Census Profile, 2016 Census
Meaford, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey, County [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Meaford, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]			Grey, CTY Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Meaford, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Meaford, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Grey, County [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,991	...	...	93,830	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	11,100	...	...	92,568	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.0	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	5,590	...	...	47,560	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,830	...	...	39,563	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	18.7	...	...	20.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	588.57	...	...	4,513.50	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,990	5,375	5,610	93,830	46,095	47,735
0 to 14 years	1,420	720	700	13,890	7,100	6,785
0 to 4 years	485	250	230	4,520	2,300	2,215
5 to 9 years	490	245	240	4,660	2,375	2,280
10 to 14 years	455	220	230	4,710	2,420	2,290
15 to 64 years	6,505	3,170	3,340	57,310	28,350	28,965
15 to 19 years	530	285	245	5,170	2,685	2,480
20 to 24 years	500	250	245	4,945	2,530	2,415
25 to 29 years	440	225	220	4,495	2,290	2,210
30 to 34 years	520	270	250	4,495	2,270	2,225
35 to 39 years	510	265	245	4,515	2,230	2,280
40 to 44 years	480	225	255	4,640	2,295	2,345
45 to 49 years	590	280	305	5,570	2,690	2,885
50 to 54 years	880	430	450	7,400	3,610	3,790
55 to 59 years	975	445	535	8,130	3,875	4,255
60 to 64 years	1,085	500	585	7,955	3,870	4,080
65 years and over	3,065	1,490	1,575	22,630	10,645	11,985
65 to 69 years	1,060	540	520	7,445	3,630	3,815
70 to 74 years	740	380	365	5,415	2,685	2,730
75 to 79 years	555	280	275	3,890	1,885	2,005
80 to 84 years	365	155	205	2,890	1,300	1,590
85 years and over	340	130	205	2,980	1,145	1,840
85 to 89 years	210	90	120	1,915	815	1,100
90 to 94 years	95	30	65	840	275	565
95 to 99 years	20	10	10	195	45	150
100 years and over	10	5	5	35	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9	13.4	12.5	14.8	15.4	14.2
15 to 64 years	59.2	59.0	59.5	61.1	61.5	60.7
65 years and over	27.9	27.7	28.1	24.1	23.1	25.1
85 years and over	3.1	2.4	3.7	3.2	2.5	3.9
Average age of the population	47.9	47.1	48.7	45.4	44.5	46.3
Median age of the population	53.0	52.1	53.9	49.3	48.1	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
Single-detached house	3,975	...	...	30,695	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	935	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	845	...	...	7,470	...	...
Semi-detached house	60	...	...	785	...	...
Row house	260	...	...	1,680	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	575	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	475	...	...	4,330	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	95	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
1 person	1,280	...	...	10,980	...	...
2 persons	2,180	...	...	16,335	...	...
3 persons	615	...	...	5,195	...	...
4 persons	535	...	...	4,405	...	...
5 or more persons	220	...	...	2,650	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,845	...	...	91,735	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	9,570	4,655	4,910	79,945	38,990	40,950
Married or living common law	6,310	3,155	3,160	49,930	24,915	25,015
Married	5,365	2,680	2,685	41,745	20,835	20,905
Living common law	950	475	480	8,185	4,080	4,105
Not married and not living common law	3,255	1,505	1,750	30,010	14,075	15,940
Never married	1,785	1,010	775	17,275	9,710	7,565
Separated	215	90	130	2,250	1,035	1,220
Divorced	610	260	355	4,755	2,055	2,705
Widowed	645	150	500	5,730	1,280	4,455
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,490	...	...	28,090	...	...
2 persons	2,235	...	...	16,770	...	...
3 persons	565	...	...	4,985	...	...
4 persons	510	...	...	4,180	...	...
5 or more persons	175	...	...	2,160	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,490	...	...	28,090	...	...
Total couple families	3,120	...	...	24,505	...	...
Married couples	2,640	...	...	20,410	...	...
Common-law couples	475	...	...	4,090	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	375	...	...	3,585	...	...
Female parent	290	...	...	2,775	...	...
Male parent	80	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,120	...	...	24,505	...	...
Couples without children	1,995	...	...	14,545	...	...
Couples with children	1,120	...	...	9,960	...	...
1 child	470	...	...	3,975	...	...
2 children	490	...	...	3,915	...	...
3 or more children	165	...	...	2,075	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	375	...	...	3,590	...	...
1 child	240	...	...	2,230	...	...
2 children	100	...	...	1,010	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,675	740	940	14,545	6,850	7,695
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,830	...	...	39,565	...	...
One-census-family households	3,400	...	...	27,110	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,950	...	...	14,125	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,450	...	...	12,985	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	45	...	...	485	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,385	...	...	11,965	...	...
