Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kitchener, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Kitchener, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Kitchener, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : Kitchener, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	233,222	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	219,153	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.4	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	95,495	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	92,217	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,705.2	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	136.77	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	233,220	114,715	118,505	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	40,870	20,860	20,010	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	13,710	6,985	6,725	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	14,020	7,165	6,855	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	13,140	6,715	6,430	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	159,960	79,460	80,505	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	13,370	6,825	6,545	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	16,125	8,270	7,855	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	18,560	9,200	9,365	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	17,970	8,905	9,060	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	16,375	8,160	8,215	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	15,565	7,690	7,875	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	15,980	7,940	8,045	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	17,230	8,515	8,710	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	15,685	7,710	7,975	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	13,100	6,250	6,850	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	32,385	14,395	17,990	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	10,650	5,070	5,575	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	7,585	3,485	4,100	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	5,760	2,640	3,120	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	4,130	1,735	2,390	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	4,265	1,465	2,805	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	2,780	1,025	1,750	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	1,170	375	800	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	285	55	230	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	30	5	30	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	18.2	16.9	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	68.6	69.3	67.9	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	13.9	12.5	15.2	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.8	1.3	2.4	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	39.0	38.0	39.9	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	37.9	36.9	38.9	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	92,220	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	44,815	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	13,380	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	34,015	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	5,390	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	11,190	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,010	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	14,350	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	15	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	92,215	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	24,980	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	30,555	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	15,035	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	13,690	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	7,955	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	230,000	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	192,350	93,855	98,495	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	109,195	54,505	54,695	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	90,560	45,205	45,355	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	18,635	9,300	9,340	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	83,155	39,350	43,800	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	55,065	30,085	24,985	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	6,355	2,625	3,725	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	12,265	4,780	7,490	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	9,465	1,870	7,600	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	65,135	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	31,585	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	14,725	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	13,115	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	5,710	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	65,140	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	53,450	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	44,130	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	9,315	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	11,690	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	9,415	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	2,275	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	53,450	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	24,665	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	28,780	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	11,285	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	12,165	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	5,335	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	11,690	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	6,915	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	3,445	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	1,325	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	39,520	19,785	19,735	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	92,220	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	61,260	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	23,140	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	38,120	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,895	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	29,065	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	24,980	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	4,085	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	230,645	113,730	116,915	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	210,895	105,235	105,660	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	130	45	85	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	14,895	6,525	8,370	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	4,725	1,930	2,800	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	230,645	113,735	116,915	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	221,885	109,870	112,020	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	2,740	1,275	1,460	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	1,375	685	685	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	4,650	1,895	2,755	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	3,420	1,620	1,805	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.5	1.4	1.5	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	230,650	113,735	116,915	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	225,530	111,215	114,315	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	164,930	81,810	83,120	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	162,160	80,495	81,660	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	2,775	1,315	1,465	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	60,595	29,405	31,190	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	20	5	10	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	0	0	0	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	10	0	5	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	0	0	0	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	0	0	0	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	5	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	60,580	29,395	31,180	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	6,645	3,325	3,320	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	5	0	5	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	5	5	5	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	980	465	515	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	100	50	45	805	455	350
Oromo	75	40	40	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	770	355	415	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	365	195	170
Semitic languages	5,655	2,850	2,800	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	660	320	340	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	3,890	1,995	1,890	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	215	110	105	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	10	15	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	15	5	5	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	50	30	25	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	20	15	10	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	735	355	380	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	25	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,545	1,235	1,310	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	220	100	120	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	2,325	1,130	1,190	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	1,040	365	680	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	5	0	5	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	60	20	40	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	20	10	15	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	50	15	35	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,430	665	760
Malay	70	30	45	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	5	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	0	0	0	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	800	275	525	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	95	50	45	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	45	25	25	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	855	450	400	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	45	25	15	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	330	165	160	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	320	170	145	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	155	80	70	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	375	185	190	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	41,200	20,070	21,135	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	840	440	405	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	170	80	90	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	11,800	5,705	6,095	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	80	45	35	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	45	25	20	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	40	20	20	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	11,715	5,655	6,060	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	10	5	5	810	385	430
Bosnian	440	225	220	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	55	25	30	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	1,455	735	715	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	395	185	205	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	110	55	55	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	2,965	1,370	1,595	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	825	380	445	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	4,010	2,015	1,995	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	375	175	200	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	325	140	185	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	175	85	95	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	405	165	240	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	175	90	85	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	15	10	0	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	1,090	540	550
Welsh	10	5	5	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	530	295	235
Germanic languages	5,340	2,410	2,925	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	30	20	10	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	70	30	40	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	595	275	325	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	5	5	0	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	4,570	2,050	2,520	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	5	0	0	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	10	5	5	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	20	10	10	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	0	0	0	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	525	280	240
Greek	715	355	360	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	9,055	4,665	4,390	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	6,145	3,185	2,955	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	470	255	215	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	1,065	555	515	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	700	375	325	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	0	0	0	565	300	265
Konkani	15	10	10	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	60	30	25	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	170	95	80	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	10	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,220	1,165	1,055	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	145	65	80	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	90	50	45	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	1,190	595	595	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	2,755	1,400	1,360	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	515	280	240	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	165	90	80	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	2,075	1,030	1,040	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	155	75	80	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	13,270	6,405	6,865	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	0	0	0	865	440	425
