Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Alberta [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto, C Ontario [Census subdivision]			Alberta [Province]
	Data quality , Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberta [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,731,571	...	...	4,067,175	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,615,060	...	...	3,645,257	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,179,057	...	...	1,654,129	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,112,929	...	...	1,527,678	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,334.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	630.20	...	...	640,330.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,731,575	1,313,590	1,417,985	4,067,175	2,039,410	2,027,765
0 to 14 years	398,135	204,190	193,945	779,155	399,570	379,580
0 to 4 years	136,000	69,895	66,105	266,515	136,520	129,995
5 to 9 years	135,025	69,345	65,680	270,715	138,990	131,725
10 to 14 years	127,105	64,940	62,165	241,920	124,060	117,860
15 to 64 years	1,906,495	925,070	981,420	2,787,805	1,408,150	1,379,655
15 to 19 years	145,525	74,240	71,280	240,035	123,625	116,410
20 to 24 years	194,750	97,415	97,330	261,830	133,990	127,840
25 to 29 years	232,945	113,905	119,035	310,940	156,715	154,225
30 to 34 years	224,580	108,895	115,680	333,175	167,555	165,620
35 to 39 years	196,310	94,065	102,240	305,505	153,655	151,850
40 to 44 years	182,390	86,535	95,860	281,205	142,545	138,660
45 to 49 years	190,925	90,860	100,065	269,030	135,855	133,180
50 to 54 years	202,405	98,735	103,670	284,310	142,205	142,100
55 to 59 years	182,805	88,145	94,655	275,540	138,565	136,970
60 to 64 years	153,865	72,265	81,600	226,230	113,440	112,790
65 years and over	426,945	184,325	242,615	500,215	231,690	268,530
65 to 69 years	130,540	60,360	70,185	173,680	85,500	88,180
70 to 74 years	93,600	42,315	51,285	117,035	56,430	60,610
75 to 79 years	76,160	32,730	43,430	83,955	39,105	44,845
80 to 84 years	60,630	25,670	34,965	62,165	27,590	34,575
85 years and over	66,005	23,245	42,750	63,385	23,065	40,320
85 to 89 years	40,800	15,665	25,135	39,965	16,050	23,915
90 to 94 years	19,680	6,180	13,500	18,025	5,755	12,275
95 to 99 years	4,750	1,275	3,470	4,735	1,145	3,595
100 years and over	770	120	650	650	115	535
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.5	13.7	19.2	19.6	18.7
15 to 64 years	69.8	70.4	69.2	68.5	69.0	68.0
65 years and over	15.6	14.0	17.1	12.3	11.4	13.2
85 years and over	2.4	1.8	3.0	1.6	1.1	2.0
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.7	37.8	37.2	38.4
Median age of the population	39.3	38.0	40.5	36.7	36.2	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Single-detached house	269,675	...	...	946,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	493,280	...	...	62,395	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	349,885	...	...	471,090	...	...
Semi-detached house	71,230	...	...	86,765	...	...
Row house	61,630	...	...	116,625	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	48,540	...	...	43,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	165,625	...	...	223,360	...	...
Other single-attached house	2,860	...	...	1,245	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	95	...	...	47,970	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
1 person	359,955	...	...	366,080	...	...
2 persons	333,425	...	...	524,415	...	...
3 persons	175,720	...	...	245,075	...	...
4 persons	146,580	...	...	233,770	...	...
5 or more persons	97,245	...	...	158,335	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,691,665	...	...	3,978,145	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,333,435	1,109,400	1,224,035	3,288,020	1,639,835	1,648,185
Married or living common law	1,181,360	592,560	588,805	1,969,300	988,410	980,895
Married	1,011,190	505,025	506,165	1,648,945	828,155	820,790
Living common law	170,175	87,535	82,640	320,350	160,250	160,100
Not married and not living common law	1,152,075	516,840	635,240	1,318,720	651,430	667,290
Never married	806,265	410,975	395,295	905,700	505,310	400,390
Separated	68,715	27,570	41,145	76,150	34,000	42,150
Divorced	152,000	55,490	96,515	195,850	82,040	113,815
Widowed	125,095	22,810	102,285	141,020	30,080	110,940
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	718,750	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
2 persons	344,110	...	...	540,850	...	...
3 persons	174,600	...	...	235,245	...	...
4 persons	143,250	...	...	227,165	...	...
5 or more persons	56,795	...	...	111,330	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	718,755	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
Total couple families	566,155	...	...	953,325	...	...
Married couples	481,125	...	...	793,195	...	...
Common-law couples	85,030	...	...	160,130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	152,595	...	...	161,260	...	...
Female parent	128,550	...	...	123,490	...	...
Male parent	24,050	...	...	37,770	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	566,155	...	...	953,325	...	...
Couples without children	250,085	...	...	443,665	...	...
Couples with children	316,075	...	...	509,655	...	...
1 child	133,440	...	...	190,010	...	...
2 children	130,765	...	...	213,910	...	...
3 or more children	51,865	...	...	105,735	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	152,600	...	...	161,260	...	...
1 child	94,025	...	...	97,180	...	...
2 children	41,160	...	...	45,235	...	...
3 or more children	17,415	...	...	18,845	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	602,855	277,825	325,035	678,535	356,875	321,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One-census-family households	653,360	...	...	1,039,985	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	226,080	...	...	414,570	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	427,280	...	...	625,415	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	31,600	...	...	36,120	...	...
Non-census-family households	427,970	...	...	451,570	...	...
One-person households	359,960	...	...	366,080	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	68,015	...	...	85,490	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,510	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English only	2,323,235	1,139,585	1,183,655	3,698,765	1,869,670	1,829,095
French only	2,725	1,140	1,585	3,895	1,725	2,165
English and French	245,695	107,985	137,705	264,720	124,400	140,315
Neither English nor French	132,765	53,195	79,570	59,280	24,715	34,565
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English	2,508,815	1,219,600	1,289,220	3,880,685	1,950,980	1,929,705
French	39,795	18,805	20,995	71,535	37,205	34,330
English and French	24,865	11,205	13,660	16,605	8,350	8,255
Neither English nor French	130,940	52,295	78,640	57,830	23,970	33,860
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	52,230	24,405	27,820	79,840	41,380	38,455
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.9	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
Single responses	2,598,230	1,251,220	1,347,010	3,934,580	1,975,615	1,958,970
Official languages	1,411,345	697,965	713,380	3,063,640	1,552,475	1,511,165
English	1,375,900	681,120	694,780	2,991,485	1,515,025	1,476,460
French	35,440	16,845	18,595	72,150	37,450	34,705
Non-official languages	1,186,885	553,255	633,635	870,940	423,140	447,805
Aboriginal languages	425	185	235	23,835	11,290	12,550
Algonquian languages	315	140	175	18,295	8,665	9,630
Blackfoot	0	5	0	2,750	1,305	1,445
Cree-Montagnais languages	90	35	55	14,960	7,105	7,850
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	10	0	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	5	0	50	15	35
Plains Cree	10	0	5	720	280	435
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	5	15	50	20	35
Woods Cree	5	5	0	910	430	480
Cree, n.o.s.	45	15	30	13,220	6,355	6,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	35	20	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	195	95	105	550	235	315
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway	175	85	90	525	230	300
Oji-Cree	5	5	5	15	5	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	5
Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	1,865	865	1,000
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	5	1,855	860	990
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	35	15	15
Carrier	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chilcotin	5	0	5	5	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	1,470	710	760
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	70	20	45
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	200	90	115
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	5	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	155	70	80
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	25
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	0	20	120	35	85
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	5	10
Inuktitut	15	0	20	60	20	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	30
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	10	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	5	5	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Michif	5	0	5	80	45	35
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	5	0	0	3,370	1,630	1,745
Dakota	0	5	0	350	165	185
Stoney	0	0	0	3,020	1,460	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	5	0	10	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	55	30	25	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,186,465	553,070	633,395	847,105	411,850	435,255
Afro-Asiatic languages	65,540	32,330	33,205	68,415	36,215	32,200
Berber languages	135	80	55	340	190	145
Kabyle	60	30	25	165	90	75
Berber languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30	175	100	75
Cushitic languages	12,355	5,300	7,050	12,525	6,495	6,030
Bilen	75	45	30	315	185	130
Oromo	860	420	435	2,650	1,375	1,275
Somali	11,375	4,810	6,565	9,520	4,915	4,605
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	40	20	20
Semitic languages	52,845	26,840	26,010	55,425	29,450	25,980
Amharic	6,425	2,880	3,550	7,320	3,605	3,720
Arabic	29,825	15,745	14,075	40,540	21,840	18,705
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	4,840	2,360	2,480	400	210	190
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	700	360	335	145	80	65
Harari	755	350	405	260	135	120
Hebrew	4,350	2,345	2,005	960	505	460
Maltese	1,430	715	710	75	30	40
Tigrigna	4,150	1,890	2,260	5,415	2,880	2,535
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	380	190	190	305	155	145
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	200	115	90	130	80	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	26,165	11,860	14,305	25,295	11,760	13,535
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,365	595	770	1,925	910	1,010
Vietnamese	24,775	11,255	13,520	23,350	10,840	12,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	20	10	15	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	99,750	39,030	60,725	115,405	50,190	65,210
Bikol	320	135	185	425	205	225
Cebuano	3,390	1,335	2,055	5,135	2,155	2,980
Fijian	25	15	10	125	75	50
Hiligaynon	1,695	665	1,040	1,500	640	855
Ilocano	7,135	2,765	4,375	5,350	2,310	3,040
Malagasy	20	10	10	35	10	25
Malay	1,930	880	1,050	1,460	615	845
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	720	310	410	765	370	390
Pangasinan	320	125	200	290	115	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	83,230	32,445	50,785	99,035	43,120	55,920
Waray-Waray	210	60	150	305	145	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	755	290	465	980	430	550
Creole languages	3,015	1,350	1,660	1,895	990	910
Haitian Creole	165	75	85	95	45	50
Creole, n.o.s.	1,825	815	1,010	1,175	640	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,020	460	560	625	305	325
Dravidian languages	67,055	33,175	33,880	13,490	7,075	6,415
Kannada	730	380	350	535	270	265
Malayalam	4,560	2,460	2,100	6,345	3,285	3,060
Tamil	57,535	27,935	29,600	4,430	2,360	2,070
Telugu	4,125	2,355	1,775	2,130	1,135	995
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	50	25	25
Hmong-Mien languages	20	5	10	105	55	45
Indo-European languages	589,410	282,355	307,055	442,685	220,330	222,355
Albanian	8,495	4,225	4,270	2,345	1,270	1,075
Armenian	7,845	3,740	4,105	500	250	245
Balto-Slavic languages	120,445	53,650	66,790	80,330	37,750	42,580
Baltic languages	3,490	1,365	2,125	1,010	475	535
Latvian	1,610	645	965	415	195	220
Lithuanian	1,880	725	1,160	600	285	315
Slavic languages	116,955	52,290	64,665	79,325	37,275	42,050
Belarusan	195	95	100	65	30	30
Bosnian	1,105	525	580	1,835	915	920
Bulgarian	4,345	2,075	2,270	1,545	790	755
Croatian	5,570	2,535	3,035	4,655	2,340	2,320
Czech	2,860	1,345	1,515	3,000	1,430	1,575
Macedonian	6,190	2,920	3,270	360	185	175
Polish	25,060	10,845	14,215	20,130	9,425	10,705
Russian	36,145	15,805	20,345	17,810	8,150	9,665
Serbian	13,380	6,450	6,930	4,020	2,035	1,985
Serbo-Croatian	1,470	670	800	970	480	485