One-person households	1,280	...	...	10,975	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	105	...	...	990	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	10,875	5,325	5,555	92,560	45,610	46,950
English only	10,070	4,980	5,095	86,730	43,110	43,625
French only	5	5	5	25	10	15
English and French	780	330	445	5,255	2,235	3,020
Neither English nor French	25	15	15	550	250	300
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	10,880	5,325	5,555	92,560	45,610	46,950
English	10,730	5,255	5,475	91,220	44,985	46,230
French	125	60	65	745	345	400
English and French	5	5	0	65	40	30
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	530	240	290
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	125	60	70	775	365	415
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.1	1.3	0.8	0.8	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	10,880	5,325	5,555	92,560	45,610	46,950
Single responses	10,830	5,300	5,530	92,055	45,370	46,685
Official languages	10,290	5,030	5,260	85,395	42,110	43,285
English	10,160	4,965	5,195	84,580	41,725	42,850
French	130	60	70	820	390	430
Non-official languages	540	270	270	6,660	3,255	3,400
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	540	270	265	6,645	3,255	3,390
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	110	55	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	105	55	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	10	0	10	75	40	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	5	15	10	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	15	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	10	85	15	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	75	15	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	45	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tamil	5	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	465	240	225	5,890	2,925	2,965
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	90	45	50	700	325	375
Baltic languages	10	5	10	45	25	25
Latvian	10	0	5	30	15	15
Lithuanian	5	5	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages	85	40	45	655	305	345
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	5	0	5	65	35	35
Czech	10	10	0	80	45	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	25	10	10	210	100	115
Russian	15	5	10	70	25	45
Serbian	5	5	0	35	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	5	5	30	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	15	5
Ukrainian	15	10	5	80	40	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	260	130	125	4,300	2,125	2,180
Afrikaans	0	5	5	15	10	10
Danish	15	10	5	60	40	25
Dutch	100	55	45	905	450	455
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	5
German	140	65	70	3,255	1,600	1,655
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	65	35	30
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	210	105	100
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	170	85	85
Bengali	0	5	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	5	5	0	35	20	15
Hindi	0	0	0	30	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	65	30	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	5	5	5	20	10	10
Iranian languages	5	0	0	40	25	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	5	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	30	595	325	270
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	220	135	90
Portuguese	15	10	5	175	95	80
Romanian	5	5	0	40	20	15
Spanish	20	15	5	160	75	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	25	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	90	30	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	10	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	130	60	65
Chinese languages	15	5	10	125	60	65
Cantonese	10	5	5	65	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	5	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	215	105	120
Estonian	5	0	5	30	15	15
Finnish	5	5	0	60	30	30
Hungarian	15	5	10	130	60	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	25	505	245	260
English and French	15	10	5	145	65	80
English and non-official language	25	15	10	345	170	175
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	10,875	5,325	5,555	92,560	45,610	46,950
Single responses	10,800	5,290	5,515	91,765	45,235	46,525
Official languages	10,690	5,230	5,465	88,775	43,770	45,005
English	10,650	5,215	5,440	88,565	43,665	44,900
French	40	15	25	205	100	110
Non-official languages	110	60	50	2,990	1,475	1,520
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	110	60	50	2,990	1,475	1,515
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	70	40	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	65	35	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	55	30	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	45	40	2,650	1,325	1,330
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	5	175	90	85
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	15	5	175	90	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	5	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	10	5	5	60	35	30
Russian	10	5	0	30	15	15
Serbian	5	0	5	10	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	10	20	2,230	1,105	1,125
Afrikaans	5	0	5	15	10	5
Danish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	5	0	5	205	100	105
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	1,990	985	1,010
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	90	45	45
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	75	40	40
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	5	5	5	25	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	35	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	55	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Spanish	10	5	0	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	75	25	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	25	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	20	15	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	70	30	35
Chinese languages	5	5	5	70	30	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	25	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	40	10	25
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	45	795	370	425
English and French	5	0	5	65	25	40
English and non-official language	70	30	40	715	340	380
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	10,880	5,325	5,555	92,560	45,610	46,950
None	10,495	5,150	5,345	88,955	43,940	45,010
English	60	25	35	1,090	535	550
French	145	65	85	805	330	470
Non-official language	160	80	85	1,645	765	880
Aboriginal	0	5	0	20	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	160	75	85	1,625	760	865
English and French	5	0	0	5	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
French and non-official language	10	5	5	50	20	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,430	4,585	4,840	77,900	38,210	39,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,190	4,480	4,710	75,500	37,105	38,400
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,198	37,926	27,565	31,155	36,987	26,683
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,195	4,480	4,715	75,535	37,100	38,435
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,455	34,432	25,561	28,580	33,434	24,862
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,455	4,160	4,290	68,105	33,980	34,125
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,180	33,483	22,581	27,901	34,095	22,311
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,890	3,195	3,695	56,385	26,235	30,150
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,060	9,232	8,960	8,347	8,263	8,415
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,290	3,275	3,010	53,065	27,755	25,305
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,903	30,240	24,371	27,921	32,258	24,118
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,425	4,585	4,840	77,900	38,210	39,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,200	4,475	4,725	75,440	37,070	38,365
