	5	5	5	0
Chinese languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
Cantonese	15	10	5	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	195	90	110	165	65	100
English and French	120	50	75	25	5	15
English and non-official language	60	35	25	140	60	85
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	17,255	8,130	9,125	19,855	9,845	10,005
None	16,030	7,595	8,435	18,990	9,435	9,550
English	365	155	210	100	50	50
French	730	310	420	100	45	55
Non-official language	120	60	60	660	310	350
Aboriginal	15	10	5	435	205	230
Non-Aboriginal	105	55	55	225	105	120
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	5	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,245	8,000	8,240
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,155	6,595	7,565	15,660	7,735	7,920
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,771	37,863	25,821	33,928	42,011	28,053
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,160	6,595	7,570	15,665	7,735	7,930
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,145	33,672	24,051	31,002	37,678	25,870
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,165	5,870	6,295	13,890	6,975	6,910
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,463	33,112	23,104	30,763	38,663	24,079
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,935	4,715	6,220	11,795	5,560	6,235
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,298	11,150	8,099	8,258	8,397	7,952
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,420	4,650	4,765	11,175	5,785	5,395
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,061	32,043	24,901	30,615	34,848	27,290
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,245	7,935	8,310
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,100	6,575	7,530	15,640	7,690	7,955
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,343	45,225	32,332	42,350	49,680	35,266
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,105	6,580	7,535	15,650	7,690	7,960
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,539	37,628	28,096	36,055	41,324	30,969
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,155	5,825	6,330	13,895	6,895	6,995
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,852	42,479	29,755	39,781	47,943	31,736
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,845	4,640	6,205	11,935	5,640	6,295
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,684	10,771	8,872	9,196	9,089	9,292
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,415	4,595	4,820	11,175	5,680	5,495
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,381	41,150	31,830	39,348	45,801	32,686
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,245	7,935	8,315
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,260	2,065	2,195	4,620	2,400	2,220
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,602	53,270	43,819	51,501	58,733	44,920
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,359	57,585	47,439	59,355	67,795	50,235
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.5	83.2	77.2	83.4	86.6	78.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.3	64.7	61.6	66.3	67.8	64.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.5	16.7	22.8	16.6	13.4	21.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,245	8,005	8,240
Without total income	520	240	280	580	265	320
With total income	14,160	6,590	7,565	15,660	7,735	7,925
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.4	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,905	745	1,160	2,245	1,005	1,240
$10,000 to $19,999	2,575	860	1,710	2,660	1,045	1,615
$20,000 to $29,999	2,445	965	1,480	2,190	870	1,325
$30,000 to $39,999	1,885	925	955	1,845	795	1,055
$40,000 to $49,999	1,460	810	655	1,790	875	915
$50,000 to $59,999	1,215	655	565	1,390	790	595
$60,000 to $69,999	820	490	335	980	625	350
$70,000 to $79,999	620	345	270	700	450	250
$80,000 to $89,999	490	265	220	475	290	175
$90,000 to $99,999	225	135	85	445	260	180
$100,000 and over	520	400	125	945	725	220
$100,000 to $149,999	365	265	100	725	550	175
$150,000 and over	155	130	25	225	180	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,245	8,005	8,240
Without after-tax income	520	245	275	575	265	310
With after-tax income	14,160	6,590	7,565	15,670	7,735	7,930
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.4	96.4	96.5	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,960	750	1,210	2,325	1,020	1,305
$10,000 to $19,999	2,775	955	1,820	2,760	1,095	1,665
$20,000 to $29,999	2,805	1,160	1,645	2,525	1,010	1,515
$30,000 to $39,999	2,200	1,165	1,035	2,270	1,040	1,225
$40,000 to $49,999	1,735	935	805	1,965	1,070	895
$50,000 to $59,999	1,115	655	460	1,330	820	510
$60,000 to $69,999	790	425	360	890	580	310
$70,000 to $79,999	330	200	135	620	360	260
$80,000 and over	460	355	105	985	745	235
$80,000 to $89,999	155	115	45	405	270	135
$90,000 to $99,999	90	65	20	200	165	35
$100,000 and over	215	175	35	375	305	70
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	14,680	6,830	7,845	16,240	8,005	8,240
Without employment income	5,260	2,180	3,080	5,070	2,220	2,845
With employment income	9,420	4,650	4,770	11,175	5,785	5,395
Percentage with employment income	64.2	68.1	60.8	68.8	72.3	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,235	595	640	1,980	1,080	900
$5,000 to $9,999	885	385	505	945	425	520
$10,000 to $19,999	1,460	635	830	1,385	615	770
$20,000 to $29,999	1,380	615	770	1,200	515	690
$30,000 to $39,999	990	485	500	1,225	520	700
$40,000 to $49,999	805	390	415	1,080	475	605
$50,000 to $59,999	730	370	360	835	470	370
$60,000 to $69,999	535	310	230	615	370	240
$70,000 to $79,999	485	260	230	455	290	165
$80,000 and over	910	610	305	1,460	1,030	425
$80,000 to $89,999	375	200	170	365	230	135
$90,000 to $99,999	165	100	65	370	225	145
