Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newmarket, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lillooet [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Newmarket, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Lillooet British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Newmarket, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Newmarket, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Lillooet [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	84,224	...	...	1,560	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	79,978	...	...	1,545^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.3	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	29,315	...	...	841	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	28,673	...	...	744	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,190.5	...	...	681.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	38.45	...	...	2.29	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	84,225	40,470	43,755	1,555	740	810
0 to 14 years	14,835	7,600	7,235	205	105	105
0 to 4 years	4,335	2,245	2,095	60	25	35
5 to 9 years	5,020	2,605	2,415	65	35	30
10 to 14 years	5,475	2,755	2,725	75	45	35
15 to 64 years	57,850	27,960	29,890	985	480	505
15 to 19 years	6,150	3,060	3,090	90	55	40
20 to 24 years	5,785	3,025	2,755	55	30	25
25 to 29 years	4,410	2,240	2,165	70	30	40
30 to 34 years	4,740	2,185	2,550	80	35	45
35 to 39 years	5,185	2,415	2,770	75	30	45
40 to 44 years	5,835	2,750	3,085	95	50	50
45 to 49 years	6,860	3,215	3,645	125	60	60
50 to 54 years	7,540	3,645	3,900	120	60	60
55 to 59 years	6,515	3,140	3,380	135	70	65
60 to 64 years	4,835	2,285	2,550	140	65	75
65 years and over	11,545	4,910	6,635	365	165	205
65 to 69 years	3,855	1,840	2,010	120	55	65
70 to 74 years	2,605	1,175	1,425	90	50	40
75 to 79 years	1,880	805	1,070	55	20	30
80 to 84 years	1,485	590	900	45	20	30
85 years and over	1,725	500	1,225	50	10	40
85 to 89 years	1,045	340	705	30	10	20
90 to 94 years	530	125	400	15	5	15
95 to 99 years	125	25	100	5	0	5
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.8	16.5	13.2	14.2	13.0
15 to 64 years	68.7	69.1	68.3	63.3	64.9	62.3
65 years and over	13.7	12.1	15.2	23.5	22.3	25.3
85 years and over	2.0	1.2	2.8	3.2	1.4	4.9
Average age of the population	39.7	38.4	40.9	46.2	45.2	47.2
Median age of the population	40.9	39.4	42.2	48.9	48.2	50.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	28,670	...	...	745	...	...
Single-detached house	17,130	...	...	430	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,295	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10,240	...	...	165	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,215	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	3,550	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,975	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,325	...	...	50	...	...
Other single-attached house	170	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	28,675	...	...	740	...	...
1 person	5,120	...	...	285	...	...
2 persons	8,140	...	...	275	...	...
3 persons	5,570	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	6,340	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	3,505	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	82,725	...	...	1,530	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	69,395	32,870	36,520	1,350	645	705
Married or living common law	40,455	20,160	20,290	680	340	340
Married	35,880	17,885	18,000	500	250	250
Living common law	4,570	2,275	2,295	185	90	95
Not married and not living common law	28,940	12,710	16,230	670	305	365
Never married	19,370	10,110	9,255	365	200	165
Separated	1,920	670	1,245	60	30	35
Divorced	4,110	1,345	2,770	125	55	70
Widowed	3,545	585	2,965	120	25	95
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,945	...	...	435	...	...
2 persons	9,435	...	...	275	...	...
3 persons	5,925	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	6,440	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	2,145	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,945	...	...	435	...	...
Total couple families	19,810	...	...	335	...	...
Married couples	17,525	...	...	245	...	...
Common-law couples	2,285	...	...	95	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,135	...	...	95	...	...
Female parent	3,350	...	...	75	...	...
Male parent	790	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	19,810	...	...	335	...	...
Couples without children	7,130	...	...	210	...	...
Couples with children	12,675	...	...	125	...	...
1 child	4,525	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	6,085	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	2,065	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,140	...	...	100	...	...
1 child	2,305	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	1,395	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	435	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,130	3,675	5,455	405	190	220
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	28,670	...	...	740	...	...
One-census-family households	21,760	...	...	410	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,290	...	...	200	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,465	...	...	210	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,060	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,855	...	...	325	...	...