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,212	49,601	37,167	42,819	50,512	35,385
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,200	4,475	4,730	75,470	37,080	38,395
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,626	41,529	31,986	36,033	41,552	30,703
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,415	4,145	4,270	68,055	33,995	34,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,400	46,429	32,573	40,033	48,365	31,716
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,985	3,230	3,760	56,490	26,315	30,170
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,440	9,086	9,743	8,953	8,677	9,195
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,290	3,250	3,040	53,060	27,650	25,410
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,478	42,268	32,353	37,806	43,481	31,630
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,425	4,585	4,845	77,895	38,210	39,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,850	1,625	1,225	25,165	14,405	10,755
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,738	47,678	42,882	45,068	48,911	41,699
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,365	57,892	49,703	54,406	59,181	48,011
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.6	86.5	79.9	84.3	87.7	79.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.7	62.4	56.4	62.9	66.1	58.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.4	13.5	20.1	15.7	12.3	20.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,430	4,585	4,845	77,895	38,210	39,690
Without total income	235	105	130	2,400	1,110	1,290
With total income	9,195	4,480	4,710	75,500	37,100	38,400
Percentage with total income	97.5	97.7	97.2	96.9	97.1	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,025	455	570	9,550	4,135	5,410
$10,000 to $19,999	1,715	670	1,050	14,730	5,960	8,765
$20,000 to $29,999	1,575	650	925	12,220	5,255	6,965
$30,000 to $39,999	1,190	570	615	9,670	4,510	5,160
$40,000 to $49,999	965	515	450	8,130	4,145	3,985
$50,000 to $59,999	750	425	330	5,860	3,360	2,495
$60,000 to $69,999	555	345	210	4,195	2,565	1,625
$70,000 to $79,999	395	230	170	2,885	1,785	1,100
$80,000 to $89,999	265	145	120	2,040	1,255	785
$90,000 to $99,999	205	115	100	1,725	965	765
$100,000 and over	540	365	175	4,490	3,160	1,330
$100,000 to $149,999	355	240	115	2,950	2,020	930
$150,000 and over	190	125	60	1,540	1,135	405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,430	4,585	4,845	77,895	38,210	39,690
Without after-tax income	230	105	125	2,365	1,105	1,255
With after-tax income	9,195	4,480	4,715	75,535	37,105	38,435
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	97.7	97.3	97.0	97.1	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,095	465	625	9,980	4,230	5,750
$10,000 to $19,999	1,820	720	1,100	15,365	6,220	9,145
$20,000 to $29,999	1,760	755	1,010	14,120	6,220	7,900
$30,000 to $39,999	1,375	675	695	11,325	5,550	5,780
$40,000 to $49,999	1,085	595	495	8,565	4,665	3,900
$50,000 to $59,999	715	450	265	5,575	3,370	2,205
$60,000 to $69,999	445	260	190	3,420	2,145	1,275
$70,000 to $79,999	330	175	155	2,520	1,450	1,070
$80,000 and over	570	385	185	4,665	3,255	1,410
$80,000 to $89,999	195	125	65	1,575	1,000	575
$90,000 to $99,999	95	65	30	855	625	230
$100,000 and over	285	195	90	2,235	1,635	605
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,425	4,585	4,840	77,895	38,210	39,690
Without employment income	3,140	1,310	1,830	24,835	10,455	14,380
With employment income	6,290	3,275	3,015	53,060	27,755	25,305
Percentage with employment income	66.7	71.4	62.3	68.1	72.6	63.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,115	595	520	9,405	4,930	4,475
$5,000 to $9,999	530	235	300	4,685	2,010	2,675
$10,000 to $19,999	890	425	470	7,360	3,365	3,995
$20,000 to $29,999	815	375	440	6,400	2,855	3,550
$30,000 to $39,999	660	310	350	6,030	2,860	3,175
$40,000 to $49,999	570	305	270	5,090	2,645	2,445
$50,000 to $59,999	480	285	200	3,810	2,350	1,465
$60,000 to $69,999	340	195	140	2,685	1,710	975
$70,000 to $79,999	220	140	75	1,795	1,175	620
$80,000 and over	665	415	250	5,800	3,865	1,940
$80,000 to $89,999	165	95	70	1,405	850	555
$90,000 to $99,999	170	80	85	1,375	735	640
$100,000 and over	325	230	90	3,020	2,280	740
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,792	...	...	62,935	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,528	...	...	56,458	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,275	...	...	10,975	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,336	...	...	30,049	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,203	...	...	27,613	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,550	...	...	28,585	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,294	...	...	77,628	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,976	...	...	69,249	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,830	...	...	39,565	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,314	...	...	81,644	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,767	...	...	68,737	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,285	...	...	10,980	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,740	...	...	45,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,011	...	...	37,483	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,550	...	...	28,580	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,313	...	...	95,668	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,307	...	...	80,745	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	490	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	495	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	1,185	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	1,715	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	2,050	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	190	...	...	1,700	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	2,125	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	245	...	...	1,985	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	230	...	...	1,920	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...	1,730	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	405	...	...	3,465	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	3,130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	345	...	...	2,790	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	315	...	...	2,440	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	2,110	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,290	...	...	10,235	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	495	...	...	3,735	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	290	...	...	2,420	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	300	...	...	2,350	...	...
$200,000 and over	200	...	...	1,730	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	550	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	495	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	1,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	1,760	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	2,290	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	220	...	...	1,945	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	270	...	...	2,320	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	290	...	...	2,270	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	2,190	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	245	...	...	2,130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	500	...	...	4,000	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	455	...	...	3,510	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	415	...	...	3,105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	325	...	...	2,485	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	1,945	...	...
$100,000 and over	900	...	...	7,345	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	415	...	...	3,415	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	235	...	...	1,740	...	...