Slovak	3,095	1,455	1,645	2,185	1,070	1,115
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,785	750	1,035	695	320	370
Ukrainian	15,465	6,685	8,785	21,835	9,985	11,850
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	280	140	140	215	120	100
Celtic languages	275	125	145	370	200	170
Scottish Gaelic	80	35	40	135	70	65
Welsh	85	30	55	175	85	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	45	65	40	25
Germanic languages	22,310	10,095	12,215	104,260	51,525	52,735
Afrikaans	405	210	190	3,010	1,475	1,535
Danish	665	285	380	2,380	1,245	1,135
Dutch	3,180	1,535	1,645	16,135	8,095	8,045
Frisian	40	25	15	360	200	160
German	14,515	6,440	8,075	80,050	39,435	40,615
Icelandic	65	35	30	115	55	60
Norwegian	230	105	130	815	370	445
Swedish	700	305	395	875	405	470
Vlaams (Flemish)	130	50	80	320	150	170
Yiddish	2,350	1,095	1,255	140	70	70
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	55	30	25
Greek	27,840	13,415	14,425	3,130	1,655	1,475
Indo-Iranian languages	194,760	99,110	95,650	166,805	85,250	81,560
Indo-Aryan languages	138,625	70,700	67,930	145,900	74,320	71,580
Bengali	28,460	14,365	14,090	7,000	3,630	3,370
Gujarati	26,400	13,520	12,880	13,140	6,785	6,355
Hindi	15,230	7,960	7,270	17,055	8,675	8,385
Kashmiri	80	45	40	105	60	50
Konkani	745	355	390	370	190	185
Marathi	1,760	925	835	1,510	775	730
Nepali	2,540	1,290	1,245	5,175	2,690	2,490
Oriya (Odia)	300	165	135	190	100	90
Punjabi (Panjabi)	19,965	10,380	9,590	68,695	34,935	33,760
Sindhi	2,440	1,080	1,355	2,770	1,300	1,475
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,280	1,605	1,675	2,590	1,320	1,265
Urdu	37,420	19,005	18,420	27,295	13,865	13,430
Iranian languages	55,190	27,895	27,295	19,600	10,235	9,365
Kurdish	1,650	930	720	1,550	845	705
Pashto	4,355	2,285	2,070	2,560	1,320	1,235
Persian (Farsi)	49,185	24,680	24,510	15,490	8,070	7,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	945	520	425	1,310	695	615
Italic (Romance) languages	207,445	97,980	109,465	84,940	42,425	42,515
Catalan	125	70	55	75	30	45
Italian	62,640	29,050	33,590	11,375	5,760	5,615
Portuguese	59,355	28,540	30,820	9,050	4,380	4,670
Romanian	12,335	5,630	6,705	8,035	4,080	3,955
Spanish	72,850	34,635	38,215	56,370	28,160	28,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	135	60	75	35	20	15
Japanese	7,015	2,405	4,610	4,875	1,715	3,160
Kartvelian languages	870	465	400	230	130	105
Georgian	870	465	400	230	130	100
Korean	33,665	15,155	18,505	17,920	8,485	9,435
Mongolic languages	290	130	165	545	255	290
Mongolian	295	130	160	540	255	290
Niger-Congo languages	13,780	6,455	7,325	15,360	7,870	7,495
Akan (Twi)	4,340	1,970	2,375	1,755	915	835
Bamanankan	45	25	20	35	20	15
Edo	670	260	410	275	155	120
Ewe	175	90	80	245	145	100
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	165	85	75	230	120	100
Ga	200	90	115	145	80	65
Ganda	375	180	200	280	145	135
Igbo	740	385	355	1,165	625	540
Lingala	285	135	150	270	130	140
Rundi (Kirundi)	270	130	135	605	305	295
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	285	135	150	805	405	400
Shona	395	185	205	1,100	545	555
Swahili	2,230	1,050	1,185	2,380	1,160	1,215
Wolof	115	65	50	280	165	110
Yoruba	1,580	820	760	2,435	1,305	1,125
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,905	845	1,055	3,370	1,640	1,735
Nilo-Saharan languages	235	125	105	2,720	1,395	1,330
Dinka	40	20	15	1,345	705	640
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	200	105	90	1,375	685	690
Sign languages	565	320	245	830	440	390
American Sign Language	210	120	90	335	165	165
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	350	200	150	495	275	225
Sino-Tibetan languages	250,960	114,630	136,330	122,450	57,740	64,705
Chinese languages	245,285	111,855	133,430	120,375	56,675	63,700
Cantonese	114,670	52,085	62,585	59,145	27,755	31,385
Hakka	2,855	1,225	1,635	990	465	530
Mandarin	111,405	51,120	60,280	50,660	23,940	26,720
Min Dong	450	220	225	115	50	65
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	6,120	2,820	3,300	3,060	1,375	1,695
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,665	1,200	1,470	630	305	330
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,015	3,135	3,880	5,725	2,770	2,955
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	50	55	40	15	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	5,670	2,775	2,895	2,075	1,065	1,005
Burmese	610	270	335	430	230	200
Karenic languages	255	125	135	795	415	380
Tibetan	4,590	2,275	2,320	575	295	275
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	215	110	105	275	130	140
Tai-Kadai languages	1,720	690	1,030	2,670	955	1,710
Lao	710	365	340	1,020	485	535
Thai	1,005	320	685	1,630	465	1,165
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	20	10	15
Turkic languages	10,680	5,610	5,065	4,050	2,250	1,800
Azerbaijani	915	490	420	365	215	155
Turkish	8,835	4,670	4,165	3,140	1,760	1,375
Uyghur	240	120	125	130	70	60
Uzbek	440	225	210	205	115	90
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	250	110	140	215	95	120
Uralic languages	15,145	6,655	8,485	7,470	3,600	3,870
Estonian	1,940	770	1,170	190	90	105
Finnish	1,315	500	825	810	330	480
Hungarian	11,885	5,385	6,500	6,470	3,185	3,285
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	585	310	280	690	415	280
Multiple responses	106,190	50,685	55,500	92,070	44,900	47,175
English and French	7,550	3,520	4,030	10,230	4,950	5,280
English and non-official language	92,620	44,395	48,230	77,520	37,815	39,705
French and non-official language	3,300	1,515	1,785	2,685	1,375	1,305
English, French and non-official language	2,715	1,255	1,460	1,640	760	880
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,704,415	1,301,900	1,402,510	4,026,655	2,020,510	2,006,145
Single responses	2,458,470	1,185,800	1,272,670	3,837,615	1,928,230	1,909,385
Official languages	1,756,685	858,655	898,030	3,354,885	1,690,490	1,664,395
English	1,739,625	850,750	888,875	3,327,255	1,676,360	1,650,895
French	17,065	7,910	9,155	27,630	14,130	13,500
Non-official languages	701,785	327,145	374,640	482,725	237,740	244,990
Aboriginal languages	110	55	55	9,970	4,940	5,020
Algonquian languages	55	30	25	7,175	3,575	3,605
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,110	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	5,875	2,925	2,945
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	125	60	60
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	600	300	295
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	5,120	2,540	2,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	20	15	190	95	95
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	10	185	90	95
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	620	320	300
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	620	325	300
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	5	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	0	540	280	260
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	5	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,125	1,025	1,095
Dakota	0	0	0	175	85	85
Stoney	0	0	0	1,945	935	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	40	20	20	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	701,675	327,090	374,590	472,760	232,800	239,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	36,560	17,185	19,375	43,770	22,535	21,235
Berber languages	40	20	20	200	105	95
Kabyle	20	10	10	90	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	105	60	45
Cushitic languages	7,495	3,140	4,350	9,220	4,750	4,470
Bilen	40	20	25	280	160	115
Oromo	495	230	265	2,075	1,060	1,015
Somali	6,930	2,880	4,050	6,850	3,520	3,325
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	15	5	10
Semitic languages	28,920	13,970	14,955	34,310	17,660	16,655
Amharic	3,425	1,500	1,925	4,915	2,390	2,530
Arabic	16,485	8,210	8,280	24,230	12,555	11,675
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	3,620	1,755	1,860	260	130	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	480	240	240	95	50	40
Harari	450	200	250	165	80	85
Hebrew	1,610	805	810	460	235	225
Maltese	430	200	230	15	10	10
Tigrigna	2,250	985	1,270	3,955	2,095	1,860
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	170	85	90	210	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	110	55	50	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,760	8,020	9,740	16,355	7,635	8,715
Khmer (Cambodian)	725	305	425	960	460	500
Vietnamese	17,020	7,710	9,305	15,380	7,175	8,205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	48,375	20,215	28,165	60,860	28,765	32,100
Bikol	75	30	40	70	40	35
Cebuano	1,320	560	760	2,110	1,015	1,090
Fijian	5	5	0	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	615	265	355	470	215	255
Ilocano	2,695	1,150	1,545	1,975	935	1,035
Malagasy	5	0	0	20	10	10
Malay	575	270	300	405	205	195
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	215	90	120	220	110	110
Pangasinan	60	30	30	45	20	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	42,520	17,680	24,835	55,105	26,005	29,100
Waray-Waray	60	20	40	125	60	60
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	230	105	130	280	120	155
Creole languages	1,530	665	865	970	495	475
Haitian Creole	110	50	60	50	25	25
Creole, n.o.s.	1,015	430	580	655	345	310
Creole languages, n.i.e.	405	175	225	270	125	140
Dravidian languages	47,065	22,840	24,225	8,460	4,335	4,125
Kannada	290	155	135	210	105	105
Malayalam	2,460	1,315	1,140	4,060	2,070	1,990
Tamil	42,015	20,085	21,930	2,915	1,515	1,395
Telugu	2,270	1,270	1,000	1,245	635	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	30	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	70	35	35
Indo-European languages	317,075	150,570	166,505	230,270	115,280	114,995
Albanian	4,110	2,070	2,045	1,060	570	485
Armenian	5,170	2,430	2,740	215	115	105
Balto-Slavic languages	61,615	28,155	33,460	30,220	14,820	15,400
Baltic languages	1,080	430	655	410	210	200
Latvian	465	180	285	165	85	80
Lithuanian	615	250	370	250	125	120
Slavic languages	60,530	27,725	32,805	29,815	14,610	15,205
Belarusan	70	35	40	15	10	5
Bosnian	500	240	260	785	400	385
Bulgarian	2,450	1,185	1,260	825	415	405
Croatian	2,040	945	1,095	1,800	905	895
Czech	850	410	440	875	440	430
Macedonian	2,730	1,285	1,440	175	90	85
Polish	10,610	4,730	5,875	7,705	3,675	4,030
Russian	23,075	10,420	12,655	10,145	4,965	5,175
Serbian	8,020	3,865	4,155	2,100	1,045	1,055
Serbo-Croatian	585	280	305	315	160	155
Slovak	1,615	795	820	710	345	365
Slovene (Slovenian)	490	200	295	150	70	75
Ukrainian	7,425	3,300	4,125	4,180	2,060	2,110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	70	25	40	55	30	25
Celtic languages	40	25	15	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	15	15	5
Welsh	10	5	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	10	5	0
Germanic languages	2,895	1,325	1,575	40,915	20,280	20,625
Afrikaans	90	45	45	1,705	835	875
Danish	80	35	45	150	75	75
Dutch	285	140	150	1,980	985	1,000
Frisian	0	0	0	60	30	30
German	1,955	875	1,080	36,295	18,010	18,290
Icelandic	15	5	10	30	15	15
Norwegian	35	15	15	60	20	35
Swedish	130	50	75	145	65	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	60	30	25
Yiddish	290	145	145	15	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	425	215	210
Greek	13,000	6,065	6,935	1,015	490	525
Indo-Iranian languages	122,130	60,785	61,340	111,975	56,535	55,445
Indo-Aryan languages	84,470	42,405	42,060	98,610	49,790	48,815
Bengali	18,935	9,390	9,545	4,530	2,300	2,225
Gujarati	16,525	8,290	8,235	8,025	4,085	3,935
Hindi	7,850	4,060	3,785	9,945	5,115	4,825
Kashmiri	10	5	5	50	20	25
Konkani	160	80	80	75	40	40
Marathi	775	405	370	845	440	405
Nepali	1,705	870	830	3,710	1,905	1,805
Oriya (Odia)	140	70	75	95	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,075	6,210	5,870	51,010	25,720	25,295
Sindhi	1,130	495	635	1,240	575	665
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,545	765	785	1,480	750	730
Urdu	23,625	11,775	11,850	17,600	8,795	8,810
Iranian languages	37,275	18,170	19,105	12,720	6,415	6,305
Kurdish	905	490	415	850	440	410
Pashto	2,995	1,525	1,465	1,640	845	795
Persian (Farsi)	33,375	16,150	17,225	10,230	5,135	5,100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	385	210	175	650	325	325
Italic (Romance) languages	108,115	49,715	58,400	44,830	22,445	22,385
Catalan	65	30	35	35	10	20
Italian	27,130	11,365	15,770	2,840	1,275	1,560
Portuguese	33,425	16,090	17,340	3,905	1,875	2,030
Romanian	5,910	2,705	3,210	4,135	2,115	2,020
Spanish	41,530	19,510	22,025	33,910	17,160	16,755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	10	5	5
Japanese	3,295	1,380	1,915	2,245	945	1,300
Kartvelian languages	635	345	295	160	85	70
Georgian	635	345	295	160	85	70
Korean	23,625	10,830	12,795	12,775	6,205	6,570
Mongolic languages	175	85	90	335	160	175
Mongolian	175	85	90	335	155	175
Niger-Congo languages	5,675	2,540	3,135	5,600	2,725	2,875
Akan (Twi)	2,320	1,000	1,325	845	415	430
Bamanankan	15	10	10	10	10	0
Edo	220	85	125	70	35	35
Ewe	40	10	30	80	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	25	35	105	55	45
Ga	80	30	50	40	20	20
Ganda	110	50	65	95	50	50