One-person households	5,120	...	...	285	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	735	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	83,355	40,130	43,225	1,555	745	810
English only	75,315	36,885	38,430	1,500	720	790
French only	35	15	25	0	0	0
English and French	6,330	2,575	3,760	50	25	25
Neither English nor French	1,675	660	1,010	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	83,360	40,130	43,225	1,560	745	815
English	80,250	38,850	41,400	1,540	735	805
French	1,005	430	575	10	5	5
English and French	470	210	260	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,635	645	995	0	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,240	535	705	15	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.3	1.6	1.0	1.3	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	83,360	40,130	43,225	1,555	745	810
Single responses	81,550	39,300	42,250	1,535	735	800
Official languages	60,490	29,435	31,055	1,415	685	730
English	59,510	29,005	30,500	1,400	675	720
French	985	425	560	20	10	5
Non-official languages	21,060	9,870	11,190	115	50	70
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,055	9,865	11,190	105	45	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	770	395	380	0	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	760	390	375	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	590	300	295	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	20	15	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	80	45	40	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	990	455	535	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	590	270	320	0	0	0
Vietnamese	395	185	210	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,040	370	665	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	15	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	895	320	580	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	375	195	185	0	0	5
Kannada	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	45	40	0	0	0
Tamil	250	125	130	0	0	0
Telugu	30	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,790	5,620	6,170	75	35	40
Albanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	135	75	60	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,355	1,570	1,790	15	5	10
Baltic languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,280	1,540	1,740	20	5	10
Belarusan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Croatian	105	45	60	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	35	5	0	0
Macedonian	155	70	80	0	0	0
Polish	510	245	265	10	0	5
Russian	1,930	920	1,010	5	0	0
Serbian	105	55	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	20	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	20	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	245	110	135	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,035	460	580	25	10	15
Afrikaans	35	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Dutch	230	115	110	5	5	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	680	280	395	20	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	5	0
Swedish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	480	230	250	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,095	1,505	1,585	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	1,235	620	615	20	10	5
Bengali	65	35	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	200	100	100	0	0	0
Hindi	170	90	85	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	65	50	15	10	5
Sindhi	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Urdu	565	275	290	0	0	5
Iranian languages	1,850	885	965	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Pashto	20	5	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,795	850	940	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,640	1,765	1,885	10	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,535	775	760	0	0	0
Portuguese	450	225	230	5	0	5
Romanian	565	255	310	0	0	0
Spanish	1,085	505	580	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	45	65	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	450	215	235	10	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	5
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,425	2,065	2,355	10	5	0
Chinese languages	4,400	2,055	2,345	5	5	5
Cantonese	1,685	775	910	5	0	0
Hakka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,430	1,145	1,280	0	0	5
Min Dong	15	5	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	125	65	65	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	90	35	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	405	185	215	0	0	0
Lao	345	165	175	0	0	0
Thai	55	15	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	130	70	65	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	40	25	20	0	0	0
Turkish	70	40	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	425	185	235	0	0	5
Estonian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Finnish	95	35	60	0	0	0
Hungarian	295	135	160	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,805	830	975	20	5	15
English and French	200	100	105	5	0	0
English and non-official language	1,510	690	820	15	10	10
French and non-official language	50	20	25	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	83,360	40,130	43,225	1,555	740	815
Single responses	79,060	38,140	40,920	1,520	725	790
Official languages	68,315	33,085	35,230	1,465	700	760
English	68,000	32,950	35,050	1,460	700	760
French	315	135	175	5	5	0
Non-official languages	10,745	5,055	5,695	55	25	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,750	5,055	5,695	55	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	140	150	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	290	140	150	5	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	230	115	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	610	270	335	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	385	165	220	0	0	0
Vietnamese	225	105	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	380	160	215	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	330	140	195	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	190	90	100	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	150	75	75	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,205	2,440	2,760	35	15	15
Albanian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Armenian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,820	860	960	10	5	5
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,805	855	950	10	5	5
Belarusan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Polish	190	90	100	0	0	0
Russian	1,320	640	680	0	0	0
Serbian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	40	60	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	45	50	5	5	5
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	25	30	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	70	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,875	870	1,005	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	665	315	345	15	5	5
Bengali	45	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	110	50	60	0	0	0
Hindi	85	40	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	25	15	5	5
Sindhi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Urdu	315	145	165	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,205	550	660	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,195	545	655	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,205	570	635	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	255	110	140	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	55	55	10	5	0
Romanian	325	150	175	0	0	0
Spanish	520	250	265	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	30	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	335	160	175	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,225	1,540	1,690	5	0	0
Chinese languages	3,225	1,535	1,685	5	5	5
Cantonese	1,155	545	610	5	0	0
Hakka	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,925	925	1,000	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	210	105	100	0	0	0
Lao	185	95	90	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	55	70	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	100	40	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,295	1,990	2,305	40	15	20
English and French	130	60	70	0	5	0
English and non-official language	4,085	1,900	2,190	35	15	25
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	25	45	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	83,360	40,135	43,225	1,555	745	815
None	71,050	34,405	36,640	1,460	700	755
English	4,780	2,295	2,485	25	15	10
French	995	415	575	10	5	5
Non-official language	6,295	2,900	3,400	60	20	40
Aboriginal	0	0	5	20	5	15
Non-Aboriginal	6,295	2,900	3,395	40	15	25
English and French	45	25	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	115	60	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	20	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	67,905	32,335	35,575	1,325	640	690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,045	30,945	34,100	1,290	620	670
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,197	44,128	30,518	26,624	33,152	22,848
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,055	30,945	34,105	1,290	620	670
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,728	39,049	27,970	24,848	30,379	22,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,820	28,970	30,850	1,100	540	560