$150,000 and over	260	...	...	2,195	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,470	...	...	27,865	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,339	...	...	77,658	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,894	...	...	69,280	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,905	...	...	13,855	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,830	...	...	71,228	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,792	...	...	63,655	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,140	...	...	10,075	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,072	...	...	100,402	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,261	...	...	87,936	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	3,330	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,888	...	...	48,235	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,904	...	...	45,657	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,470	...	...	27,875	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,039	...	...	95,715	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,062	...	...	80,708	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,905	...	...	13,930	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	92,029	...	...	87,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,911	...	...	73,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,145	...	...	10,120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,556	...	...	119,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,822	...	...	100,143	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	345	...	...	3,290	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,745	...	...	59,003	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,401	...	...	52,845	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,505	665	840	13,170	6,250	6,915
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,107	31,616	27,904	28,444	30,578	27,116
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,264	29,141	26,432	26,488	27,934	25,536
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,500	655	850	13,175	6,335	6,840
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,497	41,550	39,685	42,687	48,471	37,337
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,757	35,636	34,078	35,673	39,314	32,304
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	10,845	5,300	5,545	91,735	45,285	46,455
In the bottom half of the distribution	5,610	2,645	2,960	50,635	24,400	26,235
In the bottom decile	825	405	420	8,740	4,240	4,500
In the second decile	1,200	525	670	11,010	4,960	6,045
In the third decile	1,190	555	630	10,965	5,285	5,680
In the fourth decile	1,165	555	610	10,060	4,975	5,090
In the fifth decile	1,230	605	630	9,855	4,940	4,920
In the top half of the distribution	5,240	2,660	2,585	41,095	20,885	20,220
In the sixth decile	1,160	570	595	9,365	4,715	4,650
In the seventh decile	1,190	620	565	8,880	4,545	4,335
In the eighth decile	1,110	555	560	8,315	4,205	4,110
In the ninth decile	945	495	455	7,795	3,945	3,850
In the top decile	830	425	405	6,740	3,475	3,265
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	10,845	5,300	5,545	91,730	45,280	46,450
0 to 17 years	1,725	875	855	16,840	8,660	8,180
0 to 5 years	585	305	280	5,475	2,785	2,690
18 to 64 years	6,135	2,975	3,160	53,855	26,490	27,365
65 years and over	2,980	1,450	1,530	21,030	10,130	10,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,430	645	785	14,185	6,550	7,635
0 to 17 years	280	135	140	3,375	1,645	1,725
0 to 5 years	115	60	55	1,340	660	680
18 to 64 years	800	370	430	8,000	3,770	4,230
65 years and over	355	140	215	2,810	1,130	1,680
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.2	12.2	14.2	15.5	14.5	16.4
0 to 17 years (%)	16.2	15.4	16.4	20.0	19.0	21.1
0 to 5 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	24.5	23.7	25.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.4	13.6	14.9	14.2	15.5
65 years and over (%)	11.9	9.7	14.1	13.4	11.2	15.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	450	220	230	4,735	2,380	2,360
0 to 17 years	75	30	45	960	470	490
0 to 5 years	35	15	25	400	200	195
18 to 64 years	325	165	155	3,465	1,760	1,700
65 years and over	50	20	30	315	145	165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	4.2	4.1	5.2	5.3	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.3	3.4	5.3	5.7	5.4	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	4.9	8.9	7.3	7.2	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.5	4.9	6.4	6.6	6.2
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	2.0	1.5	1.4	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	10,850	5,300	5,540	91,730	45,280	46,450
Official languages	10,795	5,290	5,505	91,190	45,040	46,150
English	10,790	5,285	5,510	91,140	45,015	46,130
French	780	320	460	5,275	2,130	3,140
Non-official languages	800	390	410	8,315	4,005	4,310
Aboriginal languages	10	15	0	55	25	30
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	35	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	35	15	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	30	15	20
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	20	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	790	375	410	8,260	3,980	4,280
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	25	230	125	105
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	20	30	230	130	105
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	10	25	160	85	70
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	55	30	30
Maltese	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	105	30	75
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	15	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	75	10	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	25	30
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	650	310	335	7,115	3,470	3,645
Albanian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Armenian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	70	75	765	345	420
Baltic languages	20	10	20	55	25	30
Latvian	10	0	10	40	25	15
Lithuanian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages	120	65	55	710	320	395
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	10	10	0	90	40	50
Czech	15	10	0	80	45	35
Macedonian	10	0	0	30	10	20
Polish	25	10	20	225	85	135
Russian	25	20	10	90	50	45
Serbian	10	0	0	40	35	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Slovak	0	0	10	30	10	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukrainian	35	10	25	105	45	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Celtic languages	10	10	0	35	10	25
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	20	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	370	170	195	4,960	2,440	2,515
Afrikaans	10	10	0	15	15	0
Danish	15	0	10	65	30	30
Dutch	85	50	40	1,355	640	715
Frisian	0	0	0	25	10	10
German	270	120	150	3,875	1,925	1,950
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	145	75	75
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	175	90	85
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	155	75	80
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	25	15
Hindi	0	0	0	70	30	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	10	50	25	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	20	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	65	65	1,180	570	600
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	10	300	170	135
Portuguese	15	0	15	225	125	105
Romanian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Spanish	95	55	40	675	290	390
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	20	125	55	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	10	0	35	25	10
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	140	50	90
American Sign Language	0	10	0	45	20	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	100	35	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	220	100	115
Chinese languages	15	0	10	215	100	115
Cantonese	10	0	0	125	60	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	10	0	85	40	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	20	0	200	100	105
Estonian	10	0	0	45	20	20
Finnish	10	10	0	80	40	40
Hungarian	10	10	0	85	35	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	10,845	5,300	5,545	91,730	45,280	46,450
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	10,615	5,195	5,415	90,365	44,690	45,675
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,695	880	815	16,785	8,625	8,155
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,915	4,315	4,595	73,580	36,060	37,520
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	235	110	130	1,370	595	780
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	10,850	5,300	5,545	91,735	45,280	46,455
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,700	4,775	4,920	84,265	41,665	42,600
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,145	525	625	7,360	3,565	3,790
Before 1981	810	385	425	4,880	2,410	2,470
1981 to 1990	80	25	55	720	335	380
1991 to 2000	90	50	40	665	345	320
2001 to 2010	105	50	55	785	360	425
2001 to 2005	80	25	50	425	195	235
2006 to 2010	30	20	10	360	170	190
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	60	25	35	305	115	190
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	115	55	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,145	525	620	7,360	3,565	3,795
Under 5 years	160	70	95	1,130	505	630
5 to 14 years	240	125	110	1,605	875	735
15 to 24 years	375	155	225	1,955	880	1,080
25 to 44 years	335	155	180	2,375	1,170	1,200
45 years and over	40	30	10	285	140	150
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,145	525	620	7,360	3,565	3,795
Americas	175	70	105	1,170	545	625
Brazil	10	0	0	15	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	10	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	65	45	20
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	65	45	20
Mexico	0	0	0	135	95	40
Peru	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	20	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	110	45	70	715	285	435
Other places of birth in Americas	25	20	10	140	70	70
Europe	875	410	460	5,265	2,600	2,660
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	30	15	10
Croatia	0	0	10	110	35	70
France	10	10	0	55	20	30
Germany	180	70	115	795	420	380
Greece	10	10	0	55	35	15
Hungary	0	0	0	45	30	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	10	80	40	40
Italy	10	10	0	150	85	60
Netherlands	95	50	45	635	340	295
Poland	20	10	10	180	75	105
Portugal	0	0	0	120	70	55
Romania	0	0	0	40	20	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	10	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	35	20	10
Ukraine	10	0	10	30	15	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	465	230	240	2,310	1,110	1,200
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	30	570	265	310
Africa	10	10	10	175	95	75
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	40	30	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	85	45	40
Asia	90	35	55	700	300	400