Igbo	250	130	120	265	125	145
Lingala	75	30	45	85	35	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	110	55	55	280	135	145
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	85	35	45	350	175	170
Shona	125	55	70	410	190	225
Swahili	995	440	555	1,090	530	565
Wolof	60	35	25	170	95	75
Yoruba	560	295	265	690	340	350
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	570	250	315	1,015	485	535
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	35	25	1,525	765	755
Dinka	10	10	5	800	420	380
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	725	350	375
Sign languages	885	520	365	1,095	630	465
American Sign Language	315	170	140	325	170	155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	570	345	220	765	455	310
Sino-Tibetan languages	185,430	85,370	100,055	82,380	39,230	43,155
Chinese languages	181,255	83,310	97,945	80,880	38,455	42,420
Cantonese	83,405	37,430	45,980	38,275	17,810	20,460
Hakka	1,250	550	695	315	135	185
Mandarin	87,760	41,290	46,470	37,125	18,030	19,095
Min Dong	155	70	85	20	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,805	1,285	1,515	1,245	540	705
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,470	680	795	340	175	165
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,350	1,975	2,375	3,550	1,760	1,785
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,175	2,060	2,110	1,500	770	730
Burmese	365	160	205	280	145	130
Karenic languages	205	105	105	665	340	320
Tibetan	3,525	1,750	1,775	420	220	200
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	140	65	75
Tai-Kadai languages	710	330	385	1,130	505	625
Lao	315	155	160	465	215	245
Thai	390	175	220	655	285	370
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	10	5	10
Turkic languages	6,340	3,205	3,135	2,390	1,270	1,120
Azerbaijani	365	185	180	155	90	75
Turkish	5,495	2,770	2,725	1,945	1,030	915
Uyghur	130	70	65	80	45	40
Uzbek	260	135	125	135	70	65
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	45	70	35	25
Uralic languages	6,255	2,835	3,420	2,130	1,040	1,085
Estonian	530	185	345	25	10	15
Finnish	260	105	155	105	50	50
Hungarian	5,460	2,540	2,920	1,995	980	1,015
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	215	115	100	240	140	95
Multiple responses	245,950	116,105	129,845	189,040	92,280	96,760
English and French	6,510	3,010	3,495	6,885	3,410	3,475
English and non-official language	233,300	110,350	122,950	178,070	86,895	91,170
French and non-official language	1,355	595	755	1,125	540	580
English, French and non-official language	4,780	2,145	2,640	2,965	1,430	1,530
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
None	2,057,585	995,080	1,062,505	3,492,295	1,760,240	1,732,055
English	271,530	130,775	140,750	221,305	110,655	110,650
French	27,445	12,360	15,080	41,840	19,470	22,375
Non-official language	335,090	157,715	177,375	262,255	125,640	136,615
Aboriginal	385	165	220	17,430	8,325	9,105
Non-Aboriginal	334,705	157,550	177,155	244,825	117,315	127,510
English and French	1,835	875	965	1,535	775	760
English and non-official language	6,420	3,075	3,340	4,545	2,345	2,195
French and non-official language	4,365	1,950	2,425	2,795	1,340	1,455
English, French and non-official language	140	65	80	85	50	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115	3,053,470	1,528,275	1,525,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,089	33,456	27,576	42,717	54,891	33,213
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,187,340	1,042,005	1,145,335	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,958	30,661	25,918	38,067	47,131	30,478
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,888,445	918,925	969,520	2,839,590	1,458,560	1,381,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,733	36,010	28,105	42,330	54,528	32,099
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,598,435	709,590	888,850	1,785,065	711,210	1,073,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,249	1,115	3,956	4,093	3,834	4,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,578,750	791,520	787,230	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,030
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,602	37,149	30,393	42,679	54,361	32,982
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,187,225	1,041,920	1,145,300	3,054,555	1,528,100	1,526,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,268	62,667	42,807	62,778	80,001	45,535
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,187,505	1,042,020	1,145,485	3,055,230	1,528,240	1,526,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,462	48,059	35,461	50,683	62,938	38,417
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,889,205	918,700	970,505	2,840,675	1,458,210	1,382,465
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,901	66,647	43,781	62,997	80,282	44,766
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,598,725	710,015	888,710	1,784,345	710,105	1,074,240
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,631	5,725	7,355	7,175	7,298	7,093
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,578,755	791,435	787,310	2,473,665	1,299,805	1,173,855
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,032	64,206	43,805	59,343	74,073	43,031
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	726,575	392,990	333,590	1,152,385	669,770	482,615
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	55,246	58,626	52,090	64,090	73,781	53,836
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	78,643	89,498	65,856	81,586	94,822	63,218
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.6	93.6	86.7	93.3	95.8	89.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	74.4	77.7	70.1	76.5	78.9	72.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.4	6.4	13.3	6.7	4.2	10.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without total income	107,760	50,750	57,005	152,585	74,410	78,170
With total income	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115	3,053,470	1,528,280	1,525,190
Percentage with total income	95.3	95.4	95.3	95.2	95.4	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	389,430	182,885	206,545	389,580	146,450	243,130
$10,000 to $19,999	410,355	175,800	234,555	385,235	147,125	238,110
$20,000 to $29,999	291,150	125,720	165,430	364,915	142,810	222,105
$30,000 to $39,999	221,475	100,395	121,085	305,680	131,185	174,490
$40,000 to $49,999	187,235	87,700	99,535	286,615	133,715	152,900
$50,000 to $59,999	145,500	70,185	75,315	247,830	124,720	123,115
$60,000 to $69,999	114,465	57,710	56,750	205,840	114,405	91,430
$70,000 to $79,999	89,650	46,940	42,705	165,640	99,645	65,995
$80,000 to $89,999	69,990	37,355	32,630	132,720	82,700	50,020
$90,000 to $99,999	58,210	30,005	28,210	114,010	70,655	43,350
$100,000 and over	209,575	127,215	82,360	455,410	334,865	120,550
$100,000 to $149,999	119,810	68,240	51,570	274,185	191,710	82,475
$150,000 and over	89,770	58,975	30,795	181,225	143,150	38,075
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,365
Without after-tax income	107,450	50,660	56,795	151,915	74,270	77,645
With after-tax income	2,187,335	1,042,005	1,145,330	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.4	95.3	95.3	95.4	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	395,780	185,315	210,465	399,005	149,280	249,725
$10,000 to $19,999	425,580	183,045	242,535	402,780	154,330	248,450
$20,000 to $29,999	330,405	144,300	186,110	420,955	166,650	254,300
$30,000 to $39,999	261,430	120,825	140,610	377,590	169,665	207,925
$40,000 to $49,999	213,815	101,645	112,175	347,960	172,595	175,365
$50,000 to $59,999	154,925	77,550	77,375	276,970	153,985	122,985
$60,000 to $69,999	112,490	59,255	53,235	208,265	127,045	81,220
$70,000 to $79,999	84,300	44,490	39,810	160,580	100,970	59,610
$80,000 and over	208,615	125,585	83,025	460,030	333,895	126,140
$80,000 to $89,999	57,270	30,705	26,570	121,015	78,400	42,620
$90,000 to $99,999	34,660	20,035	14,630	82,020	57,375	24,645
$100,000 and over	116,680	74,845	41,830	257,000	198,120	58,875
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,120	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without employment income	716,035	301,145	414,895	732,385	301,060	431,330
With employment income	1,578,750	791,520	787,235	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,035
Percentage with employment income	68.8	72.4	65.5	77.2	81.2	73.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	201,230	94,895	106,335	273,835	122,830	151,005
$5,000 to $9,999	132,320	61,255	71,065	164,095	68,100	95,990
$10,000 to $19,999	219,860	103,510	116,355	274,105	113,680	160,430
$20,000 to $29,999	176,835	81,220	95,615	235,620	96,855	138,760
$30,000 to $39,999	157,110	75,225	81,890	227,450	100,650	126,805
$40,000 to $49,999	141,850	68,405	73,445	219,155	103,680	115,475
$50,000 to $59,999	113,285	57,240	56,045	195,145	99,285	95,860
$60,000 to $69,999	90,310	47,130	43,180	163,465	92,950	70,515
$70,000 to $79,999	72,185	39,215	32,975	135,150	83,240	51,910
$80,000 and over	273,755	163,430	110,330	585,640	420,365	165,280
$80,000 to $89,999	57,580	31,675	25,910	111,045	71,210	39,835
$90,000 to $99,999	50,845	26,260	24,580	99,785	62,305	37,480
$100,000 and over	165,330	105,490	59,840	374,815	286,855	87,960
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,829	...	...	93,835	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,264	...	...	80,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	359,960	...	...	366,080	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,018	...	...	47,948	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,172	...	...	41,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	752,970	...	...	1,161,600	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,908	...	...	111,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,695	...	...	94,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,721	...	...	125,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,495	...	...	101,361	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	359,985	...	...	365,000	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,409	...	...	64,341	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,276	...	...	52,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	752,940	...	...	1,162,675	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,340	...	...	144,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,289	...	...	116,821	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	33,190	...	...	21,660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	23,455	...	...	13,555	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	36,550	...	...	18,070	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	54,025	...	...	33,045	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	47,315	...	...	51,505	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	47,500	...	...	38,615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	46,945	...	...	42,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,115	...	...	46,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,290	...	...	46,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	44,650	...	...	46,825	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	84,180	...	...	95,425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	76,120	...	...	95,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	68,190	...	...	92,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60,400	...	...	88,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	53,485	...	...	84,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	343,520	...	...	712,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100,810	...	...	184,595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	68,300	...	...	142,910	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	77,810	...	...	181,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	96,600	...	...	202,745	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	34,790	...	...	23,395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	23,615	...	...	13,860	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	37,085	...	...	18,600	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55,930	...	...	34,540	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	51,915	...	...	55,010	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,205	...	...	44,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	53,515	...	...	50,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55,545	...	...	55,645	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55,765	...	...	57,695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	53,385	...	...	59,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	98,910	...	...	119,200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	86,755	...	...	116,250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75,120	...	...	112,675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	63,360	...	...	106,235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	51,570	...	...	95,600	...	...