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,373	44,032	28,411	24,640	32,832	18,272
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,585	18,965	25,620	1,020	460	560
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,620	1,032	3,852	8,390	7,984	8,608
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,575	25,800	25,775	895	450	450
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,764	44,330	30,974	24,032	34,240	19,136
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	67,905	32,335	35,575	1,265	645	620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,005	30,835	34,165	1,245	630	610
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,369	62,560	41,269	34,767	39,411	29,993
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,010	30,840	34,170	1,245	630	615
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,628	49,006	34,969	30,569	33,861	27,184
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,555	28,705	30,850	1,040	535	510
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,253	63,519	39,839	32,446	38,273	26,343
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,655	18,845	25,810	1,010	470	540
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,423	5,609	7,017	9,472	9,612	9,349
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,575	25,600	25,980	870	435	435
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,511	62,316	40,864	32,944	39,575	26,320
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	67,905	32,335	35,575	1,265	645	625
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,945	14,370	11,575	305	160	140
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	61,698	68,286	55,352	50,989	59,860	37,572
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	75,174	85,538	62,307	53,730	62,819	43,124
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.4	94.5	87.1	79.7	84.1	73.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	79.4	82.7	74.8	65.1	69.9	58.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.6	5.5	12.9	20.3	15.5	26.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	67,905	32,335	35,570	1,325	635	685
Without total income	2,860	1,385	1,475	30	20	20
With total income	65,045	30,945	34,100	1,290	620	670
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.7	95.9	97.4	97.6	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,220	4,360	5,865	195	90	105
$10,000 to $19,999	10,445	4,205	6,240	290	105	185
$20,000 to $29,999	7,870	3,120	4,755	240	90	145
$30,000 to $39,999	6,290	2,640	3,640	130	60	70
$40,000 to $49,999	5,810	2,640	3,170	110	60	50
$50,000 to $59,999	4,825	2,270	2,555	90	50	40
$60,000 to $69,999	3,800	1,915	1,885	65	40	25
$70,000 to $79,999	3,195	1,735	1,460	50	35	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,770	1,565	1,210	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	2,555	1,360	1,200	30	20	5
$100,000 and over	7,260	5,140	2,120	45	35	10
$100,000 to $149,999	4,860	3,260	1,605	45	35	5
$150,000 and over	2,400	1,885	515	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	67,905	32,330	35,575	1,325	635	685
Without after-tax income	2,855	1,385	1,470	30	15	15
With after-tax income	65,050	30,950	34,105	1,290	620	670
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.7	95.9	97.4	97.6	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,475	4,425	6,055	200	95	110
$10,000 to $19,999	10,845	4,385	6,460	300	115	185
$20,000 to $29,999	9,110	3,680	5,430	260	100	160
$30,000 to $39,999	7,610	3,275	4,340	155	75	75
$40,000 to $49,999	6,815	3,195	3,620	125	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	5,235	2,620	2,615	95	50	40
$60,000 to $69,999	4,120	2,330	1,800	60	45	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,530	1,955	1,570	55	35	15
$80,000 and over	7,300	5,085	2,215	45	35	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,440	1,510	930	30	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,400	955	445	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	3,460	2,615	845	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	67,905	32,330	35,575	1,325	635	690
Without employment income	16,335	6,530	9,805	425	185	240
With employment income	51,570	25,800	25,770	900	450	445
Percentage with employment income	75.9	79.8	72.4	67.9	70.9	64.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,740	3,015	3,720	190	90	95
$5,000 to $9,999	4,415	1,925	2,490	85	30	50
$10,000 to $19,999	6,555	2,925	3,630	130	50	85
$20,000 to $29,999	4,990	2,210	2,785	105	40	65
$30,000 to $39,999	4,530	1,960	2,570	75	30	45
$40,000 to $49,999	4,280	1,985	2,295	70	40	35
$50,000 to $59,999	3,620	1,735	1,885	60	35	30
$60,000 to $69,999	3,040	1,505	1,535	45	35	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,560	1,425	1,135	45	30	10
$80,000 and over	10,845	7,115	3,730	90	65	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,370	1,345	1,025	35	20	15
$90,000 to $99,999	2,345	1,240	1,105	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	6,130	4,525	1,600	30	25	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	28,670	...	...	745	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,589	...	...	50,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,121	...	...	45,670	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,120	...	...	285	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,136	...	...	23,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,938	...	...	22,976	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,555	...	...	460	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,989	...	...	67,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,738	...	...	60,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	28,675	...	...	730	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	116,456	...	...	59,350	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	94,381	...	...	52,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,160	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,832	...	...	30,526	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,830	...	...	27,489	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,515	...	...	445	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	130,634	...	...	77,663	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,691	...	...	67,872	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	28,675	...	...	745	...	...
Under $5,000	290	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	240	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	460	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	680	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	825	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	770	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	880	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	820	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	845	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	890	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,705	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,760	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,615	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,665	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,585	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,640	...	...	125	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,530	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,945	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,625	...	...	30	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,540	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	28,675	...	...	745	...	...
Under $5,000	330	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	240	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	460	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	705	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	935	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	875	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	965	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	970	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,055	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,060	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,125	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,100	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,100	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,020	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,840	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,900	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,950	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,620	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,335	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,105	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	109,004	...	...	66,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,913	...	...	59,392	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,135	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,946	...	...	67,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,416	...	...	59,072	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,725	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,104	...	...	95,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,905	...	...	83,968	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,680	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,902	...	...	38,528	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,429	...	...	36,096	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,065	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	130,372	...	...	76,377	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,300	...	...	66,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,140	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,005	...	...	82,473	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,941	...	...	71,278	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,695	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	155,994	...	...	101,317	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,901	...	...	87,455	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,615	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	80,143	...	...	39,244	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,297	...	...	35,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,205	3,055	4,155	370	170	200