$100,000 and over	375	310	65	725	575	150
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	7,705	...	...	8,435	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,417	...	...	64,320	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,115	...	...	57,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,315	...	...	2,580	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,452	...	...	31,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,231	...	...	28,693	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,390	...	...	5,850	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,560	...	...	82,286	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,033	...	...	73,273	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	7,705	...	...	8,435	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,191	...	...	78,564	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,585	...	...	66,921	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,315	...	...	2,590	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,590	...	...	39,310	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,396	...	...	34,085	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,390	...	...	5,840	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,622	...	...	95,988	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,693	...	...	81,496	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	7,705	...	...	8,430	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	125	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	195	...	...	145	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	165	...	...	260	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	465	...	...	375	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	435	...	...	495	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	420	...	...	365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	400	...	...	390	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	405	...	...	390	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	370	...	...	370	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	375	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	775	...	...	680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	565	...	...	610	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	560	...	...	580	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	435	...	...	520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	345	...	...	430	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,740	...	...	2,320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	695	...	...	875	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	430	...	...	570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	420	...	...	585	...	...
$200,000 and over	190	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,705	...	...	8,435	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200	...	...	150	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	165	...	...	265	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	490	...	...	390	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	495	...	...	535	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	450	...	...	410	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	475	...	...	450	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	445	...	...	450	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	470	...	...	445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	490	...	...	415	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	810	...	...	765	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	670	...	...	740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	545	...	...	650	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	425	...	...	545	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	375	...	...	445	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,125	...	...	1,650	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	605	...	...	790	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	285	...	...	450	...	...
$150,000 and over	235	...	...	415	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,240	...	...	5,760	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,617	...	...	82,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,084	...	...	73,205	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,325	...	...	2,515	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,663	...	...	78,127	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,955	...	...	68,764	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,830	...	...	2,190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,887	...	...	112,299	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,088	...	...	97,606	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	935	...	...	915	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,878	...	...	47,019	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,301	...	...	44,800	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,225	...	...	5,735	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,285	...	...	96,112	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,358	...	...	81,558	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,335	...	...	2,485	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,067	...	...	90,255	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,518	...	...	76,055	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,865	...	...	2,150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,765	...	...	121,731	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,285	...	...	102,583	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	905	...	...	940	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,526	...	...	53,791	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,693	...	...	48,812	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,760	1,130	1,635	2,885	1,400	1,485