$100,000 and over	263,465	...	...	565,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	94,025	...	...	192,795	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	58,255	...	...	132,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	111,180	...	...	240,305	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	705,600	...	...	1,099,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,859	...	...	109,997	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,530	...	...	93,588	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	221,155	...	...	407,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,232	...	...	101,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,412	...	...	86,043	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	316,455	...	...	511,375	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,273	...	...	133,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,920	...	...	111,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	138,800	...	...	146,045	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,040	...	...	62,909	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,839	...	...	57,079	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	705,445	...	...	1,101,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,312	...	...	144,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,343	...	...	116,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	221,085	...	...	408,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	127,461	...	...	137,805	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,833	...	...	110,236	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	317,230	...	...	512,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	155,188	...	...	169,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,979	...	...	135,623	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	137,685	...	...	145,115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,494	...	...	80,406	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,981	...	...	68,470	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	518,290	246,070	272,215	577,475	308,835	268,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,059	31,130	31,006	42,598	47,903	37,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,647	28,567	28,713	37,648	41,340	33,785
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	517,005	245,110	271,895	573,385	306,195	267,190
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,407	49,458	45,557	56,856	63,468	49,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	38,513	39,445	37,673	46,559	50,990	41,481
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,650
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,455,315	686,810	768,500	1,527,695	739,210	788,485
In the bottom decile	404,560	195,060	209,500	293,490	143,880	149,605
In the second decile	320,165	146,180	173,980	278,635	128,055	150,575
In the third decile	268,495	125,455	143,040	297,695	142,090	155,605
In the fourth decile	238,680	113,000	125,680	315,570	154,815	160,760
In the fifth decile	223,415	107,115	116,300	342,305	170,375	171,935
In the top half of the distribution	1,236,350	609,425	626,925	2,450,450	1,259,285	1,191,160
In the sixth decile	216,450	103,995	112,460	366,250	183,860	182,390
In the seventh decile	213,325	103,540	109,790	397,275	201,465	195,810
In the eighth decile	219,865	107,815	112,050	443,585	227,385	216,200
In the ninth decile	241,850	119,420	122,425	522,545	268,995	253,555
In the top decile	344,855	174,650	170,200	720,795	377,585	343,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430	3,925,220	1,971,735	1,953,485
0 to 17 years	478,360	245,340	233,020	893,255	458,330	434,925
0 to 5 years	162,510	83,480	79,030	310,080	158,825	151,260
18 to 64 years	1,811,265	874,400	936,860	2,580,730	1,298,440	1,282,295
65 years and over	402,045	176,495	225,550	451,235	214,965	236,265
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	543,385	254,890	288,495	363,890	171,945	191,940
0 to 17 years	125,675	64,485	61,195	114,215	58,665	55,555
0 to 5 years	42,685	21,880	20,805	41,755	21,350	20,400
18 to 64 years	347,775	163,045	184,730	210,870	98,415	112,455
65 years and over	69,935	27,360	42,575	38,800	14,875	23,925
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.2	19.7	20.7	9.3	8.7	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	26.3	26.3	26.3	12.8	12.8	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	26.3	26.2	26.3	13.5	13.4	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	18.6	19.7	8.2	7.6	8.8
65 years and over (%)	17.4	15.5	18.9	8.6	6.9	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	469,325	224,145	245,180	273,515	134,180	139,335
0 to 17 years	98,910	50,725	48,185	76,930	39,385	37,550
0 to 5 years	33,950	17,345	16,605	28,190	14,420	13,770
18 to 64 years	322,620	155,490	167,130	181,805	88,715	93,095
65 years and over	47,800	17,935	29,865	14,780	6,085	8,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.4	17.3	17.6	7.0	6.8	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	20.7	20.7	20.7	8.6	8.6	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	20.9	20.8	21.0	9.1	9.1	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	7.0	6.8	7.3
65 years and over (%)	11.9	10.2	13.2	3.3	2.8	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Official languages	2,559,780	1,243,220	1,316,560	3,920,530	1,974,435	1,946,095
English	2,557,220	1,242,190	1,315,035	3,916,805	1,972,800	1,944,005
French	246,610	107,660	138,950	264,600	123,940	140,660
Non-official languages	1,464,760	689,505	775,255	1,082,425	527,770	554,655
Aboriginal languages	795	325	470	36,465	17,415	19,045
Algonquian languages	660	285	375	29,675	14,120	15,555
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,575	2,665	2,905
Cree-Montagnais languages	135	65	70	23,465	11,155	12,310
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	25	0	15
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	90	20	70
Plains Cree	30	20	10	1,580	620	965
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swampy Cree	25	10	15	45	25	25
Woods Cree	10	10	10	1,135	525	610
Cree, n.o.s.	70	30	35	20,665	9,990	10,675
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	10	35	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	35	15	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	510	215	295	955	425	530
Algonquin	15	10	10	10	10	0
Ojibway	480	205	275	925	415	505
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	20	10	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	10	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	2,640	1,255	1,385
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	2,630	1,250	1,380
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	85	50	35
Carrier	0	0	0	45	10	35
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dene	10	10	0	2,010	975	1,035
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	10	75	30	45
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	285	140	145
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	190	90	100
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	45
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	20	10	15	135	50	80
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	15	10	10	60	20	35
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	40	25	20
Iroquoian languages	50	10	40	40	25	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mohawk	40	10	35	35	25	0
Oneida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	145	75	70
Salish languages	0	10	10	50	25	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	15	10	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,050	2,005	2,045
Dakota	0	0	0	530	285	245
Stoney	10	0	10	3,650	1,790	1,855
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	35	15	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	10	10	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,464,025	689,205	774,820	1,046,245	510,495	535,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	100,730	49,935	50,795	96,210	50,675	45,535
Berber languages	135	75	55	540	335	205
Kabyle	35	15	25	225	125	90
Berber languages, n.i.e.	110	65	45	315	210	110
Cushitic languages	17,250	7,505	9,750	15,445	8,055	7,385
Bilen	65	45	25	370	235	135
Oromo	1,175	495	685	3,125	1,625	1,500
Somali	16,020	6,955	9,065	12,030	6,240	5,795
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	55	20	40
Semitic languages	84,510	42,935	41,580	82,200	43,405	38,800
Amharic	9,560	4,445	5,120	10,870	5,595	5,275
Arabic	47,885	25,005	22,890	62,730	33,365	29,370
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5,930	2,865	3,065	430	225	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	680	335	350	150	70	75
Harari	945	480	465	340	150	185
Hebrew	18,860	9,555	9,315	3,250	1,650	1,600
Maltese	1,860	910	950	145	85	55
Tigrigna	5,150	2,425	2,725	7,315	3,915	3,400
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	465	255	205	450	250	205
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	370	180	185	375	225	145
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,965	15,600	18,360	32,730	15,440	17,290
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,020	850	1,170	2,700	1,375	1,330
Vietnamese	32,165	14,870	17,295	30,150	14,130	16,015
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	128,075	50,505	77,570	145,745	63,615	82,130
Bikol	385	175	210	330	150	180
Cebuano	4,685	1,865	2,830	6,690	2,940	3,750
Fijian	10	0	10	340	195	145
Hiligaynon	1,810	730	1,070	1,760	745	1,020
Ilocano	9,550	3,780	5,770	7,370	3,160	4,215
Malagasy	55	20	35	80	40	40
Malay	3,435	1,585	1,850	3,040	1,435	1,610
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	920	420	505	1,185	565	625
Pangasinan	325	130	190	445	190	250
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	121,155	47,540	73,620	138,440	60,115	78,325
Waray-Waray	220	60	160	420	170	245
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	895	360	535	1,160	505	650
Creole languages	8,845	3,795	5,050	4,585	2,390	2,195
Haitian Creole	455	195	265	255	140	115
Creole, n.o.s.	4,830	2,015	2,825	2,675	1,425	1,250
Creole languages, n.i.e.	3,675	1,625	2,050	1,680	840	850
Dravidian languages	87,340	43,525	43,815	18,190	9,660	8,525
Kannada	1,610	835	775	1,035	520	515
Malayalam	6,705	3,550	3,155	8,150	4,255	3,900
Tamil	74,750	36,615	38,135	7,195	3,900	3,295
Telugu	6,130	3,560	2,575	2,910	1,560	1,345
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	160	75	80	150	80	70
Hmong-Mien languages	15	0	10	115	55	55
Indo-European languages	764,770	369,530	395,235	550,490	274,510	275,980
Albanian	9,905	4,880	5,025	2,880	1,550	1,325
Armenian	9,630	4,560	5,070	530	255	275
Balto-Slavic languages	138,380	62,970	75,405	93,150	44,750	48,395
Baltic languages	3,910	1,540	2,370	1,360	660	705
Latvian	1,765	740	1,025	590	300	290
Lithuanian	2,145	800	1,345	775	360	415
Slavic languages	135,365	61,790	73,575	92,300	44,340	47,960
Belarusan	470	240	225	200	95	105
Bosnian	1,960	930	1,035	2,880	1,450	1,435
Bulgarian	4,860	2,340	2,525	1,795	945	850
Croatian	8,555	4,140	4,415	6,280	3,260	3,025
Czech	3,745	1,795	1,950	3,590	1,650	1,940
Macedonian	8,245	3,855	4,390	535	270	265
Polish	30,970	13,515	17,450	23,650	11,455	12,195
Russian	51,045	23,150	27,890	27,375	13,195	14,175
Serbian	17,025	8,365	8,660	5,355	2,630	2,730
Serbo-Croatian	1,800	850	950	1,095	550	540
Slovak	3,460	1,605	1,855	2,780	1,495	1,285
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,010	890	1,120	735	360	375
Ukrainian	21,020	9,145	11,870	26,600	11,980	14,620
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	335	205	130	250	120	130
Celtic languages	1,355	715	640	1,180	615	560
Scottish Gaelic	395	220	180	440	215	225
Welsh	140	65	80	315	180	130
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	820	440	380	450	220	225
Germanic languages	43,080	20,695	22,385	112,670	56,325	56,345
Afrikaans	1,670	850	820	5,165	2,655	2,515
Danish	1,090	485	605	2,800	1,360	1,440
Dutch	4,755	2,330	2,420	19,480	9,595	9,890
Frisian	75	35	40	475	275	205
German	29,980	14,340	15,640	83,010	41,905	41,105
Icelandic	100	45	55	160	70	95
Norwegian	480	240	240	1,450	635	810
Swedish	1,630	765	865	1,635	800	835
Vlaams (Flemish)	160	65	90	380	170	215
Yiddish	4,685	2,305	2,380	250	130	115
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	2,115	1,095	1,015
Greek	40,170	19,690	20,480	4,935	2,535	2,400
Indo-Iranian languages	254,825	130,405	124,415	206,725	106,045	100,675
Indo-Aryan languages	193,285	99,090	94,190	186,005	95,045	90,960
Bengali	35,635	18,260	17,375	8,530	4,385	4,140
Gujarati	36,180	18,650	17,530	18,005	8,945	9,055
Hindi	65,360	34,355	31,005	61,290	31,900	29,385
Kashmiri	85	40	40	125	80	45
Konkani	1,500	695	810	625	300	320
Marathi	3,230	1,630	1,600	2,575	1,385	1,195
Nepali	3,925	1,945	1,975	5,510	3,000	2,510
Oriya (Odia)	450	220	230	255	135	120
Punjabi (Panjabi)	33,785	17,720	16,060	90,485	46,350	44,135
Sindhi	4,185	1,950	2,235	4,595	2,065	2,530
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	6,860	3,390	3,470	3,800	1,925	1,875
Urdu	57,675	29,285	28,390	41,235	21,245	20,000
Iranian languages	63,765	32,345	31,420	22,140	11,665	10,475
Kurdish	2,080	1,210	870	1,930	1,100	825
Pashto	6,570	3,595	2,975	3,330	1,795	1,530
Persian (Farsi)	57,760	29,105	28,650	17,600	9,220	8,375
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,515	850	665	1,760	960	805
Italic (Romance) languages	290,570	136,505	154,065	142,340	69,885	72,450
Catalan	240	125	115	170	95	80
Italian	91,590	42,755	48,835	19,900	9,875	10,020
Portuguese	75,785	36,510	39,270	12,670	6,255	6,415
Romanian	14,620	6,580	8,045	9,915	5,185	4,735
Spanish	122,195	57,080	65,115	104,445	50,960	53,490
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	440	225	220	250	130	125
Japanese	12,070	5,105	6,960	9,215	4,115	5,100
Kartvelian languages	1,125	575	550	225	130	100
Georgian	1,130	570	550	230	130	100
Korean	37,610	17,455	20,155	19,950	9,405	10,545
Mongolic languages	345	150	195	800	375	430
Mongolian	350	155	195	800	370	430
Niger-Congo languages	26,430	12,495	13,935	29,430	14,980	14,450
Akan (Twi)	7,000	3,215	3,785	2,925	1,505	1,420
Bamanankan	110	75	35	60	30	30
Edo	1,210	500	705	620	325	290
Ewe	265	155	110	335	170	165
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	295	150	145	300	165	135
Ga	475	195	280	345	190	155
Ganda	585	280	305	610	305	305
Igbo	1,480	765	710	2,550	1,345	1,210