Italian	655	350	305	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	3,050	1,480	1,570	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	4,050	1,975	2,080	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	5,505	2,595	2,910	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	380	340
Japanese	160	50	110	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	1,715	910	805
Georgian	0	0	0	1,715	910	805
Korean	790	360	425	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	425	180	245	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	35	20	15	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,535	815	720
Edo	5	5	5	1,670	770	900
Ewe	5	5	0	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	5	5	5	920	445	470
Ganda	10	0	5	1,295	625	665
Igbo	15	10	5	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	5	0	5	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	15	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	55	25	35	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	100	35	60	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	5	0	5	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	45	25	20	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	105	40	65	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	205	105	100	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	5	5	0	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	205	105	100	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	55	25	30	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	35	10	20	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,935	1,915	2,015	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	3,585	1,730	1,855	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	830	375	455	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	55	25	30	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	2,315	1,135	1,185	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	5	0	5	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	85	55	35	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	15	20	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	250	120	130	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	350	190	165	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	130	70	60	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	110	60	55	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	10	5	5	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	45	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	705	320	385	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	645	305	340	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	55	15	40	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	535	260	275	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	25	15	5	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	475	235	240	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	5	0	0	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	10	5	0	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	975	480	500	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	30	15	15	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	55	25	20	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	890	435	455	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	5,115	2,515	2,600	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	605	290	320	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	4,270	2,120	2,155	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	115	50	65	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	120	60	65	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	230,645	113,735	116,915	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	218,065	107,570	110,495	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	186,340	92,195	94,150	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	185,525	91,810	93,715	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	815	385	430	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	31,725	15,380	16,350	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	0	0	0	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	5	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	31,720	15,375	16,345	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,540	2,205	2,330	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	5	5	0	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	5	5	5	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	680	305	370	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	85	45	45	620	330	285
Oromo	50	20	30	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	530	240	295	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	185	85	95
Semitic languages	3,850	1,890	1,955	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	450	215	240	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	2,695	1,350	1,345	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	135	65	65	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	10	5	5	735	335	400
Hebrew	15	10	5	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	0	0	5	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	490	230	265	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	5	15	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,620	790	830	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	110	50	60	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	1,510	740	770	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	360	155	200	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	0	0	290	140	155
Cebuano	15	5	10	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	0	0	0	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	435	220	210
Malay	35	15	20	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	290	125	165	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	60	25	30	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	500	265	230	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	20	10	5	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	195	100	95	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	180	95	80	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	100	50	45	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	150	70	85	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	19,940	9,660	10,285	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	495	255	235	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	85	35	45	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	6,010	2,920	3,095	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	10	5	5	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	5	0	5	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	5	0	0	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	6,010	2,915	3,090	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	0	5	5	230	105	120
Bosnian	220	110	105	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	30	15	15	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	650	315	335	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	130	65	65	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	45	20	25	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	1,265	605	665	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	470	230	240	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	2,635	1,305	1,335	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	175	85	90	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	125	60	70	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	15	25	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	115	40	75	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	670	310	360
Celtic languages	5	0	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	185	105	80
Welsh	0	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	720	310	415	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	10	5	5	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	5	5	5	855	410	445
Dutch	50	20	25	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	0	0	0	185	95	90
German	650	270	385	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	5	5	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	0	0	0	345	145	200
Swedish	5	0	0	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	290	130	160	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	5,675	2,825	2,855	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	3,725	1,880	1,840	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	290	150	145	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	610	305	305	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	405	210	190	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	0	0	0	135	70	70
Konkani	0	0	5	720	355	370
Marathi	20	15	10	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	120	60	55	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	5	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,490	770	725	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	80	35	40	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	20	20	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	650	315	340	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	1,870	910	970	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	275	140	135	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	100	45	55	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	1,505	725	780	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	80	35	45	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	6,660	3,180	3,480	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	0	0	0	355	165	190
Italian	105	50	55	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	1,280	605	670	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	2,060	1,000	1,065	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	3,220	1,525	1,695	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	180	85	95
Japanese	70	25	45	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	1,040	565	475
Georgian	0	0	0	1,035	565	475
Korean	590	275	315	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	910	440	470
Mongolian	0	0	0	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	115	45	75	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	0	0	0	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	0	250	105	140
Ganda	5	0	5	345	160	185
Igbo	5	5	0	1,000	485	510
Lingala	0	0	0	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	1,530	670	865
Shona	20	5	15	1,035	475	560
Swahili	45	15	25	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	0	0	0	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	5	5	5	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	100	55	45	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	0	5	0	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	75	40	35	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	45	20	20	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	15	15	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,705	1,330	1,370	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	2,390	1,175	1,215	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	430	205	220	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	35	20	20	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	1,695	835	855	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	0	0	5	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	15	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	185	85	95	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	315	160	150	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	135	70	60	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	105	55	55	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	5	0	0	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	340	160	180	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	320	155	160	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	20	10	15	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	275	135	140	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	1,245	640	610
Turkish	250	125	125	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	0	0	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	5	5	5	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	455	230	225
Uralic languages	280	135	150	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	0	0	0	975	365	610