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,961	37,878	33,152	23,744	27,584	22,784
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,479	33,627	30,260	22,976	25,173	21,824
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,205	3,075	4,135	370	200	165
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,086	48,662	44,172	28,890	29,513	28,136
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,501	39,721	37,594	26,215	26,649	25,691
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	82,725	39,920	42,805	1,530	740	790
In the bottom half of the distribution	30,855	14,305	16,550	945	440	505
In the bottom decile	5,730	2,730	3,005	265	125	140
In the second decile	5,845	2,580	3,260	200	85	115
In the third decile	6,230	2,850	3,380	195	100	100
In the fourth decile	6,115	2,865	3,250	165	75	95
In the fifth decile	6,935	3,285	3,655	125	60	60
In the top half of the distribution	51,875	25,620	26,255	585	295	290
In the sixth decile	8,310	4,005	4,310	120	55	65
In the seventh decile	8,910	4,315	4,595	130	70	60
In the eighth decile	10,515	5,165	5,350	145	70	75
In the ninth decile	11,935	5,960	5,975	135	65	65
In the top decile	12,200	6,175	6,025	55	30	20
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	82,725	39,925	42,805	1,475	710	765
0 to 17 years	18,420	9,390	9,035	255	135	125
0 to 5 years	5,260	2,710	2,550	70	30	40
18 to 64 years	53,815	25,920	27,895	885	420	460
65 years and over	10,490	4,620	5,870	335	155	180
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,265	3,815	4,445	335	150	185
0 to 17 years	2,395	1,285	1,105	75	30	40
0 to 5 years	720	385	330	15	0	10
18 to 64 years	4,875	2,215	2,655	200	90	105
65 years and over	995	315	680	70	25	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.0	9.6	10.4	22.7	21.1	24.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.0	13.7	12.2	29.4	22.2	32.0
0 to 5 years (%)	13.7	14.2	12.9	21.4	0.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.1	8.5	9.5	22.6	21.4	22.8
65 years and over (%)	9.5	6.8	11.6	20.9	16.1	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,705	3,135	3,570	120	65	55
0 to 17 years	1,835	990	850	25	15	5
0 to 5 years	545	290	255	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	4,200	1,945	2,260	90	45	45
65 years and over	670	205	465	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.1	7.9	8.3	8.1	9.2	7.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	10.5	9.4	9.8	11.1	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	10.7	10.0	0.0	16.7	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	7.5	8.1	10.2	10.7	9.8
65 years and over (%)	6.4	4.4	7.9	3.0	3.2	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	82,725	39,925	42,805	1,495	755	740
Official languages	81,055	39,270	41,780	1,495	760	735
English	81,005	39,255	41,755	1,495	755	740
French	6,350	2,515	3,835	25	10	20
Non-official languages	25,905	12,050	13,865	120	50	70
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	30	0	25
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	20	0	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,900	12,045	13,855	100	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,200	605	595	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,200	605	595	0	0	0
Amharic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	790	355	435	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	370	225	145	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,405	625	780	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	885	400	485	0	0	0
Vietnamese	530	230	300	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,280	450	830	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	65	15	50	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	55	20	35	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	15	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,180	410	765	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	20	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	415	205	205	0	0	0
Kannada	30	15	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	125	65	60	0	0	0
Tamil	240	120	120	0	0	0
Telugu	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15,450	7,345	8,105	70	30	40
Albanian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Armenian	185	105	75	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,955	1,895	2,065	20	0	15
Baltic languages	110	45	60	0	0	0
Latvian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,905	1,870	2,035	15	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Croatian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Czech	85	40	45	0	0	0
Macedonian	240	115	130	0	0	0
Polish	520	240	280	10	0	10
Russian	2,550	1,230	1,320	0	0	10
Serbian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	50	15	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	60	20	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	430	190	245	15	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,495	635	860	10	10	0
Afrikaans	75	35	45	0	0	0
Danish	60	20	40	0	0	0
Dutch	355	145	215	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	970	425	550	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	640	325	315	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,015	1,885	2,130	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	1,870	915	950	10	0	10
Bengali	120	60	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	460	215	250	0	0	0
Hindi	685	385	300	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	45	20	25	0	0	0
Marathi	45	30	15	0	0	0
Nepali	25	0	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	345	170	170	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	120	60	60	0	0	0
Urdu	600	300	300	0	0	10
Iranian languages	2,170	985	1,185	0	0	0
Kurdish	115	65	50	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,105	945	1,160	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,465	2,630	2,835	35	15	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,360	1,250	1,115	0	0	10
Portuguese	660	295	365	0	0	10
Romanian	755	335	420	0	0	0
Spanish	1,925	860	1,065	30	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	175	70	105	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	555	270	280	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	180	105	80	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	30	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	75	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	120	35	80	10	0	0
American Sign Language	40	0	30	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	80	25	50	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,965	2,260	2,710	10	0	10
Chinese languages	4,940	2,255	2,685	10	0	0
Cantonese	1,995	870	1,130	0	0	0
Hakka	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,335	1,545	1,795	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	145	70	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	20	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	10	30	0	0	0
Burmese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	390	195	200	0	0	0
Lao	355	180	175	0	0	0
Thai	70	20	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	175	80	90	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	50	20	30	0	0	0
Turkish	110	55	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	440	205	230	0	0	0
Estonian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Finnish	100	35	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	295	145	145	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	82,730	39,925	42,805	1,495	755	735
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	77,665	37,730	39,935	1,465	740	725
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,715	9,085	8,635	270	145	120
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	59,950	28,645	31,300	1,195	595	600
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,065	2,195	2,870	25	15	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	82,730	39,920	42,810	1,495	760	735
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	58,910	29,090	29,815	1,400	720	685