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,392	31,296	25,760	29,760	32,704	28,080
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,381	28,301	24,270	27,712	30,016	26,293
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,795	1,130	1,665	2,910	1,360	1,550
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,871	38,999	33,751	38,163	39,545	36,955
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,810	33,003	29,323	33,123	33,788	32,540
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	17,140	8,075	9,060	19,760	9,790	9,970
In the bottom half of the distribution	9,885	4,475	5,410	10,185	4,895	5,290
In the bottom decile	1,840	800	1,045	2,270	1,140	1,125
In the second decile	2,150	885	1,260	2,125	940	1,180
In the third decile	2,015	915	1,100	1,930	910	1,025
In the fourth decile	1,975	955	1,020	1,900	910	985
In the fifth decile	1,895	910	980	1,965	990	975
In the top half of the distribution	7,260	3,600	3,655	9,570	4,895	4,675
In the sixth decile	1,865	910	950	2,035	1,015	1,015
In the seventh decile	1,795	890	905	2,180	1,115	1,070
In the eighth decile	1,560	770	790	2,140	1,110	1,030
In the ninth decile	1,295	650	640	1,925	980	945
In the top decile	740	380	360	1,290	680	615
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	17,140	8,075	9,065	17,385	8,600	8,785
0 to 17 years	2,980	1,495	1,485	3,510	1,780	1,730
0 to 5 years	950	465	485	1,065	550	515
18 to 64 years	10,230	4,785	5,445	10,345	5,135	5,210
65 years and over	3,925	1,795	2,130	3,535	1,680	1,850
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,910	1,205	1,700	2,390	1,120	1,270
0 to 17 years	695	360	335	615	315	300
0 to 5 years	290	140	150	220	115	105
18 to 64 years	1,565	635	935	1,275	635	640
65 years and over	640	210	435	500	165	335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	14.9	18.8	13.7	13.0	14.5
0 to 17 years (%)	23.3	24.1	22.6	17.5	17.7	17.3
0 to 5 years (%)	30.5	30.1	30.9	20.7	20.9	20.4
18 to 64 years (%)	15.3	13.3	17.2	12.3	12.4	12.3
65 years and over (%)	16.3	11.7	20.4	14.1	9.8	18.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,150	510	640	875	460	420
0 to 17 years	285	145	135	205	100	105
0 to 5 years	105	55	60	70	35	40
18 to 64 years	805	335	465	615	335	280
65 years and over	65	25	35	60	25	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.7	6.3	7.1	5.0	5.3	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	9.7	9.1	5.8	5.6	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	11.1	11.8	12.4	6.6	6.4	7.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.0	8.5	5.9	6.5	5.4
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	1.6	1.7	1.5	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	17,135	8,075	9,065	19,755	9,785	9,970
Official languages	17,135	8,075	9,060	19,745	9,790	9,960
English	17,070	8,040	9,020	19,740	9,780	9,955
French	3,395	1,435	1,960	675	270	400
Non-official languages	400	195	210	1,745	845	895
Aboriginal languages	40	20	15	910	455	450
Algonquian languages	35	20	15	900	450	445
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	895	450	450
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	890	445	445
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	365	175	195	840	390	445
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	25	50	15	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	25	40	10	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	240	105	135	665	320	345
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	125	60	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	25	130	60	65
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Czech	25	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	40	30	15
Russian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	35	55	405	195	210
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	80	40	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	20	30	320	155	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	15	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	0	20	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	0	15	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	10	10	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	35	135	55	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	70	40	35	90	35	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	0	50	20	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	40	15	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	30	10	15	0	10
Chinese languages	40	30	15	15	10	10
Cantonese	15	10	10	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	20	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	17,135	8,075	9,060	19,755	9,790	9,970
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	17,000	8,020	8,980	19,325	9,635	9,690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,000	1,510	1,490	4,285	2,250	2,030
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,005	6,510	7,490	15,045	7,385	7,660
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	140	50	80	430	150	285
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	17,140	8,075	9,065	19,755	9,790	9,970
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	16,700	7,870	8,830	18,645	9,245	9,400
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	405	185	225	1,005	495	515
Before 1981	200	95	110	595	295	305
1981 to 1990	25	10	15	180	95	90
1991 to 2000	35	25	15	90	40	50
2001 to 2010	95	45	45	85	35	45
2001 to 2005	40	15	20	20	0	25
2006 to 2010	50	25	25	60	35	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	50	10	40	50	30	20