Lingala	1,265	540	725	1,240	640	605
Rundi (Kirundi)	400	210	185	830	420	410
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	460	215	250	1,155	605	550
Shona	760	350	410	1,810	850	960
Swahili	6,210	3,000	3,210	6,700	3,470	3,235
Wolof	285	135	150	600	365	235
Yoruba	3,600	1,870	1,730	5,930	3,035	2,890
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,975	1,745	2,230	6,585	3,265	3,320
Nilo-Saharan languages	310	170	140	3,070	1,495	1,575
Dinka	60	35	20	1,655	825	825
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	250	130	120	1,425	675	750
Sign languages	3,090	1,375	1,715	5,910	2,350	3,555
American Sign Language	1,950	765	1,185	3,085	1,130	1,955
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,195	645	545	2,855	1,230	1,625
Sino-Tibetan languages	279,900	129,990	149,910	141,860	67,945	73,915
Chinese languages	273,760	126,965	146,795	139,385	66,700	72,685
Cantonese	141,260	64,620	76,645	74,770	35,490	39,280
Hakka	3,035	1,265	1,775	1,180	515	660
Mandarin	150,735	69,900	80,840	70,510	33,310	37,195
Min Dong	460	205	255	85	50	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	7,235	3,195	4,045	4,140	1,765	2,380
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,225	1,490	1,735	855	380	470
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,055	3,155	3,900	6,335	3,160	3,175
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	50	30	55	25	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,400	3,170	3,230	2,590	1,290	1,300
Burmese	885	400	485	605	305	295
Karenic languages	250	110	130	805	415	390
Tibetan	5,045	2,515	2,525	860	430	430
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	295	170	125	445	215	235
Tai-Kadai languages	2,205	875	1,330	3,705	1,510	2,195
Lao	850	380	465	1,520	730	795
Thai	1,455	540	915	2,400	850	1,545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	45	25	25
Turkic languages	15,395	8,125	7,275	5,795	3,180	2,625
Azerbaijani	1,465	760	710	630	325	300
Turkish	13,000	6,905	6,090	4,255	2,420	1,835
Uyghur	320	150	170	290	135	155
Uzbek	630	345	285	425	200	225
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	380	160	220	355	170	180
Uralic languages	17,065	7,680	9,385	8,895	4,315	4,575
Estonian	1,985	855	1,130	185	85	105
Finnish	1,430	585	850	1,045	455	590
Hungarian	13,700	6,260	7,445	7,660	3,770	3,890
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,315	675	635	1,820	1,025	790
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,296,370	1,108,000	1,188,365	3,622,740	1,825,135	1,797,600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	431,655	221,480	210,180	854,815	439,065	415,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,864,710	886,525	978,190	2,767,920	1,386,070	1,381,850
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	395,295	188,270	207,025	355,410	173,365	182,045
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,332,090	665,435	666,655	3,062,775	1,550,445	1,512,335
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,266,005	583,975	682,030	845,220	412,320	432,895
Before 1981	294,065	133,310	160,755	163,460	81,620	81,840
1981 to 1990	171,565	81,205	90,365	86,350	41,690	44,660
1991 to 2000	281,870	127,730	154,145	131,560	62,930	68,630
2001 to 2010	330,550	152,950	177,600	256,055	125,235	130,820
2001 to 2005	162,770	75,700	87,070	109,145	53,425	55,720
2006 to 2010	167,780	77,250	90,530	146,910	71,810	75,100
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	187,950	88,780	99,170	207,790	100,845	106,945
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	93,575	46,865	46,715	70,155	35,735	34,420
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,266,000	583,975	682,030	845,220	412,320	432,895
Under 5 years	96,800	47,595	49,205	82,175	42,200	39,975
5 to 14 years	205,920	102,700	103,215	149,815	77,820	71,995
15 to 24 years	270,470	120,040	150,425	168,965	78,215	90,755
25 to 44 years	558,625	254,865	303,760	372,805	180,265	192,535
45 years and over	134,190	58,775	75,420	71,450	33,820	37,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,266,000	583,975	682,030	845,215	412,325	432,895
Americas	212,010	92,485	119,525	103,540	49,345	54,190
Brazil	7,025	3,360	3,660	2,545	1,100	1,440
Colombia	8,710	3,995	4,720	9,535	4,570	4,960
El Salvador	6,960	3,500	3,460	7,255	3,725	3,530
Guyana	34,490	14,700	19,790	2,555	1,200	1,355
Haiti	1,855	835	1,020	1,270	675	600
Jamaica	45,075	18,280	26,795	6,845	3,170	3,680
Mexico	7,225	3,340	3,890	15,665	7,860	7,805
Peru	3,865	1,725	2,145	1,920	780	1,140
Trinidad and Tobago	19,640	8,305	11,330	3,415	1,670	1,750
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	24,530	11,480	13,050	30,460	13,675	16,785
Other places of birth in Americas	52,630	22,965	29,665	22,075	10,925	11,150
Europe	298,270	139,045	159,220	189,770	95,355	94,415
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5,125	2,445	2,685	4,555	2,325	2,230
Croatia	4,680	2,195	2,475	3,080	1,615	1,465
France	4,585	2,175	2,410	2,535	1,215	1,320
Germany	11,090	5,220	5,870	19,205	9,485	9,715
Greece	19,235	9,185	10,050	2,005	1,115	890
Hungary	7,860	3,580	4,280	3,665	1,880	1,785
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	4,625	2,400	2,225	3,935	2,100	1,835
Italy	45,515	21,350	24,165	8,110	4,370	3,745
Netherlands	2,690	1,355	1,335	14,035	7,420	6,610
Poland	21,360	9,265	12,100	16,925	8,045	8,880
Portugal	38,575	18,485	20,090	4,050	1,985	2,070
Romania	12,875	5,690	7,185	7,725	3,930	3,795
Russian Federation	16,225	6,755	9,470	7,260	3,135	4,125
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	8,525	4,095	4,430	2,255	1,080	1,170
Ukraine	15,775	7,075	8,705	8,150	3,700	4,455
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	40,295	19,425	20,870	59,215	30,280	28,935
Other places of birth in Europe	39,225	18,350	20,880	23,060	11,670	11,390
Africa	77,445	36,520	40,925	89,740	46,705	43,030
Algeria	770	435	335	1,340	715	625
Egypt	6,620	3,490	3,130	5,320	2,940	2,375
Ethiopia	9,080	4,095	4,985	10,570	5,355	5,215
Kenya	4,880	2,195	2,685	5,120	2,555	2,565
Morocco	1,850	885	965	1,695	1,005	695
Nigeria	7,605	3,780	3,830	12,405	6,520	5,880
Somalia	9,025	3,605	5,410	7,060	3,665	3,395
South Africa, Republic of	5,560	2,710	2,845	7,355	3,670	3,685
Other places of birth in Africa	32,055	15,320	16,740	38,865	20,275	18,590
Asia	674,495	314,010	360,485	452,225	215,955	236,265
Afghanistan	12,740	6,455	6,285	5,190	2,765	2,430
Bangladesh	25,100	12,730	12,365	5,085	2,590	2,500
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	131,475	59,275	72,205	57,690	26,510	31,185
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	38,820	17,855	20,965	19,110	9,265	9,850
India	79,225	40,115	39,110	91,660	46,625	45,035
IranCensus data footnote 61	36,445	18,300	18,145	8,910	4,655	4,250
Iraq	11,135	5,490	5,645	5,935	3,205	2,730
Japan	3,985	1,260	2,725	3,065	905	2,160
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	26,835	12,330	14,500	13,850	6,530	7,320
Lebanon	6,010	3,350	2,660	10,395	5,640	4,750
Pakistan	34,750	17,535	17,215	28,075	14,630	13,445
Philippines	118,780	47,820	70,955	123,830	54,075	69,755
Sri Lanka	52,900	25,740	27,160	4,835	2,475	2,365
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,575	2,790	2,785	4,800	2,515	2,280
Taiwan	7,695	3,320	4,375	3,455	1,460	2,000
Viet Nam	30,575	13,725	16,850	27,080	12,645	14,435
Other places of birth in Asia	52,450	25,925	26,530	39,250	19,485	19,765
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	3,785	1,910	1,870	9,940	4,950	4,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	187,950	88,780	99,170	207,790	100,845	106,945
Americas	23,850	11,210	12,635	20,060	9,660	10,400
Brazil	1,915	930	980	860	370	490
Colombia	1,430	670	760	2,295	1,020	1,275
Cuba	770	345	430	465	215	255
Haiti	680	315	360	385	240	150
Jamaica	3,530	1,840	1,685	1,660	765	895
Mexico	2,065	995	1,070	4,405	2,250	2,150
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,015	2,085	1,925	4,645	2,130	2,515
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,055	480	575	1,570	745	820
Other places of birth in Americas	8,390	3,540	4,845	3,785	1,930	1,855
Europe	20,260	10,240	10,025	20,870	10,830	10,045
France	1,140	560	585	425	240	180
Germany	625	345	285	1,370	710	655
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,220	780	440	1,355	835	520
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	400	180	220	715	365	350
Romania	860	355	505	1,100	545	555
Russian Federation	2,290	835	1,460	1,235	430	805
Ukraine	1,930	905	1,025	2,340	1,060	1,280
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	2,120	1,375	740	6,225	3,570	2,650
Other places of birth in Europe	9,680	4,915	4,760	6,100	3,065	3,040
Africa	13,300	6,380	6,920	27,770	14,165	13,610
Algeria	130	50	80	255	115	135
Cameroon	555	240	315	1,055	515	545
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	325	135	195	805	365	440
Côte d'Ivoire	170	70	95	420	210	210
Egypt	1,350	690	660	1,940	1,045	895
Eritrea	970	485	485	2,390	1,335	1,055
Ethiopia	1,555	710	845	3,445	1,670	1,780
Morocco	210	100	110	515	265	250
Nigeria	2,550	1,235	1,310	6,110	3,200	2,910
Somalia	1,010	480	530	2,120	1,110	1,010
South Africa, Republic of	395	230	170	1,590	800	785
Tunisia	85	55	30	255	135	125
Other places of birth in Africa	3,985	1,900	2,090	6,870	3,400	3,470
Asia	129,695	60,415	69,275	137,110	65,055	72,050
Afghanistan	3,170	1,630	1,535	810	435	375
Bangladesh	5,795	2,870	2,920	1,355	635	715
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	23,195	10,230	12,965	10,525	4,700	5,825
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	640	275	360	750	305	450
India	20,095	10,555	9,540	28,820	14,915	13,900
IranCensus data footnote 61	10,930	5,325	5,610	3,265	1,665	1,600
Iraq	3,715	1,795	1,920	2,010	1,045	960
Israel	585	295	285	480	250	230
Japan	740	195	540	665	195	475
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,925	1,315	1,610	3,840	1,710	2,125
Lebanon	615	350	260	1,470	755	710
Nepal	1,575	825	750	2,615	1,380	1,240
Pakistan	6,725	3,285	3,440	6,910	3,420	3,490
Philippines	31,730	13,360	18,370	59,390	26,960	32,435
Saudi Arabia	865	435	425	820	435	385
Sri Lanka	4,355	1,825	2,530	1,345	650	695
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,260	1,735	1,525	3,340	1,705	1,630
Taiwan	325	100	220	505	165	340
Turkey	1,675	920	755	390	215	180
United Arab Emirates	940	480	455	810	430	375
Viet Nam	1,380	500	875	2,040	795	1,240
Other places of birth in Asia	4,460	2,085	2,380	4,965	2,285	2,680
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	850	530	320	1,980	1,135	845
Australia	665	425	240	1,065	600	465
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	185	105	80	915	535	375
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,650
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,377,465	640,055	737,410	938,500	460,015	478,480
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	740,180	371,440	368,740	742,455	374,065	368,390
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	574,020	284,775	289,250	2,297,195	1,164,420	1,132,775
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	988,325	458,395	529,925	694,945	337,380	357,565
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	475,155	227,400	247,755	387,275	195,845	191,430
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	201,860	111,560	90,305	154,700	96,855	57,850
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	273,290	115,835	157,450	232,570	98,990	133,575
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	320,940	131,355	189,590	198,575	81,650	116,920
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	176,120	92,535	83,590	103,785	57,130	46,650
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	16,100	7,110	8,990	5,320	2,745	2,570
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	23,065	10,835	12,235	258,640	125,445	133,195
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	21,925	10,215	11,710	253,460	123,115	130,340
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	14,380	6,695	7,685	136,585	65,755	70,835
Métis	7,270	3,385	3,880	114,370	56,170	58,200
Inuk (Inuit)	275	130	150	2,500	1,195	1,305
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	500	260	235	2,905	1,350	1,555
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	645	355	285	2,280	975	1,300
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,668,600	1,285,440	1,383,165	3,719,505	1,873,055	1,846,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	7,965	3,655	4,305	123,235	59,065	64,170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,683,700	1,292,610	1,391,090	3,854,915	1,939,430	1,915,475
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	4,215	1,900	2,320	103,600	50,680	52,915
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	4,125	1,855	2,270	99,940	48,860	51,070
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	3,330	1,455	1,875	81,685	39,815	41,870
Métis single ancestry	705	370	335	17,515	8,690	8,820
Inuit single ancestry	90	35	60	735	355	380
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	90	40	50	3,665	1,820	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	65	30	40	3,490	1,725	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	105	55	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	50	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	20	0	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	31,410	14,655	16,765	200,215	97,055	103,160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	30,560	14,295	16,265	189,830	92,295	97,530
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	23,355	11,000	12,355	104,875	50,595	54,280
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,885	3,145	3,745	82,585	40,530	42,060
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	320	150	165	2,365	1,170	1,195
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	850	355	500	10,385	4,760	5,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	770	310	460	9,760	4,465	5,295
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	35	30	310	155	155
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	270	110	160
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	25	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	2,656,040	1,279,720	1,376,315	3,674,330	1,850,760	1,823,570
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,385,850	656,795	729,060	933,165	461,460	471,705