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	23,235	10,580	12,650	95	40	55
Before 1981	6,370	2,960	3,415	35	15	15
1981 to 1990	3,215	1,485	1,730	15	0	15
1991 to 2000	4,785	2,140	2,645	15	10	10
2001 to 2010	6,575	2,970	3,600	20	15	10
2001 to 2005	3,550	1,620	1,935	10	10	10
2006 to 2010	3,020	1,350	1,665	10	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,295	1,030	1,265	15	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	585	250	340	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	23,235	10,585	12,655	95	40	55
Under 5 years	2,520	1,205	1,315	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	4,240	2,190	2,050	25	25	10
15 to 24 years	4,860	1,970	2,885	0	0	10
25 to 44 years	9,585	4,385	5,200	50	20	30
45 years and over	2,035	825	1,205	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	23,240	10,585	12,650	95	40	55
Americas	3,080	1,375	1,705	20	15	0
Brazil	110	60	50	0	0	0
Colombia	225	115	110	0	0	0
El Salvador	130	45	80	0	0	0
Guyana	290	115	175	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	635	305	330	0	0	0
Mexico	95	30	65	10	10	0
Peru	105	40	60	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	265	145	120	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	555	215	345	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	655	290	360	0	0	0
Europe	8,165	3,770	4,395	40	15	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	25	35	0	0	0
Croatia	75	30	45	0	0	0
France	45	20	30	0	0	0
Germany	380	170	205	10	10	0
Greece	280	130	150	0	0	0
Hungary	145	65	80	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	115	60	55	0	0	0
Italy	855	450	405	10	10	10
Netherlands	285	125	160	0	0	0
Poland	385	180	205	0	0	0
Portugal	215	80	140	0	0	10
Romania	570	245	325	0	0	0
Russian Federation	790	355	435	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	525	240	290	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,350	1,075	1,275	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	1,000	480	520	0	0	0
Africa	940	450	485	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	90	35	60	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	90	40	45	0	0	0
Morocco	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	75	35	40	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	220	105	110	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	425	225	205	0	0	0
Asia	10,975	4,955	6,020	25	15	10
Afghanistan	165	80	85	0	0	0
Bangladesh	65	30	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,455	1,110	1,345	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	615	275	340	0	0	0
India	795	405	390	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	1,535	715	820	0	0	0
Iraq	160	65	95	0	0	0
Japan	40	10	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	385	185	200	0	10	0
Lebanon	210	95	120	0	0	0
Pakistan	370	190	175	10	0	10
Philippines	1,145	400	745	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	240	125	115	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	175	70	105	0	0	0
Viet Nam	490	200	290	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,075	960	1,115	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	80	40	45	10	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,290	1,030	1,265	15	0	10
Americas	205	105	95	0	0	0
Brazil	35	15	15	0	0	0
Colombia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	25	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	25	0	0	0
Europe	390	190	200	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	70	15	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	20	40	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	85	55	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	105	50	55	10	10	10
Africa	70	35	35	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	45	20	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	1,605	690	915	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	505	190	315	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	125	65	70	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	290	135	155	0	0	0
Iraq	35	15	20	0	0	0
Israel	85	50	30	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	120	70	50	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	15	20	0	0	0
Philippines	240	85	160	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	25	55	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	82,730	39,920	42,805	1,495	755	735
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	24,165	11,000	13,170	100	40	60
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	22,015	11,340	10,675	245	145	100
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	36,545	17,585	18,960	1,155	575	580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	17,235	7,820	9,415	65	25	40
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	9,045	4,435	4,615	45	25	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,620	2,230	1,395	15	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,425	2,205	3,220	25	10	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	5,320	1,920	3,395	25	0	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,745	1,400	1,345	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	125	65	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	82,730	39,925	42,805	1,495	755	740
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,290	555	735	485	215	270
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,225	535	690	480	210	270
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	825	345	475	395	175	220
Métis	400	190	210	90	40	50
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	0	25	0	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	35	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	81,440	39,370	42,070	1,005	540	470
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	82,730	39,925	42,805	1,495	755	740
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	380	155	225	350	150	195
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	82,345	39,765	42,580	1,145	605	540
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	82,725	39,925	42,805	1,495	755	735
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	165	85	80	185	85	95
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	160	80	85	185	85	95
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	115	60	50	180	85	95
Métis single ancestry	50	20	35	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,980	860	1,120	290	150	140
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,945	835	1,110	295	150	140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,440	630	815	205	120	85
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	480	200	280	85	30	55
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	30	25	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	80,580	38,975	41,610	1,020	520	500
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	82,730	39,920	42,810	1,495	760	740
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	21,345	10,135	11,210	75	50	25
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,295	1,675	1,620	15	10	0
Chinese	5,590	2,600	2,985	15	0	0
Black	2,310	1,185	1,130	0	10	0
Filipino	1,805	705	1,095	0	10	0
Latin American	1,225	560	670	15	10	10
Arab	685	330	355	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	2,255	1,145	1,115	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,955	895	1,060	0	0	0
Korean	695	350	350	0	0	0
Japanese	295	145	150	10	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	350	185	170	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	885	375	515	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	61,385	29,785	31,595	1,420	710	710
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	82,725	39,925	42,805	1,495	755	740
North American Aboriginal origins	2,150	945	1,200	475	240	235
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,575	705	870	385	210	180
Inuit	45	25	20	0	0	0
Métis	565	245	320	85	30	55
Other North American origins	19,735	9,685	10,055	445	215	235
Acadian	80	20	60	0	0	0
American	1,030	460	570	15	10	0
Canadian	19,015	9,370	9,645	435	205	230
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	100	65	40	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	56,205	27,060	29,145	1,065	545	520
British Isles origins	35,600	16,995	18,605	790	420	370
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	21,730	10,325	11,405	540	275	260
Irish	14,835	6,975	7,865	240	85	155
Manx	35	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish	15,815	7,475	8,340	325	165	160
Welsh	1,510	735	775	20	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,585	1,105	1,480	40	25	10
French origins	6,385	2,935	3,450	105	55	50
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,375	2,935	3,445	105	55	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,365	4,925	5,440	265	135	135
Austrian	620	320	305	0	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	180	70	110	10	0	10
Dutch	3,250	1,560	1,695	85	45	45
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,645	3,140	3,505	155	75	80
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	385	175	210	15	10	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,865	805	1,060	170	80	90
Danish	430	215	220	10	0	10
Finnish	520	220	300	10	0	10
Icelandic	110	55	55	20	10	10
Norwegian	440	185	255	75	30	45