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	45	20	25
India	10	0	0	160	75	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	30	10	20
Japan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	20	105	40	60
Lebanon	0	0	10	15	0	10
Pakistan	10	0	0	10	10	10
Philippines	10	0	0	80	15	65
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	15	15	30	15	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	75	30	45
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	65	25	40	305	115	195
Americas	20	10	0	95	35	65
Brazil	10	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	10	80	20	55
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	80	35	40
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	40	15	20
Africa	0	0	0	15	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	40	10	30	110	35	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	10	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	10	0	10	10	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	10	15	30	15	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	10,850	5,300	5,545	91,730	45,280	46,450
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,190	540	650	7,730	3,735	3,995
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,545	755	790	12,150	6,085	6,065
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,110	4,005	4,105	71,855	35,460	36,395
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	355	150	205	2,595	1,205	1,395
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	170	85	85	1,210	595	615
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	55	45	10	500	345	155
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	110	35	80	715	250	465
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	125	50	80	1,055	460	600
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	55	20	40	285	130	150
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	10,845	5,300	5,545	91,735	45,280	46,450
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	210	105	100	2,360	1,110	1,245
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	180	90	90	2,260	1,045	1,215
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	65	45	20	1,245	570	675
Métis	110	40	70	1,005	475	530
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	10	50	25	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	45	40	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	10,640	5,195	5,440	89,375	44,170	45,200
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	10,850	5,300	5,545	91,735	45,280	46,455
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	35	30	10	675	300	375
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,810	5,270	5,535	91,055	44,980	46,075
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	10,845	5,305	5,540	91,730	45,285	46,455
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	30	0	405	215	190
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	25	0	400	210	185
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	20	0	270	150	120
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	125	50	70
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	265	125	140	3,210	1,570	1,640
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	245	115	130	3,135	1,535	1,600
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	55	80	2,095	1,035	1,060
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	55	50	985	480	505
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	60	20	35
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	10	10	75	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	10	70	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,555	5,150	5,405	88,115	43,495	44,625
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	10,845	5,300	5,545	91,730	45,285	46,455
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	255	115	145	1,900	915	980
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	55	15	40	330	165	165
Chinese	35	15	20	280	140	135
Black	30	20	15	435	205	225
Filipino	20	10	10	150	35	110
Latin American	15	10	10	65	40	20
Arab	35	10	25	175	100	80
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	0	80	55	25
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Korean	40	10	30	155	65	90
Japanese	10	10	0	50	30	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	10	95	35	55
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,585	5,190	5,400	89,835	44,365	45,470
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	10,845	5,305	5,545	91,735	45,280	46,455
North American Aboriginal origins	290	150	140	3,615	1,790	1,830
First Nations (North American Indian)	180	85	90	2,440	1,220	1,215
Inuit	0	0	0	65	30	40
Métis	135	70	60	1,185	570	610
Other North American origins	3,865	1,905	1,965	32,980	16,035	16,945
Acadian	20	20	10	95	60	40
American	115	40	75	960	450	505
Canadian	3,770	1,865	1,905	32,210	15,650	16,560
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	10	80	40	40
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Québécois	10	10	0	25	20	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	8,625	4,185	4,440	72,910	35,995	36,915
British Isles origins	6,975	3,370	3,605	56,950	28,025	28,925
Channel Islander	0	0	0	15	20	0
Cornish	0	0	0	20	15	0
English	4,455	2,120	2,335	34,335	16,515	17,825
Irish	2,855	1,415	1,440	24,785	11,900	12,885
Manx	0	0	0	10	10	10
Scottish	3,385	1,640	1,745	28,335	13,890	14,455
Welsh	325	135	190	1,920	835	1,085
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	215	80	135	2,420	1,130	1,290
French origins	900	440	455	7,315	3,445	3,865
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	900	440	460	7,315	3,445	3,865
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,280	1,105	1,175	25,165	12,420	12,745
Austrian	55	20	30	480	220	260
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	20	275	115	160
Dutch	800	390	405	6,470	3,220	3,250
Flemish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	55	35	15
German	1,505	730	780	19,025	9,365	9,665
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	80	45	35	890	470	425
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	315	170	145	2,045	995	1,045
Danish	95	55	35	550	305	245
Finnish	45	30	20	375	200	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	100	40	60
Norwegian	85	40	45	510	235	275
Swedish	95	50	40	595	250	345
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	75	40	35
Eastern European origins	760	335	425	5,990	2,935	3,055
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	45	15	25	295	160	135
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	90	35	50
Estonian	10	10	0	160	85	75
Hungarian	120	50	65	755	350	405
Latvian	10	0	10	155	100	55
Lithuanian	30	15	15	95	45	55
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	300	95	210	2,275	1,100	1,175
Romanian	25	30	0	230	155	75
Russian	85	55	30	770	405	365
Slovak	10	0	10	135	75	65
Ukrainian	245	105	140	1,890	870	1,020
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	15	15	0
Southern European origins	385	215	175	3,945	2,075	1,870
Albanian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	220	100	115
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	10	0
Greek	35	25	10	360	205	150
Italian	210	105	105	2,070	1,075	1,000
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	75	35	45
Maltese	0	10	0	150	90	60
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	10	495	245	250
Serbian	10	0	0	85	50	30
Sicilian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slovenian	15	15	0	85	35	50
Spanish	70	45	25	395	190	210
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	85	60	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	25	30	395	185	215
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	15	20	215	80	135
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	0	15	160	80	85
Caribbean origins	90	40	50	510	250	260
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	20	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	10	0	40	25	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	25	10	250	130	115
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	0	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	30	35	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	0	30	85	25	60
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	45	0	35	415	220	195
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	15	15	10	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	25	15	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chilean	10	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	10	65	30	35
Hispanic	0	0	10	10	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	0	220	130	90
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	25	10	20
African origins	45	20	25	515	220	300
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	20	20	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	10	0	0	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	120	70	50
Algerian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Libyan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	0	10	65	35	35
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	10	60	35	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	10	20	310	100	205
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	70	15	55
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	30	10	20	240	90	150
Asian origins	195	80	115	1,655	800	855
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	15	35	375	220	160
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	15	25	150	75	75
Armenian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	30	20	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	35	10	25
Israeli	0	0	0	10	15	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	70	45	25
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	25	20	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	10	0	35	20	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	45	15	25	410	205	210
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	10	15	350	175	185
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Punjabi	20	10	10	40	20	25
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	110	50	65	875	380	490
Burmese	0	0	10	15	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	55	25	30	400	195	210
Filipino	15	10	10	165	45	115
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Japanese	15	0	10	65	35	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	25	155	65	90
Laotian	15	10	0	45	25	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	15	10	25	15	10
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	60	40	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	25	0	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	25	0	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	125	80	50
Australian	0	0	0	45	30	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	35	20	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	50	25	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maori	0	0	0	50	25	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,830	...	...	39,565	...	...