Finnish	0	0	0	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	280	135	145	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	12,580	6,160	6,420	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	305	140	165	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	11,995	5,900	6,100	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	35	10	20	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	240	110	135	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	230,650	113,730	116,915	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	196,480	97,150	99,330	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	14,020	6,960	7,060	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	2,075	900	1,180	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	17,495	8,450	9,045	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	25	10	20	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	17,470	8,440	9,025	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	105	45	60	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	285	140	145	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	170	70	95	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	10	5	0	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	189,215	92,620	96,595	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	181,510	89,155	92,355	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,520	41,035	29,228	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	181,535	89,160	92,375	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,384	36,549	27,056	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	162,815	81,710	81,105	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,799	41,457	27,212	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	128,700	57,240	71,460	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,759	1,449	5,255	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	139,720	72,290	67,425	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,761	42,654	29,878	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	189,215	92,645	96,575	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	181,600	89,200	92,400	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,651	50,888	36,665	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	181,605	89,200	92,405	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,797	41,939	31,833	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	162,620	81,605	81,015	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,066	51,164	34,910	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	128,975	57,475	71,505	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,162	6,338	7,824	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	139,720	72,240	67,480	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,496	50,574	35,919	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	189,215	92,645	96,575	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	71,930	40,690	31,235	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	51,710	57,218	46,100	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	60,496	67,082	51,915	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.4	92.1	83.4	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.7	80.5	71.6	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.6	7.9	16.6	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	189,220	92,620	96,595	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	7,700	3,465	4,240	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	181,515	89,155	92,355	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.3	95.6	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	24,380	10,725	13,655	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	30,450	12,105	18,345	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	25,585	10,445	15,135	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	22,640	10,195	12,445	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	20,590	10,005	10,585	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	15,515	8,490	7,025	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	11,410	6,690	4,715	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	8,235	5,105	3,125	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	6,170	3,935	2,240	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	5,125	3,115	2,015	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	11,420	8,355	3,065	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	8,155	5,850	2,305	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	3,260	2,500	755	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	189,215	92,620	96,600	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	7,685	3,460	4,220	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	181,535	89,155	92,375	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.3	95.6	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	24,930	10,900	14,030	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	31,940	12,720	19,220	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	29,955	12,435	17,525	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	27,790	13,075	14,715	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	22,830	12,060	10,775	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	15,125	8,735	6,385	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	10,200	6,460	3,735	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	7,350	4,570	2,785	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	11,415	8,205	3,210	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	4,145	2,810	1,340	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	2,335	1,680	655	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	4,935	3,720	1,215	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	189,215	92,620	96,595	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	49,500	20,330	29,170	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	139,720	72,295	67,425	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	73.8	78.1	69.8	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	16,700	7,910	8,790	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	10,605	4,590	6,015	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	18,175	7,855	10,320	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	15,255	6,540	8,710	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	16,035	7,205	8,835	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	15,570	7,860	7,710	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	12,375	7,085	5,290	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	9,010	5,490	3,520	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	6,720	4,330	2,390	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	19,280	13,440	5,840	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	5,405	3,525	1,875	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	4,520	2,790	1,730	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	9,355	7,120	2,235	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	92,215	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,774	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,481	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	24,980	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,355	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,423	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	67,235	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,824	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,244	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	92,220	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,962	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,465	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	25,000	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,389	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,260	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	67,220	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,051	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,187	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	92,215	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	1,305	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,040	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,420	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,115	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,670	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,355	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,785	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,005	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,015	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,135	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	7,645	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,050	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,630	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,955	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5,545	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	28,540	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10,450	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	6,830	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	6,775	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,485	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	92,215	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	1,385	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,065	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,455	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,255	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,155	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,840	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,490	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,740	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,880	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,800	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	9,015	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	8,215	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	7,500	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	6,605	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5,385	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	20,450	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	9,450	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,160	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,840	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	64,250	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,932	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,236	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	22,625	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,725	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,922	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	28,960	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,251	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,930	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10,815	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,955	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,899	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	64,175	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,495	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,392	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	22,560	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,615	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,223	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	29,020	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,117	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,052	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,725	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,726	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,168	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	34,305	17,555	16,755	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	33,653	36,361	31,042	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	30,483	32,494	28,697	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	34,415	17,545	16,865	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	41,073	44,036	37,991	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	34,939	36,713	33,094	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	230,000	113,425	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	116,215	55,565	60,655	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	22,300	10,845	11,455	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	21,315	9,490	11,825	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	23,200	10,865	12,335	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	24,425	11,965	12,465	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	24,980	12,395	12,580	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	113,785	57,860	55,925	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	25,070	12,615	12,455	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	24,610	12,440	12,175	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	24,520	12,535	11,990	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	22,590	11,560	11,030	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	16,995	8,715	8,275	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	230,005	113,425	116,580	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	48,585	24,725	23,855	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	16,495	8,440	8,050	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	151,110	74,935	76,175	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	30,305	13,755	16,550	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	31,450	14,555	16,895	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	8,965	4,470	4,495	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	3,325	1,625	1,700	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	18,790	8,760	10,035	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	3,690	1,325	2,365	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	12.8	14.5	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	18.5	18.1	18.8	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.2	19.3	21.1	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	11.7	13.2	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	12.2	9.6	14.3	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	18,560	9,255	9,305	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	4,770	2,425	2,345	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	1,775	880	895	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	13,025	6,510	6,520	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	770	325	445	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.1	8.2	8.0	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	9.8	9.8	9.8	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.8	10.4	11.1	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	8.7	8.6	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.4	2.7	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	230,000	113,420	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	225,305	111,520	113,785	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	225,155	111,465	113,690	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	15,180	6,585	8,595	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	71,890	34,940	36,950	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	60	30	35	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	55	25	30	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	0	15	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	20	15	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	0	0	0	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	40	20	20	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	0	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	0	0	0	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	0	0	0	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	10	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	10	0	0	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	71,825	34,910	36,920	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	8,005	4,100	3,905	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	0	0	0	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	0	0	0	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	1,310	665	645	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	160	80	80	1,085	625	470