Swedish	445	135	315	60	25	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	115	65	50	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	10,275	4,995	5,280	135	70	70
Bulgarian	140	85	55	0	0	0
Byelorussian	215	115	95	0	0	0
Czech	250	125	130	0	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	75	45	35	0	0	0
Estonian	120	55	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	995	485	510	10	0	0
Latvian	155	70	80	0	0	0
Lithuanian	185	105	75	10	0	0
Moldovan	145	80	65	0	0	0
Polish	3,070	1,560	1,505	75	35	35
Romanian	1,095	505	590	0	0	0
Russian	2,840	1,390	1,450	15	10	15
Slovak	230	105	125	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,950	1,390	1,560	80	30	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins	13,480	6,730	6,750	130	100	30
Albanian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	440	230	210	0	0	0
Cypriot	30	30	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,585	810	775	10	0	0
Italian	8,045	4,180	3,865	60	45	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	630	325	305	0	0	0
Maltese	210	115	95	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,595	735	855	40	40	0
Serbian	295	155	145	0	0	0
Sicilian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	280	135	145	0	0	0
Spanish	1,275	530	745	25	15	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	155	45	105	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	760	410	350	30	10	20
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	595	325	270	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	135	70	65	20	10	20
Caribbean origins	2,355	1,165	1,195	0	10	0
Antiguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Barbadian	200	80	120	0	0	0
Bermudan	40	30	15	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	135	60	75	0	0	0
Dominican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	25	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,320	600	725	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	400	230	170	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	10	15	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	185	105	80	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	80	35	45	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,030	970	1,055	35	20	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	50	25	20	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	60	45	15	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	125	70	60	0	0	0
Chilean	100	50	55	0	0	0
Colombian	355	185	170	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	180	75	100	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	20	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	365	185	185	0	0	0
Hispanic	45	25	25	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	255	105	145	25	10	20
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	115	45	70	0	0	0
Salvadorean	135	55	80	0	0	0
Uruguayan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	105	65	40	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	85	45	45	0	0	0
African origins	1,710	835	880	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	180	90	90	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	10	15	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	35	25	10	0	0	0
North African origins	295	135	165	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	200	95	100	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	90	35	55	0	0	0
Sudanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	650	330	320	10	0	0
Afrikaner	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	50	25	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	20	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	30	0	25	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	385	195	190	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	50	35	15	0	0	0
Zambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	20	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	10	35	0	0	0
Other African origins	600	285	315	0	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	10	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	565	275	285	10	0	0
Asian origins	18,585	8,785	9,800	100	50	50
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,990	1,920	2,070	15	10	10
Afghan	330	130	200	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	90	50	45	0	0	0
Armenian	270	145	125	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	50	25	20	0	0	0
Georgian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,870	890	980	0	0	0
Iraqi	220	90	130	0	0	0
Israeli	155	85	75	0	0	0
Jordanian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	110	65	50	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	400	190	210	10	0	10
Palestinian	155	95	60	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	125	60	65	0	0	0
Tajik	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tatar	55	30	30	0	0	0
Turk	140	70	70	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	40	10	25	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	45	25	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,475	1,730	1,750	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	60	45	20	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,365	1,170	1,200	15	10	0
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	60	25	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	10	20	0	0	0
Pakistani	460	210	250	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	310	170	140	0	0	0
Tamil	50	30	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	195	105	90	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	11,325	5,195	6,125	75	35	40
Burmese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,070	535	535	0	0	0
Chinese	6,405	2,885	3,525	25	15	10
Filipino	1,975	770	1,205	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Japanese	370	195	180	45	15	30
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	725	355	365	10	10	0
Laotian	575	295	280	0	0	0
Malaysian	50	10	40	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	120	50	70	0	0	0
Thai	100	40	65	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	740	345	395	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	90	45	45	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	95	50	40	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	90	50	40	0	0	0
Oceania origins	165	85	80	35	0	25
Australian	105	60	45	10	0	0
New Zealander	70	30	40	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	25	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	10	0	20	10	20
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	28,675	...	...	730	...	...
Owner	22,800	...	...	480	...	...
Renter	5,875	...	...	245	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	28,675	...	...	730	...	...
Condominium	2,250	...	...	40	...	...
Not condominium	26,425	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	28,675	...	...	730	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,810	...	...	135	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,430	...	...	240	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,435	...	...	205	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,925	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	28,670	...	...	730	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,095	...	...	290	...	...
5 rooms	3,370	...	...	90	...	...
6 rooms	4,405	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	4,650	...	...	70	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,155	...	...	180	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	28,675	...	...	730	...	...
One person or fewer per room	28,400	...	...	725	...	...
More than 1 person per room	275	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	28,675	...	...	730	...	...
Suitable	27,555	...	...	690	...	...
Not suitable	1,120	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	28,675	...	...	725	...	...
1960 or before	3,210	...	...	130	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,015	...	...	305	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,425	...	...	120	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,370	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,455	...	...	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,585	...	...	35	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,610	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	28,670	...	...	730	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	27,560	...	...	625	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,110	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	28,675	...	...	725	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,590	...	...	520	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,230	...	...	200	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	855	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	28,670	...	...	725	...	...
15 to 24 years	265	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,675	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,375	...	...	110	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,020	...	...	110	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,320	...	...	210	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,460	...	...	150	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,890	...	...	45	...	...