Owner	3,875	...	...	30,340	...	...
Renter	960	...	...	9,225	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
Condominium	195	...	...	1,485	...	...
Not condominium	4,640	...	...	38,080	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	85	...	...
1 bedroom	345	...	...	3,445	...	...
2 bedrooms	965	...	...	8,410	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,085	...	...	16,190	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,410	...	...	11,435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	760	...	...	6,690	...	...
5 rooms	535	...	...	4,920	...	...
6 rooms	815	...	...	6,695	...	...
7 rooms	850	...	...	6,270	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,875	...	...	14,980	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,830	...	...	39,565	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,825	...	...	39,405	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,830	...	...	39,565	...	...
Suitable	4,765	...	...	38,670	...	...
Not suitable	65	...	...	890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
1960 or before	1,845	...	...	14,850	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,025	...	...	9,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	685	...	...	5,435	...	...
1991 to 2000	565	...	...	4,140	...	...
2001 to 2005	305	...	...	1,880	...	...
2006 to 2010	295	...	...	2,200	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	110	...	...	1,485	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,830	...	...	39,560	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,515	...	...	36,785	...	...
Major repairs needed	315	...	...	2,775	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,830	...	...	39,565	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,720	...	...	23,040	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,030	...	...	15,950	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	75	...	...	575	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,830	...	...	39,565	...	...
15 to 24 years	80	...	...	875	...	...
25 to 34 years	360	...	...	3,900	...	...
35 to 44 years	555	...	...	4,955	...	...
45 to 54 years	755	...	...	7,095	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,195	...	...	9,180	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,055	...	...	7,720	...	...
75 to 84 years	610	...	...	4,240	...	...
85 years and over	220	...	...	1,605	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,540	...	...	37,570	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,565	...	...	28,370	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	980	...	...	9,200	...	...
30% to less than 100%	885	...	...	8,225	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,605	...	...	28,525	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.8	...	...	53.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.4	...	...	17.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	935	...	...	959	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,133	...	...	1,138	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,037	...	...	279,423	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	359,734	...	...	353,015	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	950	...	...	9,140	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	23.3	...	...	17.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.4	...	...	46.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	804	...	...	829	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	840	...	...	861	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,425	4,585	4,845	77,895	38,210	39,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,740	930	810	17,395	9,315	8,080
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,520	1,170	1,350	22,395	10,775	11,620
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,165	2,485	2,680	38,110	18,120	19,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	875	710	165	6,805	4,975	1,835
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	390	275	115	2,805	1,775	1,030
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	485	435	50	3,995	3,195	800
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,485	950	1,535	18,190	7,235	10,960
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	50	90	1,515	690	830
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,670	780	890	11,595	5,220	6,375
Bachelor's degree	1,105	480	625	7,740	3,300	4,450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	50	95	1,070	455	615
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	65	25	455	310	145
Master's degree	290	145	145	2,085	995	1,090
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	25	0	240	160	80
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,455	2,635	2,815	46,800	23,045	23,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	680	410	275	7,170	4,285	2,885
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,430	720	715	13,460	6,820	6,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,340	1,510	1,835	26,165	11,940	14,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	485	400	90	4,310	3,195	1,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	195	135	60	1,770	1,160	615
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	290	265	30	2,545	2,030	510
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,715	620	1,085	13,370	5,275	8,095
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	30	40	730	345	385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,080	460	620	7,750	3,130	4,620
Bachelor's degree	740	310	435	5,295	2,095	3,200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	30	60	675	240	430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	30	25	290	155	130
Master's degree	175	80	95	1,380	570	805
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	120	65	55
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,430	4,585	4,840	77,895	38,205	39,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,265	2,100	2,160	39,790	20,090	19,700
Education	430	100	325	2,695	665	2,030
13. Education	425	100	330	2,695	665	2,035
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	180	75	105	1,380	585	795
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	205	175	25
50. Visual and performing arts	165	60	105	1,180	410	770
Humanities	220	85	130	1,920	780	1,140
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	20	130	30	100
23. English language and literature/letters	55	10	45	565	210	355
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	25	20	420	155	265
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	115	50	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	340	195	140
54. History	50	20	25	240	120	120
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	100	10	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	465	160	305	3,590	1,100	2,490
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	20	20	235	90	145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	165	10	155	1,030	60	975
22. Legal professions and studies	65	10	55	605	220	385
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	110	20	95
42. Psychology	55	25	30	525	125	405
45. Social sciences	150	100	45	1,070	590	480
Business, management and public administration	880	260	620	6,320	2,190	4,125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	25	110	725	135	590
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	745	240	510	5,575	2,055	3,525
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	80	75	915	490	425
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	40	40	435	190	245