Oromo	80	35	40	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	980	495	485	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	480	220	265
Semitic languages	6,935	3,555	3,385	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	890	450	445	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	5,075	2,625	2,445	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	195	100	90	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	45	20	20	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	0	0	0	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	220	145	75	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	45	25	15	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	965	420	545	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	20	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,065	1,450	1,615	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	260	110	145	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	2,835	1,355	1,480	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	1,270	430	845	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	10	0	10	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	50	10	45	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	0	0	0	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	15	10	15	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	30	10	25	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	0	0	0	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	180	90	95	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	10	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	0	0	0	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,070	335	735	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	290	145	145	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	0	10	0	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	125	65	60	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	155	75	80	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	1,045	510	530	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	90	50	40	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	290	135	160	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	475	245	230	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	220	100	120	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	355	170	190	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	50,140	24,460	25,680	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	900	500	405	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	205	95	110	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	13,455	6,530	6,925	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	125	65	60	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	85	45	40	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	40	25	20	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	13,340	6,465	6,870	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	45	25	20	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	650	300	345	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	65	30	40	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	2,260	1,090	1,170	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	430	230	195	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	130	60	75	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	3,335	1,500	1,835	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	1,210	535	675	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	4,985	2,585	2,405	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	515	255	255	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	420	205	210	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	200	90	110	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	485	195	290	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	150	75	70	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	40	25	20	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	25	10	15	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	7,340	3,300	4,040	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	80	50	30	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	95	40	55	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	830	340	495	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	20	0	10	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	6,330	2,860	3,470	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	10	10	0	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	50	30	25	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	45	25	25	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	20	10	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	0	0	0	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	1,090	570	520	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	11,275	5,800	5,475	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	8,315	4,360	3,955	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	505	285	220	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	1,495	740	760	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	3,350	1,785	1,560	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	0	0	0	905	490	420
Konkani	45	30	20	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	75	50	25	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	340	185	160	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	10	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,060	1,685	1,380	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	235	105	125	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	160	80	85	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	1,800	935	860	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	3,085	1,520	1,565	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	720	365	355	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	190	120	70	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	2,370	1,145	1,220	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	205	95	115	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	17,390	8,355	9,030	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	0	0	0	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	1,185	615	565	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	3,695	1,815	1,885	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	4,900	2,375	2,520	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	8,125	3,805	4,320	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	290	140	145	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	0	0	10	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	860	395	460	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	0	0	0	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	660	320	345	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	45	25	20	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	20	10	10	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	10	0	0	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	0	0	0	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	30	0	25	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	20	15	10	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	80	45	35	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	10	30	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	30	10	25	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	15	0	10	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	230	110	120	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	0	0	0	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	115	75	45	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	105	45	60	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	315	140	175	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	10	0	10	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	320	140	175	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	305	110	195	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	205	55	155	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	100	55	40	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,740	2,350	2,390	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	4,360	2,150	2,210	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	1,170	550	615	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	125	55	65	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	2,990	1,485	1,505	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	10	0	0	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	195	105	95	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	60	35	15	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	275	125	160	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	385	205	185	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	155	75	80	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	90	50	40	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	0	0	0	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	255	130	125	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	660	325	330	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	595	300	290	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	95	30	65	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	915	450	465	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	50	30	20	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	790	380	410	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	0	0	0	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	30	15	20	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	1,165	580	585	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	70	40	30	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	60	35	30	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	1,035	510	535	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	230,005	113,420	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	213,855	105,435	108,425	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	46,110	23,515	22,590	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	167,750	81,915	85,835	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	16,145	7,990	8,155	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	230,000	113,420	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	166,040	82,300	83,740	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	60,425	29,150	31,275	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	15,460	7,380	8,085	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	8,160	4,060	4,110	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	13,220	6,525	6,695	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	15,665	7,325	8,340	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	7,725	3,550	4,180	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	7,945	3,775	4,165	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	7,910	3,865	4,045	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	3,535	1,965	1,565	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	60,430	29,150	31,275	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	6,765	3,455	3,315	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	11,700	5,920	5,780	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	13,075	5,820	7,250	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	24,485	12,020	12,470	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	4,400	1,945	2,460	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	60,425	29,155	31,275	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	9,560	4,370	5,190	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	235	85	145	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	1,195	550	645	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	1,315	600	720	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	1,215	555	660	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	30	20	10	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	1,130	545	580	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	440	185	255	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	90	45	40	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	310	160	155	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,700	690	1,010	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	1,905	935	975	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	26,085	12,595	13,490	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,650	1,365	1,280	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	1,535	765	770	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	165	80	90	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	2,460	1,150	1,305	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	325	145	185	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	420	195	230	