85 years and over	665	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	28,655	...	...	705	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	21,000	...	...	500	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,655	...	...	205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,650	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,795	...	...	465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.5	...	...	51.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	21.4	...	...	18.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,789	...	...	632	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,768	...	...	867	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	650,910	...	...	200,374	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	691,544	...	...	231,247	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,875	...	...	235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.3	...	...	16.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.3	...	...	53.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,151	...	...	678	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,247	...	...	716	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	67,905	32,330	35,575	1,265	645	625
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,275	5,025	5,255	310	175	130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,930	9,170	9,760	365	165	205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,695	18,140	20,560	590	310	280
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,510	2,425	1,080	175	135	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,645	950	695	105	75	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,860	1,475	385	65	60	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,320	6,780	8,545	225	95	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,680	760	925	25	0	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,190	8,175	10,005	170	70	95
Bachelor's degree	13,060	5,715	7,345	115	60	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,355	525	825	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	360	175	185	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,085	1,585	1,505	40	0	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	325	180	140	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	45,575	21,600	23,975	835	405	430
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,735	1,945	1,785	170	90	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,625	5,225	5,410	250	95	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,215	14,430	16,780	405	215	190
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,490	1,735	750	105	85	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,180	685	495	60	45	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,305	1,050	255	45	40	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,055	5,370	6,685	160	75	80
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,330	590	740	20	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,340	6,735	8,610	125	55	70
Bachelor's degree	10,865	4,630	6,235	85	45	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,150	420	725	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	280	125	155	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,760	1,395	1,365	35	10	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	290	155	130	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	67,905	32,330	35,570	1,265	645	620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	29,205	14,195	15,015	675	335	340
Education	2,480	485	1,990	70	30	40
13. Education	2,480	485	1,995	70	30	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,790	760	1,035	10	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	230	175	50	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,560	585	975	10	0	0
Humanities	2,105	710	1,395	35	10	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	210	45	165	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	650	165	480	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	470	155	315	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	50	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	85	75	10	0	0
54. History	425	205	225	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	100	0	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,275	1,635	3,640	50	25	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	0	45	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	470	180	290	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	930	65	870	15	10	10
22. Legal professions and studies	815	230	580	0	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	20	85	10	0	0
42. Psychology	890	210	680	0	10	10
45. Social sciences	2,010	920	1,085	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,480	3,495	4,985	70	20	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	580	100	480	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,890	3,395	4,495	55	15	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,580	800	785	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	590	265	325	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	410	190	220	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	475	310	170	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	35	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,170	1,390	780	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,665	1,125	540	10	0	10
25. Library science	75	15	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	365	200	165	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	65	50	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,225	6,455	775	155	155	0
04. Architecture and related services	400	265	130	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,265	1,825	440	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,550	1,425	130	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,155	1,135	25	45	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,255	1,220	30	65	65	0
48. Precision production	600	580	15	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	650	395	255	45	35	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	365	220	145	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	280	175	115	30	20	10
Health and related fields	4,880	970	3,915	110	15	100
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	765	350	415	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,010	555	3,455	110	15	95
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	110	65	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,055	1,050	1,005	35	15	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,115	345	770	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	705	475	230	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	215	10	20	15	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	45,580	21,600	23,975	835	405	430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,360	7,165	7,190	425	190	235
Education	1,925	370	1,555	45	20	25
13. Education	1,925	370	1,555	45	20	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,385	560	820	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	150	125	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,225	435	795	10	10	0
Humanities	1,680	555	1,125	20	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	35	140	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	510	140	370	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	390	125	265	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	40	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	140	75	65	0	0	10
54. History	315	145	170	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	85	0	75	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,375	1,320	3,055	40	20	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	0	50	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	395	155	245	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	775	45	735	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	700	175	525	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	15	50	10	0	0
42. Psychology	740	180	565	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,640	750	890	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,000	2,870	4,135	60	15	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	460	75	385	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,530	2,785	3,750	50	15	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,300	615	685	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	495	205	295	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	345	160	190	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	375	235	140	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	15	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,965	1,255	710	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,545	1,040	500	0	0	0
25. Library science	65	10	55	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	295	160	140	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	60	45	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,710	5,065	650	105	105	10
04. Architecture and related services	310	205	105	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,915	1,535	380	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,175	1,080	95	30	25	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	910	885	25	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	985	960	25	35	40	0
48. Precision production	415	400	10	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	520	290	230	40	30	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	310	175	135	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	210	115	90	25	15	10
Health and related fields	3,785	745	3,040	70	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	615	280	340	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,090	420	2,665	70	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	45	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,555	790	770	20	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	880	290	595	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	505	340	165	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	165	165	10	0	0	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	67,905	32,330	35,575	1,265	645	625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,205	14,190	15,015	680	335	340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,700	18,145	20,560	595	305	285