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	338,965	171,480	167,480	230,930	118,535	112,390
Chinese	299,460	140,725	158,735	158,200	77,035	81,165
Black	239,850	109,870	129,980	129,390	66,960	62,440
Filipino	152,715	64,130	88,585	166,195	74,770	91,425
Latin American	77,160	37,295	39,865	55,090	27,560	27,525
Arab	36,030	18,920	17,105	56,700	30,245	26,450
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	41,645	19,375	22,270	43,985	21,025	22,960
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	60,325	30,515	29,805	20,980	11,010	9,965
Korean	41,640	19,665	21,975	21,275	10,130	11,145
Japanese	13,410	5,505	7,905	12,165	5,495	6,670
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	36,975	16,945	20,035	9,900	4,700	5,205
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	47,675	22,360	25,310	28,360	13,985	14,375
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,305,815	639,475	666,340	3,044,980	1,537,040	1,507,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,645
North American Aboriginal origins	35,630	16,550	19,080	303,815	147,735	156,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	27,610	12,840	14,770	200,290	96,845	103,445
Inuit	515	245	270	3,900	1,915	1,985
Métis	8,460	3,875	4,590	113,735	55,590	58,150
Other North American origins	345,705	170,640	175,065	955,040	486,735	468,305
Acadian	2,315	1,190	1,130	5,545	2,970	2,570
American	27,475	13,455	14,015	72,355	35,480	36,875
Canadian	323,180	159,435	163,740	902,315	460,335	441,975
New Brunswicker	45	30	20	50	35	15
Newfoundlander	1,430	695	730	1,985	1,135	850
Nova Scotian	335	150	180	190	115	70
Ontarian	375	230	150	110	65	45
Québécois	880	440	440	1,380	750	630
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	150	75	75	415	210	205
European origins	1,288,855	624,910	663,945	2,580,720	1,292,280	1,288,440
British Isles origins	597,295	292,595	304,700	1,581,265	787,205	794,060
Channel Islander	180	95	80	225	115	115
Cornish	150	75	75	210	90	115
English	331,895	162,525	169,370	899,440	444,010	455,440
Irish	262,965	125,325	137,635	596,750	288,710	308,040
Manx	435	260	175	945	450	495
Scottish	256,255	124,590	131,665	704,205	347,740	356,460
Welsh	28,210	13,425	14,780	80,455	38,715	41,740
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	52,905	25,635	27,270	90,865	44,055	46,815
French origins	122,870	58,265	64,605	411,560	201,160	210,395
Alsatian	260	95	165	200	120	80
Breton	40	35	10	60	25	35
Corsican	35	15	20	125	65	70
French	122,610	58,150	64,460	411,315	201,030	210,290
Western European origins (except French origins)	187,190	90,670	96,520	915,185	455,115	460,065
Austrian	16,145	7,660	8,490	39,530	19,225	20,305
Bavarian	85	35	45	110	60	55
Belgian	4,895	2,220	2,670	21,210	10,320	10,890
Dutch	41,650	19,880	21,765	195,720	97,735	97,990
Flemish	460	220	245	2,005	870	1,140
Frisian	230	135	95	685	380	305
German	130,895	63,815	67,080	712,955	353,755	359,195
Luxembourger	130	65	65	680	355	320
Swiss	7,630	3,770	3,860	24,310	11,905	12,410
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	340	145	195	830	390	440
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	36,720	17,695	19,025	329,990	159,695	170,295
Danish	7,575	3,715	3,860	60,380	29,240	31,135
Finnish	8,160	3,795	4,365	17,755	8,780	8,975
Icelandic	2,305	1,115	1,190	20,225	10,050	10,175
Norwegian	9,180	4,565	4,610	156,595	75,160	81,430
Swedish	10,400	4,780	5,620	97,840	46,445	51,385
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,950	895	1,060	13,515	7,005	6,505
Eastern European origins	302,480	141,850	160,630	685,270	336,430	348,845
Bulgarian	6,495	3,090	3,405	2,935	1,510	1,425
Byelorussian	4,080	2,040	2,045	2,200	1,165	1,035
Czech	9,500	4,555	4,950	20,865	10,405	10,460
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,315	1,040	1,280	10,055	4,800	5,255
Estonian	4,620	2,165	2,455	2,715	1,240	1,470
Hungarian	33,700	16,350	17,355	56,270	27,385	28,885
Latvian	5,710	2,640	3,070	3,245	1,585	1,660
Lithuanian	11,675	5,400	6,270	6,090	2,915	3,175
Moldovan	1,265	620	650	1,585	790	790
Polish	114,530	53,655	60,880	186,510	91,115	95,395
Romanian	26,255	12,225	14,025	34,230	16,520	17,710
Russian	74,465	34,135	40,330	107,800	51,840	55,960
Slovak	7,615	3,680	3,940	11,010	5,495	5,515
Ukrainian	72,345	34,015	38,330	369,090	181,600	187,490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	5,210	2,415	2,795	1,910	1,015	895
Southern European origins	441,480	215,805	225,675	215,725	107,495	108,230
Albanian	11,120	5,570	5,555	2,935	1,555	1,385
Bosnian	2,965	1,425	1,540	3,870	1,985	1,890
Catalan	120	80	40	85	55	25
Croatian	13,675	6,690	6,985	14,220	7,535	6,690
Cypriot	1,470	740	725	160	90	70
Greek	57,420	28,600	28,820	15,025	7,790	7,235
Italian	182,495	89,805	92,690	101,265	50,975	50,285
Kosovar	270	145	125	420	210	210
Macedonian	13,320	6,585	6,735	1,015	485	535
Maltese	6,765	3,365	3,405	1,560	845	715
Montenegrin	935	405	525	290	185	105
Portuguese	100,415	48,725	51,695	22,385	11,395	10,985
Serbian	19,375	9,710	9,670	7,755	3,875	3,875
Sicilian	680	335	345	330	160	170
Slovenian	5,475	2,680	2,790	3,885	2,010	1,875
Spanish	56,815	26,600	30,215	48,055	22,225	25,835
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,310	1,580	1,730	5,120	2,495	2,625
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	260	115	150	245	120	125
Other European origins	42,130	20,955	21,175	22,805	11,700	11,105
Basque	505	230	275	425	210	215
Jewish	34,270	17,145	17,130	9,780	4,890	4,885
Roma (Gypsy)	900	425	480	465	220	245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	495	260	235	995	505	490
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	6,320	3,075	3,245	11,255	5,940	5,310
Caribbean origins	165,735	73,670	92,060	36,120	18,050	18,070
Antiguan	1,320	535	785	455	265	190
Bahamian	620	330	285	310	180	130
Barbadian	9,015	4,035	4,980	2,065	980	1,080
Bermudan	650	295	350	210	120	90
Carib	995	335	660	135	45	85
Cuban	5,340	2,445	2,895	2,175	1,110	1,060
Dominican	3,580	1,725	1,850	930	530	395
Grenadian	7,370	3,005	4,365	595	300	295
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	3,440	1,585	1,855	2,235	1,210	1,025
Jamaican	90,065	40,370	49,695	17,325	8,540	8,785
Kittitian/Nevisian	905	435	470	95	65	30
Martinican	80	30	45	10	0	0
Montserratan	245	100	140	30	10	25
Puerto Rican	450	240	210	460	225	240
St. Lucian	3,525	1,465	2,060	595	295	300
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20,215	9,035	11,180	5,180	2,685	2,490
Vincentian/Grenadinian	6,170	2,530	3,640	535	215	325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	20,315	8,755	11,560	2,670	1,275	1,395
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	7,875	3,395	4,475	2,305	1,110	1,200
Latin, Central and South American origins	113,815	53,520	60,300	78,405	39,030	39,375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	4,500	2,035	2,455	1,980	965	1,015
Arawak	470	220	250	105	30	70
Argentinian	4,250	2,100	2,155	1,385	705	680
Belizean	185	70	115	445	250	190
Bolivian	785	375	410	590	305	285
Brazilian	8,365	4,165	4,205	3,030	1,330	1,700
Chilean	5,900	2,885	3,010	8,105	4,115	3,990
Colombian	12,235	5,830	6,405	12,585	6,060	6,525
Costa Rican	1,070	580	490	575	270	305
Ecuadorian	9,990	4,675	5,315	890	405	485
Guatemalan	3,110	1,470	1,645	2,395	1,270	1,120
Guyanese	26,690	11,845	14,845	3,095	1,545	1,555
Hispanic	2,145	1,065	1,085	1,785	905	885
Honduran	1,015	455	565	760	405	355
Maya	785	390	400	580	310	275
Mexican	12,095	5,695	6,400	22,475	11,430	11,045
Nicaraguan	2,325	1,125	1,205	1,675	825	855
Panamanian	890	365	525	320	150	170
Paraguayan	165	65	95	340	155	190
Peruvian	4,990	2,340	2,655	2,740	1,245	1,495
Salvadorean	9,570	4,720	4,845	8,810	4,545	4,270
Uruguayan	1,300	665	635	315	180	135
Venezuelan	4,220	1,910	2,305	4,690	2,295	2,390
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	5,075	2,490	2,585	3,430	1,735	1,695
African origins	146,870	70,425	76,445	136,510	70,620	65,885
Central and West African origins	31,135	15,255	15,880	33,170	17,430	15,735
Akan	460	260	200	130	80	50
Angolan	845	375	470	295	155	140
Ashanti	560	270	285	130	70	55
Beninese	235	120	115	200	90	105
Burkinabe	40	10	35	100	50	50
Cameroonian	1,570	775	800	2,040	1,010	1,035
Chadian	130	65	65	75	55	20
Congolese	2,625	1,215	1,410	4,095	2,100	1,990
Edo	495	255	240	555	320	235
Ewe	75	40	35	125	70	55
Gabonese	35	10	30	25	10	20
Gambian	435	195	240	110	60	50
Ghanaian	9,965	4,640	5,325	4,470	2,365	2,100
Guinean	470	240	235	455	235	215
Ibo	665	375	295	1,760	935	825
Ivorian	385	175	215	655	355	295
Liberian	170	75	100	1,040	495	540
Malian	175	90	85	70	45	25
Malinké	160	65	95	95	55	45
Nigerian	9,745	4,930	4,815	13,010	6,815	6,200
Peulh	60	40	20	105	70	35
Senegalese	365	195	170	575	370	205
Sierra Leonean	595	305	290	740	395	345
Togolese	210	135	75	150	70	80
Wolof	45	20	25	70	45	25
Yoruba	1,105	645	460	2,990	1,600	1,385
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	1,495	750	750	1,865	985	875
North African origins	19,510	9,970	9,540	23,235	12,305	10,935
Algerian	890	405	480	1,620	805	815
Berber	455	245	205	685	415	270
Coptic	285	155	130	225	115	110
Dinka	10	0	10	565	320	250
Egyptian	10,495	5,310	5,180	8,525	4,515	4,010
Libyan	715	380	330	1,300	665	635
Maure	145	85	60	95	70	25
Moroccan	4,100	2,095	2,005	2,510	1,380	1,130
Sudanese	2,305	1,145	1,165	7,070	3,695	3,375
Tunisian	550	285	265	940	480	455
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	470	285	185	575	315	260
Southern and East African origins	56,405	26,555	29,845	56,560	29,285	27,275
Afrikaner	190	90	95	315	155	160
Amhara	325	170	160	450	240	215
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	175	100	75	700	395	310
Burundian	475	265	210	975	555	420
Djiboutian	160	80	85	170	90	75
Eritrean	6,455	3,105	3,355	7,960	4,250	3,715
Ethiopian	13,090	6,255	6,830	13,225	6,710	6,510
Harari	395	215	175	165	85	80
Kenyan	2,150	970	1,185	2,175	1,035	1,140
Malagasy	80	30	50	125	55	70
Mauritian	945	455	485	550	310	235
Oromo	640	275	365	1,355	765	595
Rwandan	790	365	425	1,420	745	675
Seychellois	75	30	45	35	25	10
Somali	20,960	9,675	11,280	14,100	7,315	6,790
South African	5,435	2,705	2,735	6,635	3,310	3,320
Tanzanian	1,140	550	590	1,030	525	505
Tigrian	360	190	175	700	380	320
Ugandan	1,285	620	660	1,155	645	510
Zambian	170	80	85	265	155	110
Zimbabwean	1,025	450	575	2,590	1,300	1,285
Zulu	140	75	65	295	135	160
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	3,275	1,375	1,900	3,875	2,010	1,870
Other African origins	41,950	19,690	22,270	26,150	12,995	13,155
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	6,535	2,750	3,785	2,525	1,220	1,305
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	35,855	17,135	18,720	23,960	11,950	12,010
Asian origins	1,079,290	515,535	563,760	756,335	370,390	385,945
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	152,055	77,500	74,555	97,355	51,035	46,315
Afghan	20,915	10,770	10,150	8,540	4,545	3,995
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	9,280	4,885	4,390	10,470	5,690	4,780
Armenian	12,265	5,950	6,320	1,780	865	910
Assyrian	3,125	1,620	1,505	560	300	255
Azerbaijani	1,670	805	870	615	280	335
Georgian	1,605	815	785	400	230	165
Hazara	325	165	160	365	190	170
Iranian	45,540	23,000	22,535	13,925	7,220	6,705
Iraqi	10,475	5,180	5,295	6,165	3,250	2,915
Israeli	6,720	3,480	3,240	1,565	830	740
Jordanian	1,480	830	655	1,325	670	655
Kazakh	635	290	345	565	260	310
Kurd	2,565	1,415	1,155	2,040	1,160	880
Kuwaiti	155	95	60	185	110	80
Kyrgyz	130	40	90	200	110	90
Lebanese	13,125	6,800	6,325	32,365	16,835	15,525
Palestinian	4,090	2,280	1,810	4,880	2,675	2,210
Pashtun	825	460	360	645	305	345
Saudi Arabian	1,125	585	535	390	205	180
Syrian	6,655	3,210	3,450	7,215	3,605	3,610
Tajik	780	390	390	265	160	105
Tatar	860	375	485	530	215	315
Turk	13,345	6,845	6,500	5,745	3,155	2,595
Turkmen	200	90	110	105	55	50
Uighur	370	180	185	270	125	140
Uzbek	1,025	530	495	485	225	260
Yemeni	1,405	665	740	930	440	485
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	4,210	2,175	2,035	2,445	1,305	1,140
South Asian origins	350,040	175,565	174,470	231,550	118,855	112,695
Bangladeshi	18,155	9,430	8,725	4,155	2,085	2,070
Bengali	9,455	4,875	4,580	1,660	870	790
Bhutanese	120	75	50	815	410	400
East Indian	202,675	101,705	100,970	174,510	89,140	85,370
Goan	1,280	565	710	495	265	225
Gujarati	1,995	1,075	920	855	445	410
Kashmiri	350	180	170	720	355	365
Nepali	3,080	1,515	1,565	4,600	2,490	2,110
Pakistani	36,135	18,360	17,770	29,265	15,075	14,190
Punjabi	6,205	3,185	3,020	15,645	8,230	7,420
Sinhalese	1,735	850	880	750	400	355
Sri Lankan	58,185	28,130	30,055	5,585	2,885	2,695
Tamil	20,345	10,295	10,055	1,050	565	485
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	18,475	9,450	9,025	4,845	2,500	2,335
East and Southeast Asian origins	586,510	266,790	319,720	431,135	202,400	228,735
Burmese	1,200	570	635	1,270	650	615
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,965	1,300	1,665	4,260	2,245	2,015
Chinese	332,825	155,720	177,110	188,280	90,735	97,545
Filipino	162,600	68,740	93,865	175,130	79,150	95,975
Hmong	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	2,950	1,370	1,580	3,005	1,425	1,575
Japanese	17,265	7,320	9,945	16,595	7,510	9,085
Karen	230	100	130	740	390	345
Korean	43,455	20,505	22,950	22,410	10,655	11,755
Laotian	1,255	580	680	2,050	1,020	1,030
Malaysian	2,875	1,340	1,535	2,970	1,340	1,630
Mongolian	1,090	480	615	1,565	725	835
Singaporean	555	240	320	370	180	190
Taiwanese	4,500	2,015	2,480	1,995	855	1,140
Thai	1,795	640	1,155	2,735	980	1,750
Tibetan	5,430	2,705	2,725	965	500	465
Vietnamese	36,840	17,310	19,530	36,780	17,720	19,060
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	1,375	700	675	735	385	345
Other Asian origins	4,605	2,310	2,295	3,115	1,580	1,530
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	4,605	2,310	2,295	3,115	1,585	1,530
Oceania origins	5,790	2,905	2,885	15,500	7,825	7,680
Australian	3,705	1,945	1,765	7,785	3,975	3,810
New Zealander	1,230	640	590	2,905	1,535	1,370
Pacific Islands origins	1,020	425	595	5,150	2,510	2,635
Fijian	465	165	300	3,325	1,580	1,745
Hawaiian	125	55	65	425	190	235
Maori	145	80	60	640	325	320
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	80	15	60	205	105	95
Samoan	65	30	35	280	180	100
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	220	90	130	375	195	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,112,925	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Owner	587,095	...	...	1,105,795	...	...