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	165	80	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	255	195	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	15	40	20	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	85	65	820	475	340
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	65	40	525	315	210
25. Library science	15	0	20	65	15	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	15	200	130	70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,115	1,070	45	8,355	7,900	455
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	220	170	45
14. Engineering	105	95	10	740	670	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	175	165	10	1,725	1,535	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	300	290	10	2,115	2,080	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	380	0	2,490	2,430	55
48. Precision production	125	120	0	1,065	1,010	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	155	65	1,460	1,040	415
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	160	105	55	1,075	740	340
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	50	10	385	305	80
Health and related fields	970	185	790	7,555	1,275	6,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	95	30	65	740	295	450
51. Health professions and related programs	860	135	725	6,700	915	5,785
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	15	0	110	70	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	375	225	150	3,085	1,610	1,470
12. Personal and culinary services	205	70	130	1,630	400	1,230
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	80	70	10	860	670	195
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	75	0	575	530	45
Other	0	0	0	20	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	0	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,450	2,635	2,815	46,800	23,045	23,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,110	1,125	985	20,635	11,105	9,530
Education	220	50	170	1,595	410	1,190
13. Education	220	50	175	1,595	410	1,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	35	70	990	380	610
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	135	115	20
50. Visual and performing arts	105	40	75	855	265	585
Humanities	125	55	75	1,205	500	705
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	15	80	10	75
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	30	335	115	220
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	20	10	255	110	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	75	25	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	15	0	220	135	85
54. History	35	15	20	165	95	65
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	60	0	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	65	225	2,535	595	1,935
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	175	65	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140	10	135	825	35	790
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	40	470	115	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	90	15	70
42. Psychology	15	0	15	325	70	260
45. Social sciences	65	40	25	645	295	345
Business, management and public administration	610	175	435	4,385	1,410	2,970
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	25	90	560	95	470
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	500	155	350	3,805	1,310	2,490
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	50	35	625	320	310
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	25	15	315	130	185
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	115	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	145	110	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	35	20	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	60	50	640	370	275
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	55	30	450	275	175
25. Library science	10	0	10	40	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	130	75	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	680	640	35	5,590	5,215	370
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	130	90	35
14. Engineering	55	45	0	380	325	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	120	110	10	1,230	1,070	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	175	165	10	1,450	1,415	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	250	245	10	1,680	1,630	50
48. Precision production	65	65	0	725	685	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	135	45	1,060	735	330
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	130	90	45	785	530	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	40	0	275	205	75
Health and related fields	690	100	590	5,270	800	4,465
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	20	55	550	200	345
51. Health professions and related programs	600	70	530	4,635	555	4,085
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	85	50	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	240	145	95	2,260	1,205	1,055
12. Personal and culinary services	130	50	80	1,135	280	850
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	60	55	0	675	510	160
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	10	440	400	40
Other	0	0	10	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	15	0	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,430	4,585	4,845	77,895	38,210	39,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,260	2,100	2,160	39,790	20,090	19,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,165	2,485	2,680	38,110	18,115	19,990
Location of study inside Canada	4,740	2,250	2,495	35,310	16,625	18,690
Same as province or territory of residence	4,440	2,110	2,330	33,655	15,835	17,820
Different than province or territory of residence	305	140	160	1,650	790	865
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	425	235	190	2,800	1,500	1,300
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	55	65	745	360	380
Philippines	0	0	0	55	15	40
India	0	0	0	70	30	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	150	95	60	750	425	325
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	10	10	0	25	15	15
Other	145	85	60	1,145	655	485
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,450	2,635	2,820	46,800	23,045	23,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,110	1,125	985	20,630	11,105	9,530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,340	1,510	1,835	26,165	11,935	14,225
Location of study inside Canada	3,150	1,415	1,730	24,660	11,205	13,450
Same as province or territory of residence	2,960	1,340	1,615	23,535	10,720	12,810
Different than province or territory of residence	190	75	115	1,125	485	640
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	190	90	100	1,505	730	775
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	35	40	480	230	250
Philippines	0	0	0	40	15	30
India	10	0	0	55	20	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	15	20	290	150	140
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	0	10
France	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other	75	40	35	600	315	290
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,425	4,580	4,845	77,895	38,210	39,685
In the labour force	5,570	2,860	2,710	47,510	24,800	22,710
Employed	5,285	2,710	2,570	44,720	23,320	21,400
Unemployed	280	145	140	2,790	1,480	1,310
Not in the labour force	3,855	1,725	2,130	30,390	13,405	16,980
Participation rate	59.1	62.4	55.9	61.0	64.9	57.2
Employment rate	56.1	59.2	53.0	57.4	61.0	53.9
Unemployment rate	5.0	5.1	5.2	5.9	6.0	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,430	4,585	4,845	77,895	38,210	39,685
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,495	1,530	1,965	27,530	12,025	15,505
Worked	5,930	3,055	2,875	50,370	26,185	24,185
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,945	1,665	1,275	25,980	14,865	11,125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,990	1,385	1,600	24,385	11,325	13,060