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	175	85	90	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	415	260	160	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	645	285	360	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	2,490	1,120	1,365	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	2,015	970	1,045	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	3,655	1,760	1,900	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	305	150	155	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,825	925	905	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	385	170	220	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	4,075	1,880	2,190	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	2,540	1,300	1,240	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	4,695	2,300	2,395	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	15	10	10	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	515	270	250	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	775	395	380	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	245	130	110	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	10	0	0	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	150	100	45	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	615	285	335	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	165	75	85	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	2,205	1,040	1,170	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	19,995	9,830	10,165	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	985	440	540	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	355	195	165	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,015	960	1,055	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	235	135	105	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	3,830	1,925	1,905	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	700	390	310	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	1,270	670	595	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	45	10	35	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	480	250	235	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	275	150	130	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	1,290	675	610	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	1,140	420	720	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	350	170	185	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,070	550	520	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	120	60	55	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	2,070	965	1,105	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	3,775	1,875	1,900	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	85	45	35	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,915	3,870	4,050	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	975	450	525	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	30	20	15	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	185	70	115	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	85	35	45	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	20	10	10	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	75	60	20	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	65	15	45	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	250	100	150	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	35	15	20	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	235	125	110	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	970	480	495	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	25	15	10	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	45	30	15	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	15	10	10	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	25	10	20	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	210	95	125	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	40	15	20	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	60	25	35	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	95	60	30	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	450	220	235	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	1,155	560	600	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	0	10	0	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	0	0	0	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	10	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	135	60	80	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	340	160	180	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	190	80	110	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	0	0	0	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	60	45	15	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	190	90	100	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	40	15	25	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	10	10	0	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	180	100	75	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	4,800	2,360	2,435	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	195	70	130	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	60	30	30	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	425	200	225	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	20	0	15	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	925	495	430	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	230	135	95	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	600	345	250	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	40	20	15	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	15	0	10	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	35	20	15	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	35	15	20	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	55	20	35	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	235	105	125	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	315	100	215	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	60	40	25	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	60	30	35	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	725	370	350	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	25	10	15	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	65	45	20	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	20	10	15	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	205	80	125	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	450	205	250	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	15	15	0	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	10	10	0	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	10	10	0	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	230,005	113,425	116,580	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	65,020	31,730	33,295	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	48,990	24,570	24,415	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	115,990	57,120	58,875	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	45,690	22,100	23,590	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	15,725	8,165	7,560	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	5,885	4,245	1,640	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	9,845	3,920	5,920	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	12,420	4,840	7,580	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	17,150	8,925	8,230	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	390	170	220	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	230,005	113,425	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	4,405	2,075	2,335	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	4,190	1,960	2,235	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	2,780	1,300	1,480	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	1,345	635	710	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	65	25	45	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	120	85	35	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	100	35	65	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	225,590	111,345	114,250	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	230,005	113,425	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	1,290	600	690	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	228,710	112,820	115,890	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	230,000	113,425	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	755	375	380	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	750	375	380	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	610	305	305	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	135	70	65	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	0	0	0	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	6,305	3,010	3,295	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	6,185	2,960	3,230	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,680	2,225	2,460	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,360	640	715	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	85	60	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	115	50	65	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	50	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	222,945	110,040	112,905	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	230,005	113,425	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	50,200	25,050	25,155	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	11,400	5,945	5,455	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	4,735	2,385	2,345	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	9,540	4,870	4,665	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	1,575	650	925	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	5,915	2,845	3,065	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	4,155	2,140	2,010	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	5,190	2,520	2,675	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	2,685	1,295	1,395	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	1,025	505	525	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	325	135	190	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	1,880	885	995	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	1,770	870	900	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	179,805	88,375	91,430	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	230,000	113,420	116,580	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	7,055	3,380	3,670	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,410	2,580	2,830	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	170	95	75	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	1,590	760	830	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	56,365	27,820	28,545	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	250	110	140	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	2,225	1,140	1,085	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	54,490	26,870	27,615	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	435	200	235	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	45	20	25	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	45	25	25	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	90	50	40	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	10	10	0	1,895	950	945
European origins	159,995	78,095	81,900	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	88,370	42,545	45,830	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	20	20	0	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	10	0	0	1,975	995	975
English	48,350	23,285	25,065	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	37,630	17,305	20,325	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	40	25	10	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	37,190	17,640	19,555	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	3,835	1,855	1,980	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	6,590	3,095	3,495	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	20,905	9,890	11,015	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	115	55	65	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	0	0	0	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	0	0	0	1,750	950	805
French	20,790	9,845	10,945	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	60,635	29,505	31,130	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	1,995	935	1,060	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	0	10	0	940	485	455
Belgian	790	360	430	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	9,815	4,690	5,125	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	60	35	30	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	60	25	35	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	51,050	24,955	26,095	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	55	30	20	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	2,115	1,060	1,050	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	10	10	0	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,730	1,835	1,895	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	765	375	395	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	810	390	420	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	155	80	70	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	1,015	510	505	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	975	475	500	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	230	135	95	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	31,615	15,125	16,490	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	200	95	105	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	225	110	120	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	1,080	545	535	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	295	110	185	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	165	80	85	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	3,925	1,940	1,980	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	385	200	185	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	535	275	255	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	95	35	60	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	12,595	6,005	6,585	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	6,410	3,045	3,365	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	3,215	1,495	1,715	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	965	490	470	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	5,720	2,675	3,045	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	100	40	55	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	29,745	15,090	14,655	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	980	525	455	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	1,095	560	540	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	0	0	0	1,280	740	535