Location of study inside Canada	30,440	14,405	16,040	555	290	265
Same as province or territory of residence	28,395	13,420	14,965	440	240	200
Different than province or territory of residence	2,050	980	1,075	120	55	70
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,260	3,740	4,520	35	20	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	935	455	480	15	10	10
Philippines	640	175	465	0	0	0
India	515	240	275	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	840	460	380	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	920	410	515	0	0	0
France	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other	4,375	1,990	2,390	15	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	45,575	21,600	23,975	835	405	430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,360	7,170	7,190	425	190	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,215	14,435	16,785	405	215	195
Location of study inside Canada	24,615	11,510	13,100	390	205	185
Same as province or territory of residence	23,010	10,755	12,260	300	160	140
Different than province or territory of residence	1,600	755	845	90	45	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,600	2,920	3,685	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	755	360	395	0	0	0
Philippines	570	150	420	0	0	0
India	435	190	235	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	405	220	185	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	835	365	465	0	0	0
France	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other	3,575	1,620	1,960	15	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	67,905	32,335	35,575	1,265	645	625
In the labour force	48,105	24,290	23,815	735	375	360
Employed	44,945	22,725	22,220	650	330	315
Unemployed	3,160	1,565	1,600	85	45	40
Not in the labour force	19,800	8,045	11,755	530	270	265
Participation rate	70.8	75.1	66.9	58.1	58.1	57.6
Employment rate	66.2	70.3	62.5	51.4	51.2	50.4
Unemployment rate	6.6	6.4	6.7	11.6	12.0	11.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	67,905	32,335	35,575	1,270	645	620
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	18,375	7,500	10,875	490	270	225
Worked	49,530	24,830	24,700	780	375	395
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,570	14,810	11,755	315	170	140
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	22,960	10,020	12,940	465	205	260
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.7	42.2	39.5	40.8	38.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	48,100	24,285	23,820	735	375	360
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	915	435	480	30	20	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	47,185	23,855	23,335	700	355	350
Employee	41,430	20,230	21,200	665	325	340
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,760	3,620	2,140	40	30	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	48,105	24,285	23,815	730	375	360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	915	435	480	30	20	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	47,190	23,855	23,335	705	355	350
0 Management occupations	6,155	3,640	2,520	60	45	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,985	2,320	5,665	85	10	75
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,925	3,035	890	15	0	10
3 Health occupations	2,360	465	1,895	65	10	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,450	1,530	3,930	80	25	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,680	700	980	15	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	11,555	5,200	6,350	150	40	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,335	5,040	295	155	140	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	650	515	135	50	50	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,090	1,415	680	30	25	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	48,105	24,290	23,815	735	375	360
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	915	435	475	25	20	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	47,185	23,855	23,335	705	355	350
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	180	95	85	55	45	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	55	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	295	205	95	10	10	0
23 Construction	3,485	3,085	405	55	40	10
31-33 Manufacturing	4,605	3,130	1,475	25	20	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,155	1,340	815	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,870	2,610	3,270	95	45	55
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,445	1,055	395	75	60	15
51 Information and cultural industries	1,280	755	525	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,060	1,345	1,720	15	0	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	995	455	540	15	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,675	2,545	2,130	20	10	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	100	40	60	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,180	1,260	920	15	0	10
61 Educational services	4,010	1,075	2,940	75	20	55
62 Health care and social assistance	4,285	685	3,605	90	0	85
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,080	640	440	15	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,060	1,475	1,590	50	25	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,900	825	1,080	30	20	10
91 Public administration	2,445	1,190	1,255	55	35	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	44,945	22,725	22,220	645	330	315
Worked at home	3,920	1,865	2,050	20	10	10
Worked outside Canada	190	135	60	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	5,145	3,690	1,455	110	95	15
Worked at usual place	35,690	17,035	18,655	510	215	295
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	35,690	17,030	18,660	510	220	295
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,225	4,730	7,490	430	165	265
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,205	6,335	6,870	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,210	5,935	4,275	75	50	25
Commute to a different province or territory	55	25	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	40,830	20,720	20,115	625	315	310
Car, truck, van - as a driver	31,965	16,795	15,170	510	260	255
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,835	1,110	1,725	35	15	20
Public transit	3,715	1,695	2,020	0	0	0
Walked	1,760	765	995	70	35	35
Bicycle	185	155	30	0	0	0
Other method	370	195	175	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	40,835	20,725	20,115	625	315	310
Less than 15 minutes	10,895	4,360	6,535	465	220	250
15 to 29 minutes	9,320	4,050	5,265	90	45	45
30 to 44 minutes	7,340	4,350	2,985	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	5,370	3,210	2,165	25	20	10
60 minutes and over	7,910	4,750	3,155	30	20	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	40,835	20,720	20,110	625	315	310
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,095	2,320	775	60	45	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,860	4,865	2,995	80	50	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,705	4,995	5,710	205	100	100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,020	3,260	4,765	145	45	95
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,000	2,050	2,950	50	15	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,150	3,225	2,925	85	50	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	50,940	25,555	25,385	810	410	400
Single responses	50,210	25,260	24,945	810	410	405
Official languages	49,580	24,980	24,595	810	410	400
English	49,345	24,915	24,430	805	410	400
French	230	60	165	0	0	0
Non-official languages	635	285	350	0	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	635	285	350	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	195	85	105	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	35	65	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	35	65	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	100	35	65	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	375	180	195	0	0	0
Chinese languages	370	180	190	0	0	0
Cantonese	135	55	80	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	235	120	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	730	290	440	0	0	0
English and French	195	55	145	0	0	0
English and non-official language	525	235	290	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	50,940	25,550	25,385	805	410	400
None	48,390	24,405	23,990	800	400	400
English	490	200	290	0	0	0
French	615	200	415	10	10	0
Non-official language	1,400	735	660	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,400	735	665	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	81,950	39,565	42,380	1,480	750	730
Non-movers	73,125	35,370	37,755	1,220	600	615
Movers	8,820	4,195	4,625	260	150	115
Non-migrants	3,780	1,885	1,895	120	60	55
Migrants	5,040	2,310	2,730	145	85	55
Internal migrants	4,545	2,090	2,455	140	90	55
Intraprovincial migrants	4,360	1,985	2,375	105	65	40
Interprovincial migrants	180	100	75	35	20	10
External migrants	495	225	275	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	78,395	37,700	40,695	1,425	725	705
Non-movers	50,025	24,190	25,835	885	455	430
Movers	28,370	13,510	14,865	540	265	270
Non-migrants	11,260	5,425	5,835	265	105	160
Migrants	17,115	8,085	9,025	275	160	115
Internal migrants	14,875	7,075	7,805	260	150	110
Intraprovincial migrants	14,255	6,765	7,490	220	120	100
Interprovincial migrants	620	305	315	40	35	10
External migrants	2,240	1,015	1,220	15	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Newmarket, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lillooet [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newmarket, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lillooet [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Newmarket, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lillooet [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newmarket, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lillooet [Population centre], British Columbia