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	25	15	0	100	50	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	405	185	225	1,010	495	515
Under 5 years	75	30	45	190	135	55
5 to 14 years	85	35	50	205	115	90
15 to 24 years	45	20	25	280	85	195
25 to 44 years	145	70	75	295	140	155
45 years and over	55	25	35	45	20	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	410	185	225	1,005	495	515
Americas	60	30	30	515	225	290
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	45	25	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	25	20	445	185	260
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	20	15	10
Europe	190	70	115	400	235	170
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	25	0	20	10	0	0
Germany	20	10	10	65	35	30
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	15	0	0	10	0
Italy	0	0	0	30	25	10
Netherlands	15	0	15	75	45	30
Poland	10	0	0	10	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	75	25	50	130	60	70
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	10	50	35	10
Africa	45	30	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	10	0	0	0
Asia	110	50	60	85	35	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	45	20	30	40	15	25
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	20	10	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	50	15	45	50	30	25
Americas	0	0	0	45	25	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	15	10	0	0
France	20	0	20	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	35	10	25	0	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	17,140	8,075	9,065	19,755	9,785	9,970
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	525	240	290	1,220	600	620
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	775	375	395	3,100	1,495	1,605
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	15,840	7,460	8,375	15,435	7,695	7,740
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	210	95	120	425	205	220
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	120	50	65	140	70	75
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	45	40	10	55	25	30
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	70	10	65	85	45	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	80	40	45	230	105	130
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	10	50	30	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	17,140	8,075	9,065	19,760	9,785	9,970
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	555	290	260	5,400	2,755	2,640
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	525	285	245	5,305	2,715	2,590
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	325	170	155	3,860	1,965	1,890
Métis	195	110	80	1,450	745	700
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	0	20	55	25	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	16,590	7,785	8,800	14,360	7,030	7,330
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	17,140	8,075	9,060	19,760	9,790	9,970
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	215	115	100	3,775	1,905	1,870
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,920	7,955	8,960	15,985	7,885	8,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	17,140	8,075	9,060	19,760	9,790	9,970
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	95	40	60	2,665	1,385	1,280
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	100	35	60	2,625	1,365	1,260
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	80	35	45	2,470	1,275	1,195
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	155	90	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	40	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	970	470	500	2,660	1,320	1,335
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	935	460	475	2,465	1,240	1,225
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	705	370	340	1,460	710	750
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	90	140	1,005	525	480
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	30	10	25	190	85	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	195	80	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	16,075	7,565	8,505	14,435	7,085	7,350
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	17,140	8,075	9,065	19,755	9,790	9,970
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	300	160	135	255	110	145
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	45	25	25	10	0	10
Chinese	70	40	30	15	0	10
Black	95	50	40	55	25	30
Filipino	40	15	25	50	20	25
Latin American	15	0	10	35	15	15
Arab	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	0	55	25	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	10	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	15	0	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	16,835	7,915	8,925	19,505	9,680	9,825
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	17,140	8,075	9,065	19,755	9,790	9,970
North American Aboriginal origins	1,065	505	560	5,325	2,705	2,620
First Nations (North American Indian)	820	415	405	4,165	2,095	2,070
Inuit	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	270	100	170	1,390	715	680
Other North American origins	7,935	3,730	4,200	5,455	2,710	2,745
Acadian	510	220	295	0	0	0
American	65	45	25	345	170	175
Canadian	7,570	3,565	4,000	5,305	2,630	2,675
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	12,970	6,155	6,820	14,610	7,165	7,445
British Isles origins	11,055	5,315	5,740	9,340	4,540	4,800
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,630	2,245	2,385	5,510	2,635	2,875
Irish	6,375	3,025	3,355	3,910	1,885	2,020
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	5,295	2,450	2,840	4,180	2,130	2,050
Welsh	295	175	120	240	100	140
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	210	115	95	245	120	120
French origins	4,930	2,290	2,635	3,415	1,565	1,855
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,925	2,290	2,640	3,420	1,565	1,850