Croatian	3,000	1,500	1,490	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	400	185	220	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	1,990	1,040	950	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	7,620	3,870	3,750	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	105	55	45	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	340	160	185	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	270	160	110	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	120	45	70	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	6,430	3,275	3,150	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	5,435	2,775	2,660	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	80	50	30	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	715	320	390	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	2,840	1,345	1,490	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	970	500	470	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	15	10	0	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	1,070	485	590	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	60	30	35	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	525	240	285	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	30	10	20	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	60	20	40	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	415	205	215	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	5,155	2,605	2,550	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	45	25	25	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	10	0	10	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	280	145	135	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	50	15	35	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	0	0	0	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	395	185	215	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	140	75	60	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	95	50	50	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	0	10	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	70	40	35	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	2,980	1,510	1,470	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	40	25	15	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	10	0	10	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	30	15	10	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	25	15	15	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	60	30	25	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	630	315	315	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	70	25	35	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	480	225	255	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	150	70	85	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	7,855	3,705	4,145	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	175	90	85	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	0	0	0	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	95	50	50	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	0	0	0	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	20	0	10	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	285	130	160	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	250	105	140	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	1,660	765	890	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	10	0	0	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	90	40	50	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	430	195	230	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	1,425	675	745	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	205	90	115	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	105	65	35	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	65	40	25	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	725	330	395	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	390	215	180	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	20	0	15	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	20	0	15	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	130	75	50	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	1,540	745	800	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	10	0	10	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	175	75	95	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	430	190	245	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	8,040	4,100	3,945	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	830	460	370	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	0	0	0	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	0	0	0	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	0	0	0	1,585	855	735
Beninese	10	0	10	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	0	0	0	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	25	0	20	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	0	0	1,845	955	885
Congolese	140	70	65	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	0	0	0	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	0	0	0	845	470	375
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,405	660	750
Gambian	10	0	0	975	495	475
Ghanaian	120	60	55	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	10	10	0	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	0	0	0	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	0	0	0	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	65	40	30	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	0	0	0	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	10	0	0	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	245	155	90	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	0	0	0	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	10	0	10	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	35	20	15	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	0	0	0	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	0	0	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	70	55	10	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	115	45	75	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	1,795	950	850	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	50	35	20	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	10	0	0	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	10	10	0	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	0	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	815	425	395	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	30	30	0	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	0	0	0	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	70	30	40	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	825	425	400	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	20	10	10	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	20	15	0	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	4,035	2,010	2,025	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	10	10	0	1,870	955	915
Amhara	10	0	0	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	25	15	10	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	35	0	30	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	0	0	0	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	1,280	615	665	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	1,100	550	550	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	0	0	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	70	45	25	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	0	0	0	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	40	25	10	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	30	15	15	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	50	20	30	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	0	10	0	1,285	575	710
Somali	1,140	570	565	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	155	75	75	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	15	10	10	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	40	25	15	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	65	20	45	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	0	0	0	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	40	15	25	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	0	0	0	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	145	75	75	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	1,610	815	795	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	145	60	80	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	1,470	760	710	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	34,940	17,380	17,565	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	9,240	4,655	4,585	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	1,565	725	840	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	740	390	350	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	400	220	175	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	110	60	45	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	80	35	40	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	30	0	25	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	40	25	15	1,515	810	705
Iranian	975	500	475	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	1,020	560	460	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	90	45	40	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	230	110	125	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	10	10	0	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	670	345	325	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	45	25	15	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	15	0	15	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	865	425	435	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	595	290	305	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	35	15	25	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	100	55	35	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	1,050	530	520	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	135	65	70	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	10	0	0	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	1,040	495	540	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	40	20	20	1,040	540	500
Uighur	0	0	0	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	40	15	25	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	25	15	10	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	330	165	165	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	11,820	6,105	5,715	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	335	175	155	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	95	55	40	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	135	80	60	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	8,385	4,345	4,040	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	25	10	15	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	185	95	95	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	20	10	10	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	305	165	140	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	1,380	735	645	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	705	365	340	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	70	30	40	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	350	180	175	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	150	75	80	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	595	320	270	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	14,110	6,765	7,350	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	495	245	250	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	365	160	200	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	6,020	3,020	3,000	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	1,810	750	1,060	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	435	225	210	805	420	390
Indonesian	185	80	105	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	430	180	250	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	85	45	40	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	1,060	520	535	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	995	495	500	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	70	45	25	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	20	10	15	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	10	10	0	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	75	45	30	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	210	85	125	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	0	0	0	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	3,340	1,645	1,690	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	35	15	20	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	130	50	85	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	130	50	85	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	240	120	115	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	195	90	100	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	30	20	10	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	10	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	0	0	0	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	15	10	10	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	0	0	0	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	0	0	0	1,530	725	805