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.0	42.1	43.3	43.8	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,565	2,860	2,710	47,510	24,800	22,710
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	20	25	620	285	330
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,520	2,835	2,685	46,885	24,515	22,375
Employee	4,445	2,145	2,300	38,175	19,235	18,940
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,080	695	385	8,715	5,275	3,440
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,565	2,860	2,715	47,510	24,800	22,710
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	20	25	620	285	335
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,525	2,835	2,685	46,890	24,510	22,380
0 Management occupations	735	450	285	5,820	3,745	2,075
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	740	195	540	5,625	1,295	4,330
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	250	210	35	1,720	1,395	320
3 Health occupations	515	80	430	3,720	645	3,075
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	595	185	410	4,700	1,480	3,220
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	70	105	1,300	515	780
6 Sales and service occupations	1,195	475	725	10,360	3,980	6,380
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	885	825	60	8,465	7,885	580
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	230	170	50	1,845	1,310	540
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	215	170	45	3,340	2,260	1,080
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,565	2,855	2,710	47,510	24,800	22,710
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	20	25	620	290	335
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,520	2,835	2,685	46,890	24,510	22,380
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	335	230	110	3,145	2,160	990
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	0	265	250	15
22 Utilities	75	65	10	735	655	75
23 Construction	540	485	55	4,565	4,005	555
31-33 Manufacturing	425	310	110	5,745	3,970	1,770
41 Wholesale trade	90	75	10	1,125	840	280
44-45 Retail trade	595	285	310	5,605	2,405	3,195
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	190	145	35	1,795	1,275	520
51 Information and cultural industries	70	35	35	605	375	225
52 Finance and insurance	120	45	75	1,170	385	795
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	130	50	85	835	440	400
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	275	160	115	2,060	985	1,070
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	15	0	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	305	170	130	1,985	1,125	860
61 Educational services	325	75	250	2,615	710	1,910
62 Health care and social assistance	885	110	780	6,390	940	5,450
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	160	75	80	1,185	550	635
72 Accommodation and food services	440	165	275	2,960	1,160	1,795
81 Other services (except public administration)	250	125	125	2,265	1,190	1,075
91 Public administration	295	200	90	1,815	1,080	735
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,285	2,715	2,575	44,725	23,320	21,400
Worked at home	695	415	280	5,815	3,185	2,630
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	100	70	25
No fixed workplace address	640	475	165	5,485	4,125	1,365
Worked at usual place	3,935	1,815	2,120	33,325	15,940	17,385
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,930	1,815	2,120	33,325	15,940	17,385
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,315	640	675	13,550	6,040	7,505
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,040	865	1,180	10,425	4,470	5,950
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	560	290	260	9,180	5,310	3,870
Commute to a different province or territory	20	15	0	170	120	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,575	2,290	2,285	38,810	20,065	18,745
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,975	2,020	1,960	32,590	17,115	15,470
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	245	135	110	2,545	1,260	1,285
Public transit	20	0	15	305	70	230
Walked	285	95	190	2,640	1,205	1,430
Bicycle	10	0	10	310	210	105
Other method	50	40	10	420	210	215
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,575	2,290	2,285	38,810	20,065	18,740
Less than 15 minutes	1,645	750	900	14,895	6,870	8,020
15 to 29 minutes	1,640	780	860	11,980	5,830	6,145
30 to 44 minutes	750	395	350	5,890	3,075	2,820
45 to 59 minutes	160	105	60	2,260	1,420	835
60 minutes and over	370	255	115	3,790	2,865	920
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,570	2,290	2,285	38,810	20,070	18,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	210	135	75	3,020	2,110	915
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	750	480	270	7,090	4,635	2,455
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,495	860	635	10,265	5,720	4,540
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,070	380	690	8,230	2,905	5,330
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	465	145	320	3,875	1,330	2,545
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	585	295	295	6,330	3,365	2,965
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,105	3,125	2,980	51,705	26,805	24,900
Single responses	6,095	3,120	2,975	51,620	26,760	24,855
Official languages	6,085	3,115	2,970	51,125	26,490	24,630
English	6,050	3,095	2,950	50,935	26,430	24,510
French	40	20	20	185	60	125
Non-official languages	10	10	10	495	275	220
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	495	275	215
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	475	265	205
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	470	265	205
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	70	25	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	10	400	240	160
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	90	45	50
English and French	10	0	10	35	15	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,105	3,125	2,985	51,705	26,805	24,900
None	5,950	3,060	2,885	50,715	26,350	24,365
English	40	15	20	260	130	135
French	75	30	50	425	155	265
Non-official language	40	20	20	300	165	130
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	20	20	295	170	130
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	10,735	5,250	5,485	90,870	44,815	46,055
Non-movers	9,675	4,715	4,960	81,110	40,030	41,085
Movers	1,060	535	525	9,760	4,790	4,970
Non-migrants	375	205	170	3,830	1,880	1,955
Migrants	690	330	355	5,925	2,910	3,020
Internal migrants	640	320	325	5,715	2,820	2,895
Intraprovincial migrants	585	285	300	5,385	2,640	2,745
Interprovincial migrants	60	35	25	330	180	150
External migrants	40	10	30	215	90	125
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	10,300	5,015	5,285	87,160	42,940	44,225
Non-movers	7,125	3,490	3,635	58,970	29,270	29,700
Movers	3,175	1,530	1,645	28,195	13,670	14,525
Non-migrants	1,220	585	635	11,505	5,560	5,950
Migrants	1,955	940	1,015	16,690	8,105	8,580
Internal migrants	1,890	915	980	16,210	7,875	8,335
Intraprovincial migrants	1,725	835	890	15,475	7,485	7,995
Interprovincial migrants	170	75	85	730	395	335
External migrants	60	25	30	480	235	245

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Meaford, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey, CTY [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Meaford, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey, County [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Meaford, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey, County [Census division], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Meaford, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey, County [Census division], Ontario