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,100	515	585	3,835	1,945	1,895
Austrian	15	10	10	90	40	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	35	15	20	80	45	35
Dutch	335	125	210	1,000	560	435
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	750	370	380	2,820	1,415	1,405
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swiss	25	15	10	265	105	165
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	310	185	130	3,195	1,600	1,595
Danish	85	50	40	200	100	100
Finnish	30	15	15	755	420	340
Icelandic	0	10	0	55	30	20
Norwegian	155	95	60	1,115	555	555
Swedish	25	15	10	1,390	670	720
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	10	10	90	40	50
Eastern European origins	265	105	160	3,200	1,570	1,630
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	30	10	20	35	20	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	45	15	30	205	125	85
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	35	20	835	400	430
Romanian	10	0	0	75	20	50
Russian	45	20	30	200	85	115
Slovak	20	10	10	15	0	10
Ukrainian	85	20	60	2,235	1,070	1,170
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	15	15	0
Southern European origins	270	100	165	755	345	405
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	10	15	15	10
Italian	150	70	80	640	295	345
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	15	30	15	15	0
Serbian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	15	40	30	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	30	15	15	65	35	30
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	20	10	10	30	15	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	35	25	10
Caribbean origins	65	35	35	20	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	10	10	15	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	35	15	20	70	55	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	40	35	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	10	0
African origins	90	50	40	45	20	25
Central and West African origins	15	10	10	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	10	0	0	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	30	30	35	15	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	10	0	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	55	30	30	25	10	15
Asian origins	300	155	150	220	100	125
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	115	45	65	20	15	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	100	30	65	15	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	45	25	20	25	10	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	20	10	10	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	10	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	140	85	55	180	75	105
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	85	60	25	35	15	15
Filipino	40	15	25	65	30	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	25	10	15
Japanese	10	0	0	10	0	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	35	20	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania origins	25	10	15	0	0	0
Australian	20	10	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	7,705	...	...	8,430	...	...
Owner	5,580	...	...	6,335	...	...
Renter	2,125	...	...	1,765	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	7,705	...	...	8,430	...	...
Condominium	105	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	7,600	...	...	8,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	7,705	...	...	8,430	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	570	...	...	815	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,890	...	...	2,265	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,235	...	...	3,270	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,010	...	...	2,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	7,705	...	...	8,430	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,445	...	...	1,830	...	...
5 rooms	1,260	...	...	1,570	...	...
6 rooms	1,340	...	...	1,560	...	...
7 rooms	1,155	...	...	1,110	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,500	...	...	2,360	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	7,705	...	...	8,430	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,680	...	...	8,300	...	...
More than 1 person per room	25	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	7,700	...	...	8,430	...	...
Suitable	7,580	...	...	8,075	...	...
Not suitable	130	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	7,705	...	...	8,435	...	...
1960 or before	2,390	...	...	3,240	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,565	...	...	2,525	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,135	...	...	975	...	...
1991 to 2000	815	...	...	910	...	...
2001 to 2005	265	...	...	285	...	...
2006 to 2010	255	...	...	260	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	285	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	7,705	...	...	8,430	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,030	...	...	7,445	...	...
Major repairs needed	675	...	...	985	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	7,705	...	...	8,435	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,935	...	...	5,255	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,680	...	...	3,070	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	90	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	7,705	...	...	8,435	...	...
15 to 24 years	240	...	...	255	...	...
25 to 34 years	735	...	...	925	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,075	...	...	1,255	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,300	...	...	1,500	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,700	...	...	1,970	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,465	...	...	1,375	...	...
75 to 84 years	880	...	...	835	...	...