Samoan	0	0	0	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	0	0	0	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	92,220	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	57,240	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	34,975	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	92,220	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	10,770	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	81,450	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	92,215	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	390	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	12,460	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	21,600	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	39,375	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	18,390	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	92,220	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25,615	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	14,285	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	14,580	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	12,305	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	25,430	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	92,220	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	90,430	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,790	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	92,215	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	87,465	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	4,750	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	92,220	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	19,635	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	29,245	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	12,650	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	10,080	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	7,315	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	7,405	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	5,890	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	92,215	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	87,155	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	5,060	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	92,215	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	51,955	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	37,560	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	2,705	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	92,215	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,015	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	16,400	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	17,100	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	19,370	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	17,045	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,990	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	6,010	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	2,285	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	92,135	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	68,455	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	23,680	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	21,050	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	57,240	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	66.3	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.8	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,358	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,370	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,167	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	366,792	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	34,975	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	11.7	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	41.9	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	993	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,028	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	189,220	92,640	96,575	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	35,100	17,670	17,435	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	54,900	27,390	27,510	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	99,210	47,580	51,630	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,235	8,570	3,665	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	5,785	3,430	2,350	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	6,450	5,135	1,315	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	41,750	17,760	23,990	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,145	1,550	1,595	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	42,080	19,700	22,380	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	28,400	12,965	15,440	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,805	1,290	1,510	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	880	420	455	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	8,390	3,985	4,405	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	1,610	1,040	570	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	129,550	63,720	65,825	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,840	8,025	6,805	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	34,815	17,855	16,960	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	79,900	37,835	42,060	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,705	6,135	2,575	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	4,070	2,440	1,630	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	4,635	3,690	940	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	33,695	14,460	19,235	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,335	1,175	1,165	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35,165	16,075	19,085	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	23,335	10,505	12,830	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,350	1,050	1,305	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	725	325	400	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	7,370	3,340	4,030	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	1,380	860	520	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	189,215	92,645	96,575	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	90,005	45,060	44,945	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	4,740	1,145	3,600	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	4,745	1,145	3,600	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,585	1,625	1,960	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	710	495	215	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	2,875	1,130	1,740	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	6,660	2,555	4,110	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	555	150	405	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	1,800	510	1,290	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,390	460	930	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	65	20	40	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	545	260	280	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	950	550	405	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	1,040	545	495	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	315	55	260	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	11,920	3,625	8,300	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	140	25	110	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,300	480	820	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,210	185	2,020	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	1,585	400	1,185	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	280	90	190	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	2,025	495	1,535	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	4,370	1,940	2,435	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	19,195	7,350	11,845	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	50	0	45	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,050	385	1,665	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	17,100	6,960	10,145	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,745	1,770	1,975	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,545	625	920	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	845	370	475	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	40	10	35	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	1,150	730	420	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	165	50	120	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,690	3,795	1,895	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,200	2,935	1,260	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	215	40	175	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,145	730	410	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	135	85	45	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	22,080	19,795	2,280	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	710	440	270	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	5,710	4,640	1,065	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,925	4,340	585	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	3,645	3,525	120	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,745	3,625	115	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	3,345	3,215	130	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,545	850	695	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	845	420	430	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	700	430	270	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	13,770	2,230	11,540	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,375	630	740	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	12,170	1,485	10,685	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	225	115	115	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,110	2,825	3,280	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	3,520	930	2,590	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	45	0	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	1,725	1,140	580	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	805	695	105	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	170	20	150	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	170	20	150	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	129,550	63,725	65,825	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	49,650	25,885	23,770	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	3,555	815	2,740	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	3,555	815	2,740	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,910	1,295	1,605	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	550	400	150	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	2,360	895	1,460	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	5,150	1,860	3,290	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	425	80	350	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	1,420	370	1,045	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,030	320	705	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	45	15	25	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	430	205	225	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	680	390	295	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	875	450	430	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	245	30	215	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,690	2,875	6,815	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	105	15	90	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,115	405	710	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,710	140	1,570	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	1,350	335	1,010	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	240	85	160	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	1,620	380	1,240	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	3,555	1,515	2,035	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	15,855	5,950	9,910	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	50	0	45	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,755	340	1,420	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	14,050	5,605	8,450	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,010	1,410	1,600	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,220	480	735	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	685	290	400	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	35	0	35	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	935	605	330	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	130	30	100	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,070	3,420	1,660	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,845	2,690	1,155	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	180	35	145	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	935	615	315	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	115	70	40	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,550	15,555	1,995	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	625	375	250	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	4,835	3,865	965	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,040	3,550	480	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	2,715	2,615	100	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,750	2,655	100	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	2,590	2,485	105	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,215	615	595	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	655	305	355	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	550	315	240	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	10,885	1,745	9,140	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,050	490	560	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	9,650	1,165	8,485	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	185	90	95	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,890	2,280	2,615	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	2,730	695	2,030	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	