Renter	525,835	...	...	412,150	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	9,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Condominium	292,260	...	...	256,015	...	...
Not condominium	820,665	...	...	1,271,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
No bedrooms	22,360	...	...	5,440	...	...
1 bedroom	310,005	...	...	139,820	...	...
2 bedrooms	315,685	...	...	322,370	...	...
3 bedrooms	270,925	...	...	540,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	193,950	...	...	519,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,112,925	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	559,150	...	...	358,650	...	...
5 rooms	150,730	...	...	238,870	...	...
6 rooms	119,130	...	...	224,335	...	...
7 rooms	94,780	...	...	201,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	189,140	...	...	504,270	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.0	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,054,450	...	...	1,494,875	...	...
More than 1 person per room	58,485	...	...	32,805	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,112,925	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Suitable	978,105	...	...	1,458,550	...	...
Not suitable	134,820	...	...	69,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1960 or before	363,125	...	...	177,780	...	...
1961 to 1980	347,615	...	...	439,505	...	...
1981 to 1990	109,900	...	...	193,360	...	...
1991 to 2000	85,645	...	...	216,410	...	...
2001 to 2005	58,310	...	...	157,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	67,530	...	...	180,645	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	80,800	...	...	162,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,034,330	...	...	1,440,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	78,595	...	...	87,240	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	693,410	...	...	873,125	...	...
2 household maintainers	374,460	...	...	605,830	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,065	...	...	48,725	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,112,930	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
15 to 24 years	38,560	...	...	53,955	...	...
25 to 34 years	193,900	...	...	281,820	...	...
35 to 44 years	200,750	...	...	307,930	...	...
45 to 54 years	225,770	...	...	310,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	198,425	...	...	288,480	...	...
65 to 74 years	134,375	...	...	169,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	84,315	...	...	86,970	...	...
85 years and over	36,845	...	...	28,585	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,110,740	...	...	1,479,270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	704,665	...	...	1,170,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	406,070	...	...	308,485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	328,350	...	...	268,795	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	587,080	...	...	1,075,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	57.5	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	27.4	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,496	...	...	1,481	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,682	...	...	1,531	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	601,922	...	...	400,104	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	754,015	...	...	449,790	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	525,825	...	...	410,225	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.1	...	...	10.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.8	...	...	36.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,201	...	...	1,243	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,242	...	...	1,279	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	377,340	177,785	199,550	540,665	284,020	256,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	561,095	276,685	284,405	895,885	440,665	455,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,356,355	638,180	718,175	1,769,500	878,130	891,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	94,005	59,530	34,475	309,465	242,160	67,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	53,065	30,330	22,735	94,735	56,255	38,480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	40,945	29,195	11,745	214,730	185,905	28,825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	362,080	156,110	205,975	615,480	250,590	364,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65,015	27,970	37,040	94,620	36,875	57,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	835,255	394,575	440,685	749,930	348,510	401,425
Bachelor's degree	534,610	245,840	288,765	530,085	235,610	294,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	54,570	24,630	29,935	39,955	18,075	21,880
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	23,545	12,065	11,475	21,850	11,810	10,045
Master's degree	192,120	93,960	98,160	133,265	67,215	66,055
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	30,415	18,075	12,345	24,770	15,805	8,965
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,554,810	745,235	809,575	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	159,795	80,045	79,745	244,755	136,085	108,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	317,080	162,485	154,595	569,435	283,290	286,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,077,935	502,705	575,230	1,443,635	711,655	731,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	63,315	39,670	23,640	238,220	189,180	49,035
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	36,000	20,535	15,470	69,415	42,445	26,970
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	27,310	19,140	8,175	168,805	146,740	22,065
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	279,675	121,840	157,835	496,375	203,350	293,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	48,700	21,085	27,615	73,315	29,315	44,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	686,245	320,105	366,140	635,730	289,810	345,920
Bachelor's degree	433,620	198,980	234,645	448,235	197,045	251,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	43,835	19,140	24,705	32,095	14,155	17,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,815	8,885	9,930	18,855	9,505	9,350
Master's degree	166,410	79,840	86,565	116,975	57,230	59,740
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	23,565	13,260	10,300	19,570	11,875	7,695
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	938,435	454,470	483,965	1,436,545	724,680	711,865
Education	67,330	14,370	52,965	121,930	29,000	92,930
13. Education	67,330	14,370	52,965	121,930	29,000	92,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	86,360	39,580	46,785	49,660	20,960	28,705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10,295	7,570	2,730	9,130	6,305	2,820
50. Visual and performing arts	76,065	32,005	44,055	40,535	14,650	25,885
Humanities	101,440	38,205	63,235	69,305	27,480	41,830
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	12,400	2,990	9,415	6,790	1,620	5,170
23. English language and literature/letters	31,945	10,210	21,735	15,110	4,270	10,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	23,775	8,195	15,585	20,660	7,275	13,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	665	275	390	225	105	125
38. Philosophy and religious studies	8,015	4,575	3,440	4,890	2,750	2,140
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,475	3,390	2,080	11,435	6,560	4,865
54. History	15,360	7,865	7,495	8,600	4,560	4,045
55. French language and literature/letters	3,800	695	3,100	1,595	345	1,250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215,995	80,305	135,695	159,735	51,705	108,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,805	805	3,000	2,345	470	1,875
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	27,655	10,905	16,755	17,180	6,320	10,865
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	26,595	2,885	23,710	28,750	2,185	26,570
22. Legal professions and studies	38,050	16,600	21,445	29,000	9,355	19,645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,800	945	2,855	2,190	605	1,580
42. Psychology	29,555	7,530	22,020	27,275	6,765	20,515
45. Social sciences	86,530	40,630	45,900	52,985	26,000	26,985
Business, management and public administration	316,575	143,790	172,785	361,530	133,045	228,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	610	255	350	670	155	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	22,585	5,035	17,545	21,565	4,015	17,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	293,385	138,500	154,885	339,295	128,885	210,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	63,185	30,155	33,035	72,850	38,330	34,525
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	29,170	12,000	17,165	25,850	10,955	14,895
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	13,410	5,860	7,545	15,410	7,270	8,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,380	425	955	555	170	385
40. Physical sciences	17,275	11,180	6,095	26,130	17,875	8,255
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,955	695	1,265	4,900	2,055	2,845
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	76,440	49,500	26,940	60,830	37,710	23,120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	57,245	39,505	17,740	48,975	32,855	16,125
25. Library science	3,700	670	3,025	4,295	515	3,780
27. Mathematics and statistics	14,350	8,495	5,850	7,050	4,020	3,035
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,140	825	315	515	330	185
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	203,235	170,735	32,495	463,185	415,665	47,520
04. Architecture and related services	18,005	11,125	6,880	11,325	7,140	4,190
14. Engineering	93,105	73,095	20,010	110,345	89,275	21,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	31,630	28,215	3,415	84,800	72,145	12,655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	90	20	60	60	10	50
46. Construction trades	25,275	24,510	765	100,370	96,810	3,560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,105	22,350	755	103,880	100,100	3,785
48. Precision production	12,020	11,410	605	52,400	50,195	2,205
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	14,385	7,115	7,275	44,270	27,245	17,025
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	7,765	4,080	3,685	28,440	17,860	10,580
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,625	3,035	3,590	15,830	9,390	6,445
Health and related fields	161,615	40,265	121,350	270,920	51,220	219,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	12,375	6,250	6,130	19,300	9,110	10,195
51. Health professions and related programs	142,005	30,130	111,870	245,265	38,460	206,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	7,235	3,890	3,345	6,350	3,650	2,695
Personal, protective and transportation services	49,585	24,090	25,495	95,140	45,720	49,415
12. Personal and culinary services	33,385	11,715	21,670	57,285	14,985	42,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	210	185	25	250	230	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	195	25	740	655	85
43. Security and protective services	9,475	6,475	3,005	16,985	11,590	5,400
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,290	5,525	765	19,880	18,270	1,610
Other	210	85	130	150	60	95
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	205	80	125	145	60	95
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,554,815	745,240	809,575	2,257,820	1,131,025	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	476,880	242,535	234,340	814,190	419,370	394,820
Education	48,015	10,310	37,710	91,020	19,920	71,105
13. Education	48,015	10,310	37,710	91,025	19,920	71,100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70,630	32,800	37,825	40,255	16,670	23,585
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,240	6,095	2,145	7,095	4,810	2,285
50. Visual and performing arts	62,385	26,710	35,680	33,155	11,860	21,300
Humanities	77,355	28,940	48,420	55,985	21,840	34,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	9,450	2,160	7,290	5,690	1,310	4,380
23. English language and literature/letters	24,570	7,840	16,730	12,345	3,425	8,920
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	18,350	6,360	11,985	17,320	6,020	11,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	545	235	310	200	95	100
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,215	3,600	2,615	3,930	2,205	1,725
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,875	2,365	1,515	8,500	4,960	3,545
54. History	11,710	5,965	5,745	6,855	3,565	3,285
55. French language and literature/letters	2,645	405	2,240	1,140	245	895
Social and behavioural sciences and law	176,260	64,440	111,820	135,545	42,855	92,685
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,110	680	2,430	2,025	425	1,600
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	23,490	9,350	14,145	14,880	5,360	9,520
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20,460	2,080	18,380	23,730	1,770	21,960
22. Legal professions and studies	32,410	13,120	19,285	25,095	7,395	17,705
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,140	795	2,340	1,790	530	1,255
42. Psychology	23,045	5,665	17,385	22,460	5,290	17,170
45. Social sciences	70,605	32,750	37,850	45,565	22,095	23,465
Business, management and public administration	259,240	116,620	142,625	301,995	110,825	191,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	525	200	325	560	135	420
44. Public administration and social service professions	18,355	4,125	14,230	18,035	3,130	14,910
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240,360	112,290	128,070	283,400	107,560	175,840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	48,020	22,475	25,540	58,120	29,655	28,465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	22,455	9,165	13,290	20,925	8,620	12,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10,355	4,475	5,880	12,175	5,740	6,435
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,100	355	745	460	155	305
40. Physical sciences	12,630	7,955	4,685	20,785	13,645	7,140
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,470	525	945	3,775	1,500	2,270
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	66,520	43,645	22,875	53,975	33,590	20,385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	51,580	35,780	15,795	44,735	29,980	14,750
25. Library science	2,500	490	2,005	3,400	440	2,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	11,420	6,635	4,785	5,420	2,915	2,500
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,020	735	290	420	255	165
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	154,980	127,815	27,160	376,875	335,210	41,670
04. Architecture and related services	14,855	8,910	5,940	9,335	5,630	3,710
14. Engineering	75,175	58,020	17,155	95,005	75,840	19,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	23,075	20,580	2,495	69,300	58,610	10,690
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	80	20	60	55	10	50
46. Construction trades	17,955	17,415	540	80,455	77,430	3,020
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	16,100	15,580	520	81,470	78,290	3,180
48. Precision production	7,735	7,290	445	41,255	39,405	1,850
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	11,710	5,595	6,120	35,820	21,060	14,760
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,170	3,075	3,095	21,990	12,970	9,025
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,545	2,520	3,025	13,825	8,090	5,740
Health and related fields	127,480	31,675	95,805	217,640	42,225	175,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	9,425	4,835	4,585	15,955	7,530	8,425
51. Health professions and related programs	112,440	24,045	88,390	196,250	31,775	164,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,620	2,795	2,825	5,435	2,925	2,505
Personal, protective and transportation services	37,545	18,325	19,225	76,300	37,755	38,540
12. Personal and culinary services	24,950	8,690	16,260	44,755	12,085	32,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	155	130	25	190	170	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	110	95	15	460	410	50
43. Security and protective services	7,280	4,910	2,370	14,100	9,595	4,505
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,050	4,495	560	16,795	15,490	1,305
Other	180	70	110	115	55	60
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	180	70	110	110	55	60
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	938,430	454,470	483,960	1,436,545	724,685	711,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,356,360	638,185	718,175	1,769,505	878,130	891,370
Location of study inside Canada	929,295	434,085	495,205	1,424,855	709,950	714,905
Same as province or territory of residence	844,385	392,995	451,390	1,064,560	530,135	534,430