85 years and over	310	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,685	...	...	7,475	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,295	...	...	6,220	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,390	...	...	1,260	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,240	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,565	...	...	5,905	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.1	...	...	48.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.6	...	...	10.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	695	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	850	...	...	920	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	139,292	...	...	150,226	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	151,676	...	...	182,320	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,130	...	...	1,575	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.2	...	...	33.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.3	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	684	...	...	702	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	698	...	...	733	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,680	6,830	7,845	16,240	7,930	8,315
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,695	1,275	1,420	3,955	2,105	1,845
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,565	2,090	2,475	4,725	2,215	2,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,425	3,465	3,955	7,560	3,605	3,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,430	1,040	390	1,640	1,305	335
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	775	460	310	755	515	235
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	655	580	75	885	790	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,410	1,380	2,035	3,740	1,385	2,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245	95	160	310	130	175
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,325	960	1,365	1,870	790	1,080
Bachelor's degree	1,640	590	1,045	1,455	580	880
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	195	85	120	135	60	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	55	15	50	25	25
Master's degree	395	215	180	225	120	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,900	4,150	4,750	10,165	4,980	5,185
No certificate, diploma or degree	790	440	350	1,445	875	570
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,725	1,320	1,405	3,145	1,500	1,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,380	2,390	2,995	5,575	2,605	2,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	840	580	265	1,155	915	240
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	475	250	225	525	355	175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	370	325	40	625	560	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,595	1,045	1,545	2,855	1,050	1,800
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	60	105	215	100	115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,780	705	1,075	1,355	545	810
Bachelor's degree	1,270	455	820	1,075	420	650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	60	95	90	30	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	30	10	25	10	15
Master's degree	290	145	140	165	75	85
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,245	7,935	8,310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,260	3,365	3,890	8,685	4,325	4,360
Education	845	305	540	705	175	530
13. Education	845	305	540	705	170	530
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	75	40	115	40	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	10	30	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	50	30	80	15	70
Humanities	300	130	175	375	170	205
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	60	60	25	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	30	50	155	55	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	30	35	70	35	30
54. History	40	30	15	65	45	20
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	555	165	395	655	135	515
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	20	10	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	15	140	285	15	270
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	40	70	25	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	125	30	100	105	20	90
45. Social sciences	185	90	95	140	65	75
Business, management and public administration	1,415	370	1,050	1,065	270	795
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	35	210	260	55	205
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,175	335	840	800	210	590
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	90	55	190	90	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	35	40	110	55	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	20	55	25	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	10	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	20	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	75	75	90	35	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	60	55	65	20	50
25. Library science	15	0	15	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	10	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,580	1,495	90	1,905	1,835	75
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	25	25	0
14. Engineering	90	80	10	120	110	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	280	240	40	320	285	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	435	425	10	490	480	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	495	485	10	720	705	20
48. Precision production	275	260	15	235	230	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	80	25	320	255	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	20	10	75	45	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	60	10	245	205	40
Health and related fields	1,415	245	1,170	1,410	200	1,210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	25	35	75	30	45
51. Health professions and related programs	1,340	205	1,135	1,325	160	1,165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	20	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	780	445	345	740	405	330