1,445	940	505	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	685	600	80	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	120	25	95	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	120	20	95	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	189,215	92,640	96,575	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90,000	45,060	44,945	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	99,210	47,585	51,630	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	81,045	38,145	42,900	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	76,505	35,935	40,570	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	4,540	2,215	2,330	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	18,170	9,440	8,730	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	2,140	1,190	955	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	635	185	455	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	2,210	1,200	1,010	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	1,345	800	550	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	925	485	445	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	85	40	40	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	10,820	5,535	5,280	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	129,550	63,725	65,830	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,650	25,885	23,770	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	79,900	37,840	42,060	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	65,795	30,855	34,935	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	62,065	29,040	33,025	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	3,730	1,820	1,910	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	14,105	6,985	7,120	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	1,705	905	795	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	560	155	405	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	1,770	890	885	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	755	415	335	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	800	410	385	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	70	40	35	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	8,445	4,160	4,280	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	189,220	92,640	96,570	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	130,080	67,695	62,380	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	121,190	63,110	58,085	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	8,885	4,590	4,300	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	59,140	24,945	34,190	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	68.7	73.1	64.6	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	64.0	68.1	60.1	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.8	6.9	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	189,215	92,640	96,570	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	56,005	23,480	32,525	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	133,215	69,165	64,055	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	73,205	41,570	31,635	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	60,010	27,595	32,420	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	44.3	43.0	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	130,080	67,695	62,380	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	2,680	1,310	1,375	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	127,400	66,390	61,010	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	116,155	59,505	56,645	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	11,245	6,880	4,360	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	130,080	67,695	62,380	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	2,680	1,305	1,370	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	127,400	66,385	61,015	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	12,140	7,085	5,050	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	18,610	5,580	13,025	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	11,075	8,595	2,480	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	7,595	1,080	6,520	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	13,030	4,090	8,940	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,240	1,390	1,850	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	29,745	12,290	17,455	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	18,450	17,265	1,190	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,320	1,010	315	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	12,190	8,005	4,180	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	130,080	67,695	62,380	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	2,680	1,305	1,375	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	127,400	66,390	61,010	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	540	310	230	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	125	120	10	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	360	260	105	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	8,430	7,500	930	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	21,370	15,285	6,085	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	4,945	3,460	1,490	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	14,105	6,570	7,535	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	5,500	4,175	1,325	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	3,790	2,125	1,665	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	8,175	2,855	5,320	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,955	1,010	950	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,450	5,510	3,945	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	185	75	110	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	6,020	3,305	2,720	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	10,075	3,455	6,625	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	13,095	1,970	11,120	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,890	970	915	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	8,460	3,255	5,210	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,765	2,225	2,535	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	4,150	1,960	2,185	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	121,190	63,105	58,085	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	6,545	2,990	3,555	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	415	295	115	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	12,170	9,015	3,155	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	102,060	50,800	51,260	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	102,060	50,800	51,265	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	48,890	20,810	28,075	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	39,000	20,790	18,205	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,935	9,075	4,865	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	240	130	105	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	114,230	59,815	54,415	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	91,175	49,275	41,905	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	7,905	3,425	4,485	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	8,370	3,620	4,750	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	4,855	2,215	2,640	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	1,185	905	280	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	730	370	360	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	114,230	59,815	54,415	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	32,070	14,945	17,125	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	52,385	26,890	25,495	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	16,840	9,800	7,030	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	5,375	3,300	2,080	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	7,565	4,880	2,690	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	114,235	59,820	54,415	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	8,190	5,655	2,535	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	20,325	13,180	7,150	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	26,405	13,150	13,260	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25,350	10,850	14,500	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	12,560	5,455	7,105	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	21,400	11,525	9,875	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	137,410	71,165	66,245	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	136,370	70,685	65,685	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	135,470	70,170	65,300	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	135,090	70,075	65,010	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	380	90	290	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	900	515	385	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	900	515	385	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	90	35	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	10	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	95	25	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	10	0	10	200	95	100
Arabic	105	85	20	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	35	60	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	95	35	60	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	0	0	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	430	265	170	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	20	20	10	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	50	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	100	45	50	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	25	0	25	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	15	10	10	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	45	20	20	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	10	0	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	20	10	15	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	10	10	10	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	10	0	10	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	10	0	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	85	40	45	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	60	30	35	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	0	0	0	530	275	245
Gujarati	10	0	10	880	300	585
Hindi	15	10	10	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	10	10	0	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	10	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	10	0	10	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	25	10	15	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	15	10	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	200	145	50	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	0	0	0	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	60	50	10	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	15	10	10	745	365	380
Spanish	125	90	35	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	60	40	20	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	20	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	20	10	15	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	70	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	120	50	65	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	30	15	10	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	85	35	55	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	20	15	10	675	270	405
Lao	20	15	10	150	70	80
Thai	0	0	0	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	0	0	0	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	10	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	15	10	10	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	1,040	480	565	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	280	95	185	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	740	380	360	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	0	0	0	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	137,410	71,165	66,250	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	132,465	68,960	63,510	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	585	270	315	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	1,455	500	960	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	2,825	1,425	1,400	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	0	0	0	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	2,825	1,420	1,400	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	0	0	0	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	10	10	0	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	70	10	55	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	227,325	112,085	115,235	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	192,775	94,985	97,785	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	34,545	17,095	17,450	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	20,275	9,985	10,290	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	14,275	7,115	7,155	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	11,150	5,510	5,640	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	9,725	4,800	4,925	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	1,425	715	710	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	3,125	1,605	1,520	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	216,420	106,580	109,840	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	126,000	61,790	64,205	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	90,415	44,785	45,635	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	53,175	26,130	27,040	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	37,240	18,655	18,590	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	27,915	13,845	14,070	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	25,090	12,445	12,645	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	2,825	1,395	1,420	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	9,330	4,805	4,525	1,381,460	682,625	698,835