Different than province or territory of residence	84,910	41,095	43,815	360,290	179,815	180,475
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	427,060	204,095	222,970	344,645	168,180	176,465
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	45,380	24,765	20,620	45,690	25,545	20,145
Philippines	58,780	19,975	38,800	68,760	26,480	42,280
India	42,320	22,130	20,190	41,560	21,025	20,535
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	28,740	15,215	13,535	28,630	16,255	12,370
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	35,475	16,700	18,775	18,850	8,805	10,050
France	4,875	2,630	2,245	2,150	1,275	875
Other	211,485	102,685	108,805	139,010	68,800	70,210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,554,810	745,235	809,575	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	476,880	242,535	234,340	814,190	419,375	394,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,077,935	502,705	575,230	1,443,630	711,655	731,980
Location of study inside Canada	739,730	344,335	395,395	1,150,780	572,180	578,595
Same as province or territory of residence	671,340	310,865	360,475	857,370	426,365	431,010
Different than province or territory of residence	68,390	33,470	34,920	293,410	145,820	147,590
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	338,205	158,365	179,835	292,850	139,470	153,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	35,025	18,675	16,350	34,655	18,640	16,015
Philippines	50,685	17,040	33,645	64,000	24,435	39,565
India	36,085	18,480	17,605	37,240	18,505	18,740
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	18,570	9,775	8,800	20,065	11,390	8,675
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	29,550	13,705	15,845	16,600	7,630	8,965
France	4,050	2,180	1,865	1,870	1,105	765
Other	164,240	78,510	85,735	118,425	57,770	60,655
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
In the labour force	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	2,302,945	1,238,280	1,064,655
Employed	1,361,375	697,365	664,010	2,096,105	1,114,360	981,745
Unemployed	122,305	60,785	61,520	206,835	123,925	82,910
Not in the labour force	811,105	334,505	476,605	903,105	364,525	538,580
Participation rate	64.7	69.4	60.4	71.8	77.3	66.4
Employment rate	59.3	63.8	55.2	65.4	69.5	61.2
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.0	8.5	9.0	10.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	791,790	328,280	463,515	806,150	318,845	487,310
Worked	1,502,995	764,375	738,620	2,399,895	1,283,965	1,115,930
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	750,555	409,195	341,360	1,193,860	698,530	495,330
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	752,445	355,180	397,260	1,206,035	585,430	620,595
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.9	41.7	42.5	43.1	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	2,302,940	1,238,285	1,064,660
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	40,005	18,650	21,360
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	1,437,545	736,420	701,125	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
Employee	1,254,610	621,175	633,435	1,984,225	1,042,630	941,595
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	182,930	115,245	67,690	278,710	177,010	101,705
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	40,010	18,645	21,360
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	1,437,545	736,420	701,125	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
0 Management occupations	163,965	95,505	68,460	261,505	167,260	94,245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	258,870	98,770	160,100	353,965	95,685	258,280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	117,635	88,840	28,795	175,025	136,240	38,795
3 Health occupations	84,360	22,000	62,360	150,415	28,130	122,290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	186,795	60,360	126,435	228,325	74,105	154,220
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80,195	40,685	39,510	50,170	19,960	30,210
6 Sales and service occupations	345,145	163,920	181,220	491,495	204,245	287,255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	131,110	122,835	8,280	406,495	376,375	30,120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	7,555	6,240	1,310	72,465	59,465	13,000
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	61,900	37,255	24,645	73,070	58,170	14,895
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	40,005	18,650	21,360
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	1,437,540	736,415	701,125	2,262,935	1,219,630	1,043,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,095	1,310	785	64,035	43,045	20,990
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,045	1,345	695	142,490	109,105	33,390
22 Utilities	5,915	3,855	2,060	21,940	15,345	6,595
23 Construction	76,475	68,340	8,145	236,370	201,640	34,730
31-33 Manufacturing	105,285	68,745	36,545	127,535	96,045	31,490
41 Wholesale trade	50,120	31,390	18,725	80,610	56,840	23,775
44-45 Retail trade	141,535	66,885	74,650	249,880	115,065	134,810
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	57,910	43,835	14,080	115,295	83,675	31,620
51 Information and cultural industries	61,350	35,260	26,090	33,045	18,625	14,420
52 Finance and insurance	120,005	60,090	59,920	69,225	25,230	43,995
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	39,935	22,060	17,880	41,520	23,075	18,450
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	175,685	98,535	77,150	167,800	94,565	73,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	4,085	1,760	2,330	5,560	2,760	2,795
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	78,885	42,905	35,985	87,350	49,595	37,760
61 Educational services	110,275	38,130	72,150	147,270	44,160	103,110
62 Health care and social assistance	143,250	32,215	111,035	245,875	41,235	204,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	34,995	18,395	16,600	44,880	21,550	23,335
72 Accommodation and food services	106,910	51,155	55,755	153,790	62,220	91,570
81 Other services (except public administration)	67,390	25,505	41,880	105,865	50,455	55,405
91 Public administration	53,395	24,710	28,680	122,595	65,420	57,175
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	1,361,375	697,365	664,005	2,096,110	1,114,360	981,745
Worked at home	101,275	52,165	49,115	162,465	77,935	84,530
Worked outside Canada	9,045	5,800	3,240	6,270	4,715	1,555
No fixed workplace address	156,250	108,040	48,210	307,065	236,995	70,070
Worked at usual place	1,094,805	531,360	563,445	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,094,800	531,360	563,445	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	884,040	405,530	478,505	1,186,170	554,850	631,330
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	358,010	190,730	167,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	208,165	124,305	83,855	64,360	41,925	22,435
Commute to a different province or territory	2,605	1,520	1,080	11,770	7,210	4,560
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,251,055	639,405	611,650	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Car, truck, van - as a driver	575,260	348,270	226,990	1,497,440	832,890	664,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	57,170	21,245	35,925	99,635	40,215	59,420
Public transit	463,005	192,300	270,705	194,560	88,325	106,235
Walked	107,665	49,540	58,125	85,805	38,030	47,775
Bicycle	34,355	21,245	13,110	21,925	14,685	7,240
Other method	13,605	6,800	6,805	28,015	17,560	10,455
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,251,055	639,400	611,655	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Less than 15 minutes	152,755	74,720	78,035	519,085	237,105	281,980
15 to 29 minutes	354,570	183,060	171,510	706,940	377,165	329,780
30 to 44 minutes	359,230	189,620	169,610	422,070	243,905	178,165
45 to 59 minutes	181,675	90,685	90,990	148,620	86,485	62,135
60 minutes and over	202,830	101,320	101,510	130,665	87,060	43,605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,251,055	639,400	611,655	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	56,235	38,495	17,740	145,660	107,460	38,200
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	162,435	96,815	65,620	395,425	254,225	141,200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	305,355	146,795	158,560	567,530	297,825	269,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	335,840	156,755	179,085	347,270	147,425	199,845
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	200,780	97,300	103,480	188,660	77,175	111,490
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	190,410	103,240	87,165	282,820	147,600	135,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,559,535	792,290	767,240	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,090
Single responses	1,522,980	774,885	748,100	2,446,600	1,304,240	1,142,360
Official languages	1,476,170	749,750	726,425	2,425,545	1,292,940	1,132,610
English	1,469,910	747,820	722,090	2,418,990	1,290,870	1,128,120
French	6,255	1,925	4,330	6,560	2,070	4,490
Non-official languages	46,810	25,135	21,675	21,055	11,305	9,750
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	1,000	550	450
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	670	355	315
Blackfoot	0	0	0	75	50	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	565	295	270
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	535	280	255
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	45	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	60	35	25
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	255	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	140	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	46,805	25,130	21,675	20,050	10,755	9,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,030	620	405	940	575	360
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	95	40	50	100	45	55
Bilen	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	20	10	10	25	15	15
Somali	80	35	40	60	25	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	930	580	350	840	530	305
Amharic	55	20	35	85	50	35
Arabic	560	385	180	610	415	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	85	75	15	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	160	60	100	50	15	35
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	40	20	15	40	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,055	460	595	1,305	515	790
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	25	15	15	10	0
Vietnamese	1,020	435	585	1,290	505	780
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	635	235	400	850	420	430
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	15	10	10	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	580	215	365	785	405	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,090	550	540	55	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	15	15	10	0
Tamil	1,060	540	520	35	15	15
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	13,005	7,335	5,675	8,280	4,855	3,425
Albanian	145	80	70	30	20	10
Armenian	110	55	60	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,385	1,185	1,200	690	335	355
Baltic languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,355	1,180	1,175	695	335	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	15	15	0
Bulgarian	80	45	35	10	0	10
Croatian	45	30	20	15	10	15
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	10	10	10	0
Polish	500	270	230	220	135	85
Russian	1,110	520	590	275	120	160
Serbian	105	65	40	25	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	25	0	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	400	175	225	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	245	100	145	2,535	1,700	840
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	10	20
Danish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	35	30	0	145	80	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	150	45	110	2,160	1,455	700
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Swedish	20	10	10	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	135	30
Greek	275	150	125	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,775	1,645	1,130	3,215	1,870	1,350
Indo-Aryan languages	1,375	730	645	3,010	1,735	1,275
Bengali	255	125	130	25	10	15
Gujarati	185	60	130	75	15	60
Hindi	180	110	70	210	110	100
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	10	15	40	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	410	230	175	2,480	1,510	970
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Urdu	300	180	120	155	50	100
Iranian languages	1,400	915	490	200	130	70
Kurdish	55	55	0	15	10	0
Pashto	0	0	10	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,335	865	475	175	105	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,070	4,125	2,940	1,780	920	860
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	435	230	205	30	10	15
Portuguese	4,035	2,615	1,425	140	70	70
Romanian	90	40	50	50	30	20
Spanish	2,490	1,235	1,250	1,560	800	760
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	605	185	415	195	75	125
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	2,700	1,390	1,305	785	350	435
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	35	10	30
Akan (Twi)	15	0	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	30	10	25
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	170	80	90	230	120	115
American Sign Language	115	35	80	125	40	85
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	60	45	10	105	80	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	25,780	13,850	11,930	7,080	3,665	3,420
Chinese languages	25,735	13,825	11,910	7,035	3,635	3,400
Cantonese	11,875	6,245	5,630	4,545	2,340	2,205
Hakka	10	0	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	13,210	7,270	5,940	2,170	1,125	1,045
Min Dong	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	100	60	45	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	520	230	285	275	155	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	25	20	45	30	20
Burmese	10	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	35	25	10	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	30	35	125	60	65
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	55	30	30	130	60	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	350	235	115	80	35	45
Azerbaijani	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkish	335	220	115	65	30	30
Uyghur	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	255	110	140	70	45	25
Estonian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	25	10	10	0
Hungarian	175	90	85	65	40	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple responses	36,550	17,410	19,145	20,810	10,080	10,735
English and French	8,130	3,340	4,785	4,525	2,050	2,475
English and non-official language	27,800	13,775	14,025	15,935	7,860	8,075
French and non-official language	35	15	25	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	585	285	305	295	140	155
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,559,535	792,295	767,240	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,095
None	1,428,870	727,740	701,130	2,370,575	1,264,955	1,105,620
English	22,480	10,985	11,500	13,805	6,540	7,270
French	27,840	12,335	15,500	23,920	11,380	12,545
Non-official language	77,850	40,035	37,820	57,640	30,700	26,935
Aboriginal	105	25	85	5,045	2,370	2,680
Non-Aboriginal	77,740	40,005	37,735	52,590	28,335	24,260
English and French	55	35	25	30	15	15
English and non-official language	445	225	220	215	105	110
French and non-official language	1,975	920	1,050	1,220	625	595
English, French and non-official language	20	15	0	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	2,663,555	1,281,735	1,381,820	3,925,440	1,971,515	1,953,920
Non-movers	2,284,060	1,094,980	1,189,075	3,318,340	1,667,060	1,651,280
Movers	379,490	186,750	192,740	607,095	304,450	302,640
Non-migrants	253,780	124,200	129,580	394,230	199,640	194,590
Migrants	125,710	62,555	63,165	212,865	104,815	108,050
Internal migrants	65,770	32,410	33,360	166,390	82,335	84,055
Intraprovincial migrants	49,990	24,575	25,415	120,105	59,845	60,260
Interprovincial migrants	15,780	7,835	7,945	46,280	22,490	23,795
External migrants	59,940	30,135	29,810	46,475	22,480	23,995
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	2,556,120	1,226,455	1,329,665	3,714,635	1,863,450	1,851,190
Non-movers	1,516,110	718,935	797,170	2,052,580	1,028,510	1,024,070
Movers	1,040,010	507,515	532,495	1,662,055	834,935	827,120
Non-migrants	639,060	310,250	328,815	899,165	454,700	444,465
Migrants	400,955	197,265	203,690	762,890	380,235	382,655
Internal migrants	184,120	89,710	94,410	559,860	280,255	279,610
Intraprovincial migrants	141,135	68,975	72,160	333,775	165,900	167,875
Interprovincial migrants	42,985	20,735	22,250	226,090	114,355	111,730
External migrants	216,830	107,555	109,275	203,025	99,980	103,045