12. Personal and culinary services	400	110	285	265	50	220
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	230	185	45	205	130	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	125	0	250	215	35
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,900	4,150	4,755	10,165	4,980	5,185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,515	1,760	1,755	4,590	2,375	2,215
Education	590	210	380	440	90	350
13. Education	590	210	380	440	90	350
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	50	30	70	20	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	10	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	35	15	60	10	50
Humanities	225	95	130	220	105	115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	60	20	40	35	15	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	25	35	80	20	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	40	30	10
54. History	35	25	10	40	30	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	15	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	450	125	325	525	95	430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	20	10	25	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	130	15	110	230	15	220
22. Legal professions and studies	40	10	35	55	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	95	20	75	90	15	75
45. Social sciences	150	70	80	105	40	60
Business, management and public administration	1,145	310	845	855	225	625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	185	15	170	210	40	165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	960	290	665	645	180	465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	65	45	155	75	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	30	30	95	55	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	35	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	20	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	50	40	70	25	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	50	40	50	20	35
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	10	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	990	915	70	1,405	1,335	70
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	20	20	0
14. Engineering	50	35	10	85	70	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	225	190	35	255	230	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	255	250	0	405	390	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	270	260	10	480	470	15
48. Precision production	185	175	10	165	165	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	60	15	250	190	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	10	60	35	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	50	10	195	160	35
Health and related fields	1,050	190	860	1,010	140	875
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	15	25	55	15	35
51. Health professions and related programs	995	160	835	955	120	835
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	570	315	255	580	305	275
12. Personal and culinary services	280	60	225	225	45	180
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	190	160	30	165	95	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	90	0	180	155	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,245	7,930	8,310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,255	3,365	3,895	8,685	4,325	4,360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,425	3,470	3,950	7,560	3,610	3,955
Location of study inside Canada	7,115	3,300	3,820	6,985	3,370	3,610
Same as province or territory of residence	5,600	2,520	3,075	5,865	2,850	3,020
Different than province or territory of residence	1,515	780	740	1,120	520	595
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	300	170	130	575	235	335
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	165	95	65	440	170	270
Philippines	15	10	10	15	10	10
India	0	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	20	0	25	0	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	90	40	50	85	45	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,895	4,145	4,750	10,170	4,980	5,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,515	1,760	1,760	4,590	2,375	2,215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,380	2,385	2,995	5,580	2,605	2,970
Location of study inside Canada	5,205	2,300	2,905	5,170	2,455	2,715
Same as province or territory of residence	4,080	1,725	2,355	4,330	2,075	2,260
Different than province or territory of residence	1,125	575	555	845	385	460
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	175	90	90	405	150	255
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	55	45	315	100	215
Philippines	15	0	10	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	10	0
Other	45	20	30	60	35	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,245	7,935	8,310
In the labour force	8,490	4,135	4,355	9,700	4,895	4,800
Employed	7,330	3,405	3,925	8,820	4,355	4,460
Unemployed	1,160	730	430	885	545	340
Not in the labour force	6,190	2,700	3,490	6,540	3,035	3,505
Participation rate	57.8	60.5	55.5	59.7	61.7	57.8
Employment rate	49.9	49.8	50.0	54.3	54.9	53.7
Unemployment rate	13.7	17.7	9.9	9.1	11.1	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	14,680	6,835	7,845	16,240	7,935	8,310
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,860	2,550	3,310	5,805	2,670	3,140
Worked	8,820	4,285	4,540	10,440	5,265	5,175
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,290	2,095	2,200	4,785	2,505	2,285
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,525	2,195	2,335	5,655	2,755	2,895
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	39.3	41.4	40.4	39.9	40.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	8,490	4,135	4,355	9,700	4,900	4,800
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	205	135	70	170	95	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	8,285	4,000	4,285	9,530	4,805	4,730
Employee	7,665	3,655	4,015	8,590	4,165	4,425
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	620	345	270	940	635	305
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	8,490	4,135	4,350	9,695	4,900	4,800
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	205	135	70	170	100	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	8,285	4,000	4,280	9,530	4,805	4,730
0 Management occupations	690	380	320	885	535	345
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,415	395	1,020	1,205	270	935
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	240	50	345	285	60
3 Health occupations	775	145	635	735	105	630
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,185	435	745	1,510	425	1,080
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	110	60	50	165	50	115
6 Sales and service occupations	2,270	910	1,360	2,110	790	1,315
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,095	1,045	45	1,785	1,675	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	165	160	0	465	395	70
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	285	235	50	335	270	65
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	8,490	4,135	4,355	9,700	4,895	4,800
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	205	130	75	170	95	70
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	8,285	4,005	4,285	9,530	4,805	4,730
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	90	15	510	405	105
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	105	10	350	285	65
22 Utilities	45	45	0	140	130	10
23 Construction	555	505	55	785	690	95
31-33 Manufacturing	470	395	80	470	360	100
41 Wholesale trade	175	135	45	130	95	35
44-45 Retail trade	1,360	585	780	1,175	505	665
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	225	165	60	480	365	110
51 Information and cultural industries	105	60	45	115	40	75
52 Finance and insurance	110	35	70	165	50	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	30	35	75	55	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	295	170	125	275	125	155
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	520	265	260	325	205	120
61 Educational services	705	240	465	890	210	680
62 Health care and social assistance	1,245	205	1,040	1,650	285	1,370
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	80	50	30	115	65	55
72 Accommodation and food services	575	205	375	695	270	430
81 Other services (except public administration)	380	180	205	390	220	170
91 Public administration	1,135	540	600	770	430	345
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	7,325	3,405	3,925	8,815	4,355	4,460
Worked at home	270	85	185	550	325	225
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	80	30	50
No fixed workplace address	625	465	160	1,040	815	225
Worked at usual place	6,405	2,840	3,570	7,140	3,185	3,955
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,405	2,835	3,565	7,135	3,180	3,955
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,670	2,395	3,280	4,350	1,820	2,535
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	415	230	185	2,490	1,185	1,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	190	110	80	260	155	105
Commute to a different province or territory	120	100	20	35	25	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,030	3,305	3,730	8,180	3,995	4,185
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,925	2,825	3,100	6,630	3,205	3,425
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	565	210	350	510	260	255
Public transit	115	60	50	65	55	15
Walked	310	130	175	780	345	430
Bicycle	0	0	0	85	60	20
Other method	130	80	45	105	65	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,030	3,300	3,730	8,180	3,995	4,185
Less than 15 minutes	4,055	1,800	2,255	4,785	2,105	2,680
15 to 29 minutes	2,320	1,045	1,275	1,660	800	870
30 to 44 minutes	325	215	110	835	480	355
45 to 59 minutes	140	85	50	330	205	120
60 minutes and over	195	155	40	570	410	160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,030	3,305	3,730	8,180	3,995	4,185
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	415	295	120	645	490	155
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,065	595	470	1,425	925	505
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,335	1,065	1,265	2,095	1,010	1,085
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,525	560	960	2,200	740	1,465
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	645	235	405	725	230	495
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,055	550	510	1,085	600	485
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	9,110	4,420	4,695	10,810	5,455	5,350
Single responses	8,915	4,335	4,580	10,740	5,435	5,300
Official languages	8,920	4,335	4,575	10,720	5,425	5,290
English	8,680	4,255	4,425	10,700	5,415	5,290
French	235	85	155	20	10	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	195	80	115	70	25	45
English and French	190	80	105	15	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	10	45	15	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	9,105	4,415	4,695	10,805	5,460	5,350
None	7,925	3,925	4,000	10,545	5,355	5,190
English	150	55	95	15	10	10
French	1,025	425	595	50	20	30
Non-official language	10	10	0	200	80	115
Aboriginal	0	0	0	165	70	95
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	10	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	16,975	7,985	8,990	19,530	9,660	9,870
Non-movers	15,195	7,175	8,015	17,320	8,590	8,730
Movers	1,780	805	970	2,210	1,065	1,140
Non-migrants	1,035	485	550	1,170	535	630
Migrants	745	320	420	1,045	535	515
Internal migrants	690	305	385	970	500	475
Intraprovincial migrants	470	190	285	700	345	355
Interprovincial migrants	220	115	100	270	150	120
External migrants	55	20	40	75	35	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	16,260	7,635	8,625	18,645	9,210	9,435
Non-movers	11,505	5,495	6,020	13,330	6,595	6,730
Movers	4,750	2,140	2,605	5,315	2,610	2,705
Non-migrants	2,745	1,270	1,475	2,785	1,385	1,400
Migrants	2,005	870	1,135	2,535	1,230	1,305
Internal migrants	1,940	845	1,095	2,380	1,170	1,210
Intraprovincial migrants	1,150	475	675	1,830	895	930
Interprovincial migrants	795	370	420	550	275	275
External migrants	65	25	40	155	60	95

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Miramichi, C [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Rainy River, DIS [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario